B.Sc.

Mathematics (Mathematical Methods) Chapter # 10: Differential Equations of Higher Order

EXERCISE # 10.1

Question # 1:( ) ( ) ( )( )
( )
Solution:
Given equation is

( ) ()

The characteristics equation of ( ) will be

( ) ( ) ( )( )

( )

Therefore, the complementary function is
Therefore, the complementary function is
( ) ( )

( )

( ) ( ( ) ( ))

is required solution.

Question # 2:( ) ( ( ) ( ))

Solution:
is required solution.
Given equation is
( ) Question # 3:( )
()
The characteristics equation of ( ) will be Solution:
Given equation is
( )
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B.Sc. Mathematics (Mathematical Methods) Chapter # 10: Differential Equations of Higher Order

The characteristics equation of ( ) will be Therefore, the complementary function is

Since is a root of characteristic

equation. So we use synthetic division in order
to find the other roots.
is required solution.
1 -4 1 6
-1 0 -1 5 -6
1 -5 6 0
Question # 5:( )

Solution:
Now, the residual equation will be
Given equation is
( ) ()
The characteristics equation of ( ) will be
( ) ( )
( )( )
Since is a root of characteristic
equation. So we use synthetic division in order
Therefore, the complementary function is to find the other roots.

1 -6 12 -8
2 0 2 -8 8
1 -4 4 0
is required solution.

Question # 4:( )
Now the residual equation will be
Solution:
Given equation is
( )
( ) ()
The characteristics equation of ( ) will be
Therefore, the complementary function is

( ) ( )
( )
( )( )
is required solution.

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B.Sc. Mathematics (Mathematical Methods) Chapter # 10: Differential Equations of Higher Order

Question # 6:( )

Solution: ( ) ( )

Given equation is ( )( )

( ) () ( ) ( )

The characteristics equation of ( ) will be

( )

Since is a root of characteristic ( ) ( )( )

equation. So we use synthetic division in order
to find the other roots.

1 -6 3 10
2 0 2 -8 -10
1 -4 -5 0

Now, the residual equation will be

Therefore, the complementary solution is

* ( ) ( )+
( )( )

* ( ) ( )+

Therefore, the complementary solution is

is required solution.

Question # 8:( )

Solution:
is required solution.
Given equation is
Question # 7:( )
( ) ()
Solution:
The characteristics equation of ( ) will be
Given equation is
( ) ()
Since are the roots of characteristic
The characteristics equation of ( ) will be equation. So we use synthetic division in order
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B.Sc. Mathematics (Mathematical Methods) Chapter # 10: Differential Equations of Higher Order
1 2 -2 -6 5
to find the other roots. The synthetic division 1 0 1 3 1 -5
is as follow:- 1 3 1 -5 0
1 0 1 4 5
1 4 5 0
4 -4 -3 4 -1
1 0 4 0 -3 1
4 0 -3 1 0
-1 0 -4 4 -1 Now, the residual equation will be
4 -4 1 0

Now, the residual equation will be

( )( )

Therefore, the complementary solution is

Therefore, the complementary solution is
( )

( ) ( ) ( )

is required solution. is required solution.

Question # 9:( Question # 10 (

) )

Solution: Solution:

Given equation is Given equation is

( ) () ( )
()
The characteristics equation of ( ) will be
The characteristics equation of ( ) will be

Since are the roots of characteristic

equation. So we use synthetic division in order Since are the roots of characteristic
to find the other roots. The synthetic division equation. So we use synthetic division in order
is as follow:- to find the other roots. The synthetic division
is as follow:-

4
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B.Sc. Mathematics (Mathematical Methods) Chapter # 10: Differential Equations of Higher Order

1 -5 6 4 -8
-1 0 -1 6 -12 8
1 -4 -7 22 24
1 -6 12 -8 0 -1 0 -1 5 2 -24
2 0 2 -8 8 1 -5 -2 24 0
1 -4 4 0 -2 0 -2 14 -24
1 -7 12 0

Now, the residual equation will be

Now, the residual equation will be

( ) ( )
( )( ) ( ) ( )
( )( )
Therefore, the complementary solution is

Therefore, the complementary solution is

( )
Or Or
( ) ( )
is required solution. is required solution.

Question # 11 Question # 12 ( )

( ) Solution:
Solution: Given equation is
Given equation is ( ) ()
( ) The characteristics equation of ( ) will be
()
The characteristics equation of ( ) will be
( ) ( ) ( )( ) ( )( )

( )
Since are the roots of
characteristic equation. So we use synthetic ( ) ( )
division in order to find the other roots. The
synthetic division is as follow:- ( )( )

5
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B.Sc. Mathematics (Mathematical Methods) Chapter # 10: Differential Equations of Higher Order

Therefore, the complementary solution is

Therefore,

( ) ( )

is required solution.

Question # 14 ( )
Therefore, the complementary solution is
Solution:
( ) ( )
Given equation is
is required solution.
( ) ()
Question # 13 ( )
The characteristics equation of ( ) will be
Solution:
Given equation is
( )
( ) ()
( )
The characteristics equation of ( ) will be
( )

Since are the roots of characteristic

equation. So we use synthetic division in order ( )( )
to find the other roots. The synthetic division
is as follow:-

1 -1 -3 1 2
1 0 1 0 -3 -2
1 0 -3 -2 0
2 0 2 4 2
1 2 1 0

Now, the residual equation will be

Therefore, the complementary solution is

( )

( )( )

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B.Sc. Mathematics (Mathematical Methods) Chapter # 10: Differential Equations of Higher Order

( ) ( ) Therefore, the complementary solution is

( ) ( )
( )
Therefore,
Therefore,
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
is required solution.
( )
Solve each of the following initial problem.
is required solution.
Question # 16
Question # 15 ( ) ( ) ( )

( ) Solution:

Solution: Given equation is

( ) ()
Given equation is
( ) () The characteristics equation of ( ) will be

The characteristics equation of ( ) will be

Since are the roots of ( ) ( )

characteristic equation. So we use synthetic ( )( )
division in order to find the other roots. The
synthetic division is as follow:-

1 6 15 20 12 Therefore, the complementary solution is

-2 0 -2 -8 -14 -12
1 4 7 6 0
-2 0 -2 -4 -6 Therefore
1 2 3 0
( )

Now, the residual equation will be Differentiating w.r.t we have

( )

Applying ( ) on ( ) we have,

( )

Applying ( ) on ( ) we have,
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B.Sc. Mathematics (Mathematical Methods) Chapter # 10: Differential Equations of Higher Order

( )( )
( )
Using ( ) ( ) we have Therefore, the complementary solution is

Therefore

( )

Differentiating w.r.t we have

( )

Applying ( ) on ( ) we have,

Now ( )
Applying ( ) on ( ) we have,

Thus equation ( ) becomes

Thus equation ( ) becomes

( )
( )
is required solution. is required solution.
Question # 17 Question # 18
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
Solution: Solution:
Given equation is Given equation is
( ) () ( ) ()
The characteristics equation of ( ) will be The characteristics equation of ( ) will be

( ) ( )

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B.Sc. Mathematics (Mathematical Methods) Chapter # 10: Differential Equations of Higher Order

Question # 19
( )

( ) ( ) ( )

Solution:
( )
Given equation is
( ) ()

Therefore, the complementary solution is The characteristics equation of ( ) will be

( )

Therefore Since is a root of characteristic

equation. So we use synthetic division in order
( ) ( ) to find the other roots.
Differentiating w.r.t we have
1 -6 11 -6
( ) (
1 0 1 -5 6
) ( )
1 -5 6 0
Applying ( ) on ( ) we have,

( )
Now, the residual equation will be

Applying ( ) on ( ) we have,

( ) ( )
( )
( )( )

Therefore, the complementary solution is

Thus equation ( ) becomes

Therefore
( )
( )
`is required solution.
Differentiating w.r.t we have

( )

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B.Sc. Mathematics (Mathematical Methods) Chapter # 10: Differential Equations of Higher Order

Applying ( ) on ( ) we have, Thus equation ( ) becomes

( ) is required solution.

Applying ( ) on ( ) we have, Question # 20

( )

( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

Now, differentiating ( ) we have Solution:

( ) Given equation is

Applying ( ) on ( ) we have, ( ) ()

The characteristics equation of ( ) will be

( )
( )
By ( ) ( ) we have

* +
( )
Therefore, the complementary solution is
By ( ) ( ) we have

Therefore
( )
( )

Differentiating w.r.t we have

( )
( )

Again differentiating w.r.t we have

( )

Again differentiating w.r.t we have

( )

Applying ( ) on ( ) we have,

10
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B.Sc. Mathematics (Mathematical Methods) Chapter # 10: Differential Equations of Higher Order

( )

Applying ( ) on ( ) we have,

Written by:
Applying ( ) on ( ) we have,

Muhammad umer asghar

( )
Sese (math)
Applying ( ) on ( ) we have,
Govt. elementary school malwal

Special Thanks:
( )
(i) Prof. Muhammad
( )
Ali(www.houseofphy.co
( ) m)
Thus equation ( ) becomes (ii) Dr. Attique Ur Rehman
Sb(www.mathcity.org)
is required solution.
Contact #:

The end 03074896454

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