Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
1
cult religion or sect considered extremist or false (dif-
ferent from the usual and established forms); particular
54
style (in art, music, or writing) that is followed with ob- stop short of stop short at; not do
sessive devotion by a fairly small group; obsessive de- adore love and respect highly
votion
tolerate allow (something one does not agree with);
footlight light placed in a row along the front of a stage bear; recognize and respect (the beliefs of others)
floor
inviolate not violated; intact
upholster supply (furniture or a seat) with comfortable
coverings, filling, springs, and cushion enmesh catch in a net
hemophilia a
=Ä
º#
(z
î
\>ß
ë
z
)
gangway gangplank; board or ramp between a ship and
a pier
slouch tired-looking, awkward, drooping posture or
gait sidewalk pavement; paved walkway along the side of a
street
plot small piece of ground; main story; secret plan;
scheme; ground plan: V: (of a group of people) make pancreas gland near the stomach supplying digestive
a secret plan; conspire; represent graphically fluid and secreting insulin; L
Y©
implant fix in deeply into the body or mind; insert sur- bile bitter fluid secreted by the liver (aiding in the di-
gically; Ex. deeply implanted fears; N. Ex. artificial gestion of fats); {
a
v
heart implant; CF. transplant menthol white substance which smells and tastes of
dwarf èß
©
s (person, animal, or plant); V: prevent the mint
proper growth of; make appear small by comparison; mint ~
Ì
à ; place where coins are officially made; V:
Ex. art of dwarfing trees; Ex. old cathedral dwarfed by make (a coin)
the skyscrapers
vanilla
Bjo
\
@
P /t½
~
Óíß
_
Ï
é Jd
ã Ó
t
ü
midget very small person
bean 9
x
rain (cause to) fall like rain
fang long sharp tooth of an animal (such as a dog or a
downplay play down; make (something) seem less im- poisonous snake)
portant than it really is; Ex. downplay the significance
of the accident molar any of the large teeth (used for breaking up food)
sleet
è
HL
:q; precipitation consisting of partially
frozen raindrops (or partially melted) enamel hard outer surface of the teeth; vitreous protec-
tive coating on metal or glass; V.
downpour heavy fall or rain
tusk very long pointed tooth (as in the elephant)
blizzard heavy fall of snow with strong winds
1
hoof µ
ÏÏL; hard foot (as of the horse)
ã
drizzle rain very lightly; N: s
_tq
þ
quill bird’s feather, esp. a long stiff one in the wing or
mask hide with a mask; keep from being seen; OP. un- tail; sharp pointed growth as on the porcupine
mask: show the hidden truth about
panther leopard
dehumanize remove the human qualities from
mane long hair growing from the neck of certain ani-
crossfire lines of gunfire crossing each other; rapid mals (such as the horse and male lion)
heated discussion
gauche awkward in social behavior
tussle rough struggle or fight;
È
Ò; V.
roll official list of names; Ex. roll call
tissue animal or plant cells; light thin paper
cloture parliamentary procedure by which debate is
caret mark ∧ used in writing to show where something ended and an immediate vote is taken; CF. closure
is to be added
artistry (apprec.) artistic skill
proof trial sheet of printed material; trial photographic
print analogue analog; something that is similar (to some-
thing else)
proofread read (proof) to find errors and mark correc-
tions offbeat not conventional
tong grasping device consisting of two arms only sole; Ex. only child
aerate put air into (a liquid) as by pressure; expose to red herring something that draws attention away from
fresh air for purification; oxygenate (blood) for respira- the central issue; distraction
tion norm standard (of behavior or ability)
cirrus high-altitude cloud;
¶î
Ý
Ï
r; é J<
ãH coterminous sharing the same border
nimbus uniformly gray rain cloud; radiant light in the iodine כ¹×¼ (used on wounds to prevent infection and
form of a halo over the head in a representation as of a in photography)
saint
wax solid material made of fats or oils which change to
cumulus thick white cloud with a flat base; &
î
hr
a thick liquid when melted by heat; Ex. earwax; V.
2
vinyl firm bendable plastic shaft long narrow body or handle of a spear, an arrow,
or certain tools; column
¼&
pleat flattened narrow fold in cloth; (Û à
Ô, &
J1
$ x_
p)
Ò2
Å §; V.
£ tamp (U ´, f
°, {
C
1 x`
p ¦) pack down tightly by a succes-
bit sharp point of a tool for making holes; metal bar, sion of blows or taps
part of a bridle, that is put in the mouth of a horse homeopathy 1
x7
l xכ
á ¹Z; |
O y
©
½ÉM
+ ½
:
Ó"¶`
é ¦È
Ò#
# ½
Ó^
w; fingernail or toenail; V: fasten with a nail
nail 3
l tí
Ò
q
$
H treatment
figurehead figure on the prow of a ship; nominal leader parenthesis words introduced as an added explanation
with no actual authority (usu. enclosed at both ends by a parenthesis); ADJ. par-
enthetic: introduced as an added explanation; Ex. par-
ferrous containing iron enthetic remarks
differential amount of difference; ADJ. based on a dif-
arresting engaging; V. arrest: catch and fix (someone’s
ference; Ex. differential rates of pay according to one’s
attention); Ex. The bright lights arrested the baby’s at-
income
tention.
hallmark conspicuous feature or characteristic; mark
inventory list of all the goods in a place
indicating quality or excellence; Ex. hallmarks of her
painting slate a rock that splits into thin layers; &
ó
h ø
Í; piece of
t
lest -
·
§
ú ¸2
¤
this rock cut for use as roofing; &
ó
h ø
Í_
tY
þUsàÔ; list of
the candidates of a political party
critique article or book criticizing something
manifest list of cargo or passengers (on a ship)
heretofore hitherto; until now
litter group of young animals produced at one birth by
overshadow throw a shadow over; make appear less a mammal
important
gutter channel for draining off water along the edge of
plaque ornamental or engraved plate, slab, or disk used
a street or root
for decoration or on a monument for information; Óo
;
©
d
ó
ø
Í; deposit that builds up on a tooth or the inner sequel literary work that continues an earlier narrative;
¦
lining of a blood vessel; e
ß
¼ something that follows; consequence
tartar hard chalklike substance that forms on the teeth; fetal of a fetus; N. fetus: foetus; unborn young of a ver-
$
u
3 tebrate (distinguished from the earlier embryo); I
ballad a narrative poem; music for such a poem hurdle )[t; difficulty that must be dealt with; V: leap
þ
over (a barrier); overcome; surmount
shrug raise (the shoulders) as a gesture of doubt or in-
difference; shrug off: treat as unimportant; Ex. She just epistle letter (esp. a long and important one)
shrugs off the pain. legume plant of the bean family with its seeds in a pod
meteorology scientific study of weather conditions
harness apparatus for controlling a horse or for fasten-
crease line made on cloth or paper by folding, crushing, ing a horse to a cart; V.
or pressing; V.
gravitate be attracted and move gradually towards;
dent depression in a surface made by pressure or a blow move in response to the force of gravity; Ex. gravitate
to/towards; N. gravitation
bow front part of a ship
stern back part of a ship; ADJ: hard or severe in manner 56
hesitate pause before taking an action; be unwilling to
lasso long rope with a noose at one end used to catch do something
horses and cattle lazy disliking and avoiding work; (of a period) spent in
sight device used to assist aim by guiding the eye as on doing nothing; moving slowly; sluggish; Ex. lazy after-
a firearm; (8
x1
ú x_
p) 0 uû
p Z noon/river; V: rest lazily; spend (time) lazily
3
ivory ©
©
;
Òo; creamy white; article made of ivory;
drift be carried along by currents of air or water; move
ivories: piano keys; CF. ivory tower: place of re- from place to place without purpose; wander; be piled
treat, esp. preoccupation with intellectual considera- up in banks or heaps by a current; N: drifting; bank or
´
tions rather than practical life; z
rü
<1 xb
l #
Q
Òo,
pile, as of sand or snow, heaped up by currents of air
x
l
3 ©
_[ j> or water; main idea; gist; Ex. a drift of dead leaves; Ex.
snow drift; Ex. catch the drift of
peel skin of fruits; V: strip the peel from; pare
courtly graceful and polite in manners
rind tough outer covering of fruits, esp. of the melon
and lemon solidarity agreement of interests or principles among a
group
mast upright pole of wood or metal for carrying sails
primacy state of being first in position or importance
spar wooden or metal pole used to support sail rigging;
blaze bright flame; white spot on the face of an animal;
б
>
ú h
@/
mark cut or painted on a tree to indicate a trail; V: burn
rung bar forming a step of a ladder; crosspiece between with a bright flame; indicate (a trail) by marking trees
the legs of a chair with blazes; Ex. blaze a trail: lead the way in a new
activity; CF. trailblazer: innovative leader in a field; pi-
hangar ql
'
±
ú ¦ oneer
brake Ú
ÔYUs
ß¼; V: slow or stop by using a brake sorority club of women students; CF. fraternity; CF.
file put (papers or letters) in a file; ^
=
o
sororicide
decline express polite refusal; (as land) slope down-
magnify make greater in size or effect; cause to appear
ward; deteriorate gradually; N: period or process of de-
greater; exaggerate
clining; CF. turn down
HÃ
munition large arms; ç
º¾ ¤y
§ (:
¡ £ ø
ò
Í)
reportorial of a reporter 57
brace something used for supporting (as a beam in a agronomy application of soil and plant sciences to farm-
building, or an orthopedic appliance); !Qh >@
Ë /; ÂÒ3
q; u
l ing
\
P §&
l
ñ ; [ts
5x/
Å M; ×
B æF
c
ñ; V: support and strengthen fuse cord of readily combustible material; ¸ o ; É
Óݼ;
with a brace; prepare (oneself) for something difficult; V: reduce to a plastic state by heating; melt; mix together
Ex. The country is bracing itself for the threatened en- by melting
emy invasion.
ª
wick ( í, Ïá
þ Ô_) dt
; cord that draws fuel to the
circumstantial (of information, esp. concerning a flame by capillary action
crime) based on circumstances but not really proving
crate wooden shipping box; V. CF. crater
anything; incidental; (of a description) containing all the
details; Ex. circumstantial evidence/account produce something produced; fresh farm products
gadget small device ode long poem addressed to a person or thing
linen cloth made from the plan flax; white underclothes overdose take too large a dose; N.
{
courtyard court; open space surrounded by walls; ©
leaflet small piece of printed paper (advertising some- thatch plant stalks or foliage used for roofing; V: cover
g
thing); F ¦é
ß
; small leaf with thatch
handbill printed sheet or pamphlet distributed by statuary statues collectively
hand; CF. bill knocker hinged fixture used for knocking on a door
flier leaflet gong metal disk struck to produce a loud sonorous tone;
ç
f
ringlet long curl of hair
otherworldly more concerned with the spirit or mind
frame surround with a solid protecting edge; Ó
o
\V
,
than with material things
anatomy scientific study of the bodies and body parts;
sample small part representative of a whole; V: take a body; dissection of body
sample of (in order to test)
physiology scientific study of how the bodies work
sanitation application of public health measures; /
N×
B æ
disciple follower of any great teacher
AÒ
0 t; disposal of sewage and garbage;
q Ã
º¸[ q
O
flint  [
±
Òd t
sanitary relation to health; clean; hygienic
blade flat part of a knife, propeller, oar, or bat; long flat
sanitize make sanitary; remove unpleasant or offensive ×
9
leaf of grass; { ¦l
features from; Ex. sanitize a report
oar
¸; long pole with a flat blade used for rowing a boat
landslide sudden fall of earth or rocks; large, often un- (while held in position by rowlocks)
expected, success in an election
paddle
¸; short pole with a flat blade (not held in posi-
puddle Ö
æé
s
; small pool of liquid, esp. rainwater tion)
4
bat wooden stick for hitting the ball as in cricket, base- vivify give life to; animate; make more lively
ball, and table tennis
caterpillar many-legged wormlike creature; endless
flange protruding rim or edge, as on a wheel, used to chain
hold an object in place
bud small protuberant plant structure containing an un-
cider alcoholic drink made from apples developed shoot, leaf, or flower; è
H
cinder burned substance (not reduced to ashes but not ¦
cat ª
s
õ1xÓ
l t
ü
burned further)
crockery earthenware; cups or plates made from baked
tare weed; ú̧
í; weight of wrapping material in which clay
goods are packed
f³
drawer " 1
Ñ; drawers: underpants
enrich make rich; improve the quality of; add nutrients
to; Ex. enrich the soil q
necklace ornament worn around the neck; 3
ls
snob one who affects an air of superiority and despises lyric poem that expresses subjective thoughts and feel-
those lower in social position, intellect, or taste; N. snob- ings; ADJ.
bery; ADJ. snobbish
skit short comic theatrical sketch/play; CF. skittish
warmonger person who urges war or tries to get a war
snatch seize or grab (with a sudden violent movement);
started
ú̧G ; take quickly without permission; Ex. The
fluent speaking, writing, playing a musical instrument thief snatched her handbag and ran; N.
in a smooth manner
gulp swallow greedily or rapidly in large amounts; N.
fictive of fiction; fictional; not genuine; sham
rash set of red spots on the skin; (fig.) sudden large
rug heavy fabric used to cover a floor inestimable (apprec.) too excellent to be calculated;
of immeasurable worth; invaluable; impossible to esti-
rugged having a rough irregular surface; Ö ¦
æ
ÚÔ¦Ú
Ç;
æô
mate; incalculable
strong and sturdy; Ex. rugged terrain/vehicle
happenstance chance circumstance
rafter "
fA
; large sloping beam that supports a roof
sizable sizeable; fairly large
molding ornamental strip, as of wood or stone, used to
decorate a surface size sizing; gluey substance used as a glaze for paper,
cloth, or wall surfaces
ª
A
vista distant view ( ¤\
á|,
9 Á º1 xs
p [ t#
þ Q"fe
H
â
Ò%
); broad mental view as of a series of events; Æ
u ;
3
shore support by a prop; Ex. shore up the damaged
©
} , |
wall; N: (C Ó
ü ©
t, {
,
Áº1x_
p ) t
ÅÒ; Q!h>3
Ë q; prop
l
befriend act as a friend to
convalesce recuperate from an illness or injury; ADJ. outstanding not yet settled or paid; Ex. outstanding
convalescent problems/debts
infuse fill (someone) with (a quality); N. infusion due something owed or deserved; dues: membership
fee
best defeat; outdo; outwit
explosive that can explode; N: explosive substance 59
5
tax strain; excessive demand; V: strain; make heavy de- overtake catch up with; come up to the same level and
mands on; tax someone with something: charge; accuse; usu. pass
Ex. They were taxing my patience by asking such stupid
baton short stick (used by a conductor, policeman, or
questions; CF. duty
runner)
taxing demanding; needing great effort; burdensome truncheon nightstick; short stick carried by police
snide slyly derogatory; expressing an unfavorable opin- cashier
r'
É Ø
¦±
"
ú é
¶
ion in a way that is usu. indirect but unpleasant; Ex.
make snide remarks eavesdrop listen secretly to other’s conversation
corridor passage between two rows of rooms; narrow overhear hear by accident
tract of land, esp. through another country chatterbox extremely talkative person
tanker ship, plane, or vehicle constructed to transport nag annoy by constant scolding, complaining, or urging
liquids in bulk
foreclose take back property because someone’s failure stall compartment for one animal in a barn or shed; V:
to repay; deprive (a mortgagor) of mortgaged property; bring or come to a standstill
N. foreclosure
full-fledged fully-fledged; (of a young bird) having
mortgage legal pledge of property to a creditor as secu- grown all its feathers and now able to fly; completely
rity for the payment of a loan; V. CF. mortgagor, mort- trained
gagee stark utter; complete; bare in appearance without any
pledge formal promise; something considered as secu- pleasant additions; hard; (r ^
1xs
p )
f
â
)
a; Ex. His
rity to guarantee payment; something given or received actions were in stark contrast to his words; Ex. stark
as a pledge of faith; Ex. Take this ring as a pledge of our realities of life for the poor
friendship; V. glide move in a smooth continuous manner (as a boat or
garnishment proceeding whereby property belonging swan); (of a bird) fly smoothly without using the wings
to a debtor but in the possession of another is turned brat bad-mannered child
over to the creditor
rogue scoundrel; dishonest person; ADJ. (of a wild ani-
garret attic mal) living apart from the rest
garland o8̈
; circle of flowers of leaves (worn round the moralistic (derog.) having excessively unchanging nar-
neck for decoration or as a sign of victory); V. row ideas about morals; N. moralist
wreath ring as of flowers or leaves
festoon garland
60
immediate done at once and without delay; of the
herbaceous relating to an herb as distinguished from a
present time; nearest; with nothing in between; direct;
¦_
woody plant; Û
Ex. immediate reply/plan/family/cause
table shelve; postpone consideration of
plead appeal earnestly; submit as an excuse; put for-
recompense reward for trouble or loss; V. ward a plea or argue in a court of law;
r
:
; N. plea:
serious request; excuse; statement by someone in a court
¦Õ
tadpole `
s
of law
gill organ through which a fish breathes;
p
range connected line of mountains
mucus viscous substance secreted by glands; &
hoÓ; d
Ó
t
ü shiver shake slightly (because of cold or fear); break
_
; ADJ. mucous into fragments or splinters; N.
guarded cautious; not saying too much; noncommittal; discountenance view with disfavor
Ex. guarded reply
mill machine for crushing grain into flour; Ð
[
t; ]
jì
rl
;
`
guard keep under control; (ú́¦)
; Ex. guard Óf
½
~
ç ß
; factory; Ex. paper mill; V.
your tongue carefully
bazaar sale to collect money
streamline construct so as to offer the least friction to
fluid flow; improve the efficiency of; Ex. streamline the wares small articles for sale
production process ró
daguerreotype a kind of early photograph;
É ø
Í
Z
O
inspired so good as to seem to show inspiration from ¼
Ü Ðn
r
É
¶§
God; (
Ý
4 ,
èd :
x_
) >w
p `~
¦ Î
à H; Ex. inspired writing:
musket a type of gun
"
$
í f; Ex. inspired article: #
Q6
xl
firearm gun
haul pull forcibly; transport as with a truck or cart; Ex. demand ask strongly; claim as if by right; OP. supplicate
haul up fishing nets; Ex. haul logs; N: act of hauling; dis-
tance over which something is hauled; amount of fish
caught; amount collected blackmail extortion (of money or advantage) by the
threat of exposing something discreditable; V.
overhaul examine thoroughly and repair if necessary;
N. disincentive something that discourages action
6
jingoism extreme nationalism (by a belligerent foreign mold /
B½
K
Ós; CF. fungus: ç
HÀ
Q$
Ó; !
Á
policy) ironclad covered with iron plates for protection; rigid;
jolt shake forcefully; N. fixed; Ex. ironclad rule
excrete (of animals and humans) pass out (waste mat- brilliant very bright; very clever
ter) from the body ¸
pebble [
t; small stone (worn smooth by erosion)
toxin poisonous substance (esp. produced by living gravel mixture of rock fragments or pebbles
cells or organisms); CF. toxic
cardboard thick stiff material made of pressed paper;
aftermath period following a bad event; consequence of rt
ì
ø
; ó
Ít
a disaster or misfortune
suede leather with a soft napped surface; º
Á¿ ô
9
º|ÇD
hz
º_
veterinarian Ã
; ADJ. veterinary
i
%è, 5
x
Å t_ º ¤
¡
¦
cure preserve (meat) as salting, smoking, or aging; ( sip drink in small quantities
º\
Á ¦)
â o
nibble eat with small repeated bites
tapestry heavy cloth on which colored threads are wo-
ven material of real matter; relevant; significant; important;
having a connection
61 svelte (apprec. of a woman) slim; slender in figure or
outline
denture set of artificial teeth; _
u; d
¦m
fidget move nervously or restlessly (so that one annoys
toupee hairpiece worn to cover a bald spot; CF. trans-
people); N. fidgets: restlessness manifested by nervous
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formation: #
6
íxµ
1
Ï
movements; ADJ. fidgety: restless or nervous
ß
ranger wanderer; rover; í
a>
Ë
q
â'
a; warden employed setback something that prevents progress; check in
to protect a forest progress; reverse(opposite)
cowhand cowboy or cowgirl; 3
q1
l x
l 4
air expose to air; (_ ¤ 1
x`
p |
¦)
Ð\
à Z; V
, ; ven-
recruit newly engaged member of a military force or tilate; make known to others (one’s opinion or com-
other organization; V: strengthen or raise (an armed plaints) in an unwelcome way
force) by enlistment blanket {
כ
¹
crawl move slowly with the body close to the ground; saucer ~
Îg
à >X
Ë]r
; Ex. a cup and saucer
be completely covered by insects or worms; Ex. The
kitchen is crawling with ants; N. mien bearing; manner; appearance
rampage rush wildly or violently; Ex. The elephant stunt feat displaying unusual skill or daring; ¬
¹l
rampaged through the forest; N: violent frenzied behav-
ior; Ex. Football crowds went on the rampage through
the town
62
carol song of praise or joy
arabesque
q
æ_
Û
©
d
ª
d
darn repair (a hole in cloth) by weaving threads across;
§
nave central part of a church between two aisles; r{©
Ex. darn a sock/the hole in a sock
æ
×
©
_ r{
: ©
wield have and use (power or influence); hold and use
§
pew bench for the congregation in a church; r_
(a weapon); CF. 6
f¿ºØ
Ô?
¸a
ý$
3
guru Indian religious leader or teacher; recognized
belfry bell tower (in a church) leader; Ex. guru of economics
liberal willing to respect the ideas of others; support- wit intelligence; l
t; ability to say things both clever
ing some change in political or religious affairs; open- and amusing; person who has this ability
minded; broad-minded; tolerant; giving freely; gener-
melodrama drama marked by exaggerated emotions,
ous; given freely; abundant; not literal; not exact; Ex.
stereotypical characters, and interpersonal conflicts
liberal supporter of the hospital; Ex. liberal supply of
(with very good or very wicked characters); ADJ. melo-
drinks; Ex. liberal interpretation of a rule
dramatic: too emotional or sentimental
shatter break suddenly into small pieces; Ex. I dropped
brew make (ale or beer) from malt(% l
È 2 §) or hops;
£
the mirror and it shattered; CF. splinter
make (a beverage) by boiling or steeping; be imminent;
control group of people in control of an operation; Ex. Ex. A storm is brewing
ground control (at an airport)
brief short condensed statement; V: give or receive con-
scholarship method and attainment of a scholar; seri- cise prefatory instructions or information; N. briefing
ous study; Ex. Her book is a fine piece of scholarship.
stomach bear; tolerate; eat without dislike; Ex. I can’t
stomach his jokes.
newel vertical support at the center of a circular stair-
canon accepted standard of behavior or thought; official
case; þ
A+8x8
£ x@
£ /_
× æd l
Ñæ
ü
list of writings (of a certain writer); Ex. a poem belong-
gallant courageous; (of a man) attentive and polite to ing to the Shakespearian canon; ADJ. canonical: accord-
woman; N. gallantry ing to canon; belonging to a canon
7
canopy decorative cover of cloth (fixed above a bed, a pollen Ã
ºÕtÀ
ü Ò; CF. pollination
seat, or posts);
¸7x
á ´0
z AA
¤_
á È Ò"
ô
î Ç=
W>h
flourish thrive; wave in hand and draw attention; N:
ß
potshot carelessly aimed shot; è
showy movement or gesture that draws people’s atten-
tion; embellishment or decorative curve in handwriting
antedate be earlier than
postdate happen later than; put a date on (eg. a check)
summary done at once without attention to details or
that is later than the actual date
rules (as in punishments); Ex. He was summarily dis-
astonish fill with great surprise missed.
limerick humorous short poem with five lines blueprint '
A
õ ; detailed plan of action
legible (of handwriting or print) that can be read; OP. certificate document testifying to the truth of some-
illegible thing; document certifying completion of requirements
vanquish defeat completely (as of a course of study); Ex. birth/death certificate
ingest take (food or medicine) into the stomach; CF. di- certify declare or confirm formally as true; issue a cer-
gest tificate to; Ex. The doctor certified the prisoner insane;
Ex. certified teacher
foyer lobby of a public building; entrance hall of a pri-
hack cut or chop with irregular blows; è ß
¸|
9 ; N:
vate dwelling; vestibule
writer hired to produce routine writing; hackney
lobby group of persons engaged in trying to influence
hackney horse suited for routine riding or driving
legislators; V: try to influence public officials for or
against a specific cause carve slice; divide into pieces by cutting; cut (wood or
stone) into a special shape
lobe rounded part or projection of an organ; Ex. ear-
lobe; Ex. lobe of the brain/lung/liver tamper touch or make changes in something without
permission (so as to cause damage); interfere harmfully;
batch amount prepared or produced at one time; group
make secret arrangements; Ex. tamper with a jury
of persons considered as a set; Ex. a batch of
bread/students strive struggle hard; make a great effort to gain some-
thing; Ex. He strove for recognition as an artist.
vandal person who intentionally destroys public prop-
erty or things belonging to other people; N. vandalism heavy-handed clumsy; awkward (in movements of the
hands); oppressive or harsh in the way one treats other
people; Ex. heavy-handed style of management; CF.
tandem bicycle built for two riders; Ex. in tandem: with
even-handed
both working closely together
orb ball; eyeball; celestial body; ball decorated with
fling throw or move quickly and forcefully; throw (one-
gold carried by a king or queen as a sign of power
self) into an activity with energy; &
§
ñ `
4 ¦@
s
Å ; Ex. fling
oneself into; N: act of flinging; brief period of indulging
one’s impulses 64
reflect throw back from a surface; manifest; show; think
63 seriously; Ex. Her work reflects intelligence; ADJ. re-
flective: thoughtful
dramatize adapt (a literary book) for dramatic represen-
tation; present in a dramatic or melodramatic way stalk pursue (game or enemy) stealthily; stride in a
haughty manner; move threateningly or menacingly;
narrow careful and thorough; painstaking; Ex. narrow
Ex. Disease stalked (through) the city.
reading/examination
forage search as for food or other supplies; Ex. go for-
disrupt throw into disorder; Ex. The accident disrupted
aging for wood to make a fire; N: fodder; food supplies
railway services.
for cattle and horses; search for food or provisions
transact carry out (a piece of business or trade); N.
weed ú̧
í\
¦(
i
v
transaction: something transacted; a piece of business;
Ex. fixed charge for each transaction in the bank picker Ã
º|; G
9 |; CF. pick
9
medal piece of metal (as an honor for bravery or skill) highbrow (derog.) one who has or affects a high degree
of learning
bettor someone who bets
lowbrow (derog.) one who has no interest in literature
stake ?
/l |
\
H
7
or arts
sketchy not thorough; lacking details
exhaustive thorough; including all cases; Ex. exhaus-
ledger account book recording the money taken in and tive search/study
given out
forgive pardon; stop feeling anger or resentment
ballot sheet of paper used to make a secret vote; secret against; absolve from payment of; (y B1
n x`
p ½
¦)
Óy
;
voting; Á
ºl"
È
î Ò³ð; V. CF. ball Ex. Will you forgive me the debt; OP. exact
poll #
r
: ¸ ; number of votes cast at an election; giv- pointless meaningless; useless; futile; Ex. It’s pointless
ing votes at an election to try.
8
shoulder something shaped like a shoulder; slope near ø
poncho ó
Íí; blanketlike cloak
the top of a mountain; outward curve of a bottle below
planetary of a planet; worldwide; global
the neck; edge along either side of a roadway;
¸Ð_
¸
|
off-key out of tune; inappropriate
perimeter closed curve bounding a plane area; length of x
oncologist 7
á ªÆ
<
this curve understudy actor who studies a role and is able to re-
fume feel or show anger; N. fumes: heavy strong- place a regular performer; V: be an understudy for; Ex.
smelling air (given off from smoke, fresh paint, oil, etc.) She understudied Smith.
Ðî
sheriff ß
'
a; chief law enforcement officer
sensation feeling; (cause of) a state of excited interest; clerk
Áº"
¶ (as in an office, court, or legislative body)
é
Ex. sensation caused by the new discovery
Ã
orchard õ º"
é
¶
bondage servitude; condition of a slave or serf; CF.
r
É
w\
p
> 6
O §
£ dune hill of wind-blown sand;
¸A
ü
punctuate divide (written matter) into sentences or daredevil recklessly bold; N: one who is recklessly bold
phrases with punctuation mark; break the flow of re-
peatedly; interrupt periodically; Ex. The tense silence royalty people of royal family; payment made to a
was punctuated by bursts of gunfire. write, inventor, or proprietor
ç
glaciate subject to glacial action; c ÐW
=; freeze {
dividend C ©
FK; share of profits received by a stock-
willy-nilly whether desired or not holder
chill cold; ADJ. V: make or become cold; dispirit bad-tempered impatient; irritable
blast strong gust of wind; forcible stream of air, gas, or reservation feeling of doubt or uncertainty (when one’s
steam; loud sound as of whistle or trumpet; explosion as agreement is limited); booking; Ex. without reservation;
of dynamite or bomb; plant disease; blight; V: explode; CF. reserve: quality of being reserved
sound loudly; blare; cause to dry up and die; CF. blast- garage
¦; service station (where cars are repaired or
off serviced)
9
cherry Z
O Á
º; !
Q~(a kind of fruit) acorn fruit of an oak
linoleum durable material made in sheets (used as a four-poster bed having tall corner posts (intended to
covering for floors) support curtains or a canopy)
selfless (apprec.) completely unselfish; caring only for canal artificial waterway; tube or duct
others and not for oneself
canalize deepen or widen (a river) to stop flooding; di-
ensign flag on a ship (esp. to show what nation the ship rect (a variety of actions) to one particular purpose; Ex.
belongs to); badge of office or power; emblem; CF. in- canalize all its efforts into improving its image with the
signia public
victor winner; ADJ. victorious: that has won; of a vic- chlorine Cl; %
i è
tory; Ex. victorious team/shout
girder iron or steel beam which supports a floor, roof, or
clinch confirm or settle conclusively (an argument or
bridge
bargain); (of boxers) become too closely engaged; fas-
ten securely as with a nail or bolt; Ex. They clinched the hinge
^
â ?; metal part which joins two objects together;
o
deal quickly. V: fix (something) on hinges; hinge on/upon: depend
on
flak flack; anti-aircraft artillery; bursting shells fired
from such artillery; severe disapproval or opposition lattice latticework; open framework made of interwo-
flop move or fall down heavily and awkwardly; _ /
O Å
ú Ò ven strips as of metal or wood
·
$ ¦
ú ; fail; collapse; be unsuccessful; N: act or sound trellis open latticework used for training climbing
of flopping; utter failure plants; Ex. roses growing on trellis
mountainous having many mountains; massive; huge tine point or prong as on a fork or a deer’s antler
grade gradient; degree of slope cleaver heavy broad-bladed knife or hatchet (used by
landlocked enclosed by land;
<]
ü K
X t
e ·
§
úr
É butchers)
hemorrhage flow of blood; bleeding hatchet small ax
rumple disarrange (hair, clothes, etc.); make untidy skew turn or place at an angle; distort; Ex. skew the
results of the survey; N: slant
hush silence or stillness; V: make or become silent; calm;
soothe; CF. ’~
»
´’
H
èo skewer ¡ óÕ; long pointed rod for impaling and hold-
discourteous not polite; rude ing food during cooking
alight come down and settle (as after flight); dismount silversmith one that makes articles of silver
(as from a horse or vehicle); Ex. The bird alighted on a recipe set of directions for making something (esp.
branch; ADJ: on fire; burning; having the lights on food)
dovetail tight interlocking join; V: join (wood) by means quilt s
Ô¦; cloth cover for a bed filled with soft material;
of dovetails; fit perfectly together ADJ. quilted: made with cloth containing soft material
mortise rectangular cavity in a piece of wood or stone
flexible that can bend easily; that can be changed for
prepared to receive a tenon (forming a joint)
new needs, changed conditions, etc.
tenon projection on a piece of wood for insertion into a
reclaim ask for the return of; make (land) fit for use;
mortise
½
Ó`
( ¦) >
hçß
; obtain (useful materials) from a waste
tenor continuous course; general meaning; drift; pur- product; reform; help to lead a better life; >r
hd v
;
port; highest male voice; Ex. the even tenor of our exis- (1
xÓ
l t
ü `) U
¦ ´[
ts
þ ; Ex. This land was reclaimed from
tence; Ex. understand the tenor of his speech the sea; Ex. reclaim metal from old cars; Ex. reclaim
bail security (usu. money) supplied as a guarantee that former criminals
Ð$
an arrested person will appear for trial; F
3 K; release outgrowth natural consequence; product of growing
from imprisonment obtained by bail; Ð$ ; (Í
3 rq
Ç Ò
, Å
out; offshoot; Ex. Crime is often an outgrowth of
) arched handle; (Ñ
_ @
? {
\
&
aÓ t`
ü ¦(
? /H)
A~Ì; V:
à poverty.
obtain freedom for by paying bail; remove water from a
boat; Ex. bail out someone outgrow grow too large or too old for; grow out of;
surpass in growth; Ex. outgrow one’s clothes/childish
67 habits
offshoot new stem or branch; Ex. an offshoot of a large
workaday ordinary; mundane; commonplace; of work- organization
ing days
tourniquet band of cloth that is twisted tightly around
carcass dead body (of an animal)
an arm or leg to stop bleeding
overpower defeat or overcome by greater power
trapeze short horizontal bar suspended from two paral-
anticipate act in advance to prevent; forestall; foresee; lel ropes (used for acrobatics); CF. trapezoid
expect
chromosome %
ioÒ^
; linear strand of DNA in the nu-
º²
otter à (aquatic, carnivorous, having webbed foot)
ú cleus of cells
10
pawnbroker {
©
íÅ Ò; one that lends money at inter-
bore make a hole through with a drill; N: hole made by
est in exchange for personal property deposited as secu- drilling; inner diameter of a hole
rity
literati literary intelligentsia
G
chrysanthemum ²
Do
signatory signers of an agreement (esp. among na-
essence intrinsic property; concentrated extract of a tions); Ex. Most western nations are signatories to this
substance that retains its fundamental properties; &
;
ñ treaty.
¾
perfume or scent;
ÓÃ ¾
º;
Ó
axle supporting shaft on which a wheel revolves;
»¤
¡
pitch dark sticky substance obtained from the distilla-
tion residue of coal tar, wood tar, or petroleum (used hub center part of a wheel; center (of activity)
for waterproofing, caulking, and paving) Ex. as black as boggle hesitate or shy away as in fear
pitch
disillusion free from or deprive of illusion
adumbrate give an incomplete or faint idea of (esp. fu-
ture events); give a sketchy outline of; foreshadow disillusioned feeling bitter and unhappy as a result of
having learned the unpleasant truth
upstage toward or on the rear part of a stage; ADV. V:
make (another performer) face away from the audience attune bring into harmony; CF. tune
by assuming a position upstage; take away attention forethought advance deliberation
V
from; OP. downstage; CF. \ \
HÁ
º@/î ß
A¤s
á · ¡A
ú¤
á Ð
Z
}
¤6
§.
£ egalitarian affirming equality for all
demoralize undermine the morale of; dishearten; cor- literacy ability to read and write; ADJ. literate
rupt grade level gradually to a desired gradient; Ex. grade
ply one layer as of clothe or plywood; one of the strands into · · ·: &
h Ð
· · ·
twisted together to make yarn, rope, or thread; V: join cultivate seek the acquaintance or good will of; improve
together; use diligently; continue supplying; Ex. She sat and prepare (land) for raising crops; grow (plant or
plying her needle; Ex. ply their guests with food crop); nurture; foster; form and refine as by education;
lettered highly educated; learned; literate Ex. try to cultivate those in power; Ex. cultivate a
knowledge of music
unlettered not well educated; illiterate
cultivated cultured; showing good education, manners
scour search through thoroughly; clean or remove by
hard rubbing with a rough material; Ex. scour the coun- culture all products of human thought; breeding of an-
tryside for the escaped prisoners; Ex. scour dirty pots imals or growing of plants; CF. agriculture, horticulture
and pans
holism theory or belief emphasizing the importance of hardheaded stubborn; pragmatic; practical; Ex. hard-
the whole and the interdependence of its parts (believ- headed businessman/decision
ing that a whole thing is more than just a collection of
sill horizontal member that bears the upright potion of
parts); ADJ. holistic; Ex. holistic medicine
Ht
a frame; ë
~½
Ó; CF. windowsill
pointed having a point; sharp; incisive; (of something
silo cylindrical structure where fodder is stored
said) obviously (and unfavorably) directed at a par-
ticular thing or person; cleanly evident; marked; Ex. canvas heavy, closely woven fabric (used for tents and
pointed comment; Ex. pointed lack of interest sails); piece of such fabric on which a painting is exe-
pride group (of lions) cuted
residence place in which one lives; act or period of re-
68 siding in a place
redeem make (something bad) slightly less bad; make wardrobe cabinet or closet built to hold clothes; gar-
up for; buy back; recover the ownership of; bring back ments collectively
to favor; carry out; Ex. redeeming feature/redeem an mansion large stately house
earlier mistake; Ex. redeem a pawned watch; Ex. re-
deem all the promises rhinestone
¸¸
s
H×
7 ¼; colorless artificial gem
angle point of view; standpoint; Ex. look from another terrace balcony; open area adjacent to a house serving
angle; V: try to catch fish with a hook and line as an outdoor living space; row of building
corral enclosed area where cattle, horse, etc. are kept; V: hold interior of a ship or airplane in which cargo is
drive (animals) into a corral; CF. pen stored
den home of a fierce animal such as a lion; center of se- instrument object used to help in work
cret activity instrumental helpful; serving as a means; (of music) for
coop cage for hens or poultry instruments, not voices
lullaby pleasant song used for causing children to instrumentation arrangement of music for instruments;
sleep; CF. lull application or use of instruments
11
orchestra group of musicians who play together on var- byline line at the head of a newspaper or article carry-
ious instruments ing the writer’s name
damp wet; moist; N: moisture; V: moisten; restrain or credits acknowledgment of work done as in a film
check; dampen; decrease the amplitude of ripple small wave; V.
soggy saturated with moisture; soaked; completely wet concession conceding; something conceded; privilege
of maintaining a business in a certain place
fixate make fixed or stationary; gaze steadily at some- prosecute continue (a task) until completion; initiate
thing; preoccupy; Ex. fixated on stories about sex court action against
calibrate adjust the graduation of (a quantitative mea- declaim speak loudly (and with grandiloquence)
suring instrument)
aboveboard without any attempt to deceive
uphold prevent from falling; support; defend (a right or
principle) against attack; maintain against opposition overdue being unpaid when due; past due; late; tardy
cosmopolitan consisting of people from many parts of win over/round gain the support of; OP. disaffect
the world; (of a person) not narrow-minded; show- basin open container; Ó t1
ü xs
l ; small enclosed body of
ing wide experience; worldwide; Ex. cosmopolitan water; Ö
æé
s ; bowl-shaped depression in the surface of
city/outlook on life/animal rt
the land or ocean floor; ì
brewery place where beer is made
69 caveat warning or caution
acolyte person who helps a priest to perform religious
ceremonies; devoted follower 70
popular widely liked; of or representing the peo- calipers instrument used to measure thickness and dis-
ple; prevalent among the people; Ex. popular tances
sovereignty/name
♠ moat deep wide ditch (filled with water) surrounding a
jamb one of eh vertical posts of a door or window town or castle as a defense
frame; @
/ëH1
p\
x_ l
P Ñæ
ü
bare lacking the usual covering; naked; not hidden;
lair den or dwelling of a wild animal open to view; empty; Ex. in bare feet; Ex. bare truth;
host organism in which a parasite lives Ex. The cupboard was bare.
deed ¿
ËÒ
xô
6 Ç
0
' A; exploit; document that is an official strain breed or type of plant or animal; inborn tendency
record of an agreement (esp. an agreement concerning or character (esp. one passed from parents to children)
ownership of property) ; particular quality; streak; trace; meaning of what one
says; Ex. There is a strain of madness in her family.
contract bargain; agreement; V: enter into contract;
catch (a disease); shrink by drawing together; shorten aorta @
/1xÐ
l o; largest blood vessel leaving the heart; CF.
(a word or words) by omitting some of the letters; Ex. capillary
contract a cold; Ex. “isn’t” ´; cavity or chamber (as in the heart)
ventricle z
:
insulin pancreatic hormone; CF. diabetes_
¤ò́
£ auricle outer projecting portion of the ear
stab pierce with a pointed weapon; N: act of stabbing; ÓÒ
½
antibiotic drug that kills bacteria; tÓ
qt
ü 9
|
sudden piercing pain
½
antibody
Ó^; immune body; protein produced as an
squall sudden violent windstorm with rain or snow immune response to a specific antigen
sloppy carelessly done; untidy or messy; slipshod; ½
antigen
Ó"¶; substance that when introduced into the
é
slovenly; Ex. sloppy piece of work body stimulates the production of an antibody
famish starve; CF. famine pathogen agent that causes disease (such as a bacterium
or fungus)
x
compatriot person from one’s own country; 1
l í
reagent r; substance used in a chemical reaction
grip take a very tight hold; hold the attention of; N: tight
hold; firm grasp; mastery or command; suitcase; mem- colon
©
; section of the large intestine from which the
ber of a film crew who moves the cameras around; Ex. a remains of undigested food leave the body
good grip on the subject
esophagus d¸
gripping holding the attention; very exciting; Ex. a gland
; organ that produces a secretion for use else-
gripping film where in the body
»
hiss ~
´ H
èo \ ¦?
/
; hiss at in order to show disap- niche recess in a wall as for holding a statue; suitable
proval and dislike place or job (suited to one’s abilities or interests)
insider accepted member of a group one who has spe- legitimate reasonable; correct or allowable according to
cial access to confidential information the law; Ex. quite legitimate conclusion
knowledgeable (of a person) knowing a lot porcelain
; china
12
earthenware rather roughly baked clay pressing demanding immediate attention; urgent; Ex.
diction choice and use of words in speech or writing; pressing business
clarity of pronunciation sinkhole $
3 r t
@ /_ ¹§¾
¡ ¤ J
¡
½
Ó; natural depres-
mitten #
#
í Qo ©
°
ú sion in a land surface, usu. occurring in limestone re-
gions
suspender
t ë
_ q
s ½
Ó
gusher one that gushes; gas or oil well
desalinize desalinate; remove salt from
pad soft material used to fill, give shape, or protect thunderbolt lightning accompanied by thunder
against injury filler something added to augment weight or size or to
rapids whitewater; fast-moving part of a river fill space; material used to fill in flaws in a surface
rainfall amount of rain or snow that falls in a certain placard sign or notice for public display
time
pageant elaborate public spectacle depicting a historical
cloudburst sudden heavy fall of rain ¤]
event; spectacular procession; (»
¡ j1 x_
p ) o9ô Ç'
§
=;
>
surf waves of the sea as they break upon a shore color showy display (with no meaning)
foam mass of bubbles on the surface of a liquid twinge sudden sharp attack (of pain); Ex. twinge of
toothache
overreach reach or extend over or beyond; miss by at-
tempting too much imaginative showing the use of the imagination; good
evict expel (a tenant); force to leave a house by law at producing new ideas; Ex. imaginative writing/child;
CF. unimaginative: lacking in imagination; pedestrian
intercede (×æç
ß
\ z#Q[ t#
þ Q"
f) plead on another’s be-
half; speak in favor of someone, esp. in order to save imaginary not real; existing only in imagination
from punishment; N. intercession percolate pass slowly through a material that has small
rung cross-bar that forms the steps of a ladder holes in it
colonial inhabitant of a colony (not a member of the
original population) 72
molest attack and harm; attack (a woman or a child) typify be a typical example or sign of; represent in a typ-
sexually ical manner (by an image or model)
county çH; large area that includes several towns; CF.
dependable able to be trusted; reliable; trustworthy; Ex.
count: Ñ
þ
dependable source of income
cramped limited in space; OP. commodious bulb round root of certain plants; any object of this
shape; glass part of an electric lamp; Ex. tulip bulb
cram force into a small space; stuff; fill too tightly or too
full; gorge with food; study intensively just before an nucleate bring together into a nucleus; ADJ: having a
examination nucleus
13
cosmetic intended to make the skin or hair more beau- cannibalize remove serviceable parts from for use in
tiful; dealing only with the outside appearance; super- the repair of other equipment of the same kind; Ex. He
ficial; lacking significance; N: cosmetic substance; Ex. a cannibalized his old car to repair the new one.
few cosmetic repairs to the house _
pilot ship’s helmsman; C
¸Ã
º
14
z
hound ª
>
h ostrich
¸; (
¸ Ï
Ît
ã \]
to
Qo
\¦
¸A
5q\
Å%
kennel >9
h| Ì
Ã
~ H
H5
q[
Å \
O "f)
³z
& ´
¸x ;
³z
& ´`
¦f
r
t·§
úH
|
Ð
Ã
bark >
h|
9H
èo
¦N
owl `
Sp
canine related to dogs; doglike
elephant
ïzo
rabbit
Ðz
trunk
ïzo
ï
ß
hare í
Ðz
warren tunnels in which rabbits live; overcrowded liv-
ing area; crowded conditions in which people live
WALK
clump walk with a heavy dull sound; Ù
æÙ
ü æ
ü
; N: clus-
Ä
burrow (# º,
Ðz, ¿
º8t
1 ó
xs
p ø
Í) Ï
J; shelter; V.
ã tered mass; heavy dull sound; Á
º rµ
î
Ï
1 6
§
£ èo
ª
sheep
lumber move heavily or clumsily; Ex. The bear lum-
ram male sheep bered through the woods; N: timber
ewe female sheep plod walk heavily or laboriously; ' #'
3 #
3
;
trudge; walk in a persevering or monotonous way;
lamb D
hz ª
; D
hz ª
_
¦l
drudge; Ex. plod under the weight of a burden
ª
mutton
¦l
trudge plod
, %
ª
bleat (
i è1
xs
p ) B
E
¦Ö
¦
amble moving at an easy pace; V.
goat %
i è; CF. he-goat, she-goat
saunter stroll slowly; N.
1
hen
ß»
stroll go for a leisurely walk
º»
cock à 1
ß
wander walk slowly and aimlessly; lose coherence of
chicken #
î ; ²
o ú̈
¦l thought or expression
crow Ã1
º»
ß_Ö
¦6
§
£ èo
;
)
march walk steadily and rhythmically
1
cluck
߻_
¡ó¡
óĺ
H
èo
pace walk with regular steps (backwards and for-
N
peacock /
B ;
u
YUõ
H
wards); measure by counting the number of steps; set
the speed of movement for; N: a step made in walking;
horse ú́
; Ã
ºú́
rate of walking; manner of walking; Ex. a jaunty pace
mare
ú́
stride walk with long steps; N.
x
stallion 7
á prance move about in a spirited manner
colt é
º}
t
strut pompous walk; V: walk in a self-important man-
©
filly
}
t ner
©
foal }
t swagger walk or behave with an over-confident or inso-
pony ½
¸|
Óú́
lent manner; strut
s
neigh (ú́ ) Ö
¦
; make the sound which horses make stamp step on heavily (so as to crush or extinguish); put
an end to; imprint or impress with a mark, design, or
whinny neigh like a horse seal; shape with a die; characterize; Ex. machine stamp-
equine resembling a horse; Ex. equine face ing out car bodies; Ex. newspaper stamping him as a
liar; N. stamping; implement used to stamp; impres-
deer
5u;
p 5u
p¦l sion stamped; mark; Ex. Her remarks bear the stamp
buck Ã
º5
u
p of truth.
doe
5u
p stomp tread or trample heavily or violently
fawn D
hz
5
u
p tramp walk with a heavy step; travel on foot; N: va-
qÃ
eagle 1
lºo grant; one who travels aimlessly about; long walk;
sound of heavy walking
qÃ
eaglet 1
l ºo
Dhz
tread walk; trample; N.
qÃ
aerie 1
l ºo
|; nest of a large bird of prey
9
stump walk in a heavy manner; baffle; puzzle; clear
aquiline curved; hooked; of or like an eagle; Ex. stumps from; N: base of a tree trunk left after the rest
aquiline nose Á
has been cut down; ( º_) ÕªÀÒ' l
; (
9_
) 3x{
l ©
s ;
lion
C
({ _) =
x
í
leonine like a lion creep move with body close to the ground; move
stealthily or slowly; N.
bear /
K
B
sneak move, give, or take in a quiet, stealthy way; N:
ursine bearlike; pertaining to a bear
one who sneaks; ADJ. sneaky
fox #
ĺ
pad go about quietly on foot (trying to avoid being no-
vulpine like a fox; crafty ticed)
15
tiptoe walk quietly or stealthily on one’s toes bar piece of solid material that is longer than it is wide;
Ex. a bar of soap
waddle walk with short steps that tilt the body from
side to side; +
'Ýæ
ü 9
o
(as a duck does) segment any of the parts into which something can be
divided; Ex. a segment of orange; CF. circle, sector, seg-
wade walk through a substance, such as water, that im-
ment
pedes movement
crumb very small piece of dry food; Ex. a crumb of
shamble walk in an awkward manner, shuffling the feet bread/cake; V. crumble: break into crumbs
pinch ôÇ
|
9 r
É ª
; V: squeeze between the thumb and
shuffle mix together; jumble; move (something) from a finger, or other edges; Ex. I had to pinch myself to
one place to another; slide (the feet) along the ground make sure I wasn’t dreaming.
while walking; Ex. shuffle papers from one pile to an-
other; N. speck small piece or mark; Ex. speck of dust in the eye
lurch stagger; move with irregular swinging move- mote small speck (esp. of dust)
ment; Ex. The drunken man lurched across the street. flake light leaf-like little bit; thin flat broken-off piece (of
something hard); Ex. flakes of snow; Ex. a flake of stone;
V: fall off in flakes
blunder serious mistake; V: move clumsily (as if blind);
make a stupid serious error scrap small bit or fragment; discarded waste material;
fight; Ex. a scrap of cloth; V: break into parts for dis-
stagger (cause to) move unsteadily; cause to falter; hes-
posal; discard as worthless; fight; quarrel
itate; overwhelm as with emotion or misfortune; ar-
range in alternating or overlapping times; Ex. stagger- shred small narrow piece torn; Ex. a shred of cloth; V:
ing drunken man; Ex. His incredible story staggers the cut or tear into shreds
imagination; N. ADJ. staggering: very surprising; al- splinter small sharp-pointed piece, esp. of wood, bro-
most unbelievable ken off something; Ex. a splinter of wood/glass; V. CF.
totter shake or move unsteadily; sway as if about to fall shatter
sliver small thin pointed piece cut or torn off; Ex. a
reel walk unsteadily as if drunk; feel dizzy as with con- sliver of glass from the broken window
fusion; N: spool; bobbin; round object on which a length chip lose a small piece from the surface or edge; N:
of thread can be wound small piece broken off something; CF. French fry; Potato
stumble trip and almost fall; proceed unsteadily; act fal- chip/crisp
teringly; N. dash small amount of something (added to something
hobble limp (as a result of damage to the legs); fasten else); Ex. a dash of pepper; rush; verve; vigor; –; V:
together two legs of (a horse); impede the movement of; rush; ?/~
t
; fling; hurl; M
:9Â
Òú; shatter
hamper; N. squirt a quick thin stream of liquid; Ex. a couple of
squirts of oil; V.
limp walk lamely; ADJ: lacking firmness; weak
squeeze a small amount pressed out; Ex. tea with a
mincing affectedly dainty(delicate); V. mince: cut (esp.
squeeze of lemon
meat) into very small pieces; walk with exaggerated
primness; walk in an unnatural way, taking little short puff sudden light rush of air or smoke; act of puffing;
steps; Ex. The actor minced across the stage; CF. mince- V: breathe forcefully and rapidly (during hurried move-
meat; CF. mincer ment); breathe in and out
wisp small bunch (of hair); faint streak (of smoke)
PIECE bale large tightly tied mass; Ex. a bale of pa-
chunk thick mass or piece; Ex. a chunk of per/hay/cotton
stone/wood/bread
hunk chunk, esp. of food; Ex. a hunk of bread
slice thin cleanly-cut piece; Ex. a slice of cheese
lump mass of a solid material (of no regular size or
shape); Ex. a lump of coal/earth/clay
clod lump, esp. of clay or earth; Ex. a clod of earth
wad thick collection of things pressed together (such as
pieces of paper); Ex. a wad of bank notes
block solid straight-sided mass; Ex. a block of ice
slab thick flat (usu. four-sided) piece; Ex. a slab of
stone/cake
rasher thin piece of bacon or ham; Ex. a rasher of bacon
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