Energy, energy resources, work and power past paper questions

1. Which energy resource did not receive its energy from the Sun?

A geothermal

B hydroelectric

C oil

D waves

0654/12/M/J/12 Q30

2. A workman lifts a cubic block from ground level to a high shelf using a fork lift truck. A
second workman has a metre rule and a stopwatch.

Which quantity will the second workman be able to determine, using only the metre rule and the
stopwatch?

A the average speed of the block as it moves up

B the density of the material of the block

C the pressure exerted by the block on the shelf

D the work done on the block when it is lifted

0654/11/M/J/12 Q30
 3. Which is a non-renewable energy resource?

A coal

B geothermal

C solar

D wave

0654/11/O/N/12 Q30

4. A certain machine is very efficient, but not completely efficient.

What does this mean?

A It uses no energy.

B It uses only a small fraction of its energy input.

C It wastes no energy.

D It wastes only a small fraction of its energy input.

0654/13/O/N/12 Q30

5. Electricity is generated in power stations. Many power stations use high pressure steam to
drive the turbines.

Some power stations do not use high pressure steam.

Which type of power station does not use high pressure steam?

A chemical energy (fuel) power stations

B geothermal energy power stations

C hydroelectric energy power stations

D nuclear energy power stations

0654/12/M/J/13 Q30

6. From which type of energy is electrical energy obtained in a hydroelectric power station?

A chemical energy

B gravitational energy

C nuclear energy

D strain energy

0654/13/M/J/13 Q32
 7. An aeroplane flies at a constant speed and height for several hours.

Which type of energy must change during this part of the flight?

A the gravitational energy of the aeroplane

B the kinetic energy of the aeroplane

C the store of chemical energy in the fuel tank of the aeroplane

D the thermal energy of the aeroplane

0654/11/O/N/13 Q30

8. A student writes an answer.

Why is this incorrect?

A Energy is measured in watts.

B Power is measured in joules.

C Power is measured in newtons.

D Work is measured in joules.

0654/13/O/N/13 Q30
 9.

a) In a store, two workers are lifting 5kg bags of flour onto the shelves. There are five shelves, 0.4m
apart. The lowest shelf is 0.4m from the floor.

Fig. 6.1 shows the two workers.

(i) Worker X lifts three bags from the floor to shelf 2. Worker Y lifts one bag from the floor to shelf 5.

Worker X says that he has done more work than worker Y.

Use calculations of the work done to explain whether or not he is correct.

State the formula that you use.

formula

(work =) force distance ;

Xs work is 120J and Ys work is 100J (so X does more work) ;

[2]

(ii) Each worker lifts one bag from the floor to shelf 2. Worker X does this more quickly than worker
Y.

Which worker exerted the higher power during their lift?

Explain your answer.

worker X (no mark)

power = worktime, or power 1time, or power is, rate of doing workwork done per second, or
how quickly work is done, so worker X uses more power ;

[1]

0654/31/M/J/13 Q6 part
 10.
a) Torches (flashlights) are usually powered by electrical cells. They can also be powered by
energy from the Sun (solar energy).

Solar energy is a renewable energy resource.

i) Write the energy resources below into the table to show which are renewable and
which are non-renewable.

coal geothermal hydroelectric natural gas

oil tidal wave wind

renewable resource non-renewable resource

[1]

0654/32/M/J/13 Q7 part

11. The energy output from the solar panels was measured during one day. Fig. 1.3 is a graph of
the results.
(i) Explain why the energy output from the solar panels varies during the day.

energy input (to panel) from sun/energy from sun (to panel), varies ;

[1]

(ii) The motor in the car needs 2000J/s to move the car at 7m/s.

Use Fig. 1.3 to calculate the number of hours in the day for which the solar cells generate sufficient
electricity to run the car at this speed.

hours

6 hours (as graph worked) ;

[1]

(iii) The solar cells are 20% efficient.

Calculate the solar energy input required to produce 2000J/s.

State the formula that you use and show your working.

formula efficiency = (useful) (energy) output/(energy) input ;

working

energy input = 2000/0.2 = 10000J/s ;

[2]

(iv) The mass of the car is 750kg.

Calculate the kinetic energy of the car when it is travelling at 7m/s.

State the formula that you use and show your working.

formula (kinetic energy =) mv2;

working

= 750 7 7 = 18375J ;

[2]

0654/33/M/J/13 Q1 part
 12. Sugar cane is a food crop grown in Australia. It is harvested and then transported on small
trains to the processing plant.

Fig. 1.1 shows one of the trains carrying sugar cane.

(a) The mass of the engine and empty trucks is 20000kg and the mass of the sugar cane transported
is 10000kg.

The train travels at a speed of 0.5m/s.

(i) Calculate the kinetic energy of the loaded train.

State the formula that you use and show your working.

formula used (KE =) mv2;

working

= 30000 0.5 0.5 = 3750J ;

[2]

(ii) To travel at this speed, a driving force of 1000000N is needed.

Calculate the work done by the engine when the train travels 1km.

State the formula that you use and show your working.

formula used (work done =) force distance

working

= 1000000 1000= 1000000000J ;

[2]
(iii) It takes the train 5minutes to travel 1km. Calculate the power output of the engine.

State the formula that you use and show your working.

formula used (power =) work/time ;

working

= 1000000000/300 = 3300000W ;

[2]

(b) The water used to irrigate one sugar cane farm comes from a waterfall. The farmer attempts to
reconstruct an experiment which may have been carried out by James Joule in 1847.

Joule attempted to show that the water at the bottom of a waterfall was hotter than water at the
top of the waterfall. His reasoning was that the water had gravitational potential energy at the top
of the waterfall, which would be converted to kinetic energy as it fell. This kinetic energy would be
changed to heat energy when the water fell into the pool at the bottom of the waterfall.

(i) 1kg of water has 300J of gravitational potential energy at the top of the waterfall.

State the maximum kinetic energy that 1kg of water will have when it reaches the bottom of the
waterfall. Explain your answer.

maximum kinetic energy

explanation

300J AND all potential energy will be converted into kinetic energy/energy is conserved ;

[1]

(ii) Assuming that all the kinetic energy of the water is converted to thermal (heat) energy, calculate
the temperature rise in the 1kg of water. The specific heat capacity of water is 4200J/kgC.

State the formula that you use and show your working.

formula used (temperature change =) energy/mass shc ;

working

= 300/1 4200 ;

= 0.07C ;

[3]

0654/31/M/J/12 Q1
 13.

a) An athlete of mass 60kg jumps 1.3 metres vertically.

Calculate the work done by the athlete to achieve this height.

State the formula that you use and show your working. The gravitational field strength of the Earth
is 10N/kg.

formula used weight/force = 600N ;

(work done =) force x distance ;

working

= 600 1.3 = 780J ;

[3]

(b) Using your answer to part (a), state the gain in potential energy of the athlete when he jumps
1.3metres.

780J ;

[1]

(c) The work done in jumping vertically was completed in 0.5s.

Calculate the power developed. State the formula that you use and show your working.

formula used (power =) work/time ;

working

780/0.5 = 1560W ;

[2]

0654/31/O/N/12 Q4
(c) A car which is moving has kinetic energy. The faster a car goes, the more kinetic energy it has.

The kinetic energy of the car is 1120000J when the car is travelling at 40m/s.

Calculate the mass of the car.

State the formula that you use and show your working.

formula used KE = mv2 OR (m) = 2 KE/v2;

working

m= (2 1120000)/(40 40) = 1400 kg ;

[2]

(d) A driver is accompanied by four other passengers and their heavy luggage.

Explain how the addition of the passengers and luggage affects the braking of the car compared to
when the driver is alone in the car.

mass increases so KE/momentum increases ;

greater force needed (to reduce momentum)/longer braking time/distance needed (to reduce KE) ;

(accept reverse arguments)

[2]

(e) A car is moving along a road. The mass of the car is 1200kg and the resultant force acting on it is
1500N.

Calculate the acceleration of the car.

State the formula that you use and show your working.

formula used force = mass acceleration ;

working

acceleration = 1500/1200 = 1.25 m/s2;

[2]

0654/32/M/J/12 Q4 part
 14.

(a) Describe how heat energy is used to turn the generator in a power station.

Name the equipment used at each stage of this process.

heat energy turns water into steam/heats CO2;

steam/kinetic energy, drives turbine (which drives generator) ;

[2]

0654/33/O/N/12 Q12

15.

(b) Water waves are a renewable energy resource.

Outline two advantages of using renewable energy resources.

less fossil fuels used up/fossil fuels are conserved ;

no emissions causing acid rain ;

no CO2 emissions/greenhouse gases ;

(reduced) greenhouse effect/global warming/consequences e.g. climate change/changed weather

patterns etc.;

0654/31/M/J/13 Q2 part

[2]