UNIT 1: BODY SYSTEMS

o Body systems work together so that our body has the nutrients and oxygen that it needs.

BODY SYSTEMS

DIGESTIVE NERVOUS CIRCULATORY RESPIRATORY EXCRETORY REPRODUCTIVE

SYSTEM SYSTEM SYSTEM SYSTEM SYSTEM SYSTEM

It helps us It is like a It takes It helps us It eliminates It makes it

digest our network nutrients and breathe. It waste. possible for us to
food. that gives oxygen to all takes oxygen have babies.
messages parts of the from the air and
to all parts body. It moves expels carbon
of the blood through dioxide.
body. the heart and
around our body.

SOME ORGANS

SENSE DIGESTIVE CIRCULATORY NERVOUS EXCRETORY RESPIRATORY

ORGANS SYSTEM SYSTEM SYSTEM SYSTEM SYSTEM

Eyes Large Heart Brain Kidneys Lungs

Ears intestine
Nose Small
Tongue intestine
Skin Liver
Stomach
Pancreas

CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

HEART BLOOD VESSELS BLOOD

It is a muscle ARTERIES VEINS CAPILLARIES It gives cells
divided into four oxygen and
carry blood carry blood are very small vessels that
parts: the left nutrients and
from the back to the connect arteries and veins.
and right atriums also collects
heart to the heart from
and the left and waste products.
rest of the the rest of
right ventricles.
body. our body.
It is located in
the centre of our
body. It
contracts and
relaxes to pump
blood through
the blood vessels
in our body.
 HOW BLOOD TRAVELS THROUGH THE HEART:

1. Blood enters the heart through the veins and goes into the right atrium.
2. The blood passes from the right atrium to the right ventricle.
3. The right ventricle contracts and pumps the blood to the lungs. Here the blood takes
oxygen and expels carbon dioxide.
4. The blood, now carrying oxygen comes back to the heart from the lungs through the left
atrium.
5. The blood passes from the left atrium to the left ventricle.
6. The left ventricle pumps the blood through the arteries to the rest of the body.

HOW DOES THE RESPIRATORY BREATHING IN AND BREATHING

SYSTEM WORK?
OUT
1. We breathe in air through our NOSE We breathe in oxygen from the air and we
and MOUTH. breathe out carbon dioxide.
2. The PHARYNX opens and the air goes
down a tube called the TRACHEA.
3. The air travels down two tubes called
BRONCHI and enter the LUNGS.
4. Inside the lungs, the bronchi divide
into smaller tubes. At the end of them,
there are tiny sacs called ALVEOLI.
5. The oxygen from the air passes from
the lungs into our blood through the
alveoli.
The lungs are the main organs in the
6. Carbon dioxide (CO2) from our body
respiratory system but we cannot breathe in
passes from our blood into the lungs
our out without the DIAPHRAGM.
through the alveoli. When we breathe
The diaphragm is a strong muscle below the
out, the carbon dioxide leaves our
lungs. It contracts when we breathe in to allow
lungs.
our lungs to fill with air.
The diaphragm relaxes when we breathe out.
 EXCRETORY SYSTEM
HOW DOES THE EXCRETORY SYSTEM
WORK?

The KIDNEYS clean the waste from our blood.

This waste combines with water to make urine.
The URETERS are the tubes that take urine
to the bladder.
The BLADDER is a bag that collects urine.
When it starts to get full, its time to go to
the toilet.
The URETHRA is the tube that takes urine
out of our body.

REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

The reproductive systems are different in men and women.

They need to work together.
MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

URETHRA OVARIES
It is a tube in the penis. Sperm travels They store and produce ova (female sex cells).
through the urethra to the outside of the
body. UTERUS
It is connected to the ovaries by tubes.
TESTICLES
They store and produce sperm (male sex cell). VAGINA
It is a muscular tube that connects the uterus
PENIS to the outside of the body.
They are connected to the testicles by small
tubes. VULVA
It is on the outside of the body. It covers the
SCROTUM opening to the vagina.
It is a bag of skin where the testicles are
located.
 HOW WE ARE BORN
FERTILISATION PREGNANCY BIRTH
When a sperm joins an ovum When the fertilised ovum develops When the baby leaves the uterus
cell. into a baby in the uterus. and is born after nine months.
The reproduction process
begins.