New Nation

Document What are the main points? What does this indicate about What potential conflicts arise What group does this
the New Nation? from this perspective? document represent?

Hector St. Jean Life in Europe vs. North
de Crevecoeur America
(1782) The rich and poor
are not as
separate as they
are in Europe
Poor people in North
America become more
well off than the ones in
Europe (wealth equality;
not a profound difference
between groups in 1782)
Relative degree
Americanism isnt about
ones past. It is more
about their mindset
Believes that North
America is the most
perfect place because
man can be free
United States is a
melting pot of
cultures/background
In America, people can
easily make something
of themselves.
Americans should love
their country because of
the greater opportunities
Lots of opportunity
Right to pull yourself up
Be able to make yourself
who you want
Has lots of land
Leads to people being
agriculture based (for
the most part)
Not very good
infrastructure
Needs good
communication system
Their houses were better
Lawyers and merchants
are the highest jobs
No monarchy system,
system is for the people
Perfect and equal
society
Melting pot of many
races/ethnicities
Mainly western
immigrants that
DO have ethnic
differences, but
for the most part
are very similar
Americans dont really Represents the
have endless land, the
Native Americans have
the right to the land and
still own portions
Native Americans, some
women, slaves, and
other lesser fortunate
people will disagree.
They tried to work the
system and it failed for
them.
viewpoint of someone
who loves America and
finds it to be better than
other nations
Written by someone from
New York
Someone who has
benefitted from the
American system and
not felt its cons
Upper-middle class men
who owns land
(prosperous farmer)
Able to feel proud
of their
accomplishments
and has a sense
of hope
 they can procure
Greater opportunities,
extensive territory, the
American Dream,
Diversity and
Government

Susannah Charlotte Temple used Republican The women werent Women

Rowson (1794) scare tactics Motherhood agreeable and many of
convince/scare women Didnt want women to them were against the
to behave have an official say, Republican Motherhood
women were important could only influence the message (there are
to the Revolution, and men around them certain things you are
wanted a greater say Feared another uprising supposed to do)
Women were like the one in France Though there is a new
important during Wanted to keep women country/new mission
the American in their place to avoid a statement, there are new
Revolution by mess ideals it doesnt mean
making A woman's place is very that the role of the
homemade narrowly defined women have to be
goods, dealing suppressed
with business
when men are
gone fighting the
war
Because the war is over
and the country is
established, they dont
want the women to
advocate for
rights/property
Control womens
behavior, create a level
of social stability, avoid
the turmoil in France,
didnt want women to
 rise up
Venture Smith It was difficult to escape
(1798) the chains of slavery
No law's/protections
about freeing slaves
Slaves must abide by the
will of their master,
regardless of how
unreasonable
Though the slaves
worked hard, they arent
given much rewards
The idea that working
hard = earning
something for yourself
doesnt pertain to slaves
who can embody the
same aspirations
(citizenship, success)
George Separating
Washington ourselves/geographical
(1796) stereotyping isnt the
right path to follow
Addresses foreign policy
and political parties as
the two greatest danger
to American prosperity
Washington worries
about unity, specifically
geographical unity
Doesnt want political
parties or factions to
unite and go against
Profound inequality
Slaves were seen
as
property/animals
being less than
human
Yes, people can still
make something of
themselves, but some
people start out lower
than others
Some work much harder
than others for less
payoff
Needs influence of
religion and morality
We need to have
a level of morality
tied in with an
aspect of religion
Competing visions are
emerging
Should Not interfere with
European affairs
System isnt fair towards Enslaved African
slaves Americans
Ethical arguments over
slavery
The element of race
Political parties and American leaders
massive factions has the (wealthy white men
potential to cause participating in
extreme tension in the government)
country (leaders of
parties can potentially
destroy all liberty)
Foreign policies and
whether or not we should
get involved
 each other, (compare to
Federalist 10; Madison
argues that factions
cannot be disbanded,
but the effects of them
can be minimized)
Failure of the parties to
govern and work things
out has repercussions

James Madison Forcing people to follow Religion is up to the Force on beliefs over Religious groups and
(1785) a religion/certain type of person and how they another is very intellectuals
(Memorial and There should be a interpret it, and forcing reminiscent of Europes Conflict between
separation between them by religion leads to crazy desire to convert people who have
Remonstrance
church and state no authenticity people intellectual or.
Against Religious Enforcing religion is The new Nation wasnt Have to protect other religious sense of
Assessments, wrong sure how it wanted to be; groups, problem with things
1785) No religion is better than the idea of freedom of deciding who and how
another religion hadnt solidified Some states may be
Behavior causes the in people's minds more protected, this may
faith to be at risk Regional cause problems amongst
If they dont really identities others
believe it, whats believed in the Religious
the point? same things and conflicts will
Its not an believed that they bleed over
authentic COULD force
conversion religion
Profound The conversion between
difference regional to national
between how the identity is foreign
Spanish and They were
French converted thinking too
indigenous small
people need to protect other
Religion is an individual groups
choice, not based off of The New Nation is wiser
 the rules of society and takes into account
People have freedom to the rights people have as
choose these structures individuals
A civil magistrate doesnt
need to decide whats a
good religion/bad religion
Churches historically,
have used the method of
forcing religion and it
doesnt work out well
Creates
uniformity, not
depth in devotion
Reduces the
spread of
Christianity
Freedom of religion is
the best option for the
New Nation because
they outlined such rights
in the Declaration

Early Republic

Document What are the main points? What does this indicate about What potential conflicts arise What group does this
the Early Republic? from this perspective? document represent?

Letter of Cato Its cruel and unfair that
(1781) Pennsylvania is sending
free slaves back to their
white masters
The free men would
rather die by hanging
than go back to the
Think theyre
special/unique
Reliant on slavery
Slavery is essential to
economy, people reject
their morals for the sake
of prospering
People worry about Freed Slaves
economy and property African Americans
People lose things of Members of Assembly
value when slavery was
abolished
Argument between
slavery being immoral vs
 harsh system of slavery
and under the rule of a
master
The king of Great Britain
was the one who forced
slavery but not that they
are no longer under the
rule of him, why are they
reinstating it?
The slaves did nothing to
become slaves and have
lived in undeserved
bondage
People been given
freedom and
independence and
should extend it to all
humans, regardless of
race
Thomas The Anglo-descended
Jefferson (1788) people are superior to
the African Americans
African Americans are
different and arent as
smart and imaginative
The African Americans
sweat more, making
them smell worse than
the white people
Arguing against
miscegenation (mixed
races)
This document is
essentially the
foundation for American
Beginnings of racism
The people are Repulsive levels of
inherently racist
The nation was founded
by people who are
concerned with race
Racism is a cultural
norm and part of society
Founded by people with
racist ideals
They were aware that
slavery was inhumane
so they justified their
actions with this
The juxtaposition
between American
democracy and slavery
how slavery allows
greater production of
goods and preservation
of objects of value (they
did pay a substantial
amount of money for
them)
Racism
Racist white men
racism can elicit an White slave owners
indignant response from Those afraid of mixing
certain groups of people races
Emergence of the
abolition
prominent racism
Black vs White
Whites vs Whites
Benjamin Banneker
confronts Jefferson
which elicits an indignant
response from him
 racism makes the founders
Jefferson justifies white uncomfortable
supremacy/superiority by
stating that Anglo-
descendants are
superior, being smarter,
more imaginative and
sweat less.

Tecumseh The continent that the People were stealing Land disputes All Native Americans,
(1810) white men are colonizing land from the Native Native Americans versus regardless of their tribe
was once the red men Americans Whites
and childrens White Americans treated
Before the Europeans the native americans
arrived, the Native poorly and pushing them
Americans were able to off of land that they have
roam the continent and the right to occupy
were happy Racial identifications
White people have no Conflict of land
right to take the land
from the Indians, who
had the land first and
settled on it way before
them
Calling for unity
Whoever lived on the
land first has the right to
do what he pleases
Calls all of the Native
Americans, regardless of
their tribe, to look past
their differences and
form one group
They have the right to
the land and white
people are greedy
Congress Grundy White men are greedy War hawks versus non- Native Americans and
Debates Going Thinks the British are to Americans constantly war hawks Southern white men
to War (1811) blame for the indians fear revolt Expansion versus not to People in general
He hopes to gain Lots of concern with expand
Canada and Florida territorial, expansion and Federalist vs Democratic
Concerned that there will Native Americans Republicans
be less power in the Conflict between Emerging tensions
North allowing for warhawks and people between North and
slavery to expand in the who dont want war South
South Regional differences
Slaveholding Different places
states will benefit from
expand, economy England
will not be run to Emerging tensions
support between north and south
manufacturing Southern farmers
land is needed somewhat rely of
England to buy their
Randolph cotton
Theres no proof that its
a governmental policy
It may be happening in
smaller circumstances,
but not nationally
We dont gain access to
Canada after declaring
war
Worried the slaves will
become inspired again
and revolt against their
white masters
Not a lot of
indication that
this could occur,
but theyre
terrified of
 potential slave
revolts
Haitian revolts
Regional differences-
England and the
Southern planters have a
good trade relationship

Abigail Bailey Risk shame and
dishonor to act against
from how a woman
should act
Republican motherhood
doesnt work out very
well
Takes the support from
numerous people around
her
A supportive family is Men arent going to be Women
crucial to surviving very happy with this
The new nation didnt Men versus
give women a lot of women
opportunities to express Competing conflicts,
themselves visions, and issue
Women are not allowed between people
to take action in their
society

Early Republic:
- Tells us about the great imbalance
- Talks a lot about what is possible to achieve
- Possibility of equality
- Underlying potential for conflicts
- Profound inequality despite the possibility for equality
- Discusses the power and opportunity that comes from this new country
New Nation:
- How the power and opportunity doesnt work out
- A lot of conflicts between different perspects

Abigail Bailey vs
Cato vs Jefferson
Contrasting these documents paints the picture of what the conflicts were
Practice of working out different groups is challenging and messy

Summarize the challenges of the following groups:

White Males
- Justifying their racism, sexism, and right to land, problems with Indians and English

White Women
- Exerting their ideas in society

Black Americans (male)

- Lasting effects of slavery, racism, more difficult to survive and work their way up

American Indians
- Americans stealing land, not being seen as equal by the American government

Politicians
- Justifying American democracy while women and slaves are still oppressed