10.11.2.1 Weisbach triangle method This appears to be the most popular method in civil engineering. Two wires, W, and W:, are suspended vertically in a shaft forming a very small base line (Figure 10.34). The principle is to ‘obtain the bearing and coordinates of the wire base relative to the surface base. These values can then be transferred to the underground base. ‘In order to establish the bearing of the wire base at the surface, it is necessary to compute the angle WJ; in the triangle as follows: (10.1) As the Weisbach triangle is formed by approximately aligning the Weisbach station WW, with the wires, the angles at #Y, and #2 are very small and equation (10.1) may be written: Wa Ws (10.2) {The expression is accurate to seven figures when W, < 18" and to six figures when JW, <45'.) fn Fig. 10:34 {0} Seon, and (b) planFrom equation (16.2) it can be seen thatthe observational error in angle #¥, will be multiplied by the fraction w,/r, Its effect will therefore be reduced if w2/, is less than unity. Thus the theodolite at 1, should be asnear the front wire 1; as focusing will permit and preferably at a distance smaller than the wire base WHF. The following exzmple, using simplified data, will now be worked to illustrate the procedure, With reference to Figure 10.34(6), the following field data is obtained: (1) Surface observations Angle BAW, = 90°00'00" Distance IF ‘Angle AW,l; =260°00'00" Distance ITF, Angle Mila; =0°01'20" ‘Distance WIF, (2) Underground observations Angle F3W,I7, =0°01"S0” Distance WH, ‘Angle Fie =200°00' 00” Distance 17,1 WAT = 240°00' 00" Solution of the surface Weisbach triangle: Angle Wf Halt = 5 x 80" = 40" Similarly, underground Angle WiFi, = 7h x 110" = 44" ‘The bearing of the underground base XY, relative to the surface base 48 is now computed (using angle 24073) [nttpi//Civildatas.blogspot.in] see Figure 10.35(a) | see Figure 10.35(6) 200°00' 00"sum = 518°59'56” 180° WCB XY = 338°59°56" | (underground base) “The transfer of bearing is of prime importance: the coordinates can be obtained in the usual way by incorporating all the measured lengths 8, AW, WX, XY.