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9. Efficiency 1: List Quality .............................................. 105
10. Efficiency 2: Legal Compliance Privacy and Data
Protection Law .............................................................. 113
11. Efficiency 3: Email Deliverability ................................. 119
11.1. Spam filter checks based on email characteristics ................. 120
11.2. Spam filter checks based on sender reputation ...................... 121
11.3. Best practice in email deliverability management ..................124
11.4. The issue of Graymail .............................................................133
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1. Introduction to Our Guides
Econsultancys Best Practice Guides help organisations improve their results from digital
marketing through improved planning and execution.
They have been developed to be the definitive source for best practice on a range of online
marketing topics and aim to explain best practice for successfully implementing established
digital marketing techniques across organisations of all sizes from micro-businesses to
enterprises.
When writing these guides, we work with respected industry thought leaders and seasoned
practitioners to contribute cutting-edge content and the latest learning. These are the people who
live and breathe the subject and are genuinely passionate about sharing their experience and
knowledge. You will find a list of the expert reviewers and contributors in the appendices.
Digital marketing professionals. Individuals in digital marketing teams who are actively
involved in improving results from online marketing activities.
Specialists. Those involved with specific digital channels such as email marketing who need
to understand more about integration with other digital marketing activities.
Managers of digital marketing. Those in a team responsible for planning and controlling
digital marketing.
Marketing managers and team members. Anyone responsible for traditional marketing
who wants to understand the issues involved with successful planning, implementation and
integration of digital marketing activities.
Comprehensive. They cover all aspects needed for success in one place as well as
referencing other in-depth sources across different portals, forums, blogs, whitepapers and
books.
Accessible. Content is segmented to help readers navigate and assimilate relevant content.
In-depth. Topics are covered in sufficient depth to successfully implement suggestions.
Practical. They explain how to implement techniques and provide key success factors that
can be applied straightaway.
Improvement-focused. Our guides explain current strategies, tell you how to refine them
and will then help you implement an improved approach.
Cutting edge. The latest best practice advice is incorporated and potential areas of focus for
the future are highlighted.
Econsultancys Best Practice Guides are updated on a regular basis, so the information contained
within is recent and valid at the time of publication.
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1.1. About Econsultancy
Econsultancys mission is to help its customers achieve excellence in digital business, marketing
and ecommerce through research, training and events.
Founded in 1999, Econsultancy has offices in New York, London and Singapore.
Econsultancy is used by over 600,000 professionals every month. Subscribers get access to
research, market data, best practice guides, case studies and elearning all focused on helping
individuals and enterprises get better at digital.
Seven super exciting predictions for boring old email marketing in 2014
http://econsultancy.com/blog/64180-seven-super-exciting-predictions-for-boring-old-email-marketing-in-2014
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1.2. About the lead author
Dave Littlechild, DL Consulting
Dave has been at the cutting edge of email marketing for the
past decade. With a proactive involvement over the years in
email platform development, Dave helps inspire email
marketers in succeeding in their goals, reducing costs and
developing enormous growth in ROI.
He has worked as a trainer for the Institute of Direct Marketing in the UK and as email trainer
and consultant for Econsultancy in the US.
Dave is currently President and Managing Consultant for DL Consulting in New York, where he
works with clients on both a tactical and strategic level.
Contact details:
consulting@davelittlechild.com
http://uk.linkedin.com/in/davelittlechild
http://twitter.com/davelittlechild
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1.3. Expert reviewers
Dave compiled this report with the aid of an expert team of contributors and reviewers ranging
from clients, agencies, consultants and email service providers to ensure the recommendations
reflect current best practice.
Dave and the Econsultancy team are very grateful to the reviewers for their expertise and time in
helping to shape and improve this guide.
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2. How is This Guide Structured?
Weve created this guide so you can use it to either review your existing email strategy or to help
create a comprehensive email marketing strategy from scratch.
Weve also included a multitude of practical tips you can apply to individual campaigns to help
maximise results.
Importantly, weve structured this guide to cover all aspects of email marketing necessary to
maximise effectiveness. So rather than purely focusing on creative as many books do, well discuss
approaches to segmentation, targeting, communications strategy and testing which are
ultimately much more important to a successful campaign.
There are nine key aspects of an organisations email marketing capability implementation that
must be managed for a successful project.
Figure 1 provides a summary of the main effectiveness and efficiency factors for email marketing
that well cover in this guide.
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4. Effectiveness 4: Creative and copywriting
Email is a unique channel in that the majority of subscribers that do engage tend to act
immediately on first viewing of an email. So creative copywriting and effective layout is vital
in order to encourage action upon first view. Well review examples across different sectors
showing how to achieve or increase engagement.
5. Effectiveness 5: Testing and optimisation
Test, learn and refine. The flexibility and immediacy of email, as with other digital channels,
enables us to put together a testing and optimisation programme which can cover many
variables. Well explain how to implement this.
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Other related Econsultancy content
Five dating tips you can apply to your email marketing
https://econsultancy.com/blog/64270-five-dating-tips-you-can-apply-to-your-email-marketing
Personalised jewellery, personalised email: How Limoges raised revenue per email by 300%
http://econsultancy.com/blog/63154-personalized-jewelry-personalized-email-how-limoges-raised-revenue-
per-email-by-300
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Figure 1: Summary of the main success factors for managing email marketing
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2.3. Features of this guide
Youll find these guidelines within the report. They are designed to summarise the main features
of an effective email communications strategy and to give you an easy way to benchmark your
internal (or agency) capability against others. The different features include:
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3. Introduction: Smarter Email Marketing
3.1. Email: the unsung hero of digital marketing
Email works. It did in the past, it does today and despite new and evolving challenges, its
influence will continue into the foreseeable future.
Email remains one of the most important tools in the digital marketers arsenal, and is still one of
the best ways for a company or brand to reach customers and prospects with relevant, timely
communications.
From our latest Email Marketing Industry Census1 it can be seen that marketers still rate email as
the best channel for return on investment after search engine optimisation, with 66% of
respondents rating email as excellent or good. Only 7% say that email ROI is poor, with a
further 27% describing it as average.
1 http://econsultancy.com/reports/email-census
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4. Effectiveness 1: Aims and Goal Setting
As with all marketing activities, we can only really improve if we compare results from our email
activity with our intended goals. Through this approach we can identify areas where we are
underperforming and try to improve them.
Before we can set goals for email marketing, we need to run through the main measures used to
evaluate it. If youre actively involved in email marketing then you may want to skip this section,
although we may have some measurement tips for you.
What is it?
Using email marketing, web analytics and business reporting systems to assess the effectiveness
of email marketing activities.
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5. Effectiveness 2: Segmentation and
Targeting
If you are still sending one-size-fits-all style communications, or as its termed in the industry,
batch and blast, you are failing to maximise email to its full extent. You are also likely failing to
achieve the level of response or success you could with a more targeted approach.
Today, recipients desire relevant content that feels like a one-to-one communication. This is as
per Drayton Birds maxim of sending communications that make people say How nice of them to
think of me followed by I want to find out more.
This is the opposite of SHOUTING offers at customers; which unfortunately is still how so many
companies and brands continue to conduct their email communications.
What is it?
Sending the right content to the right people at the right time.
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6. Effectiveness 3: Communications
Strategy
There are still many companies whose approach to email communications is relatively ad-hoc.
Whilst its good to have flexibility in your programmes to be able to send certain topical emails,
having a good communication strategy is vital in order to achieve success and maximise
engagement, conversions and revenue.
From our Aims and Goal Setting section, you should now understand your recipients lifecycle,
and its important to put the communication strategy in place to tie this together.
Your communication strategy will define how a series of communications or campaigns are
delivered and where appropriate, integrated with other channels. Relevance, context and timing
for messages at various stages of your customers lifecycle (together with good segmentation and
targeting) are the key areas of focus.
Randy Levy of eDataSource has a good take on setting and improving your strategy. He
recommends:
Further reading
Gmail offers unsubscribe link and the world of email marketing comes to an end
https://econsultancy.com/blog/64410-gmail-offers-unsubscribe-link-and-the-world-of-email-marketing-comes-
to-an-end
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7. Effectiveness 4: Creative and
Copywriting
Email is a challenging channel in that the majority of subscribers act immediately on their first
viewing of an email, if they act at all. A small proportion of visitors may return to a message at a
later point. Blending creative copywriting to engage visitors the moment they review the email for
the first time is vital.
What is it?
In this section we will cover everything from functional attributes, style and tone of voice through
to how to make your emails more persuasive.
This example from specialist digital copywriters Harvest Digital illustrates the conversational
style, which can work so well in email.
Further reading
10 things to avoid using in your email subject lines
http://econsultancy.com/blog/63816-10-things-to-avoid-using-in-your-email-subject-lines
152 killer keywords for email subject lines (and 137 crappy ones)
http://econsultancy.com/blog/63000-152-killer-keywords-for-email-subject-lines-and-137-crappy-ones
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8. Effectiveness 5: Testing and
Optimisation
As with other aspects of digital marketing, one of the great benefits of emails is that we can test,
learn and refine relatively easily, in a short-ish timescale and at a fairly low cost. In this section,
we explain how to put together an email testing and optimisation programme.
Whilst the number of email marketers now undertaking testing is on the increase, our Email
Census shows that its still not as prevalent as perhaps it could (or should) be, with less than a
third of respondents saying that they test regularly. Advances in technology, particularly with
many ESPs, should mean that testing becomes more widespread, and with less drain on resource.
Lets now review the different options for testing and improving email marketing.
What is it?
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9. Efficiency 1: List Quality
From our Email Census, its clear that many are finding the biggest barrier to effective email
marketing to be list quality. This shows that improving the quality of your database is vital to
delivering targeted messages that perform well.
David Daniels from The Relevancy Group cites that nearly a third of emails go bad every year. He
goes on to highlight some challenges, in that at any time you have a number of addresses in your
list that are gold, others that are just dud and some that only behave how you want them to at a
particular time of year. The trick is to understand which are which and improve those that you
can.
In this section we review how you can assess and improve list quality and also maximise the
growth in email subscribers.
A good starting point when considering list quality is assessing the value of an email address.
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10. Efficiency 2: Legal Compliance Privacy
and Data Protection Law
You need to know the latest relevant laws inside out in the countries you operate in to get the best
from email marketing. Many companies restrict their activities through poor understanding of the
law, whilst others risk possible fines for not complying.
Well give an overview of some of the legal requirements around privacy and data protection,
however ours and the authors disclaimer is that we are not (nor do we wish to become) lawyers.
This is based upon our reading of the law, and does not constitute legal advice. Rather, well break
the key points down into plain language.
The main laws specifically related to email marketing are privacy and data protection related and
it is on these we focus in this section.
What is it?
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11. Efficiency 3: Email Deliverability
According to email intelligence company Return Path, more than 20% of all commercial email
does not make it to the inbox. Thats the legitimate stuff, and thats a pretty high number.
The compilations from corporate inbound email management services such as MessageLabs show
that spam still fluctuates between 70% and 90% of all messages flying around cyberspace,
depending on the latest anti-spam initiatives or which prolific spammers have been arrested
recently.
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12. Efficiency 4: Email Templates and
Renderability
Getting your template design right is one of the most important areas of email marketing. Poorly
designed templates will either be ineffective at driving recipient response, can affect deliverability
or could increase unsubscribes.
Spammers are sloppy in both design and coding, meaning that in addition to delivery risks, if
your badly designed or coded email does make the inbox, theres a risk that recipients will still
consider your email to be spam if it doesnt display properly. At worse this leads to complaints,
whilst at best it gets deleted and not actioned.
The ever-increasing challenge here is with the enormous variety of email clients and mobile
devices and the way they choose to handle and display your email. This presents a challenge in
both displaying and not breaking, and displaying in a way that users are able to interact with your
emails.
Despite this, many email template designs fail. Theyre often created by designers experienced in
web or print, but they dont work well in the inbox. Some of the main reasons they fail include:
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13. Appendix
13.1. Glossary
Bounce rate
See hard bounce and soft bounce. Note that in web analytics, bounce rate typically refers to
the percentage of people who visit a landing page, but do not visit a subsequent page.
Behavioural targeting
Email subscribers are sent specific messages dependent on previous actions such as opening or
clicking on an email, browsing a category on a website or, more generally, purchasing particular
products.
Copy check
Dynamic content
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13.3. Model for evaluating email marketing capability
A. Goal setting and C. Segmentation, D. Email marketing
Email marketing B. Contact strategy and
evaluation for email targeting and integration and E. Test and learn
capability level policy
marketing personalisation governance
1. Limited relevance
Pray and Spray
CMM: Initial
2. Improving relevance
CMM: Managed
3. Segmented relevance
CMM: Defined
4. Contextual relevance
CMM: Quantitatively
managed
5. Optimised relevance
CMM: Optimizing
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13.4. Diagnostic questions used to assess email marketing
capabilities
Capability
Statements and questions about the management Capability
rating (Select
of email marketing in your organisation level criteria
Yes, No, N/A)
A. Goal setting and evaluation
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Capability
Statements and questions about the management Capability
rating (Select
of email marketing in your organisation level criteria
Yes, No, N/A)
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13.5. Email marketing resources
Trade associations and membership groups
Deliverability and reputation organisations
Publishers, research and media companies
Free email marketing info sources, blogs, advice and how-to
Above compiled courtesy of Karen Talavera at Synchronicity Marketing.
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