Answers to Quick Questions

Chapter 1

1 Magnesia, lime, soda, potash and barytes are all the names of compounds.

2 Any one of H2, N2, O2 or a halogen.

3 Any one of the noble gases.

4 45

5 3

6 3

7 24, 25 and 26

8 The ions represented in Figure 1.6 are formed by the loss of one electron from a
magnesium atom. But, the mass of one electron is negligible compared to the mass of
the whole atom.

9 8:1:1

10 a 12, b 2

11 Cu

12 Because they are relative to the mass of one twelfth of a carbon-12 atom.

13 a 2, b 76.2, c 98.1

14 a 134.5, b 148.3, c 277.9

15 a 0.25, b 0.1, c 0.1

16 a 2.0 1023 g, b 63.5 g, c 51.55 g, d 24.0 g

17 a 0.77 1023, b 1.20 1023, c 7.22 1024

18 a 0.179 g and 0.445 g, b 4.46 103 mol and 4.63 103 mol
c 2.68 1021 ions and 2.79 1021 ions

19 a 28, 29 and 30
92 5 3
b 28 + 29 + 30 = 25.76 + 1.45 + 0.90 = 28.11
100 100 100
c They have slightly different percentages of the three isotopes.

Chemistry in Context 6th Edition Answers 1

20 Relative masses C : H = 0.92 : 0.077
0.92 0.077
Relative moles C : H = :
12 1
= 0.077 : 0.077 = 1 : 1
Empirical formula = CH

21 a 2Cu + O2 2CuO
b 4K + O2 2K2O
c 2Na + 2H2O 2NaOH + H2
d Mg + 2HCl MgCl2 + H2
e CuO + H2SO4 CuSO4 + H2O
f 2H2 + O2 2H2O

22 a 183.5
b 63.5 g
c 183.5 g CuFeS2 gives 63.5 g Cu
63.5
1000 g CuFeS2 gives 1000 g
183.5
So, 1000 kg CuFeS2 gives 346.0 kg Cu

23 2 2FeCl3
a 2Fe + 3Cl
111.6 g Fe + 213 g Cl2 324.6 g FeCl3
213
1.86 g Fe reacts with 1.86 g Cl2 = 3.55 g Cl2
111 .6
324.6
b Mass of FeCl3 produced = 1.86 g = 5.41 g
111 .6

24 C11H24 + oxygen 11CO2 + water
156 g C11H24 484 g CO2
484
200 kg C11H24 200 kg CO2 = 620 kg CO2 per minute
156

25 Al2O3 2Al + 3/2O2

102 g
Al2O3 gives 54 g Al
54
1 kg Al2O3 gives kg Al = 0.53 kg Al
102

Chemistry in Context 6th Edition Answers 2

26 a 24 000 cm3 of Cl2 is 1 mol
1
960 cm3 of Cl2 = 960 mol = 0.04 mol
24000
b 24 dm3 CH4 = 1 mol
1
144 dm
3
CH4 = 144 = 6 mol
24
c 24000 cm3 O2 = 1 mol
1
120
cm3 O2 = 120 mol = 0.005 mol
24000

27 a 5 24 dm3 = 120 dm3 hydrogen.

6.4 6.4
b 6.4g O2= mol O2 = 24 dm3 = 4.8 dm3 O2
32 32

28 a C3H8(g) + 5O2(g) 3CO2(g) + 4H2O(l)

b 24 dm3 + 5 24 dm3 3 24 dm3 + negligible vol of liquid

1 vol + 5 vol 3 vol
2 dm3 + 10 dm3 6 dm3
So, 2 dm3 propane reacts with 10 dm3 oxygen to give 6 dm3 of CO2.

29 a Mr(CaCl2) = 111.1
22.22 0.2mol
Concn = mol in 0.5 dm3 = = 0.4 mol dm3
111 .1 0.5dm 3
b Mr((NH4)2SO4) = 132.1
39.63 0.3mol
Concn =
mol in 0.4 dm3 = = 0.75 mol dm3
132.1 0.4dm3
c Mr(CuSO4.5H2O) = 249.6
24.96 0.1mol
Concn =
0.25dm3 =
mol in = 0.4 mol dm3
249.6 0.25dm3

30 a 3 dm3 of 3.0 mol dm3 NaOH = 9 mol = 9 mol 40g mol1 = 360 g
200 cm3 of 0.2 mol dm3 H2SO
b 4
200
= dm3 0.2 mol dm3 = 0.04 mol
1000
Mass of H2SO4 = 0.04 mol 98.1 g mol1 = 3.92 g

Chemistry in Context 6th Edition Answers 3

 50
c 50 cm3 of 2 mol dm3 K2CO3 = dm3 2 mol dm3 = 0.1 mol
1000
Mass of K2CO3 = 0.1 mol 138.2 g mol1 = 13.82 g

31 a Ratio of masses Cu
: O = 3.81 : 0.48
3.81 0.48
Ratio of moles Cu : O = : = 0.06 : 0.03 = 2 : 1
63.5 16
Formula = Cu2O
Equation for the reaction is 4Cu(s) + O2(g) 2Cu2O(s)

25
32 25 cm3 N2 = mol
24000
50
50 cm3 O2 = mol
24000

Ratio of moles N2 : O2 = 1 : 2
Ratio of moles N : O = 1 : 2

Formula of gas = NO2
Equation is 2NO2(g) N2(g) + 2O2(g)

18
33 Moles H2SO4 = dm3 1.0 mol dm3 = 0.018 mol
1000
24
Moles NaOH = dm3 1.5 mol dm3 = 0.036 mol
1000

2 mol NaOH react with 1 mol H2SO4
Equation is 2NaOH(aq) + H2SO4(aq) Na2SO4(aq) + 2H2O(l)

34 a Fe(s) + 3Cl2(g) 2Fe3+(Cl)3(s)
b Zn(s) + 2H+(aq) + 2NO3(aq) Zn2+(aq) + 2NO3(aq) + H2(g)
c 2Na(s) + 2H2O(l) 2Na+(aq) + 2OH(aq) + H2(g)
d 2K+(aq) + 2OH(aq) + 2H+(aq) + SO42(aq) 2K+(aq) + SO42(aq) + 2H2O(l)

Chemistry in Context 6th Edition Answers 4