CGE 674

FORMATION EVALUATION
CHAPTER 3

FACULTY OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

UiTM, SHAH ALAM
3.0 Quick Look Log Interpretation
Learning Outcomes

After completing this topic, you should be

able to:
- Identify the fluid contacts (GOC and
OWC) from a reservoir system
comprising gas, oil and water
- Analyze GOC and OWC from a set of
log data
Outline

1.1 Determination of Fluid Contacts (GOC

and OWC) from Well Log Data
- Permeable and Non-Permeable Zones
- Water Bearing and HC Bearing Zones
- Identification of GOC and OWC
1.1 GOC and OWC from Well Log Data

Overview of a Reservoir System

Evaluation from
Log Data

1) Permeable and Non-Permeable Zones

2) GOC and OWC at Permeable Zone

Permeable and Non-Permeable Zones from Logs

1) WHICH LOGS CAN BE USED TO IDENTIFY

PERMEABLE ZONE???
GR and SP logs

2) WHY DO WE NEED TO IDENTIFY

PERMEABLE ZONE???
Permeable zone (reservoir rocks) is the interest
zone potentially containing hydrocarbons
Permeable and Non-Permeable Zones from Logs

1) REFER TO GR LOG TO IDENTIFY

PERMEABLE ZONE AND NON-
PERMABLE ZONES
ol
High GR readings at
impermeable zone
containing shale

Low GR readings at
permeable zone
containing reservoir
rocks (e.g. sandstone)
Permeable and Non-Permeable Zones from Logs

2) REFER TO SP LOG TO VERIFY

PERMEABLE AND NON-PERMEABLE
ZONES IDENTIFIED FROM GR LOG
 Shale
baseline
ol
High GR readings at
impermeable zone
containing shale

Low GR readings at
permeable zone
containing reservoir
rocks (e.g. sandstone)
 Shale
baseline
ol
High GR readings at
impermeable zone
containing shale

Deflection of SP
curve from shale Low GR readings at
baseline shows permeable zone
permeable zone containing reservoir
rocks (e.g. sandstone)
Water Bearing and HC Bearing Zones

1) WHICH LOGS CAN BE USED TO IDENTIFY

WATER BEARING AND HC BEARING
ZONES???
Porosity logs (Neutron and Density) and
Resistivity logs

2) WHY DO WE NEED TO IDENTIFY THESE

ZONES???
To determine fluid contacts (GOC and OWC) for
estimating the amount of HC reserves for drilling
and production plan strategies
Permeable Zone

Zone
Permeable
Water Bearing and HC Bearing Zones

AT THE PERMEABLE ZONE, REFER TO

NEUTRON AND DENSITY LOGS TO
DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN GAS AND
LIQUID ZONES
Large
separation
between Neutron
and Density logs
Butterfly
Effect shows
gas zone
Permeable
Zone
Liquid Zone

Small
separation
of Neutron
and Density
logs at liquid
zone
Water Bearing and HC Bearing Zones

AT LIQUID ZONE, REFER TO

RESISTIVITY LOG TO DIFFERENTIATE
BETWEEN WATER AND OIL ZONES
 Permeable
Zone

High
Resistivity
readings at HC
zone

Low Resistivity
readings at
water zone
Identification of GOC and OWC

FINALLY, GOC AND OWC CAN BE

IDENTIFIED FROM THOSE LOG
INTERPRETATION TECHNIQUES
 Permeable
Zone

GOC

OWC
1.2 Exercise

1. Identify GOC and OWC from a set of log data

From the following set of log data consisting of

GR, Neutron, Density and Resistivity logs, interpret
the features from A D. Justify your reasons.
A A

B B

C C

D D
Identify GOC and OWC from a set of log data

ANSWER & DISCUSSION

End of Lecture