ASSAB ROYALLOY

Prehardened free machining

stainless holder steel
RoyAlloy is the preferred steel of choice of many mouldmakers and end users.
RoyAlloy provides enhanced machinability, improved dimensional stability and
superior surface finishes compared with 420F and 1.2085 type of steels.
 ROYALLOY

General
RoyAlloy is a patented free machining stainless
holder steel, which is supplied in the prehardened
condition.

RoyAlloy is characterised by:

Excellent machinability
Improved dimensional stability RoyAlloy is available in both flats and rounds.
Readily weldable
Good corrosion resistance
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
Greater ductility
Good notch toughness Impact Strength
Uniform hardness in all dimensions The energy absorption at impact testing depends
Better surface finish (as-rolled surface) on the test material (bar size and delivered
Good indentation resistance hardness), test temperature and specimen (type,
location, and orientation in the bar).
RoyAlloy is ultrasonic tested according to
ASSAB specification. Charpy-V, LT direction. Room temperature.

Hardness 321 HB
Typical analysis % C Si Mn Cr S
0.05 0.4 1.2 12.6 0.12 Impact energy
J 22
Standard
None (Patented)
specification

Delivery condition Hardened and tempered to 290 - 330 HB

Tensile Strength
Colour code Alternate Yellow / Blue
Approximate values. Longitudinal specimens
tested at room temperature.

Applications Hardness 321 HB

Yield strength, Rp0.2

Mould bases (holders/bolsters, cavity plates, MPa 890
support/backing plates, ejector plates)
Tensile strength, Rm
Moulds requiring extensive machining and MPa 1069
corrosion resistance Elongation, A 5
Plastic and rubber moulds with low demands % 12
on polishability Reduction of Area, Z
Dies for plastic extrusion % 34
Constructional parts

Compresive Strength
Properties Approximate values.
PHYSICAL DATA Hardness 302 HB
Prehardened to 321 HB.
Compressive strength
MPa 760
Temperature 20C 150C 200C

Density
3
kg/m 7 800 7 750 CORROSION RESISTANCE
Modulus of elasticity RoyAlloy was developed with a chemical
MPa 200 000 190 000 composition adjusted to provide good corrosion
resistance during tool operation and storage.
Coefficient of Tooling made from RoyAlloy will have good
thermal expansion
per C from 20C 11.0 x 10
-6 resistance to corrosion caused by humid
working and storage conditions, and when
Thermal conductivity moulding corrosive plastics under normal
W/m C 17 production conditions.

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ROYALLOY

Machining recommendations
The cutting data below are to be considered as MILLING
guiding values and starting point for evaluating
your own best practice. Face and square shoulder milling

Condition: Prehardened condition ~ 321 HB Cutting data Milling with carbide

parameters Rough milling Fine milling
TURNING Cutting speed (v c )
m/min 130 - 190 190 - 250
Turning with carbide Turning with
Cutting data HSS Feed (fz)
parameters mm/tooth 0.2 - 0.4 0.1 - 0.2
Rough turning Fine turning Fine turning
Depth of cut (a p )
Cutting speed mm 2-5 2
(vc )
m/min 130 - 190 190 - 250 25 - 28 Carbide designation
ISO P20 - P40 P10
Feed (f) Coated carbide Coated carbide
mm/rev or cermet
0.2 - 0.4 0.05 - 0.2 0.05 - 0.3

Depth of cut (ap)

mm 2-4 0.5 - 2 0.5 - 3

Carbide
designation
ISO P20 - P30 P10 - P20
Coated carbide Coated carbide End milling
or cermet
Type of milling
High speed steel
Cutting data
parameters Solid Carbide High speed
indexable steel
carbide insert
Cutting speed
DRILLING (vc) 1)
m/min 80 - 120 120 - 170 35 - 40
High speed steel twist drill
Feed (fz)
2) 2) 2)
Drill diameter Cutting speed (vc) Feed (f) mm/tooth 0.006 - 0.20 0.06 - 0.20 0.01 - 0.35
mm m/min mm/rev
Carbide
5 17 - 19* 0.05 - 0.10 designation
5 - 10 17 - 19* 0.10 - 0.20 ISO P15 - P40
10 - 15 17 - 19* 0.20 - 0.25 1) For coated HSS end mill, vc = 60 - 66 m/min.
15 - 20 17 - 19* 0.25 - 0.30 2) Depending on radial depth of cut and cutter diameter.

* For coated HSS drill, vc = 29 - 31 m/min.

Carbide drill
GRINDING
Type of drill
Cutting data
Type of grinding Wheel recommendation
parameters Indexable Solid Brazed
1)
insert carbide carbide
Face grinding straight wheel A 46 HV
Cutting speed Face grinding segments A 36 GV
(vc)
m/min 215 - 240 110 - 130 70 - 110 Cylindrical grinding A 60 KV
Internal grinding A 60 JV
Feed (f)
2) 2) 2)
mm/rev 0.05 - 0.15 0.10 - 0.25 0.15 - 0.25 Profile grinding A 120 LV

1) Drill with internal cooling channels and brazed tip.

2) Depending on drill diameter.

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 ROYALLOY

Heat treatment Further information

RoyAlloy is supplied in the prehardened condition
with through-hardness of 290 - 330 HB. Each plate
is carefully hardness-tested to ensure consistency.
RoyAlloy is intended for use in the prehardened
condition (i.e., delivery condition), no further heat
treatment or stress relief is generally required.
Contact our ASSAB subsidiary* servicing your
location for further information on the selection,
heat treatment, application and availability of
ASSAB tool steels.
* see back cover page

Welding
RoyAlloy is readily weldable with RoyAlloy filler
metal or several standard stainless filler metals,
using TIG (GTAW) and MMA (SMAW) processes.
Neither preheating nor postheating is necessary.
Test had shown that RoyAlloy does not develop an
overhardened heat-affected zone (HAZ) around the
weld deposit. This eliminates the concern of weld-
induced cracking during repair or, subsequently,
during service.
For best results, use RoyAlloy welding electrodes.
RoyAlloy electrodes provide an optimal match with
the base metal in terms of chemical composition
and mechanical properties.

RoyAlloy remains dimensionally stable even after

extensive machining of 152 x 711 x 813 mm.
0.15 mm distortion, corner to corner.

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 ASSAB STAINLESS CONCEPT
The products of choice in plastic mould materials.
The Stainless Concept is our own programme of metallurgically balanced
stainless grades that has been specially developed and continually broadened
to meet the needs of today's fast-changing moulding industry.

The problems are well known - rust problems with moulds, surfaces that need
repolishing, cooling channels that have to be redrilled, parts that rust together.

Choosing the right product within our Stainless Concept, which can be used
individually or in combination to produce the highest quality tooling for the full
range of moulding applications, will minimise the problems above.

ELMAX POLMAX

Insert material for high The new insert material for

wear resistance demands extreme surface finish
produced via the third requirements.
generation SuperClean3
powder metallurgical process.

STAVAX
STAVAX ESR CORRAX ROYALLOY
SUPREME

A new product with improved The original corrosion Corrax has the best Free machining stainless holder
hardenability and toughness, resistance mould steel corrosion resistance steel supplied at ~35 HRC.
mainly developed for larger for cores and cavities. among all grades within Remains dimensionally stable
moulds. Medium and small sizes. the Stainless Concept. even after extensive machining.

MOLDMAX HH MOLDMAX XL MOLDMAX SC

A beryllium copper alloy A copper-nickel-tin alloy ~20 HRC beryllium copper

supplied at ~40 HRC.
High thermal conductivity.
Benefits include cycle time
reduction and improved
product quality.
supplied at ~30 HRC.
A combination of high
thermal conductivity,
corrosion resistance
and polishability.
alloy with extremely high
thermal conductivity. Ideal
for moulding situations
where rapid and uniform
heat transfer are required.
Publ. 064 20070801