Problem solving

Barriers of problem solving

Mental set = tendency to fixate on old solutions that worked before

Example 1: Giving time-outs to a 15 year old.

Fixation = inability to see the problem from a new perspective

Example 1: Thumbtack b ox + candle + corkboard given. How do we prop the candle up? A
lot of people get stuck on this. They have to realize that a tack can be used to pin the box on
the board, and then place the candle in it.

Language and Speech disorders

Aphasia = damaged language center(s) in brain (usually left hemisphere)

Brocas aphasia/ expressive aphasia = Brocas area damaged + speech is broken + no problem
understanding language + they know what they want to say.

Example 1: Take. Car. Store. (Take the car to the store).

Example 2: Me go, er, uh, nine clock, ship.

Wernickes aphasia/ receptive aphasia = Wernickes area damaged + speech is fine + but
sentences the language makes no sense. Wernicke = what?

Example 1: Girl built hello when does slurpie wonderful.

Example 2: Rent bloopy are sausages no mean boy.

Technologies

EMG (electromyography) = tells us the electrical activity of muscle

EEG (electroencephalogram) = tells us the electrical activity of brain

When answering questions, be very careful about what the question says visualize the question too.

Sympathetic nervous system = fight or flight

Parasympathetic nervous system = rest and digest

Internal consistency = different questions of the test meant to measure the same outcome give
consistent answers.

Example: Do yuu like bicycles? And Do you dislike bicycles? Should give consistent answers. E.g. Yes and
no, in this case.

Type 1 error = incorrectly rejecting the null hypothesis.

Example: H0: fish are faster swimmers on average than insects. If we reject this, wed be doing a Type 1
error.

Type 2 error = incorrectly accepting the null hypothesis.