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(a) Find the eigenvectors {1 , 2 , 3 }, scale them so that the first component of each is equal
to one.
(b) Show that {1 , 2 , 3 } are not orthogonal, but that they are linearly independent.
Hint: Calculate the dot products i j . Recall the definition: vectors are linearly indepen-
dent if c1 1 + c2 2 + c3 3 = 0 only for c1 = c2 = c3 = 0. One test for this is to calculate a
determinant, explain.
(c) Find the adjoint eigenvectors { 1 , 2 , 3 }. Scale them so that the first component of each
is equal to one.
P
(d) Determine the expansion coefficients ck and compute the solution u = ck k .
(a) Show that the real inner product (x y) does not satisfy the norm property for complex
vectors.
Hint: What happens for the vector x = (1, i)T ?
(b) Let x = (a + ib, c + id)T , where a, b, c, d are real numbers. Show that the complex inner
product is a norm, with |x|2 = hx, xi 0.
(c) How is the value of the complex inner product hx, yi related to the value of hy, xi?
(d) If A is a matrix with complex entries, what is the formula for the adjoint A with respect
to the complex inner product? How are the adjoint eigenvalues k related to the k of A?
i 1
(e) Find {k , k , k } for A = and show that 1 2 and 2 1 .
2 i+2
(f) Problem 5.5A.6, page 183.
Hint: For (a) consider the complex inner product of the matrix times an eigenvector against
the same eigenvector, and consider what happens when you factor a constant out of the inner
product (from the first vs. second factor) to end up showing that (k k ) = 0. This works
for both complex-Hermitian matrices and real-symmetric matrices.
(continued )
3. Linear algebra with a different inner product