SOCIETY AND CULTURE

with Family Planning, STD, HIV & AIDS

Revision No.:
Prepared by: Mr. RODERICK O. MENDOZA
Reviewed by:
Approved by:

Asian Institute of Maritime Studies

Maritime Campus, Arnaiz Avenue, cor Roxas Boulevard, Pasay City
Philippines 1300
Website: www.aims.ph
Contact No.: (632) 8312467/8322467/8332467/8342467 THE STUDY OF HUMAN SOCIETY
 LEARNING OUTCOMES

1. Define what Social Institution is.

2. Enumerate the characteristics of Social Institution
3. Discuss the functions and classifications of Social
Institution
4. Enumerate the different traits of social institutions.

THE STUDY OF SOCIAL INSTITUTION

 What is Social Institution?

Is a social structures and social

mechanisms of social order
and cooperation that govern
the behavior of its members.
Is a group of social positions,
connected by social relations,
performing a social role.
Any institution in a society
that works to socialize the
group of people in it.

THE STUDY OF HUMAN SOCIETY

 Characteristics of an
Institution Palispis (1996)
Institutions are purposive.
Relatively permanent in
content.
Institutions are structured.
Institutions are a unified
structure.
Institutions are necessarily
value-laden.

THE STUDY OF HUMAN SOCIETY

 Functions of an Institutions
1. Institutions simplify social
behavior for the individual
person.
2. Provide ready-made forms of
social relations and social roles
for individual.
3. Act as agencies of
coordination and stability for
the total culture.
4. 4. Control behavior.
THE STUDY OF HUMAN SOCIETY
 Major Social Institutions
The Family
Education
Religion
Economic Institutions
Government as a Social
Institution

THE STUDY OF HUMAN SOCIETY

 The Family
The smallest social institution with
the unique function or producing
and rearing the young.
It is the basic unit of Philippine
society and the educational
system where the child begins to
learn his ABC.
The basic agent of socialization
because it is here where the
individual develops values,
behaviors, and ways of life
through interaction with members
of the family (Vega, 2004).
THE STUDY OF HUMAN SOCIETY
 The Family
Characteristic of the Filipino
Family
The family is closely knit and
has strong family ties.
The Filipino family is usually
extended one and therefore,
big.
In the Filipino family, kinship
ties are extended to include
the compadre or sponsors.

THE STUDY OF HUMAN SOCIETY

 The Family
Functions of the Family
1. Reproduction of the race and
rearing of the young.
2. Cultural transmission or
enculturation.
3. Socialization of the child.
4. Providing affection and a sense
of security.
5. Providing the environment for
personality development and
the growth of self-concept in
relation to others.
6. Providing social status.
THE STUDY OF HUMAN SOCIETY
 The Family
Kinds of Family
..;according to STRUCTURE
a. Conjugal or Nuclear Family -the
primary or elementary family
consisting of husband, wife and
children.
b. Consanguine or Extended
Family -consist of married couple,
their parents, siblings,
grandparents, uncles, aunt s, and
cousins.

THE STUDY OF HUMAN SOCIETY

 according to term of
MARRIAGE
a. Polyandry -one woman is
married to two or more
men at the same time.
b. Polygamy -one man is
married to two or more
women at the same time.
c. Cenogamy - two or more
men mate with two or
more women in group
marriage.
THE STUDY OF HUMAN SOCIETY
 according to DESCENT
a. Patrilocal -when the newly
married couple lives with the
parents of the husband.
b. Matrilocal - when the newly
married couple lives with the
parents of the wife.
c. Neolocal - when the newly
married pair maintains a
separate household and live by
themselves.

THE STUDY OF HUMAN SOCIETY

 according to AUTHORITY
a. Partriarchal - when the
father is considered the
head and plays a dominant
role.
b. Matriarchal - when the
mother or female is the
head and makes the major
decisions.
c. Equalitarian - when both
father and mother share in
making decisions and are
equal in authority.
THE STUDY OF HUMAN SOCIETY
 Education
a form of learning in
which the knowledge,
skills, and habits of a
group of people are
transferred from one
generation to the next
through teaching,
training, or research.

THE STUDY OF HUMAN SOCIETY

 What are the functions of Schools? Mcnergney &
Herbert(2001) -described the school as first and
foremost a social institution, that is , an established
organization having an identifiable structure and a set
of functions meant to preserve and extend social
order.
School is the place for the contemplation of reality,
and our task as a teacher , in simplest terms, is to show
this reality to our students, who are naturally eager
about them.

THE STUDY OF HUMAN SOCIETY

Intellectual Purposes
to teach basic cognitive skills such
as reading, writing, and
mathematics;
to transmit specific knowledge.

Political Purposes
to inculcate allegiance to the
existing political order(patriotism)
to prepare citizens who will
participate in the political order
to assimilate diverse cultural
groups into political order
to teach children the basic laws
THE STUDY OF HUMAN SOCIETY
 Social Purpose
to socialize children into the
various roles, behavior, and
values of society.

Economic Purpose
to prepare students for their
later occupational roles, and
to select, train, and allocate
individuals into the division
of labor.
THE STUDY OF HUMAN SOCIETY
 Multiple Functions of
Schools Technical
Economic
Human/ Social
Political
Cultural
Education

THE STUDY OF HUMAN SOCIETY

 Latent Functions of Schools
Restricting some activities.
Matchmaking and
production of social
networks.
Creation of
generation gap.

THE STUDY OF HUMAN SOCIETY

 Functions of School
Calderon(1998)

Conservation Function
Instructional Function
Research Function
Social Service
Function

THE STUDY OF HUMAN SOCIETY

 RELIGION
is a system of beliefs and
rituals that serves to bind
people together through
shared worship, thereby
creating a social group.
set of beliefs and
practices that pertain to a
sacred or supernatural
realm that guides human
behavior and gives
meaning to life among a
community of believers.
THE STUDY OF HUMAN SOCIETY
 Characteristics of
Religion Belief in a
deity.
A doctrine of
salvation.
A code of
conduct.
Religious rituals.

THE STUDY OF HUMAN SOCIETY

Functions of Religion Calderon(1998)
1. Serves as a means of social control.
2. Exerts a great influence upon personality
development.
3. Allays fear of unknown.
4. Explains events or situations which are
beyond comprehension of man.
5. Gives man comfort, strength and hope in
times of crisis and despair.
THE STUDY OF HUMAN SOCIETY
 6. It preserves and transmit knowledge, skills,
spiritual, and cultural values and practices.
7. It serves as an instrument of change.
8. Promotes closeness, love, cooperation, friendliness
and helpfulness.
9. Alleviates sufferings from major calamities.
10. It provides hope for a blissful life

THE STUDY OF HUMAN SOCIETY

 Three Elements of Religion Sacred and
profane.
Legitimation of norms.
Rituals.
Religious community.

THE STUDY OF HUMAN SOCIETY

 Economic Institutions
Microeconomics Concerned with the specific
economic units of parts that makes an economic
system and the relationship between those parts.

Emphasis is placed on understanding the behavior

of individual firms, industries, households, and ways
in which such entities interact. (Spencer, 1980;
Javier,2002)

THE STUDY OF HUMAN SOCIETY

Macroeconomics
Concerned with the
economy as a whole, or
large segments of it.
It focuses on such
problems as the role of
unemployment, the
changing level of prices,
the nations total output of
goods and services, and the
ways in which government
raises and spends money.
THE STUDY OF HUMAN SOCIETY
 Government
GOVERNMENT as a SOCIAL INSTITUTION

Is the institution which solves conflicts that are

public in nature and involve more than a few
people.
The SC defines government as the institution by
which an independent society makes and carries
out those rules of action which are necessary to
enable men to live in a social state, or which are
imposed upon the people for that society by
those who possess the power or authority of
prescribing them.

THE STUDY OF HUMAN SOCIETY

 Three Branches
of Government
Executive
Legislative
Judicial

THE STUDY OF HUMAN SOCIETY