Republic of Yemen Electric Machines 1

Sanaa University Experiment No. 2

Faculty of Engineering

Experiment.2.
Load (External) characteristics of D.C separately exited Generator
Objective:
To connect the separately exited generator to an external load, to run at normal speed and obtain its
external characteristic.
Tools of Experiment:
- 2 x Shunt wound machines.
- 1 x Tacho generators.
- 5 x AVOmeters.
- 2 x DC power supplies.
- Variable load ( 0 1560 resistance ).
- Connection wires.

Connection Diagram:

Procedure:
1. The motor-generator set is arranged and connected to the DC supplies as shown in the figure.
2. The generator is run up to its normal speed by means of the shunt motor.
3. The speed is kept constant during experiment by means of the motor filed regulating resistance
RL.
4. With the generator at no load, its terminal voltage is adjusted to the rated value by adjusting Ifg
which will be kept constant after that.
5. To obtain the external characteristics a load resistance RL is connected and a series of readings
between zero load current.
6. Plot the relation between VL and IL.

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Republic of Yemen Electric Machines 1
Sanaa University Experiment No. 2
Faculty of Engineering

Results:

n (rpm) Vin (V) Iin (A) Ifg (A) IL (A) Vt (V)

2000 0.08 0
2000 0.08
2000 0.08 0.63

Graph:
Draw the relationship between Vt (Y-axis) and IL (X-axis).
Load (External) characteristics of D.C separately exited Generator
Conclusion:
Write what you concluded in this experiment.
# Notes:
- The load internal characteristics is a relationship between the generated voltage Eg and the
armature current Ia.
Eg = Vt + IL Ra & Ia = IL

- The voltage regulation formula is , % = %

Discussion:
1. Comment on the shape of the curves you have obtained and state why a DC separately excited
generator is called a constant voltage generator.
2. If the generators armature resistance is 50 , use its value to obtain the internal characteristics.
3. Why does the internal voltage (load voltage) decrease with increase of the load current?
4. If the load resistance RL is 800 , show how you can locate the operating point on the external
characteristics.
5. Determine the value of generator voltage regulation at full load.
6. Although at no load the value of IL is zero, Ii have a certain value called the no load current, i.e. at
zero output power there is a small amount of input power, comment on this result.

Prepared by:
Dr. Radhwan Albuthaigy
Eng. Osama Asham

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