128-bed Mother and Child Care Hospital, Murree, Pakistan

Peer Review of Structural Design

Annex C: Structural Design Criteria

version 18.08.17
MOTHER AND CHILD CARE HOSPITAL STRUCTURAL DESIGN CRITERIA
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MOTHER & CHILD CARE HOSPITAL MURREE HILLS

STRUCTURAL DESIGN CRITERIA

1.0 GENERAL

The structural Design criteria describes general design requirements applicable

to the structural design of the building elements and foundation, thereof to
ensure adequate strength for the whole structure and all parts, for safe support
of all superimposed live and equipment loads in addition to the dead loads.

The whole building and its components for the captioned project will be
analyzed for all phases of construction for a high degree of structural
competency, reliability and ease of construction, as per the various standards
and codes as described below.

2.0 DESIGN LOADS

2.1 DEAD LOADS

2.1.1 Dead loads are the vertical loads due to the weight of all permanent
structural and non-structural components of the building, such as walls,
built-in and moveable partitions, floors, roofs and finishes including all
other permanent construction.

2.1.2 Dead loads shall be calculated from the unit weights of the actual known
specific weights of the materials used.

Material Type Unit Weight (Ibs/ft3)

Concrete 150
Water 62.4
Soil 120
Hollow Block Masonry 100
Steel 490

(i) Roof Finishes as per architectural drawings

(ii) Floor Finishes as per architectural drawings

(iii) Block Masonry Partition Walls as per architectural drawings

2.2 LIVE LOADS

2.2.1 Live loads include loads due to intended use and occupancy of an area,
personnel, lateral earth pressures, vehicle and impact loadings.
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2.2.2 For the subject project, floor live loads as per occupancy and intended
use requirements, are as given in Table-2. Live loads given in the table
are the minimum live loads for the design of the listed areas. For any
other area not listed, minimum design live loads shall be as listed in
Table 11.2 of the Building Code of Pakistan.

Car Parking 50 psf

Hospital Rooms 40 psf
Driveways 60 psf
Toilets 40 psf
Stairs and Landings 100 psf
Corridors 100/80 psf
Lobbies, Lounges and Prayer Halls 100 psf

2.3 SEISMIC LOADS

The project site (Murree Hills) is located in an active seismic zone and
corresponds to Zone 3 (Z = 0.3) of Building Code of Pakistan, Seismic Provisions
2007/Uniform Building Code 1997. Seismic loads will be computed according
to UBC-1997. Whole building structure and its components shall be analyzed
and designed to withstand lateral forces caused by seismic loads. The framing
system considered is special moment resisting frame. The values of seismic
parameters used are as follows.

R = 8.5
Ct = 0.03
Importance Factor = 1.25
Soil Profile Type = SB

2.4 SNOW LOADS

Snow load acting on a slopping roof shall be calculated as per requirements of

ASCE 7-10 standard Minimum Design loads for Building and other structures.
The sloped roof snow load will be obtained by multiplying the flat roof snow
load by the roof slope factor.

3.0 LOAD COMBINATIONS

The various load cases applied to structures in combination with the required
strength factors. The load combination producing the maximum resultant
forces and moments shall be adopted for the design of structural members.
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Concrete Structures
Ref. ACI 318-14/ UBC 1997

1. U = 1.4 D
2. U = 1.2 D+ 1.6 L
3. U = 1.2 D+ 1.6 L + 1.6 H + 0.5 S
4. U = 1.2 D+ 1.0 L + 1.6 S
5. U = 1.2 D+ 1.0 L + 1.0 E + 0.2 S
6. U = 0.9 D+ 1.0 E + 1.6 H

Load combinations for sanitary engineering structures shall be in accordance with

recommendations of UBC and ACI.

Notations

D = Dead Load
L = Live Load
H = Earth Pressure
E = Earthquake Load
S = Snow Load
U = Required ultimate strength for concrete structures to resist design loads
or their related internal moments and forces as defined in ACI 318-14.

4.0 STRUCTURAL FRAMING

Structural elements e.g. slabs, beams columns and pile foundation are
combined in various ways to create structural systems for the building. For the
selection of a suitable framing system for a building, the determining factors
are:
Appearance, functional and aesthetic requirements.
Limitations on the size of structural members as imposed by
architectural design and practical constraints on the basis of structural
considerations.
Clear spans and height required.
Loads, including special loads.
Economy, not merely in structural system but also the overall economy
in the finished structure.
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5.0 MATERIAL PROPERTIES

5.1 REINFORCING STEEL

5.1.1 All reinforcing steel used as principal reinforcement, links and ties shall
be hot rolled high yield deformed bars conforming to ASTM A615, having
minimum yield strength of 60,000 psi.

5.1.2 Bar spacing, splices and reinforcement covers shall conform to the ACI
318-14 Code requirements.

5.2 CONCRETE

5.2.1 The minimum compressive cylinder strength of structural concrete for all
structural members shall be 4000 psi at 28 days.

5.2.2 The minimum compressive cylinder strength of blinding concrete shall be

1500 psi at 28 days.

5.2.3 Adequate protection shall be given to concrete against direct exposure

to earth and to possible physical damage at locations like vehicle
entrances by use of bitumen coating, corner angles, bollards etc.

5.3 HOLLOW CONCRETE BLOCK MASONRY

The minimum compressive strength of hollow concrete blocks shall be

1000 psi.

6.0 ANALYSIS

For structural analysis and design a three dimensional (3-D) computer model for
whole of the building structure including Pile foundation shall be developed. In
order to cater for the soil structure interaction the soil & Pile shall be modeled
in the form of soil as provided in the geotechnical report.

After developing three dimensional (3-D) computer models from the basic
structural system components and assigning material properties, the model
shall be subjected to all possible static and dynamic loads i.e. dead, live, earth
pressure, snow and earthquake.

The analysis and design shall be carried out by using following computer
software packages:

a. ETABS - Nonlinear Version 9.74

Extended 3-D Analysis of Building Systems
A product of: Computers & Structures Inc.
(Berkeley, CA 94704)
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b. SAP-2000 - Linear and Non-linear

Static and Dynamic Analysis and
Design of three-dimensional Structures.
Developed by Computers and Structures
Inc. Berkeley, California (U.S.A)

c. STAAD- Pro - Structural Analysis and Design

Developed by Research Engineer
International Yorka Linda, California (U.S.A)

6.1 DEFLECTION

The vertical deflection and lateral displacement of any structural component

shall be limited by the values set forth in ACI 318-14 Code.

6.2 DESIGN

All reinforced concrete components of the building shall be designed by the

ultimate strength design method, as defined in ACI 318-14, except the liquid
retaining or sanitary engineering structures which shall be designed and
detailed based on method as recommended by ACI committee 350R-01.

7.0 CODES AND REFERENCES

The design, fabrication and erection shall in general conform to the latest
editions of the following codes which are to be applied with proper engineering
judgment.

7.1 BCP Building Code of Pakistan: Seismic Provisions- 2007

7.2 ACI-318-14 Building Code Requirements for Reinforced

Concrete

7.3 UBC 97 Uniform Building Code

7.4 ASCE 7-10 Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and other
Structures"
7.5 ACI 350-01/ Code Requirements for Environmental Engineering
350R-01 Concrete Structures

7.6 ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials

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8.0 GEOTECHNICAL PARAMETERS

Geotechnical parameters for the building as mentioned in geotechnical

investigation report are as follows:

Foundation type Pile Foundation

Foundation Soil/Rock Type Shale with siltstone and sandstone
Allowable Axial Load Capacity As per Charts

Drained Shear
Bulk Unit
Strength Parameters
Description Weight, b
c
(lb/ft3)
(lb/ft2) (deg)

Overburden (Silty Clay/Clayey Silt) 125 0 25

Alternate beds of Shale, Siltstone &

135 1000 30
Sandstone