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Data Presentation Types

Type Picture Description Pros/Cons


Table A table shows the Pros
raw data presented Shows all data
in rows and Precise
columns. Cons
Can be hard to
Should be used for interpret or see
small datasets for patterns
comparison, e.g.
number of
discharges in a
month by
consultant.
Pie Chart A pie chart shows Pros
data as a Simple and
percentage of the quick to show
whole. proportions
Cons
Should be used for The total
3-7 categories only, represented by
e.g. patients on the the chart is
caseload by unknown
diagnosis
Bar Chart A bar chart shows Pros
data in separate Shows scale of
columns. the categories
Cons
Should be used for Reordering the
comparison bars can
between discrete change
categories, e.g. interpretation
patients on the
caseload by town
Histogram A histogram shows Pros
continuous data with Shows
no gaps between continuity of
the columns. data categories
Cons
Should be used for Data is grouped
any data where so cannot see
there are no gaps individual data
between the
categories, e.g.
distance of patients
from the community
team base.
Box and Box and Whisker Pros
Whisker plots show the Shows average
median and the and spread in
range of a group of one picture
data. Cons
Could be
Should be used for difficult to
grouped data that explain to
has a spread, e.g. others
total number of
appointments for
those discharged in
a month.
Scatter A scatter plot Pros
plot displays all data as Shows all data
single points. points, including
outliers
Should be used for Can highlight
two sets of correlation
numerical data, e.g. Cons
total number of Interpretation
appointments in can be
care pathway and subjective
change in CORE net Correlation
score does not mean
causation
Line Chart A line chart plots Pros
data in order and Shows all data
joins them with a points
line. Is simple to look
at
Should be used for Can show
data over time, e.g. multiple data
number of follow sets
ups per patient, in Cons
order the patients Data must have
were discharged. an order
Run Chart A run chart is a line Pros
chart plus the Easy to
median for the data. interpret, with 4
easy rules to
Should be used for look for
data over time to Cons
look for any Cannot be used
changes, e.g. for unordered
number of new categories
referrals each week.

Any questions contact Alison Pickering on 0131 244 3284 or QuEST@scotland.gsi.gov.uk with the
subject Data Presentation to ensure it gets to the right person, first time.

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