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UNIDAD 3
ALUMNAS:
YARANI MATEO SANTIAGO
JENY CEBALLOS BENITEZ
CARRERA:
INGENIERIA QUIMICA
TAREA
EQUIPO:
7
FECHA:
18/10/17
TECNOLGICO NACIONAL DE MXICO
2.2 una planta qumica para producir propileno, con una capacidad de 50,000
T/ao, requiere una inversin de 30 millones de dlares. Se desea instalar un
proceso de 40,000 T/ao de capacidad. El costo actual de materias primas es
de 10 c/lb, el costo de energa es de 3 c/lb. Si la compaa establece una tasa
de retorno minima de 20% Cul es la ganancia esperada del proceso, en c/lb
de producto? Indique cualquier suposicin que haga.
SOLUCION
Suponemos aos.
6)
40,000 0.6
1977 = ($30 10 ( ) = 26.24 106 $
50,000
322.7
1986 = (26.24 106 $/) ( ) = 41.48 106 $/
204.1
Costo de materia prima
$
22.026 $
(10 ) ( ) (40,000 ) = 8.81 106
1
Consumo de energia
$
22.026 $
(0.06 ) (3 ) ( ) (40,000 ) = 0.1585872 106
1
TECNOLGICO NACIONAL DE MXICO
Costo de operacin
$ $
= (0.05)(41.48 106 $/) + 8.81 106 + 0.1585872 106
$
= 12.06 106
Ventas
$
22.026 $
= (40,000 ) (10 ) ( ) = 8.81 106
1
Utilidad bruta
$ $
= 8.81 106 11.04 106
TECNOLGICO NACIONAL DE MXICO
Informacion de la tecnologia
Materias primas
Consumo Precio
Etileno 0.88 T/T Producto 21 c/lb
Oxigeno 1.1 T/T Producto 2 c/lb
SOLUCION
$
= 58.5 106
$ 100,000 0.6 $
= (58.5 106 )( ) = 48.64 106
136,000
$ 390.6 $
= (48.64 106 )( ) = 93.08 106
204.1
$
22.026 $
= (0.88 ) (21 ) ( ) (100,000 ) = 40.70 106
1
$
22.026 $
= (1.1 ) (2 ) ( ) (100,000 ) = 4.84 106
1
$ $ $
= 40.70 106 + 4.84 106 = 45.54 106
$ $
= (1.8 ) (100,000 ) = 180,000
Costo de operacin
$ $ $ $
= (0.05) (93.08 106 ) + 45.54 106 + 180,000 = 50.374 106
Ventas
$
22.026 $
= (48 ) (
) (100,000 ) = 105.72 106
1
Utilidad bruta
$ $ $
= 105.72 106 50.374 106 = 55.35 106
Utilidad neta
TECNOLGICO NACIONAL DE MXICO
$ $
= 55.35 106 (0.10) (93.08 106 )
$ $
(0.50) (55.35 106 (0.10) (93.08 106 ))
$
= 23.021 106
a) Ganancia en c/lb
$ 1 $
= (23.021 106 )( ) = 230.21
100,000
$ 1 100
(230.21 ) ( )( ) = 10.4640
2200 1$
b) Precio de venta
$
105.72 106 $
= ( ) = 1057.2
100,000
$ 1 100
= (1057.2 )( )( ) = 48.05 /
2200 1$
TECNOLGICO NACIONAL DE MXICO
PROCESO 1
Balance de materia
Coeficiente Precio
Coeficiente Precio
Suponga una tasa mnima de retorno del 20%. Si necesita hacer otras
suposiciones, indquelas explcitamente
Solucin
Proceso 1
6
40000 0.6 $
= (20.93 10 $) ( ) = 29.17 106
23000
$ 390.6 $
= (29.17 106 )( ) = 55.82 106
204.1
$
22.026 $
= (0.92 ) (7 ) ( ) (40000 ) = 5.67 106
1
$
22.026 $
= (0.47 ) (10.7 ) ( ) (40000 ) = 4.43 106
1
$
22.026 $
= (0.13 ) (27.5 ) ( ) (40000 ) = 3.14 106
1
TECNOLGICO NACIONAL DE MXICO
$ $ $ $
= 5.67 106 + 4.43 106 + 3.14 106 = 13.24 106
Subproducto
$
22.026 $
= (0.72 ) (20 ) ( ) (40000 ) = 12.68 106
1
$ $
= (0.06 ) (61.77 ) (40000 ) = 148248 = 0.148248 106
Costo de operacin
$ $
(0.05) (55.82 106 ) + 25.92 106
$ $ $
= (0.05) (55.82 106 ) + 13.24 106 + 0.148248 106 12.68
$ $
106 = 3.49 106
Ventas
$
22.026 $
= (35 ) ( ) (40000 ) = 30.83 106
1
Utilidad bruta
TECNOLGICO NACIONAL DE MXICO
$ $ $
= 30.83 106 3.49 106 = 27.34 106
Utilidad neta
$ $ $
= (27.34 106 ) (0.10) (55.82 106 ) 0.50 (27.34 106 )
$ $
(0.10) (55.82 106 ) = 10.879 106
Ganancia
$ 1 $
= (10.879 106 )( ) = 271.975
40000
$ 1 100
(271.975 ) ( )( ) = 12.3625
2200 1$
Proceso 2
6
40000 0.6 $
= (25.3 10 $) ( ) = 35.26 106
23000
$ 390.6 $
= (35.26 106 )( ) = 67.47 106
204.1
$
22.026 $
= (0.92 ) (7 ) ( ) (40000 ) = 5.67 106
1
TECNOLGICO NACIONAL DE MXICO
$
22.026 $
= (0.47 ) (10.7 ) ( ) (40000 ) = 4.43 106
1
$
22.026 $
= (0.13 ) (27.5 ) ( ) (40000 ) = 3.14 106
1
$ $ $ $
= 5.67 106 + 4.43 106 + 3.14 106 = 13.24 106
subproducto
$
22.026 $
= (0.72 ) (20 ) ( ) (40000 ) = 12.68 106
1
$ $
= (0.06 ) (109.42 ) (40000 ) = 262608 = 0.262608 106
Costo de operacin
$ $ $
= (0.05) (67.47 106 ) + 13.24 106 + 0.262608 106 12.68
$ $
106 = 4.19 106
Ventas
TECNOLGICO NACIONAL DE MXICO
$
22.026 $
= (35 ) ( ) (40000 ) = 30.83 106
1
Utilidad bruta
$ $ $
= 30.83 106 4.19 106 = 26.64 106
Utilidad neta
$ $ $
= (26.64 106 ) (0.10) (67.47 106 ) 0.50 (26.64 106 )
$ $
(0.10) (67.47 106 ) = 9.9465 106
Ganacias
$ 1 $
= 9.9465 106 ( ) = 248.6625
40000
$ 1 100
(248.6625 ) ( )( ) = 11.30
2200 1$
Balance de materia
Suponga una tasa de retorno de 30% y una vida del proceso de 10 aos.
Solucin:
$ $ $
1977 = (127,000 ) (120 ) = 15,240,000 = 15.24 106
0.6 0.6
2 $ 100,000
2 = 1 ( ) = (15,240,000 )( ) = 13,203,915.44 $
1
127,000
$
= 13.20 106
390.6 $ $
1999 = 13,203,915.44 ( ) = 25,269,227.69 = 25.26 106
204.1
$
22.026 $
= (0.67 ) (9 ) ( ) (100,000 ) = 13,281,678
1
$
= 13.28 106
$
22.026 $
= (0.38 ) (12 ) ( ) (100,000 ) = 10,043,856
1
$
= 10.04 106
$ $
= 13,281,678 + 10,043,856 = 23,325,534 = 23.32 106
f) Costo de energa
$
22.026 $ $
= (0.06 ) (8 ) ( ) (100,000 ) = 1,057,248 = 1.05
1
g) Costo de operacin
$ $ $
= (0.05) (25,269,227.69 ) + (23,325,534 ) + (1,057,248 )
$ $
= 25,646,243.38 = 25.64 106
TECNOLGICO NACIONAL DE MXICO
h) Ventas
$
22.026 $ $
= (15 ) ( ) (100,000 ) = 33,039,000 = 33.039 106
1
$ $ $ $
= (33,039,000 ) (25,646,243.38 ) = 7,392,756.62 = 7.39 106
E=d=0.10 t=0.50
$ $ $
= (7,392,756.62 ) (0.10) (25,269,227.69 ) (0.50) (7,392,756.62 )
$ $ $
(0.10) (25,269,227.69 ) = 2,432,916.925 = 2.43 106
1) Ganancia
$ 1 $
= (2,432,916.925 )( ) = 24.32916925
100,000
Convirtiendo en /lb
$ 1
= (24.32916925 ) ( ) = 1.104565933
$
22.026
2) Precio de venta
$
33,039,000 $
= = 330.39
100,000 /
$ 1 100
Precio unitario = (330.39 ) (2200 ) ( ) = 15.01
1$
TECNOLGICO NACIONAL DE MXICO
A1) instalar una planta de 136 KT de capacidad para producir cido actico,
que tiene un precio de venta de 20 /lb.
A2) instalar una planta de 345 KT de capacidad para producir amoniaco, que
tiene un precio de venta de 15 /lb.
Amoniaco
SOLUCION
1) Inversin base
Tecnologa
1.11 de isopropanol
0.04 de nitrgeno
Consumo de energa:
0.33 FOET/T
160 $/T
Precios
Parmetros econmicos
e = d = 0.1 t = 0.5 = .
SOLUCION:
$ $ $
1977 = (68,000 ) (160 ) = 10,880,000 = 10.88 106
0.6
$ 100,000
2 = (10,880,000 )( ) = 13,712,718.09 $ = 13.71 106 $
68,000
$ 390.6 $ $
1999 = (13,712,718.09 )( ) = 26,242,957.79 = 26.24 106
204.1
Isopropanol
$
22.026 $ $
(1.11 ) (34 ) ( ) (100,000 ) = 83,126,124 = 83.12 106
1
e) Consumo de energa
TECNOLGICO NACIONAL DE MXICO
$
22.026 $
= (0.33 ) (8 ) ( ) (100,000 ) = 5,814,864
1
$
= 5.81 106
f) Costo de operacin
$ $ $
= (0.05) (26,242,957.79 ) + 83,126,124 + 5,814,864
$ $
= 90,253,135.89 = 90.25 106
g) Ventas
$
22.026 $ $
= (100,000 ) (40 ) ( ) = 88,104,000 = 88.104 106
1
h) Utilidad bruta
$ $
= 88,104,000 90,253,135.89 =
Este proceso no funciona
TECNOLGICO NACIONAL DE MXICO
Balance de materia
SOLUCION:
$ $ $
1977 = (454,000 ) (190 ) = 86,260,000 = 86.26 106
0.6
$ 100,000
2 = (86,260,000 )( ) = 34,799,735.42 $ = 34.79 $
454,000
$ 390.6 $ $
1999 = (34,799,735.42 )( ) = 66,598,611.73 = 66.59 106
204.1
$
22.026 $
= (0.05 ) (9 ) ( ) (100,000 ) = 991,170
1
$
22.026 $
= (1.15 ) (25 ) ( ) (100,000 ) = 63,324,750
1
$
= 63.32 106
$
22.026 $
= (1.00 ) (22 ) ( ) (100,000 ) = 48,457,200
1
$
= 48.45 106
TECNOLGICO NACIONAL DE MXICO
$
22.026 $
= (0.05 ) (9 ) ( ) (100,000 ) = 991,170
1
$ $ $ $
= 991,170 + 63,324,750 + 48,457,200 + 991,170
$ $
= 113,764,290 = 113.76 106
$
22.026 $
= (0.32 ) (8 ) ( ) (100,000 ) = 5,638,656
1
$
= 5.63 106
i) Costo de operacin del proceso
$ $ $
= (0.05) (66,598,611.73 ) + 113,764,290 + 5,638,656
$ $
= 122,732,876.6 = 122.73 106
$ $ $
50 = (122,732,876.6 ) (0.5) = 61,366,438.3 = 61.36 106
TECNOLGICO NACIONAL DE MXICO
Inversin unitaria para una planta de 27 000 T (1977 $): 910 $/T
SOLUCION
$ $ $
1977 = (27,000 ) (910 ) = 24,570,000 = 24.57 106
TECNOLGICO NACIONAL DE MXICO
$ 20,000 0.6 $ $
2 = (24,570,000 )( ) = 20,521,301.23 = 20.52 106
27,000
$ 390.6 $ $
1999 = (20,521,301.23 )( ) = 39,273,004.71 = 39.27 106
204.1
$
22.026 $
= (1.19 ) (9 ) ( ) (20,000 ) = 4,717,969.2
1
$
= 4.71 106
$
22.026 $
= (1.00 ) (53 ) ( ) (20,000 ) = 23,347,560
1
$
= 23.34 106
$ $ $ $
= 4,717,969.2 + 23,347,560 = 28,065,529.2 = 28.06 106
f) Consumo de energa
$
22.026 $
= (0.15 ) (8 ) ( ) (20,000 ) = 528,624
1
TECNOLGICO NACIONAL DE MXICO
g) Costo de operacin
$ $ $
= (0.05) (39,273,004.71 ) + 28,065,529.2 + 528,624
$ $
= 30,557,803.44 = 30.55 106
h) Ventas
$
22.026 $ $
= (55 ) ( ) (20,000 ) = 24,228,600 = 24.22 106
1
i) Utilidad bruta
$ $
= 24,228,600 30,557,803.44 =
No funciona el proceso
TECNOLGICO NACIONAL DE MXICO
Balance de materia
Inversion unitaria para una planta de 23 KT de capacidad (1977 $): 550 $/T
SOLUCION
1) Inversion base
TECNOLGICO NACIONAL DE MXICO
$ $ $
1977 = (23,000 ) (550 ) = 12,650,000 = 12.65 106
0.6
$ 15000
2 = (12,650,000 )( ) = 9,788,329.476 $ = 9.78 106 $
23000
$ 390.6 $ $
1999 = (9,788,329.476 )( ) = 18,732,589.38 = 18.73 106
204.1
$
22.026 $ $
(1.64 ) (15 ) ( ) (15000 ) = 8,127,594 = 8.12 106
1 /)
$
22.026 $ $
(0.38 ) (73 ) ( ) (15000 ) = 9,165,018.6 = 9.16 106
1 /)
$ $ $ $
= 8,127,594 + 9,165,018.6 = 17,292,612.6 = 17.29 106
$
22.026 $
= (0.43 ) (8 ) ( ) (15000 ) = 1,136,541.6
1 /)
$
= 1.13 106
TECNOLGICO NACIONAL DE MXICO
6) Costo de operacin
$ $ $
= (0.05) (18,732,589.38 ) + 17,292,612.6 + 1,136,541.6
$ $
= 19,365,783.67 = 19.36 106
7) Ventas (S)
$
22.026 $ $
= (83 ) ( ) (15000 ) = 27,422,370 = 27.42 106
1 /)
8) Utilidad bruta
$ $ $ $
= 27,422,370 19,365,783.67 = 8,056,586.33 = 8.05 106
9) Utilidad neta
$ $
= 8,056,586.33 (0.10) (18,732,589.38 )
$ $
(0.50) ((8,056,586.33 ) (0.10) (18,732,589.38 ))
$ $
= 3,091,663.696 = 3.09 106
10) Ganancia
$ 1 $
= (3,091,663.696 )( ) = 206.11 = 9.36
15000
$
27,422,370 $
= ( ) = 1828.158
15000
$ 1 100
= (1828.158 ) ( )( ) = 83.09
2200 1$