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Lab 9 : Air-Conditioning
BMM 3531 Eng. Thermodynamics Lab
Lab Instructors
Date: ____________________
20
Group Members Student ID Section
100
The Air-Conditioning Unit includes all the components found in air-conditioners installed in
buildings. It additionally has a complete refrigeration unit, enabling the system to cover most of the
spectrum of experiments in the field of refrigeration and air-conditioning engineering.
In compiling the exercises, care was taken to achieve a didactically logical sequence. The first
element is a theoretical introduction to the individual components and their mode of functioning.
Later the principles are investigated in more detail on the basis of experiments. This does not only
involve calculations; rather, the greater part of the evaluation procedure is carried out with the aid of
graphs. The measured values are display on digital indicators for recording and calculation purposes.
1
10
3 11
4
6 12
13
8 14
15
Based on the various measurement locations, the schematic for the complete air-conditioning
system is as follows.
iv) Pre-heater
The pre-heater consists of four electric air heaters, each with an output of 0.5 kW. The
individual heaters are configured to enable heating powers of 0, 1 and 2 kW to be set.
v) Evaporator
The evaporator used is the direct evaporator of a refrigeration unit.
vi) Re-Heater
The re-heater is constructed in exactly the same way as the pre-heater. The individual air
heaters only deliver an output of 0.25 kW, however, which means a maximum heating power
of 1 kW is achieved.
vii) Orifice
Mass flow rate can be calculated from the orifice correlation by measuring differential
pressure across the orifice.
The refrigeration unit circulates the refrigerant R134a. The following schematic shows the circuit,
and the components of the unit.
The temperatures and pressures in the refrigerant circuit are recorded by electronic sensors and
indicated on digital indicators. The volume flow of the refrigerant is measured with the aid of a flow
transmitter.
There are 4 basic processes or changes in state of the refrigerant occur in a Vapour-Compression
Refrigeration Cycle. These 4 processes shall be illustrated in the most simplistic way with the aid of
above Schematic Sketch.
i) Compression Process (1 to 2)
Refrigerant at point 1 is low temperature and low Pressure gas. In order to be able to use it
again to achieve the refrigerating effect continuously, it must be brought back to liquid form at
a high pressure. The first steep in this process is to increase the pressure of the refrigerant gas
by using a compressor. Compressing the gas also results in increasing its temperature.
Students need to develop by themselves the fundamental of air conditioning system according to
thermodynamics principles. This part should cover cyclic process of the air conditioning system and
it processes on T-s and p-h diagrams. Students also need to explain equation involve in order to
determine performance of the system. Your theory should reflect to objectives.
1. Perform a quick inspection to ensure that the unit is in proper operating condition.
2. Make sure the humidifier water supply is connected to a tap water source.
3. Connect a drain hose to the condensate collector at the bottom of the air duct.
4. Turn on the power supply switch.
5. Switch on the main power switch for the air
Procedures:
1. Switch on the radial fan and run the air velocity at 15 to 75 percent of the maximum air
speed.
2. Switch on the refrigeration unit.
3. Allow the system for approximately 15 minutes to reach steady state.
4. Record temperature TT1, TT2, TT3, TT4, PT1 and PT2 of the refrigeration circuit. Obtain
the refrigerant flowrate, FT1 from refrigerant flowmeter.
1. Switch off the pre-heaters and re-heaters and allow the heaters to cool down with fan on.
2. Turn off the fan speed control knob, then the fan switch.
3. Make sure that all other switches on the control panel are switched off.
4. Switch off the main switch and power supply.
5. Close the tap water supply.
5.0 Results
6.0 Discussions
Discuss outcomes of the result based on the experimental data obtained. You may apply your
understanding in thermodynamics principles. Show all graph, chart, calculation process
involve. You may use the attachment given.
7.0 Question
8.0 Conclusion
Based on the experiment, draw your own conclusion.
9.0 References
State any references used. Make sure your report should not use website link as you
reference.
Acknowledgement
Thanks to the following staffs for their contributions in preparing the laboratory sheet: