1.

The main concept behind doing research is to

Select one:
a. study and explore knowledge
b. start with a predefined and clear-cut objectives
*c. get get new ideas
d. define clear objectives
e. all the

2.In order to begin research, one must

Select one:
a. have a well defined research method
b. start with a number of clear goals
c. solve the research problem
*d. start with a number of predefined objectives

3.Doing research requires drafting a working outline, which is

Select one:
a. having a predefined and clear-cut objective(s)
b. none of the above
c. having a clear idea about the research problem solution
*d. planning to get answers for what, why & where type of questions

4.Research is considered to be more than just a way of skills, it is

Select one:
a. the research methods used within the research methodology
*b. planning to what, why and where type of questions to determine a goal
c. discovering the relationship between variables
d. a way of critical thinking about professional aspects of related to your work

5.Research aims for finding answers to questions it implies

Select one:
a. using valid and reliable methods and techniques
b. a framework of philosophies
*c. all the above
d. an unbiased design

6.Research philosophies refers to

Select one:
a. ideas to discover
b. correct procedures in the discipline
c. objectives to consider in the research process
*d. approaches and the discipline

7.In order to make the research reliable, it requires that

Select one:
a. the solution to the research problem is known in advance
*b. repeatability and accuracy are provided for the quality of measurement
procedures used
c. there is no deliberate attempt to either to conceal or highlight something
d. quantitative and qualitative methods are to be used

8.In order to make the research unbiased, it requires that

Select one:
*a. there is no deliberate attempt to either to conceal or highlight something
b. the solution to the research problem is known in advance
c. quantitative and qualitative methods are to be used
d. repeatability and accuracy are provided for the quality of measurement
procedures used
9. The main difference between research and non-research is
Select one:
*a. the utilization of of acceptable scientific methodology to solve problems to
create new knowledge
b. the type of skills we use to discover something
c. all the above
d. the quantitative and qualitative methods that are to be used

10.Prediction refers to which of the following:

Select one:
a. Anything that precedes another thing
b. Reasoning whereby two objects are assumed to be similar
c. A measure of success of a test, for test, rule, principal or theory
*d. A statement about what will be observed before it actually occurs

11.Phase of conception is composed of:

Select one:
a. None of these
*b. Formulation, literature review, theoretical construction an hypothesis
c. Experimentation and conclusion
d. Hypothesis and testing of hypothesis

12.Criteria of a person who is able to formulate scientific problem are:

Select one:
a. Creative person
*b. All of these
c. Excellent memory
d. Non-conventional thinking

13.If something is testable, it involves which of the following?

Select one:
a. A repeated measured design
b. Research which has been collected under controlled conditions that will allow
any other researcher to replicate the research
*c. A scientific explanation that can be tested and potentially falsified
d. Research that involves cross-cultural study

14. The research problem is rejected when:

Select one:
a. The literature is very old
b. The literature is very recent
*c. The problem has been solved earlier
d. The problem has fruitful solution

15.Theoretical construction for solving the research problem requires:

Select one:
a. None of theses
b. There are technical difficulties
c. Research problem is not clearly defined
*d. Virtual model that will save time, money and decreases probability of stress
and mistakes during research

16.Characteristics of good hypothesis is:

Select one:
a. Is testable and measured
*b. A and B
c. None of these
d. Gives insight into research question
17.The hypothesis that the experimental treatment had no effect is called
Select one:
a. Alternative hypothesis
b. None of these
*c. Null hypothesis
d. Causal hypothesis

18.Empiric phase of research aims at:

Select one:
a. Analysis of results
b. Drawing of conclusion
c. None of these
*d. Collection of data

19.The outcome of what is being measured is termed:

Select one:
a. The independent variable
*b. The dependant variable
c. The predictor variable
d. The hypothetical variable

20.Analytical phase of research consists of:

Select one:
a. None of these
*b. Statistical analysis of data
c. Formulation of hypothesis
d. Collection of data

21.In deductive reasoning, thinking proceeds from:

Select one:
a. General assumption only
b. Specific application only
*c. General assumption to specific application
d. Specific application to general assumption

22. In inductive reasoning, conclusions are based on:

Select one:
*a. Specific application to general assumption
b. General assumption only
c. None of these
d. Specific application only

**23.Descriptive question refers to:

Select one:
a. To describe characteristics of particular group of subjects under study
*b. To make comparisons between groups
c. To investigate the degree to which two variables are associated with each other
d. None of these

24.Relationship question refers to:

Select one:
a. To describe characteristics of particular group of subjects under study
b. To make comparisons between groups
c. None of these
*d. To investigate the degree to which two variables are associated with each other

**25.Difference question refers to:

Select one:
*a. To make comparisons between groups
b. To describe characteristics of particular group of subjects under study
c. None of these
d. To investigate the degree to which two variables are associated with each other

26.To avoid experimenter bias, when the experimenter nor the participant is aware
of which group the participant is in, this is known as:
Select one:
a. Variable manipulation
b. Null hypothesis
*c. Double blind
d. Random assignment

**27.Basic research is:

Select one:
a. To solve immediate problem
*b. Fundamental research
c. None of these
d. In-depth description of situations

**28.Applied research is:

Select one:
a. In-depth description of situations
b. None of these
c. Fundamental research
*d. To solve immediate problem

**29.Qualitative research is:

Select one:
a. Fundamental research
b. None of these
*c. In-depth description of situations
d. To solve immediate problem

**30.Quantitative research is:

Select one:
a. None of these
b. Cause and effect relationship
c. In-depth description of situations
*d. Numerical and measurable

31.Which of the following is not applicable in survey research?

Select one:
a. Construct questions
b. Ask questions
c. Report results
*d. Construct hypothesis

32.Natural experiments involve:

Select one:
a. Observation studies
b. Collection of data from animal studies
*c. Collection of data from events that cannot usually be manipulated in the
laboratory
d. Data to be collected from naturist centres

33.The external validity of an experiment means that:

Select one:
*a. Results are generalisable to other populations
b. Experiments were performed in the open air
c. Results have been obtained from cross cultural studies
d. Results are replicable

34.Quantitative methods enable one to:

Select one:
a. Draw conclusions from studies on the basis of observation of behaviour
b. Draw conclusions from studies on the basis of the size of cohort
*c. Draw conclusions from studies on the basis of statistical inference
d. Draw conclusions from studies on the basis of self report questionnaires

35.Qualitative methods involved which of the following:

Select one:
a. Self analysis
b. Emphasizing mathematical analyses of data
c. Group analysis
*d. Verbal analysis of data

36.During experimentation informed consent should include which of the following:

Select one:
a. A description of the procedures the participant will encounter
*b. All of the above
c. The duration of the study
d. Details of the purpose of the experiment

37.Which of the following would occur in a longitudinal study:

Select one:
*a. Measures are taken from the same participants on different occasions usually
over extended periods of time
b. Measures are taken from participants in at least six different countries
c. Measures are taken from different participants over an extended period of time
d. Participation is expected to last for a minimum of 24 hours

38.Which of the following ethical violations occurs AFTER data has already been
collected?
Select one:
a. Plagiarism
b. Lying with statistics
*c. All of the above
d. Citing references incorrectly

39.____________ sampling refers to making observations at different time periods.

Select one:
a. Participant
b. Situation
*c. Time
d. Event

40.Clara has written a research report that contains little scientific jargon but
several emotional words. Clara has most likely engaged in a.
Select one:
a. correlational research
b. reliability analysis.
c. quantitative research
*d. qualitative research

41.Research method is not applicable to one of the following:

Select one:
*a. Application of scientific method
b. Valid procedures
c. Way of analyzing data
d. Way of collecting data

42.Keisha constructs a survey to determine what percentage of students at her

school have experienced a violent crime. Keisha is using a(n) _________ survey.
Select one:
a. pilot
b. analytic
c. demographic
*d. descriptive

43.Data management includes all of the following except:

Select one:
a. Case reports
*b. Sample size
c. Surveys
d. Computerized spreadsheets

44.Sample size determination in quantitative study requires the following criteria:

Select one:
a. Thoughtful approach to selection of a sample
b. Homogeneity of groups
c. None of these
*d. Level of precision

45.If you would like to determine how variables are related, you would use a(n)
________ survey.
Select one:
*a. analytic
b. demographic
c. pilot
d. descriptive

46.There are several approaches to determine the sample size which are as follows
except:
Select one:
*a. Using geometric series
b. Applying formula to calculate sample size
c. Using a census for small population
d. Using published tables

47.The research proposal should include one of the following sequence:

Select one:
a. Hypothesis, objectives, literature review, research problem
b. Research problem, objectives, literature review, hypothesis
*c. Research problem, objectives, hypothesis, literature review
d. Research problem, hypothesis, objectives, literature review

48.The basic guideline for data analysis requires the following except:
Select one:
*a. Detail description of data
b. Validation of the answers with data
c. Research flow chart referral
d. Identification of phenomena

49.Statistical data analysis is arguably most popular in:

Select one:
a. None of these
b. Arts
c. Law
*d. Pure and applied science

50.Preliminary testing that is done prior to the completion of a research project

is known as __________ testing.
Select one:
*a. pilot
b. Likert
c. descriptive
d. analytic