Population Economics

Submitted to:
Mam Rooma Asjad
[Causes]
Migration
[Anas Ejaz]
Migration
the movement of people across international
boundaries.
has enormous implications for growth and
poverty alleviation in both origin and destination
countries.
more than 247 million people were living outside
of their countries of birth in 2013, and over 750
million migrate within their countries.
Why do people migrate?
Yes, we know that people migrate because of
following 5 basic reasons.
Economic
Environmental
Political
Cultural
Social
Reasons And Causes
Environmental Better climate, calamities, and
natural disasters are examples of environmental
causes or reasons.
Economic Moving to find work or moving to
follow a particular career path is an example of
economic cause or reason.
Cultural Religious freedom and education is an
example of cultural cause or reason.
Cont
Political Civil war or escaping from political
persecution is an example of political cause or
reason.
Social Moving for a better quality of life or
moving closer to a family member or friend is an
example of a social cause or reason.
Factors
we categorize the above causes or reasons for
migration into 2 factors
Push
Pull
Cont..
Push Factors These are reasons for leaving a
place, which is called emigrating, because of
certain difficulties like food shortage, war, flood,
calamities, etc.
Pull Factors These are reasons for moving
into a place, which is called immigrating, because
of an aspiration, dream, or something desirable
like abundance in food supply, a better climate,
more freedom, etc.
Push factors
are the reasons why people leave an area. They
are usually involuntary or forced migrations
1) crop failure
2) drought
3) flooding
4) high crime
5) lack of services
6) lack of safety
7) poverty
8) war
Pull factors
are the reasons why people are attracted or
pulled to a particular area. They are usually
voluntary migrations:
1) good climate
2) higher employment
3) lower risk from natural hazards
4) more fertile land
5) more wealth
6) political stability
7) safer, less crime
8) better services