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Service rifle
The service rifle (also known as standard-issue rifle) of a given army or armed force is that which it issues as
standard to its soldiers. In modern forces, this is typically a highly versatile and rugged assault rifle, battle rifle or
carbine suitable for use in nearly all theatres and environments. Service rifles are also often selected for their
upgradability (e.g., the addition of underslung grenade launchers, sights, flashlights, laser sights, etc.)
Although certain weapons issued to special forces units are rarely considered "service weapons" in the truest sense,
certain specialist rifles and submachine guns are categorized as such if issued as per standing operating procedures
upon entering special environments or scenarios. These may include urban warfare (FIBUA/MOUT) and jungle
warfare environments.
Contents
1 History
2 Service rifles by nation
2.1 Albania
2.2 Angola
2.3 Argentina
2.4 Australia
2.5 Austria
2.6 Bangladesh
2.7 Belgium
2.8 Bolivia
2.9 Brazil
2.10 Cambodia
2.11 Canada
2.12 Chile
2.13 Colombia
2.14 People's Republic of China
2.15 Republic of China (Taiwan)
2.16 Croatia
2.17 Cuba
2.18 Czech Republic
2.19 Denmark
2.20 Egypt
2.21 Estonia
2.22 Finland
2.23 France
2.24 Germany
2.25 Georgia
2.26 Greece
2.27 Guatemala
2.28 Haiti
2.29 Hungary
2.30 India
2.31 Indonesia
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2.32 Iran
2.33 Iraq
2.34 Ireland
2.35 Israel
2.36 Italy
2.37 Jamaica
2.38 Japan
2.39 Korea
2.40 Lebanon
2.41 Liberia
2.42 Libya
2.43 Luxembourg
2.44 Malaysia
2.45 Mexico
2.46 Myanmar
2.47 Netherlands
2.48 New Zealand
2.49 Norway
2.50 Pakistan
2.51 Peru
2.52 Philippines
2.53 Poland
2.54 Portugal
2.55 Romania
2.56 Russia and Soviet Union
2.57 Saudi Arabia
2.58 Serbia
2.59 Singapore
2.60 Slovenia
2.61 South Africa
2.62 Spain
2.63 Sri Lanka
2.64 Sweden
2.65 Switzerland
2.66 Thailand
2.67 Tibet
2.68 Turkey
2.69 Ukraine
2.70 United Kingdom & British Overseas Territories
2.71 United States
2.72 Uruguay
2.73 Venezuela
2.74 Vietnam
3 See also
4 References
History
Originally, rifles used in combat were not standard-issue weapons like the service rifles of today. Rifles were for
specialist marksmen only, whilst the ordinary infantry were issued less accurate smoothbore muskets which had a
higher rate of fire, with bore diameters as high as 19 mm, or 0.75 inch. By the middle of the 19th century, however,
rifles were becoming more and more common on the battlefield, with muskets being phased out. Originally, these
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During the Second World War, there was yet another leap forward in rifle design which was to influence service rifles
even today. That is, the use of a fired cartridge's gas emissions to automatically rechamber rounds into the breech once
a bullet had been fired, as well as expelling the old cartridge. These weapons were known as gas-operated firearms.
Some of the earliest examples of these were most prominent in the Second World War, and were usually semi
automatic, such as the American-made M1 Garand, first brought into service with the United States in 1936. These
rifles usually fired a "full-sized" cartridge, such as the .30-06 Springfield or .303 British, as opposed to an intermediate
rifle cartridge. Another type of commonly issued rifle which was to become well known during this time was the
assault rifle, a (usually) fully automatic rifle firing a lighter "intermediate" cartridge, as opposed to the full-sized
cartridges used by the usual rifles of that time. The first of these was the Sturmgewehr 44, used by Nazi Germany in
the later stages of the Second World War. The StG44 was not issued in large numbers, and was never adopted as
Germany's service rifle. However, this weapon was to serve as the precursor to other assault rifles such as the Soviet
AK-47, the American M-16, the Belgian FN FAL and the Swiss Sturmgewehr 58, which today is the common used type
of rifle in armies.
Albania
Angola
Argentina
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Australia
Bangladesh
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Belgium
FN FNC
Bolivia
Brazil
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Cambodia
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QBZ-97 Selective 5.5645mm 2005present
fire NATO
Canada
Chile
Colombia
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Croatia
Cuba
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Czech Republic
Denmark
Egypt
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Estonia
Finland
France
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Germany
FN G1
MPi-KM
G3A3
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G1
Selective 7.6251mm 1956[3]1960
fire NATO (West Germany)
Selective 7.6251mm 19591997 (West
Heckler & Koch G3
fire NATO Germany)
Selective 5.5645mm
Heckler & Koch G36 1997present
fire NATO
Georgia
Greece
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Guatemala
Haiti
M1903 .30-06
Bolt-action ?
Springfield[6] Springfield
.30-06
FN Mauser[6] Bolt-action ? KragJrgensen rifle- Haiti's first
Springfield
officially adopted service rifle
Semi- .30-06 ~1950s
M1 Garand
automatic Springfield 1994
The Haitian Army was disbanded by the United States, and replaced in 1915 by the Gendarmerie d'Hati.
The Haitian Army was again disbanded in 1995.
Hungary
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India
Indonesia
Iran
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Iraq
Ireland
Israel
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Italy
Beretta ARX-160A2
Jamaica
Japan
Korea
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version of
AK-47
Local
Selective 1968 produced
Type 68 7.6239mm
fire present version of
AKM
Local
Selective 1988 produced
Type 88 5.4539mm
fire present version of
AK-74
Republic of Korea (1948present)
Semi- .30-06
M1 Garand 19481978
automatic Springfield
Semi-
M1 Carbine .30 Carbine 19481978
automatic
Colt Model
603K;
produced
Selective .223 19682017 under
M16A1
fire Remington (scheduled) license by
Daewoo
Precision
Industries
Daewoo
Precision Selective .223 1981 Standard
Industries fire Remington present assault rifle
K1A
Daewoo
Precision Selective 5.5645mm 1984 Standard
Industries fire NATO present assault rifle
K2
S&T Motiv Selective 5.5645mm 2016 Standard
K2C1 fire NATO present assault rifle
Lebanon
Liberia
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Libya
Luxembourg
[7]
Malaysia
Mexico
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Myanmar
Netherlands
HK33
Firearm Type Calibre Service
Breech 1867
Dutch Snider 17.529Rmm
loading 1871
1871
Dutch Beaumont M71 Bolt-Action 11.350Rmm
1888
Dutch Mannlicher M.95
Dutch Beaumont-Vital 1888
Bolt-Action 11.352Rmm
M1871/88 1895
1895
Dutch Mannlicher Bolt-Action 6.553mmR
1945
1945
LeeEnfield No. 4 Bolt-Action .303 British
1954
Semi- .30-06 1945
M1 Garand FN FAL
automatic rifle Springfield 1961
FN FAL
Semi- 7.6251mm 1961[3]
automatic rifle NATO 1995
Diemaco C7 Selective fire 5.5645mm 1995
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NATO present
5.5645mm 1995
Diemaco C8 Selective fire
NATO present
New Zealand
Norway
Pakistan
Peru
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Philippines
Poland
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Portugal
Romania
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Saudi Arabia
Serbia
Singapore
Slovenia
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South Africa
Spain
Sri Lanka
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Sweden
Switzerland
Thailand
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Tibet
Tibet was de facto independent from 1912 until the 1950s, and fielded the Tibetan Army
Turkey
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Ukraine
AKM
United Kingdom & British Overseas Territories
United States
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Springfield 1953
1936
1963
Semi- .30-06 (some
M1 Garand
automatic Springfield used into
the
1970s)
Semi- 1942
M1 Carbine .30 Carbine
automatic 1960s
Selective 1945
M2 Carbine .30 Carbine
fire 1960s
Standard
issue until
1970
Selective 7.6251mm 1959
M14 Currently
fire NATO present
used as a
marksman
rifle
M16
Selective 5.5645mm 1964[14]
fire NATO 1967
Selective 5.5645mm 1967
M16A1
fire NATO 1984
Selective 5.5645mm 1984
M16A2
fire NATO present
Selective 5.5645mm 1992
M16A3
fire NATO present
Selective 5.5645mm 1999
M16A4
fire NATO present
Was
standard
carbine of
Selective 5.5645mm 1994 US Army,
M4
fire NATO 2014 US Air
Force, and
US Marine
Corps.
Originally
exclusive to
special
operations
forces, now
standard
carbine of
Selective 5.5645mm 1994
M4A1 US Army,
fire NATO present
US Air
Force, and
US Marine
Corps with
M4s being
converted
to M4A1s.
Uruguay
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Venezuela
Vietnam
See also
List of assault rifles
Service firearm competitions
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References
1. "Gazeta Ushtria" (http://www.mod.gov.al/publikime/index.php?option=com_flippingbook&view=book&id=154). 13
May 2016.
2. "Forcat e Armatosura shqiptare 6 vjet n NATO" (http://aaf.mil.al/index.php/arkivi/prill2015/3187-forcat-e-armatos
ura-shqiptare-6-vjet-ne-nato). April 5, 2015.
3. "Jours de Chasse Hors-Serie no. 5, p.57" (https://web.archive.org/web/20170805205439/http://www.herstalgroup.
be/files/files/hsjdec2014-2606complet-20150319092306.pdf) (PDF). June 2014. Archived from the original (http://
www.herstalgroup.be/files/files/hsjdec2014-2606complet-20150319092306.pdf) (PDF) on 2017-08-05. Retrieved
2017-08-05.
4. Wolfdieter Hufnagel, U.S. Karabiner .30 M1, Stuttgart 1994, ISBN 3-613-01635-4
5. Robert W.D. Ball (2 August 2011). Mauser Military Rifles of the World (https://books.google.com/books?id=p40IsL
Jv80AC&pg=PA240). Gun Digest Books. pp. 240. ISBN 1-4402-1544-8.
6. Charles T. Williamson (1999). The U.S. Naval Mission to Haiti, 19591963 (https://books.google.com/books?id=E
5Agpuo9sk0C&pg=PA147). Naval Institute Press. pp. 147. ISBN 978-1-55750-941-3.
7. GRAND-DUCHY OF LUXEMBOURG (http://www.mnhm.lu/pageshtml/virtualmuseumtour.php)
8. http://army.mil.nz/downloads/pdf/army-news/armynews469.pdf
9. Jones, Richard D. Jane's Infantry Weapons 2009/2010. Jane's Information Group; 35th edition (January 27,
2009). ISBN 978-0-7106-2869-5.
10. "Springfield M1903 Bolt Action Rifle" (http://armasdefilipinas.blogspot.com/2011/07/springfield-m1903-bolt-action-r
ifle.html). Armas de las Islas Filipinas. July 22, 2011. Retrieved 22 July 2016.
11. http://forum.wmasg.pl/index.php?/topic/42132-ak-74-m4-i-m203-w-wojsku-polskim/
12. Jiawei Wang; (1997). The Historical Status of China's Tibet (https://books.google.com/books?id=ak3SQ
TVS7acC&pg=PA135). . pp. 135. ISBN 978-7-80113-304-5.
13. Philip Jowett (20 November 2013). China's Wars: Rousing the Dragon 18941949 (https://books.google.com/boo
ks?id=F9GOAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA109). Osprey Publishing. pp. 109. ISBN 978-1-78200-407-3.
14. "Army Drops Colt as M16 Rifle Maker" (https://www.nytimes.com/1988/10/03/nyregion/army-drops-colt-as-m16-rifl
e-maker.html). The New York Times. October 3, 1988. "The Government has awarded a $112.1 million contract to
a Belgian-owned concern to produce 266,961 M16's over five years, The Hartford Courant reported in Saturday's
issues. Colt has supplied the Army with the rifles since 1964."
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