(CSERS)

CSERS
Centre for Solar Energy Research and Studies

Seminar on :

"THE CURRENT R & D ACTIVITIES RELATED

TO WIND ENERGY IN LIBYA AND CSERS
EFFORTS"

By :

H. I. ABUSANNUGA & O.F. BADRI

hashem_ebrahim@yahoo.com , omarfb10@yahoo.com

Date: Mar. 2010

 1- ABOUT LIBYA

z Area 1.76 million square kilometers.

z Coast line on the Mediterranean 2000Km.
z Populations 6 million.
z Exports are : Oil & Natural gas
2- CSERS IN LIBYA

The Center for Solar Energy Research and

Studies (CSERS) is the main renewable energy R&D
organization in Libya. CSERS was founded in 1978.
CSERS is tasked with undertaking research activities
and applied studies, and promoting the utilization of
renewable energy.
 3- INTRODUCTION

z Wind Energy: advantages

Free of charge.
Non pollutant .
Non-hazardous.
z Wind Turbines: types & components
H.A.W.T

HAWT
Multi-blade W.T.
WINDMILL
 V.A.W.T

DARRIEUS
H-DARRIEUS
SAVONIUS
 Wind Turbine Components
z Power in the Wind

1
( )
PE = . . V . A.C P .G . E
3

2
 4- CSERS POTENTIALS

z Wind Turbine (LMW 1003).

Small size.
Application : battery charging
z LMW 1003 : technical data
Output power 1100 w Generator :
Wind speed:
Type P.M.G. low speed , 12-pole
Cut in 2.5m/sec
Rated 7m/sec Rated output 600w

Cut off 60m/sec Maximum output 1100w

Rotor blades:
Voltage 12 120 V DC
Number 3
Frequency 0-75Hz
Diameter 3.0m
Speed at rated 320rpm Out put control Voltage regulator + rectifier
output
Drive none
Maximum speed 775rpm
Speed control Inclined hinged vane Yaw system Passive aligned by tail vane
Hub type rigid
Braking mechanism Electrical brake
Blade material Fibre-glass reinforced
polyester Hub height 17m
Airfoil NACA4418
z Wind Turbine (w/g 910 (marine)).
Small size.
Application : battery charging.

z w/g 910 : technical data

Output power 50watt

Cut in speed 1.8m/sec

Rated speed 8m/sec

Diameter propeller 90cm

z Wind Tunnel (8420)
Its basically design as test equipment for
calibration of wind sensors.
Open-circuit / Close-test section.
z WT (8420): technical data
Meas. range 0.15...50 m/s

According Reynolds number: 0.65 x 104...2.15 x 106

(at pa=1013 hPa and t=20C)

Degree of turbulence: at v= 3 m/s: 0.4 %

(measured in tunnel cross at v=10 m/s: 0.4 %
section wit h resolution 0.5 Hz) at v=40 m/s: 0.3 %

Drive power: approx. 40 kW

Test section area 0.6 x 0.652 m

z Wind Energy Converter Testing Station
The definition face be ended
The main objective of the test station is to test
and evaluate small and medium sized WECS
with respect to mechanical, electrical and
environmental characteristics, including the
quantity and the quality of energy production
for WECS.
 The test station will satisfy the tests in
the follow flow chat.
Mechanical parameters Environmental parameters Electrical parameters

- RPM of Rotor. -Noize.

-Power factor.
-EMI.
- Shaft mechanical -Electrical Power.
torque. -Current.
- Aerodynamic loads on -Voltage.
rotor blades and tower. -Frequency.
- Pitch actuation system Meteorological parameters -Harmonics.
- Rotor shaft pending -Flicker.
- Rotor shaft torsion -Grid protection.
- Loads on yaw system.
- Tower bending moment.
- Wind speed.
- Tower torsion.
- Wind direction.
-Vibrations on tower,
- Air pressure.
blades and rotor shaft.
- Air temperature.
- Mechanical power.
- Humidity.
- Stresses and fatigues on
- Rain.
rotor blades.
 Second Part Presentation

This part shows brief idea about the wind energy projects by
the CSERS as: "Wind Atlas in Libya", " Site Assessment of
Wind Farm in Libya" and "Collect and Analyze of Wind Data
at the CSERS Site". Also, the second part of presentation
shows the future projects in Libya.
Wind Energy projects in the
(CSERS)
wind Atlas in Libya.
In this project were collect the wind data available from 16 meteorological station in
Libya at 10 meters height, for ten years and these information shown in the form of
tables and graphs, this wind atlas will be very important for wind energy projects and
planning profitable wind farms in Libya.
TUNISIA Zwara Tripoli
Shahat Darna Tobrog
Naloot
Bengazi
Sirt

Gdabia
Gdames

Jaloo
Hoon El Jagbob

Sabha

ALGERIA El Kofra

NIGER

CHAD
 The table and the graphs shown below represent the average wind speed at
three different levels, In general the average wind speed in Libya is between
( 4 m/s to 8 m/s ).

Station Latitude Longitude Abovesee Averagewindspeedat Averagewindspeed Averagewindspeedat

level(m) (10meter)(m/s) at(50meter)(m/s) (100meter)(m/s)

Zwara 3253 1205 3 5.9 7.8 9

Sorman 3245 1235 23 6.3 8.1 9.5
Tripoliairport 3240 1309 80 5.8 7.6 9.1

Sirt 3112 1635 13 5.8 7.7 8.9

Gdabia 3043 2010 6 7.3 8.8 9.8
Bnena 3205 2016 38 6 8 9.4
Darna 3247 2234 25 7.4 9.4 10.6
Tobrog 3206 2355 50 7.2 9.2 10.4
Shahat 3249 2115 625 6.5 8.5 9.8
Gdames 3008 3009 357 5.7 7.4 8.7
Naloot 3152 1059 621 5.4 7 8.3
Sabha 2701 1426 432 6.2 8.2 9.8
Hoon 2908 1557 267 5.2 6.9 8.1
Jaloo 2902 2134 59 4.4 5.8 6.9
ElKofra 2413 2318 435 5.7 7.6 9
ElJagbob 2945 2432 2 4.2 5.5 5.9
 Daily wind speed average and power
available for Darna m

Period ( hours )

Monthly wind speed average and power

available for Darna m

Period (months)

Real Frequency Distribution for Darna

Wind speed period

Wind Rose for Darna m

 Create Area for Wind Energy Applications and
Test Systems at (CSERS) Site.
This project aims to create an area for wind applications and testing, this area containing two
wind turbines ( Type L.M.W 1003 and Marine w/g 910 ), the metrological station to test
these turbines and medium wind turbine will be installed in the future, in order to make it as
a reference for tests and for the benefit of researchers and students in the studies and projects
related to wind energy.
 Site Assessment Project to Create a Wind Farm
in Libya.
this project aims to assess the available capacity and energy produced from the wind in the
specific location by installing meteorological station of 50 meters length to provide all the
basic data to determine the type and number of wind energy conversion systems can be
installed also find the optimal distribution to obtain maximum benefit possible taken into
account the environmental and economic aspects to create a wind farm in Libya, and the
meteorological station will be installed at Abo Rshada zone near Gerian city.
( the pictures below shown the installation at Zwara city).
 Collect and Analyze of Wind Data at the
( CSERS ) Site Project.

This project consist for collect and analyze the wind

data recorded and processing these data by (Excel)
program and convert the results into graphs
represent ( the total daily pattern of wind speed for
the months of the year, the average wind speed and
average maximum wind speed, monthly and
annually wind speed average, The monthly and
annually wind rose for the year , the standard
deviation , degree of turbulence , shape and scale
factors , real frequency distribution , Idealized wind
histogram_weibull distribution, real cumulative
distribution, cumulative weibull distribution, finally
the annual capacity of wind turbine type LMW 1003
which is installed in (CSERS) site..
 The Results

The table and the graph shown below is the total daily
pattern of wind speed for the months of the year

Month 0:00 3:00 6:00 9:00 12:00 15:00 18:00 21:00 Wind speed (m/s)
1 3.2 3.4 3.7 4.1 4.2 3.8 2.7 3 5.0
2 2.9 3.2 3.5 3.1 3.2 3.9 2.4 2.4 4.5
3 3.4 3.8 4 4.2 5 5.2 3.3 2.9 4.0
4 3.1 3.6 4 4.2 4.7 4.7 4 2.8 3.5
5 3 3.1 3 4.2 5.2 5.5 5.5 3.5
3.0
6 2.5 2.7 2.3 4 4.8 5.7 5.4 3.3 2.5
7 2.3 2.3 2 2.8 3.9 4.5 3.9 2.2
2.0
8 1.8 1.6 1.8 2.8 4.1 5.3 4.8 3.1
1.5
9 2.6 2.7 2.5 3 3.9 4.7 4.2 2.8
1.0
10 2.7 2.7 2.7 3.4 3.8 4.4 3.3 2.7
0.5
11 2.3 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.8 3.1 1.8 1.9
0.0
12 3.6 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.8 4.0 2.6 2.9
Average 00:00 04:48 09:36 14:24 19:12 00:00
wind speed 2.7 2.95 3 3.5 4.2 4.57 3.65 2.79 Period (hour)
 The average wind speed and average maximum wind speed for
three months in the year 2009.
 Monthly and Annually Wind Speed Average in 2009.

From the table we can see the maximum average wind speed was in May
(4.2 m/s), and the annual average wind speed was (3.4 m/s) for 2009.

December November October September August July June May April March February January Month
3.7 2.5 3.2 3.3 3.2 2.9 3.8 4.2 3.9 4 3.1 3.5 Average
Wind
Speed

Wind speed (m/s)

4.5
4.0
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Period (month)
 Wind Rose in 2009.

We note from the figure that most of the wind comes from the north-east to
the south-west for Tajura city.

330 15 0 30

10 60
300
5

270 0 90

240 120

210 150
180
 Real Frequency Distribution and Weibull Distribution.

v (m/s) f(V)% V(weibull) f(V)weibull 30

0.5 5.703060293 1 10.8261232
1.5 17.48469682 2 21.1676625
25
2.5 23.22087005 3 23.98066029
3.5 22.57339899 4 19.50752279
20
4.5 16.42299632 5 12.47937298
5.5 7.958187135 6 6.544642243
15
6.5 3.579904413 7 2.911909056
7.5 1.963697235 8 1.181337667
10
8.5 0.748757668 9 0.476761355
9.5 0.242877915 10 0.197140647
5
10.5 0.079151732 11 0.080932
11.5 0 12 0.031841853
12.5 0 13 0.01179453 0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
13.5 0 14 0.004083293
14.5 0 15 0.001317259 -5

15.5 0.022401434 16 0.000395541 practical distribution w eibull distribution

100
 Real Cumulative Distribution and Cumulative Weibull
Distribution.

v (m/s) F(v)% v (m/s) F(V)%PRACTICAL 120

1 4.97423552 1 5.703060293
2 21.40148638 2 23.18775711
100
3 44.70897825 3 46.40862716
4 66.87938707 4 68.98202615
80
5 82.89350433 5 85.40502247
6 92.2314406 6 93.3632096
7 96.76844893 7 96.94311402 60

8 98.69399926 8 98.90681125
9 99.46892731 9 99.65556892 40
10 99.78517792 10 99.89844683
11 99.91600021 11 99.97759857 20
12 99.96885924 12 99.97759857
13 99.98915283 13 99.97759857
0
14 99.99646406 14 99.97759857 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
15 99.99892325 15 99.97759857
"F(v)" "F(v)practical"
16 99.99969389 16 100
 The annual Capacity of Wind Turbine Type L.M.W 1003
Which is Installed in (CSERD) Site.
power curve
wind speed bin Power output annual energy
(m/sec) Hours per year (W) (WH) 1100
1050
1000

P(W)
1 452 0 0 950
900
850
800

2 1334 0 0 750
700
650
600
3 1806 90 162540 550
500
450

4 1841 195 358995 400

350
300
250

5 1352 300 405600 200

150
100
50
6 656 415 272240 0

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

7 301 540 162540 V (m/Sec)

8 169 675 114075

WH
9 65 790 51350 450000

400000
10 21 872 18312
350000
11 7 921 6447
300000
12 0 964 0
250000
13 0 1000 0
200000

14 0 1025 0 150000

15 0 1040 0 100000

16 2 1050 2100 50000

Total 8006 1554199 0

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
Wind speed (m/s)
 This figure illustrate the initial indications of the wind
speeds in Libya by (CUBE).
 Future Projects in Libya
There are many Projects Proposed in wind energy field in Libya in the next
years, Especially in agriculture as water pumping by wind turbines also planning
many wind farms, The Renewable Energy Authority of Libya is responsible to
implementation of these projects to make the wind energy into the main stream
of the national energy supply system to contribution of the electricity demand
by the year 2020.

Darna Wind Farm (60 MW)
This project consists of 70
turbines, the capacity of
each turbine is [ 850 KW],
Total cost 175 mil LYD
Tarhona Wind Farm (50 MW)
This project consists of 50
turbines, the capacity of each
turbine is [ 1000 KW],
Total cost 145 mil LYD
El Magron Wind Farm (120 MW)
This project consists of 120
turbines, the capacity of each
turbine is [ 1000 KW].
Total cost 320 mil LYD

Mesilata Wind Farm (50 MW)

This project consists of 50
turbines, the capacity of each
turbine is [ 1000 KW],
Total cost 145 mil LYD
 conclusion
There is a good potentiality for wind energy which can be used in different
applications in Libya.

Number of projects are progressing in the wind energy field.

Libya can be considered as a place with high potentiality for renewable

energy production.

There is a national plan has been adopted to rise the share of renewable
energy to 10% by the year 2020.
Thank you for your attention