.

Model Nicholls
Dalam bukunya Developing a Curriculum: a Practical Guide (1978), Howard Nicholls
menjelaskan bahwa pendekatan pengembangan kurikulum terdiri atas elemen-elemen kurikulum
yang membentuk siklus.

Model pengembangan kurikulum Nicholls menggunakan pendekatan siklus seperti model

Wheeler. Model Nicholls digunakan apabila ingin menyusun kurikulum baru yang diakibatkan
oleh terjadinya perubahan situasi.Ada lima langkah pengembangan kurikulum menurut Nicholls,
yaitu:

a. Analisis sesuatu
b. Menentukan tujuan khusus
c. Menentukan dan mengorganisasi isi pelajaran
d. Menentukan dan mengorganisasi metode
e. Evaluasi

Description
In their highly successful practical guide, Developing a Curriculum, Howard
and Audrey Nicholls provided a basic guide to curriculum planning for both
practising and prospective teachers. In this second volume, originally
published in 1975, some of the ideas outlined there at an elementary level are
developed, with the aim of encouraging and guiding the development of
custom built curricula.

Grasping the fundamental ideas and concepts of curriculum development is one problem for
teachers, translating them into practice is another, and this book will go a long way to
solving both problems. The development of justifiable and purposeful curricula for the
particular pupils he is teaching is a primary task for any teacher, as is the modification of
these curricula as circumstances and ideas change and the teacher forms his assessment
of pupils needs and progress. The theoretical background to be taken into account when
arriving at general curricular decisions is considered throughout, and groups, aids,
organisation, records and assessment are all treated as essential items for the curriculum
planner. Nor is the final problem, which the theorists often neglect, forgotten, namely that of
implementing modifications or innovations once the curriculum has been created.