g]kfn /fi6 a}+saf6 s, v / u ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt

;+:yfx?nfO{ hf/L ul/Psf]

PsLs[t lgb]{zg @)&$

-PsLs[t lgb]{zg, @)&# / ;f] kZrft ldlt @)&$ ;fpg ( ut];Dd hf/L ePsf
kl/kqlgb]{zg ;d]tnfO{ ;dfj]z u/L kl/dfh{g ul/Psf]_

g]kfn /fi6 a}+s

s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu

@)&$ ;fpg
 ljifo;"rL

qm=;+= ljifo k[i7 ;+Vof

1 Go"gtd k"+hLsf]if ;DaGwL Joj:yf . 1

2 shf{;fk^sf] juL{s/)f / shf{ gf]S;fgL ;DaGwL Joj:yf . 85

3 Psn u|fxs tyf If]qut shf{ ;fk^ / ;"ljwfsf] ;Ldf lgwf{/)f ;DaGwL Joj:yf . 117

4 n]vf gLlt tyf ljQLo laj/)fx?sf] (frf ;DaGwL Joj:yf . 124

5 sf/f]af/df lglxt hf]lvd Go"gLs/)f ug]{ ;DaGwL Joj:yf . 172

6 ;+:yfut ;"zf;g ;DaGwL Joj:yf . 179

7 ;"kl/j]IfsLo lgb]{zg nfu" ug]{ sfo{ tflnsf ;DaGwL Joj:yf . 198

8 nufgL ;DaGwL Joj:yf . 200

9 tYof ljj/)f ;DaGwL Joj:yf . 204

10 ;+:yfks ;]o/ gfd;f/L jf vl/blaqmL jf xs x:tfGt/)f ;DaGwL Joj:yf . 235

11 ;xljQLos/)f shf{ ;DaGwL Joj:yf . 244

12 shf{ ;'rgf tyf sfnf];'rL ;DaGwL Joj:yf . 249

13 clgjfo{ df}Hbfta}wflgs t/ntf ;DaGwL Joj:yf . 269

14 zfvfsfof{no vf]Ng] ;DaGwL Joj:yf . 275

15 Aofhb/ ;DaGwL Joj:yf . 288

16 ljQLo ;|f]t ;+sng ;DaGwL Joj:yf . 297

17 ljkGg ju{ tyf tf]lsPsf pTkfbgzLn If]qdf k|jfx ug"{kg]{ shf{ ;DaGwL Joj:yf . 303

18 :t/f]Gglt x"g], sfo{If]q lj:tf/ jf ;+s"rg tyf ufEg]ufleg] ;DaGwL Joj:yf . 313

19 ;DklQ z"$Ls/)f tyf cft+sjfbL sfo{df ljQLo nufgL lgjf/)f ;DaGwL Joj:yf . 326

20 ;xfos sDkgL ;DaGwL Joj:yf . 347

21 On]S^f]lgs dfWodaf^ x"g] a}ls -O{a}ls_ ;]jf ;DaGwdf . 350

22 ljQLo u|fxs ;+/If)f tyf ljQLo ;fIf/tf ;DaGwL Joj:yf 354

23 ljljw Joj:yf ;DaGwdf . 358

 g]kfn /fi6 a}+s
s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu

O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= !)&$

Go"gtd k"+hLsf]if ;DaGwL Joj:yf .

o; a}+saf6 s, v / u ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] sfod ug'{ kg]{ Go'gtd k'FhLsf]if ;DaGwdf
g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf &( n] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L b]xfosf] lgb]{zg hf/L ul/Psf] 5 .
!= sfod ug'{ kg]{ Go'gtd k'FhLsf]if
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:Yffn] cfgf] s'n hf]lvd efl/t ;DklQsf] cfwf/df b]xfo adf]lhd Go'gtd k'FhLsf]if
cg'kft sfod ug'{ kg]{5 .
hf]lvd efl/t ;DklQsf] cfwf/df sfod /fVg' kg]{ Go'gtd k'FhLsf]if
;+:yf -k|ltzt_
k|fylds k'FhL k'FhLsf]if
s ju{ Capital Adequacy Framework, 2015 adf]lhd
/fli6o:t/sf v ju{ Capital Adequacy Framework, 2007 (Updated July 2008) adf]lhd
cGo v / u ju{ %=% !!=)

@= k'FhLsf]if
k'FhLsf]if eGgfn] k|fylds k'FhL / k'/s k'FhLsf] of]u ;Demg' kb{5 .
s ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] k'FhLsf]ifsf] u0fgf ;+nUg cg';"rL !=! df Joj:yf ePsf] Capital
Adequacy Framework, 2015 adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{5 . /fli6o:t/sf v ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn]
k'FhLsf]ifsf] u0fgf ;+nUg cg';"rL !=@ df Joj:yf ePsf] Capital Adequacy Framework, 2007 (Updated
July 2008) cg';f/ ug'{ kg]{5 . cGo v tyf ;Dk"0f{ u ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] k'FhLsf]ifsf]
u0fgf ;+nUg lgb]{zg kmf=g+= !=! / !=@ df tf]lsP adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{5 . t/, /fli6o:t/sf u ju{sf ljQ
sDkgLxn] k'FhLsf]if kof{Kttf cg'kftsf ljj/0fx? tyf jflif{s ljj/0fx? Capital Adequacy
Framework, 2007 (Updated July 2008) cg';f/ ;d]t ;dfgfGt/ -Parallel_ ?kdf tof/ u/L ;DalGwt
;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf lgoldt ?kdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
#= k'FhLsf]ifsf] juL{s/0f -/fli6o:t/ afx]ssf v ju{ / ;Dk"0f{ u ju{sf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] xsdf_M
kFh
" Lsf]if u0fgf k|of]hgsf] lgldQ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] k'FhLsf]ifnfO{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf zLif{sx? /xg] u/L @
efudf juL{s/0f ug'{ kg]{5 .
!= k|fylds k'FhL
-s_ r'Qmf k'FhL -;fwf/0f ;]o/_
-v_ k|:tfljt af]g; ;]o/
-u_ ;]o/ lk|ldod
-3_ lkmtf{ gx'g] cu|flwsf/ ;]o/ (Irredeemable Preference Share)
-_ ;fwf/0f hu]8f sf]if
-r_ ;l~rt gfkmfgf]S;fg
-5_ k'FhL lkmtf{ hu]8f sf]if (Capital Redemption Reserve)
-h_ k'FhL ;dfof]hg sf]if
-em_ sN; Og P8\efG;
-`_ cGo :jtGq sf]if

1
 k|fylds k'FhL u0fgf ubf{ b]xfosf zLif{sx?df /x]sf] /sd 36fpg' kg{]5 M
-s_ Voflt (Goodwill),
-v_ :yug s/ ;DklQ (Deferred Tax Assets)
-u_ o; a}+sn] tf]s]sf] ;LdfeGbf a9L x'g] u/L ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] ;]o/ tyf ;'/If0fkqdf nufgL
u/]sf]] /sd,
-3_ cfgf] ljQLo :jfy{ ePsf ;+ul7t ;+:yfx?sf] ;]o/ tyf ;'/If0fkqdf u/]sf] ;Dk"0f{
nufgL /sd,
-_ cjf:tljs ;DklQ (Fictitious assets)
o; k|of]hgsf] nflu cg';Gwfg, ljsf; tyf sDKo'6/ ;6j]o/ afx]ssf cGo
cjf:tljs vr{ ;Demg' k5{ .
-r_ k|rlnt P]g tyf sfg'gn] k|ltaGw u/]sf JolQm tyf ;d'xnfO{ k|bfg u/]sf] shf{ tyf
;'ljwf .
t/, pko'{Qm JolQm tyf ;d'xnfO{ shf{ tyf ;'ljwf k|bfg ubf{ k|rlnt P]g tyf sfg'gn]
k|ltaGw gu/]sf] cj:yfdf ;f] k|ltaGw nfu]sf] ! jif{ jf shf{sf] e'QmfgL cjlw ;dfKt
x'g] ;dodWo] h'g cl3 x'G5 ;f] ;do;Dd of] Joj:yf nfu" x'g] 5}g .
-5_ o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zg kfngf gu/L :jMk|of]hgsf nflu 3/hUuf vl/b u/]sf] /sd lgb]{zgdf
tf]lsP adf]lhdsf] zt{ ;Ldfleq gcfP;Dd .
-h_ ;+:yf cfkm}n] ;LdfeGbf a9L cfjf; ejg lgdf{0f tyf hUuf ljsf;df nufgL u/]sf]
/sd .
-em_ tf]lsPsf] ;doleq laqmL ljt/0f ug{ g;s]sf] ;]o/ k|Tofe"lt .
@= k'/s k'FhL
k|fylds k'FhLeGbf a9L ;dfj]z ug{ gkfOg] u/L k'/s k'FhLdf lgDg zLif{sx? cGtu{t /x]sf /sdx?
;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{ 5 M
-s_ ;fdfGo shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
o; zLif{s cGtu{t ;lqmo shf{sf] lgldQ Joj:yf ul/Psf] /sd dfq ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
;lqmo ;lxt cGo shf{sf nflu o; a}+saf6 tf]lsPsf] cg'kfteGbf a9L shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
u/]sf] v08df To:tf] cltl/Qm shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf u/]sf] k'/} /sd / k'g/;+/rgf /
k'g/tflnsLs/0f u/]sf shf{x?df yk u/]sf] shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf /sdnfO{ cltl/Qm shf{
gf]S;fgL Joj:yfdf ;dfj]z ug{ ;lsg] 5 .
t/, pko{'Qm zLif{sx?df /x]sf] s'n /sd a}+ssf] s'n hf]lvd efl/t ;DklQsf] !=@% k|ltzt
eGbf a9L x'g] u/L k'/s k'FhLdf ;dfj]z ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
-v_ ;DklQ k'gd"{Nofg sf]if
k'/s k'FhL u0fgf ubf{ ;DklQ k'gd"{Nofg sf]if jfktsf] /sd ;d]t ;dfj]z u/L lgl:sPsf] s'n
k'/s k'FhLsf] @ k|ltzt;Dd u0fgf ug{ kfOg] 5 . o; sf]ifdf /x]sf] /sd jf s'n k'/s k'FhLsf]
@ k|ltztdWo] h'g sd x'G5 ;f]xL /sd dfq ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{ 5 . o;/L ;DklQ k'gd"{Nofg
sf]ifsf] /sd ;dfj]z ubf{ ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ;f] ;DaGwdf :ki6 gLltut
Joj:Yff u/L ;~rfns ;ldltaf6 lg0f{o u/fP/ dfq To:tf] sf]if v8f u/]sf] x'g' kg]{ 5 .
-u_ xfOla|8 k'FhL pks/0fx? (Hybrid Capital Instruments)
-!_ lagf ;'/If0f, k"0f{ r'Qmf x'g], e'QmfgL lbg] k|fyldstf qmddf lgIf]kstf{ / ;fx'x?eGbf
k5fl8 dfq e'QmfgL kfpg ;Sg] tyf 3f6fdf ;d]t ;xefuL x'g] jf ;fwf/0f k'FhLdf
kl/0ft ug{ ;Sg] jf g;Sg] u/L hf/L u/]sf ;'/If0fkqx? .
-@_ o; a}+sn] :jLs[lt lbPdf afx]s wf/sn] cfgf] OR5f cg'?k e'QmfgL k|fKt ug{ g;Sg] u/L
hf/L u/]sf pks/0fx? .

2
 -3_ ;'/If0f g/flvPsf] ;xfos cfjlws C0f (Subordinated Term Debt)
kfFr jif{eGbf a9L e'QmfgL cjlw ePsf], lgIf]kstf{x?eGbf k5fl8 dfq e'QmfgL kfpg] u/L s'g}
klg ;'/If0f g/fvL hf/L u/]sf] C0fkqx? / ;Lldt e'QmfgL cjlw ePsfcjlw tf]lsPsf lkmtf{
x'g ;Sg] cu|flwsf/ ;]o/x? o; cGtu{t ;dfj]z x'g] 5g\ . oL pks/0fx?sf] 36\bf] d"NonfO{
hgfpg Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] o:tf pks/0fx?sf] d"Nodf kl5Nnf] kfFr jif{b]lv la; k|ltztn]
36fpFb} n}hfg' kg]{ 5 . s'g} a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] nfdf] cjlwkl5 jf ljleGg r/0fx?df
;fwf/0f ;]o/df kl/0ft x'g] jf tf]lsPsf zt{x? k'/f u/]/ dfq lkmtf{ x'g] zt{df o:tf] pks/0f
hf/L u/]sf] cj:yfdf ;fwf/0f ;]o/df kl/0ft ePsf] /sd r'Qmf k'FhLdf / ;]o/df kl/0ft
gePsf] /sd o; cGtu{t /fvL k'/s k'FhLdf u0fgf ug{ ;lsg] 5 .
t/, o:tf pks/0fx? hf/L ubf{ cfgf] k|fylds k'FhLsf] krf; k|ltzteGbf a9L /sd
p7fpg kfO{g] 5}g .
-_ ;6xL ;dLs/0f sf]if
ljb]zL ljlgdosf] sf/f]af/ ug]{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] sfod u/]sf] ;6xL ;dLs/0f sf]ifsf]
/sd k'/s k'FhL k|of]hgsf nflu u0fgf ug{ ;lsg] 5 .
-r_ nufgL ;dfof]hg sf]if
lgb]{zg g+= * cGtu{t v8f ePsf] nufgL ;dfof]hg sf]ifsf] /sd k'/s k'FhL jfkt u0fgf ug{
;lsg] 5 .
$= s'n hf]lvd efl/t ;DklQ -/fli6o:t/ afx]ssf v ju{ / ;Dk"0f{ u ju{sf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] xsdf_M
k'FhLsf]if u0fgf ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu s'n hf]lvd efl/t ;DklQnfO{ lgDgfg';f/ tLg ju{df ljefhg
ul/Psf] 5 .
-!_ jf;nftleqsf] hf]lvd efl/t ;DklQ .
-@_ jf;nftaflx/sf] hf]lvd efl/t sf/f]af/ .
-#_ ;~rfng hf]lvd jfktsf] hf]lvd efl/t /sd .
%= jf;nft leqsf ;DklQ tyf jf;nftjflx/sf sf/f]af/x?df hf]lvd ef/ -/fli6o:t/ afx]ssf v ju{ /
;Dk"0f{ u ju{sf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] xsdf_M
-!_ jf;nft leqsf ;DklQx?df hf]lvd ef/
k'FhLsf]if u0fgf ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu af;nft leqsf] ;DklQnfO{ lgDgfg';f/ ljefhg u/L 5'f5'}
hf]lvd ef/ k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 . jf;nftdf b]lvPsf] ;DklQsf] /sdnfO{ ef/ lbOPsf] k|ltztn] u'0fg
u/L s'n hf]lvd efl/t ;DklQsf] of]u lgsfNg' kg]{5 .
jf;nftleqsf zLif{s hf]lvd
ef/ -
k|ltzt_
gub df}Hbft 0
;'g df}Hbft -ljlgdo of]Uo_ 0
g]kfn /fi6 a}+sdf /x]sf] df}Hbft 0
g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;'/If0fkqdf ul/Psf] nufgL 0
g]kfn /fi6 a}+ssf] C0fkqdf u/]sf]] nufgL 0
cfg} d'2lt /l;bsf] lwtf]df k"0f{ ;'/lIft x'g] u/L k|bfg u/]sf]] d'2lt /l;b lwtf] shf{ 0
;/sf/L ;'/If0fkqsf] lwtf]df k"0f{ ;'/lIft x'g] u/L k|bfg u/]sf]] shf{ 0
;/sf/L ;'/If0fkqsf] kfpg' kg]{ Aofh /sd (Accrued Interest) 0
ljkGg ju{ shf{ cGtu{t u0fgf x'g] o'jf tyf ;fgf Joj;foL :j/f]huf/ sf]ifdf v / u ju{sf 0
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] hDdf u/]sf] /sd
:jb]zL a}+sljQLo ;+:yfx?df /x]sf] df}Hbftd'2lt /l;bsf] bfjL (Claims)* 20
cGo a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] d'2lt /l;bsf] lwtf]df k"0f{ ;'/lIft x'g] u/L k|bfg u/]sf]] d'2lt /l;b 20
lwtf] shf{
ljb]zL a}+sx?df /x]sf] df}Hbft 20
dfu]sf] avt k|fKt x'g] /sd (Money at Call) 20

3
 cGt/f{li6o >]0fLs[t (Rated)*/ ljb]zL Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] Uof/]06Ldf uPsf] shf{ 20
cGt/f{li6o >]0fLs[t (Rated)*/ ljb]zL a}+sdf u/]sf] cGo nufgL 20
cGt/ a}+s ;fk6L 20
;]o/, l8j]~r/ Pjd\ aG8df ePsf] nufgL 100
cGo nufgLx? -;fd'lxs nufgL sf]ifdf ePsf] nufgL ;d]t_ 100
shf{, ;fk6 tyf laN; vl/bl8:sfp06 ;d]t -s'n /sd_** 100
l:y/ ;DklQx? 100
kfpg' kg]{ cGo v'b Aofh /sd -s'n kfpg' kg]{ Aofh ;/s./L C0fkq tyf artkqsf] Aofh Aofh 100
d'NtaL_
u}/ a}ls ;DklQ 100
cGo ;a} ;DklQx? -v'b clu|d s/ bflvnf afx]s_ 100
;Ldf gf3]sf] l/on :6]6cfjf;Lo 3/ shf{ 150
l6Kk0fL
* PsxKtfsf] clu|d ;'rgfdf lkmtf{ lng ;lsg] u/L :jb]zL a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfdf Ohfhtkqk|fKt v/ u
ju{sf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] /fv]sf] tLg dlxgf jf ;f] eGbf a9L cjlwsf d'2lt lgIf]k . o; k|of]hgsf] nflu lgIf]k
/fVg] ;doeGbf 7Ls cl3Nnf] qodf;sf] k'FhL kof{Kttf -Capital Adequacy_ sf] cfwf/df tf]lsPsf] k'FhL
kof{Kttf sfod u/]sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfdf /flvPsf] d'2lt lgIf]knfO{ dfq dfGotf lbOg]5 .
*/
o; k|of]hgsf] lgldQ ;+o'Qm clw/fHo a]nfotsf] n08gaf6 k|sflzt The Banker klqsfn] k|To]s jif{ h'nfO{
dlxgfdf k|sfzg ug]{ Top Thousand World Banks sf] ;"rLdf 7Ls cl3Nnf] jif{ ;dfj]z ePsf a}+sx?nfO{
;Demg' kg]{5 .
pQm Top Thousand World Banks sf] ;"lrdf gk/]sf] v08df zt k|ltzt hf]lvd ef/ sfod ug'{ kg]{5 .
** d'2lt /l;b, g]kfn /fi6 a}+s C0fkq / ;/sf/L ;'/If0fkqsf] lwtf]df k|jflxt shf{ / cGt/f{li6o >]0fLs[t a}+ssf]
hdfgtdf k|bfg ul/Psf] shf{ afx]s .
-@_ jf;nft aflx/sf] sf/f]af/df hf]lvd ef/
k'FhLsf]if u0fgf ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu jf;nft aflx/sf sf/f]af/x?nfO{ lgDgfg';f/ ljefhg u/L 5'f5'}
hf]lvd ef/ k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 . jf;nft aflx/sf] sf/f]af/sf] /sdnfO{ hf]lvd ef/n] u'0fg u/L s'n
jf;nft aflx/sf] sf/f]af/ lgsfNg' kg]{5 .
jf;nft aflx/sf sf/f]af/x? hf]lvd
ef/
-k|ltzt_
laN; sn]S;g )
clu|d ljb]zL ljlgdo ;Demf}tf (Forward Foreign Exchange Contract) !)
^ dlxgfeGbf sd cjlwsf] k|lttkq - dflh{g g36fO{ k'/} /sd _ @)
cGt/f{li6o >]0fLs[t (Rated)*/ ljb]zL Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] sfp06/ Uof/]06Ldf hf/L ul/Psf] Uof/]06L @)
^ dlxgfeGbf a9L cjlwsf] k|lttkq -dflh{g g36fO{ k'/} /sd_ %)
lj8aG8, k/km/d]G; jG8 / k|Tofe"lt (Underwriting) ;DaGwL k|ltj4tf %)
k'gM vl/b ug]{ zt{df laqmL ul/Psf] shf{ -Credit Purchase/Repurchase / Takeover) !))
clu|d e'QmfgL Uof/]06L (Advance Payment Guarantee) !))
ljQLo tyf cGo hdfgt (Financial and other Guarantee) !))
ckl/jTo{ shf{ k|lta4tf (Irrevocable Loan Commitment) !))
cfos/ jfkt ;Defljt bfloTj !))
Acceptance ;lxt cGo ;a} k|sf/sf ;Defljt bfloTjx? !))
k"gM l8:sfpG6 ul/Psf lanx !))
r'Qmf jf e'Qmfg x'g afFsL ;]o/ nufgL !))
e'QmfgLsf nflu bfjL k/]sf] hdfgt (Unpaid Guarantee Claims) @))
;+:yfpk/ bfjL k/]sf] t/ ;+:yfn] bfloTj :jLsf/ gu/]sf] ;Defljt bfloTjx? @))

l6Kk0fL
*
o; k|of]hgsf] lgldQ ;+o'Qm clw/fHo a]nfotsf] n08gaf6 k|sflzt The Banker klqsfn] k|To]s jif{ h'nfO{ dlxgfdf
k|sfzg ug]{ Top Thousand World Banks sf] ;"rLdf 7Ls cl3Nnf] jif{ ;dfj]z ePsf a}+sx?nfO{ ;Demg' kg]{5 .

4
 pQm Top Thousand World Banks sf] ;"rLdf gk/]sf] v08df zt k|ltzt hf]lvd ef/ sfod ug'{ kg]{5 .
k|lttkqsf] cjlw u0fgf ubf{ k|lttkq vf]n]sf] z'?sf] ldltb]lvsf] cjlwnfO{ g} u0fgf ug'{ kg]{5 .

^= ;~rfng hf]lvd ;DaGwL Joj:yf -/fli6o:t/ afx]ssf v ju{ / ;Dk"0f{ u ju{sf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf]
xsdf_M
Ohfhtkqk|fKt v / u ju{sf ;+:yfn] k'FhLsf]if u0fgf ubf{ ;~rfng hf]lvd jfkt s'n ;DklQsf] %
k|ltzt /sd hf]lvd efl/t ;DklQsf] ?kdf yk ug'{kg]{ Joj:yf sfod ul/Psf] 5 .
&= k'FhLsf]if cg'kft lgwf{/0f ;"q -/fli6o:t/ afx]ssf v ju{ / ;Dk"0f{ u ju{sf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf]
xsdf_M
k'FhLsf]if cg'kftsf] lgwf{/0f lgDgfg';f/ ug'{ kg]{5 .

k|fylds k'FhL
-s_ k|fylds k'FhL cg'kft !))
hf]lvd efl/t ;DklQsf] of]u
k|fylds k'FhL k'/s k'FhL
-v_ k'FhLsf]if cg'kft hf]lvd efl/t ;DklQsf] of]u !))

-u_ hf]lvd efl/t ;DklQsf] jf;nftleqsf s'n hf]lvd efl/t ;DklQ jf;nft
of]u aflx/sf s'n hf]lvd efl/t ;DklQ ;~rfng hf]lvdsf
nflu hf]lvd efl/t /sd

*= k'FhLsf]if ;DaGwdf k7fpg' kg]{ ljj/0fx?

Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+sljQLo ;+:yfx?n] h'g;'s} avt klg tf]lsPsf] cg'kftdf Go'gtd k'FhLsf]if sfod ug'{
kg]{5 . s ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] Capital Adequacy Framework, 2015 sf] cg';"rL !=! df
Joj:yf eP adf]lhd, /fli6o:t/sf v ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] Capital Adequacy Framework,
2007(Updated July 2008) sf] cg';"rL !=@ df Joj:yf eP adf]lhd / cGo v / u ju{sf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] k|To]s dlxgfsf] d;fGtsf] ljQLo ljj/0fx?sf] cfwf/df ;+nUg lgb]{zg kmf=g+= !=!
/ !=@ adf]lhd k'FhLsf]if ;DaGwL ljj/0fx? tof/ u/L cfGtl/s n]vfkl/Ifsaf6 k|dfl0ft u/fO{ o; a}+ssf]
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu tyf ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf k|To]s dlxgf ;dfKt ePsf]
ldltn] & lbgleq k7fO{ ;Sg' kg]{5 . sy+sbflrt dfl;s ?kdf cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f u/fP/ k]z ug{
g;s]df dfl;s ljj/0fdf ;f] Joxf]/f v'nfpg' kg]{5 . t/, qodf;sf] cGTosf] ljj/0f eg] clgjfo{?kdf
cfGtl/s n]vfkl/Ifsaf6 k|dfl0ft u/fP/ g} k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
o; a}+sdf k7fpg' kg]{
Capital Adequacy Framework 2015 cg';f/sf kmf/fd g+= ! b]lv ( / Capital
Adequacy Framework 2007 (updated July 2008) cg';f/sf kmf/fd g+= ! b]lv * ;Ddsf ljj/0fx?sf]
Excel Format tof/ kf/L o; a}+ssf] j]j;fO6df /flvPsf] x'Fbf ;f]xL Format df tYof+s ljj/0fx?
e/L o; a}+sdf k7fpg' kg]{ Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 .
;fy}, /fli6o :t/sf ljQ sDkgLx?n] kF"hL u0fgf ubf{ Capital Adequacy Framework 2007 (Updated
2008) ;dfgfGt/ ?kdf nfu' u/L cg';"rL !=@ df Joj:yf eP adf]lhdsf] k"FhLsf]if ;DaGwL
ljj/0fx? ;d]t ljQ sDkgL ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf k|To]s dlxgf ;dfKt ePsf] ldltn] & lbgleq
k7fpg' kg]{5 .
(= ICAAP dfu{bz{g ;DaGwdf
o; a}+saf6 hf/L Capital Adequacy Framework adf]lhd s ju{ / /fli6o:t/sf v ju{sf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] klxrfg u/]sf hf]lvdsf cltl/Qm a}+s cg';f/sf] cGt/lglxt cGo hf]lvdx? ;d]t
klxrfg u/L ;f] cg'?ksf] k'FhLsf]if sfod ug{ o;} ;fy ;+nUg Internal Capital Adequacy Assesment
Process (ICAAP) Guidelines hf/L ul/Psf] 5 . o;/L hf/L ul/Psf] ICAAP Guidelines kfngf ug'{
;DalGwt a}+ssf] st{Jo x'g]5 .

5
!)= n]vfk/LIf0f u/fpg ;lsg]
k'FhLsf]if kof{Kt gePsf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] Jofj;flos cj:yfaf/] hfgsf/L lng o; a}+sn]
cfjZos 7fg]df d"Nofg n]vfk/LIf0f -Due Diligence Audit_ u/fpg ;Sg]5 / ;f] jfkt nfUg] vr{
;DalGwt ;+:yfn] g} e'StfgL ug'{ kg]{ 5 .
!!= k'FhLsf]if ;DaGwL lgb]{zgx?sf] kfngf gePdf x'g] sf/jfxL
-s_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] k'FhLsf]if ;DaGwL lgb]{zgx?sf] kfngf gu/]df lz3| ;'wf/fTds sf/jfxL
;DaGwL ljlgodfjnL, @)&# adf]lhdsf] sf/jfxL x'g]5 .
-v_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] s'g} cfly{s jif{sf] aLrsf] s'g} cjlwdf tf]lsPsf] cg'kftdf Go'gtd
k'FhLsf]if sfod ug{ g;s]sf] eP tfklg ;f]xL cfly{s jif{sf] cGTodf tf]lsPsf] cg'kftdf Go'gtd
k'FhLsf]if sfod ePsf] cfwf/df gub nfef+z tyf af]g; ;]o/ ljt/0f ug{ kfO{g] 5}g . of] Joj:yfn]
;f] cfly{s jif{sf] cGTodf afx\o n]vfkl/Ifsaf6 k|dfl0ft ljQLo ljj/0faf6 tf]lsPsf] cg'kftdf
Go'gtd k'FhLsf]if sfod ePsf] cfwf/df o; a}+ssf] :jLs[lt lnO{ af]g; ;]o/ 3f]if0ffljt/0f ug{
afwf kg]{ 5}g . o;/L af]gz z]o/ ljt/0f ubf{ s/ k|of]hgsf nflu cfjZos kg]{ /sd dfq gub
nfef+z 3f]if0ff ug{ jf ljt/0f ug{ :jLs[lt lbg ;lsg]5 .
-u_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] s'g} cfly{s jif{sf] cGTodf afx\o n]vfkl/Ifsaf6 k|dfl0ft ljQLo
ljj/0faf6 tf]lsPsf] cg'kftdf Go'gtd k'FhLsf]if sfod eP tfklg ;f] cfly{s jif{ ;dfKt ePsf]
ldltb]lv jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;efsf] :jLs[lt lng] ldlt;Ddsf] cjlwdf lz3| ;'wf/fTds sf/jfxL
sfof{Gjog eO{ ;f] ldlt;Dd km's'jf gePsf] cj:yfdf nfef+z tyf af]g; ;]o/ 3f]if0ffljt/0f ug{
kfO{g] 5}g .
!@= vf/]hL / arfpm
-!_ o; a}+saf6 o;cl3 hf/L ul/Psf b]xfosf lgb]{zgx? vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 M
PsLs[t lgb]{zg, @)&# sf] Go'gtd k'FhLsf]if ;DaGwL Joj:yf O=k|f lgb]{zg g+= !)&# af6 hf/L
ul/Psf] lgb]{zg tyf ;f] kZrft ldlt @)&$ ;fpg ( ut] ;Dd hf/L ePsf o;} ljifo;Fu
;DalGwt ;Dk"0f{ kl/kqx? .
-@_ pka'Fbf -!_ adf]lhd vf/]h ul/Psf lgb]{zg tyf kl/kq adf]lhd eP u/]sf sfd sf/jfxL o;}
lgb]{zg adf]lhd eP u/]sf] dflgg]5 .

6
 g]= /f= a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+= !=!

k'FhLsf]if tflnsf -/fli6o:t/ afx]ssf v ju{ / ;Dk"0f{ u ju{sf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] xsdf_M
-?=xhf/df_
ljj/0f rfn' cjlw ut cjlw
-s_ k|fylds k'FhL
!_ r'Qmf k'FhL -;fwf/0f ;]o/_
@_ k|:tfljt af]g; ;]o/
#_ ;]o/ lk|ldod
$_ lkmtf{ gx'g] cu|flwsf/ ;]o/
%_ ;fwf/0f hu]8f sf]if
^_ ;l~rt gfkmf-gf]S;fg_
&_ jf;nftdf b]vfO{Psf] rfn' cf=j=sf] gfkmfgf]S;fg lx;fjsf] /sd
*_ k'FhL lkmtf{ hu]8f sf]if
(_ k'FhL ;dfof]hg sf]if
!)_ sN; Og P8efG;
!!_ cGo :jtGq sf]ifx?
36fpg] M
Voflt (Goodwill) jfktsf] /sd
:yug s/ ;DklQ (Deferred Tax Assets)
;LdfeGbf a9L ;]o/, ;'/If0fkqdf nufgL ul/Psf] /sd
ljQLo :jfy{ /x]sf] sDkgLsf] lwtf]kqdf nufgL u/]sf] /sd
cjf:tljs ;DklQ
o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zg kfngf gu/L :jk|of]hgsf nflu 3/hUuf vl/b
u/]sf] /sd
;LdfeGbf a9L cfjf; ejg lgdf{0f tyf hUuf ljsf;df nufgL u/]sf]
/sd .
tf]lsPsf] ;doleq laqmL ljt/0f ug{ g;s]sf] ;]o/ k|Tofe"lt .
k|rlnt P]g tyf sfg'gn] k|ltaGw u/]sf JolQm tyf ;d'xx?nfO{ k|bfg
u/]sf]] shf{ tyf ;'ljwfx?
-v_ k'/s k'FhL
!_ c;n shf{sf] nflu u/]sf] shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
@_ cltl/Qm shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
#_ xfOla|8 k'FhL pks/0fx?
$_ ;'/If0f g/fv]sf] ;xfos cfjlws C0f
%_ ;6xL ;dLs/0f sf]if
^_ ;DklQ k'gd"{Nofg sf]if
&_ nufgL ;dfof]hg sf]if
-u_ hDdf k'FhLsf]if -sv_
-3_ hf]lvd efl/t ;DklQsf] cfwf/df sfod ug'{ kg]{ Go'gtd k'FhLsf]if
k'FhLsf]if - ================= k|ltzt_
k|fylds k'FhL -=================== k|ltzt_
k'FhLsf]if -clwsGo'g_ - ================= k|ltztn]_
k|fylds k'FhL -clwsGo'g_ - ================= k|ltztn]_

ldltM clws[t
b:tvt

7
 g]= /f= a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+= !=@
hf]lvd efl/t ;DklQ ljj/0f tflnsf -/fli6o:t/ afx]ssf v ju{ / ;Dk"0f{ u ju{sf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] xsdf_M
- xhf/df_
rfn' cjlw ut cjlw
-s_ jf;nft leqsf ;DklQx?(On-Balance-Sheet Assets) ef/
/sd hf]lvd efl/t
;DklQ
/sd
hf]lvd efl/t
;DklQ
gub df}Hbft 0
;'g -ljlgdo of]Uo_ 0
g]kfn /fi6 a}+sdf /x]sf] df}Hbft 0
g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;'/If0fkqdf u/]sf]] nufgL 0
g]kfn /fi6 a}+s C0fkqdf u/]sf]] nufgL 0
cfg} d'2lt /l;bsf] lwtf]df k"0f{ ;'/lIft x'g] u/L k|bfg u/]sf]] d'2lt /l;b lwtf] shf{ 0
;/sf/L ;'/If0fkqsf] lwtf]df k"0f{ ;'/lIft x'g] u/L k|bfg u/]sf]] shf{ 0
;/sf/L ;'/If0fkqsf] kfpg' kg]{ Aofh /sd (Accrued Interest) 0
ljkGg ju{ shf{ cGtu{t u0fgf x'g] o'jf tyf ;fgf Joj;foL :j/f]huf/ sf]ifdf hDdf 0
u/]sf] /sd
:jb]zL a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?df /x]sf] df}Hbftd'2lt /l;bsf] bfjL (Claims) 20
cGo a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] d'2lt /l;bsf] lwtf]df k"0f{ ;'/lIft x'g] u/L k|bfg 20
u/]sf]] d'2lt /l;b lwtf] shf{
ljb]zL a}+sx?df /x]sf] df}Hbft 20
dfu]sf] avt k|fKt x'g] /sd (Money at Call) 20
cGt/f{li6o >]0fLs[t (Rated) Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] Uof/]06Ldf uPsf] shf{ 20
cGt/f{li6o >]0fLs[t (Rated) a}+sdf u/]sf] cGo nufgL 20
cGt/ a}+s ;fk6L 20
;]o/, l8j]~r/ Pjd\ aG8df ePsf] nufgL -s'n /sd_ 100
cGo nufgLx? 100
shf{, ;fk6 tyf laN; vl/bl8:sfp06 ;d]t -s'n /sd_ 100
l:y/ ;DklQx?-s'n /sd_ 100
Kffpg' kg]{ cGo v'b Aofh /sd -Aofh d'NtaL / ;/sf/L C0fkqsf] Aofh afx]s 100
u}/a}+ls ;DklQ 100
cGo ;a} ;DklQx? -v'b cu|Ld s/ bflvnf afx]s_ 100
;Ldf gf3]sf] l/on :6]6cfjf;Lo 3/ shf{ 150
-s_ hDdf
-v_ jf;nft aflx/sf sf/f]af/x? (Off-balance sheet Items)
laN; sn]S;g )
km/jf8{ PS;r]~h sG6fS6sf] afFsL bfloTjx !)
^ dlxgfeGbf sd cjlwsf] k|lttkq -k'/} /sd_ @)
cGt/f{li6o >]0fLs[t (Rated) ljb]zL Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] sfp06/ Uof/]06Ldf hf/L u/]sf] Uof/]06L @)
^ dlxgfeGbf a9L cjlwsf] k|lttkq -k'/} /sd_ %)
lj8aG8, k/km/d]G; aG8 / k|Tofe"lt (Underwriting) ;DaGwL k|lta4tf %)
k'gM vl/b ug]{ zt{df laqmL u/]sf] shf{ !))
clu|d e'QmfgL Uof/]06L (Advance payment Guarantee) !))
ljQLo tyf cGo hdfgt (Financial and other Guarantee) !))
ckl/jTo{ shf{ k|lta4tf (Irrevocable Loan Commitment) !))
cfos/ jfkt ;Defljt bfloTj !))
Acceptance ;lxt cGo ;a} k|sf/sf ;Defljt bfloTjx? !))
k'gM l8:sfpG6 ul/Psf lanx !))
r'Qmf jf e'Qmfg x'g afFsL ;]o/ nufgL !))
e'QmfgLsf] nflu bfjL k/]sf] hdfgt @))
;+:yfpk/ bfjL k/]sf] t/ ;+:yfn] bfloTj :jLsf/ gu/]sf] ;Defljt bfloTj @))
-v_ hDdf
;~rfng hf]lvd jfkt sfod ug'{kg]{ /sd -u_ !))
s'n hf]lvd efl/t ;DklQ -s_ + -v_-u_
b|i6JoM != plNnlvt zLif{sx?dWo] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfkm";Fu ;DalGwt jf cfkm"n] ug{ kfpg] ljQLo sf/f]af/x?;Fu ;DalGwt zLif{sx?
dfq k|of]udf Nofpg' kg]{5 .
@= cGt/f{li6o >]0fLs[t cGtu{t Top Thousand World Banks sf] ;"rLdf gk/]sf] v08df ztk|ltzt hf]lvd ef/ sfod ug'{ kg]{5 .

8
 cg';"rL g+= !=!
Capital Adequacy Framework
2015

1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND:
Prior to 1988, there was no uniform international regulatory standard for setting bank capital requirements.
In 1988, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS)1 developed the Capital Accord, which is
known as Basel I, to align the capital adequacy requirements applicable especially to banks in G-10
countries. Basel I introduced two key concepts. First, it defined what banks could hold as capital, as well as
designating capital as Tier 1 or Tier 2 according to its loss-absorbing or creditor-protecting characteristics.
The second key concept introduced in Basel I was that capital should be held by banks in relation to the
risks that they face. The major risks faced by banks relate to the assets held on balance sheet. Thus, Basel I
calculated banks minimum capital requirements as a percentage of assets, which are adjusted in accordance
with their riskiness and assigning risk weights to assets. Higher weights are assigned to riskier assets such
as corporate loans, and lower weights are assigned to less risky assets, such as exposures to government.
The BCBS released the "International Convergence of Capital Measurements and Capital Standards:
Revised Framework", popularly known as Basel II, on June 26, 2004. This framework was updated in
November 2005 and a comprehensive version of the framework was issued in June 2006. Basel II builds
significantly on Basel I by increasing the sensitivity of capital to key bank risks. In addition, Basel II
recognizes that banks can face a multitude of risks, ranging from the traditional risks associated with
financial intermediation to the day-to-day risks of operating a business as well as the risks associated with
the ups and downs of the local and international economies. As a result, the framework more explicitly
associates capital requirements with the particular categories of major risks that banks face.
The Basel II capital framework also recognizes that large, usually internationally active banks have already
put in place sophisticated approaches to risk measurement and management based on statistical inference
rather than judgment alone. Thus, the framework allows banks, under certain conditions, to use their own
internal models and techniques to measure the key risks that they face, the probability of loss, and the
capital required to meet those losses. In developing the new framework, the Basel Committee incorporated
many elements that help to promote a sound and efficient financial system over and above the setting of
minimum capital requirements. Keeping this in mind, the Basel II framework incorporates three
complementary pillars that draw on the range of approaches to help ensure that banks are adequately
capitalized in commensurate with their risk profile.
Again, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS) released a comprehensive reform package
entitled Basel III: A global regulatory framework for more resilient banks and banking systems (known as
Basel III capital regulations) in December 2010. Basel III reforms are the response of the Basel Committee
on Banking Supervision (BCBS) to improve the banking sectors ability to absorb shocks arising from
financial and economic stress, whatever the source, thus reducing the risk of spill over from the financial
sector to the real economy. Basel III reforms strengthen the bank-level i.e. micro prudential regulation, with
the intention to raise the resilience of individual banking institutions in periods of stress. Besides, the
reforms have a macro prudential focus also, addressing system wide risks, which can build up across the
banking sector, as well as the procyclical amplification of these risks over time. These new global
regulatory and supervisory standards mainly seek to raise the quality and level of capital (Pillar 1) to ensure
that banks are better able to absorb losses on both a going concern and a gone concern basis, increase the
risk coverage of the capital framework, introduce leverage ratio to serve as a backstop to the risk-based
capital measure, raise the standards for the supervisory review process (Pillar 2) and public disclosures
(Pillar 3) etc. The macro prudential aspects of Basel III are largely enshrined in the capital buffers. Both the

1
The Basel Committee on Banking Supervision is a committee of banking supervisory authorities that was established by the
central bank governors of the Group of Ten countries in 1975. It consists of senior representatives of bank supervisory authorities
and central banks from Belgium, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and the United States. It usually meets at the Bank for International Settlements in Basel,
Switzerland where its permanent Secretariat is located.

9
buffers i.e. the capital conservation buffer and the countercyclical buffer are intended to protect the banking
sector from periods of excess credit growth.
The Basel Committees on Banking Supervision's (BCBS) recommendations on capital accord are important
guiding frameworks for the regulatory capital requirement to the banking industry all over the world and
Nepal is no exception. Realizing the significance of capital for ensuring the safety and soundness of the
banks and the banking system, at large, Nepal Rastra Bank (NRB) has developed and enforced capital
adequacy requirement based on international practices with an appropriate level of customization based on
domestic state of market developments.
With a view of adopting the international best practices, NRB has already issued the Basel III
implementation action plan and expressed its intention to adopt the Basel III framework, albeit in a
simplified form. In line with the international development and thorough discussion with the stakeholders,
evaluation and assessment of impact studies at various phases, this framework has been drafted. This
framework provides the guidelines for the implementation of Basel III framework in Nepal. The Basel III
capital regulations continue to be based on three-mutually reinforcing Pillars, viz. minimum capital
requirements, supervisory review of capital adequacy, and market discipline of the Basel II capital
adequacy framework.
1.2 OBJECTIVE:
The main objective of this framework is to develop safe and sound financial system by way of
sufficient amount of qualitative capital and risk management practices. This framework is intended to
ensure that each banks maintain a level of capital which,
(i) is adequate to protect its depositors and creditors.
(ii) is commensurate with the risk associated activities and profile of the banks.
(iii) promotes public confidence in the banking system.
1.3 PRE-REQUISITES:
The effective implementation of this framework is dependent on various factors. Some such pre-
requisites are:
(i) Implementation of Basel Core Principles for effective Banking Supervision
(ii) Adoption of the sound practices for the management of Operational Risk
(iii) Formulation and adoption of comprehensive risk management policy
(iv) Adherence to high degree of corporate governance
1.4 RESPONSIBILITY:
The board of directors of each bank shall be responsible for establishing and maintaining, at all times,
an adequate level of capital. The capital standards herein are the minimum that is acceptable for banks
that are fundamentally sound, well managed, and which have no material financial or operational
weaknesses. Thus, the banks are generally expected to operate above the limits prescribed by this
framework.
1.5 SCOPE OF APPLICATION:
This framework shall be applicable to all "A" Class financial institutions2 licensed to conduct banking
business in Nepal under the Bank and Financial Institution Act, 2073.
This capital adequacy framework shall be applicable uniformly to all "A" class financial institutions
on a stand-alone basis and as well as on a consolidated basis, where the bank is member of a
consolidated banking group. For the purpose of capital adequacy, the consolidated bank means a
group of financial entities, parent or holding company of which a bank is a subsidiary. All banking
and other relevant financial activities (both regulated and unregulated) conducted within a group
including a bank shall be captured through consolidation. Thus, majority owned or controlled
financial entities should be fully consolidated. If any majority owned subsidiaries institutions are not
consolidated for capital purposes, all equity and other regulatory capital investments in those entities

2
A class financial institutions refers to Commercial Banks

10
 attributable to the group will be deducted and the assets and liabilities, as well as third party capital
investments in the subsidiary will be removed from the banks balance sheet for capital adequacy
purposes.
1.6 APPROACHES TO IMPLEMENTATION:
"International Convergence for Capital Measurements and Capital Standards: Revised Framework"
alias Basel II under Pillar 1, provides three distinct approaches for computing capital requirements for
credit risk and three other approaches for computing capital requirements for operational risk. These
approaches for credit and operational risks are based on increasing risk sensitivity and allow banks to
select an approach that is most appropriate to the stage of development of banks operations.
The product and services offered by the Nepalese Banks are still largely primitive and conventional,
in comparison with other economies. This coupled with the various inherent limitations of our system
like the limitation of credit rating practices makes the advanced approaches like Internal Ratings
Based Approach or even Standardized Approach impractical and unfeasible. Thus, at this juncture,
this framework prescribes Simplified Standardized Approach (SSA) to measure credit risk while
Basic Indicator Approach and an indigenous Net Open Position Approach for measurement of
Operational Risk and Market Risk respectively.
1.7 IMPLEMENTATION OF ADVANCED APPROACHES:
This framework prescribes the simplest of the available approaches at the initial phase with a vision
to move onto more complex and risk sensitive approaches as the market gradually gains maturity.
However, banks willing to adopt advanced approaches, even for internal purposes, should obtain prior
written approval from Nepal Rastra Bank on providing evidences that they have the resource and the
capability to adopt the proposed approaches.
A bank will not be allowed to choose to revert to a simpler approach once it has been approved for a
more advanced approach without supervisory approval. However, if a supervisor determines that a
bank using a more advanced approach no longer meets the qualifying criteria for an advanced
approach, it may allow the bank to revert to a simpler approach for some or all of its operations, until
it meets the conditions specified by the supervisor for returning to a more advanced approach.
1.8 TRANSITIONAL ARRANGEMENTS
In order to ensure smooth migration to Basel III without aggravating any near term stress, appropriate
transitional arrangements have been made. The transitional arrangements for capital ratios will begin
from Mid July, 2016 (Shrawan 2073). Capital ratios and deductions from Common Equity will be
fully phased-in and implemented as on Mid July, 2019. The phase-in arrangements for banks are
indicated in the following Table:

BASEL III in Nepal

Transition Period
( Mid July)
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Minimum Common Equity Capital Ratio 4.00% 4.50% 4.50% 4.50% 4.50%
Capital Conservation Buffer 1.00% 1.25% 1.50% 2.00% 2.50%
Minimum common equity plus capital
conservation buffer
5.00% 5.75% 6.00% 6.50% 7.00%
Minimum Tier 1 Capital
6.00% 6.00% 6.00% 6.00% 6.00%
(Excluding conservation buffer)
Minimum Total Capital
10.00% 9.75% 9.50% 9.00% 8.50%
Excluding conservation buffer)
Minimum Total Capital (including
conservation buffer ) 11.00% 11.00% 11.00% 11.00% 11.00%

Introduce
Counter Cyclical Buffers minimum 0-2.5% 0-2.5% 0-2.5% 0-2.5%
standard

11
 Introduce Offsite Monitoring Migration
Leverage Ratio minimum 4.00% to
standard Pillar 1
Review Existing LCR LCR
Liquidity coverage ratio LCR 100%
Framework 100% 100%
Observation Introduce
Net stable funding ratio and Parallel Run minimum Implemented
standard
SIFI Measures NRB shall issue the regulation.

1.9 EFFECTIVE DATE:

All banks within the scope of this framework should adopt the prescribed approaches from Mid July
2016 (Fiscal Year 2073/74). In order to ensure smooth transition to new approach prescribed by this
framework, a parallel run from Mid January 2016 (Poush End, 2072) to Mid July 2016 (Asar End,
2073) will be conducted. The banks are required to submit their capital adequacy report to the Bank
Supervision Department on a monthly basis. Based on the findings of the parallel run, further
amendments and modification will be incorporated in the framework wherever deemed necessary.

2. REQUIREMENTS FOR CAPITAL FUNDS

2.1 DEFINITION OF CAPITAL:

The qualifying regulatory capital shall consist of the sum of the following components:
a. Tier 1 Capital (Core Capital)
A. Common Equity Tier 1 (CET1)
B. Additional Tier 1 (AT1)
b. Tier 2 Capital (Supplementary Capital)

The detailed description of the components of regulatory capital and their elements are as follows:
I. Tier 1 Capital (Core Capital)
The key element of capital on which the main emphasis should be placed is the Tier 1 (core)
capital, which comprises of equity capital and disclosed reserves. This key element of capital is
the basis on which most market judgments of capital adequacy are made; and it has a crucial
bearing on profit margins and a bank's ability to compete.
The BCBS has therefore concluded that capital, for supervisory purposes, should be defined in
two tiers in a way, which will have the effect of requiring at least 50% of a bank's capital base to
consist of a core element comprised of equity capital and published reserves from post-tax
retained earnings.
In order to rank as Tier 1, capital must be fully paid up, have no fixed servicing or dividend costs
attached to it and be freely available to absorb losses ahead of general creditors. Capital also needs
to have a very high degree of permanence if it is to be treated as Tier 1.
Tier 1 Capital shall consist of Common Equity Tier 1 Capital and Additional Tier 1 Capital and
the sum of these two capital shall be total Tier 1 Capital.

A. Common Equity Tier 1Capital

Common Equity is recognized as the highest quality component of capital and is the primary form
of funding which ensures that a bank remains solvent. Common Equity Tier 1 Capital consists of
the sum of the following elements:
(i) Common shares issued by the bank that meet the criteria for classification as common
shares for regulatory purposes;

12
(ii) Stock surplus (share premium) resulting from the issue of instruments included in Common
Equity Tier 1;
(iii) Statutory General Reserve;
(iv) Retained Earnings available for distribution to shareholders;
(v) Un-audited current year cumulative profit, after all provisions including staff bonus and
taxes. Where such provisions are not made, this amount shall not qualify as Common
Equity Tier 1 capital,
(vi) Capital Redemption Reserves created in lieu of redeemable instruments
(vii) Capital Adjustment reserves created in respect of increasing the capital base of the bank
(viii) Dividend Equalization Reserves;
(ix) Other free reserves if any
(x) Any other type of instruments notified by NRB from time to time for inclusion in Common
Equity Tier 1 capital; and
(xi) Less: Regulatory adjustments / deductions applied in the calculation of Common Equity
Tier 1 capital.

Criteria for common shares issued by the bank for inclusion in Common Equity:
Common shares must meet the following criteria to be included in Common Equity Tier 1 Capital:
1. All common shares should be the voting shares.
2. Represents the most subordinated claim in liquidation of the bank.
3. Entitled to a claim on the residual assets which is proportional to its share of paid up
capital, after all senior claims have been repaid in liquidation (i.e. has an unlimited and
variable claim, not a fixed or capped claim).
4. Principal is perpetual and never repaid outside of liquidation (except discretionary
repurchases / buy backs or other means of effectively reducing capital in a discretionary
manner with the prior approval of NRB which is allowable under relevant law as well as
guidelines, if any, issued by NRB in the matter).
5. The bank does nothing to create an expectation at issuance that the instrument will be
bought back, redeemed or cancelled nor do the statutory or contractual terms provide any
feature which might give rise to such an expectation.
6. Distributions are paid out of distributable items. The level of distributions is not in any way
tied or linked to the amount paid up at issuance and is not subject to a contractual cap
(except to the extent that a bank is unable to pay distributions that exceed the level of
distributable items). As regards distributable items, it is clarified that the dividend on
common shares will be paid out of the current years profit and retained earnings only.
7. There are no circumstances under which the distributions are obligatory. Non-payment is
therefore not an event of default.
8. Distributions are paid only after all legal and contractual obligations have been met and
payments on more senior capital instruments have been made. This means that there are no
preferential distributions, including in respect of other elements classified as the highest
quality issued capital.
9. It is the paid up capital that takes the first and proportionately greatest share of any losses
as they occur. Within the highest quality capital, each instrument absorbs losses on a going
concern basis proportionately and pari passu with all the others.
10. The paid up amount is classified as equity capital (i.e. not recognised as a liability) for
determining balance sheet insolvency.
11. The paid up amount is classified as equity under the relevant accounting standards.

13
12. It is directly issued and paid up and the bank cannot directly or indirectly have funded the
purchase of the instrument. Banks should also not extend loans against their own shares.
13. The paid up amount is neither secured nor covered by a guarantee of the issuer or related
entity nor subject to any other arrangement that legally or economically enhances the
seniority of the claim.
14. Paid up capital is only issued with the approval of the owners of the issuing bank, either
given directly by the owners or, if permitted by applicable law, given by the Board of
Directors or by other persons duly authorized by the owners.
15. Paid up capital is clearly and separately disclosed in the banks balance sheet.

B. Additional Tier 1 Capital

Additional Tier 1 Capital mainly include the instruments either classified as equity under relevant
accounting standards but are not the common equity share and hence not includible in common
equity tier 1 or the instrument which are classified as liabilities under relevent accounting
standards, however it is includible in additional tier 1 capital. Under Basel III non-common equity
elements to be included in Tier 1 capital should absorb losses while the bank remains a going
concern. Towards this end, one of the important criteria for Additional Tier 1 instruments is that
these instruments should have principal loss absorption through either (i) conversion into common
shares at an objective pre-specified trigger point or (ii) a write-down mechanism which allocates
losses to the instrument at a pre-specified trigger point. Banks should not issue Additional Tier 1
capital instruments to the retail investors.
Additional Tier 1 capital consists of the sum of the following elements:
(i) Perpetual Non Cumulative Preference Share (PNCPS) and Perpetual Debt Instruments
(PDI) issued by the bank that meet the criteria for inclusion in Additional Tier 1 capital;
(ii) Stock surplus (share premium) resulting from the issue of PNCPS instruments included in
Additional Tier 1 capital; and
(iii) Less: Regulatory adjustments / deductions applied in the calculation of Additional Tier 1
capital.

Criteria for Instruments issued by the bank for inclusion in Additional Tier 1:
Perpetual Non Cumulative Preference Share (PNCPS) and Perpetual Debt Instruments (PDI)
issued by the bank must meet the following criteria to be included in Additional Tier 1 Capital:
1. The instruments should be issued by the Bank (i.e. not by any Special Purpose Vehicle etc.
set up by the bank for this purpose) and fully paid up.
2. The claim of investors of the instruments shall be:
(A) In case of Perpetual Non Cumulative Preference Share:
(i) Superior to the claims of investors in equity shares; and
(ii) Subordinated to the claims of PDIs, all Tier 2 regulatory capital instruments,
depositors and general creditors of the bank.
(B) In case of Perpetual Debt Instruments:
(i) Superior to the claims of investors in equity shares and perpetual non-cumulative
preference shares;
(ii) Subordinated to the claims of depositors, general creditors and subordinated debt of
the bank;
3. The instruments should be neither secured nor covered by a guarantee of the issuer or related
entity or other arrangement that legally or economically enhances the seniority of the claim
vis--vis bank creditors
4. The instruments should be perpetual, ie there is no maturity date and there are no step-ups or
other incentives to redeem

14
5. The Instruments may be callable at the initiative of the issuer. This means that the
instruments shall not be issued with Put Option. However, banks may issue instruments
with a Call Option at a particular date subject to following conditions:
a) The call option on the instrument is permissible after ten years of issuance;
b) To exercise a call option a bank must receive prior approval of NRB; and
c) A bank must not do anything which creates an expectation that the call will be
exercised.; and
d) Banks must not exercise a call unless:
i. The bank replaces the called instrument with capital of the same or better quality
and the replacement of this capital is done at conditions which are sustainable for
the income capacity of the bank; or
ii. The bank demonstrates that its capital position is well above the minimum capital
requirements after the call option is exercised.
6. Any repayment of principal (eg through repurchase, buy-back or redemption) must be with
prior approval of NRB and banks should not assume or create market expectations that
supervisory approval will be given. Banks may repurchase / buy-back / redeem the
instruments only if:
(a) The bank replaces such instrument with capital of the same or better quality and the
replacement of this capital is done at conditions which are sustainable for the income
capacity of the bank; or
(b) The bank demonstrates that its capital position is well above the minimum capital
requirements after the repurchase / buy-back / redemption.
7. Dividend/coupon discretion:
a. the bank must have full discretion at all times to cancel distributions/payments
b. cancellation of discretionary payments must not be an event of default
c. banks must have full access to cancelled payments to meet obligations as they fall due
d. cancellation of distributions/payments must not impose restrictions on the bank except in
relation to distributions to common stockholders.
8. Dividends/coupons must be paid out of distributable items:
As regards distributable items, it is clarified that the dividend on perpetual non-
cumulative preference shares (PNCPS) will be paid out of current years profit only.
In case of coupon on perpetual debt instruments (PDI), it is clarified that if the payment of
coupons on perpetual debt instrument (PDI) is likely to result in losses in the current year,
their declaration should be precluded to that extent.
Dividend on PNCPS and coupons on PDI should not be paid out of retained earnings /
reserves. In other words, payment of dividend/coupons should not have the effect of
reducing retained earnings / reserves.
9. The instrument cannot have a credit sensitive dividend/coupon feature, that is a
dividend/coupon that is reset periodically based in whole or in part on the banking
organization's credit standing.
10. The dividend/coupon shall not be cumulative. i.e., dividend/coupon missed in a year will not
be paid in future years, even if adequate profit is available and the level of CAR conforms to
the regulatory minimum. When dividend/coupon is paid at a rate lesser than the prescribed
rate, the unpaid amount will not be paid in future years, even if adequate profit is available
and the level of CAR conforms to the regulatory minimum.
11. The instrument cannot contribute to liabilities exceeding assets if such a balance sheet test
forms part of requirement to prove insolvency by any law or otherwise.
12. Instruments classified as liabilities for accounting purposes must have principal loss

15
 absorption through either (i) conversion to common shares at an objective pre-specified
trigger point or (ii) a write-down mechanism which allocates losses to the instrument at a pre-
specified trigger point. The write-down will have the following effects:
a. Reduce the claim of the instrument in liquidation;
b. Reduce the amount re-paid when a call is exercised; and
c. Partially or fully reduce coupon/dividend payments on the instrument.
13. Neither the bank nor a related party over which the bank exercises control or significant
influence (as defined under relevant Nepal Financial Reporting Standards) can have
purchased the instrument, nor can the bank directly or indirectly have funded the purchase of
the instrument
14. The instrument cannot have any features that hinder recapitalization, such as provisions that
require the issuer to compensate investors if a new instrument is issued at a lower price
during a specified time frame.
II. Tier 2 (Supplementary) Capital
The Supplementary (Tier 2) Capital includes reserves which have been passed through the profit
and loss account and all other capital instruments eligible and acceptable for capital purposes.
Elements of the Tier 2 capital will be reckoned as capital funds up to a maximum of 100 percent of
Tier 1 capital arrived at, after making regulatory adjustments/deductions. In case, where the Tier 1
capital of a bank is negative, the Tier 2 capital for regulatory purposes shall be considered as zero
and hence the capital fund, in such cases, shall be equal to the core capital.
The Tier 2 Capital consists of the sum of the following elements:
(i) Preference Share Capital Instruments [Perpetual Cumulative Preference Shares (PCPS) /
Redeemable Non-Cumulative Preference Shares (RNCPS) / Redeemable Cumulative
Preference Shares (RCPS)] issued by the bank with the maturity of 5 years or above;
(ii) Subordinated term debt fully paid up with a maturity of 5 years or above; unsecured and
subordinated to the claim of other creditors, free of restrictive clauses and not redeemable
before maturity. Since, subordinated term debt is not normally available to participate in the
losses; the amount eligible for inclusion in the capital adequacy calculations is limited to
50% of core capital. Moreover, to reflect the diminishing value of these instruments as a
continuing source of strength, a cumulative discount (amortization) factor of 20% per
annum shall be applied for capital adequacy computations, during the last 5 years to
maturity.
(iii) Hybrid capital instruments combine certain characteristics of debt and certain
characteristics of equity. Each such instrument has a particular feature, which can be
considered to affect its quality as capital. Where these instruments have close similarities to
equity, in particular when they are able to support losses on an ongoing basis without
triggering liquidation, they may be included in Tier 2 capital with approval from Nepal
Rastra Bank.
(iv) Stock surplus (share premium) resulting from the issue of instruments included in Tier 2
capital;
(v) General loan loss provision limited to a maximum of 1.25% of total Credit Risk Weighted
Exposures. General loan loss provision refers to provisions or loan- loss reserves held
against future, presently unidentified losses are freely available to meet losses which
subsequently materialize and therefore the provisions created in respect of Performing
Loans only qualify for inclusion in Tier 2 Capital. Provisions ascribed to identified
deterioration of particular assets or loan liabilities, whether individual or grouped, should
be excluded. Accordingly, for instances provision on rescheduled/restructured and
classified loans, both an individual account and portfolio level shall be excluded. The
additional loan loss provisions created in respect of Personal Guarantee loans, third party
collateral loans and loans in excess of Single Obligor Limits are specific provisions and
hence cannot be included under this category. Such provisions however can be deducted
from the gross exposures while calculating risk weighted exposures for credit risk.

16
 However, provisions created in excess of the regulatory requirements or provisions which
are not attributable to identifiable losses in any specific loans shall be allowed to be
included in the General Loan Loss Provision.
(vi) Exchange equalization reserves created by banks as a cushion for unexpected losses arising
out of adverse movements in foreign currencies.
(vii) Investment adjustment reserves created as a cushion for adverse price movements in banks
investments falling under Available for Sale category.
(viii) Revaluation reserves often serve as a cushion against unexpected losses but may not be
fully available to absorb unexpected losses due to the subsequent deterioration in market
values and tax consequences of revaluation. Therefore, revaluation reserves will be eligible
up to 50% for treatment as Tier 2 capital and limited to a maximum of 2% of total Tier 2
capital subject to the condition that the reasonableness of the revalued amount is duly
certified by the internal auditor of the bank.
(ix) Any other type of instruments notified by NRB from time to time for inclusion in Tier 2
capital
(x) Less: Regulatory adjustments / deductions applied in the calculation of Tier 2 capital .

Criteria for Instruments issued by the bank for inclusion in Tier 2 Capital:
Preference Share Capital Instruments [Perpetual Cumulative Preference Shares (PCPS) /
Redeemable Non-Cumulative Preference Shares (RNCPS) / Redeemable Cumulative Preference
Shares (RCPS)], Subordinated Term Debt and Hybrid Capital Instrument issued by the bank must
meet the following criteria to be included in Tier 2 Capital:
1. The instruments should be issued by the Bank (i.e. not by any Special Purpose Vehicle etc.
set up by the bank for this purpose) and fully paid up.
2. These instruments could be either perpetual or dated with a maturity period of minimum 5
years or more and there should be no step-ups or other incentives to redeem. The perpetual
instruments shall be cumulative. The dated instruments could be cumulative or non-
cumulative.
3. The dated instruments (both cumulative and non-cumulative) shall be subjected to a
progressive discount for capital adequacy purposes over the last five years of their tenor, as
they approach maturity as indicated in the table below for being eligible for inclusion in Tier
2 capital.
Rate of Discount
Remaining Maturity of Instruments
(%)
Less than one year 100
One year and more but less than two years 80
Two years and more but less than three years 60
Three years and more but less than four years 40
Four years and more but less than five years 20

4. Dividend/Coupon/Rate of Interest
(i) The dividend/coupon payable to the investors may be either at a fixed rate or at a
floating rate referenced to a market determined rupee interest benchmark rate.
(ii) The instrument cannot have a credit sensitive coupon feature, i.e. a coupon that is
reset periodically based in whole or in part on the banks credit standing.

5. The claims of the investors in instruments shall be:

(i) senior to the claims of investors in instruments eligible for inclusion in Tier 1 capital;
(ii) subordinate to the claims of all depositors and general creditors of the bank; and

17
 (iii) Neither secured nor covered by a guarantee of the issuer or related entity or other
arrangement that legally or economically enhances the seniority of the claim vis--
vis bank creditors.
6. The instruments shall not be issued with Put Option. However, the Instruments may be
callable at the initiative of the issuer. Banks may issue instruments with a Call Option at a
particular date subject to the following conditions:
(i) The call option on the instrument is permissible after five years of issuance;
(ii) To exercise a call option a bank must receive prior approval of NRB; and
(iii) A bank must not do anything which creates an expectation that the call will be
exercised; and
(iv) Banks must not exercise a call unless:
(a) The bank replaces the called instrument with capital of the same or better
quality and the replacement of this capital is done on conditions which are
sustainable for the income capacity of the bank; or
(b) The bank demonstrates that its capital position is well above the minimum
capital requirements after the call option is exercised.
7. Treatment in Bankruptcy / Liquidation
The investor must have no rights to accelerate the repayment of future scheduled payments
(coupon or principal) except in bankruptcy and liquidation
8. Prohibition on Purchase / Funding of Instruments
Neither the bank nor a related party over which the bank exercises control or significant
influence (as defined under relevant Nepal Financial Reporting Standards) should purchase
the instrument, nor can the bank directly or indirectly should fund the purchase of the
instrument. Banks should also not grant advances against the security of the debt instruments
issued by them.

2.2 LOSS ABSORPTION OF ADDITIONAL TIER 1 INSTRUMENTS (AT1) AT THE PRE-

SPECIFIED TRIGGER
I. Level of Pre-specified Trigger and Amount of Equity to be Created by Conversion / Write-
down
1. As a banks capital conservation buffer falls to 0.625% of RWE, it will be subject to 100%
profit retention requirements. One of the important objectives of capital conservation buffer
is to ensure that a bank always operates above minimum Common Equity Tier 1 (CET1)
level. Therefore, a pre-specified trigger for loss absorption through conversion / write-down
of the level of Additional Tier 1 (AT1) instruments (PNCPS and PDI) at CET1 of 5.125%
of RWEs (minimum CET1 of 4.5% + 25% of capital conservation buffer of 2.5% i.e.
0.625%) has been fixed.
2. The write-down / conversion must generate CET1 under applicable Nepal Financial
Reporting Standards equal to the written-down / converted amount net of tax, if any.
3. The aggregate amount to be written-down / converted for all such instruments on breaching
the trigger level must be at least the amount needed to immediately return the banks CET1
ratio to the trigger level or, if this is not sufficient, the full principal value of the
instruments. Further, the issuer should have full discretion to determine the amount of AT1
instruments to be converted/written-down subject to the amount of conversion/write-down
not exceeding the amount which would be required to bring the total Common Equity ratio
to 7% of RWEs (minimum CET1 of 4.5% + capital conservation buffer of 2.5%).
4. The conversion / write-down of AT1 instruments are primarily intended to replenish the
equity in the event it is depleted by losses. Therefore, banks should not use conversion /

18
 write-down of AT1 instruments to support expansion of balance sheet by incurring further
obligations / booking assets. Accordingly, a bank whose total Common Equity ratio slips
below 7% due to losses and is still above 5.125% i.e. trigger point, should seek to expand
its balance sheet further only by raising fresh equity from its existing shareholders or
market and the internal accruals. However, fresh exposures can be taken to the extent of
amortization of the existing ones. If any expansion in exposures, such as due to drawdown
of sanctioned borrowing limits, is inevitable, this should be compensated within the
shortest possible time by reducing other exposures. The bank should maintain proper
records to facilitate verification of these transactions by its internal auditors, statutory
auditors and supervisors.

II. Types of Loss Absorption Features

5. Banks may issue AT1 instruments with conversion / write-down features. Further, banks
may issue single AT1 instrument having both conversion and write-down features with the
option for conversion or write-down to be exercised by the bank. However, whichever
option is exercised, it should be exercised across all investors of a particular issue.
6. When a bank breaches the pre-specified trigger of loss absorbency of AT1 and the equity is
replenished either through conversion or write-down, such replenished amount of equity
will be excluded from the common equity tier 1 of the bank for the purpose of determining
the proportion of earnings to be paid out as dividend in terms of rules laid down for
maintaining capital conservation buffer. However, once the bank has attained a total
Common Equity ratio of 7% without counting the replenished equity capital, that point
onwards, the bank may include the replenished equity capital for all purposes.
7. The conversion / write-down may be allowed more than once in case a bank hits the pre-
specified trigger level subsequent to the first conversion / write-down which was partial.

III. Treatment of AT1 Instruments in the event of Liquidation, Merger, Acquisition of the Bank
8. If a bank goes into liquidation before the AT1 instruments have been written-down/
converted, these instruments will absorb losses in accordance with the order of seniority
indicated in the offer document, and legal provisions governing priority of charges. The
order of seniority indicated in the offer document should be in compliance with the
provision of Banking Act.
9. If a bank goes into liquidation after the AT1 instruments have been written-down, the
holders of these instruments will have no claim on the proceeds of liquidation.
10. If a bank is merged with/acquired by any other bank before the AT1 instruments have been
written-down/converted, these instruments will become part of the corresponding
categories of regulatory capital of the new bank emerging after the merger/acquisition.
11. If a bank is merged with any other bank after the non-equity regulatory capital instruments
have been written-down, these cannot be written-up by the merged entity.

IV. Fixation of Conversion Price, Capping of Number of Shares / Voting Rights

12. Banks may issue AT1 instruments with conversion features either based on price fixed at
the time of issuance or based on the market price prevailing at the time of conversion.
13. There will be a possibility of the debt holders receiving a large number of shares in the
event the share price is very low at the time of conversion. Thus, debt holders will end up
holding the number of shares and attached voting rights exceeding the legally permissible
limits. Banks should therefore, always keep sufficient headroom to accommodate the
additional equity due to conversion without breaching any of the statutory / regulatory
ceilings especially that for maximum shareholdings and maximum voting rights per
investors / group of related investors. In order to achieve this, banks should cap the number
of shares and / or voting rights in accordance with relevant laws and regulations on

19
 Ownership and Governance of banks. Banks should adequately incorporate these features
in the terms and conditions of the instruments in the offer document.
V. Order of Conversion / Write-down of Various Types of AT1 Instruments
14. The instruments should be converted / written-down in order in which they would absorb
losses in a gone concern situation. Banks should indicate in the offer document clearly the
order of conversion / write-down of the instrument in question vis--vis other capital
instruments which the bank has already issued or may issue in future.

2.3 DEDUCTIONS FROM CORE (TIER 1) CAPITAL:

Banks shall be required to deduct the following from the Common Equity Tier 1 capital for capital
adequacy purposes. The claims that have been deducted from Common Equity Tier 1 capital shall be
exempt from risk weights for the measurement of credit risk.
a. Book value of goodwill and all other intangible assets.
Goodwill and all other intangible assets should be deducted from Common Equity Tier 1
capital including any goodwill included in the valuation of significant investments in the capital
of banking, financial and insurance entities which are outside the scope of regulatory
consolidation.
The full amount of the intangible assets is to be a deducted net of any associated deferred tax
liabilities which would be extinguished if the intangible assets become impaired or
derecognized under the relevant accounting standards. For this purpose, the definition of
intangible assets would be in accordance with the Nepal Financial Reporting Standards.
b. Deferred Tax Assets
Deferred Tax Assets computed as under should be deducted from Common Equity Tier 1
(i) Deferred Tax Assets associated with the accumulated tax losses
(ii) Deferred Tax Assets other than associated with the accumulated tax losses, net of Deferred
Tax Liabilities, if any. Where the Deferred Tax Liabilities is in excess of the Deferred
Tax Assets (excluding Deferred Tax Assets associated with accumulated losses), the
excess shall neither be adjusted against item (i) nor added to Common Equity Tier 1
capital.
c. Miscellaneous expenditure to the extent not written off. e.g. VRS expense, preliminary
expense, share issue expense, deferred revenue expenditure, etc.
d. Investment in Securities of financial institutions licensed by Nepal Rastra Bank3.
e. All Investments in equity of institutions with financial interest.
f. Investments in equity of institutions in excess of the prescribed limits.
g. Investments arising out of underwriting commitments that have not been disposed within a year
from the date of commitment.
h. Reciprocal crossholdings of bank capital artificially designed to inflate the capital position of
the bank.
i. Cash Flow Hedge Reserve
The amount of the cash flow hedge reserve which relates to the hedging of items that are not
fair valued on the balance sheet (including projected cash flows) should be derecognized in the
calculation of Common Equity Tier 1. This means that positive amounts should be deducted
and negative amounts should be added back. This treatment specifically identifies the element
of the cash flow hedge reserve that is to be derecognized for prudential purposes. It removes the
element that gives rise to artificial volatility in Common Equity, as in this case the reserve only

3
Investment in shares of institutions, where the waiver has been explicitly provided by NRB are subject to risk weight of 100%
and shall not be deducted from Tier 1 capital.

20
 reflects one half of the picture (the fair value of the derivative, but not the changes in fair value
of the hedged future cash flow).
j. Defined Benefit Pension Fund Assets and Liabilities
Defined benefit pension fund liabilities, as included on the balance sheet, must be fully
recognized in the calculation of Common Equity Tier 1 capital (i.e. Common Equity Tier 1
capital cannot be increased through derecognizing or unrecognition of these liabilities). For
each defined benefit pension fund that is an asset on the balance sheet, the asset should be
deducted in the calculation of Common Equity Tier 1 net of any associated deferred tax liability
which would be extinguished if the asset should become impaired or derecognized under the
relevant accounting standards.
k. Any other instruments as stipulated by Nepal Rastra Bank, from time to time.

2.4 CAPITAL FUNDS:

The capital fund is the summation of Tier 1 and Tier 2 capital and Tier 1 capital is the total of
common equity Tier 1 and additional Tier 1 capital. A bank should compute capital ratios in the
following manner:

Common Equity tier 1 capital ratio = Common equity tier 1 Capital

Total Risk Weighted Exposure*

.
Tier 1 capital ratio = Eligible tier 1 Capital
Total Risk Weighted Exposure

Total Capital (CAR#) = Eligible Total Capital .

Total Risk Weighted Exposure

*Total Risk Weighted Exposure = Credit Risk RWE+Market Risk RWE+ Operational Risk
RWE + Supervisory Adjustment under Pillar II
RWE= Risk weighted Exposure;
# Capital Adequacy Ratio

(i) Banks shall maintain a minimum total capital (MTC) of 8.5% of total risk weighted assets
(RWAs) i.e. capital to risk weighted assets (CRAR).
(ii) Common Equity Tier 1 (CET1) capital must be at least 4.5% of risk-weighted assets
(RWAs) i.e. for credit risk + market risk + operational risk on an ongoing basis.
(iii) Tier 1 capital must be at least 6% of RWAs on an ongoing basis. Thus, within the minimum
Tier 1 capital, Additional Tier 1 capital can be admitted maximum at 1.5% of RWAs.
(iv) Total Capital (Tier 1 Capital plus Tier 2 Capital) must be at least 8.5% of RWAs on an
ongoing basis. The sum total of the different components of the tier 2 capitals will be
limited to the sum total of the various components of the Tier 1 capital net of deductions as
specified in paragraph 2.3. In case the Tier 1 capital is negative, Tier 2 capital shall be
considered to be "Nil" for regulatory capital adequacy purposes and hence, in such a
situation, the capital fund shall be equal to the Tier 1 capital.
(v) If a bank has complied with the minimum Common Equity Tier 1 and Tier 1 capital ratios,
then the excess Additional Tier 1 capital can be admitted for compliance with the minimum
CRAR of 8.5% of RWAs.
(vi) In addition to the minimum Common Equity Tier 1 capital of 4.5% of RWAs, banks are
also required to maintain a capital conservation buffer (CCB) of 2.5% of RWAs in the form
of Common Equity Tier 1 capital.

21
 Thus, with full implementation of capital ratios and CCB the capital requirements are
summarized as follows:
Regulatory Capital As % to
RWAs
(i) Minimum Common Equity Tier 1 Ratio 4.5
(ii) Capital Conservation Buffer ( Comprised of Common Equity) 2.5
(iii) Minimum Common Equity Tier 1 Ratio plus Capital Conservation 7.0
Buffer [(i)+(ii)]
(iv) Minimum Tier 1 Capital Ratio 6.0
(v) Minimum Total Capital Ratio ( MTC) 8.5
(vi) Minimum Total Capital Ratio plus Capital Conservation Buffer 11.0

For the purpose of all prudential exposure limits linked to capital funds, the capital funds
will exclude the applicable capital conservation buffer and countercyclical capital buffer as
and when activated, but include Additional Tier 1 capital and Tier 2 capital. It may be
noted that the term Common Equity Tier 1 capital does not include capital conservation
buffer and countercyclical capital buffer.

2.5 CAPITAL CONSERVATION BUFFER

A. Objective
1. The capital conservation buffer (CCB) is designed to ensure that banks build up capital buffers
during normal times (i.e. outside periods of stress) which can be drawn down as losses are
incurred during a stressed period. The requirement is based on simple capital conservation rules
designed to avoid breaches of minimum capital requirements.
2. Outside the period of stress, banks should hold buffers of capital above the regulatory minimum.
When buffers have been drawn down, one way banks should look to rebuild them is through
reducing discretionary distributions of earnings. Banks may also choose to raise new capital from
the market as an alternative to conserving internally generated capital. However, if a bank decides
to make payments in excess of the constraints imposed as explained above, the bank, with the
prior approval of NRB, would have to use the option of raising capital from the market equal to
the amount above the constraint which it wishes to distribute.
3. The capital conservation buffer can be drawn down only when a bank faces a systemic or
idiosyncratic stress. A bank should not choose in normal times to operate in the buffer range
simply to compete with other banks and win market share. This aspect would be specifically
looked into by NRB during the Supervisory Review and Evaluation Process. If, at any time, a
bank is found to have allowed its capital conservation buffer to fall in normal times, particularly
by increasing its risk weighted assets without a commensurate increase in the Common Equity
Tier 1 Ratio (although adhering to the restrictions on distributions), this would be viewed
seriously. In addition, such a bank will be required to bring the buffer to the desired level within a
time limit prescribed by NRB. The banks which draw down their capital conservation buffer
during a stressed period should also have a definite plan to replenish the buffer as part of its
Internal Capital Adequacy Assessment Process and strive to bring the buffer to the desired level
within a time limit agreed to with NRB during the Supervisory Review and Evaluation Process.
4. The framework of capital conservation buffer will strengthen the ability of banks to withstand
adverse economic environment conditions, will help increase banking sector resilience both going
into a downturn, and provide the mechanism for rebuilding capital during the early stages of
economic recovery. Thus, by retaining a greater proportion of earnings during a downturn, banks
will be able to help ensure that capital remains available to support the ongoing business
operations / lending activities during the period of stress. Therefore, this framework is expected to
help reduce pro-cyclicality.

22
B. The Framework
5. Banks are required to maintain a capital conservation buffer of 2.5%, comprised of Common
Equity Tier 1 capital, above the regulatory minimum capital requirement of 8.50%. Banks should
not distribute capital (i.e. pay dividends or bonuses in any form) in case capital level falls within
this range. However, they will be able to conduct business as normal when their capital levels fall
into the conservation range as they experience losses. Therefore, the constraints imposed are
related to the distributions only and are not related to the operations of banks. The distribution
constraints imposed on banks when their capital levels fall into the range increase as the banks
capital levels approach the minimum requirements. The Table below shows the minimum capital
conservation ratios a bank must meet at various levels of the Common Equity Tier 1 capital
ratios.
Minimum capital conservation standards for individual bank
Common Equity Tier 1 Ratio Minimum Capital Conservation Ratios
(expressed as a percentage of earnings)
4.5% - 5.125% 100%
>5.125% - 5.75% 80%
>5.75% - 6.375% 60%
>6.375% - 7.0% 40%
>7.0% 0%

For example, a bank with a Common Equity Tier 1 capital ratio in the range of 5.125% to 5.75%
is required to conserve 80% of its earnings in the subsequent financial year (i.e. payout no more
than 20%).

6. The capital conservation buffer will be phased in between mid July 2016 and becoming fully
effective on mid July 2019. It will begin at 1.25% of RWEs on mid July 2016, 1.5% on mid July
2017 and increase each subsequent year by an additional 0.50 percentage points, to reach its final
level of 2.5% of RWAs on mid July 2019. The minimum capital conservation standards apply
with reference to the applicable minimum CET1 capital and applicable CCB. Therefore, during
the transition period, banks may refer to the following Table for meeting the minimum capital
conservation ratios at various levels of the Common Equity Tier 1 capital ratios:
Minimum capital conservation standards for individual bank
Common Equity Tier 1 Ratio after including the current periods retained Minimum
earnings Capital
Conservation
Mid July, 2016 Mid July, 2017 Mid July, 2018 Ratios
(expressed as
% of earnings)
4.50% - 4.81% 4.5% - 4.875% 4.5% - 5.00% 100%
>4.81% - 5.13% >4.875% - 5.25% >5.00% - 5.50% 80%
>5.13% - 5.44% >5.25% - 5.625% >5.50% - 6.00% 60%
>5.44% - 5.75% >5.625% - 6.00% >6.00% - 6.50% 40%
>5.75% >6.00% >6.50% 0%

Banks that already meet the minimum ratio requirement during the transition period but remain
below the 7% Common Equity Tier 1 target (minimum of 4.5% plus conservation buffer of 2.5%)
should maintain prudent earnings retention policies with a view to meeting the conservation
buffer as soon as reasonably possible. However, NRB may consider accelerating the build-up of
the capital conservation buffer and shorten the transition periods, if the situation warrants so.

7. The Common Equity Tier 1 ratio includes amounts used to meet the minimum Common Equity
Tier 1 capital requirement of 4.5%, but excludes any additional Common Equity Tier 1 needed to

23
 meet the 7% Tier 1 and 8.5% Total Capital requirements. For example, a bank maintains
Common Equity Tier 1 capital of 8.5% and has no Additional Tier 1 or Tier 2 capital. Therefore,
the bank would meet all minimum capital requirements, but would have a zero conservation
buffer and therefore, the bank would be subjected to 100% constraint on distributions of capital
by way of dividends, share-buybacks and discretionary bonuses.

8. The following represents other key aspects of the capital conservation buffer requirements:
(i) Elements subject to the restriction on distributions: Dividends and share buybacks,
discretionary payments on other Tier 1 capital instruments and discretionary bonus
payments to staff would constitute items considered to be distributions. Payments which do
not result in depletion of Common Equity Tier 1 capital, (for example includes certain scrip
dividend) are not considered distributions.
(ii) Definition of earnings: Earnings are defined as distributable profits before the deduction
of elements subject to the restriction on distributions mentioned at (i) above. Earnings are
calculated after the tax which would have been reported had none of the distributable items
been paid. As such, any tax impact of making such distributions are reversed out. If a bank
does not have positive earnings and has a Common Equity Tier 1 ratio less than 7%, it
should not make positive net distributions.
(iii) Additional supervisory discretion: Supervisors have the additional discretion to impose
time limits on banks operating within the buffer range on a case-by-case basis. In any case,
supervisors should ensure that the capital plans of banks seek to rebuild buffers over an
appropriate timeframe.

2.6 COUNTERCYCLICAL BUFFER

A. Introduction
1. Losses incurred in the banking sector can be extremely large when a downturn is preceded by a
period of excess credit growth. These losses can destabilise the banking sector and spark a vicious
circle, whereby problems in the financial system can contribute to a downturn in the real
economy that then feeds back on to the banking sector. These interactions highlight the particular
importance of the banking sector building up additional capital defences in periods where the
risks of system-wide stress are growing markedly.

2. The countercyclical buffer aims to ensure that banking sector capital requirements take account of
the macro-financial environment in which banks operate. The primary aim of the countercyclical
capital buffer requirement is to use a buffer of capital to achieve the broader macroprudential goal
of protecting the banking sector from periods of excess aggregate credit growth that have often
been associated with the build up of system-wide risk. Protecting the banking sector in this
context is not simply ensuring that individual banks remain solvent through a period of stress, as
the minimum capital requirement and capital conservation buffer are together designed to fulfill
this objective. Rather, the aim is to ensure that the banking sector in aggregate has the capital on
hand to help maintain the flow of credit in the economy without its solvency being questioned,
when the broader financial system experiences stress after a period of excess credit growth.
Therefore, excess aggregate credit growth is judged to be associated with a build-up of system-
wide risk to ensure the banking system has a buffer of capital to protect it against future potential
losses.

3. The countercyclical buffer regime consists of the following elements:

a) Nepal Rastra Bank will monitor credit growth and other indicators that may signal a buildup
of system-wide risk and make assessments of whether credit growth is excessive and is

24
 leading to the buildup of system-wide risk. Based on this assessment Nepal Rastra Bank will
put in place a countercyclical buffer requirement when circumstances warrant. This
requirement will be released when system-wide risk crystallises or dissipates.
b) The countercyclical buffer requirement to which a bank is subject will extend the size of the
capital conservation buffer. Banks will be subject to restrictions on distributions if they do not
meet the requirement.

B. Countercyclical buffer requirements

Nepal Rastra Bank has adopted the Credit to GDP ratio, macro-economic vairable, as guide for
reference point for taking buffer decisions. Nepal Rastra Bank will monitor Credit to GDP ratio
at least annually and calculate Credit to GDP gap, i.e. the gap between Credit to GDP ratio and
its Trend. The intensity of Credit to GDP gap shall be the indication of the extent of the buildup
of system-wide risk i.e. If the credit-to-GDP ratio is significantly above its trend (ie there is a
large positive gap) then this is an indication that credit may have grown to excessive levels
relative to GDP. The Credit to GDP gap shall be calculated as follows:

Credit to GDP Gap(t) = Credit to GDP Ratio(t) Trend(t)

The countercyclical buffer requirement will vary between zero and 2.5% of risk weighted assets,
depending on the extent of the build up of system-wide risk. The credit to GDP gap of 5 points
shall be taken as cut off points of excess credit growth level. The increase by additional 1 point of
credit to GDP gap in excess of 5 point shall require buffer requirement of 0.5% i.e. each increase
in every one points in credit to GDP gap in excess of 5 points shall require to raise the buffer
requirement by each 0.5%. For this purpose trend is defined as average of credit to GDP ratio of
past 10 years. The following table shows the countercyclical buffer requirement in case of excess
credit growth:

Countercyclical Buffer Requirement

Credit to GDP Gap Buffer Requirement in Terms of CET 1
Up to 5 points 0%
5 to 6 points 0.5%
6 to 7 points 1.0%
7 to 8 points 1.5%
8 to 9 points 2.0%
above 9 points 2.5%

The banks are required to raise level of the buffer by up to 12 months, but shall be allowed
to decrease the level of the buffer with immediate effect. The bank, not being able to
maintain the countercyclical buffer requirement, shall not be allowed to distribute its earning.

2.7 LEVERAGE RATIO

A. Rationale and Objective
One of the underlying features of the crisis was the build-up of excessive on- and off-balance
sheet leverage in the banking system. In many cases, banks built up excessive leverage while still
showing strong risk based capital ratios. During the most severe part of the crisis, the banking
sector was forced by the market to reduce its leverage in a manner that amplified downward
pressure on asset prices, further exacerbating the positive feedback loop between losses, declines
in bank capital, and contraction in credit availability. Therefore, under Basel III, a simple,
transparent, non-risk based leverage ratio has been introduced. The leverage ratio is calibrated to
act as a credible supplementary measure to the risk based capital requirements. The leverage ratio
is intended to achieve the following objectives:
a) constrain the build-up of leverage in the banking sector, helping avoid destabilising
deleveraging processes which can damage the broader financial system and the economy; and

25
 b) reinforce the risk based requirements with a simple, non-risk based backstop measure.

B. Definition and Calculation of the Leverage Ratio

a) The provisions relating to leverage ratio are intended to serve as the basis for testing the
leverage ratio during the parallel run period. Banks are required to maintain minimum Tier 1
leverage ratio of 4% during the parallel run period from Mid July, 2016 to mid July, 2018.
After the parallel run final leverage ratio requirement might be revised by NRB after taking
into account the prescriptions given by the Basel Committee.
b) The leverage ratio shall be maintained on a quarterly basis. The Leverage Ratio shall be
calculated as:
Leverage Ratio = Capital Measure
Exposure Measure

I. Capital Measure
a) The capital measure for the leverage ratio should be based on the definition of Tier 1
capital as set out in paragraph 2.1
b) Items that are deducted completely from capital do not contribute to leverage, and should
therefore also be deducted from the measure of exposure.
II. Exposure Measure
The exposure measure for the leverage ratio should generally follow the accounting measure
of exposure. In order to measure the exposure consistently with financial accounts, the
following should be applied by banks:
a) on-balance sheet, non-derivative exposures will be net of specific provisions and
valuation adjustments (e.g. prudent valuation adjustments for Available For Sale (AFS)
and Held For Trading (HFT) positions, credit valuation adjustments);
b) physical or financial collateral, guarantees or credit risk mitigation purchased is not
allowed to reduce on-balance sheet exposures; and
c) netting of loans and deposits is not allowed.
Component of Exposure Measure
(i) On-Balance Sheet Items
Banks should include all items of assets reported in their accounting balance sheet for the
purposes of calculation of the leverage ratio. In addition, the exposure measure should
include the following treatments for Securities Financing Transactions (e.g. repo and reverse
repo agreements, CBLO) and derivatives.
(ii) Repurchase agreements and securities finance
Securities Financing Transactions (SFTs) are a form of secured funding and therefore, an
important source of balance sheet leverage that should be included in the leverage ratio.
Therefore, banks should calculate SFT for the purposes of the leverage ratio by applying:
(a) the accounting measure of exposure; and
(b) without netting various long and short positions with the same counterparty.
(iii) Derivatives
Derivatives create two types of exposure: an on-balance sheet present value reflecting the
fair value of the contract (often zero at outset but subsequently positive or negative depending
on the performance of the contract), and a notional economic exposure representing the

26
 underlying economic interest of the contract. Banks should calculate exposure in respect of
derivatives, including where a bank sells protection using a credit derivative, for the purposes
of the leverage ratio by applying:
(a) the accounting measure of exposure (positive Marked to Market (MTM) value) plus an
add-on for Potential Future Exposure (PFE) calculated according to the Current Exposure
Method; and

(b) without netting the MTM values and PFEs in respect of various long and short positions
with the same counterparty.

(iv) Other Off-Balance Sheet Items

Banks should calculate the off balance sheet items . These include commitments (including
liquidity facilities), unconditionally cancellable commitments, direct credit substitutes,
acceptances, standby letters of credit, trade letters of credit, failed transactions and unsettled
securities. The off balance sheet items are source of the potentially significant leverage.
Therefore, bank should calculate the above off balance sheet items for the purposes of the
leverage ratio by applying a uniform 100% credit conversion factor (CCF).

3. CREDIT RISK
3.1 GENERAL:
Credit risk is the major risk that banks are exposed to during the normal course of lending and credit
underwriting. There are two approaches for credit risk measurement: the standardized approach and
the internal ratings based (IRB) approach. Due to various inherent constraints of the Nepalese
banking system, the standardized approach in its simplified form, Simplified Standardized Approach
(SSA), has been prescribed in the initial phase.
3.2 SIMPLIFIED STANDARDIZED APPROACH (SSA):
In comparison to Basel I, SSA aligns regulatory capital requirements more closely with the key
elements of banking risk by introducing a wider differentiation of risk weights and a wider
recognition of credit risk mitigation techniques. The advantage of implementing this approach is
twofold. This approach allows transitional advantage for countries like us by avoiding excessive
complexities associated with the advanced approaches of Basel II while at the same time it will
produce capital ratios more in line with the actual economic risks that banks are facing, compared to
the present Accord.
Under this approach commercial banks are required to assign a risk weight to their balance sheet and
off-balance sheet exposures. These risk weights are based on a fixed weight that is broadly aligned
with the likelihood of a counterparty default. As a general rule, the claims that have already been
deducted from the core capital shall be exempt from risk weights for the measurement of credit risk.
Claims on foreign government, their central banks as well as foreign corporates shall be generally
risk-weighed on the basis of the consensus country risk scores of export credit agencies (ECA)4.
Wherever there are claims relating to unrated countries, they shall generally be risk weighed at 100
percent. However, these claims shall be subject to supervisory review and higher risk weight shall be
assigned where the review process is deemed appropriate.
All kinds of claims including loans & advances as well as investments shall be a risk weighed net of
specific provisions. Generally provision related to any receivable or investment is not defined as
general or specific. In such a situation, the total provision against any claim/exposure (other than the
loans and advances) shall be regarded as specific provision. However, provisions eligible for the
supplementary capital shall not be allowed for netting while calculating risk weighted exposures.
In case of loans, advances and bills purchased the provisions created in lieu of Pass loans only are
classified as General loan loss provision. All other provisions are components of specific loan loss

4 The consensus country risk classification is available on the OECDs website (http://www.oecd.org) in the Export Credit
Arrangement web page of the Trade Directorate. Each bank while computing the risk weight in any claim should use the updated
risk score.

27
 provision. Hence, general loan loss provision doesnt comprise provisions created in respect of
rescheduled/restructured and non performing loans. It also doesnt include additional provisions
created for personal guarantee loans or lending in excess of Single Obligor Limits. However,
provisions created in excess of the regulatory requirements and not attributable to identifiable losses
in any specific loans shall be allowed to be included in the General Loan Loss Provision.
In order to be consistent with the Basel framework, the credit risk for the regulatory capital purpose
shall be computed by segregating the exposure in the following 11 categories.
a) Claims on government & central bank
b) Claims on other official entities
c) Claims on banks
d) Claims on corporate & securities firms
e) Claims on regulatory retail portfolio
f) Claims secured by residential properties
g) Claims secured by commercial real state
h) Past due claims
i) High risk claims
j) Other assets
k) Off balance sheet items
3.3 RISK MEASUREMENT AND RISK WEIGHTS:
a. Claims on government & central bank
1. All claims on Government of Nepal and Nepal Rastra Bank shall be risk weighed at 0 %.
2. Claims on foreign government and their central banks shall be risk-weighted on the basis of
the consensus country risk scores as follows:
ECA risk scores 0-1 2 3 4 to 6 7
Risk weights 0% 20% 50% 100% 150%
b. Claims on other official entities
1. Claims on the Bank for International Settlements, the International Monetary Fund, the
European Central Bank and the European Community will receive a 0% risk weight.
2. Following Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs) will be eligible for a 0% risk weight.
World Bank Group, comprised of the International Bank for Reconstruction and
Development (IBRD) and the International Finance Corporation (IFC),
Asian Development Bank (ADB),
African Development Bank (AfDB),
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD),
Inter-American Development Bank (IADB),
European Investment Bank (EIB),
European Investment Fund (EIF),
Nordic Investment Bank (NIB),
Caribbean Development Bank (CDB),
Islamic Development Bank (IDB), and
Council of Europe Development Bank (CEDB).

28
 3. The standard risk weight for claims on other Multilateral Development Banks will be
100%.
4. Claims on public sector entities (PSEs)5
i. Claims on domestic public sector entities:
The risk weight for claims on domestic pubic sector entitiesw will be 100%.
ii. Claims on foreign public sector entities will be risk-weighed as per the ECA country
risk scores.
ECA risk scores 0-1 2 3 to 6 7
Risk weights 20% 50% 100% 150%

c. Claims on banks
1. All claims, irrespective of currency, excluding investment in equity shares and other
instruments eligible for capital funds, on domestic banks/financial institutions that fulfill
Capital Adequacy Requirements will be risk weighed at 20% while for the rest, it will be
100%.
Banks should make use of the publicly available information of the immediately
preceding quarter of the respective banks to gauge their status on capital adequacy.
2. Claims on a foreign bank excluding investment in equity shares and other instruments
eligible for capital funds shall be risk weighed as per the ECA Country risk score subject
to the floor of 20%. The primary basis for applying the ECA Country Risk score shall be
the country of incorporation of the bank. Where the bank is a branch office, the ECA
score of the country where the corporate office is located shall be used while in the case
of a subsidiary the basis shall be the country where the subsidiary is incorporated.
ECA risk scores 0-1 2 3 to 6 7
Risk weights 20% 50% 100% 150%
However, the claims on foreign banks incorporated in the SAARC region and which
operate with a buffer of 1% above their respective regulatory minimum capital
requirements may be risk weighed at 20%. The banks shall be responsible to submit the
latest capital adequacy position of such banks and demonstrate that they fulfill the
eligibility requirements. Such capital adequacy position submitted by the banks should
not be prior to one financial year. Moreover, such claims shall be subject to a supervisory
review and supervisors may require the bank to risk-weigh the claims on ECA country
risk scores where the review process is deemed necessary.
d. Claims on corporate & securities firms
1. The risk weight for claims on domestic corporate, including claims on insurance
companies and securities firm will be 100%. The domestic corporate includes all firms
and companies incorporated in Nepal as per prevailing Acts and regulations.
2. The claims on foreign corporate shall be risk weighed as per the ECA Country risk score
subject to the floor of 20% as follows:
ECA risk scores 0-1 2 3 to 6 7
Risk weights 20% 50% 100% 150%
e. Claims on regulatory retail portfolio
1. Claims6 that qualify all criteria listed below may be considered as regulatory retail
portfolio and risk weighed at 75%, except for past due loans. Such claims however, have

5
Public sector entity (PSE) is one, which is owned or controlled by government or any other entity categorized as PSE by NRB.

29
 to be in strict compliance with the Product paper developed by the bank and approved by
their respective board of directors
Criteria:
Orientation criteria :- exposure is to an individual person or persons or to a small
business. Bank should obtain written declaration from the borrower to the effect that
their indebtedness is within the threshold across all banks and FIs..
Product criteria :- The exposure takes the form of any of the following:
Revolving credits and lines of credit, (including overdraft, hypothecation etc.)
Term loans and leases (e.g. hire purchase, auto loans and leases, student and
educational loans7) and,
Small business facilities and commitments,
Deprived sector loans up to a threshold of Rs.10 million (Ten Million only)
Granularity criteria:- NRB must be satisfied that the regulatory retail portfolio is
sufficiently diversified to a degree that reduces the risks in the portfolio, warranting
the 75% risk weight. No aggregate exposure8 to one counterpart can exceed 0.5 % of
the overall regulatory retail portfolio.
Low value individual criteria :- The total aggregated exposure to one counterpart9
cannot exceed an absolute threshold of Rs.10 million (Nepalese Rupees Ten Million
only)
2. Banks which have claims that fulfill all criterion except for granularity may risk weigh
those claims at 100%
f. Claims secured by residential properties
1. Lending to individuals meant for acquiring or developing residential property which are
fully secured by mortgages on residential property, that is or will be occupied by the
borrower or that is rented, will be risk-weighted at 60%. However, banks should ensure
the existence of adequate margin of security over the amount of loan based on strict
valuation rules.
Banks have to develop product paper and get it approved from the board of directors to
regulate this kind of lending. The claims in order to be eligible for this category have to
be in strict compliance with this product paper
2. Where the loan is not fully secured, such claims have to risk weighed at 150%
3. When claims secured by residential properties are or have been past due10 at any point of
time during the last two years, they shall be risk-weighted at 100%, net of specific
provisions.
g. Claims secured by commercial real estate
1. Claims secured by mortgages on commercial real estate, except past due, shall be risk-
weighed at 100%. Commercial real estate hereby refers to mortgage of Office buildings,
retail space, multi-purpose commercial premises, multi-family residential buildings,
multi-tenanted commercial premises, industrial or warehouse space, hotels, land
acquisition, development and construction etc.

6
Lending against securities (such as equities and bonds) whether listed or not, are specifically excluded from this category.
Likewise credit card receivables are excluded from this category. However, lending against personal guarantee and fully
backed by guaranteed cash flow such as pension etc. that has negligible risk of failure can be included in this category.
7
Personal finance includes overseas employment loan, home loan (to the extent they do not qualify for treatment as
claims secured by residential property), direct deprived sector loan.
8
Aggregated exposure means gross amount (i.e. not taking any credit risk mitigation into account) of all forms of credit
exposures availed from the bank .
9
Counterpart refers to one or a group of borrowers defined by the NRB directives as a single obligor.
10
An exposure is past due if it falls into any other category other than Performing loan as per provisions of NRB directive on
Loan classification.

30
h. Past due claims
1. Any loan, except for claim secured by residential property, which is or has been past due
at any point of time during the last two years, will be risk-weighted at 150% net of
specific provision.
i. High risk claims
1. 150% risk weight shall be applied for venture capital and private equity investments.
2. Exposures on Personal loan in excess of the threshold of regulatory retail portfolio and
lending against securities (bonds and shares) shall attract a risk weight of 150%.
Similarly, exposures on credit card shall also warrant a risk weight of 150%.
3. Investments in the equity and other capital instruments of institutions, which are not
listed in the stock exchange and have not been deducted from Tier 1 capital, shall be risk
weighed at 150% net of provisions.
4. Investments in the equity and other capital instruments of institutions, which are listed in
the stock exchange and have not been deducted from Tier 1 capital, shall be risk weighed
at 100% net of provisions. Investments in mutual fund shall also be risk weighted at
100%.
5. The claims which are not fully secured or are only backed up by personal guarantee shall
attract 150% risk weight.
6. Where loan cannot be segregated/or identified as regulatory retail portfolio or qualifying
residential mortgage loan or under other categories, it shall be risk weighed at 150%.
j. Other assets
1. With regard to other assets, following provisions have been made;
Interest receivable/claim on government securities will be risk-weighed at 0%.
Staff loan given as per Employee By-laws and secured by residential property, that is
or will be occupied by the staff or that is rented, will be risk-weighed at 60%.
However, banks should ensure the existence of adequate margin of security over the
amount of loan based on strict valuation rules.
Investments in equity or regulatory capital instruments issued by securities firms will
be risk-weighed at 100%.
Cash in transit and other cash items in the process of collection will be risk-weighed
at 20%. For this purpose, cash items shall include Cheque, Draft, and Travellers
Cheques.
Fictitious assets that have not been deducted from Tier 1 capital shall be risk weighed
at 100%.
All Other assets will be risk-weighed at 100% net of specific provision.
k. Off balance sheet items
1. Off-balance sheet items under the simplified standardized approach will be converted
into equivalent risk weight exposure using risk weight as follows:
Off Balance Sheet Exposure Risk
Weight
Any commitments those are unconditionally cancelable at any time by the bank without prior 0%
notice, or that effectively provide for automatic cancellation due to deterioration in a borrowers
creditworthiness (for example bills under collection)
Forward exchange contracts. 10%
Short Term Trade-related contingencies 20%
Contingent liabilities arising from trade-related obligations, which are secured against an
underlying shipment of goods for both issuing and confirming bank and are short term in nature.
This includes documentary letters of credit, shipping guarantees issued and any other trade-

31
 related contingencies with an original maturity up to six months.
Undertaking to provide a commitment on an off-balance sheet items 20%
11
Unsettled securities and foreign exchange transactions between bank to bank and between 20%
bank and customer
Long Term Trade-related contingencies 50%
Contingent liabilities arising from trade-related obligations, which are secured against an
underlying shipment of goods for both issuing and confirming bank and are long term in nature.
This includes documentary letters of credit, shipping guarantees issued and any other trade-
related contingencies with an original maturity of over six months. In case the usance letter of
credit is discounted, the risk weight shall be calculated on net basis.
Performance-related contingencies 50%
Contingent liabilities, which involve an irrevocable obligation to pay a third party in the event
that counterparty fails to fulfill or perform a contractual non-monetary obligation, such as
delivery of goods by a specified date etc. This includes issue of performance bonds, bid bonds,
warranties, indemnities, underwriting commitments and standby letters of credit in relation to a
non-monetary obligation of counterparty under a particular transaction.
Long term irrevocable Credit Commitments 50%
Any un-drawn portion of committed credit lines sanctioned for a period of more than 1 year.
This shall include all unutilized limits in respect of revolving working capital loans e.g.
overdraft, cash credit, working capital loan etc. except for trade finance exposures.
Short term irrevocable Credit Commitments 20%
Any un-drawn portion of committed credit lines sanctioned for a period of upto 1 year. This
shall include all unutilized limits in respect of revolving working capital loans e.g. overdraft,
cash credit, working capital loan etc. except for trade finance exposures.
Repurchase agreements, securities lending, securities borrowing, reverse repurchase agreements 100%
and equivalent transactions
This includes sale and repurchase agreements and asset sales with recourse, where the credit
risk remains with the purchasing bank.
Direct credit substitutes 100%
Any irrevocable off-balance sheet obligations which carry the same credit risk as a direct
extension of credit, such as an undertaking to make a payment to a third party in the event that a
counterparty fails to meet a financial obligation or an undertaking to a counterparty to acquire a
potential claim on another party in the event of default by that party, constitutes a direct credit
substitute. This includes potential credit exposures arising from the issue of financial guarantees
and credit derivatives, confirmation of letters of credit (acceptances and endorsements), issue of
standby letters of credit serving as financial guarantees for loans, securities and any other
financial liabilities, and bills endorsed under bill endorsement lines (but which are not accepted
by, or have the prior endorsement of, another bank).
Unpaid portion of partly paid shares and securities 100%
Unpaid Guarantee Claim 200%
Other Contingent Liabilities 100%

3.4 CREDIT RISK MITIGATION:

Banks may use a number of techniques to mitigate the risks to which they are exposed. The prime
objective of this provision is to encourage the banks to manage credit risk in a prudent and effective
manner. As such, credit risks exposures may be collateralized12 in whole or in part with cash or

11
An unsettled transaction is one where delivery of the instrument is due to take place against receipt of cash, but which remain
unsettled five business days after the due settlement date.
12
A collateralized transaction is one in which: a) banks have a credit exposure or potential credit exposure; and b) that credit
exposures or potential credit exposure is hedged in whole or in part by collateral posted by the counter party or by a third party
on behalf of the counter party.

32
securities, or a loan exposure may be guaranteed by a third party. Where these various techniques
meet the minimum conditions mentioned below, banks which take eligible financial collateral are
allowed to reduce their credit exposure to counterparty when calculating their capital requirements to
take account of the risk mitigating effect of the collateral. However, credit risk mitigation is allowed
only on an account by account basis, even within regulatory retail portfolio.
As a general rule, no secured claim should receive a higher capital requirement than an otherwise
identical claim on which there is no collateral. Similarly, the effects of the CRM shall not be double
counted and capital requirement will be applied to banks on either side of the collateralized
transaction: for example, both repos and reverse repos will be subject to capital requirements.
Those portions of claims collateralized by the market value of recognized collateral receive the risk
weight applicable to the collateral instrument. The remainder of the claim should be assigned the risk
weight appropriate to the counter party.
Where the same security has been pledged for both the funded and non funded facilities, banks should
clearly demarcate the value of security held for funded and non funded facilities. In cases where the
bank has obtained the same security for various forms of facilities; banks are eligible to claim the
CRM benefit across all such exposures upto the eligible value of CRM.
a. Minimum conditions for eligibility:
In order to obtain capital relief towards credit risk mitigation, there are certain basic conditions
that need to be fulfilled. Supervisors will monitor the extent to which banks satisfy these
conditions, both at the outset of a collateralized transaction and on an on-going basis.
1. Legal certainty:- Collateral is effective only if the legal mechanism by which collateral
given is robust and ensures that the lender has clear rights over the collateral to liquidate
or retain it in the event of default. Thus, banks must take all necessary steps to fulfill
local contractual requirements in respect of the enforceability of security interest. The
collateral arrangements must be properly documented, with a clear and robust procedure
for the timely liquidation of collateral. A bank's procedures should ensure that any legal
conditions required for declaring the default of the customer and liquidating the collateral
are observed. Where the collateral is held by a custodian, the bank must seek to ensure
that the custodian ensures adequate segregation of the collateral instruments and the
custodian's own assets. Besides that, banks must obtain legal opinions confirming the
enforceability of the collateral arrangements in all relevant jurisdictions.
2. Low correlation with exposure:- In order for collateral to provide protection, the credit
quality of the obligor and the value of the collateral must not have a material positive
correlation. For example, securities issued by the collateral provider - or by any related
group entity - would provide little protection and so would be ineligible.
3. Maturity Mismatch:- The maturity of the underlying exposure and the maturity of the
hedge should both be defined conservatively. The effective maturity of the underlying
should be gauged as the longest possible remaining time before the obligor is scheduled
to fulfill its obligation. The collateral must be pledged for at least the life of the exposure.
In case of mismatches in the maturity of the underlying exposure and the collateral, it
shall not be eligible for CRM benefits.
4. Currency Mismatch:- Ideally the currency of the underlying exposure and the collateral
should be the same. Where the credit exposure is denominated in a currency that differs
from that in which the underlying exposure is denominated, there is a currency mismatch.
Where mismatches occur, it shall be subject to supervisory haircut of 10%.
5. Risk Management:- While CRM reduces credit risk, it simultaneously may increase other
risks to which a bank is exposed, such as legal, operational, liquidity and market risks.
Therefore, it is imperative that banks employ robust procedures and processes to control
these risks, including strategy; consideration of the underlying credit; valuation; policies
and procedures; systems; control of roll-off risks; and management of concentration risk
arising from the bank's use of CRM techniques and its effect with the bank's overall
credit profile. In case where these requirements are not fulfilled, NRB may not recognize
the benefit of CRM techniques.

33
 6. Qualifying criteria for guarantee:- A guarantee (counter guarantee) to be eligible must
represent a direct claim on the protection provider and must be explicitly referenced to
specific exposures or a pool of exposures, so that the extent of the cover is clearly defined
and irrefutable. Other than non-payment by a protection purchaser of money due in
respect of the credit protection contract it must be irrevocable in that there must be no
clause in the contract that would increase the effective cost of cover as a result of
deteriorating credit quality in the hedged exposure. It must also be unconditional in that
there should be no clause in the protection contract outside the control of the bank that
could prevent the protection provider from being obliged to pay out in a timely manner in
the event that the original counter party fails to make the payments due.
On the qualifying default or non-payment of the counter party, the bank may in a timely
manner pursue the guarantor for any monies outstanding under the documentation
governing the transaction. The guarantor may make one lump sum payment of all monies
under such documentation to the bank, or the guarantor may assume the future payment
obligations of the counter party covered by the guarantee. The bank must have the right
to receive any such payments from the guarantor without first having to take legal actions
in order to pursue the counter party payment.
b. Eligible Collaterals:
1. Cash deposit (as well as certificates of deposit or fixed deposits or other deposits) with
the bank. The banks may only claim these as CRM only if it has specific authority to
recover the amount from this source in case of default.
2. Fixed Deposit Receipts/Certificates of deposits/other deposits of other Banks and FIs,
who fulfill the capital adequacy requirements, subject to a 20% supervisory haircut.
3. Gold.
4. Securities issued by the Government of Nepal and Nepal Rastra Bank.
5. Guarantee of the Government of Nepal
6. Financial guarantee/counter guarantee of domestic banks and FIs who meet the minimum
capital adequacy requirements subject to a haircut of 20%.
7. Securities/Financial guarantee/Counter guarantee issued by sovereigns.
8. Securities/Financial guarantee/Counter guarantee issued by MDBs in the list specified in
3.3 b (3 & 4)
9. Securities/Financial guarantee/Counter guarantee issued by banks with ECA rating 2 or
better. The supervisory haircut shall be 20% and 50% for the banks with ECA rating of 0-
1 and 2 respectively.
c. Methodology for using CRM
Step 1: Identify the accounts eligible for capital relief under credit risk mitigation.
Step 2: Assess the value of the exposure and the eligible collateral.
Step 3: Adjust the value of the eligible collateral in respect of the supervisory haircut in terms
of currency mismatch and other eligibility requirements.
Step 4: Compare the adjusted value of the collateral with the outstanding exposure.
Step 5: The value of the eligible CRM is the lower of the adjusted value of the collateral and
the outstanding exposure.
Step 6: Plot the eligible CRM in the appropriate category of credit risk.
The sum total of net amount of eligible CRM as per Form No.4 Exhibit of claims with eligible
credit risk mitigants shall be consistent with the Form No.3 Eligible Credit Risk Mitigants
prescribed in this framework.

34
4. OPERATIONAL RISK
4.1 GENERAL:
Operational risk is the risk of loss resulting from inadequate internal processes, people, and systems,
or from external events. Operational risk itself is not a new concept, and well run banks have been
addressing it in their internal controls and corporate governance structures. However, applying an
explicit regulatory capital charge against operational risk is a relatively new and evolving idea. Basel
II requires banks to hold capital against the risk of unexpected loss that could arise from the failure of
operational systems.
The most important types of operational risk involve breakdowns in internal controls and corporate
governance. Such breakdowns can lead to financial losses through error, fraud, or failure to perform
in a timely manner or cause the interests of the bank to be compromised in some other way, for
example, by its dealers, lending officers or other staff exceeding their authority or conducting
business in an unethical or risky manner. Other aspects of operational risk include major failure of
information technology systems or events such as major fires or other disasters.

4.2 BASIC INDICATOR APPROACH:

Under the basic indicator approach, banks must hold capital for operational risk equal to the average
over the previous three years of a fixed percentage (denoted alpha) of positive annual gross income.
The capital charge for operational risk may be expressed as follows:
KBIA = [(GI1..n )]/N
where:
KBIA = capital charge under the Basic Indicator Approach
GI = annual gross income, where positive, over the previous three years
N = number of the previous three years for which gross income is positive
= 15 percent.
NRB shall review the capital requirement produced by this approach for general credibility,
especially in relation to a bank's peers and in the event that credibility is lacking, appropriate
supervisory action under Review Process shall be considered.
Figures for the year, in which annual gross income is negative or zero, should be excluded from both
the numerator and denominator while calculating the average. In case where the gross income for all
of the last three years is negative, 5% of total credit and investments net of specific provisions shall
be considered as the capital charge for operational risk. For this purpose investments shall comprise
of money at call, placements, investment in government securities and other investments irrespective
of currency.
Similarly, in case of new banks who have not completed a year of operation and hence whose
average gross income cannot be measured reliably, they shall also be required to compute their capital
charge for operational risk vide the same approach as prescribed for banks with negative gross
income. These banks may use the gross income approach from the second year onwards. But, based
on the reasonableness of the so computed capital charge for Operation Risk, during the first three
years of operation, review process may require additional proportion of capital charge if deemed
necessary.
4.3 GROSS INCOME:
Gross income is defined as "net Interest Income" plus "non interest income". It is intended that this
measure should:
a. be gross of any provisions (e.g. for unpaid interest) and write-offs made during the year;
b. be gross of operating expenses, exclude reversal during the year in respect of provisions and
write-offs made during the previous year(s);

35
 c. exclude income/gain recognized from the disposal of items of movable and immovable
property;
d. exclude realized profits/losses from the sale of securities in the held to maturity category;
e. exclude other extraordinary or irregular items of income and expenditure
Thus, for the purpose of capital adequacy requirements, gross income shall be summation of:
a. Total operating income as disclosed in Profit and Loss account prepared as per NRB directive
no.4. The total operating income comprises of:
1. Net Interest Income
2. Commission and Discount Income
3. Other Operating Income
4. Exchange Fluctuation Income
b. Addition/deduction in the Interest Suspense during the period.
Banks shall use the annual audited financials of the last three years for the computation of gross
income under this approach. Hence, the capital requirement for operational risk for a whole financial
year shall remain constant. Until the accounts are finalized for the financial year, banks shall use the
provisional figures for the period, which should be validated by the internal auditor of the bank.
4.4 COMPUTATION OF RISK WEIGHT:
Operational risk-weighted assets are determined by multiplying the operational risk capital charge by
10 and adding together with the risk weighted exposures for credit risk.

5. MARKET RISK
5.1 DEFINITION OF MARKET RISK:
Market risk is defined as the risk of losses in on-balance sheet and off-balance sheet positions arising
from adverse movements in market prices. The major constituents of market risks are:
a. The risks pertaining to interest rate related instruments;
b. Foreign exchange risk (including gold positions) throughout the bank; and
c. The risks pertaining to investment in equities and commodities.
5.2 SEGREGATION OF INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO:
Banks will have to segregate their investment portfolio into any of following three categories:
a. Held for Trading:
An investment that is made for the purpose of generating a profit from short term
fluctuations in price should be classified under this category. An asset should be classified as
held for trading even if it is a part of a portfolio of similar assets for which there is a pattern of
trading for the purpose of generating a profit from short term fluctuations in price. These
investments should be marked to market on a daily basis and differences reflected in the profit
and loss account.
b. Held to Maturity:
The investments made with positive intent and ability of the bank to hold till maturity should be
classified as held to maturity investments. The bank does not have the positive intent to hold an
investment to maturity, if any of the following conditions are met:
1. Bank has the intent and the ability to hold the asset for only an undefined period; or
2. Bank stands ready to sell the asset (other than if a situation arises that is non-recurring
and could not have been reasonably anticipated) in response to changes in market interest
rates or risks, liquidity needs, changes in the availability of and the yield on alternative
investments, changes in financing sources and terms, or changes in foreign currency risk.

36
 The held to maturity investments should be valued at amortised cost i.e. the cost price less any
impairments (if applicable). The impairments should be included in the profit and loss accounts
for the period.
c. Available for Sale:
All other investments that are neither "held for trading" nor "held to maturity" should be
classified under this category. These investments should be marked to market on a regular basis
and the difference to be adjusted through reserves. Banks are required to maintain Investment
Adjustment Reserve (eligible as Tier 2 capital) to the extent of 2% of available for sale
portfolio.
The share investment on intitutions specified under Directives no. 8 shall be exempted for
maitaining Investment Adjustment Reserve .

5.3 NET OPEN POSITION APPROACH:

Out of the various components of market risk, foreign exchange risk is the predominant risk in our
country. The effects of other forms of market risk are minimal. Thus, a net open position approach
has been devised to measure the capital requirement for market risk. As evidenced by its name, this
approach only addresses the risk of loss arising out of adverse movements in exchange rates. This
approach will be consolidated over time to incorporate other forms of market risks as they start to
gain prominence.
The designated Net Open Position approach requires banks to allocate a fixed proportion of capital in
terms of its net open position. The banks should allocate 5 percentage of their net open positions as
capital charge for market risk.

5.4 NET OPEN POSITION:

Net open position is the difference between the assets and the liability in a currency. In other words, it
is the uncovered volume of asset or liability which is exposed to the changes in the exchange rates of
currencies. For capital adequacy requirements the net open position includes both net spot positions
as well as net forward positions.
For capital adequacy purposes, banks should calculate their net open position in the following
manner:
a. Calculate the net open position in each of the foreign currencies.
b. Convert the net open positions in each currency to NPR as per prevalent exchange rates.
c. Aggregate the converted net open positions of all currencies, without paying attention to long
or short positions.
d. This aggregate shall be the net open position of the bank.
5.5 COMPUTATION OF RISK WEIGHT:
Risk-weighted assets in respect of market risk are determined by multiplying the capital charges by
10 and adding together with the risk weighted exposures for credit risk.

6. REVIEW PROCESS
6.1 GENERAL:
The supervisory review process of the framework is intended not only to ensure that banks have
adequate capital to support all the risks in their business, but also to encourage banks to develop and
use better risk management techniques in monitoring and managing their risks. It is the responsibility
of the bank management in developing an internal capital assessment process and setting capital
targets that are commensurate with the banks risk profile and control environment beyond the core
minimum requirements.

37
 Nepal Rastra Bank recognizes the significance of the relationship between the amount of capital held
by the bank against its risks and the strength and effectiveness of the banks risk management and
internal control processes. However, increased capital should not be viewed as the only option for
addressing increased risks confronting the bank. Other means for addressing risk, such as
strengthening risk management, applying internal limits, strengthening the level of provisions and
reserves, and improving internal controls, must also be considered. Furthermore, capital should not be
regarded as a substitute for addressing fundamentally inadequate control or risk management
processes.
There are three main areas that is particularly suited to treatment under this process: risks considered
under minimum capital requirements which are not fully captured it (e.g. credit concentration risk);
those factors not taken into account by the minimum capital requirements (e.g. business and strategic
risk); and factors external to the bank (e.g. business cycle effects).
In order to achieve the objectives of the supervisory review process, this process has been broadly
divided into three parts:
a. Internal Capital Adequacy Assessment Process (ICAAP)
b. Supervisory Review
c. Supervisory Response
6.2 INTERNAL CAPITAL ADEQUACY ASSESSMENT PROCESS:
The internal capital adequacy assessment process (ICAAP) is a comprehensive process which
requires board and senior management oversight, monitoring, reporting and internal control reviews
at regular intervals to ensure the alignment of regulatory capital requirement with the true risk profile
of the bank and thus ensure long-term safety and soundness of the bank. The key components of an
effective ICAAP are discussed below.

a. Board and senior management oversight

Bank management is responsible for understanding the nature and level of risk being taken by
the bank and how this risk relates to adequate capital levels. It is also responsible for ensuring
that the formality and sophistication of the risk management processes is commensurate with
the complexity of its operations. A sound risk management process, thus, is the foundation for
an effective assessment of the adequacy of a banks capital position.
The board of directors of the bank are responsible for setting the banks tolerance for risks. The
board should also ensure that management establishes a mechanism for assessing various risks;
develops a system to relate these risks to the banks capital level and sets up a method for
monitoring compliance with internal policies. It is equally important that the board instills
strong internal controls and thereby an effective control environment through adoption of
written policies and procedures and ensures that the policies and procedures are effectively
communicated throughout the bank.
The analysis of a banks current and future capital requirements in relation to its strategic
objectives is a vital element of the strategic planning process. The strategic plan should clearly
outline the banks capital needs, anticipated capital expenditures, desirable capital level, and
external capital sources. Senior management and the board should view capital planning as a
crucial element in being able to achieve its desired strategic objectives.
b. Sound capital assessment
Another crucial component of an effective ICAAP is the assessment of capital. In order to be
able to make a sound capital assessment the bank should, at minimum, have the following:
Policies and procedures designed to ensure that the bank identifies, measures, and reports
all material risks;
A process that relates capital to the level of risk;
A process that states capital adequacy goals with respect to risk, taking account of the
banks strategic focus and business plan; and

38
 A process of internal control, reviews and audit to ensure the integrity of the overall
management process.
c. Comprehensive assessment of risks
All material risks faced by the bank should be addressed in the capital assessment process.
Nepal Rastra Bank recognizes that not all risks can be measured precisely. However, bank
should develop a process to estimate risks with reasonable certainties. In order to make a
comprehensive assessment of risks, the process should, at minimum, address the following
forms of risk.
1. Credit risk: Banks should have methodologies that enable them to assess the credit risk
involved in exposures to individual borrowers or counterparties as well as at the portfolio
level. The credit review assessment of capital adequacy, at a minimum, should cover risk
rating systems, portfolio analysis/aggregation, large exposures and risk concentrations.
Internal risk ratings are an important tool in monitoring credit risk. Internal risk ratings
should be adequate to support the identification and measurement of risk from all credit
exposures, and should be integrated into an institutions overall analysis of credit risk and
capital adequacy. The ratings system should provide detailed ratings for all assets, not
only for problem assets.
2. Credit concentration risk: Risk concentrations are arguably the single most important
cause of major problems in banks. A risk concentration is any single exposure or group of
exposures with the potential to produce losses large enough (relative to a banks capital,
total assets, or overall risk level) to threaten a banks health or ability to maintain its core
operations.
Lending being the primary activity of most banks, credit risk concentrations are often the
most material risk concentrations within a bank. However, risk concentrations can arise
in a banks assets, liabilities, or off-balance sheet items, through the execution or
processing of transactions (either product or service), or through a combination of
exposures across these broad categories. Credit risk concentrations are based on common
or correlated risk factors, which, in times of stress, have an adverse effect on the
creditworthiness of each of the individual counterparties making up the concentration.
Such credit concentrations are not addressed in the minimum capital requirements for
credit risk. Thus, Banks should have in place effective internal policies, systems and
controls to identify, measure, monitor, and control their credit risk concentrations. Banks
should explicitly consider the extent of their credit risk concentrations in their assessment
of capital adequacy under review processes. These policies should cover the different
forms of credit risk concentrations to which a bank may be exposed to. Such
concentrations include but are not limited to:
Significant exposures to an individual counterparty or group of related counterparty.
Banks might also establish an aggregate limit for the management and control of all
of its large exposures as a group;
Credit exposures to counterparties in the same economic sector or geographic region;
Credit exposures to counterparties whose financial performance is dependent on the
same activity or commodity; and
Indirect credit exposures arising from a banks CRM activities (e.g. exposure to a
similar type of collateral or credit protection provided by a single counterparty or
same collateral in cases of multiple banking).
A banks framework for managing credit risk concentrations should be clearly
documented and should include a definition of the credit risk concentrations relevant to
the bank and how these concentrations and their corresponding limits are calculated.
Limits should be defined in relation to a banks capital, total assets or, where adequate
measures exist, its overall risk level. A banks management should conduct periodic
stress tests of its major credit risk concentrations and review the results of those tests to

39
 identify and respond to potential changes in market conditions that could adversely
impact the banks performance.
3. Operational risk: The failure to properly manage operational risk can result in a
misstatement of an institutions risk/return profile and expose the institution to significant
losses. Gross income, used in the Basic Indicator Approach is only a proxy for the scale
of operational risk exposure of a bank and can in some cases underestimate the need for
capital. Thus, Banks should develop a framework for managing operational risk and
evaluate the adequacy of capital as prescribed by this framework. The framework should
cover the banks appetite and tolerance for operational risk, as specified through the
policies for managing this risk, including the extent and manner in which operational risk
is transferred outside the bank. It should also include policies outlining the banks
approach to identifying, assessing, monitoring and controlling/mitigating the risk.
4. Market risk: The prescribed approach for the computation of capital charge for market
risk is very simple and thus may not be directly aligned with the magnitude of risk.
Likewise, the approach only incorporates risks arising out of adverse movements in
exchange rates while ignoring other forms of risks like interest rate risk and equity risks.
Thus, banks should develop a framework that addresses these various forms of risk and at
the same time perform stress tests to evaluate the adequacy of capital.
The use of internal models by the bank for the measurement of market risk is highly
encouraged. Wherever bank's make use of internal models for computation of capital
charge for market risks, the bank management should ensure the adequacy and
completeness of the system regardless of the type and level of complexity of the
measurement system as the quality and reliability of the measurement system is largely
dependent on the quality of the data and various assumptions used in the model.
5. Liquidity risk: Liquidity is crucial to the ongoing viability of any financial institution.
The capital positions can have a telling effect on institutions ability to obtain liquidity,
especially in a crisis. Each bank must have adequate systems for measuring, monitoring
and controlling liquidity risk. Banks should evaluate the adequacy of capital given their
own liquidity profile and the liquidity of the markets in which they operate. Banks are
also encouraged to make use of stress testing to determine their liquidity needs and the
adequacy of capital.
6. Other risks: Although the other risks, such as reputational and strategic risk, are not
easily measurable, banks are expected to take these into consideration as well while
deciding on the level of capital.
d. Monitoring and reporting
The bank should establish an adequate system for monitoring and reporting risk exposures and
assessing how the banks changing risk profile affects the need for capital. The banks senior
management or board of directors should, on a regular basis, receive reports on the banks risk
profile and capital needs. These reports should allow senior management to:
Evaluate the level and trend of material risks and their effect on capital levels;
Evaluate the sensitivity and reasonableness of key assumptions used in the capital
assessment measurement system;
Determine that the bank holds sufficient capital against the various risks and is in
compliance with established capital adequacy goals; and
Assess its future capital requirements based on the banks reported risk profile and make
necessary adjustments to the banks strategic plan accordingly.
e. Internal control review
The banks internal control structure is essential to a sound capital assessment process.
Effective control of the capital assessment process includes an independent review and, where
appropriate, the involvement of internal or external audits. The banks board of directors has a
responsibility to ensure that management establishes a system for assessing the various risks,
develops a system to relate risk to the banks capital level, and establishes a method for

40
 monitoring compliance with internal policies. The board should regularly verify whether its
system of internal controls is adequate to ensure well-ordered and prudent conduct of business.
The bank should conduct periodic reviews of its risk management process to ensure its
integrity, accuracy, and reasonableness. Key areas that should be reviewed include:
Appropriateness of the banks capital assessment process given the nature, scope and
complexity of its activities;
Identification of large exposures and risk concentrations;
Accuracy and completeness of data inputs into the banks assessment process;
Reasonableness and validity of scenarios used in the assessment process; and
Stress testing and analysis of assumptions and inputs.

6.3 SUPERVISORY REVIEW:

Nepal Rastra Bank shall regularly review the process by which a bank assesses its capital adequacy,
risk positions, resulting capital levels, and quality of capital held by a bank. Supervisors shall also
evaluate the degree to which a bank has in place a sound internal process to assess capital adequacy.
The emphasis of the review should be on the quality of the banks risk management and controls and
should not result in supervisors functioning as bank management. The periodic review can involve
any or a combination of:
On-site examinations or inspections;
Off-site review;
Discussions with bank management;
Review of work done by external auditors (provided it is adequately focused on the necessary
capital issues); and
Periodic reporting.
Some of the key areas which will be reviewed during the supervisory review process are discussed
hereunder
a. Review of adequacy of risk assessment
NRB shall assess the degree to which internal targets and processes incorporate the full range
of material risks faced by the bank. Supervisors shall also review the adequacy of risk measures
used in assessing internal capital adequacy and the extent to which these risk measures are also
used operationally in setting limits, evaluating business line performance, and evaluating and
controlling risks more generally. Supervisors shall consider the results of sensitivity analyses
and stress tests conducted by the institution and how these results relate to capital plans.
b. Assessment of capital adequacy
NRB shall review the banks processes to determine that:
Target levels of capital chosen are comprehensive and relevant to the current operating
environment;
These levels are properly monitored and reviewed by senior management; and
The composition of capital is appropriate for the nature and scale of the banks business.
NRB shall also consider the extent to which the bank has provided for unexpected events in
setting its capital levels. This analysis should cover a wide range of external conditions and
scenarios, and the sophistication of techniques and stress tests used should be commensurate
with the banks activities.
c. Assessment of the control environment
NRB shall consider the quality of the banks management information reporting and systems,
the manner in which business risks and activities are aggregated, and managements record in

41
 responding to emerging or changing risks. In all instances, the capital level at an individual
bank should be determined according to the banks risk profile and adequacy of its risk
management process and internal controls. External factors such as business cycle effects and
the macroeconomic environment should also be considered.
d. Supervisory review of compliance with minimum standards
In order to obtain relief as per this framework banks are required to observe a number of
requirements, including risk management standards and disclosures. In particular, banks will be
required to disclose features of their internal methodologies used in calculating minimum
capital requirements. As part of the supervisory review process, supervisors must ensure that
these conditions are being met on an ongoing basis. Likewise, the supervisors must ensure that
qualifying criteria as specified in the framework are continuously being met as these criteria are
developed as benchmarks that are aligned with bank management expectations for effective risk
management and capital allocation.
e. Significance of risk transfer
Securitization or credit sale agreements with recourse may be carried out for purposes other
than credit risk transfer (e.g. funding). Where this is the case, there might still be a limited
transfer of credit risk. However, for an originating bank to achieve reductions in capital
requirements, the risk transfer arising from a securitization or credit sale has to be deemed
significant by the NRB. If the risk transfer is considered to be insufficient or non existent, NRB
can require the application of a higher capital requirement or, alternatively, may deny a bank
from obtaining any capital relief from the securitization or transfer agreements. Therefore, the
capital relief that can be achieved will correspond to the amount of credit risk that is effectively
transferred.
f. Credit Risk Mitigants
In case when the eligibility requirements are not fulfilled, NRB will not consider Credit Risk
Mitigants in allocating capital. Similarly, CRM may give rise to residual risks, which may
render the overall risk reduction less effective. Where, these risks are not adequately controlled
by the bank, NRB may impose additional capital charges or take other appropriate supervisory
actions.
g. Operational risk and Market Risk
The framework prescribes simple approaches for allocating capital for operational and market
risk which may not be directly aligned with the volume and complexity of risk. Thus, the
supervisor shall consider whether the capital requirements generated by the prescribed
approaches gives a consistent picture of the individual bank's risk exposure in comparison with
the peer group and the banking industry at large. Where NRB is convinced such is not the case,
appropriate supervisory response is warranted.
h. Market Discipline
The framework requires banks to disclose various key informations about their business on a
periodic basis. It is imperative that the banks discharge their obligations under the disclosure
requirements in order to be eligible to claim benefits of CRM. In line with the utmost
significance of this requirement, the supervisor shall review the adequacy of the disclosures. As
a part of this process itself, the supervisor shall regularly review the website of the banks and
review the contents of the site. Wherever the review process identifies any shortcomings or
non-compliances, appropriate supervisory response shall be initiated.
6.4 SUPERVISORY RESPONSE:
Nepal Rastra Bank expects banks to operate above the minimum regulatory capital ratios. Wherever,
NRB is not convinced about the risk management practices and the control environment, it has the
authority to require banks to hold capital in excess of the minimum.
a. Supervisory adjustments in risk weighted assets and capital
Having carried out the review process as described above, supervisors should take appropriate
action if they are not satisfied with the results of the banks own risk assessment and capital

42
allocation. In such a scenario, NRB shall be empowered to undertake any or combination of the
following adjustments in the banks risk weighted assets and regulatory capital computations.
1. Shortfall in provisions made by the bank against adversely classified assets shall be
deducted from the Tier 1 capital.
2. The loans and facilities extended to Directors, Employees (other than loans given under
Employee rules), Shareholders holding more than 1% percent shares and related parties
as well as loans, advances and facilities restricted by the prevailing rules and regulations
shall be deducted from Tier 1 capital.
3. In case the bank has provided loans and facilities in excess of its Single Obligor Limits,
10% of all such excess exposures shall be added to the risk weighted exposure for credit
risk.
4. Where the bank has been involved in the sale of credit with recourse facility, 1% of the
contract (sale) value shall be added to the risk weight for credit risk.
5. Where the banks do not have satisfactory Assets Liability Management policies and
practices to effectively manage the market risks, an additional risk weight of 1% of Net
Interest Income of the immediate previous financial year shall be added to the risk weight
for market risk.
6. Where the bank's net liquid asset to total deposit ratio is less than 20%, a risk weight of
1% (as given in the table below) of total deposit, for each percent or portion of percent
shortfall in such ratio, is added to total of the Risk Weighted Exposures.
Net liquid asset to total deposit A risk weight to be added to the Risk Weighted
ratio Exposures
19% - less than 20% 1% of total deposit
18% - less than 19% 2% of total deposit
17% - less than 18% 3% of total deposit
16% - less than 17% 4% of total deposit
15% - less than 16% 5% of total deposit and so on.
For this purpose, liquid assets include cash and bank balances, money at call & short
notice, placement up to 90 days and investment in government securities. Borrowings
repayable up to 90 days is deducted from liquid assets to obtain net liquid assets.
7. Where the banks do not adopt sound practices for the management of operational risk, an
additional capital charge of 2% to 5% of Gross Income of Immediate previous financial
year shall be levied for operational risks.
8. Where the Gross Income determined for computation of capital charge of Operational
Risk for all of the last three years is negative and where the banks themselves have not
addressed the capital charge for operational risk, 5% of the total credit and investments
net of specific provisions shall be the capital charge for operational risk.
New banks who have not completed a year of operation and hence whose gross income
cannot be measured reliably and where the banks themselves have not addressed the
capital charge for operational risk, shall also be required to compute their capital charge
for operational risk vide the same approach as prescribed for banks with negative gross
income. These banks may use the gross income approach from the second year onwards.
But, based on the reasonableness of the so- computed capital charge for Operation Risk,
during the first three years of operation, review process may require additional proportion
of capital charge.
9. During the course of review, where the supervisor is not satisfied with the overall risk
management policies and procedures of the bank, the total risk weighted exposures of the
bank shall be increased up to 5%.
10. In case the bank has not achieved the desired level of disclosure requirements, the total
risk weighted exposures of the bank shall be increased up to 3%.

43
 11. Banks that do not meet the eligibility requirements to claim the benefit under credit risk
mitigation techniques shall not be allowed the benefit of CRM.
b. Corrective Actions for Non-Compliances
1. The failure on part of the banks to meet the provisions of this framework shall be
considered as a violation of the NRB directives and shall attract stipulated actions. The
nature of the enforcement action largely depends on degree of the capital adequacy of the
bank. The trigger points and the prescribed action in case of non-compliance shall be as
per the provisions of Prompt Corrective Action Byelaw 2064 propounded by Nepal
Rastra Bank.

7. DISCLOSURE
7.1 GENERAL:
The purpose of disclosure requirements is to complement the minimum capital requirements and the
review process by developing a set of disclosure requirements which will allow market participants to
assess key pieces of information on the scope of application, capital, risk exposures, risk assessment
processes, and hence the capital adequacy of the bank. It is believed that providing disclosures that
are based on a common framework is an effective means of informing the market about a banks
exposure to those risks and provides a consistent and comprehensive disclosure framework that
enhances comparability. The importance of disclosure is more pronounced in cases of banks that rely
on internal methodologies in assessing capital requirements.

7.2 DISCLOSURE PRINCIPLES:

Banks should have a formal disclosure policy approved by the Board of directors that addresses the
banks approach for determining what disclosures it will make and the internal controls over the
disclosure process. In addition, banks should implement a process for assessing the appropriateness of
their disclosures, including validation and frequency. While deciding on the disclosure policy, the
board should pay due attention to strike a balance between materiality and proprietary and
confidential information.
a. Materiality
Besides the minimum prescribed disclosure requirements, a bank should decide which
additional disclosures are relevant for it based on the materiality concept. Information would be
regarded as material if its omission or misstatement could change or influence the assessment
or decision of a user relying on that information for the purpose of making economic decisions.
b. Proprietary and confidential information
Proprietary information encompasses information (for example on products or systems), that if
shared with competitors would render a banks investment in these products/systems less
valuable, and hence would undermine its competitive position. Information about customers is
often confidential, in that it is provided under the terms of a legal agreement or counterparty
relationship. This has an impact on what banks should reveal in terms of information about
their customer base, as well as details on their internal arrangements, for instance
methodologies used, parameter estimates, data etc. The disclosure requirements set out below
by NRB aims to strike an appropriate balance between the need for meaningful disclosure and
the protection of proprietary and confidential information.
7.3 VALIDATION:
The disclosures of the bank should be subjected to adequate validation. In addition, supplementary
material (such as Managements Discussion and Analysis) that is published should also be subjected
to sufficient scrutiny (e.g. internal control assessments, etc.) to satisfy the validation issue. If material
is not published under a validation regime, for instance in a stand alone report or as a section on a
website, then management should ensure that appropriate verification of the information takes place,
in accordance with the general disclosure principles.

44
7.4 DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS:
Banks should at minimum, disclose the following information at the stipulated time intervals. At the
same time, banks shall be free to disclose any other information they consider important for its
stakeholders as and when they consider necessary, beyond the prescribed requirements.
a. Banks should provide the following disclosures as at the end of each financial year along with
the annual financial statements.
1. Capital structure and capital adequacy
o Tier 1 capital and a breakdown of its components;
o Tier 2 capital and a breakdown of its components;
o Detailed information about the Subordinated Term Debts with information on the
outstanding amount, maturity, amount raised during the year and amount eligible to
be reckoned as capital funds.
o Deductions from capital;
o Total qualifying capital;
o Capital adequacy ratio;
o Summary of the banks internal approach to assess the adequacy of its capital to
support current and future activities, if applicable; and
o Summary of the terms, conditions and main features of all capital instruments,
especially in case of subordinated term debts including hybrid capital instruments.
2. Risk exposures
o Risk weighted exposures for Credit Risk, Market Risk and Operational Risk;
o Risk Weighted Exposures under each of 11 categories of Credit Risk;
o Total risk weighted exposure calculation table;
o Amount of NPAs (both Gross and Net)
Restructure/Reschedule Loan
Substandard Loan
Doubtful Loan
Loss Loan
o NPA ratios
Gross NPA to gross advances
Net NPA to net advances
o Movement of Non Performing Assets
o Write off of Loans and Interest Suspense
o Movements in Loan Loss Provisions and Interest Suspense
o Details of additional Loan Loss Provisions
o Segregation of investment portfolio into Held for trading, Held to maturity and
Available for sale category
3. Risk Management Function
o For each separate risk area (Credit, Market and Operational risk), banks must
describe their risk management objectives and policies, including:
Strategies and processes;
The structure and organization of the relevant risk management function;
The scope and nature of risk reporting and/or measurement systems; and

45
 Policies for hedging and/or mitigating risk and strategies, and processes for
monitoring the continuing effectiveness of hedges/mitigants.
o Types of eligible credit risk mitigants used and the benefits availed under CRM.
b. All commercial banks should make following disclosures on a quarterly basis on their
respective websites.
o Tier 1 capital and a breakdown of its components;
o Tier 2 capital and a breakdown of its components;
o Detailed information about the Subordinated Term Debts with information on the
outstanding amount, maturity, amount raised during the year and amount eligible to be
reckoned as capital funds.
o Deductions from capital;
o Total qualifying capital;
o Capital adequacy ratio;
o Risk weighted exposures for Credit Risk, Market Risk and Operational Risk;
o Risk Weighted Exposures under each of 11 categories of Credit Risk;
o Total risk weighted exposure calculation table;
o Amount of NPAs (both Gross and Net)
Restructure/Reschedule Loan
Substandard Loan
Doubtful Loan
Loss Loan
o NPA ratios
Gross NPA to gross advances
Net NPA to net advances
o Movement of Non Performing Assets
o Write off of Loans and Interest Suspense
o Movements in Loan Loss Provisions and Interest Suspense
o Details of Additional Loan Loss Provisions
o Segregation of investment portfolio into Held for trading, Held to maturity and Available
for sale category
o Summary of the banks internal approach to assess the adequacy of its capital to support
current and future activities, if applicable; and
o Summary of the terms, conditions and main features of all capital instruments, especially in
case of subordinated term debts including hybrid capital instruments.
c. Disclosure requirements under this framework should also be published in the respective
websites of the banks. Such disclosures of the banks should also be updated to reflect the
capital adequacy position of the banks after the supervisory adjustments under the review
process. Banks that do not host a website yet are required to make the necessary arrangements
to host a website immediately.
d. Banks are required to report to NRB their capital adequacy computations, according to the
format as specified in Annexure of this framework on a monthly basis within one month after
the end of the month or as required by NRB from time to time. All such returns has to be
validated by the internal auditor of the bank. If the monthly internal audit couldnot be carried
out, it should be disclosed on the monthly returns. But, such returns at the end of the quarter
must be submitted with the validation from the internal auditor of the bank.

46
 Besides the returns specified above, a bank must inform NRB within 30 days of:
1. Any breach of the minimum capital adequacy requirements set out in this framework
together with an explanation of the reasons for the breach and the remedial measures it has
taken to address those breaches.
2. Any concerns it has about its capital adequacy, along with proposed measures to address
these concerns.
e. Full compliance of these disclosure requirements is a pre-requisite before banks can obtain any
capital relief (i.e., adjustments in the risk weights of collateralized or guaranteed exposures) in
respect of any credit risk mitigation techniques.

47
 FORM NO. 1 CAPITAL ADEQUACY TABLE (Summary)
(Rs.In ..)
Particulars Current Period Previous Period
Common Equity Tier 1 Capital
Tier 1 Capital
Tier 2 Capital
Total Capital
Risk-Weighted Exposures

Regulatory Ratios Current Period Previous Period

Leverage Ratio
Common Equity Tier 1 to Risk Weighted Exposure Ratio
Tier 1 to Risk Weighted Exposure Ratio
Total Capital to Risk Weighted Exposure Ratio

FORM NO. 1A CAPITAL ADEQUACY TABLE

(Rs.In ..)
1. 1 Risk Weighted Exposures Current Period Previous Period
a Risk Weighted Exposure for Credit Risk
b Risk Weighted Exposure for Operational Risk
c Risk Weighted Exposure for Market Risk
Adjustments under Pillar II
Add: 3% of the total RWE due to non compliance to Disclosure
Requirement (6.4 a 10)
Add: .% of the total deposit due to insufficient Liquid
Assets(6.4 a 6)
Total Risk Weighted Exposures (After Bank's adjustments of Pillar II)
1.2 CAPITAL Current Period Previous Period
Tier 1 Capital (Core Capital) (CET1 +AT1) 0 0
Common Equity Tier 1 (CET 1) 0 0
a Paid up Equity Share Capital
b Equity Share Premium
c Proposed Bonus Equity Shares
d Statutory General Reserves
e Retained Earnings
f Un-audited current year cumulative profit/(Loss)
g Capital Redemption Reserve
h Capital Adjustment Reserve
i Dividend Equalization Reserves
j Other Free Reserve
k Less: Goodwill
l Less: Intangible Assets
m Less: Deferred Tax Assets
n Less: Fictitious Assets
o Less: Investment in equity in licensed Financial Institutions
p Less: Investment in equity of institutions with financial interests
q Less: Investment in equity of institutions in excess of limits
r Less: Investments arising out of underwriting commitments
s Less: Reciprocal crossholdings
t Less: Purchase of land & building in excess of limit &

48
 unutilized
u Less: Cash Flow Hedge
v Less: Defined Benefit Pension Assets
w Less: Un recognized Defined Benefit Pension Liabilities
x Less: Other Deductions
Adjustments under Pillar II
Less: Shortfall in Provision (6.4 a 1)
Less: Loans and Facilities extended to Related Parties and
Restricted lending (6.4 a 2)
Additional Tier 1 (AT1)
a Perpetual Non Cumulative Preference Share Capital
b Perpetual Debt Instruments
c Stock Premium
Supplementary Capital (Tier II) 0 0
a Cumulative and/or Redeemable Preference Share
b Subordinated Term Debt
c Hybrid Capital Instruments
d Stock Premium
e General loan loss provision
f Exchange Equalization Reserve
g Investment Adjustment Reserve
h Assets Revaluation Reserve
i Other Reserves
Total Capital Fund (Tier I and Tier II) 0 0
1.3 CAPITAL ADEQUACY RATIOS Current Period Previous Period
Common Equity Tier 1 Capital to Total Risk Weighted Exposures
(After Bank's adjustments of Pillar II)
Tier 1 Capital to Total Risk Weighted Exposures (After Bank's
adjustments of Pillar II)
Tier 1 and Tier 2 Capital to Total Risk Weighted Exposures(After
Bank's adjustments of Pillar II)

FORM NO. 2: RISK WEIGHTED EXPOSURE FOR CREDIT RISK

(Rs.In ..)
Risk
Book Specific Eligible Risk
Net Value Weighted
A. Balance Sheet Exposures Value Provision CRM Weight
Exposures
a b c d=a-b-c e f=d*e
Cash Balance 0 0 0 0% 0
Balance With Nepal Rastra Bank 0 0 0 0% 0
Gold 0 0 0 0% 0
Investment in Nepalese Government
0 0 0 0% 0
Securities
All Claims on Government of Nepal 0 0 0 0% 0
Investment in Nepal Rastra Bank securities 0 0 0 0% 0
All claims on Nepal Rastra Bank 0 0 0 0% 0
Claims on Foreign Government and Central
0 0 0 0% 0
Bank (ECA 0-1)
Claims on Foreign Government and Central
0 0 0 0 20% 0
Bank (ECA -2)
Claims on Foreign Government and Central
0 0 0 0 50% 0
Bank (ECA -3)

49
Claims on Foreign Government and Central
0 0 0 0 100% 0
Bank (ECA-4-6)
Claims on Foreign Government and Central
0 0 0 0 150% 0
Bank (ECA -7)
Claims On BIS, IMF, ECB, EC and on
Multilateral Development Banks (MDB's) 0 0 0 0% 0
recognized by the framework
Claims on Other Multilateral Development
0 0 0 0 100% 0
Banks
Claims on Public Sector Entity (ECA 0-1) 0 0 0 0 20% 0
Claims on Public Sector Entity (ECA 2) 0 0 0 0 50% 0
Claims on Public Sector Entity (ECA 3-6) 0 0 0 0 100% 0
Claims on Public Sector Entity (ECA 7) 0 0 0 0 150% 0
Claims on domestic banks that meet capital
0 0 0 0 20% 0
adequacy requirements
Claims on domestic banks that do not meet
0 0 0 0 100% 0
capital adequacy requirements
Claims on foreign bank (ECA Rating 0-1) 0 0 0 0 20% 0
Claims on foreign bank (ECA Rating 2) 0 0 0 0 50% 0
Claims on foreign bank (ECA Rating 3-6) 0 0 0 0 100% 0
Claims on foreign bank (ECA Rating 7) 0 0 0 0 150% 0
Claims on foreign bank incorporated in
SAARC region operating with a buffer of 0 0 0 0 20% 0
1% above their respective regulatory capital
requirement
Claims on Domestic Corporates 0 0 0 0 100% 0
Claims on Foreign Corporates (ECA 0-1) 0 0 0 0 20% 0
Claims on Foreign Corporates (ECA 2) 0 0 0 0 50% 0
Claims on Foreign Corporates (ECA 3-6) 0 0 0 0 100% 0
Claims on Foreign Corporates (ECA 7) 0 0 0 0 150% 0
Regulatory Retail Portfolio (Not Overdue) 0 0 0 0 75% 0
Claims fulfilling all criterion of regulatory
0 0 0 0 100% 0
retail except granularity
Claims secured by residential properties 0 0 0 0 60% 0
Claims not fully secured by residential 0 0 0 0 150% 0
properties
Claims secured by residential properties
0 0 0 0 100% 0
(Overdue)
Claims secured by Commercial real estate 0 0 0 0 100% 0
Past due claims (except for claim secured by
0 0 0 0 150% 0
residential properties)
High Risk claims 0 0 0 0 150% 0
Investments in equity and other capital
instruments of institutions listed in the stock 0 0 0 0 100% 0
exchange
Investments in equity and other capital
instruments of institutions not listed in the 0 0 0 0 150% 0
stock exchange
Staff loan secured by residential property 0 0 0 0 60% 0
Interest Receivable/claim on government
0 0 0 0 0% 0
securities
Cash in transit and other cash items in the
0 0 0 0 20% 0
process of collection
Other Assets (as per attachment) 0 0 0 0 100% 0
TOTAL 0 0 0 0 0

50
 Gross Risk
Specific Eligible Risk
Book Net Value Weighted
B. Off Balance Sheet Exposures Provision CRM Weight
Value Exposures
a b c d=a-b-c e f=d*e
Revocable Commitments 0 0 0 0% 0
Bills Under Collection 0 0 0 0% 0
Forward Exchange Contract Liabilities 0 0 0 0 10% 0
LC Commitments With Original Maturity
Upto 6 months 0 0 0 0 20% 0
domestic counterparty
foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 0-1) 0 0 0 0 20% 0
foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 2) 0 0 0 0 50% 0
foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 3-6) 0 0 0 0 100% 0
foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 7) 0 0 0 0 150% 0
LC Commitments With Original Maturity
Over 6 months 0 0 0 0 50% 0
domestic counterparty
foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 0-1) 0 0 0 0 20% 0
foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 2) 0 0 0 0 50% 0
foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 3-6) 0 0 0 0 100% 0
foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 7) 0 0 0 0 150% 0
Bid Bond, Performance Bond and Counter
guarantee 0 0 0 0 50% 0
domestic counterparty
foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 0-1) 0 0 0 0 20% 0
foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 2) 0 0 0 0 50% 0
foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 3-6) 0 0 0 0 100% 0
foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 7) 0 0 0 0 150% 0
Underwriting commitments 0 0 0 0 50% 0
Lending of Bank's Securities or Posting of
0 0 0 0 100% 0
Securities as collateral
Repurchase Agreements, Assets sale with
0 0 0 0 100% 0
recourse
Advance Payment Guarantee 0 0 0 0 100% 0
Financial Guarantee 0 0 0 0 100% 0
Acceptances and Endorsements 0 0 0 0 100% 0
Unpaid portion of Partly paid shares and
0 0 0 0 100% 0
Securities
Irrevocable Credit commitments (short term) 0 0 0 0 20% 0
Irrevocable Credit commitments (long term) 0 0 0 0 50% 0
Claims on foreign bank incorporated in
SAARC region operating with a buffer of
0 0 0 0 20% 0
1% above their respective regulatory capital
requirement
Other Contingent Liabilities 0 0 0 0 100% 0
Unpaid Guarantee Claims 0 0 0 0 200% 0
TOTAL 0 0 0 0 0
Total RWE for credit Risk Before
0 0 0 0 0
Adjustment (A) +(B)
Adjustments under Pillar II
Add: 10% of the loan and facilities in excess
0
of Single Obligor Limits(6.4 a 3)
Add: 1% of the contract(sale) value in case
of the sale of credit with recourse (6.4 a
4)

51
 Total RWE for credit Risk (After Bank's
adjustments of Pillar II)

FORM NO.3 ELIGIBLE CREDIT RISK MITIGANTS

Credit exposures Deposits Deposits Gold Govt. G'tee Sec/ G'tee of G'tee Sec/ Total
with Bank with & of G'tee of domest of G'tee of
other NRB Govt. Other ic MD Foreign
banks/FI Securit of Soverei banks Bs Banks
ies Nepal gns
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i)
Balance Sheet Exposures
Claims on Foreign government and
Central Bank (ECA -2) 0
Claims on Foreign government and
Central Bank (ECA -3) 0
Claims on Foreign government and
Central Bank (ECA-4-6) 0
Claims on Foreign government and
Central Bank (ECA -7) 0
Claims on Other Multilateral Development
Banks 0
Claims on Public Sector Entity (ECA 0-1) 0
Claims on Public Sector Entity (ECA 2) 0
Claims on Public Sector Entity (ECA 3-6) 0
Claims on Public Sector Entity (ECA 7) 0
Claims on domestic banks that meet
capital adequacy requirements 0
Claims on domestic banks that do not meet
capital adequacy requirements 0
Claims on foreign bank (ECA Rating 0-1) 0
Claims on foreign bank (ECA Rating 2) 0
Claims on foreign bank (ECA Rating 3-6) 0
Claims on foreign bank (ECA Rating 7) 0
Claims on foreign bank incorporated in
SAARC region operating with a buffer of
1% above their respective regulatory
capital requirement
Claims on Domestic Corporates 0
Claims on Foreign Corporates (ECA 0-1) 0
Claims on Foreign Corporates (ECA 2) 0
Claims on Foreign Corporates (ECA 3-6) 0
Claims on Foreign Corporates (ECA 7) 0
Regulatory Retail Portfolio (Not Overdue) 0
Claims fulfilling all criterion of regulatory 0
retail except granularity
Claims secured by residential properties 0
Claims not fully secured by residential 0
properties
Claims secured by residential properties 0
(Overdue)
Claims secured by Commercial real estate 0
Past due claims (except for claim secured 0
by residential properties)
High Risk claims 0
Investments in equity and other capital 0
instruments of institutions listed in the

52
Credit exposures Deposits Deposits Gold Govt. G'tee Sec/ G'tee of G'tee Sec/ Total
with Bank with & of G'tee of domest of G'tee of
other NRB Govt. Other ic MD Foreign
banks/FI Securit of Soverei banks Bs Banks
ies Nepal gns
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i)
stock exchange
Investments in equity and other capital 0
instruments of institutions not listed in the
stock exchange
Other Assets (as per attachment)
Total 0
Off Balance Sheet Exposures
Forward Exchange Contract Liabilities
LC Commitments With Original Maturity 0
Upto 6 months
domestic counterparty
foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 0- 0
1)
foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 2) 0
foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 3-6) 0
foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 7) 0
LC Commitments With Original Maturity 0
Over 6 months
domestic counterparty
foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 0-1) 0
foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 2) 0
foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 3-6) 0
foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 7) 0
Bid Bond, Performance Bond and Counter 0
guarantee
domestic counterparty
foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 0-1) 0
foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 2) 0
foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 3-6) 0
foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 7) 0
Underwriting commitments 0
Lending of Bank's Securities or Posting of 0
Securities as collateral
Repurchase Agreements, Assets sale with 0
recourse
Advance Payment Guarantee 0
Financial Guarantee 0
Acceptances and Endorsements 0
Unpaid portion of Partly paid shares and 0
Securities
Irrevocable Credit commitments (Short 0
Term)
Irrevocable Credit commitments (Long
Term)
Other Contingent Liabilities 0
Total
Grand Total

53
FORM NO.4 EXHIBIT OF CLAIMS WITH CREDIT RISK MITIGANTS
(Rs.In .)
S.N Counterparty Categor Facility Outstandin Eligible CRM
. y g Nature Gross Haircut Net
Amount Amount

FORM NO.5 OTHER ASSETS

S.No. Assets Gross Amount Specific Net
Provision Balance
1 Cash and Cash Items in Transit 0
2 Miscellaneous Expenditure not written off 0
3 Fixed Assets 0
4 Interest Receivable on Other Investment 0
5 Interest Receivable on Loan 0
6 Non Banking Assets 0
7 Reconciliation Account 0
8 Draft Paid Without Notice 0
9 Sundry Debtors 0
10 Advance payment and Deposits 0
11 Staff Loan and Advance 0
12 Stationery 0
13 Other 0
TOTAL 0 0 0

FORM NO. 6: RISK WEIGHTED EXPOSURE FOR OPERATIONAL RISK

Particulars FY ...... FY ...... FY ......
Net Interest Income
Commission and Discount Income
Other Operating Income
Exchange Fluctuation Income
Addition/Deduction in Interest Suspense during the period
Gross income (a)
Alfa (b) 15% 15% 15%
Fixed Percentage of Gross Income [c=(ab)]
Capital Requirement for operational risk (d) (average of c)
Risk Weight (reciprocal of capital requirement of 10%) in times
(e) 10
Equivalent Risk Weight Exposure [f=(de)]
PILLAR-II ADJUSTMENTS
If Gross Income for all the last three years is negative(6.4 a 8)
Total Credit and Investment (net of Specific Provision)
Capital Requirement for operational risk (5%)
Risk Weight (reciprocal of capital requirement of 10%) in times 10
Equivalent Risk Weight Exposure [g]
Equivalent Risk Weight Exposure [h=f or g)

54
 FORM NO.7 RISK WEIGHTED EXPOSURE FOR MARKET RISK
S.No. Currency Open Position (FCY) Open Position (NPR) Relevant Open Position

1 INR
2 USD
3 GBP
4 EURO
5 THB
6 CHF
7 ......
8 .......
9 .......
Total Open Position (a)
Fixed Percentage (b) 5%
Capital Charge for Market Risk [c=(ab)]
Risk Weight (reciprocal of capital requirement of 10%) in times (d)
Equivalent Risk Weight Exposure [e=(cd)]

FORM NO. 8 NET LIQUID ASSETS TO TOTAL DEPOSIT RATIO

(Rs. In ..)
Particulars Amount
Total Deposit and Borrowing (A)
Total Deposit(as per NRB Ni.Fa. 9.1)
Total Borrowing(as per NRB Ni.Fa. 9.1)
Liquid Assets (B)
Cash(9.1)
Bank Balance(9.1)
Money at call and short notice (9.1)
Investment in government Securities(9.1)
Placement upto 90 days
Borrowings payable upto 90 days ( C )
Net Liquid Assets (D)=(B-C)

Net Liquid Assets to Total Deposit

Shortfall in Ratio
Amount to be added to Risk Weighted Exposures

55
 FORM NO.: 9 Leverage Ratio

(Rs.In ..)
Particulars Amount
A Exposure Measure -
1. On balance sheet Assets(net of specific provisioning)
2. Repurchase agreements and securities finance
3. Derivatives
4. Off balance sheet exposure
B Capital Measure -

1. Common Equity Tier 1 Capital (After regulatory Adjustment)

2. Additional Tier 1 Capital
%
C Leverage Ratio
Note (if any):

56
 cg';"rL g+= !=@
Capital Adequacy Framework
2007
(Updated July 2008)

1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND:
Prior to 1988, there was no uniform international regulatory standard for setting bank capital requirements. In
1988, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS)13 developed the Capital Accord, which is known
as Basel I, to align the capital adequacy requirements applicable especially to banks in G-10 countries. Basel I
introduced two key concepts. First, it defined what banks could hold as capital, as well as designating capital as
Tier 1 or Tier 2 according to its loss-absorbing or creditor-protecting characteristics. The second key concept
introduced in Basel I was that capital should be held by banks in relation to the risks that they face. The major
risks faced by banks relate to the assets held on balance sheet. Thus, Basel I calculated banks minimum capital
requirements as a percentage of assets, which are adjusted in accordance to their riskiness and assigning risk
weights to assets. Higher weights are assigned to riskier assets such as corporate loans, and lower weights are
assigned to less risky assets, such as exposures to government.
The BCBS released the "International Convergence of Capital Measurements and Capital Standards: Revised
Framework", popularly known as Basel II, on June 26, 2004. This framework was updated in November 2005
and a comprehensive version of the framework was issued in June 2006. Basel II builds significantly on Basel I
by increasing the sensitivity of capital to key bank risks. In addition, Basel II recognizes that banks can face a
multitude of risks, ranging from the traditional risks associated with financial intermediation to the day-to-day
risks of operating a business as well as the risks associated with the ups and downs of the local and international
economies. As a result, the new framework more explicitly associates capital requirements with the particular
categories of major risks that banks face.
The new capital framework also recognizes that large, usually internationally active banks have already put in
place sophisticated approaches to risk measurement and management based on statistical inference rather than
judgement alone. Thus, the framework allows banks, under certain conditions, to use their own internal
models and techniques to measure the key risks that they face, the probability of loss, and the capital required to
meet those losses. In developing the new framework, the Basel Committee wanted to incorporate many
elements that help promote a sound and efficient financial system over and above the setting of minimum
capital requirements. With this in mind, the Basel II framework incorporates three complementary pillars that
draw on the range of approaches to help ensure that banks are adequately capitalised in commensurate with
their risk profile.
The Basel Committees on Banking Supervision's (BCBS) recommendations on capital accord are important
guiding framework for the regulatory capital requirement to the banking industry all over the world and Nepal
is no exception. Realizing the significance of capital for ensuring the safety and soundness of the banks and the
banking system, at large, Nepal Rastra Bank (NRB) has developed and enforced capital adequacy requirement
based on international practices with appropriate level of customization based on domestic state of market
developments. The existing regulatory capital is largely based on the Basel committee's 1988 recommendations.
With a view of adopting the international best practices, NRB has already expressed its intention to adopt the
Basel II framework, albeit in a simplified form. In line with the international development and thorough
discussion with the stakeholders, evaluation and assessment of impact studies at various phases, this framework
has been drafted. This framework provides the guidelines for the implementation of Basel II framework in
Nepal. Reminiscent of the International convergence of capital measurements and capital standards, this
framework also builds around three mutually reinforcing pillars, viz. minimum capital requirements,
supervisory review process and disclosure requirements.

13
The Basel Committee on Banking Supervision is a committee of banking supervisory authorities that was established by
the central bank governors of the Group of Ten countries in 1975. It consists of senior representatives of bank supervisory
authorities and central banks from Belgium, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and the United States. It usually meets at the Bank for International Settlements in
Basel, Switzerland where its permanent Secretariat is located.

57
1.2 OBJECTIVE:
The main objective of this framework is to develop safe and sound financial system by way of sufficient amount
of qualitative capital and risk management practices. This framework is intended to ensure that each
commercial banks maintain a level of capital which,
(iv) is adequate to protect its depositors and creditors.
(v) is commensurate with the risk associated activities and profile of the commercial bank.
(vi) promotes public confidence in the banking system.
1.3 PRE-REQUISITES:
The effective implementation of this framework is dependent on various factors. Some such pre-requisites are:
(v) Implementation of Basel Core Principles for effective Banking Supervision
(vi) Adoption of the sound practices for the management of Operational Risk
(vii) Formulation and adoption of comprehensive risk management policy
(viii) Adherence to high degree of corporate governance
1.4 RESPONSIBILITY:
The board of directors of each bank shall be responsible for establishing and maintaining, at all times, an
adequate level of capital. The capital standards herein are the minimum that is acceptable for banks that are
fundamentally sound, well managed, and which have no material financial or operational weaknesses. Thus, the
banks are generally expected to operate above the limits prescribed by this framework.
1.5 SCOPE OF APPLICATION:
This framework shall be applicable to all "B" Class national level financial institutions licensed to conduct
banking business in Nepal under the Bank and Financial Institution Act, 2063.
This capital adequacy framework shall be applicable uniformly to national level all "B" class national level
financial institutions on a stand-alone basis and as well as on a consolidated basis, where the bank is member of
a consolidated banking group. For the purpose of capital adequacy, the consolidated bank means a group of
financial entities, parent or holding company of which a bank is a subsidiary. All banking and other relevant
financial activities (both regulated and unregulated) conducted within a group including a bank shall be
captured through consolidation. Thus, majority owned or controlled financial entities should be fully
consolidated. If any majority owned subsidiaries institutions are not consolidated for capital purposes, all equity
and other regulatory capital investments in those entities attributable to the group will be deducted and the
assets and liabilities, as well as third party capital investments in the subsidiary will be removed from the banks
balance sheet for capital adequacy purposes.
1.6 APPROACHES TO IMPLEMENTATION:
"International Convergence for Capital Measurements and Capital Standards: Revised Framework" alias Basel
II under Pillar 1, provides three distinct approaches for computing capital requirements for credit risk and three
other approaches for computing capital requirements for operational risk. These approaches for credit and
operational risks are based on increasing risk sensitivity and allow banks to select an approach that is most
appropriate to the stage of development of bank's operations.
The product and services offered by the Nepalese Banks are still largely primitive and conventional, in
comparison to other economies. This coupled with the various inherent limitations of our system like the
absence of credit rating agencies makes the advanced approaches like Internal Ratings Based Approach or even
Standardized Approach impractical and unfeasible. Thus, at this juncture, this framework prescribes Simplified
Standardized Approach (SSA) to measure credit risk while Basic Indicator Approach and an indigenous Net
Open Position Approach for measurement of Operational Risk and Market Risk respectively.
1.7 EFFECTIVE DATE:
All financial institutions within the scope of this framework should adopt the prescribed approaches by Mid
July 2016 (Fiscal Year 2073/074).
1.8 PARALLEL RUN:
In order to ensure a smooth transition to new approach prescribed by this framework, a parallel run was
arranged for all "B" Class national level financial institutions after Mid-July 2010 i.e. from fiscal year 2067/68
along with the existing framework. The returns submitted by the banks during this period was minutely
reviewed to identify any anomalies. The identified shortcoming on the returns was advised to the bank
management so that they could be rectified before we move onto full fledged implementation. Based on the

58
 findings of the parallel run, amendments and modifications have been incorporated in the framework wherever
deemed necessary.
1.9 IMPLEMENTATION OF ADVANCED APPROACHES:
This framework prescribes the most simplest of the available approaches at the initial phase with a vision to
move onto more complex and risk sensitive approaches as the market gradually gains maturity. However,
banks willing to adopt advanced approaches, even for internal purposes, should obtain prior written approval
from Nepal Rastra Bank on providing evidences that they have the resource and the capability to adopt the
proposed approaches.
A bank will not be allowed to choose to revert to a simpler approach once it has been approved for a more
advanced approach without supervisory approval. However, if a supervisor determines that a bank using a more
advanced approach no longer meets the qualifying criteria for advanced approach, it may allow the bank to
revert to a simpler approach for some or all of its operations, until it meets the conditions specified by the
supervisor for returning to a more advanced approach.
2. ELIGIBLE CAPITAL FUNDS
2.1 DEFINITION OF CAPITAL:
Qualifying capital consists of Tier 1 (core) capital and Tier 2 (supplementary) capital elements, net of required
deductions from capital. Thus, for the purpose of calculation of regulatory capital, banks are required to classify
their capital into two parts as follows;
a Core Capital (Tier 1)
The key element of capital on which the main emphasis should be placed is the Tier 1 (core) capital,
which comprises of equity capital and disclosed reserves. This key element of capital is the basis on
which most market judgments of capital adequacy are made; and it has a crucial bearing on profit
margins and a bank's ability to compete.
The BCBS has therefore concluded that capital, for supervisory purposes, should be defined in two tiers
in a way, which will have the effect of requiring at least 50% of a bank's capital base to consist of a core
element comprised of equity capital and published reserves from post-tax retained earnings.
In order to rank as Tier 1, capital must be fully paid up, have no fixed servicing or dividend costs attached
to it and be freely available to absorb losses ahead of general creditors. Capital also needs to have a very
high degree of permanence if it is to be treated as Tier 1.
b. Supplementary Capital (Tier 2)
The Supplementary (Tier 2) Capital includes reserves which, though unpublished, have been passed
through the profit and loss account and all other capital instruments eligible and acceptable for capital
purposes. Elements of the Tier 2 capital will be reckoned as capital funds up to a maximum of 100 percent
of Tier 1 capital arrived at, after making adjustments referred to in 2.4. In case, where the Tier 1 capital of
a bank is negative, the Tier 2 capital for regulatory purposes shall be considered as zero and hence the
capital fund, in such cases, shall be equal to the core capital.
2.2 ELEMENTS OF TIER 1 CAPITAL:
a. Paid up Equity Capital.
b. Irredeemable non-cumulative preference shares which are fully paid-up and with the capacity to absorb
unexpected losses. These instruments should not contain any clauses whatsoever, which permit
redemption by the holder or issuer upon fulfillment of certain condition. Banks should obtain prior
approval of NRB for this kind of instruments to qualify as a component of core capital.
c. Share Premium
d. Proposed Bonus Equity Share
e. Statutory General Reserve.
f. Retained Earnings available for distribution to shareholders.
g. Un-audited current year cumulative profit, after all provisions including staff bonus and taxes. Where
such provisions are not made, this amount shall not qualify as Tier 1 capital.
h. Capital Redemption Reserves created in lieu of redeemable instruments.
i. Capital Adjustment reserves created in respect of increasing the capital base of the bank.
j. Dividend Equalization Reserves.
k. Any other type of reserves notified by NRB from time to time for inclusion in Tier 1 capital
2.3 ELEMENTS OF TIER 2 CAPITAL:
a. Cumulative and/or redeemable preference shares with maturity of five years and above.

59
 b. Subordinated term debt fully paid up with a maturity of more than 5 years; unsecured and subordinated to
the claim of other creditors, free of restrictive clauses and not redeemable before maturity. Since,
subordinated term debt is not normally available to participate in the losses; the amount eligible for
inclusion in the capital adequacy calculations is limited to 50% of core capital. Moreover, to reflect the
diminishing value of these instruments as a continuing source of strength, a cumulative discount
(amortization) factor of 20% per annum shall be applied for capital adequacy computations, during the
last 5 years to maturity.
c. Hybrid capital instruments. Those instruments which combine certain characteristics of debt and certain
characteristics of equity. Each such instrument has a particular feature, which can be considered to affect
its quality as capital. Where these instruments have close similarities to equity, in particular when they
are able to support losses on an ongoing basis without triggering liquidation, they may be included in
Tier 2 capital with approval from Nepal Rastra Bank.
d. General loan loss provision limited to a maximum of 1.25% of total Risk Weighted Exposures. General
loan loss provision refers to the provisions created in respect of Performing Loans only and it does not
include provisions of rescheduled/restructured and classified loans. The additional loan loss provisions
created in respect of Personal Guarantee loans, third party collateral loan and loans in excess of Single
Obligor Limits are specific provisions and hence cannot be included under this category. Such provisions
however can be deducted from the gross exposures while calculating risk weighted exposures for credit
risk.
However, provisions created in excess of the regulatory requirements or provisions which is not
attributable to identifiable losses in any specific loans shall be allowed to be included in the General
Loan Loss Provision and shall be eligible for Tier II capital subject to a maximum of 1.25% of total risk
weighted exposures.
e. Exchange equalization reserves created by banks as a cushion for unexpected losses arising out of
adverse movements in foreign currencies.
f. Investment adjustment reserves created as a cushion for adverse price movements in bank's investments
falling under Available for Sale category.
g. Revaluation reserves often serve as a cushion against unexpected losses but may not be fully available to
absorb unexpected losses due to the subsequent deterioration in market values and tax consequences of
revaluation. Therefore, revaluation reserves will be eligible up to 50% for treatment as Tier 2 capital and
limited to a maximum of 2% of total Tier 2 capital subject to the condition that the reasonableness of the
revalued amount is duly certified by the internal auditor of the bank.
h. Any other type of reserves notified by NRB from time to time for inclusion in Tier 2 capital
2.4 DEDUCTIONS FROM CORE (TIER 1) CAPITAL:
Banks shall be required to deduct the following from the Tier 1 capital for capital adequacy purposes. The
claims that have been deducted from core capital shall be exempt from risk weights for the measurement of
credit risk.
l. Book value of goodwill.
m. Deferred Tax Assets
n. Miscellaneous expenditure to the extent not written off. e.g. VRS expense, preliminary expense, share
issue expense, deferred revenue expenditure, etc. However, software expenditure or software
development expenditure, research and development expenditure, patents, copyrights, trademarks and
lease hold developments booked as deferred revenue expenditure are subject to 100% risk weight and
may not be deducted from Tier 1 capital.
o. Investment in equity of financial institutions licensed by Nepal Rastra Bank 14.
p. All Investments in equity of institutions with financial interest.
q. Investments in equity of institutions in excess of the prescribed limits.
r. Investments arising out of underwriting commitments that have not been disposed within a year from the
date of commitment.
s. Reciprocal crossholdings of bank capital artificially designed to inflate the capital position of the bank.
t. Any other items as stipulated by Nepal Rastra Bank, from time to time.
2.5 CAPITAL FUNDS:
The capital fund is the summation of Tier 1 and Tier 2 capital. The sum total of the different components of the
tier 2 capitals will be limited to the sum total of the various components of the Tier 1 capital net of deductions

14
Investment in shares of Rural Development Banks and other institutions, where the waiver has been explicitly provided by
NRB are subject to risk weight of 100% and shall not be deducted from Tier 1 capital.

60
 as specified in 2.4. In case the Tier 1 capital is negative, Tier 2 capital shall be considered to be "Nil" for
regulatory capital adequacy purposes and hence, in such a situation, the capital fund shall be equal to the Tier 1
capital.
2.6 MINIMUM CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS:
Unless a higher minimum ratio has been set by Nepal Rastra Bank for an individual bank through a review
process, every bank shall maintain at all times, the capital requirement set out below:
a. A Tier 1 (core) capital of not less than 6 per cent of total risk weighted exposure;
b. A total capital fund of not less than 10 per cent of its total risk weighted exposure.
The Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) is calculated by dividing eligible regulatory capital by total risk weighted
exposure. The total risk weighted exposure shall comprise of risk weights calculated in respect of bank's credit,
operational and market risks. The methodologies to calculate RWE for each of these risk categories are
described in detail in subsequent chapters.
3. CREDIT RISK
3.1 GENERAL:
Credit risk is the major risk that banks are exposed to during the normal course of lending and credit
underwriting. Within Basel II, there are two approaches for credit risk measurement: the standardized approach
and the internal ratings based (IRB) approach. Due to various inherent constraints of the Nepalese banking
system, the standardized approach in its simplified form, Simplified Standardized Approach (SSA), has been
prescribed in the initial phase.
3.2 SIMPLIFIED STANDARDIZED APPROACH (SSA):
In comparison to Basel I, SSA aligns regulatory capital requirements more closely with the key elements of
banking risk by introducing a wider differentiation of risk weights and a wider recognition of credit risk
mitigation techniques. The advantage of implementing this approach is twofold. This approach allows
transitional advantage for countries like us by avoiding excessive complexities associated with the advanced
approaches of Basel II while at the same time it will produce capital ratios more in line with the actual
economic risks that banks are facing, compared to the present Accord.
Under this approach commercial banks are required to assign a risk weight to their balance sheet and off-
balance sheet exposures. These risk weights are based on a fixed weight that is broadly aligned with the
likelihood of a counterparty default. As a general rule, the claims that have already been deducted from the core
capital shall be exempt from risk weights for the measurement of credit risk.
Claims on foreign government, their central banks as well as foreign corporates shall be generally risk-weighed
on the basis of the consensus country risk scores of export credit agencies (ECA) 15. Wherever there are claims
relating to unrated countries, they shall generally be risk weighed at 100 percent. However, these claim shall be
subject to supervisory review and higher risk weight shall be assigned where the review process deems
appropriate.
All kinds of claims including loans & advances as well as investments shall be risk weighed net of specific
provisions. Generally provision related to any receivable or investment is not defined as general or specific. In
such situation, the total provision against any claim/exposure (other than the loans and advances) shall be
considered as specific provision. However, provisions eligible for the supplementary capital shall not be
allowed for netting while calculating risk weighted exposures.
In case of loans, advances and bills purchased the provisions created in lieu of Pass loans only are classified as
General loan loss provision. All other provisions are components of specific loan loss provision. Hence, general
loan loss provision doesnt comprise provisions created in respect of rescheduled/restructured and non
performing loans. It also doesnt include additional provisions created for personal guarantee loans or lending in
excess of Single Obligor Limits. However, provisions created in excess of the regulatory requirements and not
attributable to identifiable losses in any specific loans shall be allowed to be included in the General Loan Loss
Provision.
In order to be consistent with the Basel-II framework, the credit risk for the regulatory capital purpose
shall be computed by segregating the exposure in the following 11 categories.
l) Claims on government & central bank
m) Claims on other official entities

15 The consensus country risk classification is available on the OECDs website (http://www.oecd.org) in the Export Credit
Arrangement web page of the Trade Directorate. Each bank while computing the risk weight in any claim should use the updated
risk score.

61
 n) Claims on banks
o) Claims on corporate & securities firms
p) Claims on regulatory retail portfolio
q) Claims secured by residential properties
r) Claims secured by commercial real state
s) Past due claims
t) High risk claims
u) Other assets
v) Off balance sheet items

3.3 RISK MEASUREMENT AND RISK WEIGHTS:

a. Claims on government & central bank
3. All claims on Government of Nepal and Nepal Rastra Bank shall be risk weighed at 0 %.
4. Claims on foreign government and their central banks shall be risk-weighted on the basis of the
consensus country risk scores as follows:
ECA risk scores 0-1 2 3 4 to 6 7
Risk weights 0% 20% 50% 100% 150%
b. Claims on other official entities
1. Claims on the Bank for International Settlements, the International Monetary Fund, the European
Central Bank and the European Community will receive a 0% risk weight.
2. Following Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs) will be eligible for a 0% risk weight.
World Bank Group, comprised of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
(IBRD) and the International Finance Corporation (IFC),
Asian Development Bank (ADB),
African Development Bank (AfDB),
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD),
Inter-American Development Bank (IADB),
European Investment Bank (EIB),
European Investment Fund (EIF),
Nordic Investment Bank (NIB),
Caribean Development Bank (CDB),
Islamic Development Bank (IDB), and
Council of Europe Development Bank (CEDB).
3. The standard risk weight for claims on other Multilateral Development Banks will be 100%.
4. Claims on public sector entities (PSEs)16 will be risk-weighed as per the ECA country risk scores.
ECA risk scores 0-1 2 3 to 6 7
Risk weights 20% 50% 100% 150%
c. Claims on banks
1. All claims, irrespective of currency, excluding investment in equity shares and other instruments
eligible for capital funds, on domestic banks/financial institutions that fulfill Capital Adequacy
Requirements will be risk weighed at 20% while for the rest, it will be 100%.
Banks should make use of the publicly available information of the immediately preceding quarter
of the respective banks to gauge their status on capital adequacy.
2. Claims on a foreign bank excluding investment in equity shares and other instruments eligible for
capital funds shall be risk weighed as per the ECA Country risk score subject to the floor of 20%.
The primary basis for applying the ECA Country Risk score shall be the country of incorporation
of the bank. Where the bank is a branch office, the ECA score of the country where the corporate
office is located shall be used while in the case of a subsidiary the basis shall be the country where
the subsidiary is incorporated.
ECA risk scores 0-1 2 3 to 6 7
Risk weights 20% 50% 100% 150%

16
Public sector entity (PSE) is one, which is owned or controlled by government or any other entity categorized as PSE by NRB.

62
 However, the claims on foreign banks incorporated in the SAARC region and which operate with
a buffer of 1% above their respective regulatory minimum capital requirements may be
risk weighed at 20%. The banks shall be responsible to submit the latest capital adequacy position
of such banks and demonstrate that they fulfill the eligibility requirements. Such capital adequacy
position submitted by the banks should not be prior to more than one financial year. Moreover,
such claims shall be subject to a supervisory review and supervisors may require the bank to risk
weigh the claims on ECA country risk scores where the review process deems necessary.
d. Claims on corporate & securities firms
1. The risk weight for claims on domestic corporates, including claims on insurance companies and
securities firm will be 100%. The domestic corporates includes all firms and companies
incorporated in Nepal as per prevailing Acts and regulations.
2. The claims on foreign corporate shall be risk weighed as per the ECA Country risk score subject
to the floor of 20% as follows:
ECA risk scores 0-1 2 3 to 6 7
Risk weights 20% 50% 100% 150%
e. Claims on regulatory retail portfolio
1. Claims17 that qualify all criteria listed below may be considered as regulatory retail portfolio and
risk weighed at 75%, except for past due loans. Such claims however, have to be in strict
compliance with the Product paper developed by the bank and approved by their respective board
of directors
Criteria:
Orientation criteria :- exposure is to an individual person or persons or to a small business.
Bank should obtain written declaration from the borrower to the effect that their indebtedness
is within the threshold across all banks and FIs..
Product criteria :- The exposure takes the form of any of the following:
Revolving credits and lines of credit, (including overdraft, hypothecation etc.)
Term loans and leases (e.g. hire purchase, auto loans and leases, student and educational
loans18) and,
Small business facilities and commitments,
Deprived sector loans upto a threshold of Rs.10 million (Ten Million only)
Granularity criteria:- NRB must be satisfied that the regulatory retail portfolio is sufficiently
diversified to a degree that reduces the risks in the portfolio, warranting the 75% risk weight.
No aggregate exposure19 to one counterpart can exceed 0.5 % of the overall regulatory retail
portfolio.
Low value individual criteria :- The total aggregated exposure to one counterparty20 cannot
exceed an absolute threshold of Rs.10 million (Nepalese Rupees Ten Million only)
2. Banks which have claims that fulfill all criterion except for granularity may risk weigh those
claims at 100%
f. Claims secured by residential properties
1. Lending to individuals meant for acquiring or developing residential property which are fully
secured by mortgages on residential property, that is or will be occupied by the borrower or that is
rented, will be risk-weighed at 60%. However, banks should ensure the existence of adequate
margin of security over the amount of loan based on strict valuation rules.
Banks have to develop product paper and get it approved from the board of directors to regulate

17
Lending against securities (such as equities and bonds) whether listed or not, are specifically excluded from this category.
Likewise credit card receivables are excluded from this category. However, lending against personal guarantee and fully
backed by guaranteed cash flow such as pension etc. that has negligible risk of failure can be included in this category.
18
Personal finance includes overseas employment loan, home loan (to the extent they do not qualify for treatment as
claims secured by residential property), direct deprived sector loan.
19
Aggregated exposure means gross amount (i.e. not taking any credit risk mitigation into account) of all forms of credit
exposures availed from the bank .
20
Counterparty refers to one or a group of borrowers defined by the NRB directives as a single obligor.

63
 this kind of lending. The claims in order to be eligible for this category have to be in strict
compliance with this product paper
2. Where the loan is not fully secured, such claims have to risk weighed at 150%
3. When claims secured by residential properties are or have been past due 21 at any point of time
during the last two years, they shall be risk-weighed at 100%, net of specific provisions.
g. Claims secured by commercial real estate
1. Claims secured by mortgages on commercial real estate, except past due, shall be risk-weighed at
100%. Commercial real estate hereby refers to mortgage of Office buildings, retail space, multi-
purpose commercial premises, multi-family residential buildings, multi-tenanted commercial
premises, industrial or warehouse space, hotels, land acquisition, development and construction
etc.
h. Past due claims
1. Any loan, except for claim secured by residential property, which is or has been past due at any
point of time during the last two years, will be risk-weighed at 150% net of specific provision.
i. High risk claims
1. 150% risk weight shall be applied for venture capital and private equity investments.
2. Exposures on Personal loan in excess of the threshold of regulatory retail portfolio and lending
against securities (bonds and shares) shall attract a risk weight of 150%. Similarly, exposures on
credit card shall also warrant a risk weight of 150%.
3. Investments in the equity and other capital instruments of institutions, which are not listed in the
stock exchange and have not been deducted from Tier 1 capital, shall be risk weighed at 150% net
of provisions.
4. Investments in the equity and other capital instruments of institutions, which are listed in the stock
exchange and have not been deducted from Tier 1 capital, shall be risk weighed at 100% net of
provisions. Investments in mutual fund shall also be risk weighted at 100%.
5. The claims which are not fully secured or are only backed up by personal guarantee shall attract
150% risk weight.
6. Where loan cannot be segregated/or identified as regulatory retail portfolio or qualifying
residential mortgage loan or under other categories, it shall be risk weighed at 150%.
j. Other assets
1. With regard to other assets, following provisions have been made;
Interest receivable/claim on government securities will be risk-weighed at 0%.
Staff loan given as per Employee By-laws and secured by residential property, that is or will
be occupied by the staff or that is rented, will be risk-weighed at 60%. However, banks should
ensure the existence of adequate margin of security over the amount of loan based on strict
valuation rules.
Investments in equity or regulatory capital instruments issued by securities firms will be risk-
weighed at 100%.
Cash in transit and other cash items in the process of collection will be risk-weighed at 20%.
For this purpose, cash items shall include Cheque, Draft, and Travellers Cheques.
Fictitious assets that have not been deducted from Tier 1 capital shall be risk weighed at
100%.
All Other assets will be risk-weighed at 100% net of specific provision.
k. Off balance sheet items
1. Off-balance sheet items under the simplified standardized approach will be converted into
equivalent risk weight exposure using risk weight as follows:
Off Balance Sheet Exposure Risk
Weight

21
An exposure is past due if it falls into any other category other than Pass loan as per provisions of NRB directive on Loan
classification.

64
 Any commitments those are unconditionally cancelable at any time by the bank without prior notice, or 0%
that effectively provide for automatic cancellation due to deterioration in a borrowers creditworthiness
(for example bills under collection)
Forward exchange contracts. 10%
Short Term Trade-related contingencies 20%
Contingent liabilities arising from trade-related obligations, which are secured against an underlying
shipment of goods for both issuing and confirming bank and are short term in nature. This includes
documentary letters of credit, shipping guarantees issued and any other trade-related contingencies with an
original maturity up to six months.
Undertaking to provide a commitment on an off-balance sheet items 20%
Unsettled22 securities and foreign exchange transactions between bank to bank and between bank and 20%
customer
Long Term Trade-related contingencies 50%
Contingent liabilities arising from trade-related obligations, which are secured against an underlying
shipment of goods for both issuing and confirming bank and are long term in nature. This includes
documentary letters of credit, shipping guarantees issued and any other trade-related contingencies with an
original maturity of over six months. In case the usance letter of credit is discounted, the risk weight shall
be calculated on net basis.
Performance-related contingencies 50%
Contingent liabilities, which involve an irrevocable obligation to pay a third party in the event that
counterparty fails to fulfill or perform a contractual non-monetary obligation, such as delivery of goods by
a specified date etc. This includes issue of performance bonds, bid bonds, warranties, indemnities,
underwriting commitments and standby letters of credit in relation to a non-monetary obligation of
counterparty under a particular transaction.
Long term irrevocable Credit Commitments 50%
Any un-drawn portion of committed credit lines sanctioned for a period of more than 1 year. This shall
include all unutilized limits in respect of revolving working capital loans e.g. overdraft, cash credit,
working capital loan etc. except for trade finance exposures.
Short term irrevocable Credit Commitments 20%
Any un-drawn portion of committed credit lines sanctioned for a period of upto 1 year. This shall include
all unutilized limits in respect of revolving working capital loans e.g. overdraft, cash credit, working
capital loan etc. except for trade finance exposures.
Repurchase agreements, securities lending, securities borrowing, reverse repurchase agreements and 100%
equivalent transactions
This includes sale and repurchase agreements and asset sales with recourse, where the credit risk remains
with the purchasing bank.
Direct credit substitutes 100%
Any irrevocable off-balance sheet obligations which carry the same credit risk as a direct extension of
credit, such as an undertaking to make a payment to a third party in the event that a counterparty fails to
meet a financial obligation or an undertaking to a counterparty to acquire a potential claim on another
party in the event of default by that party, constitutes a direct credit substitute. This includes potential
credit exposures arising from the issue of financial guarantees and credit derivatives, confirmation of
letters of credit (acceptances and endorsements), issue of standby letters of credit serving as financial
guarantees for loans, securities and any other financial liabilities, and bills endorsed under bill
endorsement lines (but which are not accepted by, or have the prior endorsement of, another bank).
Unpaid portion of partly paid shares and securities 100%
Other Contingent Liabilities 100%

3.4 CREDIT RISK MITIGATION:

Banks may use a number of techniques to mitigate the risks to which they are exposed. The prime objective of
this provision is to encourage the banks to manage credit risk in a prudent and effective manner. As such, credit
risks exposures may be collateralized23 in whole or in part with cash or securities, or a loan exposure may be
guaranteed by a third party. Where these various techniques meet the minimum conditions mentioned below,
banks which take eligible financial collateral are allowed to reduce their credit exposure to counterparty when
calculating their capital requirements to take account of the risk mitigating effect of the collateral. However,
credit risk mitigation is allowed only on an account by account basis, even within regulatory retail portfolio.
As a general rule, no secured claim should receive a higher capital requirement than an otherwise identical
claim on which there is no collateral. Similarly, the effects of the CRM shall not be double counted and capital
requirement will be applied to banks on either side of the collateralized transaction: for example, both repos and
reverse repos will be subject to capital requirements.

22
An unsettled transaction is one where delivery of the instrument is due to take place against receipt of cash, but which remain
unsettled five business days after the due settlement date.
23
A collateralized transaction is one in which: a) banks have a credit exposure or potential credit exposure; and b) that credit
exposures or potential credit exposure is hedged in whole or in part by collateral posted by the counter party or by a third party
on behalf of the counter party.

65
Those portions of claims collateralized by the market value of recognized collateral receive the risk weight
applicable to the collateral instrument. The remainder of the claim should be assigned the risk weight
appropriate to the counter party.
Where the same security has been pledged for both the funded and non funded facilities, banks should clearly
demarcate the value of security held for funded and non funded facility. In cases where the bank has obtained
same security for various forms of facilities; banks are eligible to claim the CRM benefit across all such
exposures upto the eligible value of CRM.
a. Minimum conditions for eligibility:
In order to obtain capital relief towards credit risk mitigation, there are certain basic condition that needs
to be fulfilled. Supervisors will monitor the extent to which banks satisfy these conditions, both at the
outset of a collateralized transaction and on an on-going basis.
1. Legal certainty:- Collateral is effective only if the legal mechanism by which collateral is given is
robust and ensures that the lender has clear rights over the collateral to liquidate or retain it in the
event of default. Thus, banks must take all necessary steps to fulfill local contractual requirements
in respect of the enforceability of security interest. The collateral arrangements must be properly
documented, with a clear and robust procedure for the timely liquidation of collateral. A bank's
procedures should ensure that any legal conditions required for declaring the default of the
customer and liquidating the collateral are observed. Where the collateral is held by a custodian,
the bank must seek to ensure that the custodian ensures adequate segregation of the collateral
instruments and the custodian's own assets. Besides that, banks must obtain legal opinions
confirming the enforceability of the collateral arrangements in all relevant jurisdictions.
2. Low correlation with exposure:- In order for collateral to provide protection, the credit quality of
the obligor and the value of the collateral must not have a material positive correlation. For
example, securities issued by the collateral provider - or by any related group entity - would
provide little protection and so would be ineligible.
3. Maturity Mismatch:- The maturity of the underlying exposure and the maturity of the hedge
should both be defined conservatively. The effective maturity of the underlying should be gauged
as the longest possible remaining time before the obligor is scheduled to fulfill its obligation. The
collateral must be pledged for at least the life of the exposure. In case of mismatches in the
maturity of the underlying exposure and the collateral, it shall not be eligible for CRM benefits.
4. Currency Mismatch:- Ideally the currency of the underlying exposure and the collateral should be
the same. Where the credit exposure is denominated in a currency that differs from that in which
the underlying exposure is denominated, there is a currency mismatch. Where mismatches occur,
it shall be subject to supervisory haircut of 10%.
5. Risk Management:- While CRM reduces credit risk, it simultaneously may increase other risks to
which a bank is exposed, such as legal, operational, liquidity and market risks. Therefore, it is
imperative that banks employ robust procedures and processes to control these risks, including
strategy; consideration of the underlying credit; valuation; policies and procedures; systems;
control of roll-off risks; and management of concentration risk arising from the bank's use of CRM
techniques and its effect with the bank's overall credit profile. In case where these requirements
are not fulfilled, NRB may not recognize the benefit of CRM techniques.
6. Qualifying criteria for guarantee:- A guarantee (counter guarantee) to be eligible must represent a
direct claim on the protection provider and must be explicitly referenced to specific exposures or a
pool of exposures, so that the extent of the cover is clearly defined and irrefutable. Other than non-
payment by a protection purchaser of money due in respect of the credit protection contract it must
be irrevocable in that there must be no clause in the contract that would increase the effective cost
of cover as a result of deteriorating credit quality in the hedged exposure. It must also be
unconditional in that there should be no clause in the protection contract outside the control of the
bank that could prevent the protection provider from being obliged to pay out in a timely manner
in the event that the original counter party fails to make the payments due.
On the qualifying default or non-payment of the counter party, the bank may in a timely manner
pursue the guarantor for any monies outstanding under the documentation governing the
transaction. The guarantor may make one lump sum payment of all monies under such
documentation to the bank, or the guarantor may assume the future payment obligations of the
counter party covered by the guarantee. The bank must have the right to receive any such
payments from the guarantor without first having to take legal actions in order to pursue the
counter party payment.

66
 b. Eligible Collaterals:
10. Cash deposit (as well as certificates of deposit or fixed deposits or other deposits) with the bank.
The banks may only claim these as CRM only if it has specific authority to recover the amount
from this source in case of default.
11. Fixed Deposit Receipts/Certificates of deposits/other deposits of other Banks and FIs, who fulfill
the capital adequacy requirements, subject to a 20% supervisory haircut.
12. Gold.
13. Securities issued by the Government of Nepal and Nepal Rastra Bank.
14. Guarantee of the Government of Nepal
15. Financial guarantee/counter guarantee of domestic banks and FIs who meet the minimum capital
adequacy requirements subject to a haircut of 20%.
16. Securities/Financial guarantee/Counter guarantee issued by sovereigns.
17. Securities/Financial guarantee/Counter guarantee issued by MDBs in the list specified in 3.3 b (3
& 4)
18. Securities/Financial guarantee/Counter guarantee issued by banks with ECA rating 2 or better. The
supervisory haircut shall be 20% and 50% for the banks with ECA rating of 0-1 and 2
respectively.
c. Methodology for using CRM
Step 1: Identify the accounts eligible for capital relief under credit risk mitigation.
Step 2: Assess the value of the exposure and the eligible collateral. The value of the eligible collateral is
the lower of the face value of the instrument or the outstanding amount of exposure
Step 3: Adjust the value of the eligible collateral in respect of the supervisory haircut in terms of
currency mismatch and other eligibility requirements.
Step 4: Compare the adjusted value of the collateral with the outstanding exposure.
Step 5: The value of the eligible CRM is the lower of the adjusted value of the collateral and the
outstanding exposure.
Step 6: Plot the eligible CRM in the appropriate category of credit risk.
The sum total of net amount of eligible CRM as per Form No.4 Exhibit of claims with eligible credit
risk mitigants shall be consistent with the Form No.3 Eligible Credit Risk Mitigants prescribed in this
framework.

4. OPERATIONAL RISK
4.1 GENERAL:
Operational risk is the risk of loss resulting from inadequate internal processes, people, and systems, or from
external events. Operational risk itself is not a new concept, and well run banks have been addressing it in their
internal controls and corporate governance structures. However, applying an explicit regulatory capital charge
against operational risk is a relatively new and evolving idea. Basel II requires banks to hold capital against the
risk of unexpected loss that could arise from the failure of operational systems.
The most important types of operational risk involve breakdowns in internal controls and corporate governance.
Such breakdowns can lead to financial losses through error, fraud, or failure to perform in a timely manner or
cause the interests of the bank to be compromised in some other way, for example, by its dealers, lending
officers or other staff exceeding their authority or conducting business in an unethical or risky manner. Other
aspects of operational risk include major failure of information technology systems or events such as major fires
or other disasters.
4.2 BASIC INDICATOR APPROACH:
Under the basic indicator approach, banks must hold capital for operational risk equal to the average over the
previous three years of a fixed percentage (denoted alpha) of positive annual gross income.
The capital charge for operational risk may be expressed as follows:

KBIA = [(GI1..n )]/N

67
 where:
KBIA = capital charge under the Basic Indicator Approach
GI = annual gross income, where positive, over the previous three years
N = number of the previous three years for which gross income is positive
= 15 percent.
NRB shall review the capital requirement produced by this approach for general credibility, especially in
relation to a bank's peers and in the event that credibility is lacking, appropriate supervisory action under
Review Process shall be considered.
Figures for the year, in which annual gross income is negative or zero, should be excluded from both the
numerator and denominator while calculating the average. In case where the gross income for all of the last
three years is negative, 5% of total credit and investments net of specific provisions shall be considered as the
capital charge for operational risk. For this purpose investments shall comprise of money at call, placements,
investment in government securities and other investments irrespective of currency.
Similarly, in case of new banks who have not completed an year of operation and hence whose average gross
income cannot be measured reliably, they shall also be required to compute their capital charge for operational
risk vide the same approach as prescribed for banks with negative gross income. These banks may use the gross
income approach from second year onwards. But, based on the reasonableness of the so computed capital
charge for Operation Risk, during the first three years of operation, review process may require additional
proportion of capital charge if deemed necessary.
4.3 GROSS INCOME:
Gross income is defined as "net Interest Income" plus "non interest income". It is intended that this measure
should:
a. be gross of any provisions (e.g. for unpaid interest) and write-offs made during the year;
b. be gross of operating expenses, exclude reversal during the year in respect of provisions and write-offs
made during the previous year(s);
c. exclude income/gain recognized from the disposal of items of movable and immovable property;
d. exclude realized profits/losses from the sale of securities in the held to maturity category;
e. exclude other extraordinary or irregular items of income and expenditure
Thus, for the purpose of capital adequacy requirements, gross income shall be summation of:
a. Total operating income as disclosed in Profit and Loss account prepared as per NRB directive no.4. The
total operating income comprises of:
1. Net Interest Income
2. Commission and Discount Income
3. Other Operating Income
4. Exchange Fluctuation Income
b. Addition/deduction in the Interest Suspense during the period.
Banks shall use the annual audited financials of the last three years for the computation of gross income under
this approach. Hence, the capital requirement for operational risk for a whole financial year shall remain
constant. Until the accounts are finalized for the financial year, banks shall use the provisional figures for the
period, which should be validated by the internal auditor of the bank.
4.4 COMPUTATION OF RISK WEIGHT:
Operational risk-weighted assets are determined by multiplying the operational risk capital charge by 10 (i.e.,
the reciprocal of the minimum capital ratio of 10%) and adding together with the risk weighted exposures for
credit risk.

5. MARKET RISK
5.1 DEFINITION OF MARKET RISK:
Market risk is defined as the risk of losses in on-balance sheet and off-balance sheet positions arising from
adverse movements in market prices. The major constituents of market risks are:

68
 a. The risks pertaining to interest rate related instruments;
b. Foreign exchange risk (including gold positions) throughout the bank; and
c. The risks pertaining to investment in equities and commodities.

5.2 SEGREGATION OF INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO:

Banks will have to segregate their investment portfolio into any of following three categories:
a. Held for Trading:
An investment that is made for the purpose of generating a profit from short term fluctuations in price
should be classified under this category. An asset should be classified as held for trading even if it is a
part of a portfolio of similar assets for which there is a pattern of trading for the purpose of generating a
profit from short term fluctuations in price. These investments should be marked to market on a daily
basis and differences reflected in the profit and loss account.
b. Held to Maturity:
The investments made with positive intent and ability of the bank to hold till maturity should be
classified as held to maturity investments. The bank does not have the positive intent to hold an
investment to maturity, if any of the following conditions are met:
1. Bank has the intent and the ability to hold the asset for only an undefined period; or
2. Bank stands ready to sell the asset (other than if a situation arises that is non-recurring and could
not have been reasonably anticipated) in response to changes in market interest rates or risks,
liquidity needs, changes in the availability of and the yield on alternative investments, changes in
financing sources and terms, or changes in foreign currency risk.
The held to maturity investments should be valued at amortised cost i.e. the cost price less any
impairments (if applicable). The impairments should be included in the profit and loss accounts for the
period.
c. Available for Sale:
All other investments that are neither "held for trading" nor "held to maturity" should be classified under
this category. These investments should be marked to market on a regular basis and the difference to be
adjusted through reserves. Banks are required to maintain Investment Adjustment Reserve (eligible as
Tier 2 capital) to the extent of 2% of available for sale portfolio.
The share investment on intitutions specified under Directives no. 8 shall be exempted for maitaining
Investment Adjustment Reserve .
5.3 NET OPEN POSITION APPROACH:
Out of the various components of market risk, foreign exchange risk is the predominant risk in our country. The
effects of other forms of market risk are minimal. Thus, a net open position approach has been devised to
measure the capital requirement for market risk. As evidenced by its name, this approach only addresses the risk
of loss arising out of adverse movements in exchange rates. This approach will be consolidated over time to
incorporate other forms of market risks as they start to gain prominence.
The designated Net Open Position approach requires banks to allocate a fixed proportion of capital in terms of
its net open position. The banks should allocate 5 percentage of their net open positions as capital charge for
market risk.
5.4 NET OPEN POSITION:
Net open position is the difference between the assets and the liability in a currency. In other words, it is the
uncovered volume of asset or liability which is exposed to the changes in the exchange rates of currencies. For
capital adequacy requirements the net open position includes both net spot positions as well as net forward
positions.
For capital adequacy purposes, banks should calculate their net open position in the following manner:
a. Calculate the net open position in each of the foreign currencies.
b. Convert the net open positions in each currency to NPR as per prevalent exchange rates.
c. Aggregate the converted net open positions of all currencies, without paying attention to long or short
positions.
d. This aggregate shall be the net open position of the bank.

69
5.5 COMPUTATION OF RISK WEIGHT:
Risk-weighted assets in respect of market risk are determined by multiplying the capital charges by 10 (i.e., the
reciprocal of the minimum capital ratio of 10%) and adding together with the risk weighted exposures for credit
risk.
6. REVIEW PROCESS
6.1 GENERAL:
The supervisory review process of the framework is intended not only to ensure that banks have adequate
capital to support all the risks in their business, but also to encourage banks to develop and use better risk
management techniques in monitoring and managing their risks. It is the responsibility of the bank management
in developing an internal capital assessment process and setting capital targets that are commensurate with the
banks risk profile and control environment beyond the core minimum requirements.
Nepal Rastra Bank recognizes the significance of the relationship between the amount of capital held by the
bank against its risks and the strength and effectiveness of the banks risk management and internal control
processes. However, increased capital should not be viewed as the only option for addressing increased risks
confronting the bank. Other means for addressing risk, such as strengthening risk management, applying
internal limits, strengthening the level of provisions and reserves, and improving internal controls, must also be
considered. Furthermore, capital should not be regarded as a substitute for addressing fundamentally inadequate
control or risk management processes.
There are three main areas that is particularly suited to treatment under this process: risks considered under
minimum capital requirements which are not fully captured it (e.g. credit concentration risk); those factors not
taken into account by the minimum capital requirements (e.g. business and strategic risk); and factors external
to the bank (e.g. business cycle effects).
In order to achieve the objectives of the supervisory review process, this process has been broadly divided into
three parts:
a. Internal Capital Adequacy Assessment Process (ICAAP)
b. Supervisory Review
c. Supervisory Response
6.2 INTERNAL CAPITAL ADEQUACY ASSESSMENT PROCESS:
The internal capital adequacy assessment process (ICAAP) is a comprehensive process which requires board
and senior management oversight, monitoring, reporting and internal control reviews at regular intervals to
ensure the alignment of regulatory capital requirement with the true risk profile of the bank and thus ensure
long-term safety and soundness of the bank. The key components of an effective ICAAP are discussed below.
a. Board and senior management oversight
Bank management is responsible for understanding the nature and level of risk being taken by the bank
and how this risk relates to adequate capital levels. It is also responsible for ensuring that the formality
and sophistication of the risk management processes is commensurate with the complexity of its
operations. A sound risk management process, thus, is the foundation for an effective assessment of the
adequacy of a banks capital position.
The board of directors of the bank are responsible for setting the banks tolerance for risks. The board
should also ensure that management establishes a mechanism for assessing various risks; develops a
system to relate these risks to the banks capital level and sets up a method for monitoring compliance
with internal policies. It is equally important that the board instills strong internal controls and thereby an
effective control environment through adoption of written policies and procedures and ensures that the
policies and procedures are effectively communicated throughout the bank.
The analysis of a banks current and future capital requirements in relation to its strategic objectives is a
vital element of the strategic planning process. The strategic plan should clearly outline the banks capital
needs, anticipated capital expenditures, desirable capital level, and external capital sources. Senior
management and the board should view capital planning as a crucial element in being able to achieve its
desired strategic objectives.
b. Sound capital assessment
Another crucial component of an effective ICAAP is the assessment of capital. In order to be able to
make a sound capital assessment the bank should, at minimum, have the following:
Policies and procedures designed to ensure that the bank identifies, measures, and reports all
material risks;

70
 A process that relates capital to the level of risk;
A process that states capital adequacy goals with respect to risk, taking account of the banks
strategic focus and business plan; and
A process of internal control, reviews and audit to ensure the integrity of the overall management
process.
c. Comprehensive assessment of risks
All material risks faced by the bank should be addressed in the capital assessment process. Nepal Rastra
Bank recognizes that not all risks can be measured precisely. However, bank should develop a process to
estimate risks with reasonable certainties. In order to make a comprehensive assessment of risks, the
process should, at minimum, address the following forms of risk.
1. Credit risk: Banks should have methodologies that enable them to assess the credit risk involved
in exposures to individual borrowers or counterparties as well as at the portfolio level. The credit
review assessment of capital adequacy, at a minimum, should cover risk rating systems, portfolio
analysis/aggregation, large exposures and risk concentrations.
Internal risk ratings are an important tool in monitoring credit risk. Internal risk ratings should be
adequate to support the identification and measurement of risk from all credit exposures, and
should be integrated into an institutions overall analysis of credit risk and capital adequacy. The
ratings system should provide detailed ratings for all assets, not only for problem assets.
2. Credit concentration risk: Risk concentrations are arguably the single most important cause of
major problems in banks. A risk concentration is any single exposure or group of exposures with
the potential to produce losses large enough (relative to a banks capital, total assets, or overall
risk level) to threaten a banks health or ability to maintain its core operations.
Lending being the primary activity of most banks, credit risk concentrations are often the most
material risk concentrations within a bank. However, risk concentrations can arise in a banks
assets, liabilities, or off-balance sheet items, through the execution or processing of transactions
(either product or service), or through a combination of exposures across these broad categories.
Credit risk concentrations are based on common or correlated risk factors, which, in times of
stress, have an adverse effect on the creditworthiness of each of the individual counterparties
making up the concentration.
Such credit concentrations are not addressed in the minimum capital requirements for credit risk.
Thus, Banks should have in place effective internal policies, systems and controls to identify,
measure, monitor, and control their credit risk concentrations. Banks should explicitly consider the
extent of their credit risk concentrations in their assessment of capital adequacy under review
process. These policies should cover the different forms of credit risk concentrations to which a
bank may be exposed to. Such concentrations include but are not limited to:
Significant exposures to an individual counterparty or group of related counterparty. Banks
might also establish an aggregate limit for the management and control of all of its large
exposures as a group;
Credit exposures to counterparties in the same economic sector or geographic region;
Credit exposures to counterparties whose financial performance is dependent on the same
activity or commodity; and
Indirect credit exposures arising from a banks CRM activities (e.g. exposure to a similar type
of collateral or credit protection provided by a single counterparty or same collateral in cases
of multiple banking).
A banks framework for managing credit risk concentrations should be clearly documented and
should include a definition of the credit risk concentrations relevant to the bank and how these
concentrations and their corresponding limits are calculated. Limits should be defined in relation
to a banks capital, total assets or, where adequate measures exist, its overall risk level. A banks
management should conduct periodic stress tests of its major credit risk concentrations and review
the results of those tests to identify and respond to potential changes in market conditions that
could adversely impact the banks performance.
3. Operational risk: The failure to properly manage operational risk can result in a misstatement of
an institutions risk/return profile and expose the institution to significant losses. Gross income,
used in the Basic Indicator Approach is only a proxy for the scale of operational risk exposure of a
bank and can in some cases underestimate the need for capital. Thus, Banks should develop a
framework for managing operational risk and evaluate the adequacy of capital as prescribed by

71
 this framework. The framework should cover the banks appetite and tolerance for operational
risk, as specified through the policies for managing this risk, including the extent and manner in
which operational risk is transferred outside the bank. It should also include policies outlining the
banks approach to identifying, assessing, monitoring and controlling/mitigating the risk.
4. Market risk: The prescribed approach for the computation of capital charge for market risk is
very simple and thus may not be directly aligned with the magnitude of risk. Likewise, the
approach only incorporates risks arising out of adverse movements in exchange rates while
ignoring other forms of risks like interest rate risk and equity risks. Thus, banks should develop a
framework that addresses these various forms of risk and at the same time perform stress tests to
evaluate the adequacy of capital.
The use of internal models by the bank for the measurement of market risk is highly encouraged.
Wherever bank's make use of internal models for computation of capital charge for market risks,
the bank management should ensure the adequacy and completeness of the system regardless of
the type and level of complexity of the measurement system as the quality and reliability of the
measurement system is largely dependent on the quality of the data and various assumptions used
in the model.
5. Liquidity risk: Liquidity is crucial to the ongoing viability of any financial institution. The capital
positions can have a telling effect on institutions ability to obtain liquidity, especially in a crisis.
Each bank must have adequate systems for measuring, monitoring and controlling liquidity risk.
Banks should evaluate the adequacy of capital given their own liquidity profile and the liquidity of
the markets in which they operate. Banks are also encouraged to make use of stress testing to
determine their liquidity needs and the adequacy of capital.
6. Other risks: Although the other risks, such as reputational and strategic risk, are not easily
measurable, banks are expected to take these into consideration as well while deciding on the level
of capital.
d. Monitoring and reporting
The bank should establish an adequate system for monitoring and reporting risk exposures and assessing
how the banks changing risk profile affects the need for capital. The banks senior management or board
of directors should, on a regular basis, receive reports on the banks risk profile and capital needs. These
reports should allow senior management to:
Evaluate the level and trend of material risks and their effect on capital levels;
Evaluate the sensitivity and reasonableness of key assumptions used in the capital assessment
measurement system;
Determine that the bank holds sufficient capital against the various risks and is in compliance with
established capital adequacy goals; and
Assess its future capital requirements based on the banks reported risk profile and make necessary
adjustments to the banks strategic plan accordingly.
e. Internal control review
The banks internal control structure is essential to a sound capital assessment process. Effective control
of the capital assessment process includes an independent review and, where appropriate, the
involvement of internal or external audits. The banks board of directors has a responsibility to ensure
that management establishes a system for assessing the various risks, develops a system to relate risk to
the banks capital level, and establishes a method for monitoring compliance with internal policies. The
board should regularly verify whether its system of internal controls is adequate to ensure well-ordered
and prudent conduct of business.
The bank should conduct periodic reviews of its risk management process to ensure its integrity,
accuracy, and reasonableness. Key areas that should be reviewed include:
Appropriateness of the banks capital assessment process given the nature, scope and complexity of
its activities;
Identification of large exposures and risk concentrations;
Accuracy and completeness of data inputs into the banks assessment process;
Reasonableness and validity of scenarios used in the assessment process; and
Stress testing and analysis of assumptions and inputs.

72
6.3 SUPERVISORY REVIEW:
Nepal Rastra Bank shall regularly review the process by which a bank assesses its capital adequacy, risk
positions, resulting capital levels, and quality of capital held by a bank. Supervisors shall also evaluate the
degree to which a bank has in place a sound internal process to assess capital adequacy. The emphasis of the
review should be on the quality of the banks risk management and controls and should not result in supervisors
functioning as bank management. The periodic review can involve any or a combination of:
On-site examinations or inspections;
Off-site review;
Discussions with bank management;
Review of work done by external auditors (provided it is adequately focused on the necessary capital issues);
and
Periodic reporting.
Some of the key areas which will be reviewed during the supervisory review process are discussed hereunder
a. Review of adequacy of risk assessment
NRB shall assess the degree to which internal targets and processes incorporate the full range of material
risks faced by the bank. Supervisors shall also review the adequacy of risk measures used in assessing
internal capital adequacy and the extent to which these risk measures are also used operationally in
setting limits, evaluating business line performance, and evaluating and controlling risks more generally.
Supervisors shall consider the results of sensitivity analyses and stress tests conducted by the institution
and how these results relate to capital plans.
b. Assessment of capital adequacy
NRB shall review the banks processes to determine that:
Target levels of capital chosen are comprehensive and relevant to the current operating environment;
These levels are properly monitored and reviewed by senior management; and
The composition of capital is appropriate for the nature and scale of the banks business.
NRB shall also consider the extent to which the bank has provided for unexpected events in setting its
capital levels. This analysis should cover a wide range of external conditions and scenarios, and the
sophistication of techniques and stress tests used should be commensurate with the banks activities.
c. Assessment of the control environment
NRB shall consider the quality of the banks management information reporting and systems, the manner
in which business risks and activities are aggregated, and managements record in responding to
emerging or changing risks. In all instances, the capital level at an individual bank should be determined
according to the banks risk profile and adequacy of its risk management process and internal controls.
External factors such as business cycle effects and the macroeconomic environment should also be
considered.
d. Supervisory review of compliance with minimum standards
In order to obtain relief as per this framework banks are required to observe number of requirements,
including risk management standards and disclosures. In particular, banks will be required to disclose
features of their internal methodologies used in calculating minimum capital requirements. As part of the
supervisory review process, supervisors must ensure that these conditions are being met on an ongoing
basis. Likewise, the supervisors must ensure that qualifying criteria as specified in the framework are
continuously being met as these criteria are developed as benchmarks that are aligned with bank
management expectations for effective risk management and capital allocation.
e. Significance of risk transfer
Securitization or credit sale agreements with recourse may be carried out for purposes other than credit
risk transfer (e.g. funding). Where this is the case, there might still be a limited transfer of credit risk.
However, for an originating bank to achieve reductions in capital requirements, the risk transfer arising
from a securitization or credit sale has to be deemed significant by the NRB. If the risk transfer is
considered to be insufficient or non existent, NRB can require the application of a higher capital
requirement or, alternatively, may deny a bank from obtaining any capital relief from the securitization or
transfer agreements. Therefore, the capital relief that can be achieved will correspond to the amount of
credit risk that is effectively transferred.

73
 f. Credit Risk Mitigants
In case when the eligibility requirements are not fulfilled, NRB will not consider Credit Risk Mitigants in
allocating capital. Similarly, CRM may give rise to residual risks, which may render the overall risk
reduction less effective. Where, these risks are not adequately controlled by the bank, NRB may impose
additional capital charges or take other appropriate supervisory actions.
g. Operational risk and Market Risk
The framework prescribes simple approaches for allocating capital for operational and market risk which
may not be directly aligned with the volume and complexity of risk. Thus, the supervisor shall consider
whether the capital requirements generated by the prescribed approaches gives a consistent picture of the
individual bank's risk exposure in comparison with the peer group and the banking industry at large.
Where NRB is convinced such is not the case, appropriate supervisory response is warranted.
h. Market Discipline
The framework requires banks to disclose various key information about their business on a periodic
basis. It is imperative that the banks discharge their obligations under the disclosure requirements in
order to be eligible to claim benefits of CRM. In line with the utmost significance of this requirement, the
supervisor shall review the adequacy of the disclosures. As a part of this process itself, the supervisor
shall regularly review the website of the banks and review the contents of the site. Wherever the review
process identifies any shortcomings or non-compliances, appropriate supervisory response shall be
initiated.
6.4 SUPERVISORY RESPONSE:
Nepal Rastra Bank expects banks to operate above the minimum regulatory capital ratios. Wherever, NRB is
not convinced about the risk management practices and the control environment, it has the authority to require
banks to hold capital in excess of the minimum.
a. Supervisory adjustments in risk weighted assets and capital
Having carried out the review process as described above, supervisors should take appropriate action if
they are not satisfied with the results of the banks own risk assessment and capital allocation. In such a
scenario, NRB shall be empowered to undertake any or combination of the following adjustments in the
banks risk weighted assets and regulatory capital computations.
1. Shortfall in provisions made by the bank against adversely classified assets shall be deducted from
the Tier 1 capital.
2. The loans and facilities extended to Directors, Employees (other than loans given under Employee
rules), Shareholders holding more than 1% percent shares and related parties as well as loans,
advances and facilities restricted by the prevailing rules and regulations shall be deducted from
Tier 1 capital.
3. In case the bank has provided loans and facilities in excess of its Single Obligor Limits, 10% of all
such excess exposures shall be added to the risk weighted exposure for credit risk.
4. Where the bank has been involved in the sale of credit with recourse facility, 1% of the contract
(sale) value shall be added to the risk weight for credit risk.
5. Where the banks do not have satisfactory Assets Liability Management policies and practices to
effectively manage the market risks, an additional risk weight of 1% of Net Interest Income of
immediate previous financial year shall be added to the risk weight for market risk.
6. Where the bank's net liquid asset to total deposit ratio is less than 20%, a risk weight of 1% (as
given in the table below) of total deposit, for each percent or portion of percent shortfall in such
ratio, is added to total of the Risk Weighted Exposures.
Net liquid asset to total deposit ratio A risk weight to be added to the Risk Weighted
Exposures
19% - less than 20% 1% of total deposit
18% - less than 19% 2% of total deposit
17% - less than 18% 3% of total deposit
16% - less than 17% 4% of total deposit
15% - less than 16% 5% of total deposit and so on.
For this purpose, liquid assets include cash and bank balances, money at call & short notice,
placement upto 90 days and investment in government securities. Borrowings repayable upto 90
days is deducted from liquid assets to obtain net liquid assets.
Note: Aforesaid Provision shall be effective from Falgun end 2066 BS.

74
 7. Where the banks do not adopt sound practices for the management of operational risk, an
additional capital charge of 2% to 5% of Gross Income of Immediate previous financial year shall
be levied for operational risks.
8. Where the Gross Income determined for computation of capital charge of Operational Risk for all
of the last three years is negative and where the banks themselves have not addressed the capital
charge for operational risk, 5% of the total credit and investments net of specific provisions shall
be the capital charge for operational risk.
New banks who have not completed an year of operation and hence whose gross income cannot be
measured reliably and where the banks themselves have not addressed the capital charge for
operational risk, shall also be required to compute their capital charge for operational risk vide the
same approach as prescribed for banks with negative gross income. These banks may use the gross
income approach from second year onwards. But, based on the reasonableness of the so computed
capital charge for Operation Risk, during the first three years of operation, review process may
require additional proportion of capital charge.
9. During the course of review, where the supervisor is not satisfied with the overall risk
management policies and procedures of the bank, the total risk weighted exposures of the bank
shall be increased up to 5%.
10. In case the bank has not achieved the desired level of disclosure requirements, the total risk
weighted exposures of the bank shall be increased up to 3%.
11. Banks that do not meet the eligibility requirements to claim the benefit under credit risk mitigation
techniques shall not be allowed the benefit of CRM.
b. Corrective Actions for Non-Compliances
1. The failure on part of the banks to meet the provisions of this framework shall be considered as a
violation of the NRB directives and shall attract stipulated actions. The nature of the enforcement
action largely depends on degree of the capital adequacy of the bank. The trigger points and the
prescribed action in case of non-compliance shall be as per the provisions of Prompt Corrective
Action Byelaw 2064 propounded by Nepal Rastra Bank.
7. DISCLOSURE
7.1 GENERAL:
The purpose of disclosure requirements is to complement the minimum capital requirements and the review
process by developing a set of disclosure requirements which will allow market participants to assess key pieces
of information on the scope of application, capital, risk exposures, risk assessment processes, and hence the
capital adequacy of the bank. It is believed that providing disclosures that are based on a common framework is
an effective means of informing the market about a banks exposure to those risks and provides a consistent and
comprehensive disclosure framework that enhances comparability. The importance of disclosure is more
pronounced in cases of bank that rely on internal methodologies in assessing capital requirements.
7.2 DISCLOSURE PRINCIPLES:
Banks should have a formal disclosure policy approved by the Board of directors that addresses the banks
approach for determining what disclosures it will make and the internal controls over the disclosure process. In
addition, banks should implement a process for assessing the appropriateness of their disclosures, including
validation and frequency. While deciding on the disclosure policy, the board should pay due attention to strike a
balance between materiality and proprietary and confidential information.
a. Materiality
Besides the minimum prescribed disclosure requirements, a bank should decide which additional
disclosures are relevant for it based on the materiality concept. Information would be regarded as
material if its omission or misstatement could change or influence the assessment or decision of a user
relying on that information for the purpose of making economic decisions.
b. Proprietary and confidential information
Proprietary information encompasses information (for example on products or systems), that if shared
with competitors would render a banks investment in these products/systems less valuable, and hence
would undermine its competitive position. Information about customers is often confidential, in that it is
provided under the terms of a legal agreement or counterparty relationship. This has an impact on what
banks should reveal in terms of information about their customer base, as well as details on their internal
arrangements, for instance methodologies used, parameter estimates, data etc. The disclosure
requirements set out below by NRB aims to strike an appropriate balance between the need for
meaningful disclosure and the protection of proprietary and confidential information.

75
7.3 VALIDATION:
The disclosures of the bank should be subjected to adequate validation. In addition, supplementary material
(such as Managements Discussion and Analysis) that is published should also be subjected to sufficient
scrutiny (e.g. internal control assessments, etc.) to satisfy the validation issue. If material is not published under
a validation regime, for instance in a stand alone report or as a section on a website, then management should
ensure that appropriate verification of the information takes place, in accordance with the general disclosure
principles.
7.4 DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS:
Banks should at minimum, disclose the following information at the stipulated time intervals. At the same time,
banks shall be free to disclose any other information they consider important for its stakeholders as and when
they consider necessary, beyond the prescribed requirements.
a. Banks should provide the following disclosures as at end of each financial year along with the annual
financial statements.
1. Capital structure and capital adequacy
o Tier 1 capital and a breakdown of its components;
o Tier 2 capital and a breakdown of its components;
o Detailed information about the Subordinated Term Debts with information on the outstanding
amount, maturity, amount raised during the year and amount eligible to be reckoned as capital
funds.
o Deductions from capital;
o Total qualifying capital;
o Capital adequacy ratio;
o Summary of the banks internal approach to assess the adequacy of its capital to support
current and future activities, if applicable; and
o Summary of the terms, conditions and main features of all capital instruments, especially in
case of subordinated term debts including hybrid capital instruments.
2. Risk exposures
o Risk weighted exposures for Credit Risk, Market Risk and Operational Risk;
o Risk Weighted Exposures under each of 11 categories of Credit Risk;
o Total risk weighted exposure calculation table;
o Amount of NPAs (both Gross and Net)
Restructure/Reschedule Loan
Substandard Loan
Doubtful Loan
Loss Loan
o NPA ratios
Gross NPA to gross advances
Net NPA to net advances
o Movement of Non Performing Assets
o Write off of Loans and Interest Suspense
o Movements in Loan Loss Provisions and Interest Suspense
o Details of additional Loan Loss Provisions
o Segregation of investment portfolio into Held for trading, Held to maturity and Available for
sale category
3. Risk Management Function
o For each separate risk area (Credit, Market and Operational risk), banks must describe their
risk management objectives and policies, including:
Strategies and processes;
The structure and organization of the relevant risk management function;
The scope and nature of risk reporting and/or measurement systems; and
Policies for hedging and/or mitigating risk and strategies, and processes for monitoring
the continuing effectiveness of hedges/mitigants.

76
 o Types of eligible credit risk mitigants used and the benefits availed under CRM.
b. All commercial banks should make following disclosures on a quarterly basis on their respective
websites.
o Tier 1 capital and a breakdown of its components;
o Tier 2 capital and a breakdown of its components;
o Detailed information about the Subordinated Term Debts with information on the outstanding
amount, maturity, amount raised during the year and amount eligible to be reckoned as capital funds.
o Deductions from capital;
o Total qualifying capital;
o Capital adequacy ratio;
o Risk weighted exposures for Credit Risk, Market Risk and Operational Risk;
o Risk Weighted Exposures under each of 11 categories of Credit Risk;
o Total risk weighted exposure calculation table;
o Amount of NPAs (both Gross and Net)
Restructure/Reschedule Loan
Substandard Loan
Doubtful Loan
Loss Loan
o NPA ratios
Gross NPA to gross advances
Net NPA to net advances
o Movement of Non Performing Assets
o Write off of Loans and Interest Suspense
o Movements in Loan Loss Provisions and Interest Suspense
o Details of Additional Loan Loss Provisions
o Segregation of investment portfolio into Held for trading, Held to maturity and Available for sale
category
o Summary of the banks internal approach to assess the adequacy of its capital to support current and
future activities, if applicable; and
o Summary of the terms, conditions and main features of all capital instruments, especially in case of
subordinated term debts including hybrid capital instruments.
c. Disclosure requirements under this framework should also be published in the respective websites of the
banks. Such disclosures of the banks should also be updated to reflect the capital adequacy position of
the banks after the supervisory adjustments under the review process. Banks that do not host a website
yet are required to make the necessary arrangements to host a website immediately.
d. Banks are required to report to NRB their capital adequacy computations, according to the format as
specified in Annexure of this framework on a monthly basis within one month after the end of the month
or as required by NRB from time to time. All such returns has to be validated by the internal auditor of
the bank. If the monthly internal audit couldnot be carried out, it should be disclosed on the monthly
returns. But, such returns at the end of the quarter must be submitted with the validation from the internal
auditor of the bank.
Besides the returns specified above, a bank must inform NRB within 30 days of:
1. Any breach of the minimum capital adequacy requirements set out in this framework together with
an explanation of the reasons for the breach and the remedial measures it has taken to address those
breaches.
2. Any concerns it has about its capital adequacy, along with proposed measures to address these
concerns.
e. Full compliance of these disclosure requirements is a pre-requisite before banks can obtain any capital
relief (i.e., adjustments in the risk weights of collateralized or guaranteed exposures) in respect of any
credit risk mitigation techniques.

77
 FORM NO. 1 CAPITAL ADEQUACY TABLE
(Rs.In ..)
1. 1 Risk Weighted Exposures Current Period Previous Period
a Risk Weighted Exposure for Credit Risk
b Risk Weighted Exposure for Operational Risk
c Risk Weighted Exposure for Market Risk
Adjustments under Pillar II
Add: 3% of the total RWE due to non compliance to Disclosure
Requirement (6.4 a 10)
Add: .% of the total deposit due to insufficient Liquid Assets(6.4 a 6)
Total Risk Weighted Exposures (After Bank's adjustments of Pillar II)
1.2 CAPITAL Current Period Previous Period
Core Capital (Tier 1)
a Paid up Equity Share Capital
b Irredeemable Non-cumulative preference shares
c Share Premium
d Proposed Bonus Equity Shares
e Statutory General Reserves
f Retained Earnings
g Un-audited current year cumulative profit/(Loss)
h Capital Redemption Reserve
i Capital Adjustment Reserve
j Dividend Equalization Reserves
l Other Free Reserve
m Less: Goodwill
n Less: Deferred Tax Assets
o Less: Fictitious Assets
p Less: Investment in equity in licensed Financial Institutions
q Less: Investment in equity of institutions with financial interests
r Less: Investment in equity of institutions in excess of limits
s Less: Investments arising out of underwriting commitments
t Less: Reciprocal crossholdings
u Less: Purchase of land & building in excess of limit & unutilized
v Less: Other Deductions
Adjustments under Pillar II
Less: Shortfall in Provision (6.4 a 1)
Less: Loans and Facilities extended to Related Parties and Restricted
lending (6.4 a 2)
Supplementary Capital (Tier II) 0 0
a Cumulative and/or Redeemable Preference Share
b Subordinated Term Debt
c Hybrid Capital Instruments
d General Loan Loss Provision
e Exchange Equalization Reserve
f Investment Adjustment Reserve
g Assets Revaluation Reserve
h Other Reserves
Total Capital Fund (Tier I and Tier II) 0 0
1.3 CAPITAL ADEQUACY RATIOS Current Period Previous Period
Tier 1 Capital to Total Risk Weighted Exposures (After Bank's adjustments of
Pillar II)
Tier 1 and Tier 2 Capital to Total Risk Weighted Exposures(After Bank's
adjustments of Pillar II)

78
 FORM NO. 2: RISK WEIGHTED EXPOSURE FOR CREDIT RISK
(Rs.In ..)
Risk
Book Specific Eligibl Net Risk
Weighted
A. Balance Sheet Exposures Value Provision e CRM Value Weight
Exposures
a b c d=a-b-c e f=d*e
Cash Balance 0 0 0 0% 0
Balance With Nepal Rastra Bank 0 0 0 0% 0
Gold 0 0 0 0% 0
Investment in Nepalese Government Securities 0 0 0 0% 0
All Claims on Government of Nepal 0 0 0 0% 0
Investment in Nepal Rastra Bank securities 0 0 0 0% 0
All claims on Nepal Rastra Bank 0 0 0 0% 0
Claims on Foreign Government and Central Bank (ECA 0-1) 0 0 0 0% 0
Claims on Foreign Government and Central Bank (ECA -2) 0 0 0 0 20% 0
Claims on Foreign Government and Central Bank (ECA -3) 0 0 0 0 50% 0
Claims on Foreign Government and Central Bank (ECA-4-6) 0 0 0 0 100% 0
Claims on Foreign Government and Central Bank (ECA -7) 0 0 0 0 150% 0
Claims On BIS, IMF, ECB, EC and on Multilateral
0 0 0 0% 0
Development Banks (MDB's) recognized by the framework
Claims on Other Multilateral Development Banks 0 0 0 0 100% 0
Claims on Public Sector Entity (ECA 0-1) 0 0 0 0 20% 0
Claims on Public Sector Entity (ECA 2) 0 0 0 0 50% 0
Claims on Public Sector Entity (ECA 3-6) 0 0 0 0 100% 0
Claims on Public Sector Entity (ECA 7) 0 0 0 0 150% 0
Claims on domestic banks that meet capital adequacy
0 0 0 0 20% 0
requirements
Claims on domestic banks that do not meet capital adequacy
0 0 0 0 100% 0
requirements
Claims on foreign bank (ECA Rating 0-1) 0 0 0 0 20% 0
Claims on foreign bank (ECA Rating 2) 0 0 0 0 50% 0
Claims on foreign bank (ECA Rating 3-6) 0 0 0 0 100% 0
Claims on foreign bank (ECA Rating 7) 0 0 0 0 150% 0
Claims on foreign bank incorporated in SAARC region
operating with a buffer of 1% above their respective 0 0 0 0 20% 0
regulatory capital requirement
Claims on Domestic Corporates 0 0 0 0 100% 0
Claims on Foreign Corporates (ECA 0-1) 0 0 0 0 20% 0
Claims on Foreign Corporates (ECA 2) 0 0 0 0 50% 0
Claims on Foreign Corporates (ECA 3-6) 0 0 0 0 100% 0
Claims on Foreign Corporates (ECA 7) 0 0 0 0 150% 0
Regulatory Retail Portfolio (Not Overdue) 0 0 0 0 75% 0
Claims fulfilling all criterion of regulatory retail except
0 0 0 0 100% 0
granularity
Claims secured by residential properties 0 0 0 0 60% 0
Claims not fully secured by residential properties 0 0 0 0 150% 0
Claims secured by residential properties (Overdue) 0 0 0 0 100% 0
Claims secured by Commercial real estate 0 0 0 0 100% 0
Past due claims (except for claim secured by residential
0 0 0 0 150% 0
properties)
High Risk claims 0 0 0 0 150% 0
Investments in equity and other capital instruments of
0 0 0 0 100% 0
institutions listed in the stock exchange
Investments in equity and other capital instruments of
0 0 0 0 150% 0
institutions not listed in the stock exchange
Staff loan secured by residential property 0 0 0 0 60% 0
Interest Receivable/claim on government securities 0 0 0 0 0% 0
Cash in transit and other cash items in the process of
0 0 0 0 20% 0
collection
Other Assets (as per attachment) 0 0 0 0 100% 0
TOTAL 0 0 0 0 0

79
 Gross Risk
Specific Eligible Net Risk
Book Weighted
B. Off Balance Sheet Exposures Provision CRM Value Weight
Value Exposures
a b c d=a-b-c e f=d*e
Revocable Commitments 0 0 0 0% 0
Bills Under Collection 0 0 0 0% 0
Forward Exchange Contract Liabilities 0 0 0 0 10% 0
LC Commitments With Original Maturity Upto 6
months 0 0 0 0 20% 0
Domestic counterparty
Foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 0-1) 0 0 0 0 20% 0
Foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 2) 0 0 0 0 50% 0
Foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 3-6) 0 0 0 0 100% 0
Foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 7) 0 0 0 0 150% 0
LC Commitments With Original Maturity Over 6
months 0 0 0 0 50% 0
Domestic counterparty
Foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 0-1) 0 0 0 0 20% 0
Foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 2) 0 0 0 0 50% 0
Foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 3-6) 0 0 0 0 100% 0
Foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 7) 0 0 0 0 150% 0
Bid Bond, Performance Bond and Counter guarantee
0 0 0 0 50% 0
Domestic counterparty
Foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 0-1) 0 0 0 0 20% 0
Foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 2) 0 0 0 0 50% 0
Foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 3-6) 0 0 0 0 100% 0
Foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 7) 0 0 0 0 150% 0
Underwriting commitments 0 0 0 0 50% 0
Lending of Bank's Securities or Posting of Securities
0 0 0 0 100% 0
as collateral
Repurchase Agreements, Assets sale with recourse 0 0 0 0 100% 0
Advance Payment Guarantee 0 0 0 0 100% 0
Financial Guarantee 0 0 0 0 100% 0
Acceptances and Endorsements 0 0 0 0 100% 0
Unpaid portion of Partly paid shares and Securities 0 0 0 0 100% 0
Irrevocable Credit commitments (Short Term) 0 0 0 0 20% 0
Irrevocable Credit commitments (Long Term) 0 0 0 0 50% 0
Claims on foreign bank incorporated in SAARC
region operating with a buffer of 1% above their 0 0 0 0 20% 0
respective regulatory capital requirement
Other Contingent Liabilities 0 0 0 0 100% 0
Unpaid Guarantee Claims 0 0 0 0 200% 0
TOTAL 0 0 0 0 0
Total RWE for Credit Risk Before Adjustment
0 0 0 0 0
(A) +(B)
Adjustments under Pillar II
Add: 10% of the loan and facilities in excess of
0
Single Obligor Limits(6.4 a 3)
Add: 1% of the contract(sale) value in case of
the sale of credit with recourse (6.4 a 4)
Total RWE for credit Risk (After Bank's
adjustments of Pillar II)

80
 FORM NO.3 ELIGIBLE CREDIT RISK MITIGANTS
Credit exposures Deposits Deposits Gold Govt.& G'tee Sec/G'tee G'tee of G'tee Sec/G'tee Total
with with NRB of of Other domestic of of
Bank other Securiti Govt. Sovereign banks MDBs Foreign
banks/FI es of s Banks
Nepal
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i)
Balance Sheet Exposures
Claims on Foreign government and Central
Bank (ECA -2) 0
Claims on Foreign government and Central
Bank (ECA -3) 0
Claims on Foreign government and Central
Bank (ECA-4-6) 0
Claims on Foreign government and Central
Bank (ECA -7) 0
Claims on Other Multilateral Development
Banks 0
Claims on Public Sector Entity (ECA 0-1) 0
Claims on Public Sector Entity (ECA 2) 0
Claims on Public Sector Entity (ECA 3-6) 0
Claims on Public Sector Entity (ECA 7) 0
Claims on domestic banks that meet capital
adequacy requirements 0
Claims on domestic banks that do not meet
capital adequacy requirements 0
Claims on foreign bank (ECA Rating 0-1) 0
Claims on foreign bank (ECA Rating 2) 0
Claims on foreign bank (ECA Rating 3-6) 0
Claims on foreign bank (ECA Rating 7) 0
Claims on foreign bank incorporated in
SAARC region operating with a buffer of
1% above their respective regulatory capital
requirement
Claims on Domestic Corporates 0
Claims on Foreign Corporates (ECA 0-1) 0
Claims on Foreign Corporates (ECA 2) 0
Claims on Foreign Corporates (ECA 3-6) 0
Claims on Foreign Corporates (ECA 7) 0
Regulatory Retail Portfolio (Not Overdue) 0
Claims fulfilling all criterion of regulatory 0
retail except granularity
Claims secured by residential properties 0
Claims not fully secured by residential 0
properties
Claims secured by residential properties 0
(Overdue)
Claims secured by Commercial real estate 0
Past due claims (except for claim secured 0
by residential properties)
High Risk claims 0
Investments in equity and other capital 0
instruments of institutions listed in the stock
exchange
Investments in equity and other capital 0
instruments of institutions not listed in the
stock exchange
Other Assets (as per attachment)
Total 0
Off Balance Sheet Exposures
Forward Exchange Contract Liabilities
LC Commitments With Original Maturity 0
Upto 6 months
Domestic counterparty
Foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 0- 0
1)
Foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 2) 0
Foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 3-6) 0

81
Credit exposures Deposits Deposits Gold Govt.& G'tee Sec/G'tee G'tee of G'tee Sec/G'tee Total
with with NRB of of Other domestic of of
Bank other Securiti Govt. Sovereign banks MDBs Foreign
banks/FI es of s Banks
Nepal
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i)
Foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 7) 0
LC Commitments With Original Maturity 0
Over 6 months
Domestic counterparty
Foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 0-1) 0
Foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 2) 0
Foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 3-6) 0
Foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 7) 0
Bid Bond, Performance Bond and Counter 0
guarantee
Domestic counterparty
Foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 0-1) 0
Foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 2) 0
Foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 3-6) 0
Foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 7) 0
Underwriting commitments 0
Lending of Bank's Securities or Posting of 0
Securities as collateral
Repurchase Agreements, Assets sale with 0
recourse
Advance Payment Guarantee 0
Financial Guarantee 0
Acceptances and Endorsements 0
Unpaid portion of Partly paid shares and 0
Securities
Irrevocable Credit commitments (Short 0
Term)
Irrevocable Credit commitments (Long
Term)
Other Contingent Liabilities 0
Total
Grand Total

82
 FORM NO.4 EXHIBIT OF CLAIMS WITH CREDIT RISK MITIGANTS
(Rs.In .)
S.N Counterparty Category Facility Outstanding Eligible CRM
. Nature Gross Amount Haircut Net Amount

FORM NO.5 OTHER ASSETS

S.No. Assets Gross Amount Specific Net Balance
Provision
1 Cash and Cash Items in Transit 0
2 Miscellaneous Expenditure not written off 0
3 Fixed Assets 0
4 Interest Receivable on Other Investment 0
5 Interest Receivable on Loan 0
6 Non Banking Assets 0
7 Reconciliation Account 0
8 Draft Paid Without Notice 0
9 Sundry Debtors 0
10 Advance payment and Deposits 0
11 Staff Loan and Advance 0
12 Stationery 0
13 Other 0
TOTAL 0 0 0

FORM NO. 6: RISK WEIGHTED EXPOSURE FOR OPERATIONAL RISK

Particulars FY ...... FY ...... FY ......
Net Interest Income
Commission and Discount Income
Other Operating Income
Exchange Fluctuation Income
Addition/Deduction in Interest Suspense during the period
Gross income (a)
Alfa (b) 15% 15% 15%
Fixed Percentage of Gross Income [c=(ab)]
Capital Requirement for Operational Risk (d) (average of c)
Risk Weight (reciprocal of capital requirement of 10%) in times (e) 10
Equivalent Risk Weight Exposure [f=(de)]
PILLAR-II ADJUSTMENTS
If Gross Income for all the last three years is negative(6.4 a 8)
Total Credit and Investment (net of Specific Provision)
Capital Requirement for Operational Risk (5%)
Risk Weight (reciprocal of capital requirement of 10%) in times 10
Equivalent Risk Weight Exposure [g]
Equivalent Risk Weight Exposure [h=f or g)

83
 FORM NO.7 RISK WEIGHTED EXPOSURE FOR MARKET RISK
S.No. Currency Open Position (FCY) Open Position (NPR) Relevant Open Position

1 INR
2 USD
3 GBP
4 EURO
5 THB
6 CHF
7 ......
8 .......
9 .......
Total Open Position (a)
Fixed Percentage (b) 5%
Capital Charge for Market Risk [c=(ab)]
Risk Weight (reciprocal of capital requirement of 10%) in times (d)
Equivalent Risk Weight Exposure [e=(cd)]

FORM NO. 8 NET LIQUID ASSETS TO TOTAL DEPOSIT RATIO

(Rs.In ..)
Particulars Amount
Total Deposit and Borrowing (A)
Total Deposit(as per NRB Ni.Fa. 9.1)
Total Borrowing(as per NRB Ni.Fa. 9.1)
Liquid Assets (B)
Cash(9.1)
Bank Balance(9.1)
Money at call and short notice (9.1)
Investment in government Securities(9.1)
Placement upto 90 days
Borrowings payable upto 90 days ( C )
Net Liquid Assets (D)=(B-C)

Net Liquid Assets to Total Deposit

Shortfall in Ratio
Amount to be added to Risk Weighted Exposures

84
 g]kfn /fi6 a}+s
s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu

O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= @)&$

shf{;fk^sf] juL{s/)f / shf{ gf]S;fgL ;DaGwL Joj:yf .

o; a}+saf6 s, v / u ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] k|jfx u/]sf] shf{ ;fk6sf] juL{s/0f / ;f]sf]
;+efljt gf]S;fgLdf sfod ug'{ kg]{ Joj:yfsf ;DaGwdf g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf &( n] lbPsf]
clwsf/ k|of]u u/L b]xfosf]] lgb]{zg hf/L ul/Psf] 5 .
!= shf{ ;fk6sf] juL{s/0f
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] k|jfx u/]sf] shf{;fk6sf] ;fFjf jf Aofh e'StfgL x'g' kg]{ efvf gf3]sf] cjlwsf
cfwf/df ;Dk"0f{ shf{ ;fk6nfO{ b]xfo adf]lhd juL{s/0f ug'{ kg]{5 M
-s_ c;n (Pass) M efvf ggf3]sf / # dlxgf;Dd efvf gf3]sf shf{;fk6 .
-v_ ;'Id lgu/fgL (Watch List) M c;n ju{df k/]sf t/ b]xfosf] a'Fbf g+= !=! df plNnlvt cj:yf
/x]sf shf{;fk6 .
-u_ sd;n (Sub-standard) M # dlxgfb]lv a9Ldf ^ dlxgf;Dd efvf gf3]sf shf{;fk6 .
-3_ z+sf:kb (Doubtful) M ^ dlxgfb]lv a9Ldf ! jif{;Dd efvf gf3]sf shf{;fk6 .
-_ v/fj (Loss) M ! jif{eGbf a9L cjlwn] efvf gf3]sf shf{;fk6 .
c;n / ;'Id lgu/fgL df /x]sf shf{nfO{ ;ls|o shf{ (Performing Loan) /
k'g/tflnsLs/0fk'g/;+/rgf u/]sf, sd;n, z+sf:kb tyf v/fa shf{nfO{ lgliqmo shf{ (Non-
performing Loan) egL kl/efiff ul/Psf] 5 .
!=! ;'Id lgu/fgL (Watch List) cGtu{t juL{s/0f ug'{kg]{ cj:yfx? M
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] o; lgb]{zg adf]lhd ;lqmo shf{sf] ?kdf /x]sf shf{;fk6df b]xfosf s'g}
s}lkmot jf cj:yf /x]df To:tf shf{;fk6nfO{ ;'Id lgu/fgL cGtu{t juL{s/0f u/L ;'Id lgu/fgL jf
cg'udgsf] Joj:yf ldnfpg' kg]{ 5 .
-s_ ;fFjf jf Aofh tf]lsPsf] cjlwleq e'Qmfg geO{ ! dlxgf eGbf a9L cjlwn] aSof}tf /x]sf shf{ .
-v_ gjLs/0f geO{ c:yfoL ?kdf e'QmfgL cjlw a9fO{ sfod /x]sf cNksfnLg jf rfn'k"FhL shf{ .
-u_ s'g}klg a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfdf /x]sf] shf{ lgliqmo shf{df juL{s/0f ePsf] C0fLnfO{ k|jflxt shf{ .
-3_ ;fFjf / Jofh lgoldt ?kdf e'QmfgL ePtfklg nuftf/ b'O{ jif{ b]lv v'b gf]S;fgLdf /x]sf jf g]6jy{
C0ffTds /x]sf kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfnfO{ k|jflxt cNksfnLg jf rfn'k"FhL shf{ . t/ lgdf{0ffwLg
cj:yfdf /x]sf kl/of]hgfnfO{ k|bfg ul/Psf] shf{sf] xsdf kl/of]hgfn] Jofj;flos pTkfbg z''? u/]
kl5 dfq of] Joj:yf nfu' x'g]5 .
-_ o; O=k|f= lgb]{zgsf] a'Fbf g+= ## adf]lhd ;xljQLos/0f shf{df kl/0ft gePsf ax'a}+ls shf{x? .
-r_ o; a}+sn] lgl/If0f ubf{ C0fLsf] gub k|jfx tyf kl/of]hgf ;~rfngsf] cj:yf sdhf]/ ePsf]
cfwf/df ;'Id lgu/fgLdf /fVg] egL lgb]{zg lbPsf shf{ .
@= c;n shf{ ;DaGwL yk Joj:yf
!= b]xfosf shf{x?nfO{ c;n shf{df ;dfj]z ug{ ;lsg] 5 M

85
 -s_ d'2lt /l;bsf] lwtf]df uPsf shf{ tyf ;fk6x?,
-v_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;'/If0fkq tyf g]kfn /fi6 a}+s C0fkqsf] lwtf]df uPsf shf{ tyf ;fk6
t/, cltl/Qm lwtf] ;'/If0f jfkt d'2lt /l;b jf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;'/If0fkq jf g]kfn /fi6 a}+s
C0fkq lwtf] /fvL shf{ k|jfx u/]df To:tf shf{ tyf ;fk6x?nfO{ eg] a'Fbf g+= ! df plNnlvt
lgb]{zg adf]lhd g} juL{s/0fug'{ kg]{5 .
@= a9Ldf Ps jif{;Dd e'StfgL cjlw ePsf] rfn' k'FhL shf{nfO{ gjLs/0f ubf{ c;n shf{df ;dfj]z
ug{ ;lsg] 5 . Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] C0fLsf] shf{ ltg{ ;Sg] Ifdtf, efjL gub k|jfx, cfDbfgLsf]
;|f]t h:tf shf{ k|jfxsf Go'gtd cfwf/x?sf] ljZn]if0f kZrft shf{ ;b'kof]usf] ;'lglZrttf x'g]
u/L dfq shf{ gjLs/0f ug'{kg]{5 . rfn' k'FhL k|s[ltsf shf{x?df k|fKt x'g' kg]{ Aofh lgoldt
gePsf] cj:yfdf To:tf] shf{nfO{ Aofh jSof}tf cjlwsf] cfwf/df juL{s/0fug'{ kg]{5 .
#= v/fj shf{ ;DaGwL yk Joj:yf
efvf gf3]sf] jf ggf3]sf] s'g} klg shf{df b]xfosf] s'g} s}lkmot b]lvPdf To:tf] shf{ tyf ;fk6nfO{ v/fj
shf{df juL{s/0fug'{ kg]{5 / To:tf] shf{ c;'nLsf] k|s[of tTsfn cufl8 a9fpg' kg]{5 M
-s_ C0fL 6f6 kN6]df jf 6f6 kN6]sf] 3f]if0ff ePdf,
-v_ C0fL x/fPdf jf ufoj ePdf,
-u_ shf{ b'?kof]u ePdf,
-3_ kl/of]hgfJoj;fo ;~rfng x'g] cj:yf g/x]df, kl/of]hgf jf Joj;fo ;~rfngdf gePdf,
-_ k|lttkq, hdfgt tyf cGo ;Defljt bfloTjx? kmf];{ nf]g -Force Loan_ sf] ?kdf sf]ifdf cfwfl/t
shf{df kl/0ft ePsf] cj:yfdf To;/L shf{df kl/0ft ePsf] ldltn] gAa] lbg;Dd c;'nL gePdf,
-r_ shf{ c;'n x'g g;sL lnnfdL k|lqmof z'? ePsf] !*) lbg gf3]df jf c;'nL k|lqmof cGtu{t
cbfntdf d'2f rln/x]sf] cj:yfdf,
-5_ shf{ ;'rgf s]Gb|sf] sfnf];"rLdf sfod /x]sf C0fLnfO{ shf{ k|bfg u/]sf] cj:yfdf,
-h_ ;'/If0fsf] ahf/ d"Non] shf{sf] ;'/If0f x'g g;Sg] ePdf,
-em_ vl/b jf l8:sfpG6 u/]sf] laN;sf] e'QmfgL ldlt -due date_ n] gAa] lbg;Dd c;'nL gePdf,
-`_ s'g} JolQmkmd{sDkgLsf] gfddf /x]sf] shf{ csf]{ JolQmkmd{sDkgLn] pkef]u u/]sf] cj:yfdf, t/
Pp6} ;d'xdf kg]{ kmd{sDkgLsf] xsdf s'n ;Ldf sfod ug{ afwf k'Ug] 5}g,
-6_ l6=cf/=shf{ (Trust Receipt Loan) e'QmfgL ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu k|lttkq vf]Nbfsf avt pNn]v
gul/Psf] cGo s'g} gofF shf{ :jLs[t u/L k|jfx ePdf .
-7_ Credit Card shf{ efvf gf3]sf] ldltn] gAa] lbgleq ckn]vg gePdf .
-8_ C0fLn] Pp6} ldlt jf cjlwsf] cnu cnu ljQLo ljj/0f k]z u/]sf] cj:yfdf .

l6Kk0fL M of] lgb]{zgsf] v08 -r_ sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu b'?kof]u eGgfn] k|of]hg v'nfO{ lnPsf] shf{ /sd
;DalGwt k|of]hgdf k|of]u gu/]sf], kl/of]hgf ;~rfngdf g/x]sf], ;DalGwt kl/of]hgfJoj;foaf6
cflh{t /sd C0f ltg{df gnufO{ cGo sfo{df k|of]u u/]sf], lg/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0fsf] qmddf ;'kl/j]Ifs,
n]vf k/LIf0fsf] qmddf n]vfkl/Ifsaf6 b'?kof]u ePsf] k|dfl0ft ePdf shf{ tyf ;'ljwfsf] b'?kof]u u/]sf]
;Demg' k5{ .
$= cfjlws shf{ ;DaGwL yk Joj:yf
-!_ ls:tfjGbLdf k|jfx ul/Psf cfjlws shf{x? (Term Loan) sf] xsdf ;fFjfsf] ls:tfn] efvf gf3]df
;Dk"0f{ jSof}tf shf{ /sdnfO{ g} ls:Tff /sdsf] efvf gf3]sf] cjlwsf] cfwf/df juL{s/0fug'{
kg]{5 .
t/, clwljsif{ (Overdraft) sf] sf/f]af/ ug]{ ;'ljwf gkfPsf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] k|bfg u/]sf]
cfjlws shf{sf] xsdf b]xfo adf]lhd shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf sfod ug'{kg]{5 .
-s_ ls:tf /sdn] ! jif{eGbf sd cjlwn] efvf gf3]sf] cj:yfdf To:tf] ls:tf /sdnfO{ dfq
v/fj shf{df juL{s/0fu/L shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf sfod ug'{kg]{5 . t/, Ohfhtkqk|fKt
;+:yfn] ;Dk"0f{ shf{ /sdnfO{ g} v/fj shf{df juL{s/0fug{ rfx]df of] Joj:yfn] afwf k'u]sf]
dflgg] 5}g .

86
 -v_ ls:tf /sdn] ! jif{eGbf j9L cjlwn] efvf gf3]sf] cj:yfdf ;Dk"0f{ shf{ /sdnfO{ g} v/fj
shf{df juL{s/0f u/L shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf sfod ug'{kg]{5 .
-@_ hnljB't kl/of]hgf, ljB't k|;f/0f nfOg -Transmission Line_ / s]jnsf/ lgdf{0f kl/of]hgf
shf{sf] xsdf s'g} ls:tfn] () lbgeGbf a9Ln] efvf gf3]df To:tf] ls:tf /sdnfO{ v/fj ju{df
juL{s/0f u/L ls:tfsf] ztk|ltzt shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf sfod ug'{ kg]{5 .
l6Kk0fLM o; bkmfsf] k|of]hgsf nflu cfjlws shf{ eGgfn] Ps jif{eGbf a9L e'QmfgL cjlw sfod u/L k|jfx
ul/Psf] shf{ ;fk6nfO{ ;Demg' kb{5 .
%= ;'grfFbL shf{ ;DaGwL yk Joj:yf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] b]xfosf Joj:yf tyf zt{x? k'/f u/L ;'grfFbL lwtf] /fvL shf{ k|bfg ug{ ;Sg]]
5g\ M
-s_ ;+:yfsf] shf{ gLltljlgodfjnLdf ;'grfFbL lwtf] lnO{ shf{ k|bfg ug{] Joj:yf pNn]v ePsf] x'g' kg]{,
-v_ ;+:yfn] ;'grfFbLsf] shf{ sf/f]af/ ug{' cufj} cfjZos ;'/Iff Joj:yf, ;'/If0fsf] d"Nof\sg Joj:yf,
9's'6L aLdf tyf hfFrsL ;DaGwL Joj:yf u/]sf] x'g' kg]{,
-u_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] s'g} JolQmnfO{ ;'grfFbL shf{ k|jfx ubf{ To:tf] C0fLn] lwtf]:j?k lbPsf]
;'g jf rfFbL hfFr u/L shf{ ;'/lIft /x]sf] olsg u/]/ dfq shf{ k|jfx ug{' kg]{5 . o;/L shf{ k|jfx
ubf{ C0fLn] lwtf] :j?k lbPsf] ;'g jf rfFbL Pp6} y}nLdf /flvPsf] x'g'kg]{5 . sy+sbflrt\ s'g}
C0fLn] lbPsf] PseGbf a9L y}nLx? jf PseGbf a9L y}nLx? /flvPsf] Pp6f y}nL dfq lwtf] /fvL jf
;'grfFbLsf] k/LIf0f hfFr gu/L ;'grfFbL shf{ k|jfx ePdf To:tf] shf{df ztk|ltzt shf{ gf]S;fgL
Joj:yf ug{' kg]{5 .
^= cf]e/8f6 ;Ldf gfg] u/L u|fxssf] vftfaf6 ;fFjf tyf Aofh c;'npk/ ug{ gkfOg]
cf]e/8f6 ;Ldf gfg] u/L u|fxssf] rNtL vftfaf6 cf]e/8g (Overdrawn) u/L shf{sf] ;fFjf tyf Aofh
c;'npk/ ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
u|fxssf] vftf vr{ u/L ;fFjf tyf Aofh c;'npk/ ubf{ vftf cf]e/8g (Overdrawn) eO{ lx;fj /fkm;fkm
gePsf] v08df o;/L c;'npk/ gePsf shf{x?df cf]e/8g u/]sf] ;fFjf /sd ;d]t aSof}tf shf{
/sddf ;dfj]z u/L To:tf shf{x? h'g ju{df kg]{ xf] ;f] eGbf Ps tx d'lgsf] ju{df ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
t/, o; Joj:yfn] u|fxssf] vftfdf /x]sf] df}Hbft vr{ u/L ;fFjf tyf Aofh c;'npk/ ug{ aGb]h
nufPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
&= u|]; cjlw ;DaGwL Joj:yf
;fdfGotof Ps jif{eGbf j9L u|]; cjlw /fvL cfjlws shf{ k|bfg ug{ kfOg] 5}g . ;f] eGbf a9L u|];
cjlw k|bfg ug'{kg]{ ePdf s] slt sf/0fn] / s'g s'g cfwf/df a9L u|]; cjlw sfod ug'{k/]sf] xf] ;f]sf]
Joxf]/f v'nfO{ shf{ :jLs[ltsf] ;dodfg} ;f] shf{ :jLs[t ug{ clVtof/ k|fKt clwsf/L eGbf Ps tx
dflyNnf] clwsf/Laf6 :jLs[t u/fpg' kg]{5 . o; k|of]hgsf] nflu ;aeGbf dflyNnf] :t/ ;~rfns ;ldlt
x'g]5 .
:ki6Ls/0fM u|]; cjlw eGgfn] shf{ k|jfx ldltb]lv shf{sf] ls:tf e'QmfgL ug{ z'? x'g] ldlt a'em\g' kg]{5 .
*= shf{sf] k'g/tflnsLs/0f / k'g/;+/rgf ;DaGwL Joj:yf
-!_ C0fLn] k]z u/]sf] lnlvt sfo{ of]hgfdf plNnlvt b]xfosf cfwf/x?df Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf
ljZj:t ePdf shf{x?nfO{ k'g/tflnsLs/0f jf k'g/;+/rgf ug{ ;Sg] 5 . shf{ k'g/tflnsLs/0f jf
k'g/;+/rgf ul/Psf :ki6 cfwf/x? k|To]s shf{ kmfOndf ;+nUg x'g' kg]{5 M
-s_ shf{ ;DaGwL sfuhft tyf ;'/If0fx? kof{Kt ePsf] k|df0f,
-v_ k'g/tflnsLs/0f jf k'g/;+/rgf ePsf shf{ c;'n x'g] ;Defjgfaf/] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf
ljZj;gLo ePsf] cfwf/x?, /
-u_ shf{nfO{ k'g/tflnsLs/0f jf k'g/;+/rgf ug{ lnlvt sfo{ of]hgf k]z x'g'sf cltl/Qm To:tf]
shf{ k'g/tflnsLs/0f jf k'g/;+/rgf ubf{sf] lbg;Dd kfs]sf] AofhdWo] c;'n x'g afFsL
Aofhsf] sDtLdf kRrL; k|ltzt Aofh /sd c;'npk/ ePsf] .

87
 -@_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf k|sflzt ?U0f pBf]usf] k'g:yf{kgf tyf pko'Qm lgsf;sf] nflu o;
a}+sn] hf/L u/]sf] ?U0f pBf]usf ;DaGwdf ljQLo If]qaf6 x'g;Sg] ;'ljwf ;DaGwL sfo{lalw, @)&)
-sfo{ljlw @=!_ adf]lhd x'g] u/L shf{ k'g/tflnsLs/0f jf k'g/;+/rgf ubf{ Go'gtd kRrL;
k|ltzt shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ pka'Fbf -!_ / -@_ adf]lhd juL{s/0ful/Psf shf{x?sf] ljj/0f 5'} tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
l6Kk0fLM * o; k|of]hgsf] nflu k'g/tflnsLs/0f eGgfn] u|fxsn] lnPsf] shf{;'ljwfsf] e'QmfgL ug]{
cjlw;do a9fpg] k|lqmofnfO{ ;Demg' k5{ .
* k'g/;+/rgf eGgfn] shf{;'ljwfsf] k|s[lt jf zt{df kl/jt{g ug]{, aGb]hx? yk36 ug]{ jf ;do
;Ldfdf x]/km]/ ug]{ k|lqmofnfO{ ;Demg' k5{ .
(= shf{ gf]S;fgL jfkt sfod ug'{ kg]{ Joj:yf
-!_ o; lgb]{zg adf]lhd juL{s/0f ul/Psf shf{ tyf laN; vl/bx?sf] nflu aSof}tf ;fFjf /sdsf]
cfwf/df b]xfo adf]lhd shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf sfod ug'{ kg]{5 M
shf{ juL{s/0f Go'gtd shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
-s_ c;n ! k|ltzt
-v_ ;'Id lgu/fgL (Watch List) % k|ltzt
-u_ sd;n @% k|ltzt
-3_ z+sf:kb %) k|ltzt
-_ v/fj !)) k|ltzt
;'Id lgu/fgL cGtu{t juL{s/0f ug{'kg]{ cfwf/s}lkmotx? ;'wf/ ePsf] cj:yfdf shf{df sfod
gf]S;fgL Joj:yfnfO{ ;dfof]hg u/L c;n ju{df juL{s/0f ug{ ;lsg] 5 .
-@_ k'g/;+/rgf jf k'g/tflnsLs/0f u/]sf] shf{sf] xsdf ;f] jfkt b]xfo adf]lhd shf{ gf]S;fgL
Joj:yf sfod ug'{ kg]{5 M
-s_ k'g/;+/rgf jf k'g/tflnsLs/0f ug]{ ;dodf c;n ju{df juL{s/0f e}/x]sf shf{x?nfO{
k'g/;+/rgf jf k'g/tflnsLs/0f ubf{ Go'gtd ;fF9] afx| -!@=%_ k|ltzt shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
ug'{ kg]{5 . sd;n, z+sf:kb tyf v/fj ju{df juL{s/0f e};s]sf shf{x?nfO{ k'g/;+/rgf jf
k'g/tflnsLs/0f ubf{ k'j{jt sfod ul/Psf] shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yfdf nuftf/ b'O{jif{;Dd
lgoldt ePsf] cj:yfdf afx]s s'g} ;dfof]hg ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
ls:tfjGbL jf ;d dfl;s ls:tf (Equal Monthly Installment, EMI) df k|bfg ul/Psf
shf{x?sf] xsdf shf{sf] ;fFjf tyf Aofh lgoldt /x]sf] cj:yfdf b]xfosf] To:tf] shf{sf]
nflu k'g/;+/rgf jf k'g/tflnsLs/0f ;/x yk shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf sfod ug{' kg]{5}g .
-c_ shf{sf] ls:tf clu|d e'StfgL ePsf] -Prepayment_ sf/0fn] ls:tfjGbLsf] /sd Pjd\
ls:tf ;+Vof sd ePdf .
-cf_ kl/jt{gzLn Aofhb/ ePsf shf{sf] Aofhb/ kl/jt{g ePsf] sf/0faf6 shf{sf]
;dofjlw tyf ls:tf /sd kl/jt{g ePdf . o; k|;Fudf Aofhb/ a9]/ shf{sf]
;dofjlw tyf ls:tf ;+Vof ylkg uPdf shf{ :jLs[t ug]{ ;dodf lgwf{/0f ul/Psf
ls:tf /sd 36fpg kfOg] 5}g . To:t}, Aofhb/ sd eO{ shf{sf] ;dofjlw tyf ls:tf
;+Vof 36\g uPdf klg shf{ :jLs[t ug]{ a]nfdf lgwf{l/t ls:tf /sd 36fpg kfOg]
5}g .
-v_ k'g/;+/rgf jf k'g/tflnsLs/0f ul/Psf shf{sf] ;fFjf ls:tf tyf Aofhsf] e'QmfgL nuftf/
b'O{ jif{;Dd lgoldt ePsf] cj:yfdf To:tf shf{x?nfO{ c;n shf{df kl/0ft ug{ ;lsg] 5 .
-u_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfaf6 shf{ k|jfx ePsf kl/of]hgfx?sf] Aofhdf j[l4, cGo nfutdf j[l4
jf pTkfbg Ifdtfdf j[l4 eO{ z'?df tf]lsPsf] shf{ e'Qmfg ug]{ cjlw -Repayment Schedule_
df shf{ r'Qmf ug{ ;Sg] l:ylt g/x]sf C0fLx?dWo] /fli6o k|fyldstfdf /x]sf xfO{8f]kfj/,
s]jnsf/, l;d]G6 jf cGo k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f ;DaGwL kl/of]hgfx?nfO{ b]xfosf zt{x? k'/f u/L

88
 k'g/tflnsLs/0fk'g/;+/rgf u/]sf] cj:yfdf ! k|ltzt dfq shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf sfod
ug{ ;lsg] 5 . o;/L k'g/tflnsLs/0fk'g/;+/rgf ul/Psf shf{x?nfO{ c;n shf{sf] ?kdf
juL{s/0f ug{ ;lsg] 5 .
-c_ kl/of]hgf lgliqmo geO{ ;~rfng d} /x]sf] jf ;~rfng z'? x'g] qmddf /x]sf] x'g'kg]{, /
-cf_ z'?df shf{ k|jfx ubf{ lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] u|]; -Moratorium_ cjlw eGbf kl5sf] cjlwdf
kfs]sf] Aofh k'FhLs[t u/L cfDbfgL afWg gkfOg] .
-3_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] s'v'/fkfng Joj;fosf nflu k|jfx u/]sf] shf{ a8{n' /f]usf
sf/0f ;fljssf] e'QmfgL tflnsf jf zt{ adf]lhd r'Qmf ug{ g;Sg] eO{ shf{ k'g/;+/rgf jf
k'g/tflnsLs/0f ug'{ k/]df Ps k6snfO{ C0fLsf] C0f ltg]{ lnlvt of]hgf, lwtf] ;'/If0fsf]
kof{Kttf / eljiodf C0f ltg{ ;Sg] Ifdtfsf cfwf/df k'g;+/rgf jf k'g/tflnsLs/0f u/]sf]
cj:yfdf ! k|ltzt dfq shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf sfod ug{ ;Sg] u/L
k'g/tflnsLs/0fk'g/;+/rgf ug{ ;lsg] 5 . o;/L k'g/tflnsLs/0fk'g/;+/rgf ul/Psf
shf{x?nfO{ c;n shf{sf] ?kdf juL{s/0f ug{ ;lsg] 5 .
-_ ;]o/sf] lwtf]df k|bfg u/]sf] shf{x?nfO{ k'g/;+/rgf jf k'g/tflnsLs/0f ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
-#_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] k|jfx u/]sf] shf{ lgIf]k tyf shf{ ;'/If0f sf]ifaf6
;'/If0f u/fPsf] jf aLdf u/fPsf] cj:yfdf To:tf] ;'/If0f u/]sf] shf{sf] nflu ug'{ kg]{ shf{
gf]S;fgL Joj:yf -Loan Loss Provision_ df &% k|ltzt 5'6 lbO{ afFsL @% k|ltzt dfq Joj:yf
u/] k'Ug] 5 .
-$_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] z'? ;]o/ lgisfzg -Initial Public Offering - IPO_ x'Fbfsf] cj:yfdf
;]o/ vl/bsf nflu a'emfOg] cfj]bgsf] cw{sLsf] ;'/If0fdf o; lgb]{zgsf] a'Fbf g+= !% df ePsf]
Joj:yf ljkl/t s'g} lsl;dsf] shf{ k|jfx ug{ kfOg] 5}g . To:tf] shf{ k|jfx u/]sf] xsdf ;DalGwt
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] zt k|ltzt shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf sfod ug'{ kg]{5 .
-%_ JolQmut;+:yfut hdfgLdf shf{ k|bfg ubf{ C0fLsf] JolQmut hdfgL /sd a/fa/sf] cGo s;}sf]
bfjL gnfUg] ;DklQsf] laj/0f clgjfo{ ?kdf lng' kg]{5 . JolQmut;+:yfut hdfgLdf dfq} k|jflxt
shf{nfO{ klg pk/f]Qmfg';f/ juL{s/0f u/L c;n, sd;n / z+sf:kb shf{df kg]{ eP ;f] ju{df
tf]lsPsf] k|ltztsf] cltl/Qm aL; k|ltzt yk u/L shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf sfod ug'{ kg]{5 . cGo
rn, crn ;DklQsf] ;'/If0fn] gvfDg] eO{ yk ;'/If0f jfkt JolQmut;+:yfut hdfgt ;d]t lnO{
shf{ k|jfx u/]sf] cj:yfdf ;'/If0fn] gvfd]sf] shf{df ;d]t cltl/Qm aL; k|ltzt shf{ gf]S;fgL
Joj:yf ug'{kg]{5 .
t/, JolQmut;+:yfut hdfgLdf k|jfx ePsf b]xfosf shf{x?df yk shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf sfod
ug{ clgjfo{ x'g] 5}gM
-s_ qm]l86 sf8{ shf{ .
-v_ O=k|f= lgb]{zg g+= # sf] a'Fbf g+= # sf] v08 -v_ df plNnlvt ;+:yfx?nfO{ k|bfg u/]sf] shf{ .
-u_ b]xfosf zt{x?sf] kfngf x'g] u/L k|jfx ePsf] ? !% nfv;Ddsf] JolQmut shf{ .
-c_ Ohfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yfsf] shf{ gLltdf o; lsl;dsf shf{ k|jfx, cg'udg tyf c;'nL
;DaGwdf :ki6 pNn]v u/]sf] x'g'kg]{ .
-cf_ o; lsl;dsf shf{ k|jfxsf nflu Ohfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns ;ldltaf6 5'6\6}
k|f]8S6 k]k/ :jLs[t u/fO{ nfu' u/]sf] x'g' kg]{ / shf{ k|jfx ubf{ k|f]8S6 k]k/ k"0f{ kfngf
u/]sf] x'g'kg]{ .
-O_ C0fLsf] cfDbfgLsf] ;|f]tn] shf{ e'QmfgL ug{ ;Sg] :ki6 cfwf/ x'g'kg]{ . To:tf]
cfDbfgLsf] ;|f]t C0fLsf] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfdf /x]sf] vftfaf6 osLg u/]sf] x'g'kg]{ .
;fy}, C0fLn] clgjfo{?kdf :yfoL n]vf gDa/ (PAN) lnPsf] x'g'kg]{ .
-O{_ ;d dfl;s ls:tf -Equal Monthly Installment_ df shf{ e'QmfgL x'g] u/L e'QmfgL
tflnsf to x'g'kg]{ / o:tf] shf{sf] clwstd ;dofjlw % jif{ ;Dd dfq x'g] .
-p_ o:tf] shf{ s'n shf{sf] % k|ltzteGbf a9L k|jfx ug{ gkfO{g] .

89
 -3_ v08 -s_ / -u_ adf]lhdsf shf{x? gAa] lbg eGbf a9L cjlwn] efsf gf3]df v/fa ju{df
juL{s/0f u/L zt k|ltzt shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf sfod ug'{kg]{ .
-_ o:tf shf{x?sf] ljj/0f 5'} tof/ ug'{kg]{ 5 .
-^_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] b]xfosf] cj:yfdf afx]s t];|f] kIfsf] lwtf]df dfq} k|jflxt shf{nfO{ o;
lgb]{zg adf]lhd juL{s/0f u/L c;n, sd;n / z+sf:kb shf{df kg]{ eP ;f] ju{df tf]lsPsf]
k|ltztsf] cltl/Qm aL; k|ltzt yk shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf sfod ug'{ kg]{5 . C0fLsf]
cGo;DklQsf] ;'/If0fn] gvfDg] eO{ yk ;'/If0f jfkt t];|f] kIfsf] lwtf] ;d]t lnO{ shf{ k|jfx u/]sf]
cj:yfdf ;d]t dfly pNn]v eP adf]lhd shf{sf] nflu yk Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 . o:tf shf{x?sf]
juL{s/0f ljj/0f 5'} tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
-c_ C0fL JolQm ePdf lghsf] Psf3/ kl/jf/sf ;b:osf] gfddf ePsf] lwtf] .
-cf_ C0fL kmd{ ePdf ;f] kmd{sf] k|f]k|fO6/, ;fem]bf/ jf lghsf] Psf3/ kl/jf/sf ;b:osf] gfddf
ePsf] lwtf] .
-O_ C0fL sDkgL ePdf ;f] sDkgLsf ;+:yfks, ;~rfns jf lghsf] Psf3/ kl/jf/sf ;b:osf]
gfddf ePsf] lwtf] .
t/ o; cl3 -kl/kq hf/L ldlt @)^(.#.@(_ k|jflxt shf{sf] xsdf @)&! c;f/ d;fGt;Dd jf
cfjlws shf{sf] xsdf clGtd ls:tf e'QmfgL cjlw;Dd o:tf] yk shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf ug{ jfWo
x'g] 5}g .
-&_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] JolQmut hdfgLdf k|jfx eO/x]sf] lzIff shf{ tyf n3' ljQLo ;+:yf
Pjd\ ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?nfO{ ljkGg ju{ shf{ cGtu{t nufgL u/]sf] shf{df dfly pka'Fbf -%_ adf]lhd
tf]lsPsf] shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yfdf cltl/Qm jL; k|ltzt yk shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5}g .
-*_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] rfx]df dflyNnf] ju{sf] shf{ ;fk6x?nfO{ tNnf] ju{df juL{s/0f ug{ s'g}
aGb]h nufOPsf] 5}g . pbfx/0fsf nflu sd;n shf{nfO{ z+sf:kb jf v/fa shf{df / z+sf:kbnfO{
v/fj shf{df juL{s/0f ug{ kfOg] 5 .
-(_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfgf] shf{sf] l:ylt x]/L o; lgb]{zgdf tf]lsPsf] Go'gtd shf{ gf]S;fgL
Joj:yfsf] cltl/Qm yk shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf sfod ug{ rfx]df To;/L yk shf{ gf]S;fgL ul/Psf
shf{ vftfx? :ki6 v'nfpg' kg]{5 .
-!)_ shf{;fk6 eGgfn] laN; vl/b tyf l8:sfp06 ;d]tnfO{ ;Demg' kg]{5 .
l6Kk0fLM ;lqmo shf{sf] nflu ul/Psf] shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yfnfO{ ;fdfGo shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
(General Loan Loss Provision) / lgliqmo shf{sf] nflu ul/Psf] shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yfnfO{
ljz]if shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf (Specific Loan Loss Provision) sf] ?kdf lnOg]] 5 .
!)= shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yfnfO{ ;dfof]hg ug{ kfpg] cj:yfM shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yfnfO{ b]xfosf] cj:yf afx]s
;dfof]hg ug{ kfOg] 5}g M
-s_ shf{ ckn]vg ePdf,
-v_ shf{sf] e'QmfgL ls:tfjGbL jf cf+lzs ?kdf ePdf shf{ juL{s/0f cg'?ksf] shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
sfod ubf{ e'QmfgL ePsf] xb;Ddsf] shf{ jfkt ul/Psf] shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf,
-u_ k'g/;+/rgf jf k'g/tflnsLs/0f ul/Psf shf{sf] ;fFjf tyf Aofhsf] e'QmfgL nuftf/ b'O{ jif{;Dd
lgoldt ePdf /
-3_ shf{ r'Qmf ePdf .
!!= u}/ a}+ls ;DklQsf] gf]S;fgL Joj:yf / lnnfd laqmL ;DaGwdf
-!_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] ;sf/ u/]sf] u}/ a}+ls ;DklQdf ;sf/ u/]s} ldltb]lv zt k|ltzt
gf]S;fgL Joj:yf sfod ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ u}/ a}+ls ;DklQ laqmL ePsf] cj:yfdf tTsfn To:tf] ;DklQsf nflu v8f ul/Psf] gf]S;fgL
Joj:yfsf] cfjZos lx;fjldnfg ug{' kg]{5 .

90
 -#_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] lwtf] ;'/If0fnfO{ u}/ a}+ls+ ;DklQsf] ?kdf ;sf/ ubf{ tyf ;sf/ u/]sf] u}/
a}+ls+ ;DklQ lnnfd laqmL ug]{ ;DaGwdf b]xfo adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{5 M
-s_ ?= @% nfveGbf a9L shf{ /sd aSof}tf /x]sf] u|fxssf] ;'/If0f ;DklQnfO{ u}/ a}+ls ;DklQsf]
?kdf ;sf/ ubf{ ;DalGwt kIfnfO{ clgjfo{?kdf sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 . t/, ?= @%
nfv ;Ddsf] shf{sf] xsdf ;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] g} lg0f{o u/L sfnf];"rLdf
;dfj]z ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-v_ cfgf] ;+:yfsf] gfddf /x]sf] u}/ a}+ls ;DklQsf] lnnfd ug'{k'j{ :jtGq d"Nofgstf{af6
oyfy{k/s d"Nofg u/fpg' kg]{5 .
-u_ lwtf] ;'/If0fu}/ a}+ls+ ;DklQ lnnfd ;DaGwdf Ohfhtk|fKt ;+:yfn] kf/bzL{ / :ki6
Joj:yf u/L a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] lxt ;+/If0f x'g] u/L laqmL ug'{ kg]{5 .
-3_ o;/L u}/ a}+ls ;DklQ ;sf/ u/L ln+bf lnnfd x'g g;s]sf] ;'/If0f jfkt /flvPsf] ;Dk"0f{
;DklQnfO{ g} lng' kg]{5, cf+lzs ?kdf dfq lng kfOg] 5}g .
-_ o;/L ;sf/ u/L lnPsf] ;DklQnfO{ oyf;Dej l56f] laqmL ug'{ kg]{5 . Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf]
cfg} k|of]hgnfO{ cfjZos ePdf ;f] sf] pkof]usf nflu ;~rfns ;ldltaf6 :jLs[t u/fO{ o;
a}+snfO{ ;d]t hfgsf/L u/fpg' kg]{5 .
-r_ u}/ a}+ls ;DklQsf] ?kdf a}+sljQLo ;+:yfn] ;sf/ u/]sf] ;DklQ lwtf] ;'/If0f wgL -u}/ a}+ls
;DklQdf cfpg' cl3sf] wgL_ nfO{ lkmtf{ ubf{ u}/ a}+ls;DklQ n]vf+sg ubf{sf] d"Nodf g36\g]
u/L ;DalGwt ;+:yf / ;DalGwt ;'/If0f wgLaLrsf] cfk;L jftf{f/f ;DalGwt ;'/If0f wgLnfO{
dfq lwtf];'/If0f lkmtf{ ug{ eg] of] lgb]{zgn] afwf k'ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
!@= Credit Sale /Purchase/Re-purchase tyf Takeover ;DaGwL Joj:yf
!= o; a}+sn] tf]s]sf] k'FhLsf]if kof{Kt gePsf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] o; a}+ssf] k'j{ :jLs[lt glnO{
cGo s'g} klg a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?af6 s'g} lsl;dsf] C0f, shf{ cflb vl/b u/L lng,
Discount u/L lng tyf Credit Sale/Purchase/Re-purchase / Takeover (CS,CP,RP & TO) ug{
kfpg] 5}g .
@= o; a}+sn] tf]s]sf] k'FhLsf]if kof{Kt ePsf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] CS, CP, RP & TO ubf{
b]xfosf zt{ aGb]hsf] clwgdf /xL ug{ ;Sg] 5g\ .
-s_ a}+sljQLo ;+:yfn] CS, CP, RP & TO u/L lng' cl3sf] cj:yfdf ;d]t o; a}+sn] tf]s]sf]
k'FhLsf]if sfod u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 .
-v_ CS CP, RP & TO u/L lng]lbg] ;DaGwdf a}+sljQLo ;+:yfn] cfgf] shf{ gLltdf :ki6
Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 . cGoyf To:tf] sf/f]af/ ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
-u_ cfly{s jif{sf] clGtd dlxgfdf CS, CP, RP & TO ;DaGwL sfo{ ug{ kfO{g] 5}g .
-3_ shf{ vl/b (Credit Purchase) ubf{ ;f] shf{ u|fxsaf6 c;'npk/ ug{ ;Sg] clwsf/ vl/b
ug]{n] lng' kg]{5 . ;f] sfo{sf] nflu ;DalGwt u|fxssf] ;xdlt ;d]t lng' kg]{5 .
-c_ shf{ vl/b u/L lng]n] ;f] vl/b u/]sf] shf{nfO{ cfgf] lx;fadf ;DalGwt zLif{ssf]
shf{ ;fk6 pkzLif{sdf n]vfg ug'{ kg]{5 .
-cf_ shf{sf] zt{ / cj:yfsf] lj:t[t ljj/0f lnP/ dfq shf{ vl/b ug'{ kg]{5 .
-O_ shf{ vl/b u/L lng] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] ;DalGwt C0fLn] shf{ lnPsf] ldlt,
shf{sf] lsl;d, e'QmfgL cj:yf, ljutsf] shf{ sf/f]af/sf] cj:yf, hdfgtstf{sf]
x}l;ot, shf{ juL{s/0fsf] l:ylt cflb ljj/0fx? lnlvt ?kdf lng' kg]{5 .
-O{_ shf{ vl/b ug]{ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] shf{ juL{s/0fsf] ljBdfg Joj:yf tyf shf{
gf]S;fgL Joj:yf adf]lhdsf] shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf sfod ug'{ kg]{5 .
-p_ shf{ vl/b u/L ln+bf o:tf] shf{ ;'/lIft /x]sf] tyf ;+:yfnfO{ kmfObfhgs ePgePsf]
af/] olsg x'g] cfwf/ v'Ng] sfuhftx? ;DalGwt shf{ kmfOndf cBfjlws ug'{ kg]{5 .

91
 -pm_ shf{ gLltdf shf{ vl/b ;DaGwL Joj:yf /x]sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] dfq shf{
vl/b u/L lnglbg ;Sg] 5g\ .
-_ CS, CP, RP & TO sf/f]af/sf] cw{jflif{s ljj/0f cw{jflif{s cjlw ;dfKt ePsf] ldltn] !%
lbgleq o; a}+ssf] ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf k7fpg' kg]{5 .
#= a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] o;/L shf{ vl/blaqmL (Purchase and Sale) ubf{ sy+sbflrt
vl/bstf{ ;+:yfn] shf{ p7fpg g;s]df ;f] shf{ k'gM cfkmF}n] vl/b ug]{ (Credit Repurchase) zt{
/x]sf] cj:yfdf laqmLstf{ ;+:yfn] To:tf] shf{ Repurchase gu?~h]n Contingent Liability sf]
?kdf cfgf] ljQLo ljj/0fsf] ;Defljt bfloTj / n]vf ;DaGwL l6Kk0fLsf] cg';'rLdf b]vfpg'kg]{ /
o:tf] Contingent Liability nfO{ k'FhLsf]if u0fgf ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu !)) k|ltzt dfq hf]lvd ef/
k|bfg ug'{ kg]{5 .
$= s'g} a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?aLr cGt/ a}+s sf/f]af/ cGtu{t lbPsf] ;fk6L jf csf]{ a}+s jf ljQLo
;+:yfdf /fv]sf] lgIf]k ;dodf c;'n pk/ x'g g;s]sf] cj:yfdf To:tf] ;fk6L jf lgIf]ksf] ;fFjf
tyf Aofh c;'n pk/ ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu ;fk6L jf lgIf]k lng] ;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn]
k|jfx u/]sf] shf{ vl/b ug{ OR5's ;fk6L lbg] jf lgIf]k /fVg] a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] ;DalGwt
u|fxssf] ;xdltdf o; a}+ssf] k'j{ :jLs[lt lnO{ b]xfosf k|lqmof cjnDag u/L shf{ vl/b ug{ ;Sg]
5M
-s_ shf{ vl/b ubf{ s'n c;'n pk/ ug{ afFsL ;fFjf tyf Aofh /sdsf] bf]Jj/ eGbf sd gx'g]
u/L shf{ vl/b ug{' kg]{5 .
-v_ shf{ vl/b ug]{ / shf{ laqmL ug]{ ;+:yf aLr cfk;L ;dembf/Ldf oyfl:yltdf shf{ vl/b
tyf laqmL ug'{ kg]{5 .
-u_ shf{ vl/b ubf{ cf+lzs e'QmfgL ug{] u/L s'g} lsl;dn] shf{ vl/b ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
!#= ljQLo hdfgtsf] cfwf/df shf{ lbg tyf lgIf]k :jLsf/ ug{ gkfpg] ;DaGwL Joj:yf
:jb]zdf :yfkgf eO{ ;~rfngdf /x]sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] hf/L u/]sf] ljQLo hdfgt (Financial
Guarantee) sf cfwf/df s'g} klg a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] shf{/;'ljwf lbg tyf lgIf]k :jLsf/ ug{
kfpg] 5}g .
!$= lgIf]k /fVg tyf shf{sf] sf/f]af/ ug{] ;DaGwdf
!= Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)&# afx]s cGo
k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd art kl/rfng tyf shf{sf] sf/f]af/ ul//x]sf ;+:yfx?df lgIf]k /fVg tyf
shf{sf] sf/f]af/ ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
@= a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)&# afx]s cGo k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd art kl/rfng tyf
shf{sf] sf/f]af/ ul//x]sf ;+:yfx?n] o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfdf lgIf]k
/fVg / lgIf]k /l;bsf] lwtf]df shf{ lng pko{'Qm pka'Fbf ! sf] Joj:yfn] afwf k'Ug]5}g . t/, o;/L
lgIf]k /l;bsf] lwtf]df shf{ lb+bf h'g a}+sljQLo ;+:yfdf lgIf]k /fv]sf] xf] ;f]xL a}+sljQLo
;+:yfaf6 dfq To:tf] shf{ k|bfg ug'{ kg]{5 . cfgf] lgIf]k /l;b /x]sf] ;+:yf afx]s cGo a}+sljQLo
;+:yfaf6 o; cl3 k|jflxt shf{sf] xsdf e'QmfgL ldlt -Maturity Date_ kZrft gjLs/0f u/L
shf{ k|jfx ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
#= Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] lgIf]k /l;b -Deposit Receipt_ sf] lwtf]df shf{ k|jfx ubf{
c+lst Aofhb/ -Coupon Rate_ eGbf sd Aofhb/ gx'g] u/L ;+:yfsf] shf{ gLlt lgb]{lzsfsf]
kl/lwleq /x]/ shf{;fk6 pknAw u/fpg ;Sg]5g\ . t/, g]kfn ;/sf/n] hf/L u/]sf]
C0fkq;'/If0fkqsf] lwtf]df shf{ k|jfx ubf{ plNnlvt Joj:yf nfu" x'g] 5}g .
$= Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] s'g} klg JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL / cGo ;+ul7t ;+3
;+:yfx?af6 s'g} klg k|sf/sf] lgIf]k :jLsf/ ubf{ To:tf] lgIf]kdf lbOg] c+lst Aofhb/ -Coupon
Rate_ afx]s cGo s'g} klg k|sf/sf] z'Nssld;g jf o:t} cGo zLif{saf6 a}+s tyf ljQLo
;+:yfnfO{ Jooef/ kg]{ s'g} k|sf/sf] cfly{s ;'ljwf lbg kfOg] 5}g .

92
!%= ;fj{hlgs ;]o/ lgisfzgdf nufgL ug{sf nflu shf{ k|bfg ug]{ ;DaGwdf
klAns lnld6]8 sDkgLn] ;j{;fwf/0fdf ;fj{hlgs ;]o/ lgisf;g -Initial/Further Public Offering,
IPO/FPO) sf]] nflu ;]o/ laqmL v'Nnf u/]sf] klxnf]] ;ft sfo{lbg;Dd a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] To:tf]
;]o/ vl/b ug]{ k|of]hgsf nflu s'g} klg lsl;dsf] shf{ ;'ljwf k|bfg ug{ kfpg] 5}g . t/, To;/L cfXjfg
u/]sf] klxnf] ;ft sfo{lbg ;Dddf klg dfu u/] adf]lhdsf] ;]o/sf nflu cfj]bg gk/]df -Fully
Subscribe gePdf_ ;f]sf] cf7f}F sfo{ lbgb]lv b]xfo adf]lhdsf zt{x?sf] clwgdf /xL IPO/FPO sf nflu
shf{ k|bfg ug{ ;Sg] 5g\ .
s= IPO/FPO sf] sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug{ lgo'Qm ePsf] lgisfzg k|aGws -Issue Manager) o; a}+ssf]
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;xfos sDkgL ePdf ;f] ;+:yfn] s'g} klg JolQmkmd{sDkgLnfO{
IPO/FPO sf nflu shf{ k|bfg ug{ kfpg] 5}g .
v= a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] IPO/FPO df nufgL ug]{ nufgLstf{x?nfO{ k|bfg ug]{ shf{sf] sDtLdf %)
k|ltzt gub dflh{g /fv]/ dfq shf{ k|bfg ug'{ kg]{5 .
u= o;/L k|bfg ul/Psf] shf{sf] e'QmfgL cjlw a9Ldf lwtf]kq P]g, lgodfjnL / lwtf]kq;Fu ;DalGwt
lgod adf]lhd ;]o/ afF8kmfF8 u/L /sd lkmtf{ ug]{ cjlw;Dd x'g]5 . o:tf] shf{sf] k'g/;+/rgf /
k'g/tflnsLs/0f ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
3= o:tf] shf{ k|jfx ubf{ klg cGo shf{ k|bfg ubf{ cjnDag ug'{kg]{ ;Dk"0f{ k|lqmof k'/f u/]sf] x'g'
kg]{5 .
= o:f/L k|jfx ePsf] shf{ c;n shf{df /x]sf] cj:yf afx]s cGo cj:yfdf zt k|ltzt shf{
gf]S;fgL Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 .
!^= Margin Lending k|s[ltsf] ;]o/ ;'/If0f /fvL k|jfx x'g] shf{sf ;DaGwdf
-s_ lwtf]kq ljlgdo ahf/df ;'rLs[t ;+:yfx?sf] ;]o/sf] lwtf]df a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfaf6 k|jfx x'g]
Margin Lending k|s[ltsf]] shf{sf ;DaGwdf b]xfosf zt{x? kfngf u/]/ dfq ;f] cg';f/sf] shf{
k|bfg ug{ ;lsg] 5 .
-!_ o;/L k|jfx x'g] shf{sf] xsdf ;'/If0f afkt /flvg] ;]o/sf] d"Nofg ubf{ g]kfn lwtf]kq
ljlgdo ahf/ lnld6]8af6 k|sflzt kl5Nnf] !*) sfo{ lbgsf] clGtd d"Nosf] cf};t d'No jf
;]o/sf] k|rlnt ahf/ d"NodWo] h'g sd x'G5, ;f] /sdsf] a9Ldf %) k|ltzt /sd;Dd dfq
;]o/ lwtf] shf{ k|jfx ug{ ;lsg] 5 . Psk6s k|jfx ul/;s]sf] o:tf] shf{sf] ;'/If0fdf /x]sf]
;]o/sf] k'g/d"Nofg u/L ;f]sf] cfwf/df yk shf{ ;Ldf sfod ug{ jf yk shf{ k|bfg ug{
kfOg] 5}g .
-@_ Margin Call ;DaGwL Joj:yf M
-s_ ;]o/sf] ahf/ d"Nodf x'g] kl/jt{gsf] sf/0fn] Margin Call ug{' k/]df ;DalGwt a}+s
tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] ;f] sf] d'No cg'udg u/L a9Ldf & lbgleqdf lgb]{lzt ;Ldfleq
Nofpg C0fL u|fxsnfO{ ;"lrt u/L Margin Call ug{' kg]{5 .
t/, ;'/If0fdf /flvPsf] ;]o/sf] d"Nodf !) k|ltzt;Ddn] 36]sf] cj:yfdf
Margin Call ug{ afWo x'g] 5}g . ;fy}, ;'/If0fdf /flvPsf] ;]o/sf] d'No s'n shf{
aSof}tf /sdsf] 8]9 u'0ff eGbf a9L ePsf] cj:yfdf o:tf] Margin Call ug'{ kg]{5}g .
-v_ v08 -s_ adf]lhd ;'rgf hf/L u/]kl5 ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] Margin Call
u/]sf] ldltn] #% lbgleq ;DalGwt C0fLu|fxsaf6 Margin jfktsf] /sd hDdf u/fO{
;Sg' kg]{5 .
-u_ v08 -v_ cg'?k gePdf To;kl5sf] & lbgleqdf To;/L ;'/If0f /flvPsf] ;]o/ lwtf]kq
ljlgdo ahf/ dfkm{t\ laqmL u/L shf{ c;'npk/ ul/;Sg' kg]{5 .
-3_ v08 -u_ cg'?k c;'npk/ gePdf To:tf] shf{sf] nflu ztk|ltzt shf{ gf]S;fgL
Joj:yf sfod ug'{ kg]{5 .

93
 -#_ o;/L k|jfx ePsf] shf{sf] cjlw Ps jif{eGbf a9L x'g] 5}g . ;]o/ lwtf] shf{ -Margin type
Lending_ pkef]u ul//x]sf C0fLn] cfkm"n] lnPsf] shf{sf] ;Dk"0f{ aSof}tf Aofh e'QmfgL u/L
shf{ lgoldt /x]sf] cj:yfdf To:tf] shf{ gjLs/0f ug{ ;lsg] 5 .
t/, cGo k|of]hgsf] nflu k|jfx ePsf] shf{sf] nflu yk ;'/If0f:j?k C0fLn] lbPsf] ;]o/
lwtf]sf] xsdf of] Joj:yf nfu" x'g] 5}g . ;DalGwt a}+sljQLo ;+:yfn] shf{ k|of]hgsf
;DaGwdf cfjZos ;'rgf, tYof+s / ljj/0f ;DalGwt shf{ kmfOndf cBfjlws u/]sf] x'g'
kg]{5 . ;f] ;DaGwdf yk lwtf] ;'/If0f:j?k lnOg] To:tf] ;]o/, cltl/Qm lwtf]sf] ?kdf dfq
/xg] 5 .
-$_ b]xfosf cj:yfdf /x]sf ;+:yfx?sf] ;]o/sf] lwtf]df shf{ k|bfg ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
-s_ o; a}+saf6 ;d:ofu|:t 3f]if0ff ePsf jf lgb]{zg adf]lhd k'FhL sf]if cg'kft sfod gu/]sf
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?
-v_ g]6jy{ C0ffTds ePsf ;+:yfx?,
-u_ g]kfn lwtf]kq ljlgdo ahf/ lnld6]8n] ;"rLs/0faf6 x6fPsf (Delisted) ;+:yfx?,
-3_ cfly{s jif{ ;dfKt ePsf] Ps jif{ cjlw k'/f x'Fbf ;d]t clGtd n]vfk/LIf0f gug]{
;+:yfx?,
-%_ lwtf]kq ljlgdo ahf/df ;"lrs[t ;+:yfx?sf] ;]o/sf] lwtf]df shf{ k|bfg ug]{ ;DaGwdf a}+s
tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] cfgf] shf{ gLltlgb]{lzsfdf :ki6 Joj:yf eO{ cGo shf{ k|bfg u/]
;/x cjnDag ug'{ kg]{ ;Dk"0f{ k|ls|of k'/f u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 .
-^_ o:f/L k|jfx ePsf] shf{ c;n shf{df /x]sf] cj:yfdf afx]s cGo cj:yfdf zt k|ltzt
shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf sfod ug'{ kg]{5 .
-&_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] j9Ldf cfgf] k|fylds k'FhL (Core Capital) a/fa/sf] /sd;Dd
dfq o; k|s[ltsf] shf{ k|jfx ug{ ;Sg]5 . ;fy}, o;/L shf{ k|bfg ubf{ a}+s tyf ljQLo
;+:yfn] Pp6f ;'rLs[t sDkgLsf] ;]o/sf] xsdf cfgf] k|fylds k'FhL (Core Capital) sf]
a9Ldf @% k|ltztdf ggfg] u/L dfq shf{ k|jfx ug'{ kg]{5 .
o; k|of]hgsf] nflu k|fylds k'FhL (Core Capital) eGgfn] 7Ls cl3Nnf] qodf;sf] cfGtl/s
n]vfk/LIf0f ePsf] ljQLo ljj/0fsf] cfwf/df sfod x'g cfPsf] k|fylds k'FhL ;Demg' kb{5 .
-*_ ljutdf cfgf] k|fylds k'FhL (Core Capital) eGbf a9L shf{ k|bfg u/]sf a}+s tyf ljQLo
;+:yfn] lgwf{l/t ;Ldfdf gcfP;Dd o:tf] k|s[ltsf] yk shf{ k|jfx ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
-(_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] o:tf] shf{ k|jfx ubf{ ef}lts z]o/sf] xsdf ;Ssn k|df0fkq lwtf]
/fv]/ / cef}lts z]o/sf] xsdf k|rlnt Joj:yf adf]lhd lwtf] aGwsL ePsf] k|df0f lnP/
shf{ k|bfg ug'{ kg]{5 .
t/, a|f]s/n] hdfgt lbg] ;DaGwL k|lqmof af/]df g]kfn lwtf]kq jf]8{ / g]kfn lwtf]kq ljlgdo
ahf/ ln= n] cfjZos Joj:yf u/]sf] cfwf/df z]o/sf] ;Ssn} k|df0fkq k|fKt gePsf]
cj:yfdf klg a|f]s/sf] hdfgt / z]o/ vl/bljqmL /l;bsf cfwf/df cfjZos dflh{g sfod
u/L a9Ldf Ps jif{sf] nflu shf{ k|bfg ug{ o; Joj:yfn] afwf k'ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g . o:tf]
shf{af6 ;[hgf x'g ;Sg] hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fsf] nflu Ohfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yfn] pko'Qm Joj:yf
ldnfpg' kg]{5 .
-v_ a+}s tyf ljQLo ;+:Yffx?n]] lwtf] ;'/If0f lnPsf ;]o/sf ;DaGwdf M
!= a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] lwtf] ;'/If0f lnPsf Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf]
;]o/ ;sf/ u/L shf{ c;'nL ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
@= o; cl3 Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;]o/ ;sf/ u/L shf{ c;'nL u/]sf] ePdf
;sf/ ul/Psf ;]o/x? clgjfo{ ?kn] laqmL ug{' kg]{5 . ljz]if sf/0fjz laqmL x'g g;sL
afFsL /x]sf ;]o/x?sf] xsdf ;]o/ ;sf/ u/]sf] d'No a/fa/n] x'g cfpg] /sdsf] zt k|ltzt
gf]S;fgL Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 .

94
!&= ;+:yfks ;]o/ lwtf]aGws /fvL shf{ k|jfx ug{] ;DaGwdf
b]xfosf zt{x? k'/f u/L a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] ;+:yfks ;]o/ lwtf]aGws /fvL shf{ k|jfx ug{ ;lsg]5 .
-s_ ;+:yfks ;]o/ lwtf] /fvL shf{ k|jfx ubf{ cfO{kg]{ hf]lvd lgoGq0f Pjd\ Joj:yfkg ug{] cfjZos
pkfox? cjnDag ug'{ kg]{5 .
-v_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ! k|ltzt eGbf a9L ;+:yfks ;]o/ wf/0f u/]sf
;+:yfks;+:yfks ;d'xsf ;]o/wgLxn] cfkm"n] wf/0f u/]sf] ;+:yfks ;]o/dWo] %) k|ltzt eGbf
a9L ;]o/ lwtf] /fvL shf{ lng kfpg] 5}gg\ . o;k'j{ ;f] ;LdfeGbf a9L ;]o/ lwtf] /fvL shf{
pkof]u ul//x]sfsf] xsdf pQm shf{sf] e'QmfgL ldlt jf @)^* c;f/ d;fGtdWo] h'g klxn] x'G5,
;f] ;doleq tf]lsPsf] ;Ldfdf NofO;Sg' kg]{5 . lwtf] /f]Ssf u/L clen]v /fVg] j}+s jf ljQLo
;+:yfn] o; Joj:yfsf] kfngf x'g] ul/dfq lwtf] /f]Ssf /fVg'kg]{5 .
-u_ ;+:yfks ;]o/sf] lwtf]df shf{ k|jfx ug]{ k|of]hgsf nflu ;'/If0f afkt /flvg] ;]o/sf] d"Nofg ubf{
;fwf/0f ;]o/sf] +kl5Nnf] !*) sfo{ lbgsf] cf};t d"Nosf] a9Ldf %) k|ltzt d'No jf ;+:yfks
;]o/sf] clGtd sf/f]af/sf] d"NodWo] h'g sd x'G5, ;f]sf] cfwf/df d'No sfod ug'{ kg]{5 . o;/L
sfod ul/Psf] d"Nosf] a9Ldf %) k|ltzt /sd;Dd dfq shf{ lbg ;lsg] 5 . Psk6s k|jfx
ul/;s]sf] o:tf] shf{sf] ;'/If0fdf /x]sf] ;]o/sf] k'g/d"Nofg u/L ;f] sf] cfwf/df yk shf{ ;Ldf
sfod ug{ jf yk shf{ k|bfg ug{ kfOg] 5}g . t/, ahf/ d'No sd eO{ shf{ c;'/lIft ePsf]
cj:yfdf yk ;'/If0fsf] Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 .
-3_ ;+:yfks ;]o/ lwtf]aGws /fvL shf{ k|jfx ubf{ To:tf] ;]o/nfO{ u}/ a}+ls ;DklQ (Non-Banking
Asset) df n}hfg kfO{g] 5}g / o;/L lwtf]jGws /flvPsf] ;+:yfks ;]o/ e'QmfgL cjlw gf3]sf] ^
dlxgfleq k|rlnt sfg'g / o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zgsf] clwgdf /xL laqmL u/L ;Sg' kg]{5 .
-_ ;+:yfks ;]o/ lwtf]aGws /fvL shf{ k|jfx ePsf] cj:yfdf To:tf] shf{sf] e'QmfgL cjlw ls6fg
ug'{ kg]{5 / To:tf] cjlw Ps jif{ eGbf a9L x'g] 5}g .
-r_ ;+:yfks ;]o/ lwtf] aGws /fvL shf{ k|jfx ubf{ To:tf] shf{sf] k'g/;+/rgf / k'g/tflnsLs/0f ug{
kfOg] 5}g .
-5_ ;+:yfks ;]o/ lwtf]aGws /fvL shf{ k|jfx ubf{ c;n shf{ afx]s cGo cj:yfdf ztk|ltzt shf{
gf]S;fgL Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 .
-h_ tf]lsPsf] e'QmfgL cjlwdf shf{ r'Qmf gu/]df ;+:yfks;~rfnsnfO{ sfnf] ;'rLdf ;dfj]z ug'{kg]{
sf/0f ;lxt #% lbgsf] ;'rgf lbO{ & lbg leq clgjfo{ ?kdf sfnf];"rL (Black Listing) df /fVg
l;kmfl/z ug'{ kg]{5 . ;f] ;DaGwL Joj:Yff C0f k|jfx ubf{ g} C0fLnfO{ shf{ ;Demf}tf (Loan deed)
df pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .
-em_ dfly -s_ b]lv - h_ ;Dd plNnlvt Joj:yfx? a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] cfgf] shf{ gLlt
ljlgoddf :ki6 ?kdf pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .
!*= a}+s hdfgt -Bank Guarantee_ ;DaGwdf
-s_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] hf/L u/]sf a}s hdfgt (Bank Guarantee) afktsf] /sd Beneficiary
nfO{ e'QmfgL lbg' kg]{ cj:yfdf dfu bfjL k/]sf] ;ft sfo{ lbgleq e'QmfgL lbg]glbg] ;DaGwdf
6'f] nufO;Sg' kg]{5 . ;fy}, International Chamber of Commerce, Uniform Rules for Demand
Guarantee (URDG) cGtu{t hf/L a}+s hdfgtx?sf] xsdf eg] URDG df ePsf Joj:yfx?sf]
clwgdf /xL e'QmfgL ;DjGwL lg0f{o ug'{ kg]{5 .
-v_ o:f/L bfjL k/]sf] ;ft sfo{ lbgleqdf a}+s hdfgt hf/L ug]{ ;+:yfn] Beneficiary nfO{ e'QmfgL lbg'
kg]{ cj:yfdf kof{Kt cfwf/ lagf e'QmfgL gu/]df ;DalGwt a+}s tyf ljQLo ;+:Yffsf] o; a}+sdf
/x]]sf] vftf o; a}+sn] cfb]z lbPsf] a}+ssf] vftfaf6 sf u/L ;DalGwt Beneficiary nfO{ e'QmfgL
ug{ ;lsg] 5 .
-u_ o;/L e'QmfgLsf nflu bfjL k/]sf] hdfgt afktsf] ;Defljt bfloTjnfO{ k'FhLsf]ifsf] cg'kft u0fgf
ug]{ k|of]hgsf nflu @)) k|ltztn] hf]lvd ef/ k|bfg ug'{ kg]{5 .

95
!(= cGt/a}+s sf/f]af/;fk6LnufgL ;DaGwdf
o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] Pscfk;df k|bfg ug]{ ;fk6LnfO{ lgoldt shf{ ;fk6 -Regular
Credit Facility_ sf] ?kdf geO{ cGt/a}+s sf/f]af/;fk6L -Interbank Transactions/Borrowings_ sf]
?kdf dfq k|of]u ug{ kfOg]5 . cGt/a}+s ;fk6Lsf] cjlw a9Ldf & lbg;Dd dfq x'g]5 .
@)= :jLs[t ef}uf]lns sfo{If]qleq dfq shf{ k|jfx ug'{kg]{ ;DaGwdf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] xfo/kr]{h shf{ afx]s crn ;DklQ lwtf] /fvL shf{ k|jfx ubf{ To:tf] shf{sf]
lwtf] / kl/of]hgfJoj;fo cfgf] ef}uf]lns sfo{If]qleq x'g'kg]{5 . ef}uf]lns sfo{If]q aflx/ ePsf] To:tf]
shf{ c;'nL geP;Dd zt k|ltzt shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf sfod ug'{ kg]{5 .
@!= l6=cf/=shf{ (Trust Receipt Loan) ;DaGwdf
6i6 l/l;K6 shf{ (TR Loan), laN; l8:sfplG6 jf To:t} k|s[ltsf cfoft shf{ k|bfg ubf{ clwstd
!@) lbg;Ddsf] cjlwsf] nflu dfq shf{ k|jfx ug{ kfOg]] 5 . t/, @)&$ c;f/ d;fGt;Ddsf nflu
o:tf] cjlw !%) lbg sfod ul/Psf] 5 .
@@= r]ssf] lwtf];'/If0fdf shf{ k|jfx ug{ gkfOg] ;DaGwdf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] s'g} klg lsl;dsf] r]ssf] lwtf];'/If0fdf shf{ k|jfx ug{ kfOg]
5}g . ;fy,} :jb]zL r]ssf] lSnol/ ;f]lx lbg ug{ ;lsg] ePsf]n] o:tf r]s vl/b ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
@#= Revolving k|s[ltsf JolQmut shf{sf] ;DaGwdf
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:Yffx?n] Overdraft nufotsf Revolving k|s[ltsf JolQmut shf{x? k|jfx ubf{ ?= &%
nfv;Dd dfq k|jfx ug{ ;Sg] 5g\ . of] lgb]{zg hf/L x'g' cl3 k|jflxt To:tf shf{sf] xsdf @)&$ c;f/
d;fGtleq pQm ;Ldfdf NofO{;Sg' kg]{5 . a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] Revolving k|s[ltsf JolQmut
shf{df k|jflxt shf{sf] ljj/0f g]=/f=a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+= @=$ adf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf tof/ u/L q}dfl;s
ljj/0f o:tf] ;dofjwL ;dfKt ePsf] k}+lt; lbgleq o; a}+ssf] ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf k]z
ug'{kg]{5 .
t/, Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] cfg} d'2lt lgIf]k /l;b / ;'g rfFbLsf] lwtf]df shf{ k|bfg ug{, zt k|ltzt
gub dflh{gdf hdfgt hf/L ug{ tyf g]kfn ;/sf/ tyf g]kfn /fi6 a}+s C0fkqsf] lwtf]df shf{ k|bfg
ug{ Joj:yfn] afwf k'ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
@$= C0fLn] :yfoL n]vf gDa/ lnPsf] x'g'kg]{ ;DaGwdf
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] 5'f 5'} jf Psd'i6 u/L ?= ! s/f]8 jf ;f] eGbf a9L /sdsf] shf{ s'g}
JolQmnfO{ k|jfx ug'{ k/]df To:tf] JolQmn] clgjfo{ ?kdf :yfoL n]vf gDa/ -PAN_ lnPsf] x'g'kg]{5 . ;fy}
PsLs[t lgb]{zgsf] lgb]{zg g+ # sf] j'bf g+ ^ cg';f/ C0fL Pp6} ;d'x cGtu{t kg]{ ePdf To:tf] ;d'xn] ?
! s/f]8 jf ;f] eGbf a9L /sdsf] shf{ lnPsf] cj:yfdf pQm ;d'x cGtu{tsf] s'g} JolQmnfO{ ? ! s/f]8
eGbf sd /sdsf] shf{ k|jfx ug'{k/]sf] cj:yfdf ;d]t clgjfo{ ?kdf :yfoL n]vf gDa/ -PAN_ lnPsf]
x'g'kg]5
{ .
@%= Risk taker -;~rfns, k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t jf Joj:yfkg txsf] kbflwsf/L_ nfO{ k|jfx x'g] shf{
;DaGwdf
-!_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] csf]{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf ;~rfns, k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t jf Joj:yfkg
txsf] kbflwsf/LnfO{ lzIff shf{, xfo/ kr]{h shf{, 3/ shf{ jf 3/fo;L k|of]hgsf ;fdu|L shf{ afx]s
lghx?sf] JolQmut gfddf cGo s'g} lsl;dsf shf{ k|jfx ug{ ;Sg] 5}gg\ .
t/ ;/sf/L C0fkq, d'4lt /l;b, ;'grfFbLsf] lwtf]df jf Credit Card cGtu{t shf{ lng o;
Joj:yfn] afwf k'ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g . of] lgb]{zg hf/L x'g' k'j{ lnPsf] shf{ @)&! c;f/ d;fGtleq
lgoldt ug'{ u/fpg' kg]{5 .
-@_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] s'g}klg Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf sfo{sf/L k|d'v jf Joj:yfkg txsf]
kbflwsf/Lsf] clwsf+z :jfldTj /x]sf] kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfdf s'g} klg lsl;dsf] shf{ k|jfx ug{
;Sg] 5}gg\ . of] lgb]{zg hf/L x'g'k"j{ k|jfx eO{;s]sf] shf{sf] xsdf e'QmfgL cjlw ;dfKt eO{ ;s]kl5

96
 gjLs/0f ug{ kfOg] 5}g . o; k|of]hgsf] nflu clwsf+z :jfldTj eGgfn] %) k|ltzt eGbf a9L
:jfldTj ePsf] kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yf ;Demg' kb{5 .
@^= PsfpG6k]oL r]s dfkm{t shf{ /sd lgsf;f ug'{ kg]{ ;DaGwdf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] s'g} klg sDkgLkmd{ jf ;+ul7t ;+3;+:yfnfO{ :jLs[t shf{sf]
/sd lgsf;f ubf{ ;DalGwt a}+sljQLo ;+:yfdf g} vftf vf]nL hDdf ug'{ kg]{5 . ;f] afx]ssf] cj:yfdf
C0fL sDkgLkmd{ jf ;+ul7t ;+3;+:yfsf] gfddf PsfpG6k]oL r]skqljB'tLo dfWodaf6 ;f]e}m
;DalGwt C0fLsf] vftfdf hDdf x'g] u/L shf{ /sd lgsf;f ug'{ kg]{5 .
@&= kof{j/0fLo k|efjsf] ljZn]if0f u/]/ dfq shf{ k|jfx ug]{ ;DaGwdf
s'g} klg k|s[ltsf pBf]ux?df a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] shf{ nufgL ug'{k'j{ clgafo{ ?kdf kof{j/0fLo
k|efjsf] ljZn]if0f u/L shf{ k|jfx ug'{kg]{5 .
@*= e'QmfgL tflnsf ;DaGwdf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] k|jfx u/]sf] ls:tf c;'nL ;DaGwL sfo{tflnsf lgdf{0f ubf{ ls;fgn] pTkfbg
ug]{ afnL leq\ofpg] ;do / shf{sf] ls:tf e'QmfgL ug]{ ;do aLr ;s];Dd tfnd]n ldNg] lsl;dn] To:tf]
sfo{ tflnsf lgdf{0f ug'{kg]{5 .
@(= hdfgt lbPsf] cj:yfdf hdfgLkqdf pNn]v u/]sf] /sd;Dd dfq lhDd]jf/ x'g]
hdfgt lbPsf] cj:yfdf hdfgLkqdf pNn]v u/]sf] /sdeGbf a9L /sdsf] nflu hdfgL lbg]
JolQmkmd{ sDkgL;+:yfnfO{ s'g} klg cj:yfdf lhDd]jf/ gu/fpg hdfgLkq tof/ ubf{ g} hdfgL
/sd, C0fsf] cjlw, C0fsf] k|of]hg, k|d'v C0fL, ;fIfL, hdfgtstf{sf] gfd, 7]ufgf, ;f] sf] ;gfvt
nufotsf ljifox? :ki6 ?kdf pNn]v x'g' kg]{5 .
#)= Joj;flos s[lif tyf kz'kG5L shf{df k|bfg ul/g] Aofh cg'bfg ;DaGwL sfo{ljlw, @)&# -sfo{ljlw
@=@ df ;+nUg_ adf]lhd k|jflxt shf{df g]kfn ;/sf/af6 k|bfg ul/Psf] cg'bfg /sd o; a}+sn] pknJw
u/fpg] 5 . pQm sfo{ljlw adf]lhd shf{ k|jfx u/L g]kfn ;/sf/af6 kfpg' kg]{ Jofh cg'bfg jfktsf]
/sdnfO{ kF'hLsf]if cg'kft u0fgf k|of]hgsf nflu ;/sf/ dflysf] bfjL ;/x z"Go k|ltzt hf]lvd ef/
k|bfg ug{ ;lsg]5 .
#!= lwtf] km's'jf ;DaGwdf
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] cfk'mn] u/]sf] shf{ nufgL adf]lhd c;'n pk/ ug'{ kg]{ ;Dk"0f{ /sd c;'n eO{
;s]kl5 ;'/If0f jfkt /flvPsf] lwtf] tTsfn k'ms'jfsf] nflu ;DalGwt sfof{nodf n]vL k7fpg' kg]{5 .
#@= rfn'k'FhL k|s[ltsf shf{ ;DaGwL Joj:yfM
-!_ o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt s, / v ju{sf ;+:yfn] k|jfx ug]{ rfn' k'FhL k|s[ltsf shf{ -
cf]e/8fkm\6 shf{, rfn' k"FhL shf{, Sof; s|]8L6 shf{, l8df08 nf]g, 6i6 l/l;K6 shf{, cNksfnLg shf{
cflb / s ju{sf ;+:yfsf] xsdf xfOkf]lys];g shf{ ;d]t_ pkof]u ug]{ u|fxsx?af6 x'g] ax'a}+ls -
Multiple Banking_ sf/f]jf/nfO{ Jojl:yt ug{ b]xfosf] Joj:yf hf/L ul/Psf] 5 M
-s_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] shf{ k|jfx jf gjLs/0f ug'{k'j{ u|fxsaf6 clgjfo{ ?kn] shf{ sf/f]af/
;DaGwL :jM3f]if0ff g]=/f=a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+= @=^ adf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf lnO{ pQm :jM3f]if0ff cg';f/sf]
ljj/0f / shf{ ;'rgf s]Gb| lnld6]8af6 k|fKt ljj/0f le8fO{ u|fxsn] lnPsf] shf{ olsg ug'{kg]{5 .
-v_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ?=! s/f]8 jf ;f] eGbf a9L /sdsf] rfn' k'FhL k|s[ltsf shf{ k|jfx tyf
gjLs/0f ubf{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf zt{ tyf aGb]hsf] clwgdf /xL ug'{ kg]{5 .
-c_ u|fxsn] Ps eGbf al9 Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfaf6 rfn' k'FhL k|s[ltsf shf{ pkof]u ug]{u/]sf]
b]lvPdf To; lsl;dsf shf{ k|jfxgjLs/0f ug'{cl3 pQm u|fxsnfO{ shf{ k|jfx ug]{
;+:yfx? aLr Ps cfk;df kf/Lkf;' ;Demf}tf ug'{kg]{5 .
To:tf] ;Demf}tfdf ;DalGwt ;+:yfn] k|jfx ug]{ shf{ /sdsf] c+z, lwtf]sf] ljj/0f tyf
u|fxsn] k|bfg ug]{ lwtf]df ;DalGwt ;+:yfsf] :jfldTjsf] c+z ;d]t v'nfpg' kg]{5 .
sy+sbflrt shf{ c;'nL gePdf ckgfOg] shf{ c;'nL, lwtf] lnnfdL tyf ljjfb ;dfwfg
;DaGwL Joj:yf ;d]t pQm ;Demf}tfdf pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .

97
 -cf_ ;DalGwt ;+:yfn] u|fxsnfO{ k|jfx ug]{ shf{sf] c+z lgwf{/0f ubf{ Stock tyf Receivables
nfO{ cfwf/ dfgL k|rlnt sfg'g tyf cfgf] shf{ gLltdf /x]sf] k|fjwfg adf]lhd shf{ ;Ldf
sfod ug{ ;Sg]5g .
-O_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] o; lsl;dsf] ax'a}+ls sf/f]af/ u/L shf{ pkef]u ug]{ u|fxsx?sf]
ljj/0f g]=/f=a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+= @=% adf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf a}+s ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf q}dfl;s
?kdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-u_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ?=! s/f]8 eGbf sd /sdsf] rfn' k'FhL k|s[ltsf shf{ k|jfxgjLs/0f ug'{
cl3 ;d]t cGo Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfaf6 To:tf] shf{ lnP glnPsf] olsg u/L To:tf] shf{ lnPsf]
cj:yfdf shf{ lbg] cGo Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfaf6 clgjfo{ ?kn] No Objection Letter lnP/ dfq
shf{ k|jfxgjLs/0f ug{'kg]{5 .
-@_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] rfn' k'FhL k|s[ltsf shf{ k|bfg u/]sf] cj:yfdf ;DalGwt u|fxsaf6 cfgf]
Stock tyf Receivables sf] ljj/0f sDtLdf k|To]s tLgtLg dlxgfdf k|fKt ug'{ kg]{5 . ;f] ljj/0f
k|fKt eP kl5 Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] u|fxssf] Stock tyf Receivables sf] lg/LIf0f u/L Stock tyf
Ageing ;lxtsf] Receivables lg/LIf0f k|ltj]bg tof/ ug'{kg]{5 / ;f] k|ltj]bg ax'a}+lssf] xsdf
kf/Lkf;'df ;dfj]z Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? aLr cfk;df cfbfg k|bfg ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg' kg]{5 .
Stock tyf Receivables lg/LIf0f ubf{ s'n shf{ ;Ldfsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ Stock tyf Receivables
sf] d'No sd x'g uPdf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] To:tf] u|fxssf] shf{ ;Ldf k'g/fjnf]sg u/L gofF
shf{ ;Ldf sfod ug'{ kg]{5 . k|jfx e};s]sf] /sd a9L b]lvPdf ;Ldfleq Nofpg' kg]{5 .
;fy} Stock sf] lwtf]df shf{ k|jfx ug{] ePdf C0f k'0f{ ?kdf ;'/lIft x'g] u/L lwtf]df /x]]sf] ;DklQsf]
aLdf clgjfo{ ?kn] u/fpg' kg]{5 .
-#_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] u|fxssf] shf{ ;Ldf lgwf{/0f ubf{ ut jif{sf] n]vfk/LIf0f ePsf] ljQLo ljj/0f,
sDtLdf cfufdL # jif{;DDfsf] cg'dflgt ljQLo ljj/0f, u|fxsn] k]z u/]sf] Jofj;flos of]hgf cflbsf]
cfwf/df cfjZos rfn' k'FhL shf{sf] ;Ldf lgwf{/0f ug'{ kg]{5 .
t/ kl5Nnf] cf=j= sf] n]vfk/LIf0f ;DkGg x'g afFsL ePsf] :ki6 sf/0f ;lxt u|fxsn] To:tf] ljQLo
ljj/0f k]z x'g g;Sg] lgj]bg lbPdf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] To:tf] ljQLo ljj/0f k]z ug{ dgfl;j
dflkmssf] ;do lbg ;Sg]5 / n3', 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]uJoj;fonfO{ ?=@% nfv ;Ddsf] rfn' k'FhL
k|s[tLsf] shf{ k|jfx ubf{ cg'dflgt ljQLo ljj/0f lng clgjfo{ x'g] 5}g .
-$_ u au{sf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] xfOkf]lys]zg tyf clwljsif{ shf{ k|jfx ug]{ kfpg] 5}gg\ .
##= Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ?= ! ca{ jf ;f] eGbf a9L /sdsf] ax'a}+ls shf{ pkef]u ug]{ul//x]sf
C0fLx?sf] shf{ ;xljQLos/0f shf{df kl/0ft ug'{ kg]{5 . o; Joj:yf adf]lhd ;xljQLos/0f shf{df
kl/0ft gePsf ax'a}+ls shf{nfO{ @)&$ c;f/ d;fGtb]lv ;'Id lgu/fgL ju{df juL{s/0f u/L ;f]xL
adf]lhdsf] shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 . t/, s, v / u ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf
ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] ljkGg ju{ shf{ cGtu{t n3'ljQ ljQLo ;+:yfx?nfO{ k|jfx ug]{ shf{sf] xsdf of]
Joj:yf adf]lhd ;xljQLos/0f shf{df kl/0ft ug{ clgjfo{ x'g] 5}g .
#$= Jofj;flos s[lif tyf kz'kfng, ;fgf tyf demf}nf Joj;fo Pjd\ e"sDkaf6 k|efljt If]qdf cfod"ns
lqmofsnfknfO{ k|f]T;flxt ug{ C0fLsf] C0f ltg{;Sg] Ifdtfsf cfwf/df a9Ldf ?= !) nfv;Ddsf] shf{
k|jfx ubf{ df]6/ af6f] gePsf] v]tLof]Uo hldgnfO{ klg a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] lwtf]sf] ?kdf :jLsf/ ug{
;Sg]5g\ .
#%= skmL, ;'Gtnf, lrof h:tf s[lif pTkfbgd"ns Joj;fo / kz'kfng tyf b'UwhGo pTkfbgd"ns Joj;fosf
nflu ?= !) nfv;Ddsf] shf{ k|jfx ubf{ ;DefAotfsf cfwf/df kl/of]hgfs} lwtf]df shf{ k|jfx ug{ ;lsg]
5 . o; ;DaGwdf s'g} u'gf;f] ePdf ;DalGwt u|fxsn] :ki6 Joxf]/f v'nfO{ o; a}+sdf u'gf;f] ug{
;Sg]5 .
#^= cfly{s jif{ @)&@&# sf] ah]6 jQmJo tyf df}lb|s gLltdf Joj:yf eP adf]lhd cfly{s k'g?4f/ sf]if
-:yfkgf / ;~rfng_ sfo{ljlw, @)&@ g]kfn ;/sf/ -dlGqkl/ifb\_ af6 :jLs[t eO{ sfof{Gjogdf cfPsf]
xF'bf o; a}+ssf] kq ;+Vof M a}=lj=lg=lj=gLltkl/kqsvu!#)&@&# ldltM @)&@!)!) ut] hf/L
ul/Psf] lgb]{zg adf]lhd a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] pQm sfo{ljlwsf] sfof{Gjog ug{'kg]{5 .

98
#&= shf{ ;fk6sf] juL{s/0f ljj/0f k7fpg] ;DaGwdf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfly{s jif{sf] c;f]h, k';, r}t / c;f/ d;fGtdf shf{ juL{s/0f u/L ;+nUg
lgb]{zg kmf=g+= @=!, @=@ / @=# cg';f/sf ljj/0fx? qodf; ;dfKt ePsf] !% lbgleq o; a}+ssf] a}+s
tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu / ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf k7fpg' kg]{5 .
#*= lgb]{zg kfngf gu/]df x'g ;Sg] sf/jfxL
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] of] lgb]{zg kfngf gu/]df g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf !)) adf]lhd
sf/jfxL x'g]5 .
#(= vf/]hL / jrfpm
-!_ o; a}+saf6 o;cl3 hf/L ul/Psf b]xfosf lgb]{zgx? vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 M
PsLs[t lgb]{zg, @)&# sf] shf{;fk6sf] juL{s/0f / shf{ gf]S;fgL ;DaGwL Joj:yf O=k|f lgb]{zg
g+= @)&# af6 hf/L ul/Psf] lgb]{zg tyf ;f] kZrft ldlt @)&$ ;fpg ( ut] ;Dd hf/L ePsf
o;} ljifo;Fu ;DalGwt ;Dk"0f{ kl/kqx? .
-@_ pka'Fbf -!_ adf]lhd vf/]h ul/Psf lgb]{zg tyf kl/kq adf]lhd eP u/]sf sfd sf/jfxL o;}
lgb]{zg adf]lhd eP u/]sf] dflgg]5 .

99
 g]=/f= a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+=@=!

shf{, ;fk6 tyf laN; vl/b juL{s/0f / ;f]sf] nflu Joj:yf

- === === === === === d;fGt _
-=bz nfvdf_
vl/b tyf l8:sfpG6
shf{ tyf ;fk6 ul/Psf laN;
ut ljj/0f :jb]zL
qodf; o;
ljkGg ju{ ljb]zL hDdf :jb]zL ljb]zL hDdf qodf;sf]
cGo hDdf
ljldt cljldt
!= ;lqmo shf{ ;fk6
c;n shf{
;'Id lgu/fgL
@= lgliqmo shf{ ;fk6
@=! k'g/;+/rgfk'g/tflnsLs/0f
@=@ sd;n
@=# z+sf:kb
@=$ v/fa
#= s'n shf{ ;fk6 -! @_
$= shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
$=! c;n
$=@ ;'Id lgu/fgL
$=# k'g/;+/rgfk'g/tflnsLs/0f
$=$ sd;n
$=% z+sf:kb
$=^ v/fj
$=& cltl/St
$=* Psn u|fxs ;Ldf gf3]sf]
$=( JolQmut hdfgLt];|f]kIfsf] lwtf]df
k|jfx ePsf] shf{sf] nflu yk
%= ut qodf;;Ddsf] shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
%=! c;n
%=@ ;'Id lgu/fgL
%=# k'g/;+/rgfk'g/tflnsLs/0f
%=$ sd;n
%=% z+sf:kb
%=^ v/fj
%=& cltl/St
%=* Psn u|fxs ;Ldf gf3]sf]
%=( JolQmut hdfgLt];|f]kIfsf] lwtf]df
k|jfx ePsf] shf{sf] nflu yk
^= o; qodf;sf] gf]S;fgL Joj:yf lkmtf{
&= o; qodf;sf] yk shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
*= o; qodf;df yklkmtf{
(= s'n shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf -%^&_
v'b shf{ -#$_

ldlt M clws[t b:tvt

100
 g]=/f= a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+=@=@
u|fxslkR5] juL{s/0f ul/Psf] shf{x? tyf ;f]sf] gf]S;fgL Joj:yf ;DaGwL ljj/0f
===============;fn ==================d;fGt
zfvf ;d'x C[0fL nufgL sf]ifdf cfwfl/t shf{ e'QmfgL u}/ sf]ifdf shf{ Joj:yf
ljkGg s}lkmot
sf] sf] sf/f]af/ ldlt cfwfl/t ;'ljwf ju{
gfd gfd ldlt -?_ /sd
shf{ :jLs[t afFsL afFsL Effvf :jLs[t afFsL AfuL{s/0f Joj:yf ?=
k|sf/ ;Ldf ;fFjf Aofh gf3]sf] ;Ldf ;fFjf -?_
-?_ -?_ -?_ ;fFjf -?_ -?_ -?_

s'n hDdf M

ldlt clws[tsf] gfd

b:tvt
b|i6Jo M !_ ls:tfjGbLdf k|bfg ul/Psf cfjlws shf{x? (Term Loan) sf] xsdf klxnf] ls:tfn] efvf gf3]sf] ldlt g}
e'QmfgL ldlt x'g5
] . olb s'g} shf{sf] e'QmfgL ldlt g} gePdf sf]ifdf cfwfl/t shf{ ;'ljwfdf kl/0ft ePsf] ldlt
(Booking date) nfO{ g} e'QmfgL ldlt dfGg' kg]{5 . -h:t}M Uof/]06L e'QmfgL, Forced L/C, rfn' vftf lagf lnld6
cf]e/8g ePdf cflb_ .
@_ e'QmfgL ldlt lbgdlxgf;fn (day/month/year) cg';f/ /fVg' kg]{5 .
#_ olb shf{x?nfO{ e'QmfgL ldlt eGbf leGg cfwf/df juL{s/0f ul/Pdf, juL{s/0f ul/Psf] sf/0f s}lkmot dxndf
pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 . -pbfx/0fsf] nfluM C0fL sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ePdf, Aoa;fo ;~rfng gePdf, shf{ b'?kof]u
ePdf cflb_ .
$_ ljkGg ju{ shf{ ;DjlGw ljj/0fx? 5'} ljj/0fsf] ?kdf s'n /sd ;lxt b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
%_ of] shf{ ljj/0fdf Ps} ;d'xsf C0fLx?sf] ljj/0f 5'lg] u/L k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
^_ shf{ auL{s/0fdf c;n, ;'Id lgu/fgL, k'g/tflnsLs/0fk'g/;+/rgf, sd;n, z+sf:kb tyf v/fjnfO{ qmdzM !,
!=!, @, #, $ / % pNn]v ug'{ kb{5 .
&_ of] ljj/0fsf] OskL dfq k7fpg' kg]{5 . xf8{skL k7fpg'kg]{5}g .

g]=/f= a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+=@=#

u}/ a}+ls ;DklQsf] gf]S;fgL Joj:yf ;DaGwL ljj/0f
===============;fn ==================d;fGt
qm=;+= C0fL jf kf6L{sf] u}/ a}+ls ;DklQ s'n u}/ a}+ls gf]S;fgL Joj:yf v'b u}/ a}+ls ;DklQ
gfd 7]ufgf ;sf/ u/]sf] ldlt ;DklQ /sd ?= k|ltzt /sd ?= /sd ?=

-!_ -@_ -#_ -$_ -%_ -^_ -$_-^_

s'n hDdf

ldlt clws[tsf] gfd

b:tvt

101
 g]=/f= a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+=@=$
Revolving k|s[ltsf JolQmut shf{sf] ljj/0f
===============;fn ==================d;fGt
-?=bznfvdf_

l;=g+= C0fLsf] gfd shf{sf] :jLs[t afFsL ;fFjf shf{ k|jfx shf{ e'QmfgL s}lkmo
k|sf/ ;Ldf ldlt ldlt t
!
@
#
===
===

g]=/f=a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+= @=%

ax'a}+ls sf/f]af/ ug]{ u|fxsx?sf] ljj/0f
========== ;fn ================== d;fGt
-?= bznfvdf_
l;=g= u|fxssf] gfd shf{sf] k|sf/ s'n shf{ aSof}bf shf{ kf/Lkf;'df ;xefuL
;Ldf ?= /sd Ohfhtkqk|fKt
;+:yfx?

g]=/f=a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+= @=^

a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfdf C0fsf] nflu lgj]bg lb+bf v'nfpg'kg]{ laa/0fsf] 9fFrf
ldltM ====================
-?= xhf/df_
C0f lnPsf] cGo a}+sljQLo ;+:yfsf] gfd aSof}tf /sd -ldlt_ Dofb gf3]sf] 55}g
!= ======= a}+sljQLo ;+:yf
rfn' k'FhL shf{
cfjlws shf{
cGo shf{
u}/sf]ifdf cfwfl/t ;'ljwf
hDdf
@= ======= a}+sljQLo ;+:yf
rfn' k'FhL shf{
cfjlws shf{
cGo shf{
u}/sf]ifdf cfwfl/t ;'ljwf
hDdf
s'n hDdf
pko{'Qm adf]lhd dxfdLn] 3f]if0ff u/]sf] ljj/0f 7Ls 5 e'mf 7x/] sfg'g adf]lhd sf/jfxL ePdf d~h'/L 5
egL ;xL ug]{M
clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Lsf] b:tvtM
JolQmsf] gfdkmd{, sDkgL / ;+:yfsf] gfd / 5fkM

102
 sfo{ljlw @=!
?U0f pBf]usf ;DaGwdf ljQLo If]qaf6 x'g;Sg]
;'ljwf ;DaGwL sfo{lalw, @)&)
!= cjwf/0ff M
pBf]u If]qsf] ljsf;n] /fli6o cfo, /f]huf/Lsf cj;/ l;h{gf, k|ltJolQm cfodf j[l4, k'FhL lgdf{0f,
nufgLsf yk cj;/sf] l;h{gf, cf}Bf]lus Jofj;flos ;+:s[ltsf] ljsfz ub}{ /fli6o pTkfbgdf j[l4sf ;fy}
j}b]lzs Jofkf/df ;Gt'ng sfod u/L e'QmfgL ;Gt'ng ;sf/fTds /fVgdf cxd\ e'ldsf v]Ng] s'/f lglj{jfb 5 .
pBf]ux? ?U0f x'g'[df cfGtl/s / jfXo sf/0fx? b'j} plQs} k|efjL x'G5g\ . sdhf]/ Joj:yfkg, cj}1flgs d'No
lgwf{/0f, kl/of]hgf nfut j[l4, ;fwg / ;|f]tsf] plrt kl/rfng / ;Def/ gx'g', rfn' k'FhLsf] cefj, sd;n
u'0f:t/ / cWoog cg';Gwfgsf] sdL cflb cfGtl/s sf/0fdf x'g\ eg] cfly{s dGbL, tLj| k|lt:kwf{, :t/o'Qm
sRrf kbfy{ / hgzlQmsf] cefj, ;Da4 gLltP]glgod cflbdf cl:y/tf jf ;do cg';f/ kl/jt{g x'g g;Sg'
k|ljlw kl/jt{g, u|fxssf] ?lrdf kl/jt{g, ljB't tyf OGwg cfk"lt{df sdL, C0f k|flKtdf l9nfO{, x8\tfn Pjd\
tfnfaGbL, k|fs[lts k|sf]k cflb pBdLsf sfa' aflx/sf kl/l:ylt jfXo sf/0fdf lng ;lsG5 .
pko{'Qm ;fgf tyf 7"nf c;xh kl/l:yltsf sf/0f pBf]ux? lbgk|lt lbg ?U0f x'+b} uO{/x]sf 5g\ . o;/L
pBf]ux? ?U0f x'+bf To:tf pBf]ux?;Fu k|ToIf ?kdf ;+nUg cGo pBf]ux? ;d]t ?U0f x'g] nufot /f]huf/Lsf
cj;/x? ;d]t u'Dg] x'gfn] cfly{s, ;fdflhs tyf k|fs[lts jftfj/0fdf ;d]t k|lts'n k|efj kl//x]sf] 5 .
h;sf sf/0f ;Dk"0f{ cf}Bf]lus If]q g} lg/Gt/ vl:sFbf] cj:yfdf 5 . o;/L cfly{s ;Dj[l4sf nflu 6]jf lbg]
cf}Bf]lus If]q vl:sFb} hfFbf b]zn] 7"nf] sl7gfO{ ef]Ug' kg]{ cj:yf cfO{/x]sf] 5 . d'n'ssf] ;du| cf}Bf]lus k|j4{g
/ cfly{s ;Dj[l4df gsf/fTds c;/ k/L d'n'sleq nufgLsf] cg's'n jftfj/0f aGg ;s]sf] 5}g .
jt{dfg cj:yfdf ;/sf/L Pjd\ lghL If]qsf ?U0f pBf]ux?df c/af}+sf] k'FhL kmFl;/x]sf] cj:yf 5 . o;df
klg ;/sf/L Pjd\ lghL If]qaf6 ;+rflnt a}+s Pjd\ ljQLo ;+:yfaf6 shf{ pknAw u/fO{Psf]df ;fFjf, Aofh,
xhf{gf cflb p7\g g;Sg] l:yltdf k'u]sf], lwtf]af6 shf{ /fkm;fkm x'g] l:ylt gePsf] tyf d'2fdfldnf cflbsf
sf/0f lwtf] ;d]t a]rlavg x'g g;s]sf] sf/0f a}+sAoa;foL b'j} ;d:ofdf /x]]sf] cj:yf 5 . pBf]u ?U0f ePsf
sf/0f pBdLJoj;foLsf cltl/Qm a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?, /f]huf/L kfPsf >lds sd{rf/L ;d]t ?U0ftfsf]
df/df k/]sf 5g\ . Psflt/ 7"nf] dfqfdf k'FhL 8'a]sf] / cfgf] hfoh]yf lwtf]df kmF:g k'u]sf] sf/0fn]
pBf]ukltx?df lg/fzf 5fpg uO{ pBdzLntf u'Db} uPsf] 5 eg] csf{]lt/ a}+s ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] jf;nftdf
cg'Tkfbs ;DklQ -Non-Performing Assets) sf] ?kdf aiff}{+b]lv lhDd]jf/L ;fg]{ sfd dfq ePsf] kfOG5 .
cfGtl/s tyf afXo sf/0fx?n] ubf{ b]zdf pTkGg x'g;Sg] cfly{s dGbLsf] c;xh kl/l:yltsf] df/af6
b]zsf pBf]uwGbf / Joj;fodf kg]{ k|lts'n c;/ sd u/fpg g]kfn ;/sf/n] cf=j= @)%*.%( b]lv g} ?U0f
pBf]u ;DaGwL gLlt / sfo{s|dx? NofPsf]df pQm gLltnfO{ yk 6]jf k'ofpg o; a}+sn] ;d]t ljutb]lv g}
k'gs{hf{ nufot cGo gLltut Joj:yfx?df ;/nLs/0f u/L ?U0f pBf]u k'g?Tyfgdf ;xof]u k'ofpFb} cfPsf] 5 .
ljutdf ?U0f pBf]u k'g?Tyfg sfo{s|d cGtu{t k'gs{hf{, shf{ k'g/tflnsLs/0f / Aofh xhf{gf 5'6 nufotsf
;'ljwfaf6 ljz]iftM xf]6]n tyf cGo s]xL pBf]ux? nfeflGjt ePsf lyP .
pko'{Qm k[i7e"lddf lghL If]qaf6 ?U0f pBf]usf] k'g?Tyfg jf k'g:yf{kgfsf] dfu p7\b} cfPsf] ;Gbe{ tyf
g]kfn ;/sf/af6 x'g;Sg] k'g?Tyfg sfo{s|dx?;Fu} b]zsf] s]Gb|Lo a}+ssf] gftfn] o; a}+saf6 ;d]t ?U0f pBf]u
k'g?Tyfg ;DaGwL sfo{s|d 3f]if0ff ug]{ ;Gbe{df o;sf k|lqmofx? :ki6 / kf/bzL{ agfpg of] sfo{lalw tof/
ul/Psf] 5 .

@= ?U0f pBf]u ;DaGwL df}h'bf gLlt tyf sfg'gL Joj:yf M

-s_ cf}Bf]lus Joj;fo P]g @)$(, sf] bkmf @%=-s_ df ?U0f pBf]u ;DaGwdf ePsf] Joj:yf M
nuftf/ % jif{b]lv 3f6fdf ;~rfng eO{ s'n pTkfbg Ifdtfsf] @) k|ltzt jf ;f] eGbf sd
pTkfbg ug]{ pBf]unfO{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] plrt b]v]df g]kfn /fhkqdf ;'rgf k|sfzg u/L ?U0f
pBf]u 3f]if0ff ug{ ;Sg]5 .

103
 To:tf pBf]un] To:tf] pBf]u lj:tf/ tyf ljljlws/0f ug{sf] nflu cfoft ul/g] d]l;g/Ldf s'g}
dx;"n, z'Ns tyf s/ nfUg] 5}g .
-v_ ?U0f pBf]u k'gs{hf{ lgb]{lzsf, @)^) df ?U0f pBf]usf ;DaGwdf ePsf] kl/efiff M
Go'gtd # jif{b]lv ;~rfngdf /xL nuftf/ @ jif{b]lv gub 3f6fdf uPsf] .
nuftf/ @ jif{b]lv kf/ljGb' (Break even) df ;~rfng x'g g;s]sf] .
?=@% nfveGbf sd C0f lng] pBf]usf ;Gbe{df ljut # jif{sf] sf/f]af/ (Turn over) qmdzM
@% k|ltztsf] b/n] 36]sf] .
-u_ cf}Bf]lus gLlt, @)^& df ?U0f pBf]usf] k'g?Tyfg tyf k'glg{df{0f ;DaGwdf ePsf] Joj:yf M
?U0f pBf]usf] k'g?Tyfg tyf k'glgdf{0f ;DaGwL Joj:yfdf ;a} :t/sf ?U0f pBf]usf] klxrfg
/ k'g?Tyfg tyf k'glgdf{0f ug{ sfg'gdf Joj:yf u/L ;DalGwt If]qsf ljz]if1x? /x]sf] Ps
clwsf/ ;DkGg / pRr:tl/o Goflos clwsf/ ;lxtsf] cfof]u u7g u/L ?U0f pBf]u ;DaGwL
;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg ul/g]5 . cfof]usf] ;+/rgf, sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ sfg'gn] lgwf{/0f u/]
adf]lhd x'g]5 .
#= ?U0f pBf]usf] nflu ul7t pRr :t/Lo sfo{bnsf] l;kmfl/z M
?U0f pBf]u k'g?Tyfg pRr:t/Lo sfo{bn, @)^* sf] k|ltj]bgsf] a'Fbf $ df ?U0f pBf]unfO{ k|bfg x'g]
;'ljwf k|fljlws ;ldltsf] cWoog, cg';Gwfg kZrft ePsf] l;kmfl/zsf] cfwf/df dfq ;DalGwt pBf]un] k|fKt
ug]{ Aoxf]/f pNn]v u/]sf] tyf ?U0f pBf]unfO{ k"0f{ ?U0f pBf]u, ?U0f pBf]u Pjd\ ?U0fpGd'v pBf]u egL tLg
efudf ljefhg u/L To:tf k|s[ltsf pBf]unfO{ k|bfg ug'{kg]{ ;]jf ;'ljwfx? k|:tfj u/]sf] 5 .
$= dlGqkl/ifbsf] lg0f{oM
g]kfn ;/sf/, k|wfgdGqL tyf dlGqkl/ifb\sf] sfo{fnoaf6 ldlt @)^*.%.@# df hf/L ul/Psf] tTsfn
/fxt sfo{j|md, @)^* sf] bkmf (=@ sf] Joj:yf adf]lhd ?U0f pBf]usf] k'g?Tyfg u/L cf}Bf]lus pTkfbg j[l4,
/f]huf/L l;h{gf / cfoft k|lt:yfkg ug{sf nflu To:tf pBf]usf] klxrfg, pBf]un] ef]lu/x]sf] ;d:of / To;sf
;dfwfgsf pkfo tyf ;/sf/n] pknAw u/fpg' kg]{ ;'ljwf / ;x'lnotsf ;DaGwdf ?U0f pBf]u k'g?Tyfg
pRr:t/Lo sfo{bn, @)^* n] cWoog u/L ldlt @)^* d+;L/df ;'emfj ;lxtsf] k|ltj]bg k]z u/] cg';f/
dlGqkl/ifb\sf] ldlt @)^(.(.!( sf] a}7saf6 pQm k|ltj]bgnfO{ ;}4flGts tyf gLltut tj/df :jLs[t ub}{ ;f]
k|ltj]bgdf plNnlvt l;kmfl/zx?sf] sfof{Gjogsf ;DaGwdf cfjZos sfg'gL, gLltut, ;+:yfut tyf ;|f]t
;fwgsf] pknAwtf ;DaGwL Joj:yf cGo ;Da4 lgsfox?;Fu ;dGjo u/L ldnfpg] eGg] lg0f{o sfof{Gjogdf
;3fp k'ofpg of] sfo{ljlw ;xfos x'g] o; a}+ssf] wf/0ff /x]sf] 5 .
%= ?U0f pBf]usf ;DaGwdf ljQLo If]qaf6 pknAw x'g;Sg] ;'ljwfsf af/]df g]kfn /fi6 a}+sn] b]xfosf] sfo{ljlw
tof/ u/]sf] 5 M
o;/L pko'{Qm ljBdfg P]g, sfg'g tyf cf}Bf]lus gLltsf] clwgdf /xL g]]kfn ;/sf/f/f ul7t ?U0f
pBf]u k'g?Tyfg pRr:t/Lo sfo{bnn] l;kmfl/z u/]sf] cfwf/df ;d]t g]kfn ;/sf/n] ?U0f pBf]u k'g?Tyfgsf]
nflu to u/]sf] ;+oGqsf] dfWodaf6 cWoog ljZn]if0f u/L ;d:ofdf /x]sf pBf]ux? ?U0f pBf]usf] ?kdf 3f]lift
x'g;Sg] cj:yf /x]sf] 5 . g]kfn ;/sf/n] ?U0f pBf]usf] ?kdf /fhkq dfkm{t 3f]if0ff u/]sf To:tf pBf]usf]
k'g:yf{kgf tyf pko'Qm lgsf;sf] nflu ljQLo If]qaf6 klg ;do;fk]If ;xfotf k|bfg ug'{kg]{ cfjZostf dxz';
u/L of] sfo{ljlw tof/ u/L nfu" ul/Psf] 5 .

-s_ ljQLo If]qaf6 k|bfg ul/g] ;xof]u;'ljwf k|of]hgsf nflu ?U0f pBf]usf] juL{s/0f
!= xfn rfn' jf aGb cj:yfdf /xL k'g:yf{kgf x'g;Sg] ?U0f pBf]u
@= k'g:yf{kgf x'gg;Sg], t/ ;Dks{df /xL ljQLo lgsfz vf]Hg rfxg] ?U0f pBf]u

of] sfo{ljlw tof/ ug]{ qmddf g]kfn /fi6 a}+sn] ldlt @)&))#@# df sfo{ljlwsf] d:of}bf j]e;fO{6df ;fj{hlgs u/L ;'emfj
;+sng u/]sf] / o; ljifodf g]kfn ;/sf/ pBf]u dGqfno-?U0f pBf]u OsfO{_, g]kfn a}+sz{ ;+3, g]kfn pBf]u jfl0fHo dxf;+3
nufotsf lgsfox?af6 k|fKt ;'emfjx?df ;d]t 5nkmn eO{ tof/ ul/Psf] 5 .

104
-v_ ljQLo If]qaf6 pknAw x'g;Sg] ;xof]u;'ljwf
!= xfn rfn' jf aGb cj:yfdf /xL k'g:yf{kgf x'g;Sg] ?U0f pBf]u
s_ ?U0f pBf]usf] Jofj;flos of]hgfnfO{ cfwf/ dfgL shf{ k'g/;+/rgf ug]{ .
v_ a}+ssf] ;fFjf tyf AofhdWo] xhf{gf AofhnfO{ ldgfxf x'g;Sg] Joj:yf u/L ;fwf/0f AofhnfO{
k'FhLs[t gu/L 5'6\6} /fvL lglZrt cjlwkl5 c;'n ug{] Joj:yf ug]{ .
t/ s'g} ?U0f pBf]u k'g/pTyfg ul/ ;~rfngdf cfpg] ljifo /fli6o cy{tGqsf] nflu dxTjk'0f{
/x]sf] ;Gbe{df shf{ nufgL ug]{ ;DalGwt a}+s jf ;xljQLos/0fn] a}+ssf] p7\g ;Sg] /sd c;'n
pk/ ug{sf nflu cfjZostf / cf}lrTotfsf cfwf/df ;fwf/0f Jofh ;d]t ldgfxf u/L Joj;flos
lg0f{o ug{ o; Joj:yfn] afwf k'ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
u_ a}+sn] ?U0f pBf]usf] nflu k'gs{hf{ lng rfx]df g]kfn /fi6 a}+sn] lgWff{/0f u/]adf]lhdsf]
Aofhb/df pknAw u/fpg] .
3_ s'g} klg a}+sn] cfgf] C0fL -?U0f pBf]u_ sf nflu k'gs{hf{sf] ;'ljwf lng grfx]df cfgf] cfwf/
b/ (Base Rate) nfO{ cfwf/ dfgL lk|ldod yk gu/L shf{ sf/f]af/nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg] .
_ shf{ k'g;+{/rgf ePsf] ;doaf6 a}+ssf] gofF c;'nL tflnsf lg/Gt/ @ jif{;Dd lgoldt ePdf
juL{s/0fnfO{ lgoldt dfgL ! k|ltzt dfq shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf ug{ ;Sg] Joj:yf ug]{ .
@= k'g:yf{kgf x'g g;Sg], t/ ;Dks{df /xL ljQLo lgsfz vf]Hg] ?U0f pBf]ux?sf] nflu M
o:tf pBf]ux?sf] lwtf]df /x]sf] ;DklQ ;fdfGo ?kdf lnnfdLdf hfFbf d'No sd x'g ;Sg]
hf]lvdnfO{ b[li6ut u/L C0fL pBf]un] lglZrt ;doleq ;DklQ ljs|L ug{ u|fxs vf]hL Value
Maximization x'g;Sg] of]hgf a}+sdf k]z u/]df a}+s;Fusf] ;dGjodf ljs|L Joj:yfkg u/L C0f
;N6fpg lgsfz vf]h]df a9Ldf ! jif{;Ddsf] ;do k|bfg ug]{] . o; k|of]hgsf nflu ;DalGwt
C0fLn] cf}lrTotf k'i6L x'g] sfuhft ;lxtsf] lgj]bg ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfdf k]z ug'{
kg]{5 .
-u_ ljQLo If]qaf6 k|fKt x'g] ;'ljwfsf] k|lqmof
!= ;DalGwt C0fLn] ljQLo If]qaf6 k|fKt ug{ ;Sg] ;'ljwfsf nflu cfjZos sfuhft ;lxtsf] lgj]bg
;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfdf k]z ug'{kg]{ .
@= k|fKt lgj]bg tyf sfuhftsf cfwf/df ;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] k|rlnt sfg'g tyf o;
sfo{ljwLsf] clwgdf /xL 5'6 tyf ;'ljwf k|bfg ug{ ;Sg] .
#= ;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] k'gs{hf{sf] ;'ljwfsf] nflu cfjZos sfuhft ;lxt o; a}+sdf
lgj]bg lbg ;Sg] .
$= k'gs{hf{sf] nflu k|fKt lgj]bg tyf sfuhftsf cfwf/df o; a}+sn] k'gs{hf{ k|bfg ug{;Sg] .
-3_ ljQLo If]qaf6 pknAw x'g;Sg] ;'ljwfsf] nflu cfjZos sfuhft
!=pBf]unfO{ ?U0f pBf]u 3f]if0ff u/]sf] g]kfn ;/sf/sf] lg0f{o -/fhkq_
@=?U0f pBf]u k'g:yf{kgf ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/zsf] cfwf/df pBf]u dGqfnosf] kq
#=pBf]u ;~rfng x'gsf] nflu k'j{zt{sf] ?kdf /x]sf cGo lgsfoaf6 x'g'kg]{ sfo{x?sf] nflu ;xdlt
k|fKt ePsf] ljj/0f .
$=?U0f pBf]u eljiodf Ps Going Concern sf] ?kdf Jofj;flos ;+:yfsf] ?kdf ;~rfng x'g;Sg]
l:ylt ;lxtsf] ;DalGwt ;fx' a}+sdf k]z ePsf] Jofj;flos of]hgf .
% ?U0f pBf]u ;~rfng x'g g;Sg] cj:yfdf /x]sf]df lgsfzsf] nflu dfly a'Fbf -@_, -#_ / -$_ sf] ;f
;f] Aoxf]/f v'nfO{ C0fL pBf]usf] ;~rfns ;ldltn] tf]lsPsf] ;doleq ;fx' a}+s ;d]tsf] ;xdltdf
lwtf] ;DklQsf] ;'ls|ljs|L u/L C0f /fkm;fkm ug]{ ;DaGwL :jM3f]if0ff .

105
 sfo{ljlw @=@
Joj;flos s[lif tyf kz'kG5L shf{df k|bfg ul/g] Aofh
cg'bfg;DaGwL sfo{ljlw, @)&#

k|:tfjgfM
g]kfn ;/sf/sf] cfly{s jif{ @)&!&@ sf] ah]6 jQmJosf] a'Fbf g+=&^ / cfly{s jif{ @)&#&$ sf] ah]6
jQmJosf] a'Fbf g+=!)( df pNn]v ePadf]lhd a9\bf] a]/f]huf/L / d'n'saf6 o'jfx? knfog x'g] ;d:ofnfO{
;Daf]wg ug{ tyf o'jfx?nfO{ s[lifdf cfslif{t ug{ u|dL0f If]qdf ul/g] Jofj;flos t/sf/L, kz'kG5Lkfng,
hl8j'6L, t/sf/L tyf kmnkm"n v]tL, b'Uw Joj;fo, dT:okfng, Rofp v]tL, hl8a'6L, s[lif e08f/0f, kz' awzfnf
Pj+ df;'hGo Joj;fosf nflu ljQLo ;|f]tsf] kl/rfng ub}{ lgjf{xd'vL s[lif k|0ffnLnfO{ cfw'lgsLs/0f,
ljljlws/0f / Joj;foLs/0f u/L /fli6o cy{tGqdf ;sf/fTds of]ubfg k'ofpg g]kfn ;/sf/ -dlGqkl/ifb_ n]
b]xfoadf]lhdsf] sfo{ljlw agfO{ nfu' u/]sf] 5 .

!= ;+lIfKt gfd / k|f/DeM -!_ o; sfo{ljlwsf] gfd Joj;flos s[lif tyf kz'kG5L shf{df k|bfg ul/g] Aofh
cg'bfg;DaGwL sfo{ljlw, @)&# /x]sf] 5 .

-@_ of] sfo{ljlw t'?Gt k|f/De x'g]5 .

@= kl/efiffM ljifo jf k|;n] csf]{ cy{ gnfu]df o; sfo{ljlwsf] k|of]hgsf nflu

-s_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf eGgfn] o; sfo{ljlw cg';f/ s[lif tyf kz'kG5L shf{ k|jfx ug]{ a}+s
tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;Demg' kb{5 .

-v_ s[lif tyf kz'kG5L Joj;foL eGgfn] o; sfo{ljlw adf]lhd shf{ lnPsf o; sfo{ljlwsf]
cg;"lr! df pNn]lvt s[lif tyf kz'kG5L Joj;fo ;~rfng ug]{ JolQm jf ;+:yfnfO{ ;Demg'k5{ .

-u_ u|fdL0f If]q eGgfn] ufFpkflnsf / gu/kflnsfnfO{ ;Demg'k5{ . ;fy}, ;f] zAbn] s]Gb|Lo ;dGjo
;ldltn] bkmf !) adf]lhd tf]s]sf dxfgu/kflnsf / pkdxfgu/kflnsfsf u|fdL0f If]qnfO{ ;d]6
;Demg'k5{ .

-3_ s[lif tyf kz'kG5L Joj;fo eGgfn] o; sfo{ljlwsf]] cg';'rL! df pNn]v ul/Psf If]qx?df
>d tyf k"FhL nufgL u/L ul/Psf] Joj;fo ;Demg'kb{5 .

-8=_ s[lif tyf kz'kG5L shf{ eGgfn] o; sfo{ljlwsf] cg';"lr! df pNn]v ul/Psf If]qx?df a}+s
tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] k|jfx u/]sf] shf{ ;Demg'kb{5 .

-r_ s[lif e08f/0f eGgfn] k|fylds s[lif pkh -t/sf/L, kmnkm"n, hl8j'6L, b'Uw kbfy{ tyf df5f_
pTkfbg u/L e08f/0f ug]{ sfo{ ;Demg' kb{5 . ;f] zAbn] :jb]zdf pTkfbg ePsf k|fylds s[lif
pkh -t/sf/L, kmnkm"n, hl8j'6L, b'Uw kbfy{ tyf df5f_ v/Lb u/L e08f/0f ug]{ sfonfO{ ;d]t
hgfpFb5 .

#= s[lif tyf kz'kG5L shf{df k|bfg ul/g] Aofh cg'bfg;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ s[lif tyf kz'kG5L
Joj;foLx?nfO{ o; sfo{ljlwsf] cg';"rL! df tf]lsPsf If]qx?df cfslif{t ug{ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfaf6
s[lif tyf kz'kG5L Joj;fosf nflu k|jflxt shf{df g]kfn ;/sf/n] % k|ltzt Aofh cg'bfg pknJw
u/fpg]5 .
-@_ o:tf] Jofh cg'bfg of] sfo{ljlw nfu' ePkl5 shf{ lng] Cl0fx?nfO{ dfq pknAw x'g]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] Joj;fo u|fdL0f If]qdf :Yffkgf eO{ ;~rfngdf /x]sf] x'g' kg]{5 . o:tf]
shf{df a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] C0fLaf6 Jofh cg'bfg jfx]s % k|ltzt eGbf a9L Aofhb/ glng]

106
 u/L shf{ nufgL ug'{ kg]{5 . ;fy}, o:tf] shf{df lnOg] Aofhdf cGo lgsfonfO{ lbg'kg]{ aLdf
z'Ns, shf{ ;'rgf ;DaGwL z'Ns h:tf z'Ns afx]s cGo s'g} klg k|sf/sf] ;]jf z'Ns lng kfO{g]
5}g .
-$_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd Joj;fosf nflu k|jfx ug]{ shf{sf] clwstd ;Ldf ;ft s/f]8 /xg]5 . t/,
k|lt u|fxs kfFr s/f]8 ?k}of eGbf a9Lsf] xsdf s]Gb|Lo ;dGjo tyf cg'udg ;ldlt ;dIf
:jLs[ltsf nflu k]z ug'{kg]{5 . ;f] ;ldltn] kl/of]hgfsf] cfjZostf tyf cf}lrTotfsf] cfwf/df
pQm ;LdfeGbf a9L shf{ k|jfx ug{ :jLs[lt lbg ;Sg]5 . o:tf] shf{sf] ;fFjf tyf Aofh e'QmfgL
cjlw tLg dlxgf eGbf sd x'g] 5}g .
-%_ o; sfo{ljlw adf]lhd k|To]s a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ Aofh cg'bfg k|fKt x'g] u/L k|jfx ug]{
shf{sf] z'? ;Ldf tLg ca{ ?k}of x'g]5 . ;f] ;Ldf eGbf a9L shf{ nufgL ug'{k/]df ;DalGwt a}+s
tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] yk ;Ldfsf nflu g]kfn /fi6 a}+s, a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu
;dIf cu|Ld :jLs[ltsf nflu k]z ug'{kg]{5 . ljefun] cfjZostf tyf cf}lrTotf x]/L :jLs[lt
lbg]5 .
-^_ o; sfo{ljlwadf]lhd Aofh cg'bfg lbOg] shf{sf] e'QmfgL cjlw a9Ldf % jif{sf] x'g]5 . t/,
ljz]if k|s[ltsf] kl/of]hgfsf] xsdf ;dGjo tyf cg'udg ;ldltn] cfjZostf tyf cf}lrTotf
x]/L shf{sf] e'QmfgL cjlw a9Ldf @ jif{ yk ug{ ;Sg]5 . C0fLn] cg'bfg kfpg] Aofh /sd
afx]s c? nfu]sf] ;Dk"0f{ Aofh /sd ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{{ e'QmfgL u/]kl5 dfq
Aofh cg'bfgsf nflu of]Uo dflgg]5 .
-&_ o; sfo{ljlwdf pNn]lvt Aofhb/ cg'bfgsf] k|ltzt tyf cGo Joj:yfx?df s]Gb|Lo ;dGjo tyf
cg'udg ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/zdf g]kfn ;/sf/n] cfjZostf cg';f/ k'g/fjnf]sg ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-*_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] s[lif tyf kz'kG5L shf{ k|jfx ubf{ s[lif tyf kz'kG5L pTkfbgdf
k|of]u ul/g] hdLg lwtf] lnO{ jf s[lif afnLsf] lwtf]df shf{ k|jfx ug{ jf ?=!) nfv;Dd ;fd"lxs
hdfgLsf cfwf/df shf{ k|jfx ug{ ;Sg]5g\ . s[lif afnL lwtf] lnO{ shf{ k|jfx ubf{ s[lif afnLsf]
aLdf ug'{kg]{5 / aLdf /sdn] vfDg] ;Ldf;Dd dfq shf{ k|jfx ug{ ;lsg]5 . o; sfo{ljlw
adf]lhdsf] s'g} klg shf{ k|jfx ubf{ kl/of]hgfsf] ;DefJotfnfO{ d'Vo cfwf/sf] ?kdf lng' kg]{5 .

$= s[lif tyf kz'kG5L shf{df k|bfg ul/g] Aofh cg'bfg /sdsf] e'QmfgL k|lqmof M -!_ Aofh cg'bfg :j?k
k|bfg ul/g] /sd pknAw u/fpg] k|of]hgsf] nflu g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfn /fi6 a}+ssf] ;DalGwt ljefuaf6
;~rfng x'g] u/L a+}ls sfof{nodf s[lif shf{ Aofh cg'bfg zf]wegf{ gfdsf] Pp6f vftf vf]Ng]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] vftfdf g]kfn ;/sf/, cy{ dGqfnon] ? %) s/f]8 clu|d ?kdf hDdf
ug]{5 . pQm /sdn] gk'u ePdf jf Aofh cg'bfg lg/Gt/ ?kdf k|bfg ug'{k/]df s]Gb|Lo ;dGjo
tyf cg'udg ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/zdf g]kfn ;/sf/, cy{ dGqfnon] cfjZos /sd yk ug]{5 .
-#_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] o; sfo{ljlw adf]lhd k|jflxt shf{sf] ;b'kof]lutf osLg u/L C0fLn]
q}dfl;s cjlwdf e'QmfgL ug'{kg]{ shf{ /sd e'QmfgL u/]sf] k|df0f ;lxt o; sfo{ljlwsf] cg';"rL
# df plNnlvt 9frfFdf g]kfn /fi6 a}+sdf Aofh cg'bfgsf nflu lgj]bg lbg' kg]{5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd k|fKt lgj]bgsf cfwf/df g]kfn /fi6 a}+sn] ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo
;+:yfx?nfO{ Jofhdf lbg' kg]{ cg'bfg /sdsf] zf]wegf{ s[lif shf{ Aofh cg'bfg ;f]wegf{ vftfaf6
g]kfn /fi6 a}+ssf] sfof{nox?df /x]sf vftf dfkm{t jf ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] dfu
cg'?k s'g} csf]{ ljQLo ;+:yfdf /x]sf] vftf dfkm{t zf]wegf{ lbOg] 5 .
-%_ pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd ;f]wegf{ lbPsf] /sd pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhdsf] /sdn] gvfd]df g]kfn /fi6
a}+sn] rf}dfl;s ?kdf g]kfn ;/sf/jf6 k|fKt ug{] 5 .

%= shf{ juL{s/0f tyf hf]lvd ;DaGwL Joj:Yff M -!_ o; sfo{ljlw adf]lhd cg'bfg k|fKt ug]{ shf{x?sf]
juL{s/0f g]kfn /fi6 a}+sn] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ hf/L u/]sf] PsLs[t lgb]{zg adf]lhd x'g]5 .
k|rlnt sfg"g, g]kfn /fi6 a}+ssf] lgodg / lgb]{zgsf] kl/lwleq /xL o:tf] shf{sf] nufgL, cg'udg,
;'/If0f, aLdf tyf c;'nL ;DaGwdf ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] :ki6 gLlt / k|lqmof agfO{ nfu'
ug'{ kg]{5 .

107
 -@_ C0fLn] ;fFjf Aofh lgoldt u/]sf] cj:yfdf ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn]] g]kfn ;/sf/af6
kfpg' kg]{ Aofh /sd ;d]t ;f]xL cjlwsf] Aofh cg'bfg cfDbfgLdf u0fgf ug{ ;lsg]5 . g]kfn
;/sf/af6 kfpg'kg]{ Aofh cg'bfg jfktsf] o:tf] /sdnfO{ k'FhLsf]if cg'kft u0fgf k|of]hgsf
nflu ;/sf/ dflysf] bfjL ;/x z'Go k|ltzt hf]lvd ef/ k|bfg ug{ ;Sg]5g\ .

^= s[lif tyf kz'kG5L Joj;fo u/L o; sfo{ljlw adf]lhd Aofh cg'bfg /sd dfu ug]{ C0fLn] ug'{ kg]{ sfo{
M s[lif tyf kz'kG5L shf{df Aofh cg'bfg /sd dfu ug]{ C0fLn] b]xfo adf]lhd sfo{ ug{'kg]{5 M
-s_ o; sfo{ljlwdf tf]lsPsf] k|lqmof adf]lhd Aofh cg'bfg ;lxtsf] s[lif tyf kz'kG5L shf{ lngsf]
nflu o; sfo{ljlwsf] cg';"rL@ adf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;dIf
lgj]bg k]z ug]{ .
-v_ cfkm'n] lnPsf] shf{sf] ;f+jf Aofh /sd ;dod} e'QmfgL ug]]{, shf{ ;'/lIft ug{sf nflu a}+s tyf
ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] dfu]sf ljj/0f pknAw u/fpg] / tf]s]sf zt{x?sf] kfngf ug]{ .
-u_ h'g p2]Zosf] nflu shf{ lnPsf] xf] ;f]xL p2]Zosf nflu dfq shf{ nufgL ug'{ kg]{5 . pQm shf{
;b'kof]u ePsf] gkfO{Pdf Jofh cg'bfg lbO{g] 5}g .

&= ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] sfd, st{Ao / clwsf/ M s[lif tyf kz'kG5L shf{df Aofh cg'bfgsf]
zf]wegf{ lng] k|of]hgsf] nflu ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] ug'{kg]{ sfd, st{Ao / clwsf/ b]xfo
adf]lhd x'g]5M
-s_ s[lif tyf kz'kG5L shf{df Aofh cg'bfg /sd k|fKt ug{] u/L Joj;foLn] shf{sf] nflu lgj]bg
lbPdf kl/of]hgfsf] ;DefJotf tyf shf{sf] ;b'kof]u x'g] cfwf/df shf{ k|jfx ug]{ . shf{ k|jfx
ug{ g;lsg] ePdf shf{ nufgL ug{ g;lsg] :ki6 sf/0f ;lxt ;DalGwt Joj;foLnfO{ hfgsf/L
lbg] .
-v_ s[lif tyf kz'kG5L shf{df Aofh cg'bfg /sd k|fKt ug{sf nflu o; sfo{ljlwsf] cg';"lr# df
pNn]lvt lgj]bgsf] 9fFrfdf C0fLn] cg'bfg kfpg] Jofh /sd afx]s c? Jofh /sd c;'n u/]sf]
k|df0f ;lxt g]kfn /fi6 a}+s;Fu zf]wegf{ dfu ug]{ .
-u_ v08 -s_ adf]lhd Aofh cg'bfg k|fKt x'g] u/L k|bfg ul/Psf] shf{ ;DaGwL q}dfl;s ljj/0f
cg';'lr$, cg';'lr% / cg';"lr^ adf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf !% lbgleq g]kfn /fi6 a}+snfO{ pknAw
u/fpg] .
-3_ clgjfo{ ?kdf ;b'kof]lutf lg/LIf0f u/L ;f] sf] clen]v cBfjlws u/L /fVg] .
-_ o; cGtu{t nufgL u/]sf] shf{sf] Aofhb/ nufgL cjlwe/ a[l4 ug{ kfO{g] 5}g .
-r_ g]kfn ;/sf/ jf g]kfn /fi6 a}+saf6 cg'udg ubf{ shf{ ;b'kof]u ePsf] gkfO{Pdf Aofh cg'bfg
lbPsf] /sd a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ ;f]wegf{ lbO{g] 5}g .

*= g]kfn /fi6 a}+ssf] sfd, st{Ao / clwsf/ M g]kfn /fi6 j}+ssf] sfd, st{Ao / clwsf/ b]xfo adf]lhd
x'g]5M
-s_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfaf6 s[lif tyf kz'kG5L shf{df k|bfg ul/g] Aofh cg'bfg /sd dfu eO{
cfPdf s[lif shf{ Aofh cg'bfg zf]wegf{ vftfaf6 ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ zf]wegf{
/sd pknAw u/fpg] .
-v_ v08 -s_ adf]lhd a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ zf]wegf{ pknAw u/fOPsf] /sdsf] q}dfl;s ljj/0f
cy{ dGqfnonfO{ pknAw u/fpg] .
-u_ of] sfo{ljlwsf] k|efjsf/L ?kn] sfof{Gjog ug{sf nflu cfjZos lgodg, lg/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0f
ug]{ .
-3_ shf{ lg/LIf0f ubf{ p2]Zocg'?k ePsf] gkfO{Pdf k|rlnt sfg"g tyf g]kfn /fi6 a}+sn] hf/L u/]sf]
lgb]{zg adf]lhd ;DalGwt kIfnfO{ sf/afxL ug]{ .

108
(= s]Gb|Lo ;dGjo tyf cg'udg ;ldltsf] u7g / sfd st{Jo tyf clwsf/ M -!_ s[lif tyf kz'kG5L shf{df
k|bfg ul/g] Aofh cg'bfg ;DaGwL sfo{sf] s]Gb|Lo :t/df ;dGjo tyf cg'udg ug{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf]
Pp6f s]GbLo ;dGjo tyf cg'udg ;ldlt u7g x'g]5
-s_ 8]k'6L ueg{/, g]kfn /fi6 a}+s ;+of]hs
-a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu x]g]{_
-v_ sfo{sf/L lgb]{zs, g]kfn /fi6 a}+s ;b:o
-a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:Yff lgodg ljefu_
-u_ ;x;lrj, cy{ dGqfno ;b:o
-3_ ;x;lrj, s[lif ljsf; dGqfno ;b:o
-_ ;x;lrj, kz'kG5L ljsf; dGqfno ;b:o
-r_ cWoIf, g]kfn a}+sz{ Pzf]l;Pzg ;b:o
-5_ lgb]{zs, g]kfn /fi6 a}+s ;b:o ;lrj
-a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:Yff lgodg ljefu_
-@_ ;ldltn] cfjZos k/]df a9Ldf b'O{hgf lj1nfO{ a}7sdf cfdlGqt ug{ ;Sg]5 . ;ldltsf] ;lrjfno
g]kfn /fi6 a}+s, a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefudf /xg]5 .
-#_ ;lrjfnon] ;ldltn] tf]s]sf sfo{x? ug]{5 .

!)= s]Gb|Lo ;dGjo tyf cg'udg ;ldltsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ M -!_ s[lif tyf kz'kG5L shf{df k|bfg
ul/g] Aofh cg'bfg;DaGwL Joj:yfsf] k|efjsf/L ?kdf sfof{Gjogsf nflu cfjZos ;dGjo tyf
cg'udg ug]{, lg/LIf0f u/fpg], sfo{ljlwsf] sfof{Gjogdf s'g} afwf c8sfp pTkGg ePdf afwf c8sfp
km'sfpg], sfo{ljlw tyf cg';"lrsf] JofVof ug]{ tyf sfo{ljlwdf ePsf Joj:yfx?df x]/km]/ ug'{ k/]df
k'g/fjnf]sgsf nflu g]kfn ;/sf/, cy{ dGqfno ;dIf l;kmfl/z ug]{ sfo{ s]Gb|Lo ;dGjo tyf cg'udg
;ldltn] ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-@_ ;ldltsf] a}7s sDtLdf q}dfl;s ?kdf a:g]5 .

!!= lhNnf:t/Lo ;dGjo tyf cg'udg ;ldltsf] Joj:yf M -!_ s[lif tyf kz'kG5L shf{df k|bfg ul/g] Jofh
cg'bfg;DjGwL Joj:yfsf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjogsf nflu lgDgfg';f/sf] lhNnf :t/Lo ;dGjo tyf
cg'udg ;ldlt /xg]5
-s_ lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no k|d'v ;+of]hs
-v_ lhNnf kz' ;]jf sfof{no k|d'v ;b:o
-u_ g]kfn /fi6 a}+ssf] ;DalGwt lhNnfl:yt sfof{nosf
cg';Gwfg OsfO{ k|d'v -cfkm\gf] sfof{no /x]sf] lhNnfdf dfq_ ;b:o
-3_ /fli6o jfl0fHo a}+sg]kfn a}+s ln=s[lif ljsf; a}+s dWo]af6
Pshgf zfvf sfof{no k|d'v ;b:o
-_ cGo a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfdWo]af6 Pshgf zfvf sfof{no k|d'v ;b:o
-r_ k|d'v, sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{no ;b:o
-5_ k|ltlglw, :yfgLo tx ;b:o
-@_ pko'{Qm adf]lhd ul7t lhNnf :t/Lo ;dGjo tyf cg'udg ;ldltsf] ;lrjfno lhNnf s[lif ljsf;
sfof{nodf /xg]5 / ;b:o ;lrj ;+of]hsn] tf]Sg]5 . ;f] ;lrjfnon] ;ldltsf ;a} ;b:ox?sf]
ljj/0f ;+sng u/L g]kfn ;/sf/, s[lif ljsf; dGqfno, kz'k+5L ljsf; dGqfno / s]Gb|Lo ;dGjo
tyf cg'udg ;ldltsf] ;lrjfnodf k7fpg' kg{]5 .

109
!@= lhNnf :t/Lo ;dGjo tyf cg'udg ;ldltsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ M -!_ lhNnf:t/Lo ;dGjo tyf
cg'udg ;ldltsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ b]xfo adf]lhd /xg]5
-s_ s[lif tyf kz'kG5L shf{sf] k|efjsf/L ljt/0fsf nflu cfd s[ifsx? ;dIf o;sf] hfgsf/L u/fpg
:YffgLo ?kdf k|rf/ k|;f/ ug]{ .
-v_ lhNnfdf s[lif tyf kz'kG5L shf{nfO{ ;xh kfg{ ;d'lrt Joj:yf ldnfpg] .
-u_ s[lif tyf kz'kG5L shf{ ljt/0fsf qmddf lhNnfl:yt s[ifsx?sf u'gf;fx?nfO{ oyf]lrt ?kdf
;Daf]wg ug{ kxn ug]{ .
-3_ lhNnfdf k|jfx ePsf] s[lif tyf kz'kG5L shf{sf] ljj/0f tof/ u/L s]Gb|Lo ;dGjo tyf cg'udg
;ldltdf k]z ug]{ .
-_ s]Gb|Lo ;dGjo tyf cg'udg ;ldltsf] lg0f{ofg';f/ k|fKt lgb]{zgx? kfngf ug]{u/fpg] .
-r_ ;ldltsf] a}7s sDtLdf q}dfl;s ?kdf a:g] .
-5_ s]Gb|Lo ;dGjo tyf cg'udg ;ldltn] tf]ssf cGo sfo{x? ug]{ .

!#= u'gf;f] ;DaGwL Joj:yf M o; sfo{ljlwsf] sfof{Gjogsf qmddf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] shf{ k|jfx
gu/]sf], s[lif tyf kz'kG5L Joj;foLn] ;]jf ;'ljwf gkfPsf] tyf C0fsf] ;b'kof]u gePsf] nufotsf
u'gf;f] ;'Gg] tyf ;f]sf cfwf/df cfjZos sfd sf/jfxL cuf8L a9fpg] sfo{ s]Gb|Lo ;dGjo tyf
cg'udg ;ldlt tyf lhNnf:t/Lo ;dGjo tyf cg'udg ;ldltn] ug]{5 .

!$= ;+zf]wg tyf x]/km]/ M g]kfn ;/sf/, cy{ dGqfnon] s[lif ljsf; dGqfno / kz'k+5L ljsf; dGqfnosf]
;dGjodf o; sfo{ljlwsf] cg';"lr! df cfjZostfcg';f/ ;+zf]wg Pj+ x]/km]/ ug{ ;Sg]5 .

!%= vf/]hL tyf arfpm M -!_ g]kfn ;/sf/, cy{ dGqfnoaf6 hf/L ul/Psf] o'jfx?nfO{ Jo;flos s[lif shf{df
k|bfg ul/g] Aofh cg'bfg ;DaGwL, @)&! vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 .

-@_ pka'Fbf -!_ adf]lhd vf/]h ul/Psf] sfo{ljlw adf]lhd eP u/]sf sfd sf/afxL o;} sfo{ljlw
adf]lhd eP u/]sf] dflgg]5 .

110
 cg';"rL !
-bkmf # sf] pkbkmf -!_ ;F+u ;DalGwt_

g]kfn ;/sf/n] pknAw u/fpg] Aofh cg'bfgsf nflu of]Uo s[lif Joj;fox?
1= t/sf/L pTkfbg, pTkfbg, k|zf]wg tyf e08f/0f,
2= ljp ljhg pTkfbg, k|zf]wg tyf e08f/0f, ljqmL ljt/0f
3= k'ik Joj;fo,
4= kz'k+IfLkfng,
5= cli6r, 6sL{ / xfF; kfng, ;f]sf] df;' tyf c08fsf] e08f/0f tyf k|zf]wg tyf ljqmL ljt/0f,
6= kmnkm"n pTkfbg, pTkflbt kmnkm'nsf] k|zf]wg tyf e08f/0f, ljqmL ljt/0f
7= b'Uw pTkfbg, k|zf]wg / ljqmL ljt/0f
8= dT:okfng, pTkflbt df5fsf] e08f/0f tyf ljqmL ljt/0f,
9= Rofp pTkfbg, k|zf]wg tyf e08f/0f, ljqmL ljt/0f
10= kz'awzfnf Pj+ df;'hGo pTkfbg Joj;fo, ;f]sf] e08f/0f tyf k|;f]wg, ljqmL ljt/0f
11= hl8j'6L pTkfbg, k|zf]wg / e08f/0f tyf ljqmL ljt/0f
12= pv' v]tL, skmL v]tL, lrof v]tL, cn}rL v]tL, cb'jf v]tL, a];f/ v]tL, h}t'g v]tL, ;'o{d'vL v]tL cNnf]
pTkfbg, nf]Stf v]tL / To;sf] e08f/0f tyf k|zf]wg / ljqmL ljt/0f,
13= df}/L kfng Joj;fo,
14= hf}, kmfk/, l;nfd, pTkfbg, k|zf]wg / ljqmL ljt/0f,
15= g]kfn ;/sf/n] ;do;dodf yk u/]sf cGo s[lif Joj;fox? .

111
 cg';"rL@
-bkmf ^ sf] v08 s ;F+u ;DalGwt_

C0fLn] Aofh cg'bfg ;lxtsf] s[lif tyf kz'kG5L shf{sf nflu a}+sdf lbg] lgj]bgsf] 9fFrf

ldltM @)&== == ==
>L ================================ a}+s ln=
============================================= .

ljifoM Aofh cg'bfg ;lxtsf] s[lif tyf kz'kG5L shf{ af/] .

dxfzo,
pko'{Qm ;DaGwdf g]kfn ;/sf/n] cf=j= @)&!&@ tyf ;f] kZrft\sf ah]6 jQmJox? dfkm{t\ 3f]if0ff
u/L Joj;flos s[lif tyf kz'kG5L shf{df k|bfg ul/g] Aofh cg'bfg;DaGwL sfo{ljlw, @)&# adf]lhd shf{
pkef]u ug{sf nflu dnfO{d]/f] -kmd{, sDkgL, ;+:yf_ ==========nfO{ ================ k|of]hgsf nflu shf{ k|bfg
ul/lbg x'g of] lgjb]g k]z u/]sf] 5' . ;fy}, To; a}+sn] tf]s]sf sfuhft tyf ljj/0f ;d]t o;} lgjb]g ;fy
;+nUg u/L k]z u/]sf 5'5f}+ . d}n] k|rlnt sfg'g, g]kfn /fi6 a}+saf6 hf/L ul/Psf lgodg, lgb]{zg / kl/kq
tyf wgL a}+saf6 tf]lsPsf zt{x?sf] clwgdf /xL shf{sf] ;xL ;b'kof]u u/L shf{sf] ;fFjf tyf Aofh ;dod}
e'QmfgL ug]{5' .

gfdM
7]ufgf M
;Dks{ 6]lnkmf]g g+=

kmd{, sDkgL, ;+:yf, pBf]u eP,

gfdM
5fkM
7]ufgfM
;Dks{ 6]lnkmf]g g+=

112
 cg';"rL #
-bkmf $ sf] pkbkmf -#_ / bkmf & sf] v08 v ;Fu ;DalGwt_
================================ a}+s ln=

ldltM @)&== == ==
>L g]kfn /fi6 a}+s,
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu,
====================== .

ljifo M s[lif tyf kz'kG5L shf{df k|bfg ul/g] Aofh rfn' cf=j======= sf] ======== q}df;sf] cg'bfg af/] .

dxfzo,
o; a}+sn] Joj;flos s[lif tyf kz'kG5L shf{df k|bfg ul/g] Aofh cg'bfg;DaGwL sfo{ljlw, @)&#
cg'?k k|jfx u/]sf] shf{df o;};fy ;+nUg ljj/0f -cg';"rL$_ adf]lhdsf C0fLx?n] cg'bfg kfpg] afx]ssf]
Aofh /sd hDdf u/]sf] / ;f] shf{sf] ;b'kof]u ub}{ cfPsf]n] pQm shf{x?df kfpg] Aofh cg'bfg jfktsf] /sd
s'n ? ==============-cIf]/]kL ?======================_ txfFsf] a}ls sfof{no l:yt o; a}+ssf] vftf g+= ========== df
hDdf x'g] u/L pknAw u/fO{ lbg' x'g cg'/f]w ub{5f}+ . ;fy}, pk/f]Qm cjlwdf ;DalGwt C0fx?af6 Aofh jfkt
/sd ? ==============-cIf]/]kL ?=======================_ c;'n pk/ eO;s]sf] Joxf]/f ;d]t cg'/f]w 5 . ;fy}, pko'{Qm
s[lif tyf kz'kG5L shf{x? ;b'kof]u ePsf] Joxf]/f ;d]t cg'/f]w 5 .

===================== a}+sljQLo ;+:yf sf] tk{maf6

b:tvtM
gfd M
kb M
5fk M
ljefusfof{no M

a}+sn] !) k|ltzt Aofhb/df s[ifsnfO{ C0f nufgL u/]sf] cj:yfdf % k|ltzt Aofh s[ifsaf6 lnPkZrft\ %
k|ltzt Aofh cg'bfgsf] ?kdf g]kfn /fi6 a}+s;Fu bfaL ug]{ . To;}u/L a}+sn] ( k|ltzt Aofhb/df s[ifsnfO{ C0f
nufgL u/]sf] cj:yfdf $ k|ltzt Aofh s[ifsaf6 lnPkZrft\ % k|ltzt Aofh cg'bfgsf] ?kdf g]kfn /fi6
a}+s;Fu bfaL ug]{ .

113
 cg';"rL $
-bkmf & sf] v08 u ;Fu ;DalGwt_
ldltM @)&== == ==
>Ldfg\ sfo{sf/L lgb]{zsHo",
g]kfn /fi6 a}+s,
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu,
sf7df08f}+ .
ljifo M Aofhdf cg'bfg k|bfg ul/Psf s[lif tyf kz'kG5L shf{sf] ======== q}df;sf] ljj/0f .

dxf]bo\,
Joj;flos s[lif tyf kz'kG5L shf{df k|bfg ul/g] Aofh cg'bfg ;DaGwL sfo{ljlw, @)&# n] u/]sf]
Joj:yfcg';f/ o; ;+:yfn] ljleGg zLif{sdf k|jfx ePsf] shf{sf] q}dfl;s ljj/0f b]xfo adf]lhd /x]sf] 5 .

zf]wegf{ kfpg'kg]{ shf{sf] ========== q}df;sf] ljj/0f

qm=;+= C0fLsf] shf{ shf{ shf{ k|jfx shf{ shf{ o; cjlwdf Aofh

s}lkmot
gfd zLif{s k|jfx ldlt aSof}tf e'QmfgL C0fLaf6 c;'n cg'bfg
ldlt -?_ ldlt x'g'kg]{ Aofh /sd -?_
/sd -?_

hDdf

zf]wegf{ kfpg'kg]{ hDdf /sd ?=================== cIf]/]kL ?==================

===================== a}+ssf] tk{maf6
b:tvtM
gfd M
kb M
5fk M
ljefusfof{no M

114
 cg';"rL %
-bkmf & sf] v08 u ;Fu ;DalGwt_
ldltM @)&== == ==
>Ldfg\ sfo{sf/L lgb]{zsHo",
g]kfn /fi6 a}+s,
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu,
sf7df08f}+ .

ljifo M Aofhdf cg'bfg cGtu{t k|jfx eO{ lgoldt gePsf shf{sf] ==========q}dfl;s ljj/0f .

dxf]bo\
Joj;flos s[lif tyf kz'kG5L shf{df k|bfg ul/g] Aofh cg'bfg ;DaGwL sfo{ljlw, @)&# n] u/]sf]
Joj:yf cg';f/ o; ;+:yfn] ljleGg zLif{sdf k|jfx eO{ lgoldt gePsf shf{sf] q}dfl;s ljj/0f b]xfo adf]lhd
/x]sf] 5 .
lgoldt gePsf shf{sf] =========== q}df;sf] ljj/0f
qm=;+= C0fLsf] shf{ shf{ shf{ shf{ o; cjlwdf Aofh s}lkmot
gfd zLif{s k|jfx ;fFjf e'QmfgL C0fLaf6 c;'n cg'bfgsf]
ldlt aSof}tf ldlt x'g'kg]{ Aofh /sd cg'dflgt
-?_ -?_ /sd -?_

hDdf

c;'n x'g afFsL hDdf ;fFjf Aofh /sd ?=================== cIf]/]kL ?==================
===================== a}+ssf] tk{maf6
b:tvtM
gfd M
kb M
5fk M
ljefusfof{no M

115
 cg';"lr ^
-bkmf & sf] v08 u ;Fu ;DalGwt_
ldlt M @)&===========
>Ldfg\ sfo{sf/L lgb]{zsHo",
g]kfn /fi6 a}+s,
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu,
sf7df8f}+ .

laifo M Aofh cg'bfg cGtu{t k|jfx ePsf shf{sf] If]qut q}dfl;s ljj/0f .
dxf]bo,
Joj;flos s[lif tyf kz'kG5L shf{df k|bfg ul/g] Aofh cg'bfg;DaGwL sfo{ljlw, @)&# df ePsf]
Joj:yf adf]lhd o; ;+:yfn] k|jfx u/]sf shf{x?sf] If]qut q}dfl;s ljj/0f b]xfo adf]lhd /x]sf] 5 .
If]qut shf{sf] ============q}dfl;s ljj/0f
qm=;+= ljsf; If]q lhNnf xfn;Dd k|jflxt xfnsf] ;fFjf xfn;Dd k|bfg ul/Psf] s"n o; q}df;df k|bfg ul/g]
shf{ -?_ aSof}tf -?_ Aofh cg'bfg /sd -?_ Aofh cg'bfg /sd -?_
!= k"jf{~rn
@= k"jf{~rn
=== k"jf{~rn
hDdf
!= dWodf~rn
@= dWodf~rn
=== dWodf~rn
hDdf
===
===
s'n

ejbLo,

b:tvt M
gfd M
kb M
ljefusfof{no M
a}+ssf] 5fk M

116
 g]kfn /fi6 a}+s
s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu

O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= #)&$

Psn u|fxs tyf If]qut shf{ ;fk^ / ;"ljwfsf] ;Ldf lgwf{/)f ;DaGwL Joj:yf .

o; a}+saf6 s, v / u ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfaf6 Pp6} u|fxs, kmd{, sDkgL jf cfk;L

;DaGw ePsf u|fxsx?sf] ;d'xnfO{ tyf cy{ Joj:yfsf] Ps} If]qdf k|jfx x'g] shf{sf ;DaGwdf g]kfn /fi6 a}+s
P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf &( n] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L b]xfosf] lgb]{zg hf/L ul/Psf] 5 .
!= shf{ ;fk6 tyf ;'ljwfsf] ;Ldf lgwf{/0fM
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] Pp6} u|fxs, kmd{, sDkgL jf cfk;L ;DaGw ePsf u|fxsx?sf] ;d'xnfO{ sf]ifdf
cfwfl/t (Fund Based) shf{ ;fk6 / u}/sf]ifdf cfwfl/t (Non-Fund Based) ;'ljwfx? ;d]t u/L
cfgf] k|fylds k'FhLsf] a9Ldf @% k|ltzt;Ddsf] ;Ldf sfod u/L k|bfg ug{ ;Sg]5g\ .
b]zsf] pTkfbg, /f]huf/L nufotsf kIfnfO{ b[li6ut u/L lgof{t If]q, ;fgf tyf demf}nf pBf]u, cf}ifwL
pTkfbg pBf]u, s[lif If]q, ko{6g pBf]u, l;d]G6 pBf]u, kmnfd pBf]u tyf cGo pTkfbgd"ns pBf]ux?df
k|jfx x'g] shf{sf] Psn u|fxs shf{ ;Ldf clwstd #) k|ltzt sfod ul/Psf] 5 . o;/L shf{ ;fk6 tyf
;'ljwfsf] ;Ldf :jLs[t ubf{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] nflu cfGtl/s n]vfkl/Ifsn] k|dfl0ft u/]sf] 7Ls
cl3Nnf] qodf;sf] jf;nftdf b]lvg] k|fylds k'FhLsf] cfwf/df k|ltu|fxs shf{ ;fk6 tyf ;'ljwfsf] ;Ldf
lgwf{/0f ug'{ kg]{5 .
s'g} u|fxs ;d'xdf pko{'Qm adf]lhdsf b'j} k|sf/sf ;Ldf sfod ug'{kg]{ k|s[ltsf pBf]u, Joj;fox? /x]sf]
cj:yfdf To:tf] u|fxs ;d'xnfO{ s'n shf{ ;fk6 tyf ;'ljwfsf] ;Ldf #) k|ltzt sfod ug'{kg]{5 . t/
To:tf] s'n shf{ ;fk6 tyf ;'ljwf cGtu{t #) k|ltzt shf{ ;Ldf sfod ug'{kg]{ egL dfly pNn]v
ul/Psf pBf]u afx]ssf shf{ ;fk6 tyf ;'ljwfsf] ;Ldf eg] @% k|ltzt eGbf a9L x'g] 5}g .
@= hnljB't kl/of]hgf, ljB't k|;f/0f nfOg (Transmission Line) / s]jnsf/ lgdf{0f kl/of]hgfdf shf{
k|jfx ug]{ ;DaGwdfM
-s_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] hnljB't kl/of]hgf, ljB't k|;f/0f nfOg -Transmission Line_ /
s]jnsf/ lgdf{0f kl/of]hgfdf sf]ifdf cfwfl/t shf{ tyf u}/ sf]ifdf cfwfl/t ;'ljwf k|fylds
k'FhLsf] a9Ldf %) k|ltzt;Dd k|jfx ug{ ;Sg] 5g\ .
t/, hnljB't kl/of]hgfsf] xsdf k|fylds k'FhLsf] @% k|ltzteGbf a9L shf{ k|jfx ug'{ kg]{
cj:yfdf ;DalGwt lgsfo;Fu clgjfo{ ?kdf ljB't vl/b ;Demf}tf (Power Purchase Agreement)
ePsf] x'g' kg]{5 .
-v_ o:tf kl/of]hgfsf] e'QmfgL tflnsf -Repayment Schedule_ tof/ ubf{ gub k|jfx tyf cGo
k|df0fsf] cfwf/df k'i6L x'g] u/L ug'{ kg]{5 .
-u_ kl/of]hgf ljZn]if0f u/L ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] to u/]sf] Moratorium Period cyjf
To:tf] kl/of]hgfjf6 ljB't pTkfbg x'g] ;dodWo] h'g ;do cufl8 x'G5 ;f]xL ldltaf6 ls:tf
c;'n ug'{ kg]{5 .
-3_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] ljz'4 hnljB't kl/of]hgf, ljB't k|zf/0f nfOg
(Transmission Line) / s]jnsf/ lgdf{0f ;DaGwL kl/of]hgfx?df nufgL ubf{ dfq ljBdfg @%
k|ltztsf] Psn u|fxs shf{ ;LdfnfO{ j[l4 u/L sf]ifdf cfwfl/t shf{ tyf u}/ sf]ifdf cfwfl/t
;'ljwf ;d]t u/L hDdf k|fylds k'FhLsf] a9Ldf %) k|ltzt;Dd nufgL ;Ldf sfod ul/Psf] 5 .

117
 t/, hnljB't kl/of]hgf, ljB't k|zf/0f nfOg (Transmission Line) / s]jnsf/ lgdf{0f ;DaGwL
kl/of]hgf ;DaGwL u|fxsn] u}/ hnljB'tljB't k|zf/0f nfOgs]jnsf/ kl/of]hgfdf klg nufgL
ug{ rfx]df %) k|ltztsf] ;Ldf ggfg] u/L sf]ifdf cfwfl/t shf{ tyf u}/ sf]ifdf cfwfl/t ;'ljwf
;d]t u/L a9Ldf @% k|ltzt;Dd dfq shf{;'ljwf k|jfx ug{ ;lsg] 5 .
-pbfx/0fsf] nflu, M sf]if tyf u}/ sf]ifdf cfwfl/t ;'ljwf ;d]t u/L hDdf k|fylds k'FhLsf] %)
k|ltzt ljz'4 hnljB't kl/of]hgfljB't k|;f/0f nfOgs]jnsf/ kl/of]hgfdf nufgL u/]df
cGodf nufgL ug{ kfOg] 5}g . sf]if tyf u}/ sf]ifdf cfwfl/t ;'ljwf ;d]t u/L hDdf k|fylds
k'FhLsf] $) k|ltzt dfq ljz'4 hnljB't kl/of]hgfljB't k|zf/0f nfOgs]jnsf/ kl/of]hgfdf
nufgL u/]df cGodf !) k|ltzt;Dd dfq nufgL ug{ kfOg] 5 . sf]if tyf u}/ sf]ifdf cfwfl/t
;'ljwf ;d]t u/L hDdf k|fylds k'FhLsf] ! k|ltztb]lv @% k|ltzt dfq ljz'4 hnljB't
kl/of]hgfljB't k|zf/0f nfOgs]jnsf/ kl/of]hgfdf nufgL u/]df cGodf @% k|ltzt;Dd dfq
nufgL ug{ kfOg] 5 . _
sy+sbflrt, u}/ hnljB'tljB't k|zf/0f nfOg s]jnsf/ kl/of]hgfdf tf]lsPsf] ;Ldf gf3L shf{
k|jfx u/]df ;Ldf gf3]sf] /sd a/fa/sf] shf{df ztk|ltzt shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf sfod ug'{
kg]{5 .
#= shf{ ;fk6 tyf ;'ljwfsf] ;Ldfdf 5'6
b]xfosf shf{ ;fk6 jf ;'ljwfsf] xsdf a''Fbf g+= ! df pNn]v ul/Psf] ;Ldf nfu" x'g] 5}g M
-s_ d'2lt /l;b, g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;'/If0fkq, g]kfn /fi6 a}+s C0fkqsf] lwtf]df / ljZj a}+s, Pl;ofnL
ljsf; a}+s tyf cGt/f{li6o ljQ lgud nufotsf g]kfn ;b:o ePsf] cGt/f{li6o ax'kIfLo
(Multilateral) ljQLo ;+:yfx? tyf cGt/f{li6o >]0fLs[t (Rated) a}+ssf] lgMzt{ hdfgtdf k|bfg
ul/g] shf{ ;fk6 tyf ;'ljwfx? .
;fy}, ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfaf6 cg'/f]w eO{ cfPdf o; a}+sn] hf/L u/]sf] lgb]{zgdf
pNn]v ePsf] Joj:yf ;d]t sfod /xg] u/L To:tf cGt/f{li6o ax'kIfLo ;+:yfn] hf/L ug]{ hdfgt
(Guarantee) df cfwfl/t eO{ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] k|bfg ug]{ shf{df k'FhLsf]ifsf] cg'kft
u0fgf ug]{ k|of]hgsf nflu z'Go hf]lvd ef/ (Zero Risk Weight) k|bfg ug{ ;lsg] 5 .
:ki6Ls/0fM cGt/f{li6o >]0fLs[t (Rated) a}+s eGgfn] ;+o'Qm clw/fHo a]nfotsf] n08gaf6 k|sflzt
The Banker klqsfn] k|To]s jif{ h'nfO{ dlxgfdf k|sfzg ug]{ Top Thousand World Banks sf] ;"rLdf
7Ls cl3Nnf] jif{ ;dfj]z ePsf a}+sx?nfO{ ;Demg' kg]{5 .
-v_ shf{;Fu ;DalGwt hf]lvdaf6 ;'/lIft x'g] kof{Kt Joj:yf u/L b]xfosf ;+:yfx?nfO{ b]xfo
adf]lhdsf j:t'x? vl/b tyf cfoft ug{ s ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?af6 k|bfg ul/g] shf{
;fk6 tyf ;'ljwfx?
qm=;+= ;+:yf j:t'
-!_ g]kfn cfon lgud ln= UofF; tyf k]6f]lnod kbfy{
-@_ g]kfn vfB ;+:yfg vfBfGg
-#_ s[lif ;fdu|L sDkgL ln= s[lif /f;folgs dn
$= ;+o'Qm nufgLstf{ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] Uof/]06L tyf sfp06/ Uof/]06Ldf shf{ tyf ;'ljwf k|bfg ug{]
Joj:yf
;+o'Qm nufgLdf ;~rfngdf cfPsf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] ;+o'Qm nufgLstf{ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf]
Uof/]06L tyf sfp06/ Uof/]06Ldf shf{ tyf ;'ljwf k|bfg ug{ s'g} afwf kg]{5}g . t/, o;/L k|bfg ul/Psf]
shf{df k|ltu|fxs shf{ ;Ldfsf] Joj:yf eg] nfu" x'g]5 . To:tf ;+o'Qm nufgLstf{ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf
cGt/f{li6o >]0fLs[t (Rated) a}+s ePdf dfly a'Fbf g+ # sf] -s_ df pNn]v eP adf]lhd s} Joj:yf nfu"
x'g]5 .
%= cfk;L ;DaGw ePsf u|fxsx?nfO{ Pp6} ;d'x dflgg] Joj:yf
shf{ ;fk6 tyf ;'ljwf ;Ldfsf] k|of]hgsf] lgldQ cfk;L ;DaGw ePsf u|fxsx?sf] ;d'xnfO{ b]xfosf
cj:yfdf Pp6} ;d'x dflgg] 5 M

118
 -s_ s'g} sDkgLn] csf]{ sDkgLsf] kRrL; k|ltzt jf ;f]eGbf a9L ;]o/ lnPsf] eP To:tf b'j} sDkgLx?,
-v_ s'g} JolQm, sDkgLsf] ;~rfns, k|fOe]6 lnld6]8 sDkgLsf ;]o/wgL, ;fem]bf/L kmd{sf ;fem]bf/, kmd{sf
k|f]k|fO6/ tyf To:tf JolQm, ;~rfns, ;]o/wgL, ;fem]bf/ jf k|f]k|fO6/sf Psf3/df a;f]af; u/L cfPsf
jf 5'fleGg ePsf klt jf kTgL, 5f]/f, 5f]/L, wd{k'q, wd{k'qL, afa', cfdf, ;f}t]gL cfdf / cfk"mn]
kfngkf]if0f ug'{ kg]{ bfh', efO, tyf lbbL, alxgL,
-u_ v08 -v_ df plNnlvt JolQmx?n] PSn} jf ;+o'Qm?kdf csf]{ sDkgLsf] @% k|ltzt jf ;f] eGbf a9L
;]o/ lnPsf] eP To:tf sDkgLx?,
-3_ v08 -v_ df plNnlvt JolQmx?n] PSn} jf ;+o'Qm ?kdf csf]{ sDkgLsf] kRrL; k|ltzt eGbf sd ;]o/
lnPsf] eP tfklg To:tf] sDkgLsf] Joj:yfkgdf b]xfosf lsl;daf6 lgoGq0f ePsf To:tf sDkgLx?M
-!_ ;~rfns ;ldltsf] cWoIf eO{,
-@_ sDkgLsf] sfo{sf/L k|d'v eO{, jf
-#_ sDkgLsf] ;~rfnsx?dWo] @% k|ltzteGbf a9L ;~rfnsx? lgo'Qm u/L .
-_ Ps} ;d'xsf egL cfj4 /x]sf kmd{, sDkgL jf To:tf ;d'xsf ;b:ox?,
-r_ v08 -v_ adf]lhd Pp6f u|fxs jf sDkgLn] csf]{ u|fxs jf sDkgLnfO{ hdfgt lbPsf] eP To:tf
u|fxs jf sDkgLx? .
t/ /fli6o k|fyldstfk|fKt hnljB't cfof]hgfsf] xsdf s'g} u|fxsn] hdfgt lbPsf] cfwf/df dfq
cfk;L ;DaGw ePsf u|fxsx?sf] ;d'xdf gkg]{ u/L zt{x? tf]sL 5'6 lbg ;lsg] 5 . tf]lsPsf]
;dodf To:tf cfof]hgf ;DkGg gePdf o:tf] 5'6 :jtM /2 x'g]5 .
-5_ Pp6} lwtf]df PseGbf a9L JolQmx?nfO{ shf{ k|jfx u/]sf] eP To:tf JolQmx?,
-h_ kmd{, sDkgL afx]s cGo ;+:yfx?sf] xsdf ;f] ;+:yf ;~rfng, lgoGq0f jf Joj:yfkgdf k|ToIf ;+nUg
JolQm jf lghsf] Psf3/df a;f]af; u/L cfPsf jf 5'fleGg ePsf klt jf kTgL, 5f]/f, 5f]/L, wd{k'q,
wd{k'qL, afa', cfdf, ;f}t]gL cfdf / cfk"mn] kfngkf]if0f ug'{ kg]{ bfh', efO, tyf lbbL, alxgL .
^= cfk;L ;DaGw ePsf u|fxsx?sf] ljj/0f k7fpg' kg]{
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] Pp6f u|fxs jf cfk;L ;DaGw ePsf u|fxsx?sf] clen]v cw{jflif{s ?kdf tof/
u/L Ps dlxgfleq o; a}+ssf] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu tyf ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf
k7fpg' kg]{5 .
&= cnu ;d'xsf] ?kdf lnOg] Joj:yf
g]kfn ;/sf/sf] k"0f{ jf krf; k|ltzt eGbf a9L :jfldTj ePsf] ;+ul7t ;+:yf jf sDkgLnfO{ 5'} -cnu_
;d'xsf] ?kdf lnOg] 5 .
*= clws]lGb|t hf]lvd (Concentration Risk) Go'gLs/0f ug{] Joj:yf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] s'g} Pp6f u|fxs, kmd{, sDkgL jf cfk;L ;DaGw ePsf u|fxsx?sf] ;d'xnfO{ a'Fbf
g+= -!_ sf] pka'Fbf -!_ df tf]lsPsf] ;LdfeGbf a9L shf{ ;fk6 jf ;'ljwf k|bfg u/]df o; lgb]{zgsf]
pNn+3g ePsf] dflgg]5 / To:tf] cj:yfaf6 pTkGg x'g ;Sg] clws]lGb|t hf]lvd vfDgsf] nflu ;LdfeGbf
a9L k|bfg ul/Psf] shf{ ;fk6 jf ;'ljwfsf] zt k|ltzt yk shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf (Loan Loss
Provision) sfod ug'{ kg]{5 .
(= 7"nf C0fLx?sf] shf{ ljj/0f k]z ug'{ kg]{M
o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt s ju{sf a}+sdf /x]sf 7"nf C0fL -?= @ s/f]8 eGbf a9L shf{ pkof]u ug]{_
sf] shf{ ;DaGwL ljj/0f j]j;fO{6df pNn]v ePsf] 9fFrfdf ;dli6ut ?kdf tof/ u/L o; a}+saf6
pknAw Web Address df q}dfl;s ?kdf qodf; ;dfKt ePsf] ldltn] ! dlxgfleq b]xfo adf]lhd x'g]
u/L Upload ug{' kg]{5 . a}+sn] Web Address cg';f/ u|fxssf] ljj/0f, 7"nf C0fLsf] ;d'xsf]] ljj/0f,
sf]ifdf cfwfl/t shf{ / u}/sf]ifdf cfwfl/t shf{ ;DaGwL ljj/0f Upload ubf{ x/]s u|fxsnfO{ ;DalGwt
;d'xdf g} /fVg' kg]{5 .

119
!)= If]qut shf{ ;DaGwL Joj:yf
-!_ hf]lvd lgoGq0f ug{sf] nflu Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] kof{Kt cfGtl/s gLlt lgodx?sf] Joj:yf u/L
If]qut shf{ ;3gtfsf] cg'udg ug'{ kg]{5 . t/, o; a}+sn] lgb]{zg lbPdf a'Fbf g+= * adf]lhd yk
shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf ug{' kg]{5 . cy{ Joj:yfsf ljleGg If]qx?sf] ;"rL ;+nUg lgb]{zg kmf=g+= # df
pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
-@_ If]qut ?kdf k|jfx ul/Psf] shf{ tyf ;'ljwfnfO{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] shf{ ;3gtf cg';f/
b]xfo adf]lhd b'O{ txdf 5'6fP/ cg'udg, lgoGq0f tyf ;'rgf k|0ffnLsf] Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 M -
kmf=g=+ (=# sf] 9fFrf cg';f/_
-s_ tx ! M k|fylds k'FhLsf] %) - !)) k|ltzt;Dd Pp6} If]qdf k|jflxt shf{ ;fk6 / ;'ljwf .
o:tf] shf{sf] dfkg / cg'udgsf] sfo{ljlw tyf ;'rgf k|0ffnLsf] Joj:yf Ohfhtkqk|fKt
;+:yf cfkm}n] u/L sDtLdf q}dfl;s ?kdf cg'udg ug'{ kg]{5 .
-v_ tx @ M k|fylds k'FhLsf] zt k|ltzteGbf a9L Pp6} If]qdf k|jflxt shf{ ;fk6 / ;'ljwfsf
;DaGwdf o:tf] shf{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns ;ldltaf6 ;d]t cg'df]bg
u/fOPsf] x'g' kg]{5 . Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns ;ldltn] To:tf shf{x?sf] ;Ldf
k|fylds k'FhLsf] zt k|ltzt eGbf a9L sfod /fVg] jf g/fVg] eGg] ;DaGwdf jflif{s ?kdf
lg0f{o ug'{ kg]{5 / ;f] lg0f{osf] hfgsf/L o; a}+ssf] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu /
;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf k7fpg' kg]{5 .
-#_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf -s'g} Ps cfly{s If]qdf dfq shf{ k|jfx ug{ :jLs[lt kfPsf
ljQLo ;+:yf afx]s_ n] s'g} Ps If]qdf cfgf] s'n afFsL shf{ ;fk6sf] a9Ldf $) k|ltzt;Dd
shf{ k|jfx ug{ kfOg] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . o;k'j{ $) k|ltzteGbf sd ;Ldf tf]lsPsf If]qxdf
eg] ;f]xL adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-gf]6MM If]qut shf{ ;DaGwL ljj/0f g]=/f=a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+= #=! sf] 9fFrfdf ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f
ljefudf dfl;s ?kdf dlxgf ;dfKt ePsf] ldltn] !% lbgleqdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . _
-$_ 3/hUuf tyf l/on :6]6 shf{ ;DaGwL Joj:yf M
-s_ 3/ hUuf tyf l/on :6]6sf] ;'/If0fdf k|jfx x'g] shf{sf] /sd lwtf] ;'/If0fdf /flvPsf]
3/hUuf tyf l/on :6]6 ;DklQsf] Fair Market Value sf] a9Ldf %) k|ltzt ;Dd dfq shf{
k|bfg ug'{ kg]{5 . t/, cfjf;Lo 3/ shf{ (Residential Real Estate) sf] xsdf Fair Market
Value sf] ^) k|ltzt ;Dd shf{ k|jfx ug{ ;lsg] 5 . .
-v_ cfjf;Lo 3/ shf{, Jofj;flos ejg tyf cfjf;Lo ckf6{d]06 lgdf{0f shf{, lgdf{0f ;DkGg eO{
cfo cfh{g ug{ yfn]sf] Jofkfl/s sDKn]S; shf{{ tyf cGo l/on :6]6 shf{ -hUufhdLg vl/b
tyf Knl6+u shf{ ;d]t_ u/L s'n shf{sf] @% k|ltzteGbf a9L gx'g] u/L shf{ ;Ldf tf]lsPsf]
5 . ;fy}, cGo l/on :6]6 shf{ -hUufhdLg vl/b tyf Knl6+u shf{ ;d]t_ sf] nflu k|jfx x'g]
shf{sf] ;Ldf s'n shf{sf] !) k|ltzt sfod ul/Psf] 5 . 3/hUuf tyf l/on :6]6 shf{
;DaGwdf b]xfo adf]lhd ug'{kg]{5 M
-!_ l/on :6]6 shf{ ;fk6 eGgfn] lgb]{zg g+= ( sf] lgb]{zg kmf= g+= (=# -s_ k|of]hg
cg';f/sf] shf{ ;fk6df plNnlvt k|i6Ls/0fsf] l;=g+= % sf] l/on :6]6 shf{nfO{ a'emfpg]
5.
-@_ shf{ k|jfx ubf{ dfly plNnlvt ;Ldf gfg]u/L Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] pQm
k|of]hgProduct x?df k|bfg u/]sf] shf{sf] k'g/;+/rgf jf gjLs/0f ug{ kfpg] 5}gg\ .
-#_ ;du| ;Ldf sfod ug]{ l;nl;nfdf s'g} shf{ ljz]ifnfO{ e'QmfgL Dofb cufj} c;'nL ug]{
u/L snAofs ug{ o; Joj:yfn] afWo u/fPsf] 5}g . Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] k|To]s
shf{sf] ls:tfjGbLsf] cfwf/df sfod /fv]sf] e'QmfgL Dofb;Dd ;f] shf{nfO{ ;f]xL ls:tf
adf]lhd shf{ c;'n ug{ ;lsg] 5 .
-$_ of] lgb]{zg k|yd k6s hf/L x'g' -ldlt @)^^)()@_ cufj} pQm k|of]hgProduct
cGtu{tsf] shf{ ;Ldf :jLs[t eO{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] shf{ k|ltatf lbO;s]sf] xsdf

120
 ;f] k|ltatf cGtu{tsf] /sd a/fj/sf] shf{ k|jfx ug{ of] lgb]{zgn] afwf k'ofPsf] dflgg]
5}g .
-%_ o; Joj:Yff cGtu{t sfod ulPsf] shf{ ;Ldf gf3]df gf3]hlt /sdsf] nflu s'n hf]lvd
efl/t ;DklQsf] u0fgf ubf{ !%) k|ltztsf] hf]lvd ef/ k|bfg ug'{ kg]{5 .
-^_ ax'cfjf;Lo 3/sf nflu Ps dfq a}+sn] shf{ k|jfx ug]{ eP ;f]xL a}+s / ;xljQLos/0f
cGtu{tsf] shf{ eP cu'jf a}+sdf ckf6{d]G6 vl/bstf{x?n] Down Payment jf a'ls
v'Nnf u/]kl5 hDdf u/]sf] /sd clgjfo{?kn] ;DalGwt a}+s jf cu'jf a}+sdf hDdf
u/fOPsf] x'g' kg]{5 .
-%_ JolQmut cfjf;Lo 3/ shf{ -Home Loan_ ;DaGwL Joj:yf
-!_ pka'Fbf g+= $ sf] v08 -v_ adf]lhd ;Ldf u0fgf ubf{ ?= ! -Ps_ s/f]8 jf ;f] eGbf sdsf]
JolQmut cfjf;Lo 3/ shf{nfO{ ;dfj]z ug{'kg]{5}g .
-@_ JolQmut cfjf;Lo 3/ shf{ eGgfn] a}+sljQLo ;+:yfn] u|fxssf] cfo;|f]t x]/L ;f] ;|f]tn]
kof{Kt wfGg] ls:tf sfod u/L pQm u|fxsn] cfkm}+ k|of]u ug]{ jf ef8fdf nufpg] p2]Zon] 3/
lgdf{0f, 3/ckf6{d]G6 vl/bsf] nflu k|jfx u/]sf] cfjf;Lo 3/ shf{ -Home Loan_ nfO{ dfq
a'emfpg]5 .
-#_ of] v08 adf]lhdsf] JolQmut cfjf;Lo 3/ shf{ k|jfx ubf{ a}+sljQLo ;+:yf cfkm}+n]
Product Paper tof/ u/L ;DalGwt ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns ;ldltn] :jLs[t u/] kZrft dfq
o:tf] k|s[ltsf] shf{ k|jfx ug'{ kg]{5 .
-$_ of] v08 adf]lhdsf] JolQmut cfjf;Lo 3/ shf{ Pp6f a}+sljQLo ;+:yfaf6 Pp6f
kl/jf/nfO{ Pp6f;Dd dfq k|bfg ug{ ;lsg] 5 .
-^_ 3/ejg lgdf{0f ;DaGwL Joj:yf M
-s_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] gu/kflnsf If]q leqsf] 3/ejgsf] ;'/If0fdf jf 3/ejg
lgdf{0fsf] nflu shf{ k|jfx ubf{ 3/ejg lgdf{0f ;DaGwdf ;DalGwt sfof{noaf6 hf/L
dfkb08x? k'/f u/]gu/]sf] olsg u/L ;f] ;DaGWfL sfuhftx? h:t} gS;fkf;, cfjZostf
cg';f/ cGo lgsfosf] :jLs[lt, 3/ejg lgdf{0f ;DkGg k|df0fkq nufotsf sfuhftx?
lng] Joj:yf ug{' kg]{5 .
-v_ 3/ejg lgdf{0fsf] nflu shf{ k|bfg ubf{ dxfgu/kflnsf, pkdxfgu/kflnsf, gu/kflnsf /
g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf ;'rgf k|sfzg u/L /fli6o ejg ;+lxtf nfu" u/]sf
uf=lj=;=x?df /fli6o ejg ;+lxtf cg';/0f u/L lgdf{0f ul/g] ejgx?df shf{ k|jfx ug'{
kg]{5 .
l6Kk0fLM Pp6} If]qdf k|jflxt shf{ eGgfn] cy{Joj:yfsf] Ps} If]qsf u|fxsx?df k|jflxt shf{ ;fk6 / hdfgt,
jrgj4tf, k|lttkq h:tf ;'ljwfx? ;Demg' k5{ .
-&_ lghL k|of]hgsf ;jf/L ;fwg shf{ ;DaGwL Joj:yf M
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] k|fs[lts JolQmnfO{ JolQmut k|of]hgsf nflu ;jf/L ;fwg vl/b ug{ shf{
k|jfx ubf{ ;f] ;jf/L ;fwgsf] d"Nosf] clwstd %) k|ltzt;Dd dfq ug{' kg]{5 . t/ ;fj{hlgs
oftfoft, lgdf{0f sfo{ Pjd\ ko{6g, lzIff, :jf:Yo / 9'jfgL h:tf ;]jfsf nflu k|of]u x'g] ;jf/L
;fwgsf] xsdf of] ;Ldf nfu" x'g] 5}g . ;fy}, ldlt @)&#!!!( ;Dddf :jLs[t shf{x?sf] xsdf
of] Joj:yf nfu' x'g] 5}g .
!!= vf/]hL / jrfpm M
-!_ o; a}+saf6 o;cl3 hf/L ul/Psf b]xfosf lgb]{zgx? vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 M
PsLs[t lgb]{zg, @)&# sf] Psn u|fxs tyf If]qut shf{ ;fk6 / ;'ljwfsf] ;Ldf lgwf{/0f ;DaGwL
Joj:yf O=k|f lgb]{zg g+= #)&# af6 hf/L ul/Psf] lgb]{zg tyf ;f] kZrft ldlt @)&$ ;fpg (
ut] ;Dd hf/L ePsf o;} ljifo;Fu ;DalGwt ;Dk"0f{ kl/kqx? .
-@_ pka'Fbf -!_ adf]lhd vf/]h ul/Psf lgb]{zg tyf kl/kq adf]lhd eP u/]sf sfd sf/jfxL o;}
lgb]{zg adf]lhd eP u/]sf] dflgg]5 .

121
 g]=/f=a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+= #=!
If]qut shf{
-?= bz nfvdf_
qm= pBf]uIf]qx? /sd ?= k|fylds k'FhLsf] k|ltzt s'n shf{ ;fk6sf]
;+= k|ltzt
! s[lif / jg ;DaGwL
!=! cGgafnL
!=@ t/sf/L afnL
!=# lrofskmL
!=$ ;'lt{
!=% ;gkf6
!=^ cGo gub] afnL
!=& kmnkm"n tyf k'ik v]tL
!=* zLt e08f/0f
!=( dnvfb tyf ls6gfzs
!=! kz'kfngkz' awzfnf
)
!=! k+IfL kfng
!
!=! dfx'/L kfng
@
!=! cGo s[lif tyf s[lif hGo ;]jfx?
#
!=! l;+rfO{
$
!=! jg
@% df5fkfng ;DaGwL
# vfgL ;DaGwL
#=! wft' tyf wfp -kmnfd, l;;f OToflb_
#=@ sf]Onf
#=# r'g9'f
#=$ DofUg];fO6
#=% v/L
#=^ t]n tyf Uof; k|zf]rg (Extraction)
#=& vfgL ;DaGwL cGo
$ s[lif, ag tyf k]okbfy{ pTkfbg ;DaGwL
$=! vfB pTkfbg -Kofs ug]{, k|f];]l; ug]{_
$=@ s[lif, jg k}bfjf/ pTkfbg
$=@ lrgL
=!
$=@ ;"lt{ k|zf]wg
=@
$=@ lr/fg tyf sfi7 pTkfbgkmlg{r/
=#
$=@ cGo
=$
$=# k]o kbfy{ -ljo/, dbL/f, ;f]8f OToflb_
$=# dlb/fhGo
=!
$=# dlb/f/lxt
%=@ u}/vfB j:t' pTkfbg ;DaGwL
%=! x:tsnf
%=@ a'gfO{ (Textile) pTkfbg Pjd\ tof/L kf]zfs
%=# sfuh tyf ;Da4 pTkfbg
%=$ 5kfO tyf k|sfzg
%=% cf}ifwL
%=^ k|zf]lwt t]n tyf sf]Onf pTkfbg
%=& vf]6f] tyf tf/lkg
%=* /a/sf] 6fo/
%=( 5fnf
%=! Knfli6s
)
%=! l;d]06
!
%=! kTy/, df6f] tyf l;;fsf pTkfbgx?
@%=! cGo lgdf{0f ;fdu|L pTkfbg
#
%=! wft' cfwf/e"t kmnfd tyf l:6n Knf06
$
%=! wft' cGo KnfG6Hof;n
%
%=! ljljw pTkfbg
^ lgdf{0f
^=! cfjf;Lo -3/fo;L k|of]hg_
^=@ u}/ cfjf;Lo -Jofkfl/s k|of]hg_
^=# a[xt (Heavy) lgdf{0f -/fhdfu{, k'n OToflb_
&= ljB't, Uof; / kfgL
&=! phf{
&=! hnljB't
=!
&=! gjLs/0fLo phf{
=@
&=@ cGo ljB't ;]jf
&=# UofF; tyf UofF; kfOk nfOg ;]jf

122
&=$ kfgL
* wft'sf pTkfbgx?, d]l;g/L tyf On]S6f]lgs cf}hf/ tyf h8fg
*=! h8fg ul/Psf (Fabricated) wft'sf ;fdfgx?
*=@ d]lzg cf}hf/
*=@ s[lif hGo
=!
*=@ d]lzg/L lgdf{0f, t]n If]q, vfgL ;DaGwL
=@
*=@ d]lzg/L clkm; Pjd\ sDKo'l6 (Computing)
=#
*=@ d]lzg/L cGo ;a}
=$
*=# ljB'tLo pks/0f
*= 3/fo;L pks/0f Pjd\ cGo vKg] ;fdfg
$
*=% ;+rf/ pks/0f
*=^ On]S6f]lgs kf6{k"hf{
*=& lrlsT;f ;DaGwL pks/0f
*= h]g]/]6/x?
*
*=( 3 (Turbines)
( oftfoft , e08f/ / ;+rf/
(=! df]6/uf8L, kf6{k"hf tyf ;xfos ;fdu|Lx?
(=@ h]6af]6hn oftfoft
(=# jfo'ofg tyf jfo'ofgsf] kf6{k"hf{
(=$ oftfoft ;DaGwL cGo pTkfbgx?
(=% /]ndfu{ tyf ;8s ofqL cf];f/k;f/sf ;fwgx?
(=^ 6s ;]jf tyf uf]bfd Joj:yf
(=& cGo ;a} ;]jf
!) yf]s tyf v'b|f ljq]mtf
!)= yf]s Jofkf/ vKg] ;fdfg
!
!)= yf]s Jofkf/ gvKg] ;fdfg
@
!)= Automotive Dealer/franchise
#
!)= cGo v'b|f Jofkf/
$
!)= cfoft Jofkf/
%
!)= lgof{t Jofkf/
^
!! ljQ, aLdf tyf crn ;DklQ
!!= s ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
!
!!= v ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
@
!!= u ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
#
!!= 3 ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
$
!!= art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?
%!!= k]G;g sf]if tyf aLdf ;+:yfx?
^
!!= cGo ljQLo ;+:yf
&
!!= u}/ ljQLo ;/sf/L ;+:yfg
*
!!= lghL u}/ ljQLo ;+:yfgx?
(
!!= cGo nufgL ;+:yfx?
!!
!!= crn ;DklQ (Real Estate)
!@ ko{6g ;]jf
!@= 6]ls, 6fen Ph]G;L, kj{tf/f]x0f, l/;f]6{, /fl6, SoflDk cflb
!!@= xf]6n -cGo ;]jf ;d]t_
@
!@= dgf]/+hg, l/lqmP;g, rnlrq
#
!# cGo ;]jfx?
!#= lj1fkg ;]jf
!
!#= Automotive ;]jf
@
!#= cGo ;a} ;]jf sDkgLx?
#
!#= c:ktfn, lSnlgs OToflb
$
!#= lzIff ;]jf
%!$ pkef]Uo shf{
!$= ;'g, rfFbL
!
!$= d'2lt /l;b
@
!$= ;'/If0f kq
#
!$= q]ml86 sf8{
$
!$= xfo/ kr]{h -JolQmut pkof]u shf{_
%
!% :yfgLo ;/sf/
!^ cGo
hDdf

gf]6 M pko'{Qmfg';f/ plNnlvt zLif{sx?dWo] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:Yffn] cfkm"n] ug{ kfpg] ljQLo sf/f]af/x?;Fu ;DalGwt
zLif{sx? dfq k|of]udf Nofpg' kg]{5 .
ldlt clws[t b:tvt

123
 g]kfn /fi6 a}+s
s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu

O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= $)&$

n]vf gLlt tyf ljQLo laj/)fx?sf] (frf ;DaGwL Joj:yf .

o; a}+saf6 s, v / u ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] kfngf ug'{ kg]{ n]vfgLlt tyf ljQLo
ljj/0fx?sf] 9fFrf ;DaGwdf g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf &( n] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L b]xfosf]
lgb]{zg hf/L ul/Psf] 5 .
-!_ ljQLo ljj/0f ;DaGwL dfu{bz{g
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] b]xfo adf]lhdsf] dfu{bz{gleq /xL ljQLo ljj/0fx? tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
s= cfly{s jif{sf] kl/efiff
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] ;fpg ! ut]b]lv c;f/ d;fGt;Ddsf] cjlwnfO{ cfly{s jif{sf] ?kdf
dfGg' kg]{5 . t/ ;+:yfkgf ePsf] jif{sf] nflu ;+:yfkgf ePsf] ldltb]lv c;f/ d;fGt;Ddsf]
cjlwnfO{ cfly{s jif{ dfGg' kg]{5 .
v= g]kfn /fi6 a}+sn] tf]s]sf] 9fFrfnfO{ j}wflgs 9fFrf (Statutory Form) sf] ?kdf lng' kg]{
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] cfgf] jf;nft / gfkmfgf]S;fg lx;fj, gub k|jfx ljj/0f / cGo
cg';"rL tyf ljj/0fx? o; a}+sn] tf]lslbPsf] 9fFrf / tl/sf cg';f/ tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 . o;k|sf/
tof/ ul/Psf] ljj/0f ;fntdfd ePsf] % -kfFr_ dlxgfleq n]vfk/LIf0f ;DkGg u/fpg' kg]{5 .
u= k|rlnt n]vf dfkb08sf] cg'z/0f ug'{ kg]{
ljQLo ljj/0fx? o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zgdf tf]lsPs]f cj:Yffdf afx]s g]kfn n]vf dfkb08 (NAS)
cg';f/ tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 . g]kfn n]vf dfkb08n] ;dfj]z gu/]sf If]qx?df cGt/{fli6o n]vf dfkb08
(IAS/IFRS) nfO{ cfwf/sf] ?kdf lng' kg]{5 .
3= ljQLo ljj/0fx? k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] sfg'gL Joj:yf / tf]lsPsf] cjlwleq n]vfk/LIf0f ;DkGg eO;s]kl5
;+nUg 9fFrf adf]lhdsf] jf;nft, gfkmfgf]S;fg lx;fj / gub k|jfx ljj/0fsf ;fy} oL ljQLo
ljj/0fx?;Fu ;DalGwt ;a} cg';"rLx? tyf ljj/0fx? jflif{s k|ltj]bg k'l:tsfdf k|sflzt ug{'
kg{]5 . ;fy}, ;j{;fwf/0fsf] hfgsf/Lsf] nflu jf;nft, gfkmfgf]S;fg lx;fj, gub k|jfx ljj/0f /
o; lgb]{zgsf] k'FhLsf]if tflnsf -cg';"rL g+=$=#)$=#)-s!__ / k|d'v ;"rsfF -cg';"rL g+= $=#!_
cg';f/sf] ljj/0f /fli6o:t/sf ;+:yfsf] xsdf /fli6o:t/ / If]qLo:t/sf ;+:yfsf] xsdf If]qLo jf
lhNnf:t/sf klqsfdf cfly{s jif{ ;dfKt ePsf] gf} dlxgfleq clgjfo{?kdf k|sflzt ug'{ kg]{5 .
;fy}, ;Dk"0f{ jflif{s k|ltj]bgnfO{ cfgf] j]j;fO6df cBfjlws ug'{ kg]{5 .
o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zg adf]lhd o; a}+ssf] ljleGg ljefu tyf sfof{nox?df k]z ug'{ kg]{ ljleGg
tYof kmf/fdx? tyf k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{ u/L tf]lsPsf ljj/0f ;DaGwL cGo s'g} klg lgb]{zgnfO{ o;
lgb]{zgn] afwf k'ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
-1_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] ;Dk"0f{ zfvfx?sf] ;d]t sf/f]af/ ;dfj]z u/L jf:tljs PsLs[t
ljQLo ljj/0f nufot k|d"v ljQLo kl/;'rsx? -Major Financial Indicators_ sf] ljj/0f
x/]s qodf;sf] dlxgf Joltt ePsf] ldltn] !% lbgleq s"g} Ps /fli6o:t/sf] b}lgs
klqsfdf clgjfo{ ?kdf k|sflzt u/L ;f] sf] Ps k|lt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu

124
 / ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefunfO{ ;d]t pknAw u/fpg" kg]{5 . -;+nUg g]=/f=a}+s cg';"rL
4=c_
-2_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] q}dfl;s ljQLo ljj/0f k|sfzg ubf{ clgjfo{ ?kdf cfGtl/s
n]vfkl/Ifsaf6 k|dfl0ft u/fP/ dfq k|sfzg ug{' kg]{5 .
-3_ x/]s cfly{s jif{sf] cGTodf ;DalGwt ;+:yfsf] ckl/is[t ljQLo ljj/0f / n]vfk/LIf0f ePsf]
ljQLo ljj/0faLr b]lvPsf] cGt/ ;DaGwdf sf/0f v"nfO{ tflnsfs} ?kdf ;+:yfsf] aflif{s
k|ltj]bgsf] cnUu} kfgfdf ;+nUg g]=/f=a}+s cg';"rL $#% sf] 9fFrfdf k|sflzt ug{' kg{]5 .
-4_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] ljQLo ljj/0f k|sflzt ubf{ pQm cjlwsf] sd{rf/L af]g;, cfos/
Joj:yf nufotsf ;Dk"0f{ vr{x?nfO{ ;dfj]z u/]/ dfq k|sflzt ug"{ kg{]5 .
-5_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] ;j{;fwf/0fsf] hfgsf/Lsf] nflu ckl/is[t ljQLo ljj/0f k|sfzg
ubf{ ;'kl/j]If0f ug]{ lgsfo tyf afx\o n]vfkl/Ifsn] yk36 ug{ lgb]{zg lbPdf kl/is[t
ljQLo ljj/0fdf km/s kg{ ;Sg]5 eGg] Joxf]/fsf] km"6gf]6 /fvL k|sfzg ug{' kg]{5 .
-6_ P]g, gLlt, lgod tyf lgb{]zgdf :ki6 ul/Psf laifodf ;d]t a}+s Joj:yfkgn] ;dod}
;dfof]hg gu/L ljQLo ljj/0fdf km/s k/]sf] cj:yfdf ;DalGwt ;+:yfnfO{ cfjZos
sf/afxL ul/g]5 .
= cfGtl/s k|of]hgsf] lgldQ n]vf /fVg]
o; lgb]{zgn] ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?sf] cfGtl/s k|of]hgsf] lgldQ tof/ ul/g] cGo
n]vf ljj/0fx?nfO{ afwf k'ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
r= g]kfn /fi6 a}+sn] tf]s]sf] 9fFrf / zLif{sdf s'g} kl/jt{g ug{ gkfOg]
jf;nft tyf gfkmfgf]S;fg lx;fjsf] ;fy} cg';"rLx?df tf]lsPsf] s'g} zLif{s cGtu{t /sd g/x]sf]
eP tfklg ;f] zLif{s sfod} /fvL o; a}+sn] tf]s]sf] 9fFrfdf s'g} kl/jt{g ug{ kfOg] 5}g . t/,
cg';"rLx?df pNn]v ePsf] cGo zLif{sleq /xg] u/L cfjZostfg';f/ c? zLif{sx? ;dfj]z ug{
;lsg]5 .
5= ljQLo ljj/0fx? k]z ug'{ kg]{
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;Dk"0f{ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] cfgf] jflif{s lx;fasf] cfwf/df tof/ kf/]sf]
ljQLo ljj/0f afXo n]vfkl/Ifsaf6 k|f/lDes n]vfk/LIf0f sfo{ ;dfKt ePkl5 tof/ ePsf]
k|f/lDes k|ltj]bg, ;f] k|ltj]bg pk/ Joj:yfkgsf] hjfkm tyf ;f]sf cfwf/df tof/ kfl/Psf] ljQLo
ljj/0fx? -jf;nft, gfkmf gf]S;fg lx;fa, gub k|jfx ljj/0f tyf o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zg cg';f/sf
;Dk"0f{ cg';"rLx?, shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yfsf] ljj/0f ;d]t_ cfly{s jif{ ;dfKt ePsf] # dlxgfleq
;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf :jLs[ltsf nflu k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . pQm ljj/0fx?sf cfwf/df o;
a}+ssf] u}/:ynut ;'kl/j]If0faf6 s'g} ;+zf]wg ug'{ kg]{ laifodf lgb]{zg ePdf ;f] adf]lhd cfly{s
jif{sf] ljQLo ljj/0fdf ;dfof]hg u/L cfly{s jif{ ;dfKt ePsf] $ dlxgf leq -Dofb yk ePsf]
cj:yfdf a9Ldf yk b'O{ dlxgfleq_ n]vfk/LIf0f sfo{ ;DkGg ug'{ kg]{5 . ;fy}, ;dfof]lht ljQLo
ljj/0fx?, n]vfkl/Ifssf] clGtd k|ltj]bg tyf n+ukmd{ cl86 l/kf]6{ (Long Form Audit
Report, LFAR) n]vfk/LIf0f ;DkGg ePsf] !% lbgleq o; a}+ssf] ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f
ljefux?df k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;efdf :jLs[ltsf] nflu k]z ug]{ k|of]hgfy{ tof/ u/]sf]
jflif{s lx;fa (Annual Accounts) o; a}+ssf] ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0fsf] ;xdlt lnP/ dfq ;fj{hlgs
ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ k|d'v n]vf gLltx?
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] ckgfpg' kg]{ n]vf gLltx?sf] ;DaGwdf b]xfo adf]lhd Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 M
s= n]vf gLlt k|sflzt ug'{ kg]{
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] n]vf gLlt ;fdfGo n]vf l;4fGt / a}+ls Joj;fodf k|rlnt n]vf gLlt
tyf g]kfn n]vf dfkb08 (NAS) tyf cGt/f{li6o dfkb08nfO{ ;d]t cfwf/ dfgL tof/ ul/Psf] x'g'

125
 kg]{5 . ljQLo ljj/0fx? tof/ ug]{ l;nl;nfdf Joj:yfkgn] ckgfPsf k|d'v n]vf gLltx?nfO{
cg';"rL $=#@ df ;dfj]z u/L jflif{s k|ltj]bgdf k|sflzt ug'{ kg]{5 .
v= n]vf gLlt cGtu{t v'nfpg tf]lsPsf zLif{sx?sf] ;+lIfKt JofVof
!= x|f;sf gLlt
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ;fdfGotM :jLsfo{ n]vf l;4fGt (Generally Accepted Accounting
Principles) adf]lhdsf] s'g} klg x|f;sf gLlt ckgfpg ;Sg]5 . t/, h'g gLlt ckgfOPsf]
xf], To;af/] n]vf gLltdf :ki6 hfgsf/L lbg' kg]{5 . k|rlnt sfg'gsf] clwgdf /xL x|f;sf
b/ sfod ug]{ clwsf/ ;DalGwt ;+:yfsf] Joj:yfkgdf /xg]5 .
@= cfos/ Joj:yf gLlt
gfkmfgf]S;fg lx;fjdf n]lvPsf] vr{x?dWo] s'g} s'g} vr{ /sdx? cfos/ P]g tyf
lgodfjnL cg';f/ cf+lzs jf k'/} ?kdf 5'6 gkfpg] x'g;Sg], ;fy} s'g} cfodf cfos/ 5'6
lbOPsf] x'g ;Sg] cflb sf/0fn] ubf{ gfkmfgf]S;fg lx;fjn] b]vfPsf] v'b d'gfkmf / s/ of]Uo
d'gfkmf (Taxable Profit) df km/s kg{ ;Sb5 . t;y{, cfos/ d"Nofgsf] nflu
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] v'b d'gfkmfdf cfos/ P]g / ;f] P]g cGtu{t ag]sf] lgodfjnL
adf]lhd vr{, cfDbfgLdf cfjZos yk36 u/L cnUu} s/ of]Uo cfDbfgL lgwf{/0f ug'{ kg]{5 .
;f]xL cg';f/ x'g] /sdsf] cfos/ Joj:yf ug]{ gLlt lnO{ n]vf gLlt cGtu{t hfgsf/L lbg'
kg]{5 .
#= nufgL ;DaGwL gLlt
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] Jofkfl/s nufgL (Held For Trade), laqmLsf] nflu pknAw nufgL
(Available for Sale) tyf e'QmfgL ldlt;Dd wf/0f ug]{ nufgL (Held to Maturity) u/L ltg
efudf 5'ofpg' kg]{5 . ;f] cg';f/ 5'f5'} zLif{sdf nufgLnfO{ b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
-s_ Jofkfl/s nufgL (Held for Trading): cNksfndf d"Nodf x'g] kl/jt{gaf6 gfkmf cfh{g
ug]{ p2]Zon] ul/Psf nufgL tyf nufgL kf]6{kmf]lnof]df /x]sf Ps} k|s[ltsf ;DklQdf
ePsf] nufgL o; ju{df kb{5g\ . o:tf nufgLnfO{ ahf/b/ cg'?k b}lgs?kdf d"Nofg
ug]{ (Marked to Market on Daily Basis) / d"Nodf x'g] leGgtfnfO{ gfkmfgf]S;fg
lx;fj vftfdf b]vfpg' kg]{5 . o; ;DaGwL ljj/0f ;+nUg g]=/f=a}+=lgb]{zg kmf=g+=
$=!@=! sf] 9fFrfdf tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] ug{] nufgL dWo] Trading Book Activities df x'g] nufgL
a9\b} uPsf] / o;n] ;+:yfsf] nufgLdf lglxt hf]lvd a9fpg] b]lvPsf]n] ;DalGwt
;+:yfn] To:tf sfo{x?af6 x'g ;Sg] hf]lvdsf] Go"gLs/0fsf nflu cfjZos pkfox?
cjnDag u/]/ dfq nufgL ug'{kg]{ 5 . ;fy}, a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] Jofkfl/s
nufgLdf (Held for Trading) cfgf] k|fylds k'FhLsf] Ps k|ltzt;Dd dfq nufgL ug{
;Sg]5g\ . of] lgb]{zg hf/L x'g' cl3 k|fylds k'FhLsf] Ps k|ltzt eGbf a9L x'g] u/L
nufgL u/]sf] eP To:tf] nufgLnfO{ @)&@ c;f/ d;fGt;Dddf lgwf{l/t ;Ldfleq NofO{
;Sg' kg]{5 .
-v_ e'QmfgL ldlt;Dd wf/0f ug]{ nufgL (Held to Maturity): e'QmfgL ldlt;Dd wf/0f ug{]
;sf/fTds dg;fo (Positive Intent) / e'QmfgL ldlt;Dd wf/0f ug{ ;Sg] Ifdtf
(Ability to Hold till Maturity) eO{ ul/Psf] nufgL o; ju{df kb{5 . b]xfosf
cj:yfdf wf/0f ug]{ ;sf/fTds dg;fo ePsf] dflgg] 5}g .
!= c3f]lift ;do (Undefined Period) ;Dd wf/0f ug]{ dg;fo / Ifdtf ePdf .
@= gbf]xf]l/g] / cgk]lIft (Non-recurring and Unanticipated) cj:yfdf afx]s
ahf/ Aofhb/ kl/jt{g jf hf]lvd, t/ntfsf] cfjZostf, a}slNks nufgLdf
k|fKt x'g] cfo (Yield), ljQLo ;|f]t / zt{ jf ljb]zL d'b|f hf]lvddf x'g]
kl/jt{gsf] sf/0fn] ;DklQ laqmL ug{ ;+:yf tTk/ ePdf .
e'QmfgL ldlt;Dd wf/0f ug]{ nufgL (Held to Maturity) nfO{ ckn]lvt nfut
(Amortised Cost) df d"Nofg ug'{ kb{5 . k/n d'No (Cost Price) af6 Iflt

126
 (Impairments) 36fP/ ckn]lvt nfut u0fgf ug'{ k5{ . IfltnfO{ ;DalGwt cjlwsf]
gfkmfgf]S;fg lx;fj vftfdf ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 . o; ;DaGwL ljj/0f ;+nUg
g]=/f=a}+=lgb]{zg kmf=g+= $=!@=@ sf] 9fFrfdf tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
-u_ laqmLsf] nflu pknAw nufgL (Available for Sale): Jofkfl/s nufgL (Held for
Trading) / e'QmfgL ldlt;Dd wf/0f ug]{ nufgL (Held to Maturity) cGtu{t gkg]{
;Dk"0f{ nufgLnfO{ o; ju{df /fVg] . o:tf nufgLnfO{ ahf/b/ cg'?k lgoldt ?kdf
d"Nofg (Marked to Market on Regular Basis) u/L leGgtfnfO{ hu]8f (Reserves)
dfkm{t ;dfof]hg (Adjust) ug'{ kb{5 . ;+:yfx?n] laqmLsf] nflu pknAw nufgL
kf]6{kmf]lnof] (Available for Sale Portfolio) sf] @ ;Ddsf] /sd k'/s k'FhL
(Supplementary or Tier 2 Capital) df u0fgf x'g] nufgL ;dfof]hg sf]if (Investment
Adjustment Reserve) v8f u/L /fVg' kg]{5 . o; ;DaGwL ljj/0f ;+nUg
g]=/f=a}+=lgb]{zg kmf=g+= $=!@=# sf] 9fFrfdf tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
t/ O=k|f= lgb]{zg g+= * cGtu{tsf] Joj:yfn] 5'6 lbPsf ;+:yfx?sf] ;]o/df ul/Psf]
nufgLsf xsdf dfly pNn]v eP cg';f/sf] @ ;Ddsf] /sdn] u0fgf x'g] /sd nufgL
;dfof]hg sf]if v8f u/L /fVg' kg]{ ljBdfg Joj:yfdf 5'6 k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 .
lwtf]kq ljlgdo ahf/df ;'rLs[t gePsf / ;lqmo ahf/ (Active Market) gePsf Jofkfl/s
nufgL (Held for Trading) tyf laqmLsf] nflu pknAw nufgL (Available for Sale) x?sf]
xsdf nfut d'No (Cost Price) df n]vfg u/L O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= * adf]lhd nufgL ;dfof]hg
sf]ifsf] Joj:yf u/L ;f] afktsf] v'b nufgL jf;nftdf k|:t't ug'{ kg]{5 . ;fy}, af]g; ;]o/
k|fKt ePdf ;]o/ ;+Vof dfq yk ug'{ kg]{5, o;nfO{ cfDbfgL hgfpg kfOg] 5}g .
$ ;6xL 36a9 ;dfof]hg gLlt
ljb]zL d'b|f;Fu ;DalGwt ;DklQ, bfloTj tyf ;6xL 36a9 cfDbfgL tyf vr{x?sf] n]vfg
ug]{ tl/sfnfO{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] n]vf gLlt cGtu{t v'nfpg' kg]{5 . ljb]zL d'b|f
sf/f]af/af6 x'g] cfDbfgLdWo] vl/b laqmLaf6 x'g] gfkmfgf]S;fg (Trading Profit/Loss) /
ljb]zL d'b|fsf] k'g/d"Nofgaf6 x'g] gfkmfgf]S;fg (Revaluation Gain/Loss) sf] :ki6 b]lvg]
u/L 5'f5'} n]vf /fVg' kg]{5 . Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ljb]zL ljlgdo b/df x'g] kl/jt{gsf]
cfwf/df sDtLdf k|To]s d;fGtdf ;6xL 36a9 lx;fj nfO{ ;dfof]hg ug'{ kg]{5 / k|To]s
;fntdfddf ;dfof]lht v'b k'g/d"Nofg gfkmfgf]S;fgsf] olsg ug'{ kg]{5 . ;fntdfddf
k'g/d"Nofg gf]S;fg ePdf gfkmf gf]S;fg lx;fjdf vr{ hgfpg' kg]{5 . olb ;dfof]lht v'b
k'g/d"Nofg /sd gfkmf ePdf ;f]nfO{ gfkmf gf]S;fg lx;fjdf cfDbfgL hgfO{ pQm gfkmfsf]
sDtLdf @% k|ltzt /sd gfkmfgf]S;fg afF8kmfF8 lx;fj dfkm{t\ ;6xL 36a9 sf]if lx;fjdf
ljlgof]lht ug'{ kg]{5 .
% u}/ a}+ls ;DklQsf] n]vfg gLlt
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] s'g} shf{ c;'nL gePdf ;'/If0fdf /x]sf] lwtf] a]rlavg u/L afFsL
;fFjf / Aofh p7fpg ;Sg]5 . ;+:yfn] shf{ c;'n ug]{ l;nl;nfdf lwtf] lnnfdL ubf{ lnnfd
laqmL gePdf cfkm}n] ;sf/ ug{' kg]{]5 . ;sf/ ubf{ lwtf]sf] k|rlnt ahf/ d'No jf lwtf] ;sf/
ug{ cl3Nnf] lbg ;Ddsf] ;Dk"0f{ n]gf /sd dWo] h'g sd x'G5 ;f]xL d"Nodf d"Nofg ug'{
kg]{5 . olb lwtf]sf] ahf/ d'No shf{sf] n]gf /sd eGbf sd ePdf sd ePhlt /sd ;f]xL
cfly{s jif{df gfkmfgf]S;fg lx;fjdf vr{ n]vL ;f]xL Joxf]/f n]vf gLltdf pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .
t/, o;/L d"Nofg ubf{ To:tf] u}/ a}+ls ;DklQ jfktsf] sd ;Dk"0f{ ?kdf lx;fj ldnfg
geP;Dd n]gf /sddWo]sf] Aofh /sdnfO{ gfkmfgf]S;fg lx;fadf cfDbfgL hgfpg kfOg]
5}g / To:tf] /sdnfO{ u}/ a}+ls ;DklQ jfktsf] gf]S;fgL Joj:yfdf ;fg'{ kg]{5 .
^ k'FhLs[t gul/g] ;DklQx? ;DaGwL n]vfg gLlt
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] Joj:yfkgn] s'g} lglZrt df]n;Dd kg]{ pks/0f, ;fdfgx? k'FhLs[t
gug]{ gLlt lnPsf] 5 eg] ;f] s'/f n]vf gLlt cGtu{t ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 .

127
 & cfDbfgLvr{ n]vfg ug]{ gLlt
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] s'g} klg cfovr{nfO{ ;fdfGotof k|f]befjL cfwf/ (Accrual Basis) df
cfovr{ hgfpg'kg]{5 . t/ shf{;fk6sf] Aofh cfDbfgL hgfpg] ;DaGwdf gub k|fKtLsf]
cfwf/df dfq hgfpg] Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 . o;/L Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfDbfgLvr{
hgfpg] ;DaGwdf lnPsf] gLltnfO{ cfgf] n]vf gLltdf :ki6 v'nfpg' kg]{5 .
;fy}, pko{'Qm Joj:yf adf]lhd kl/of]hgf shf{ sf] u|]; -Moratorium_ cjlw df kfs]sf]
AofhnfO{ k'FhLs/0f u/L cfDbfgL hgfpg kfOg] 5}g . t/, /fli6o k|fyldstf k|fKt If]qdf
nufgL ul/Psf] shf{sf] xsdf o; a}+ssf] k'j{ :jLs[tL lnO{ k'FhLs/0f u/L cfDbfgL hgfpg
afwf k'u]sf] dflgg] 5}g .
* ;Defljt shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf tyf c;'nL x'g g;Sg] shf{x?sf] ckn]vg gLlt
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zg cg';f/ ;Defljt shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf sfod
/fVg'kg]{] x'Fbf ;f]xL Joxf]/f n]vf gLltdf v'nfpg' kg]{5 . ;fy} c;'n x'g g;Sg] shf{x?sf] o;
a}+sn] lbPsf] lgb]{zgsf] clwgdf /xL ckn]vg ug]{ / Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yff/f clVtof/ u/]sf]
gLlt ;d]t n]vf gLlt cGtu{t v'nfpg' kg]{5 . Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] shf{ ckn]vg
ljlgodsf] cfwf/df /xL ckn]vg gLlt th'{df ug'{ kg]{5 .
( shf{sf] ;fFjf tyf Aofh c;'n ug]{ Joj:yf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] ;DalGwt C0fLaf6 /sd c;'npk/ ubf{ To:tf] c;'n /sd
dWo]af6 ;j{k|yd c;'n pk/ ug'{kg]{ Aofh /sd ;Dk"0f{ ?kdf c;'npk/ ePkl5sf] cj:yfdf
dfq afFsL /sd ;fFjfdf cfjZos lx;fj ldnfg ug{ ;Sg]5 .
t/, k'g/;+/rgf / k'g/tflnsLs/0f ul/Psf v/fj shf{x?sf] ;Gbe{df pko{'Qm Joj:yf nfu"
ug{ clgjfo{ x'g] 5}g .
!) cGo gLltx?
pko'{Qm k|d'v n]vf gLltx? afx]s jf;nft / gfkmfgf]S;fg lx;fjnfO{ a'em\g / ljZn]if0f ug{
;3fp k'Ug]u/L cGo s'g} n]vf gLltsf] hfgsf/L lbg cfjZos b]lvPdf ;f] Joxf]/f ;d]t n]vf
gLltdf pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ n]vf ;DaGwL l6Kk0fLx?
o; cGtu{t sDtLdf lgDg ljifox? ;dfj]z u/L cg';"rL $=## df jflif{s n]vf ljj/0fx?;Fu k|sflzt ug'{
kg]{5 .
!= jif{el/df k|jfx ePsf] shf{ ;fk6, c;'nL ePsf] / ldgfxf ul/Psf] ;fFjf tyf Aofhsf] ljj/0f .
@= lgIf]k bfloTj cGtu{t k|To]s zLif{sdf jif{el/df kl/jt{g -k|fKtL, e'QmfgL tyf jfFsL_ ePsf] /sd .
#= lgIf]k / shf{sf] efl/t cf}ift Aofh b/sf] cGt/ (Weighted Average Interest Rate Spread) .
$= ckn]vg x'g afFsL vr{sf] ljj/0f .
%= Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;DklQ / bfloTj;Fu ;DalGwt sf/f]af/ / jf;nft aflx/sf] sf/f]af/ s'g}
Ps JolQm kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yf tyf s'g} Ps If]qdf tf]lsPsf] ;LdfeGbf a9L clws]lGb|t
ePsf] ljj/0f .
^= t/ntf ;DaGwL hf]lvd Go'gLs/0f ug{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfgf] bfloTj tyf ;DklQnfO{
e'QmfgL cjlw (Maturity Period) sf] cfwf/df ljleGg ;do cGt/fndf juL{s/0f ug'{ kg]{ ;DaGwdf
o; a}+sn] lbPsf] lgb]{zg cg'?k ;DklQ / bfloTjsf] juL{s/0f ul/Psf] ljj/0f .
&= Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ;'/If0fsf ?kdf cfgf] ;DklQ lwtf] /fvL /sd lnPsf] 5 eg] ;f]sf]
ljj/0f .
(= u}/ a}ls ;DklQ ;DalGw ljj/0f -ut jif{sf], o; jif{ :jLsf/laqmL / v'b jfFsL /sd_ .

128
 !)= r'Qmf k'FhLdWo] clu|d e'QmfgL k|fKt (Paid in Advance), e'QmfgL k|fKt x'g afFsL (Calls in Arrears)
/ hkmt ul/Psf t/ k'gM lgisfzg gul/;s]sf (Forfeited But Not issued) ;]o/x? /x]sf] 5 eg]
o; ;DaGwL ljj/0f .
!!= lnhxf]N8 ;DklQdf ut jif{;Dd / o; jif{ ckn]vg (Amortization) ul/Psf] /sdsf] ljj/0f .
!@= ljQLo ljj/0fx?nfO{ a'g / ljZn]if0f ug{ ;3fp k'Ug] hfgsf/L lbg cfjZos b]lvPsf cGo
ljj/0f .
!#= Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] Ph]G;L df}Hbft cGtu{t cjlw cg';f/sf] -! jif{, !# jif{, # jif{eGbf a9L_
lx;fa ldnfg x'g afFsL /sdsf] ljj/0f .
-$_ jf;nftsf zLif{sx?sf] ;+lIfKt JofVof
k'FhL tyf bfloTjtk{m
!= ;]o/ k'FhL
o; zLif{sdf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] r'Qmf ;]o/ k'FhL pNn]v x'g' kg]{5 . ;l~rt d'gfkmf jf hu]8f
/sdaf6 af]g; ;]o/ hf/L ePdf o;/L hf/L u/L ;]o/ k'FhLdf hDdf u/]sf] /sdnfO{ ;d]t cg';"rL
$=! df pNn]v (Disclose) ug'{ kg]{5 . ;]o/ k'FhL;Fu ;DalGwt ljj/0f cg';"rL $=! adf]lhd x'g'
kg]{5 / ;f]xL cg';"rLsf] qmd ;+Vof !=^ sf] s'n /sd jf;nftsf] o; zLif{sdf hgfpg' kg]{5 .
@= hu]8f tyf sf]ifx?
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] hu]8f sfod ug]{ l;nl;nfdf gfkmfaf6 afF8kmfF8 e} cfPsf jf cGo s'g}
k|lqmofaf6 ;[hgf ePsf tyf gfkmfgf]S;fg lx;fjdf afF8kmfF8 gu/L ;+ro u/L /flvPsf] /sdx?nfO{
o; zLif{s -cg';"rL $=@_ df hgfpg' kg]{5 . o; zLif{sdf ;fdfGotM gfkmfgf]S;fg afF8kmfF8 lx;fjdf
vr{ hgfO{ hDdf ug'{ kg]{ / oL hu]8f k|of]u ubf{ ;DalGwt hu]8f tyf sf]if lx;fjdf vr{ hgfpg'
kg]{5 .
-s_ ;fwf/0fj}wflgs hu]8f sf]if
;fwf/0f hu]8f sf]if eg]sf] j}wflgs hu]8f sf]if (Statutory Reserve) xf] . o; cGtu{t a}+s
tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g cg';f/ v'b d'gfkmf ljlgof]hgaf6 ;fl/Psf] /sd ;dfj]z ug{'
kg]{5 . ;fwf/0fj}wflgs hu]8f sf]ifdf /x]sf] /sdaf6 s'g} klg k|sf/sf] nfef+z -gub jf
af]g; ;]o/_ ljt/0f ug{ kfOg] 5}g . pQm sf]ifdf /x]sf] /sd k|of]u ug{ o; a}+ssf] :jLs[lt
lng' kg]{5 .
-v_ k'FhLut hu]8f sf]if
k'FhLut hu]8f sf]if cGt{ut b]xfosf zLif{sx? /xg] 5g\ .
-c_ ;]o/ lk|ldod
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfgf] ;]o/ hf/L ubf{ ;]o/sf] c+lst d'No eGbf a9L b/n] hf/L
u/]sf] /x]5 eg] pQm a9L /sd hlt o; lx;fjdf hDdf ug'{ kg]{5 . o; lx;fjdf /xg]
/sd gub nfef+z ljt/0f k|of]hgsf] nflu of]Uo dflgg] 5}g .
-cf_ k'FhLut hu]8f
o; cGtu{t lgDg /sdx? /fVg' kg]{5 .
r'Qmf gePsf] ;]o/sf] afFsL /sd dfu ubf{ e'QmfgL gu/]sf] sf/0fn] pQm ;]o/nfO{
hkmt u/L k|fKt x'g cfPsf] /sd .
kF'hLut cg'bfg jfkt k|fKt x'g cfPsf] lhG;L tyf gub /sd .
-O_ ;DklQ k'gd"{Nofg hu]8f (Assets Revaluation Reserve)
sDkgLn] ;DklQsf] k'g/d"Nofg u/L ;[hgf x'g cfPsf] hu]8fnfO{ o; cGtu{t /fVg'
kg]{5 .
-O{_ cGo k'FhLut hu]8f

129
 -u_ nfef+z ;dLs/0f sf]]if
nfef+zdf Ps?ktf sfod ug{] p2]Zon] gfkmf ePsf] cj:yfdf gfkmfaf6 o; vftfdf hDdf
ug{;lsGf] 5 . To:tf] cj:yfdf ;~rfns ;ldltsf] k|:tfj / ;fwf/0f ;efsf] cg'df]bgdf o;
vftf vr{ u/L nfef+z lbg ;lsg] 5 .
-3_ ;l~rt gfkmfgf]S;fg
o; cGtu{t gfkmfgf]S;fg afF8kmfF8 lx;fjdf b]lvPsf] ;l~rt gfkmf jf ;l~rt gf]S;fgnfO{
b]vfpg' kg]{5 . ;l~rt gf]S;fgnfO{ C0ffTds lrGx lbO{ jf sf]i7 -===_ leq b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
-_ k'FhL ;dfof]hg sf]if
Ohfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yfsf] r'Qmf k'FhL j[l4 ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu ;[hgf ul/Psf jf cGo sf]ifaf6
o:tf] k|of]hgfy{ /sdfGt/ ul/Psf /sdnfO{ o; zLif{s cGtu{t /fVg' kg]{5 . k'FhL lkmtf{
hu]8f sf]ifdf afFsL /x]sf] /sd ;d]t o; sf]ifdf /sdfGt/ ug'{kg]{5 . o; sf]ifdf /x]sf] /sd
k'FhL j[l4 ug{ af]g; z]o/ hf/L ug]{ k|of]hg afx]s cGo s'g} k|of]hgsf nflu /sdfGt/ ug{
kfOg] 5}g .
-r_ cGo hu]8f sf]if
s'g} vf; p2]Zo lnP/ jf glnO{sg cGo s'g} hu]8f sf]if -dfly plNnlvt afx]s_ v8f u/]df
zLif{s vf]nL o; cGtu{t /fVg' kg]{5 .
#= C0fkq tyf jG8
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] C0fkq tyf aG8 hf/L u/L k'FhL p7fPsf] ePdf pQm /sdnfO{ o; zLif{s
cGtu{t cg';"rL $=# cGtu{t ;DalGwt pks/0fsf] gfd v'nfO{ pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 . jf;nftsf] o;
zLif{sdf hgfOg] /sd cg';"rL $=# sf] s'n /sd;Fu a/fa/ x'g' kg]{5 .
$= ltg{ afFsL shf{ -;fk6L_
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf cfkm"n] shf{ ;fk6 lnO{ ltg{ afFsL /x]sf] s'n /sdnfO{ o; zLif{sdf hgfpg'
kg]{5 . o; zLif{s ;DaGwL ljj/0f cg';"rL $=$ df pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .
%= e'QmfgL lbg' kg]{ lanx?
-s_ o; cGtu{t Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfg} zfvfx?af6 Ps csf]{ zfvf pk/ lvlrPsf],
:jb]zL tyf ljb]zL a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?af6 cfkm" pk/ lvr]sf] 8f6, l6=l6=, d]n
6fG;km/ tyf cGo k]c8{/ dWo] e'QmfgL lbg afFsL /sd ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 . cfk"m pk/
lvlrPsf] e'QmfgL cfb]zsf] ;'rgf jf ;]8\o'n jf cfb]z k|fKt x'g] ljlQs} ;DalGwt zfvf
lx;fj jf Ph]G;L lx;fj 8]lj6 u/L of] lx;fj q]ml86 ug'{ kg]{5 .
-v_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] l8:sfp06 u/]sf lanx?nfO{ olb cGo Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf;Fu k'gM
l8:sfp06 u/]df ;f] ;+:yfn] lan l8:sfp06 lx;fjnfO{ g} q]ml86 u/L l8:sfp06 lx;fj aGb
ug{ jf k'gM l8:sfp06 ul/Psf lan lx;fj egL leGb} vftf vf]nL o;df q]ml86 ug{ ;Sg]5 .
of] lx;fjdf /x]sf] /sdnfO{ klg e'QmfgL lbg' kg]{ lan cGtu{t g} Psd'i6 u/L b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
lan l8:sfp06 lx;fjd} q]ml86 ug]{ eP Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] lx;fj lstfadf k'gM
l8:sfp06 u/]sf] ;DaGwL s]xL bfloTj gb]lvg] x'G5 . t/, k'gM l8:sfp06 lan ;DaGwL
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] cb[Zo bfloTj /lx/xg] x'Fbf To:tf] /sdnfO{ jf;nftdf ;Defljt
bfloTj cGtu{t hgfpg' kg]{5 .
^= lgIf]k bfloTj
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] lgIf]kstf{x?af6 kl/rfng u/]sf] s'n lgIf]k o; zLif{s cGtu{t b]vfpg'
kg]{5 . o; zLif{s ;DaGwL ljj/0f cg';"rL $=% adf]lhd x'g' kg]{5 .
&= k|:tfljt tyf e'QmfgL lbg afF+sL nfef+z
k|:tfljt tyf ;fwf/0f;efn] kfl/t u/]sf] t/ e'StfgL u/L g;s]sf] nfef+z /sd o; cGtu{t /fVg'
kg]{5 .

130
*= cfos/ bfloTj
;+:yfn] o; zLif{s cGtu{t cfos/ P]g adf]lhd e'QmfgL ug'{ kg]{ cfos/ jfktsf] Joj:yf /sd
/fVg' kg]{5 . cu|Ld e'QmfgL ePsf] cfos/ /sd 36fP/ v"b ltg{ afFsL cfos/ eP dfq o; zLif{s
cGtu{t /fVg'' kg]{5 . olb cfos/ bfloTj eGbf clu|d s/ e'QmfgL /sd a9L /x]df v'b /sd cGo
;DklQdf b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
(= cGo bfloTj
;+:yfsf] lx;fadf b]lvPsf dfly plNnlvt k'FhL tyf bfloTjx? afx]ssf cGo s'g} klg lsl;dsf
bfloTjx? o; zLif{sdf b]vfpg' kg]{5 . o;df lbOPsf] pkzLif{sx? ;Lldt /x]sf] dflgPsf] 5}g /
;+:yfn] cfjZostf cg';f/ cGoq k|bz{g ug{ g;lsg] zLif{sx? o;df /fVg ;Sg]5 .
-s_ e'QmfgL lbg aFfsL af]g;
sd{rf/LnfO{ e'QmfgL lbg afFsL] af]g; /sd o; cGtu{t /fVg' kg]{5 .
-v_ lgIf]kdf e'QmfgL lbg afF+sL Aofh
lgIf]kdf e'QmfgL lbg afFsL] Aofh /sd o; cGtu{t /fVg' kg]{5 .
-u_ shf{ tyf ;fk6Ldf e'QmfgL lbg aFfsL Aofh
;+:yfn] shf{ tyf ;fk6Ldf e'QmfgL lbg aFfsL Aofh /sd o; cGtu{t /fVg' kg]{5 .
-3_ kfsL g;s]sf] sldzg
;+:yfn] s'g} ;]jf ul/lbP jfkt kfpg] sldzg b'O{ jf b'O{ eGbf a9L cfly{s jif{sf] nflu
k|bfg ug'{kg]{ ;]jf;Fu ;DalGwt 5 eg] k|bfg ug]{ ;]jfsf] cfwf/df b'O{ jf b'O{ eGbf a9L
cflys jif{df cfDbfgL hgfpg' kg]{5 . cfDbfgL hgfpg aFfsL clu|d?kdf k|fKt sldzg /sd
o; zLif{s cGtu{t /fVg' kg]{5 .
-_ ;08L qm]l86;{
;+:yfsf] b}lgs sfd sf/jfxLsf l;nl;nfdf e'QmfgL lbg' kg]{ t/ cGo zLif{s cGtu{t gkg]{
bfloTjx? o; zLif{s cGtu{t /fVg' kg]{5 .
-r_ n]vfk/LIf0f z'Ns
n]vfk/LIf0f sfo{ u/] afkt n]vfkl/IfsnfO{ e'QmfgL lbg aF+fsL /sd o; zLif{s cGtu{t /fVg'
kg]{5 .
-5_ pkbfg sf]if
;+:yfn] cfgf] sd{rf/L ;]jf ljlgodfjnL cg';f/ sd{rf/Lx?k|ltsf] pkbfg jfktsf] bfloTj /sd
o; zLif{s cGtu{t /fVg' kg]{5 .
-h_ sd{rf/L ;+rosf]if
;+:yfn] sd{rf/LnfO{ ;+ros]fif Affkt k|bfg ug{sf] nflu sd{rf/Lsf] dfl;s tnaaf6 sf
ul/Psf], ;+:yfn] yk u/]sf] / To; sf]ifn] cfh{g u/]sf] Aofh tyf cfDbfgL jfktsf] bfloTj
/sd o; zLif{s cGtu{t /fVg' kg]{5 .
-em_ zfvf lx;fa
;+:yfsf] ljleGg zfvfsf] lx;fa ldnfgubf{ qm]l86 Jofn]G; cfPdf o; zLif{s cGtu{t k|:t't
ug{' kg]{5 .
;DklQtk{mM
!= gub df}Hbft
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] cfgf] 9's'6Ldf :jb]zL Pjd\ ljb]zL d'b|fdf /x]sf] s'n gub df}Hbft
/sd o; zLif{sdf pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 . o; zLif{ssf] lj:t[t ljj/0f cg';"rL $=* df pNn]v
ug'{ kg]{5 .

131
@= g]kfn /fi6 a}+sdf /x]sf] df}Hbft
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] g]kfn /fi6 a}+sdf Aofh k|fKt gx'g] u/L hDdf u/]sf] s'n /sdnfO{
o; zLif{sdf b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
#= a}+sljQLo ;+:yfdf /x]sf] df}Hbft
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] :jb]zL tyf ljb]zL a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?df Aofh k|fKt gx'g] u/L
hDdf u/]sf] s'n /sdnfO{ o; zLif{sdf b]vfpg' kg]{5 . o; zLif{ssf] /sd cg';"rL $=!)
sf] s'n /sd;Fu a/fa/ x'g' kg]{5 .
:ki6Ls/0fM o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt ljsf; a}+s tyf ljQ sDkgLx?n] Ps xKtfsf] clu|d
;'rgfdf lkmtf{ lng ;lsg] u/L :jb]zL a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfdf Ohfhtkqk|fKt v, u /
3 ju{sf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] /fv]sf] ltg dlxgf jf ;f]eGbf a9L cjlwsf d'2lt lgIf]knfO{
;d]t cg';"rL $=!) sf] a'Fbf g+= ! v cGtu{t b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
$= dfu tyf cNk ;'rgfdf k|fKt x'g] /sd
o; zLif{sdf j9Ldf & lbg;Ddsf] e'QmfgL cjlw (Maturity Period) sfod u/L dfu ugf{;fy
jf 5f]6f] cjlwsf] ;'rgf -$* 306f_ df e'QmfgL k|fKt x'g] zt{df cGo Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf -
:jb]zL jf ljb]zL_ df Aofh k|fKt x'g] u/L nufgL ul/Psf] /sd pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 . o;
zLif{ssf] /sd cg';"rL $=!! df pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .
%= nufgL
-s_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] Jofkfl/s nufgL (Held For Trade), laqmLsf] nflu pknAw
nufgL (Available for Sale) tyf e'QmfgL ldlt;Dd wf/0f ug]{ nufgL (Held to
Maturity) u/L ltg efudf 5'ofO b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
-v_ ;]o/ nufgLaf6 k|fKt x'g] af]g; ;]o/nfO{ ;]o/ ;+Vofdf dfq j[l4 u/L k/ndf]ndf s'g}
kl/jt{g gu/L nufgLsf] n]vfg ug'{ kg]{5 .
-u_ ;+:yfsf] ;]o/ k'FhLdf nufgL ul/Psf] ljj/0f cg';"rL $=!@ -s_ sf] ;]o/ nufgL
zLif{sdf b]vfpg' kg]{5 . pQm ljj/0fdf lgDg s'/fx? :ki6 v'nfpg' kg]{5 .
-!_ sDkgLsf] gfd
-@_ ;]o/sf] lsl;d -;fwf/0f jf lk|km/]G;_, lk|km/]G; ;]o/df nfef+z b/ ;d]t .
-#_ lnPsf] ;]o/ lsQf -af]g; ;]o/ kfPsf] eP ;f] ;d]t_ .
-$_ k|lt ;]o/ c+lst d'No
-%_ k/n df]n dxndf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] nfut .
-^_ :6s PS;r]Ghdf ;'rLs[t ;]o/ eP jf;nftsf] lbgsf] ;"lrs[t d'No .
-&_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ;]o/df nufgL u/]sf] s'g} sDkgLn] ljut # jif{ jf
;f]eGbf a9L ;dob]lv s'g} nfef+z 3f]if0ff u/]sf 5}gg\ eg] ;f] ;d]t v'nfpg'
kg]{ .
-3_ sDkgLx?sf] l8j]~r/ tyf jG8df ul/Psf] nufgLsf] ljj/0f cg';"rL $=!@ -s_ sf]
l8j]~r/ tyf jG8 nufgL zLif{sdf b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
-!_ sDkgLsf] gfd
-@_ Aofhb/
-#_ l8j]~r/jG8sf] lsQf
-$_ l8j]~r/jG8sf] c+lst d"No
-%_ l8j]~r/jG8sf] e'QmfgL x'g] ldlt
-^_ l8j]~r/jG8 vl/bsf] nfut d'No k/n df]n dxndf b]vfpg' kg]{ .
-_ lwtf]kq ljlgdo ahf/df ;'rLs[t ;]o/, l8j]~r/ tyf cGo lwtf]kq k/n d"NoeGbf ahf/
d'No sd ePdf To:tf k|To]s nufgLx?df xfgL gf]S;fgL jfkt Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 . ;f]
Joj:yf ul/Psf] /sd nufgLsf] s'n /sddf 36fO{ v'b nufgL /sd o; zLif{sdf b]vfpg'
kg]{5 . ;fy} cg';"rL $=!@ sf] qm=;+= * / ( sf] s'n /sd cg';"rL $=!@ -s_ sf] s'n
nufgLsf] /sd;Fu a/fa/ x'g' kg]{5 .

132
 -r_ cg';"rL $=!@ sf] qm=;+= ! b]lv ( ;Dd pNn]v eP afx]ssf] nufgLnfO{ cGo nufgL
cGtu{tsf] zLif{sdf b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
^= shf{ ;fk6 tyf lan vl/b
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] k|bfg u/]sf] s'n shf{ ;fk6, vl/b tyf l8isfp06 ul/Psf lanx?
jfktsf] s'n jSof}tf (Outstanding) /sd Pjd\ s'n shf{af6 shf{ gf]S;fgL jfkt Joj:yf
u/]sf] /sd 36fO{ o; zLif{s cGtu{t v'b shf{ ;fk6sf] dxndf b]vfpg' kg]{5 . pQm /sd
cg';"rL $=!# / $=!# -s_ cg';f/ b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] sd{rf/LnfO{ sd{rf/L ljlgodfjnL cg';f/ k|bfg ul/g] shf{
;'ljwfnfO{ o; zLif{sdf gb]vfO{ jf;nftsf] ;DklQ / hfoh]yf tk{msf] cGo ;DklQ zLif{s
cGtu{t b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
&= l:y/ ;DklQ
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] :jfldTjdf /x]sf] :yfoL k|s[ltsf ;DklQx?sf] n]vfg o; zLif{sdf
u/L ;DklQsf] s'n d"Nodf x|f; sf u/L afFsL /x]sf] /sdnfO{ jf;nftsf] o; zLif{sdf
b]vfpg' kg]{5 . o; zLif{sdf hgfOg] /sd cg';"rL $=!$ df pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .
*= u}/ a}+ls ;DklQ
o; zLif{s cGtu{t u}/ j}+lsu ;DklQ / ;f] sf] nflu ul/Psf] Joj:yf /sdsf] v'b cj:Yff
b]vfpg' kb{5 . o; zLif{sdf hgfOg] /sd cg';"rL $=!% df pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .
(= cGo ;DklQ
dfly pNn]v ePsf afx]s cGo s'g} klg zLif{sdf /x]sf] ;DklQx? (Tangible or Intangible) o;
zLif{sdf b]vfpg' kg]{5 . o;df /xg] /sdx?df d;nGb df}Hbft, Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf]
sd{rf/LnfO{ sd{rf/L ljlgodfjnL cg';f/ k|bfg ul/g] ;fk6L tyf ;'ljwf, nufgLdf c;'n ug{
afFsL cfDbfgL, shf{df c;'n ug{ afFsL Aofh, ;08L 8]6;{, dfu{:y ;DklQx?, ckn]vg x'g afFsL
vr{ cflb kg]{5g\ . o; zLif{sdf b]vfOg] ;DklQx?df ul/Psf] ;Defljt gf]S;fgL Joj:yf 36fO{
cfpg] v'b /sd dfq cg';"rL $=!^ df pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .
shf{df c;'n ug{ jfFsL Aofhdf d'NtaL lx;fjdf ;fl/Psf] /sd 36fO{ cfpg] /sd qm=;+= # df
b]vfpg' kb{5 .
;Defljt bfloTjx?
-s_ ;+:yfsf] ;Defljt bfloTjx?nfO{ ljQLo ljj/0fsf] cg';"rL $=!& df tf]lsPsf] 9fFrf cg';f/
laefhg u/L s'n /sd o; zLif{s cGtu{t /fVg' kg]{5 .
-v_ k|lttkq vf]lnP jfkt dflh{g /sd hlt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] c;'n u/L;s]sf] x'Fbf
k|lttkqsf] k'/} /sddf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] bfloTj /x]sf] lgZro klg x'Fb}g . tyflk of]
bfloTj k|lttkq vf]Ng] kIfk|lt geO{ Ph]G;L ;+:yfk|lt /x]sf] x'Fbf k|lttkqsf] k'/} /sd bzf{pg'
k5{ . o; zLif{s cGtu{t k|lttkq sf/f]af/ jfkt bfloTjsf] k'/} /sd b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
-u_ k'gM l8isfp06 ul/Psf lanx? o; zLif{s cGtu{t b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
-3_ Dofb gf3L g;s]sf hdfgt jfktsf k'/} /sdx?nfO{ ;Defljt bfloTjdf b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
-_ ;]o/df nufgL u/]sf]df ;]o/ jfkt e'QmfgL ug'{ kg]{ k'/} /sd e'QmfgL ePsf] /x]g5 eg]
e'QmfgL lbg afFsL /sd o; zLif{sdf b]vfpg' k5{ .
-r_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] s'g} u|fxs;Fu Forward Exchange Contract u/]sf] 5 eg] Dofb gf3L
g;s]sf] sG6ofS6sf] k'/f /sd o; zLif{sdf b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
-5_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] d~h'/L tyf ;dy{g (Acceptence & Endorsement), k|Tofe"lt
k|ltj4tf (Underwriting Commitment), shf{ k|ltj4tf (Loan Commitment) u/]sf] 5 eg]
To:tf /sdx?nfO{ ;Defljt bfloTj cGtu{t b]vfpg' kg]{5 .

133
 -h_ dfly plNnlvt bfloTj afx]s Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] cGo ;Defljt bfloTj 5g\ eg] ;f]
;d]tnfO{ cg';"rL $=!& cGtu{t b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
-%_ gfkmfgf]S;fg lx;fjsf zLif{sx?sf] ;+lIfKt JofVof
!= Aofh cfDbfgL
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] k|bfg u/]sf] shf{ ;fk6df k|fKt x'g' kg]{ AofhnfO{ gub k|fKtLsf] cfwf/df
cfDbfgL jfFwL o; zLif{sdf b]vfpg' kg]{5 . ;+:yfsf] Aofh cfDbfgLnfO{ cg';"rL $=!* adf]lhd
pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .
t/ o; Joj:yfn] cfiff9dlxgf;Dddf kfs]sf] Aofh jiff{Gtkl5sf] ;fpg !% ut]leq k|fKt ePdf ;f]
/sdnfO{ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] cfcfgf] cfDbfgL n]vfg ;DaGwL gLltdf :ki6 v'nfO{ ut
cfly{s jif{sf] gfkmf gf]S;fg lx;fjdf cfDbfgL hgfpg afwf k'u]sf] dflgg] 5}g .
@= Aofh vr{
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] :jLsf/ u/]sf] lgIf]kdf tyf lnPsf] ;fk6Ldf plNnlvt cjlwdf ltg'{ kg]{
Aofh /sdnfO{ Aofh vr{ lx;fj zLif{sdf vr{ n]Vg' kg]{5 . gfkmfgf]S;fg lx;fjsf] o; zLif{sdf
hgfO{g] s'n /sd cg';"rL $=!( df pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .
#= sldzg tyf l8isfp06
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfgf] sf/f]af/sf] l;nl;nfdf plNnlvt cjlwdf cfh{g u/]sf] sldzg,
;]jf z'Ns tyf l8isfp06sf] s'n /sdnfO{ o; zLif{sdf hgfO{ cg';"rL $=@) cg';f/ b]vfpg'
kg]{5 .
$= cGo ;~rfng cfDbfgL
cfDbfgL zLif{stk{m Joj;fo ;~rfngaf6 dfly pNn]v ul/P afx]s Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfh{g
u/]sf] cGo s'g} klg cfDbfgLnfO{ o; zLif{sdf hgfO{ cg';"rL $=@! cg';f/ b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
%= ;6xL 36j9 cfDbfgL
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ljb]zL d'b|f sf/f]af/ -af afx]s_ jf6 ePsf] gfkmf tyf ljb]zL d'b|f ;6xL
b/df ePsf] kl/jt{gsf] sf/0fn] x'g uPsf] gfkmfgf]S;fgnfO{ 5'f5'} zLif{sdf b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
cg';"rL $=@@ sf] hDdf /sddf gfkmf b]lvPdf dfq ;f] /sd o; zLif{sdf pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .
cg;"rL $=@@ sf] a'Fbf g+= -s_ ljlgdob/df ePsf] km/saf6 ePsf] s'n cfDbfgLsf] @%% k|To]s
;fn tdfddf gfkmf gf]S;fg jfF8kmfF8 lx;fj ljlgof]hgaf6 ;6xL 36j9 lx;fjdf hDdf ug'{ kg]{5 .
^= sd{rf/L vr{
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf sd{rf/Lx?sf] lgldQ eP u/]sf] vr{x?sf] s'n /sd o; zLif{sdf hgfpg'
kg]{5 . o; zLif{sdf ;dfj]z x'g] vr{x?df sd{rf/L tnj, eQf, k]G;g, pkbfg vr{, ;~rosf]if
yk, tflnd vr{, kf]zfs vr{, aLdf cflb kg]{5g\ . o; zLif{sdf hgfO{g] /sd cg';"rL $=@#
cg';f/ pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .
&= cGo ;~rfng vr{
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfgf] sfof{no ;~rfngsf] l;nl;nfdf ePu/]sf cGo ;Dk"0f{ ;~rfng
vr{x?sf] s'n /sd of] zLif{sdf hgfpg' kg]{5 . o; zLif{sdf pNn]v ul/g] /sd cg';"rL $=@$ df
pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .
*= ;6xL 36j9 gf]S;fg
;6xL 36j9 cfDbfgLgf]S;fg lx;fjdf b]lvPsf] v'b df}Hbft C0ffTds /x]df of] zLif{sdf b]vfpg'
kg]{5 .
(= ;Defljt gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
hf]lvdo'Qm ;DklQ (Risk assets) sf] nflu o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zg adf]lhd /fVg'kg]{ Joj:yf
(Provision) gfkmfgf]S;fg lx;fjsf] o; zLif{sdf vr{ hgfO{ cg';"rL $=@% cg';f/ pNn]v ug'{
kg]{5 . o:tf] Joj:Yffsf] cg'dfg q}dfl;s ?kdf ug'{ kg]{5 .

134
 !)= u}/ ;~rfng cfDbfgLgf]S;fg
sf/f]af/sf] l;nl;nfdf k|ToIf ?kn] ;~rfng;Fu ;DalGwt g/x]sf cfDbfgL tyf vr{x? o;
zLif{s cg';f/ pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 . o; zLif{sdf hgfOg] /sd cg';"rL $=@^ cg';f/ pNn]v ug'{
kb{5 .
!!= ;Defljt gf]S;fgL Joj:yfjf6 lkmtf{
hf]lvdo'Qm ;DklQx? (Risk assets) sf] nflu ul/Psf] Joj:yf /sd a9L ePdf a9L ePsf] /sd
lkmtf{ cfDbfgL (Write back) ug'{ kg]{ cj:Yff cfPdf o; zLif{s cGtu{t b]vfO{ cg';"rL $=@&
cg';f/ pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .
!@= c;fdfGo sf/f]af/x?af6 ePsf] cfDbfgLvr{
c;fdfGo sf/f]af/x?af6 ePsf] cfDbfgLvr{ cGtu{t dfly plNnlvt cGo zLif{sx? afx]s v'b
Aofh cfDbfgLsf] % k|ltzteGbf a9L /x]sf ;a} vr{ tyf cfDbfgLsf] nflu cg;"rL $=@* cg';f/
cnUu} zLif{sdf b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
!#= sd{rf/L af]g; Joj:yf
sd{rf/L af]g;sf] Joj:yf ubf{ gfkmfgf]S;fg lx;fjsf] ;Dk"0f{ sf/f]af/ kl5sf] v'b d'gfkmf -af]g;
Joj:yf ;d]t_ nfO{ cfwf/ lng'kg]{5 . ljBdfg sfg'g adf]lhd v'b gfkmfaf6 tf]lsPsf] k|ltztn]
af]g;sf]nflu 5'6fpg' kg]{ /sdnfO{ o; zLif{s dfkm{t gfkmfgf]S;fg lx;fjdf vr{ hgfpg' kg]{5 .
!$= cfo s/ Joj:yf
v'b s/ of]Uo gfkmfdf nfUg] cfo s/ jfktsf] /sd o; zLif{sdf vr{ n]Vg' kg]{5 . Ohfhtkqk|fKt
;+:yfn] cfo s/ P]g tyf k|rlnt cfly{s sfg'gn]] 5'6 lbPsf / dfGotf glbOPsf vr{x?sf] lx;fj
u/L s/ of]Uo gfkmf sfod ug'{kg]{5 / ;f]xL cg'dflgt s/ of]Uo gfkmfsf] cfwf/df cfo s/ ;DaGwL
efjL bfloTj lgwf{/0f u/L o; zLif{s dfk{mt gfkmfgf]S;fg lx;fjdf vr{ hgfpg' kg]{5 .
!%= v'b gfkmfgf]S;fg
o; zLif{sdf /x]sf] /sdnfO{ ;f]xL jif{sf]cjlwsf] gfkmfgf]S;fg jfF8kmfF8 lx;fj sf] o; jif{sf]
d'gfkmf jf o; jif{sf] gf]S;fg zLif{sdf b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
-^_ gfkmfgf]S;fg jfF8kmfF8 lx;fj ;DaGwL zLif{sx?sf] ;+lIfKt JofVof
vr{ tk{msf] ljj/0f -Debit tkm{_
!= ut jif{;Ddsf] ;l~rt gf]S;fg
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] lx;fjdf ut cfly{s jif{;Ddsf] ;l~rt 3f6f /x]sf] cj:yfdf o; zLif{sdf
hgfpg' kg]{5 .
@= ;fwf/0f hu]8f sf]if
r'Qmfk'FhLsf] bf]Jj/ geP;Dd k|To]s jif{sf] v'b gfkmfaf6 sDtLdf jL; k|ltzt /sd ;fwf/0f hu]8f
sf]ifdf jfF8kmfF8 ug'{ kg]{5 .
#= e}kl/ cfpg] hu]8f
cfgf] v'b gfkmfaf6 s]xL c+z 5'6\ofO{ e}k/L cfpg] hu]8f zLif{sdf /fVg] lg0f{o u/]df To:tf] /sd
o; sf]ifdf afF8kmfF8 ug'{ kg]{5 .
$= ;+:yf ljsf; sf]if
cfgf] gfkmfnfO{ ;+:yf ljsf; sf]ifdf hDdf ug]{ u/L jfF8kmFf8 ug]{ lg0f{o u/]df ;f] adf]lhdsf] /sd
o; zLif{sdf b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
%= nfef+z ;lds/0f sf]if
;+:yfsf] gfkmfaf6 s]xL /sd cfufdL jif{x?df nfef+z ;lds/0f ug]{ p2]Zon] jfF8kmfF8 u/L 5'} /fVg
rfx]df To:tf] /sdnfO{ o; zLif{s dfkm{t jfF8kmfF8 lx;fjdf vr{ hgfpg' kg]{5 .

135
 ^= sd{rf/L ;DaGwL hu]8fx?
;+:yfsf] sd{rf/Lx?;Fu ;DalGwt s'g} k|sf/sf sNof0fsf/L sf]if jf cGo s'g} lsl;dsf sf]ifx?df
gfkmfsf] s]xL c+z jfF8kmfF8 ug]{ ePdf o; zLif{s dfk{mt jfF8kmfF8 lx;fjdf vr{ hgfpg' kg]{5 .
&= k|:tfljt nfef+z
cfgf] gfkmfsf] s]xL c+z nfef+z ljt/0f ug{ k|:tfj u/]sf] ePdf ;f] /sdnfO{ o; zLif{ssf]
afF8kmfF8 lx;fjdf vr{ hgfpg' kg]{5 .
*= k|:tfljt af]g; ;]o/
cfgf] ;l~rt d'gfkmfnfO{ k'FhLs/0f u/L ljBdfg ;]o/jfnfx?nfO{ af]g; ;]o/ k|bfg ug]{ jf ;]o/s}
r'Qmf d'No a9fpg] lg0f{o u/]df ;f] jfktsf] /sddWo] ;l~rt d'gfkmfaf6 hlt k|of]u x'g] xf] ;f]
/sdnfO{ gfkmfgf]S;fg afF8kmfF8 lx;fadf vr{ n]vL o; zLif{sdf hDdf ug'{ kg]{5 .
(= ljz]if hu]8f sf]if
o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zg adf]lhd s'g} klg lsl;dsf] ljz]if hu]8f sf]ifx? v8f ug{ ;l~rt d'gfkmf k|of]u
ug'{kbf{ o; zLif{s dfk{mt afF8kmfF8 lx;fjdf vr{ hgfpg' kg]{5 .
!)= ;6xL 36a9 sf]if
ljb]zL d'b|fsf] k'gd"{Nofgaf6 jif{e/Ldf ePsf] cfDbfgLdWo] ;6xL 36j9 ;DjlGw gLlt adf]lhd
pQm sf]ifdf ljlgof]hg ug'{ kg]{ /sd o; zLif{sdf b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
-&_ OlSj6Ldf ePsf] kl/jt{g ;DjlGw ljj/0f
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] tf]lsPsf] 9fFrfdf cfjZos ljj/0fx? v'nfO{ g]kfn n]vf dfkb08 (NAS) sf]
cfwf/df ljQLo ljj/0fsf] cleGg csf] ?kdf OlSj6Ldf ePsf] kl/jt{g ;DjlGw ljj/0f tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
-*_ gub k|jfx ljj/0f
sDkgL P]g, @)^# sf] bkmf !)( adf]lhd x/]s sDkgLn] cfgf] jflif{s lx;fa ljj/0fx? tof/ ubf{ gfkmf
gf]S;fg lx;fj tyf jf;nftsf] cnfjf gub k|jfx ljj/0f klg tof/ ug'{ kg]{ Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . o;y{
sDkgLsf] ?kdf btf{ ePsf ;a} Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] cfgf] jflif{s lx;fj ;Fu} gub k|jfx ljj/0f
;d]t tf]lsPsf] 9fFrfdf tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
-(_ ;+:yfks ;]o/ lwtf] aGws ;DaGwdf
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf ;+:yfks ;]o/wgLn] lnPsf] ;]o/ cGo a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfdf lwtf] aGws /fvL
shf{ lnPsf] eP ;DalGwt a}+sljQLo ;+:yfsf] jflif{s k|ltj]bgdf pNn]v -Disclose_ ug'{ kg]{ u/L cg';"rL
$=#$ adf]lhdsf] ljj/0f k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-!)_ :yug s/ ;DaGwL Joj:yf
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] ljQLo ljj/0f k|sfzg ubf{ g]kfn n]vfdfg ( -Nepal Accounting Standard -
9_ cg';f/ :yug s/ -Deferred Tax_ sf] n]vf+sg u/L ;f] ljifo ;d]t v'nfpg' -Disclose_ kg]{5 . pQm
zLif{snfO{ ljQLo ljj/0fdf b]xfo adf]lhd x'g] u/L k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{]5 .
!= gfkmf gf]S;fg lx;fjdf cfos/ Joj:yf zLif{s cGtu{t xfn sfod /x]sf] lgoldt k|s[ltsf] s/ vr{
-Current Tax_ sf] cnfjf o; jif{sf] :yug s/ -Deferred Tax_ zLif{sdf cfDbfgLvr{ n]vf+sg ug{'
kg]{ Joj:yf ldnfO{Psf] 5 .
@= jf;nftdf :yug s/ ;DklQ Pjd\ bfloTjsf] 5'} zLif{s sfod ug'{kg]{ ePsf]n] o;nfO{ jf;nftsf]
cGo bfloTj;DklQ ;DaGwL cg';"rLdf cGo eGbf dfly :yug s/ bfloTj;DklQ pkzLif{s
sfod ug'{ kg]{ Joj:yf ldnfO{Psf] 5 .
#= jflif{s k|ltj]bgsf] n]vf ;DaGwL l6Kk0fLdf :yug s/ u0fgfsf] nflu ckgfO{Psf] s/sf] b/ / ;f]
ckgfpg'sf] cfwf/, s/of]Uo Pjd\ s/ u0fgf ubf{ 36fpg ldNg] c:yfoL km/sx?, u0fgf ul/Psf]
:yug s/ / ;f] jfkt ;[hgf x'g uPsf] ;DklQ tyf bfloTjsf] lj:t[t ljj/0f v'nfpg' kg]{5 .

136
-!!_ 5'6 k|bfg ug{ ;lsg]
o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt 3 ju{sf ljQLo ;+:yfx?nfO{ sf/f]af/sf] k|s[lt / cj:yf x]/L tof/ ug'{ kg]{
ljj/0f tyf ;dfj]z ug'{kg]{ ljQLo ljj/0fsf] ;DaGwdf cfjZostf cg';f/ 5'6 k|bfg ug{ ;lsg]5 .
-!@_ vf/]hL / jrfpm M
-!_ o; a}+saf6 o;cl3 hf/L ul/Psf b]xfosf lgb]{zgx? vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 M
PsLs[t lgb]{zg, @)&# sf] n]vf gLlt tyf ljQLo ljj/0fx?sf] 9fFrf ;DaGwL Joj:yf O=k|f lgb]{zg
g+=$)&# af6 hf/L ul/Psf] lgb]{zg tyf ;f] kZrft ldlt @)&$ ;fpg ( ut] ;Dd hf/L ePsf
o;} ljifo;Fu ;DalGwt ;Dk"0f{ kl/kqx? .
-@_ pka'Fbf -!_ adf]lhd vf/]h ul/Psf] lgb]{zg adf]lhd eP u/]sf sfd sf/jfxL o;} lgb]{zg adf]lhd
eP u/]sf] dflgg]5 .

137
 =================lnld6]8
@)&=======;fn c;f/ d;fGtsf] jf;nft

cg;"rL o; jif{ ut jif{

k'FhL tyf bfloTj
? ?
!= ;]o/ kF"hL $=!
@= hu]8f tyf sf]ifx? $=@
#= C0fkq tyf aG8 $=#
$= ltg{ afFsL shf{ ;fk6 $=$
%= lgIf]k bfloTj $=%
^= e'QmfgL lbg' kg]{ lanx? $=^
&= k|:tfljt gub nfef+z
*= cfos/ bfloTj
( cGo bfloTj $=&
s'n k'FhL tyf bfloTj

;DklQ cg;"rL o; jif{ ut jif{

? ?
!= gub df}Hbft $=*
@= g]kfn /fi6 a}+sdf /x]sf] df}Hbft $=(
#= a}+sljQLo ;+:yfdf /x]sf] df}Hbft $=!)
$= dfu tyf cNk ;"rgfdf k|fKt x'g] /sd $=!!
%= nufgL $=!@
^= shf{ ;fk6 tyf ljn vl/b $=!#
&= :yL/ ;DklQ $=!$
*= u}/a}ls ;DklQ $=!%
(= cGo ;DklQ $=!^
s'n ;DklQ

;+efljt bfloTj cg';"rL 4=17

;~rfnsxsf] #f]if)ff cg';"rL 4=29
k'+hLsf]if tflnsf cg';"rL 4=30
hf]lvd efl/t ;DklQ ljj/)f tflnsf cg";'rL 4=30-s_
k|d"v ;"rsfx cg';"rL 4=31
k|d"v n]vf gLltx cg';"rL 4=32
n]vf ;DaGwL l^Kk)fLx? cg';"rL 4=33

4=1 b]lv 4=17 ;Ddsf cg';"rLx jf;nftsf cleGg c+u x'g\ .

138
 =====================lnld6]8
ldlt ==============b]lv================;Dd
gfkmf gf]S;fg lx;fj
o; jif{ ut jif{
ljj/0f cg';"rL
? ?
!= Aofh cfDbfgL $=!*
@= Aofh vr{ $=!(
v'b Aofh cfDbfgL
#= sldzg tyf l8:sfp06 $=@)
$= cGo ;~rfng cfDbfgL $=@!
% ;6xL 36j9 cfDbfgL $=@@
s'n ;~rfng cfDbfgL
^= sd{rf/L vr{ $=@#
&= cGo ;~rfng vr{ $=@$
*= ;6xL 36j9 gf]S;fg $=@@
;Defljt gf]S;fgL Joj:yf cl3sf] ;~rfng d'gfkmf
(= ;Defljt gf]S;fgL Joj:yfx? $=@%
;~rfng d'gfkmf
!)= u}/ ;~rfng cfDbfgLvr{ $=@^
!!= ;Defljt gf]S;fgL Aoa:yf af6 lkmtf{ $=@&
lgoldt sf/f]af/jf6 ePsf] d'gfkmf
!@= c;fdfGo sf/f]af/x?af6 ePsf] cfDbfgLvr{ $=@*
;Dk"0f{ sf/f]af/ ;dfj]z kl5sf] v'b d'gfkmf
!#= sd{rf/L af]g; Aoa:yf
!$ cfos/ Joj:yf
o; jif{sf] s/ Joj:yf
ljut jif{;Ddsf] s/ Joj:yf
o; jif{sf] :yug s/ cfDbfgLvr{
v'b gfkmfgf]S;fg

4=18 b]lv 4=28 ;Ddsf cg';"rLx gfkmf gf]S;fg lx;fjsf cleGg c+u x'g\ .

139
 =================== lnld^]*
gfkmf gf]S;fg af+*kmf+* lx;fa
ldlt ============ b]lv =================;Dd
ljj/0f cg';"rL o; jif{ ut jif{ =
cfDbfgL
1= ut jif{;Ddsf] ;l~rt d'gfkmf
2= o; jif{sf] d'gfkmf
3= ;^xL #^a( sf]if
hDdf
vr{
1= ut jif{;Ddsf] ;l~rt gf]S;fg
2= o; jif{sf] gf]S;fg
3= ;fwf/)f hu]*fsf]if
4= e}k/L cfpg] hu]*f
5= ;+:yf ljsf; sf]if
6= nfef+z ;dLs/)f sf]if
7= sd{rf/L ;DaGwL hu]*fx
8= k|:tfljt nfef+z
9= k|:tfljt af]g; ;]o/
10= ljz]if hu]*f sf]if
11= ;^xL #^a( sf]if
12= k'FhL lkmtf{ hu]*f sf]if
13= k'FhL ;dfof]hg sf]if
14= ==============================
hDdf

15= ;l~rt d'gfkmf-gf]S;fg_

=================== lnld^]*
OlSj6Ldf ePsf] kl/jt{g ;DjlGw ljj/0f
cf=j= 20==========-?=_
ljj/0f Z]fo/ ;l~rt ;fwf/0f k"Flhut ;]o/ ;6xL :yug s/ cGo s'n /sd
k'FhL Gff=gf]= hu]8f hu]8f lk|ldod 36a9 hu]8f hu]8f
sf]if sf]if sf]if sf]if tyf sf]if
Z'f? df}Hbft
:yug s/
;dfof]lht z'?
df}Hbft
;dfof]hg
====================
====================
====================
====================
clGtd df}Hbft

140
 ==========================lnld6]8
gub k|jfx ljj/0f
ldlt ============ b]lv ========== ;Dd
ljj/)f o; jif{ = ut jif{ =
-s_ sf/f]af/ ;~rfngaf^ gub k|jfx
1= gub k|flKt
1=1 Aofh cfDbfgL
1=2 sldzg tyf l*isfpG^ cfDbfgL
1=3 ljb]zL ljlgdo sf/f]af/af^ cfDbfgL
1=4 ckn]lvt shf{sf] c;'nL
1=5 cGo cfDbfgL
2= gub e'QmfgL
2=1 Aofh vr{
2=2 sd{rf/L vr{
2=3 sfof{no ;~rfng vr{
2=4 cfos/ e'QmfgL
2=5 cGo vr{
sfo{ut k'FhL ultljlw cl#sf] gub k|jfx
;~rfng ;DaGwL rfn' ;DklQdf sdL-j[l$_
1= dfu tyf cNk ;'rgfdf k|fKt x'g] /sddf sdL-j[l$_
2= cGo cNksfnLg nufgLdf sdL-j[l$_
3= shf{ tyf laN; vl/bdf sdL-j[l$_
4= cGo ;DklQdf sdL-j[l$_
;~rfng ;DjlGw rfn' bfloTjdf -sdL_j[l$
1= lgIf]k bfloTjdf -sdL_j[l$
2= ;l^{lkms]^ ckm l*kf]lh^df -sdL_j[l$
3= cNksfnLg ;fk^Ldf -sdL_j[l$
4= cGo bfloTjdf -sdL_j[l$
-v_ nufgL sf/f]af/df gub k|jfx
1= bL#{sfnLg nufgLdf sdL-j[l$_
2= l:y/ ;DklQdf sdL-j[l$_
3= bL#{sfnLg nufgLdf Aofh cfDbfgL
4= nfef+z cfDbfgL
5= cGo
-u_ ljQLo ;|f]t sf/f]af/af^ gub k|jfx
1= bL#{sfnLg C)F -j)*, l*j]Gr/ cflb_ df j[l$-sdL_
2= ;]o/ k'FhLdf j[l$-sdL_
3= cGo bfloTjdf j[l$-sdL_
4= g]kfn /fi^ a}+saf^ k|FKt ;x'lnotk'g/shf{df j[l$-sdL_
-#_ gub tyf a}s df}Hbftsf] ljlgdo b/df ePsf] km/saf^
cfDbfgLvr{
-_ o; jif{sf] ;Dk")f{ ultljlwaf^ gub k|jfx
-r_ gub tyf a}+sdf /x]sf] z'? df}Hbft
-%_ gub tyf a}+sdf /x]sf] clGtd df}Hbft

141
 =================== lnld^]*
;]o/ k'FhL tyf :jfldTj
- === === c;f/ d;fGt_ cg';"rL 4=1
ljj/)f o; jif{ = ut jif{ =
1= ;]o/ k'FhL
1=1 clws[t k'FhL
s_ ======= ;fwf/)f ;]o/ k|lt ;]o/ = ======= n]
v_ ====== gg\l/l*d]jn lk|km/]G; ;]o/ k|lt ;]o/ = ======= n]
u_ ======= l/l*d]jn lk|km/]G; ;]o/ k|lt ;]o/ = ====n]
1=2 hf/L k'FhL
s_ ======= ;fwf/)f ;]o/ k|lt ;]o/ ================= n]
v_ ======= gg\l/l*d]jn lk|km/]G; ;]o/ k|lt ;]o/ = ======= n]
u_ ======= l/l*d]jn lk|km/]G; ;]o/ k|lt ;]o/ =============n]
1=3 r'Qmf k'FhL
s_ ========= ;fwf/)f ;]o/ k|lt ;]o/ ======================== n]
v_ ========= gg\l/l*d]jn lk|km/]G; ;]o/ k|lt ;]o/ ========= n]
u_ ===========l/l*d]jn lk|km/]G; ;]o/ k|lt ;]o/ = ============n]
1=4 k|:tfljt af]g; ;]o/
1=5 sN; Og P*efG;
1=6 hDdf /sd -1=3+1=4+1=5_

;]o/ :jfldTj ljj/)f o; jif{ = ut jif{ =

k|ltzt ;]o/ k'FhL ;]o/ k'FhL k|ltzt
1= :jb]zL :jfldTj
1=1 g]kfn ;/sf/
1=2 s ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx
1=3 cGo Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx
1=4 cGo ;+:yfx
1=5 ;j{;fwf/)f
1=6 cGo
2= j}b]lzs :jfldTj
hDdf
gf]^Mdfly cg';"rLdf plNnlvt ljj/)f cGtu{t 0=5 k|ltzt jf ;f]eGbf a(L :jfldTj ePsf] JolQm;d'xkmd{sDkgL eP,
lghxsf] gfd, k|ltzt / /sd :ki^ v'nfpg' kg]{% . k|ltzt pNn]v ubf{ ;]o/ ;+Vofsf] cfwf/df u)fgf ug'{ kg]{% .

=================== lnld^]*
hu]*f tyf sf]ifx
- === === c;f/ d;fGt _ cg';"rL 4=2
ljj/)f o; jif{ = ut jif{ =
1= ;fwf/)fa}wflgs hu]*f sf]if
2= k'FhLut hu]*f sf]if
3= k'FhL lkmtf{ hu]*f sf]if -Capital Redemption Reserve)
4= k'FhL ;dfof]hg sf]if
5= cGo hu]*f tyf sf]if
5=1= e}k/L cfpg] hu]*f
5=2= ;+:yf ljsf; sf]if
5=3= nfef+z ;lds/)f sf]if
5=4= ljz]if hu]*f sf]if
5=5= ;DklQ k'gd"{Nofg sf]if
5=6= cGo :jtGq sf]if
5=7= cGo hu]*f sf]if
6= ;l~rt gfkmfgf]S;fg
7= ;^xL #^a( sf]if
8= hDdf

142
 cg';"rL 4=3
=================== lnld^]*
C)fkq tyf j)*
- === === c;f/ d;fGt _
ljj/)f o; jif{ = ut jif{ =
1 ====== k|ltzt jG*C)fkq k|lt jG*C)fkq ===== = n] ===
ldlt ============== df hf/L ePsf] / ldlt ========df r'Qmf x'g]
-xfn;Ddsf] Redemption Reserve /sd = =========================_
2 ====== k|ltzt jG*C)fkq k|lt jG*C)fkq ===== = n] ===
ldlt ============== df hf/L ePsf] / ldlt ========df r'Qmf x'g]
-xfn;Ddsf] Redemption Reserve /sd = =======================_+
3 ======= =========
4= hDdf 1+2+3
gf]^M ;'/If)f /fvL C)fkq tyf jG* hf/L ul/Psf] ePdf ;'/If)fsf] laj/)f v'nfpg' kg]{% .

cg';"rL 4=4
=================== lnld^]*
ltg{ afFsL shf{ -;fk^L_
- === === c;f/ d;fGt _
ljj/)f o; jif{ = ut jif{ =
s= :jb]zL
1= g]kfn ;/sf/
2= g]kfn /fi^ a}+s
3= l/kf] bfloTj
4= cGt/ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf
5= cGo ;+ul&t ;+:yfx
6= cGo
hDdf
v= ljb]zL
1= a}+sx
2= cGo
hDdf
u= hDdf -sv_

143
 cg';"rL 4=5
=================== lnld^]*
lgIf]k lx;fa
- === === c;f/ d;fGt _
ljj/)f o; jif{ = ut jif{ =
1= Aofh ltg'{ gkg]{ vftfx
s= rNtL lx;fa
1= :jb]zL d'b|fdf
1=1 g]kfn ;/sf/
1=2 s ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
1=3 cGo Ohfhtkqk|fKt ljQLo ;+:yfx
1=4 cGo ;+ul&t ;+:yfx
1=5 JolQmut
1=6 cGo
2= ljb]zL d'b|fdf
2=1 g]kfn ;/sf/
2=2 s ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
2=3 cGo Ohfhtkqk|fKt ljQLo ;+:yfx
2=4 cGo ;+ul&t ;+:yfx
2=5 JolQmut
2=6 cGo
v= dflh{g
1= sd{rf/L hdfgt
2= hdfgt dflh{g
3= k|lttkq dflh{g
u= cGo
1= :jb]zL d'b|fdf
1=1 ljQLo ;+:yfx
1=2 cGo ;+ul&t ;+:yfx
1=3 JolQmut
2= ljb]zL d"b|fdf
2=1 ljQLo ;+:yfx
2=2 cGo ;+ul&t ;+:yfx
2=3 JolQmut
Aofh ltg'{ gkg]{ vftfxsf] hDdf
2= Aofh ltg'{ kg]{ vftfx
s= art lx;fa
1= :jb]zL d'b|fdf
1=1 ;+# ;+:yfx
1=2 JolQmut
1=3 cGo
2= ljb]zL d'b|fdf
2=1 ;+# ;+:yfx
2=2 JolQmut
2=3 cGo
v= d'@lt lx;fa
1= :jb]zL d'b|fdf
1=1 ;+# ;+:yfx
1=2 JolQmut
1=3 cGo
2= ljb]zL d'b|fdf
2=1 ;+# ;+:yfx
2=2 JolQmut
2=3 cGo

144
u= dfu]sf] avt ltg'{ kg]{ lx;fa
1= :jb]zL d'b|fdf
1=1 s ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
1=2 cGo O=k|f=ljQLo ;+:yfx
1=3 cGo ;+ul&t ;+:yfx
1=4 JolQmut
1=5 cGo
2= ljb]zL d'b|fdf
2=1 s ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
2=2 cGo O=k|f= ljQLo ;+:yfx
2=3 cGo ;+ul&t ;+:yfx
2=4 JolQmut
2=5 cGo
#= ;l^{lkms]^ ckm l*kf]lh^
1= ;+ul&t ;+:yf
2= JolQmut
3= cGo
Aofh ltg'{ kg]{ vftfxsf] hDdf
-12_ hDdf lgIf]k

cg';"rL 4=6
=================== lnld^]*
e'QmfgL lbg'kg]{ lanx
- === === c;f/ d;fGt _
ljj/)f o; jif{ = ut jif{ =
1= :jb]zL d'b|f
2= ljb]zL d'b|f
hDdf

cg';"rL 4=7
=================== lnld^]*
cGo bfloTj
- === === c;f/ d;fGt _
ljj/)f o; jif{ = ut jif{ =
1= k]G;gpkbfg sf]if
2= sd{rf/L ;~ro sf]if
3= sd{rf/L sNof)f sf]if
4= sd{rf/L af]g; Joj:yf
5= lgIf]kdf e'QmfgL lbg afFsL Aofh
6= ;fk^Ldf e'QmfgL lbg afFsL Aofh
7= kfsL g;s]sf] l*:sfp)^ / sldzg
8= ;)*L q]ml*^;{
9= zfvf ldnfg lx;fj
10= :yug s/ bfloTj
11= e'QmfgL lbg afFsL nfef+z
12= cGo
hDdf

145
 cg';"rL 4=8
=================== lnld^]*
gub df}Hbft
- === === c;f/ d;fGt _
ljj/)f o; jif{ = ut jif{ =
1= :jb]zL d'b|f -l;Ssf ;d]t_
2= ljb]zL d'b|f
hDdf

cg';"rL 4=9
=================== lnld^]*
g]kfn /fi^ a}+sdf /x]sf] df}Hbft
- === === c;f/ d;fGt _
ljj/)f :jb]zL ljb]zL d'b|f =df s'n = ut jif{
d'b|f =
ef== kl/jTo{ lj=d'= hDdf
1= g]kfn /fi^ a}+s
s= rNtL vftf
v= cGo vftf

cg';"rL 4=10
=================== lnld^]*
a}+sljQLo ;+:yfdf /x]sf] df}Hbft
- === === c;f/ d;fGt _
ljj/)f :jb]zL ljb]zL d'b|f =df s'n = ut jif{ =
d'b|f ef== kl/jTo{ lj=d'= hDdf
1= :jb]zL Ohfhtkqk|fKt
;+:yfx?
s= rNtL vftf
v= cGo vftf
2= ljb]zL a}+sx
s= rNtL vftf
v= cGo vftf
hDdf
gf]^M ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? ;dy{g kq cg';f/sf] s'n df}Hbft = =================

cg';"rL 4=11
=================== lnld^]*
dfu tyf cNk;'rgfdf k|fKt x'g] /sdx
- === === c;f/ d;fGt _
ljj/)f o; jif{ = ut jif{ =
1= :jb]zL d'b|fdf
2= ljb]zL d'b|fdf
hDdf

146
 cg';"rL 4=12
=================== lnld^]*
nufgL
- === === c;f/ d;fGt _
k|of]hg o; jif{ = ut jif{ =
ljj/)f
Jofkfl/s cGo
! g]kfn ;/sf/sf] 6]h/L lan
@ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] art kq
# g]kfn ;/sf/sf] cGo C0fkq
$ g]kfn /fi6 a}s C0fkq
% ljb]zL C0fkq
^ :jb]zL Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf
& ljb]zL a}s
* ;+ul7t ;+:yfx?sf] ;]o/
( ;+ul7t ;+:yfx?sf] l8j]~r/ tyf aG8
!) cGo nufgL
s'n nufgL
Joj:yf
v'b nufgL

cg';"rL 4=12-s_

;]o/, l*j]Gr/ tyf j)*df nufgL

ahf/ Joj:y
k/n o; ut
d'No f
ljj/)f df]n jif{ jif{
cg";f/ /sd
= ?= ?=
?= ?=
1= ;]o/ nufgL
1=1 ====== sDkgL -k|f=ln=ln=_
====== ;fwf/)f ;]o/, k|lt ;]o/ ====== n] r"Qmf
1=2 ====== sDkgL -k|f=ln=ln=_
====== ;fwf/)f ;]o/ -dWo]===af]g; ;d]t_ k|lt ;]o/====n] r"Qmf
1=3 ====== sDkgL -k|f=ln=ln=_
====== k|ltzt ==== lk|km/]G; ;]o/ k|lt ;]o/ = ===== n] r"Qmf
2= l*j]Gr/ tyf j)* nufgL
2=1 ====== sDkgL -k|f=ln=ln=_
====== k|ltzt l*j]Gr/j)* k|lt l*j]Gr/a)* ===== = n] ===
2=2 =================
2=3 ==================
s'n nufgL
3= hf]lvd ;DaGwL Joj:yf
3=1 ut jif{ ;Ddsf] Joj:yf
3=2 o; jif{sf] yk#^
s'n Joj:yf
v'b nufgL
gf]^M 3 jif{ eGbfa(L ;dob]lv nfef+z #f]if)ff tyf ljt/)f gu/]sf sDkgLx ePdf To:tf sDkgLxsf] gfd v'nfpg'
kg]{% .

147
 cg';"rL $=!@=!
=================== lnld6]8
Jofkfl/s nufgL -Held for Trading_
- === ===== d;fGt_
o; jif{
xfnsf] ut jif{
kl5Nnf] gfkmf
k/n ahf/ gfkmf s}lkmo
ljj/0f ahf/ d'No -gf]S;fg_
d"No d'No - -gf]S;fg_ t
-s_ /sd
v_ /sd
-vs_
!= g]kfn ;/sf/sf] 6]h/L lan
@= g]kfn ;/sf/sf] artkq
#= g]kfn ;/sf/sf] cGo C0fkq
$= g]=/f= a}s C0fkq
%= ljb]zL C0fkq
^= :jb]zL Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;]o/
&= :jb]zL Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] l8j]~r/ tyf aG8
*= :jb]zL ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] ;]o/, l8j]~r/ tyf aG8
(= ljb]zL a}s nufgL -Placement_
!)= Interbank Lending
!!=cGo nufgL
s'n nufgL

cg';"rL $=!@=@
=================== lnld6]8
e'QmfgL ldlt;Dd wf/0f ug]{ nufgL -Held to Maturity_
- === === === d;fGt_
o; jif{ ut jif{
k/n xfn;Ddsf] o;jif{sf] gfkmf gfkmf
ljj/0f d'No Iflt /sd Iflt /sd -gf]S;fg_ -gf]S;fg_ s}lkmot
-s_ -v_ -u_ /sd /sd
-svu_
!= g]kfn ;/sf/sf] 6]h/L lan
@= g]kfn ;/sf/sf] artkq
#= g]kfn ;/sf/sf] cGo C0fkq
$= g]=/f= a}s C0fkq
%= ljb]zL C0fkq
^= :jb]zL Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;]o/
&= :jb]zL Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf]
l8j]~r/ tyf aG8
*= :jb]zL ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] ;]o/,
l8j]~r/ tyf aG8
(= ljb]zL a}s nufgL -Placement_
!)= cGo nufgL
s'n nufgL

148
 cg';"rL $=!@=#
=================== lnld6]8
laqmLsf] nflu pknAw nufgL -Available for Sale_
- === === === d;fGt_
kl5Nnf] xfnsf] o; jif{ ut jif{
k/n
ljj/0f
d"No
ahf/ d'No ahf/ sf]if ;dfof]hg gfkmf s}lkmot
-s_ d'No -v_ /sd -vs_ -gf] S ;fg_ /sd
!= g]kfn ;/sf/sf] 6]h/L lan
@= g]kfn ;/sf/sf] artkq
#= g]kfn ;/sf/sf] cGo C0fkq
$= g]=/f= a}s C0fkq
%= ljb]zL C0fkq
^= :jb]zL Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;]o/
&= :jb]zL Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] l8j]~r/ tyf aG8
*= :jb]zL ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] ;]o/, l8j]~r/ tyf aG8
(= ljb]zL a}s nufgL -Placement_
!)= cGo nufgL
s'n nufgL

cg';"rL 4=13
=================== lnld^]*
shf{ ;fk^ tyf lan vl/b juL{s/)f / ;f]sf] nflu Joj:yf
- === === c;f/ d;fGt _
shf{ vl/b tyf l*isfpG^ o; jif{ utjif{
ljj/)f ul/Psf lan = =
:jb]zL
ljkGg ju{ cGo ljb]zL hDdf :jb]zL ljb]zL hDdf
ljldt cljldt
1= ;lqmo shf{ ;fk^ (Performing Loan)
!=! c;n
!=@ ;'Id lgu/fgL
2= lgliqmo shf{ ;fk^
(Non Performing Loan)
@=! k'g/;+/rgf k'g/tflnsLs/0f
2=2 sd;n
2=3 z+sf:kb
2=4 v/fa
-s_ s'n shf{
3= shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
3=1 c;n
3=2 ;'Id lgu/fgL
3=2 k'g/;+/rgfk'g/tflnsLs/0f
3=3 sd;n
3=4 z+sf:kb
3=5 v/fj
-v_ s'n Joj:yf
4= ut jif{;Ddsf] Joj:yf
4=1 c;n
4=2 ;'Id lgu/fgL
4=2 k'g/;+/rgf k'g/tflnsLs/0f
4=3 sd;n
4=4 z+sf:kb
4=5 v/fj
-u_ ut jif{;Ddsf] s'n Joj:yf
-#_ ut jif{sf] Joj:yfaf^ lkmtf{

149
-*=_ o; jif{sf] yk Joj:yf
o; jif{sf] v'b yk#^
v'b shf{ -sv_

cg';"rL 4=13-s_

=================== lnld^]*
shf{, ;fk^ / laN; vl/bsf] ;'/If)f
- === === c;f/ d;fGt_
ljj/)f o; jif{ = ut jif{ =
-s_ ;'/lIft
1= rncrn ;DklQsf] ;'/If)fdf
2= :jb]zL Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] hdfgtdf
3= ;/sf/L hdfgtdf
4= cGt/f{li^o >])fLs[t a}+ssf] hdfgtdf
5= lgof{t sfuhft (Export Document) sf] ;'/If)fdf
6= d'@lt /l;bsf] ;'/If)fdf
-s_ ;+:Yffsf] cfkm\g} d'@lt /l;bsf] ;'/If)f
-v_ cGo Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] d'@lt /l;bsf] ;'/If)f
7= ;/sf/L C)fkqsf] ;'/If)fdf
8= sfp)^/ hdfgtdf
9= JolQmut hdfgtdf
10= cGo ;'/If)fdf
-v_ c;'/lIft
hDdf

cg;"rL 4=14

=================== lnld^]*
l:y/ ;DklQ
- === === c;f/ d;fGt _
;DklQ
o; jif{ ut jif{
ljj/)f sfof{no
ejg kl/jxg ;fwg d]lzg/L cGo = =
;fdfg
1= k/ndf]n
-s_ ut jif{sf] df}Hbft
-v_ o; jif{ yk
-u_ o; jif{ k'gd'{Nofgk'gn]{vg
-#_ o; jif{sf] laqmL
-_ o; jif{sf] ckn]vg
s'n -svu#_ k/ndf]n
2= x|f; sL
-s_ ut jif{;Ddsf]
-v_ o; jif{sf]
-u_ x|f;sL k'gd"{Nofgk'gn]{vg
-u_ x|f;sL /sd ;dfof]hglkmtf{
s'n x|f;sL
3= a's Eofn" (WDV*) -1 2_
4= hUuf
5= k'FhLut lgdf{0f -k'FhLs/0f ul/g' kg]{_
6= nLh xf]N* ;DklQ
hDdf -3456_
*Written Down Value

150
 cg;"rL 4=15

=================== lnld^]*
u}/ a}+ls ;DklQ
- === === c;f/ d;fGt _
C[0fL jf kf6L{sf] u}/ a}+ls ;DklQ s'n u}/ a}+ls gf]S;fgL Joj:yf v'b u}/ j}+lsu ut jif{ =
gfd 7]ufgf ;sf/ u/]sf] ldlt ;DklQ /sd ?= ;DklQ =
k|ltzt /sd ?=

s'n hDdf

cg;"rL 4=16

=======================lnld^]*
cGo ;DklQ
- === === c;f/ d;fGt _
laa/)F o; jif{ = ut jif{ =
1= d;nGb df}Hbft
2= nufgLdf c;"n ug{ afFsL cfDbfgL
3= shf{df c;"n ug{ afFsL Aofh
Go'gM Aofh d"NtjL /sd
4= c;"n ug{ afFsL sldzg
5= ;G*L *]^;{
6= sd{rf/L ;fk^L / k]ZsL
7= clu|d e"QmfgL
8= dfu{:y gub
9= dfu{:y cGo -r]s ;d]t_
10= lagf ;'rgf *fk\m^sf] e"QmfgL
11= ckn]vg x"g afFsL vr{
12= zfvf ldnfg lx;fj
13= :yug s/ ;DklQ
14= cGo
hDdf

cg';"rL 4=16-s_

=======================lnld^]*
cGo ;DklQ -yk ljj/)f_
- === === c;f/ d;fGt _
ljj/)f o; jif{ = ut jif{
1 1 jif{b]lv dfly 3 jif{eGbf hDdf =
jif{;Dd 3 jif{;Dd dfly
1= shf{df c;'n ug{ afFsL Aofh
2= lagf ;'rgf *fkm\^sf] e'QmfgL
3= zfvf ldnfg lx;fj
4= :jb]zL ljbzL Ph]G;L lx;fa

151
 cg';"rL 4=17

=======================lnld^]*
;Defljt bfloTjx
- === === c;f/ d;fGt _
ljj/)f o; jif{ = ut jif{ =
1= ;+:yf pk/ bfjL k/]sf] t/ ;+:yfn] bfloTj :jLsf/ gu/]sf]
2= k|lttkqx -dflh{g g#^fO{ k'/f /sd_
-s_ 6 dlxgf eGbf sd cjlwsf]
-v_ 6 dlxgf eGbf a(L cjlwsf]
3= k'gM l*:sfpG^ ul/Psf lanx
4= Dofb gfl# g;s]sf] Uof/]G^LaG*
-s_ la* aG*
-v_ k/km/d]G; aG*
-u_ cGo Uof/])^LaG*
5= r'Qmf jf e'Qmfg x'g afFsL ;]o/ nufgL
6= km/jf*{ PS:r]~h sG^fS^sf] afFsL bfloTjx
7= sn]S;gdf /x]sf lanx
8= d~h'/L tyf ;dy{g (Acceptence & Endorsement)
9= k|Tofe'lt k|ltj$tf (Underwriting Commitment)
10= ckl/jTo{ shf{ k|ltj$tf (Irrevocable Loan Commitment)
11= cGt/f{li^o >])fLs[t a}+ssf] sfp)^/ Uof/])^Ldf lbPsf] Uof/])^L
12= clu|d e'QmfgL Uof/])^L (Advance Payment Guarantee)
13= shf{ k|jfxsf] nflu ljQLo hdfgt (Financial Guarantee)
14= cfos/ jfkt ;Defljt bfloTj (Contingent Liabilities on Income Tax)
15= =======================

cg';"rL 4=18

=======================lnld^]*
Aofh cfDbfgL
ldlt ==============b]lv =================;Dd
ljj/)f o; jif{ = ut jif{ =
s= shf{ ;fk^ / clwljsif{df
1= shf{ ;fk^
2= clwljsif{
v= nufgLdf
1= g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;'/If)fkq
-s_ ^]h/L laN;
-v_ ljsf; C)fkq
-u_ /fli^o art kq
2= ljb]zL C)fkq
-s_
-v_
3= g]kfn /fi^ a}+ssf] C)fkq
4= l*j]~r/ tyf aG*
5= cGt/ a}+s nufgLdf Aofh
-s_ a}+sljQLo ;+:yfx
-v_ cGo ;+:yfx
u= Ph]G;L df}Hbftdf
1= :jb]zL a}+sljQLo ;+:yfx
2= ljb]zL a}+sx
#= dfu tyf cNk ;'rgfdf k|fKt x'g] df}Hbftdf
1= :jb]zL a}+sljQLo ;+:yfx
2= ljb]zL a}+sx
= cGodf
1= ;l^{lkms]^ ckm l*kf]lh^

152
 2= cGt/ a}+sljQLo ;+:yf shf{
3= cGo
hDdf

cg';"rL 4=19

=======================lnld^]*
Aofh vr{
ldlt==============b]lv=========== ;Dd
ljj/)f o; jif{ = ut jif{ =
s= lgIf]k bfloTjdf
1= d'@lt lgIf]k
1=1 :jb]zL d"b|f
1=2 ljb]zL d'b|f
2= art lgIf]k
2=1 :jb]zL d"b|f
2=2 ljb]zL d'b|f
3= dfu]sf] avt ltg'{kg]{ lgIf]k
3=1 :jb]zL d'b|f
3=2 ljb]zL d'b|f
4= ;l^{lkms]^ ckm l*kf]lh^\;\
v= shf{ ;fk^df
1= C)fkq tyf a)*
2= g]kfn /fi^ a}+saf^ k|fKt shf{
3= cGt/ a}+sljQLo ;+:yf shf{
4= cGo ;+ul&t ;+:yf
5= cGo shf{
u= cGodf
1= =============
2= ==============
hDdf

cg';"rL 4=20
==================lnld^]*
sldzg tyf l*:sfpG^
ldlt =============b]lv ============= ;Dd
ljj/)f o; jif{ = ut jif{ =
s= laN; vl/b tyf l*:sfpG^
1= :jb]zL
2= ljb]zL
v= sldzg
1= k|lttkq
2= hdfgtkq
3= sn]S;g kmL
4= /]ld^]G; kmL
5= q]ml*^ sf*{
6= ;]o/ k|Tofe'ltlgisfzg
7= ;/sf/L sf/f]af/ jfkt
8= O=k|f= sldzg jfkt
9= af cfDbfgL
u= cGo
hDdf

153
 cg';"rL 4=21

========================lnld^]*
cGo ;~rfng cfDbfgL
ldlt =============b]lv ============= ;Dd
ljj/)f o; jif{ = ut jif{ =
1= ;]km l*kf]lh^ eN^sf] ef*f
2= q]ml*^sf*{ lgisfzg tyf gjLs/)f
3= ATM sf*{ lgisfzg tyf gjLs/)f
4= ^]n]S;l^=l^=
5= ;]jf z'Ns
6= gjLs/)f z'Ns
7= cGo
hDdf

cg';"rL 4=22

==========================lnld^]*
;^xL #^a( cfDbfgLgf]S;fg
ldlt =============b]lv ============= ;Dd
ljj/)f o; jif{ = ut jif{ =
-s_ ljlgdo b/df ePsf] km/saf^
-v_ ljb]zL d'b|f sf/f]af/af^ -af afx]s_
hDdf cfDbfgL-gf]S;fg_

cg';"rL 4=23

=======================lnld^]*
sd{rf/L vr{
ldlt =============b]lv ============= ;Dd
ljj/)f o; jif{ = ut jif{ =
1= tnj
2= eQf
3= ;~rosf]ifdf yk
4= tflnd vr{
5= kf]zfs
6= cf}ifwf]krf/
7= aLdf
8= k]G;g tyf pkbfg Joj:yf
9= cGo
hDdf

154
 cg';"rL 4=24

=======================lnld^]*
cGo ;~rfng vr{
ldlt =============b]lv ============= ;Dd
ljj/)f o; jif{ = ut jif{ =
1= #/ef*f
2= aQL ljh'nL / kfgL
3= dd{t tyf ;Def/
-s_ ejg =============
-v_ ;jf/L ;fwg =============
-u_ cGo ==============
4= aLdf
5= kf]i^]h, ^]n]S;, ^]lnkmf]g, k\mofS;
6= sfof{no pks/)f kmlg{r/ / ;Def/
7= e|d)f eQf / vr{
8= d;nGb / %kfO{
9= kqklqsf tyf k':ts
10= lj!fkg
11= sfg'gL vr{
12= rGbf
13= ;~rfns ;ldlt ;DaGwL vr{
-s_ a}&s eQf =============
-v_ cGo vr{ ==============
14= ;fwf/)f ;ef ;DaGwL vr{
15= n]vf k/LIf)f ;DaGwL
-s_ n]vf k/LIf)f z'Ns ===============
-v_ cGo vr{ ===============
16= /sd :yfgfGt/)f sldzg
17= l:y/ ;DklQdf x|f; sL
18= k'j{ ;~rfng vr{ ckn]vg
19= ;]o/ lgisfzg vr{
20= k|fljlws ;]jf zf]wegf{
21= dgf]/~hg vr{
22= ckn]vg vr{
23= ;'/Iff vr{
24= shf{ ;'/If)f lk|ldod
25= sldzg / l*:sfp)^
26= cGo =====================
hDdf
gf]^M vr{x hgfp+bf h'g k|of]hgsf] nflu vr{ ePsf] xf] ;f]xL zLif{sdf vr{ hgfpg' k%{ . cGo
;fdfGo zLif{sdf ufEg kfOg] %}g . h:tf] ;~rfns ;ldltsf] a}&ssf] l;nl;nfdf ePsf] oftfoft vr{,
;~rfns ;ldlt ;DaGwL vr{ cGtu{t cGo vr{ df hgfpg' kg]{% .

155
 cg';"rL 4=25

======================lnld^]*
;Defljt gf]S;fgL Aoa:yf
ldlt =============b]lv ============= ;Dd
ljj/)f o; jif{ = ut jif{ =
1= shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yfdf ePsf] a[l$
2= nufgL gf]S;fgL Joj:yfdf ePsf] a[l$
3= u}/ a}+ls ;DklQ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
4= cGo ;DklQdf ul/Psf] Joj:yf
hDdf

cg';"rL 4=26

======================lnld^]*
u}/ ;~rfng cfDbfgLgf]S;fg
ldlt =============b]lv ============= ;Dd
ljj/)f o; jif{ = ut jif{ =
1= nufgL laqmLaf^ cfDbfgL-gf]S;fg_
2= ;DklQ laqmLaf^ cfDbfgL-gf]S;fg_
3= nfef+z
4= g]kfn /fi^ a}+saf^ k|fKt ;x'lnot
s= tf]lsPsf] zfvfxsf] gf]S;fg jfkt Ifltk"lt{
v= Aofh Ifltk"lt{
u= ;^xL sfpG^/
5= cGo
v'b u}/ ;~rfng cfDbfgL-gf]S;fg_

cg';"rL 4=27

======================lnld^]*
;Defljt gf]S;fgL Joj:yfaf^ lkmtf{
-cfly{s jif{ =============_
ljj/)f o; jif{ = ut jif{ =
1= shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yfdf af^ lkmtf{
2= u}/ a}+ls ;DklQ gf]S;fgL Joj:yfaf^ lkmtf{
3= nufgL Joj:yfjf^ lkmtf{
4= cGo ;DklQsf] Joj:yfjf^ lkmtf{

hDdf

cg';"rL 4=28

======================lnld^]*
c;fdfGo sf/f]af/x?af6 ePsf] cfDbfgL/vr{
ldlt =============b]lv ============= ;Dd
ljj/)f o; jif{ = ut jif{ =
1= ckn]vg ePsf] shf{sf] c;'nL
2= :j]lR%s cjsfz vr{
3= c;'nL x'g g;Sg] shf{sf] ckn]vg -4=28 s_
4= cGo vr{cfDbfgL
5= =================
hDdf

156
 cg';"rL 4=28-s_

======================lnld^]*
ckn]lvt shf{sf] ljj/0f
-cfly{s jif{ =================_
ckn]vg lwtf]sf] lwtf] shf{ :jLs[t shf{ c;'nLsf s}lkmot
qm=;+= ul/Psf] k|sf/ d'Nofgsf] ug{] nflu eP
shf{ k|sf/ /sd tyf /sd cfwf/ clwsf/Ltx u/]sf k|of;
1= rfn' k+'hL shf{
2 kl/of]hgf shf{
3= l:y/ k'FhL shf{
4= JolQmut shf{
5= cGo shf{
s'n shf{
gf]^M cfly{s jif{e/Ldf ckn]vg ul/Psf] shf{sf] ljj/)f dfly pNn]v ug'{ kg]{% .

cg';"rL 4=29

========================lnld^]*
;~rfns, sfo{sf/L k|d'v, ;+:yfks, sd{rf/L] ;]o/xf]N8/x?nfO{ uPsf] shf{ ;fk6 ljj/0f
- ====================== c;f/ d;fGt_

vl/b tyf l*:sfpG^ ul/Psf lanx / shf{, ;fk^ tyf clwljsif{df k|jflxt s'n /sddWo] ;~rfns,
sfo{sf/L k|d'v, ;+:yfks, sd{rf/L, ;]o/ xf]N*/x? / lghxsf] kl/jf/sf ;b:o jf To:tf JolQm hdfgL
a;]sf] jf Dofg]lh Ph]G^ ePsf] s'g} ;+:yf jf sDkgLnfO{ uPsf] /sdsf] ljj/)f b]xfo adf]lhd % .

;+:yfks;~rfnssfo{sf/L ut jif{;Ddsf] o; jif{ c;'nL o;jif{ c;f/ d;fGt;Dd

afFsL yk shf{ afFsL
k|d'vsf] gfd ;fjf+ Aofh ;fjf+ Aofh ;fjf+ Aofh
-s_ ;~rfns
1=
2=
-v_ sfo{sf/L k|d'v
1=
2=
-u_ ;+:yfks
1=
2=
-#_ sd{rf/L
1=
2=
-_ ;]o/wgLx?
1=
2=
hDdf

157
 cg';"rL 4=30

=======================lnld6]8
k'FhLsf]if tflnsf -v / u ju{sf] nflu_
-======================= c;f/ d;fGt_
-?=xhf/df_
ljj/0f o; jif{ ut jif{
-s_ k|fylds k'FhL
!_ r'Qmf k'FhL -;fwf/0f ;]o/_
@_ k|:tfljt af]g; ;]o/
#_ ;]o/ lk|ldod
$_ lkmtf{ gx'g] cu|flwsf/ ;]o/
%_ ;fwf/0f hu]8f sf]if
^_ ;l~rt gfkmf-gf]S;fg_
&_ jf;nftdf b]vfO{Psf] rfn' cf=j=sf] gfkmfgf]S;fg lx;fjsf] /sd
*_ k'FhL lkmtf{ hu]8f sf]if
(_ k'FhL ;dfof]hg sf]if
!)_ sN; Og P8efG;
!!_ cGo :jtGq sf]ifx?
36fpg]M
Voflt (Goodwill) jfktsf] /sd
:yug s/ ;DklQ -Deferred Tax Assets_
;LdfeGbf a9L ;]o/, ;'/If0fkqdf nufgL ul/Psf] /sd
ljQLo :jfy{ /x]sf] sDkgLsf] lwtf]kqdf nufgL u/]sf] /sd
cjf:tljs ;DklQ
o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zg kfngf gu/L :jk|of]hgsf nflu 3/hUuf vl/b u/]sf]
/sd
;LdfeGbf a9L cfjf; ejg lgdf{0f tyf hUuf ljsf;df nufgL u/]sf] /sd
.
tf]lsPsf] ;doleq laqmL ljt/0f ug{ g;s]sf] ;]o/ k|Tofe"lt .
k|rlnt P]g tyf sfg'gn] k|ltaGw u/]sf JolQm tyf ;d'xx?nfO{ k|bfg
u/]sf]]
shf{ tyf ;'ljwfx?
-v_ k'/s k'FhL
!_ c;n shf{sf] nflu u/]sf] shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
@_ cltl/Qm shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
#_ xfOla|8 k'FhL pks/0fx?
$_ ;'/If0f g/fv]sf] ;xfos cfjlws C0f
%_ ;6xL ;dLs/0f sf]if
^_ ;DklQ k"gd"{Nofg sf]if
&_ nufgL ;dfof]hg sf]if
-u_ hDdf k'FhLsf]if -sv_
-3_ hf]lvd efl/t ;DklQsf] cfwf/df sfod ug'{ kg]{ Go'gtd k'FhLsf]if
k'FhLsf]if - ================= k|ltzt_
k|fylds k'FhL -=================== k|ltzt_
k'FhLsf]if -clwsGo'g_ - ================= k|ltztn]_
k|fylds k'FhL -clwsGo'g_ - ================= k|ltztn]_

158
 cg';"rL $=#) -s_
===========================lnld6]8
hf]lvd efl/t ;DklQ ljj/0f tflnsf -v / u ju{sf] nflu_
- ====================== c;f/ d;fGt_

o; jif{ ut jif{
laa/0f ef/ hf]lvd hf]lvd
/sd efl/t /sd efl/t
;DklQ ;DklQ
-s_ jf;nft adf]lhdsf] ;DklQ (On-Balance-sheet Assets)
gub df}Hbft 0

;'g -ljlgdo of]Uo_ 0

g]kfn /fi6 a}+sdf /x]sf] df}Hbft 0

g]kfn ;/sf/sf] C0fkqdf u/]sf]] nufgL 0

g]kfn /fi6 a}+s C0fkqdf u/]sf]] nufgL 0

cfg} d'2lt /l;bsf] lwtf]df k"0f{ ;'/lIft x'g]u/L k|bfg u/]sf]] d'2lt /l;b lwtf] shf{ 0

;/sf/L C0f kqsf] lwtf]df k"0f{ ;'/lIft x'g] u/L k|bfg u/]sf]] shf{ 0

art kqsf] kfpg' kg]{ Aofh /sd (Accrued Interest) 0

ljkGg ju{ shf{ cGtu{t u0fgf x'g] o'jf tyf ;fgf Joj;foL :j/f]huf/
sf]ifdf v / u ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] hDdf u/]sf] /sd 0

:jb]zL a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?df /x]sf] df}Hbftd'2lt /l;bsf] bfjL (Claims) 20

cGo a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] d'2lt /l;bsf] lwtf]df k"0f{ ;'/lIft x'g] u/L 20
k|bfg u/]sf]] d'2lt /l;b lwtf] shf{
ljb]zL a}+sx?df /x]sf] df}Hbft 20

dfu]sf] avt k|fKt x'g] /sd (Money at Call) 20

cGt/f{li6o >]0fLs[t (Rated) Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] Uof/]06Ldf uPsf] shf{ 20

cGt/f{li6o >]0fLs[t (Rated) a}+sdf u/]sf] cGo nufgL 20

cGt/ a}+s ;fk6L 20

;]o/, l8j]~r/ Pjd\ aG8df ePsf] nufgL 100

cGo nufgLx? 100

shf{, ;fk6 tyf laN; vl/bl8:sfp06 ;d]t -s'n /sd_ 100

l:y/ ;DklQx? 100

Kffpg' kg]{ cGo v'b Aofh /sd 100

cGo ;a} ;DklQx? -v'b cu|Ld s/ bflvnf afx]s_ 100

;Ldf gf3]sf] l/on :6]6cfjf;Lo 3/ shf{ 150

-s_ hDdf
-v_ jf;nft aflx/sf sf/f]af/x? (Off-balance sheet Items)
laN; sn]S;g )
clu|d ljb]zL ljlgdo ;Demf}tf !)
^ dlxgfeGbf sd cjlwsf] k|lttkq -k'/} /sd_ @)

159
 cGt/f{li6o >]0fLs[t (Rated) ljb]zL Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] sfp06/ @)
Uof/]06Ldf hf/L u/]sf]] Uof/]06L
^ dlxgfeGbf a9L cjlwsf] k|lttkq -k'/} /sd_ %)
lj8aG8, k/km/d]G; aG8 / k|Tofe"lt (Underwriting) ;DaGwL k|ltj4tf %)
k'gM vl/b ug]{ zt{df laqmL u/]sf]] shf{ %)
clu|d e'QmfgL Uof/]06L (Advance payment Guarantee) !))
ljQLo tyf cGo hdfgt (Financial and other Guarantee) !))
ckl/jTo{ shf{ k|lta4tf (Irrevocable Loan Commitment) !))
cfos/ jfkt ;Defljt bfloTj !))
Acceptance ;lxt cGo ;a} k|sf/sf ;Defljt bfloTjx? !))
k"gM l8:sfpG6 ul/Psf lanx !))
r'Qmf jf e'Qmfg x'g afFsL ;]o/ nufgL !))
e'QmfgLsf nflu bfjL k/]sf] hdfgt (Unpaid Guarantee Claims) @))
;+:yfpk/ bfjL k/]sf] t/ ;+:yfn] bfloTj :jLsf/ gu/]sf] ;Defljt bfloTjx? @))
-v_ hDdf
;~rfng hf]lvd jfkt sfod ug'{kg]{ /sd -u_ !))
s'n hf]lvd efl/t ;DklQ hDdf -s_ + -v_ -u_

cg';"rL $=#) -s!_

================================lnld6]8
k'FhLsf]if tflnsf -s ju{sf] nflu_
===================c;f/
/sd ? xhf/df
ljj/0f @)= cfiff9d;fGt ut cf= a=
!=! hf]lvd efl/t ;DklQ
s= shf{ hf]lvd
v= ;~rfng hf]lvd
u= ahf/ hf]lvd
Pillar II cGtu{tsf] ;dfof]hg
hf]8M ^=$ -s_ -!)_ cg';f/ kof{Kt ;'rgf k|jfx gu/] afkt hf]lvd efl/t ;DklQsf] # k|ltzt
hf]8M ckof{Kt t/n ;DklQ afkt s'n lgIf]ksf] =====k|ltzt
s'n h.f]lvd efl/t ;DklQ -Pillar II cGtu{tsf] ;dfof]hg kl5_
!=@ k'FhL sf]if
k|fylds k'FhL (Tier I)
s= r'Qmf k'FhL
v= Ol/l8d]jn gg\ So'Do'n]l6e lk|km/]G; ;]o/
u= ;]o/ lk|ldod
3= k|:tfljt af]g; ;]o/
= ;fwf/0f hu]8f sf]if
r= ;l~rt gfkmf-gf]S;fg_ ut cf=j= ;Ddsf]
5= rfn' cf=j=sf] gfkmf-gf]S;fg_
h= k'FhL lkmtf{ ;dfof]hg sf]if
dm= k'FhL ;dfof]hg sf]if
`= nfef+z ;dLs/0f sf]if
6= C0fkq e'QmfgL sf]if
8= cGo :jtGq sf]ifx?
36fpg] M
s= Voflt jfktsf] /sd

v= :yug s/ ;DklQ
160
 u= ckn]vg gul/Psf ljljw ;DklQ
3= Ohfht k|fKt ;+:yfdf ul/Psf] ;]o/ nufgL
= ljQLo :jfy{ /x]sf] sDkgLdf /x]sf] nufgL
r= ;LdfeGbf a9L nufgL
5= k|Tofe"lt (Underwriting) cGtu{t ul/Psf] nufgL
h= kf/:kl/s qm; xf]lN8+u
em= k|of]udf gcfPsf] tyf ;Ldf eGbf al9 vl/b u/]sf] 3/ hUuf
`= cGo
Pillar II cGtu{tsf] ;dfof]hg
36fpg]M ^=$ -s_ -!_ cg';f/ ckof{Kt Joj:yf
36fpg]M ^=$ -s_ -@_ cGtu{t ;DalGwt kIfnfO{ tyf lgif]lwt If]qdf k|jflxt shf{ ;'ljwf
k'/s k'FhL (Tier II)
s= So''Do'n]l6e / l/l8d]jn lk|km/]G; ;]o/
v= ;'/If0f g/flvPsf] ;xfos cfjlws C0f
u= xfOla|8 k'FhL pks/0fx?
3= c;n shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
= ;6xL ;dLs/0f sf]if
r= nufgL ;dfof]hg sf]if
5= ;DklQ k"gd"{Nofg sf]if
h= cGo sf]if
!=# k'FhLsf]if cg'kft
k|fylds k'FhLs'n hf]lvd efl/t ;DklQ (Tier I)
k'FhL sf]ifs'"n hf]lvd efl/t ;DklQ (Tier I & Tier II)

161
 cg';"rL 4=30 -v_

============================================================lnld^]*
=================c;f/sf]
shf{ hf]lvd -s ju{sf] nflu_
/sd ? xhf/df

u)fgf ug{
;lsg]
CRM %
= - = X
-
gub df}Hbft 0
g]kfn /fi^ a}sdf /x]sf] df}Hbft 0
;"g 0
g]kfn ;/sf/sf] C)fkqdf nufgL 0
g]kfn ;/sf/ pk/sf] ;Dk')f{ bfjL 0
g]kfn /fi^ a}+s C)fkqdf ul/Psf] nufgL 0
g]kfn /fi^ a}+s pk/sf] ;Dk')f{ bfjL 0
ljb]zL ;/sf/ tyf s]Gb|Lo a}+s pk/sf] bfjL (ECA rating 0-1) 0
ljb]zL ;/sf/ tyf s]Gb|Lo a}+s pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating -2) 20
ljb]zL ;/sf/ tyf s]Gb|Lo a}+s pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating -3) 50
ljb]zL ;/sf/ tyf s]Gb|Lo a}+s pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating 4-6) 100
ljb]zL ;/sf/ tyf s]Gb|Lo a}+s pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating-7) 150
BIS, IMF, ECB, EC / ax"kILfo ljsf; a}+sx? pk/sf] bfjL 0
cGo ax"klIfo ljsf; a}+sx? pk/sf] bfjL 100
;fj{hlgs ;+:yf pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating 0-1) 20
;fj{hlgs ;+:yf pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating -2) 50
;fj{hlgs ;+:yf pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating 3-6) 100
;fj{hlgs ;+:yf pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating -7) 150
tf]lsPsf] k"hLsf]if sfod ug]{ :jb]zL a}+s pk/sf] bfjL 20
tf]lsPsf] k"hLsf]if sfod gug]{ :jb]zL a}+s pk/sf] bfjL 100
ljb]zL a}+s pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating 0-1) 20
ljb]zL a}+s pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating -2) 50
ljb]zL a}+s pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating 3-6) 100
ljb]zL a}+s pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating -7) 150
tf]lsPsf] k'FhLsf]ifdf 1 k|ltzt eGbf a(Ln]
k"hLsf]if sfod ug]{ SAARC If]qleq :yfkgf ePsf ljb]zL 20
a}+s pk/sf] bfjL
:jb]zL ;+# ;+:yfx? pk/sf] bfjL 100
ljb]zL ;+# ;+:yfx? pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating 0-1) 20
ljb]zL ;+# ;+:yfx? pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating -2) 50
ljb]zL ;+# ;+:yfx? pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating 3-6) 100
ljb]zL ;+# ;+:yfx? pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating -7) 150
pkef]Uo tyf ;fgf shf{ -Regulatory Retail Portfolio)
75
-efvf ggf#]sf]]_
u|fg'nfl/^L ;Ldf afx]s cGo zt{ kfngf u/]sf] pkef]Uo tyf
100
;fgf shf{ -Regulatory Retail Portfolio except for Granularity)
cfjfl;o #/hUufaf^ ;"/lIft bfjL 60
cfjf;Lo #/hUufaf^ k')f{ ;"/lIft gePsf] bfjL 150
cfjf;Lo #/hUufaf^ ;"/lIft bfjL -efvf gf#]sf]]_ 100
Jofkfl/s #/hUufaf^ ;"/lIft bfjL 100
e"QmfgL cjlw ;dfKt eO{;s]sf] bfjL -cfjf;Lo #/hUufaf^
150
;"/lIft bfjL afx]s_
pRr hf]lvdo"Qm bfjL 150

162
:^s PS;r]Ghdf ;'rLs[t sDkgLsf] ;]o/ / cGo k'hLut
100
pks/)fdf ePsf] nufgL
:^s PS;r]Ghdf ;'rLs[t gePsf] sDkgLsf] ;]o/ / cGo
150
k"hLut pks/)fdf ePsf] nufgL
cfjfl;o #/hUufaf^ ;"/lIft sd{rf/L shf{ 60
k|fKt x"g"kg]{ Aofhg]kfn ;/sf/sf] lwtf]kqdf bfjL 0
dfu{:y gub tyf e"QmfgL k|fKt x"g] qmddf /x]sf] cGo gub
20
;DklQ
cGo ;DklQ 100

h"g;"s} a]nf lkmtf{ lng ;lsg] k|lta$tf 0

laN; sn]S;g 0
clu|d ljlgdo ;Demf}tf 10
6 dlxgfeGbf sd cjlwsf] k|lttkq :jb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf 20
ljb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf (counter party) (ECA 0-1) 20
ljb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf (counter party) (ECA -2) 50
ljb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf (counter party) (ECA 3-6) 100
ljb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf (counter party) (ECA -7) 150
6 dlxgfeGbf a(L cjlwsf] k|lttkq :jb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf 50
ljb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf (counter party) (ECA 0-1) 20
ljb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf (counter party) (ECA -2) 50
ljb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf (counter party) (ECA 3-6) 100
ljb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf (counter party) (ECA -7) 150
lj* j)*, k/km/d]G; j)*, sfp)^/ Uof/])^L :jb]zL sf/f]af/
50
kIf
ljb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf (counter party) (ECA 0-1) 20
ljb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf (counter party) (ECA -2) 50
ljb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf (counter party) (ECA 3-6) 100
ljb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf (counter party) (ECA -7) 150
k|Tofe'lt -Underwriting) ;DalGw k|lta$tf 50
a}+saf^ ;"/If)fsf] ?kdf k|bfg ul/Psf hdfgtx? -Lending of 100
Bank's Securities or Posting of Securities as collateral)
k"gM vl/b ;Demf}tf cGtu{tsf] shf{ 100
clu|d e"QmfgL hdfgt 100
ljQLo hdfgt 100
:jLsf/ tyf b/lk& Acceptance and Endorsements 100
e"QmfgL gul/Psf] efu tyf cf+lzs e"QmfgL ul/Psf] ;]o/
100
tyf ;"/If)f -Unpaid portion of Partly paid shares and Securities)
ckl/jTo{ shf{ k|lta$tf %f]^f] cjlw 20
ckl/jTo{ shf{ k|lta$tf nfdf] cjlw 50
cGo ;Defljt bfloTjx? 100
e"QmfgLsf] nflu bfjL k/]sf hdfgt afktsf] ;+efljt bfloTj 200

Pillar II cGtu{tsf] ;dfof]hg

hf]8M ^=$ -s_ -#_ cGtu{t k|lt u|fxs shf{ tyf ;'ljwf
;LdfeGbf a9L k|jflxt shf{ tyf ;'ljwfsf] !) k|ltzt
hf]8M ^=$ -s_ -$_ cGtu{t k'g :jLsf/ x'g]u/L laqmL
ul/Psf shf{x?sf] ! k|ltzt
Pillar II cGtu{tsf] ;dfof]hg kl5_

163
 cg';"rL 4=30-u_
============================================================lnld^]*
================c;f/

Credit Risk Mitigation (CRM) sf] nflu of]Uo /sd -s ju{sf] nflu_ /sd ? xhf/df

;/sf/ ljb]zL ljb]zL

cfgf] cGo tyf cGo ax"kIfLo a}+ssf]
a}+sdf a}+sdf g]kfn g]kfn b]zsf] :jb]zL lasf; hdfgt
/x]sf] /x]sf] /fi^ ;/sf/sf] ;/sf/sf] a}+ssf] a}+sx? tyf
lgIf]k lgIf]k ;"g a}+s hdfgt hdfgt hdfgt hdfgt ;"/If)f

gub df}Hbft
g]kfn /fi^ a}sdf /x]sf] df}Hbft
;"g
g]kfn ;/sf/sf] C)fkqdf nufgL
g]kfn ;/sf/ pk/sf] ;Dk')f{ bfjL
g]kfn /fi^ a}+s C)fkqdf ul/Psf] nufgL
g]kfn /fi^ a}+s pk/sf] ;Dk')f{ bfjL
ljb]zL ;/sf/ tyf s]Gb|Lo a}+s pk/sf] bfjL
(ECA Rating 0-1)
ljb]zL ;/sf/ tyf s]Gb|Lo a}+s pk/sf] bfjL
(ECA Rating -2)
ljb]zL ;/sf/ tyf s]Gb|Lo a}+s pk/sf] bfjL
(ECA Rating -3)
ljb]zL ;/sf/ tyf s]Gb|Lo a}+s pk/sf] bfjL
(ECA Rating 4-6)
ljb]zL ;/sf/ tyf s]Gb|Lo a}+s pk/sf] bfjL
(ECA Rating-7)
BIS, IMF, ECB, EC / ax"klIfo ljsf; a}+sx?
pk/sf] bfjL
cGo ax"klIfo ljsf; a}+sx? pk/sf] bfjL
;fj{hlgs ;+:yf pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating 0-1)
;fj{hlgs ;+:yf pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating -2)
;fj{hlgs ;+:yf pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating 3-6)
;fj{hlgs ;+:yf pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating -7)
tf]lsPsf] k'FhLsf]if sfod ug]{ :jb]zL a}+s
pk/sf] bfjL
tf]lsPsf] k'FhLsf]if sfod gug]{ :jb]zL a}+s
pk/sf] bfjL
ljb]zL a}+s pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating 0-1)
ljb]zL a}+s pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating -2)
ljb]zL a}+s pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating 3-6)
ljb]zL a}+s pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating -7)
tf]lsPsf] k"hLsf]ifdf 1 k|ltzt eGbf a(Ln]
k"hLsf]if sfod ug]{ SAARC If]qleq
:yfkgf ePsf ljb]zL a}+s pk/sf] bfjL
:jb]zL ;+# ;+:yfx? pk/sf] bfjL
ljb]zL ;+# ;+:yfx? pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating 0-1)
ljb]zL ;+# ;+:yfx? pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating -2)
ljb]zL ;+# ;+:yfx? pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating 3-6)

164
ljb]zL ;+# ;+:yfx? pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating -7)
pkef]Uo tyf ;fgf shf{ -Regulatory Retail
Portfolio) efvf ggf#]sf]]_
pkef]Uo tyf ;fgf shf{ (Regulatory Retail
Portfolio -efvf gf#]sf]]_
u|fg'nfl/^L ;Ldf afx]s cGo zt{ kfngf
u/]sf] pkef]Uo tyf ;fgf shf{ -Regulatory
Retail Portfolio )
cfjfl;o #/hUufaf^ ;"/lIft bfjL
cfjfl;o #/hUufaf^ k')f{ ;"/lIft gePsf] bfjL
cfjfl;o #/hUufaf^ ;"/lIft bfjL -efvf
gf#]sf]]_
Jofkfl/s #/hUufaf^ ;"/lIft bfjL
e"QmfgL cjlw ;dfKt eO{;s]sf] bfjL
-cfjfl;o #/hUufaf^ ;"/lIft bfjL afx]s_
pRr hf]lvdo'Qm bfjL
:^s PS;r]Ghdf ;'rLs[t sDkgLsf] ;]o/ /
cGo k"hLut pks/)fdf ePsf] nufgL
:^s PS;r]Ghdf ;'rLs[t gePsf] sDkgLsf]
;]o/ / cGo k"hLut pks/)fdf ePsf]
nufgL
cGo ;DklQ

h"g;"s} a]nf lkmtf{ lng ;lsg] k|lta$tf

laN; sn]S;g
clu|d ljlgdo ;Demf}tf
6 dlxgf eGbf sd cjlwsf] k|lttkq
:jb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf
ljb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf (counter party) (ECA 0-1)
ljb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf (counter party) (ECA -2)
ljb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf (counter party) (ECA 3-6)
ljb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf (counter party) (ECA -7)
6 dlxgf eGbf a(L cjlwsf] k|lttkq
:jb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf
ljb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf (counter party) (ECA 0-1)
ljb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf (counter party) (ECA -2)
ljb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf (counter party) (ECA 3-6)
ljb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf (counter party) (ECA -7)
lj* j)*, k/km/d]G; j)*, sfp)^/ Uof/])^L
:jb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf
ljb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf (counter party) (ECA 0-1)
ljb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf (counter party) (ECA -2)
ljb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf (counter party) (ECA 3-6)
ljb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf (counter party) (ECA -7)
bfjL k/]sf] tyf e"QmfgL gul/Psf hdfgt
k|Tofe'lt (Underwriting) ;DalGw k|lta$tf
a}+saf^ ;"/If)fsf] ?kdf k|bfg ul/Psf
hdfgtx? -Lending of Bank's Securities or Posting
of Securities as collateral)
k"g vl/b ;Demf}tf cGtu{tsf] shf{
clu|d e"QmfgL hdfgt
ljQLo hdfgt

165
:jLsf/ tyf b/lk& -Acceptance and
Endorsements)
e"QmfgL gul/Psf] efu tyf cf+lzs e"QmfgL
ul/Psf] ;]o/ tyf ;"/If)f -Unpaid portion of
Partly paid shares and Securities)
ckl/jTo{ shf{ k|lta$tf %f]^f] cjlw
ckl/jTo{ shf{ k|lta$tf nfdf] cjlw
tf]lsPsf] k"hLsf]ifdf 1 k|ltzt eGbf a(Ln]
k"hLsf]if sfod ug]{ SAARC If]qleq
:yfkgf ePsf ljb]zL a}+s pk/sf] bfjL
cGo ;Defljt bfloTjx?

cg';"rL 4=30 -#_

============================================================lnld^]*
=================c;f/
;~rfng hf]lvd -s ju{sf] nflu_
/sd ? xhf/df

v"b Aofh cfDbfgL

sldzg tyf l*:sfp)^
cGo ;~rfng vr{
;^xL #^a( cfDbfgL
o; jif{sf] yk Aofh d"NtjL lx;fj

15% 15% 15%

=x
=
(Reciprocal of capital requirement) 10
= x
Pillar II cGtu{tsf] ;dfof]hg
^=$ -c_ -*_ cg';f/ ut tLg jif{sf] s'n cfDbfgL C0ffTds ePdf

k'FhL
(Reciprocal of capital requirement of 10%) 10
= +

166
 cg';"rL 4=30 -_
============================================================lnld^]*
========================c;f/
ahf/ hf]lvd -s ju{sf] nflu_
/sd ? xhf/df

ljb]zL d"b|fsf] ljb]zL d"b|fsf] ljb]zL d"b|fsf]

v"b cj:yf v"b cj:yf ;fGble{s v"b
-la=d'=_ -g]=?=_ cj:yf -g]=?=_
1 ef/tLo ?lkof
2 cd]l/sL *n/
3 o"/f]
4 kfpG* :^ln{*
5 l:j; km|}+s
6 c:^]lnog *n/
7 Sofg]l*og *n/
8 l;+ufk"/ *n/
9 hfkfgL o]g
10 lrlgof o"cfg
11 ;fpbL c/a l/ofn
12 stf/L l/ofn
13 yfO{ ef^
14 ;+o"Qm c/a Old/]^ lb/fd
15 dn]l;og l/+lu^
16 l:jl*; qmf]g/
17 *]lg; qmf]g/
18 x*s *n/
19
20
Total Open Position
5%
k'FhL = x
(Reciprocal of capital requirement)
10

= x

167
 cg';"rL $=#!
===============lnld6]8
k|d'v ;'rsfF
sDtLdf ljut % jif{sf kl/;"rsx
ljj/0f ;'rsf cf=a= cf=a= cf=a= cf=a= cf=a=
========== ========== ========== ========== ==========
1= v'b gfkmfs'n cfDbfgL k|ltzt k|ltzt
2= k|lt ;]o/ cfDbfgL =
3= k|lt ;]o/ ahf/ d"No =
4= d'No cfDbfgL cg'kft (PE Ratio) cg'kft
5= ;]o/ k'FhLdf nfef+z -af]g; ;lxt_ k|ltzt
6= ;]o/ k'FhLdf gub nfef+z e'QmfgL k|ltzt
7= Aofh cfDbfgLshf{ tyf ;fk6 k|ltzt
8= sd{rf/L vr{s'n ;~rfng vr{ k|ltzt
9= s'n lgIf]k tyf ;fk6Ldf Aofh vr{ k|ltzt
10= ;6xL 36a6 cfDbfgLs'n cfDbfgL k|ltzt
11= sd{rf/L af]g;s'n sd{rf/L vr{ k|ltzt
12= v'b gfkmfshf{ ;fk6 k|ltzt
13= v'b gfkmfs'n ;DklQ cg'kft
14= s'n shf{lgIf]k k|ltzt
15= s'n ;~rfng vr{s'n ;DklQ k|ltzt
16= hf]lvd efl/t ;DklQdf k'FhLsf]ifsf] kof{Kttf
-s_ k|fylds k'FhL k|ltzt
-v_ k'/s k'FhL k|ltzt
-u_ s'n k'FhL sf]if k|ltzt
17= t/ntf (CRR) cg'kft
18= lgliqmo shf{s'n shf{ k|ltzt
19= cfwf/ Aofhb/ -Base Rate_ k|ltzt
20= Aofh b/ cGt/ (Weighted Average Interest k|ltzt
Rate Spread)
21= a's g]6jy{ =
22= s'n ;]o/ ;+Vof
23= s'n sd{rf/L ;+Vof
24= cGo

168
 cg';"rL $=#@
k|d'v n]vf gLltx?
jflif{s n]vf ljj/0fx?;Fu k|sflzt ug'{ kg]{ .

cg';"rL $=##
n]vf ;DaGwL l6Kk0fLx?
jflif{s n]vf ljj/0fx?;Fu k|sflzt ug'{ kg]{ .

cg';"rL 4=34
============================================== lnld6]8
;+:yfks;+:yfks ;d'xsf ;]o/wgLn] cfgf] :jfldTjdf /x]sf] ;]o/ cGo a}+s tyf ljQLo
;+:yfdf lwtf] /fvL shf{ lnPsf] ljj/0f
;+:yfkssf] :jfldTjdf
;+:yfks;+:ks shf{ ljj/0f
sfod /x]sf] ;]o/
qm= ;d'x cGtu{t
s'n s'n r'Qmf shf{ lnPsf] cGo s}lkmot
;+= kg]{ ;]o/wgLsf] lwtf]df /x]sf]
gfd lsQf k'FhLsf] a}+s ljQLo ;+:yfsf] shf{ /sd
;]o/ lsQf ;+Vof
;+Vof k|ltzt gfd
!=
@=

169
 cg';"rL 4=35
.......................................... Bank/Financial Institution Ltd.
Comparison of Unaudited and Audited Financial Statement as of FY ...../...
Rs in '000
As per Variance
As per Audited
Unaudited In Amount In % Reasons for
S.No. Particulars Financial
Financial Variance
Statement
Statement
1 Total Capital and Liabilities (1.1 to 1.7)
1.1 Paid up Capital
1.2 Reserve and Surplus
1.3 Debenture and Bond
1.4 Borrowings
1.5 Deposits (a+b)
a. Domestic Currency
b. Foreign Currency
1.6 Income Tax Liability
1.7 Other Liabilities
2 Total Assets (2.1 to 2.7)
2.1 Cash and Bank Balance
2.2 Money at Call and Short Notice
2.3 Investments
2.4 Loans and Advances (a+b+c+d+e)
a. Real Estate Loan
1. Residential Real Estate Loan (Except
Personal Home Loan upto Rs. 1 crore)
2. Business Complex & Residential
APartment Construction Loan
3. Income Generating Commercial
Complex Loan
4. Other Real Estate Loan (Including Land
purchase & Plotting)
b. Personal Home Loan of Rs. 1 crore or Less
c. Margin Type Loan
d. Term Loan
e. Overdraft Loan/TR Loan/WC Loan
f. Others
2.5 Fixed Assets
2.6 Non Banking Assets
2.7 Other Assets
3 Profit and Loss Account
3.1 Interest Income
3.2 Interest Expense
A. Net Interest Income (3.1 - 3.2)
3.3 Fees, Commission and Discount
3.4 Other Operating Income
3.5 Foreign Exchange Gain/Loss (Net)
B. Total Operating Income (A+3.3+3.4+3.5)
3.6 Staff Expenses
3.7 Other Operating Expenses
C. Operating Profit Before Provision (B -3.6 - 3.7)
3.8 Provision for Possible Losses
D. Operating Profit (C -3.8)
3.9 Non Operating Income/Expenses (Net)
3.10 Write Back of Provision for Possible Loss
E. Profit from Regular Activities (D+3.9+3.10)
3.11 Extraordinary Income/Expenses (Net)
F. Profit before Bonus and Taxes (E +3.11)
3.12 Provision for Staff Bonus
3.13 Provision for Tax
G. Net Profit/Loss (F - 3.12 - 3.13)

170
 cg";'lr $=c
...................... Limited
Unaudited Financial Results (Quarterly)
As at ........... Qujrter (...../...../200...) of the Fiscal Year 200.../200...
Rs. in '000
This Quater Previous Quarter Corresponding Previsous
S.No. Particulars
Ending Ending Year Quarter Ending
1 Total Capital and Liabilities (1.1 to 1.7)
1.1 Paid up Capital
1.2 Reserve and Surplus
1.3 Debenture and Bond
1.4 Borrowings
1.5 Deposits (a+b)
a. Domestic Currency
b. Foreign Currency
1.6 Income Tax Liability
1.7 Other Liabilities
2 Total Assets (2.1 to 2.7)
2.1 Cash and Bank Balance
2.2 Money at Call and Short Notice
2.3 Investments
2.4 Loans and Advances (a+b+c+d+e)
a. Real Estate Loan
1. Residential Real Estate Loan (Except Personal Home Loan
upto Rs. 1 crore)
2. Business Complex & Residential APartment Construction
Loan
3. Income generating Commercial Complex Loan
4. Other Real Estate Loan (Including Land purchase & Plotting)
b. Personal Home Loan of Rs. 1 crore or Less
c. Margin Type Loan
d. Term Loan
e. Overdraft Loan/TR Loan/WC Loan
f. Others
2.5 Fixed Assets
2.6 Non Banking Assets
2.7 Other Assets
Up to This Up to Previous Up to Corresponding
3 Profit and Loss Account
Quarter Quarter Previous Year Quarter
3.1 Interest Income
3.2 Interest Expense
A. Net Interest Income (3.1 - 3.2)
3.3 Fees, Commission and Discount
3.4 Other Operating Income
3.5 Foreign Exchange Gain/Loss (Net)
B. Total Operating Income (A+3.3+3.4+3.5)
3.6 Staff Expenses
3.7 Other Operating Expenses
C. Operating Profit Before Provision (B -3.6 - 3.7)
3.8 Provision for Possible Losses
D. Operating Profit (C -3.8)
3.9 Non Operating Income/Expenses (Net)
3.1O Write Back of Provision for Possible Loss
E. Profit from Regular Activities (D+3.9+3.10)
3.11 Extraordinary Income/Expenses (Net)
F. Profit before Bonus and Taxes (E +3.11)
3.12 Provision for Staff Bonus
3.13 Provision for Tax
G. Net Profit/Loss (F - 3.12 - 3.13)
At the End At the End of
At the End of
4 Ratios of This Corresponding Previous
Previous Quarter
Quarter Year Quarter
4.1 Capital Fund to RWA
4.2 Non Performing Loan (NPL) to Total Loan
4.3 Total Loan Loss Provision to Total NPL
4.4 Cost of Funds
4.5 Credit to Deposit Ratio (Calculated as per NRB Directives)
4.6 Base Rate

171
 g]kfn /fi6 a}+s
s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu

O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= %)&$

sf/f]af/df lglxt hf]lvd Go"gLs/)f ug]{ ;DaGwL Joj:yf .

o; a}s+ af6 s, v / u ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] sf/f]af/df lglxt t/ntf, Aofhb/, ljb]zL
ljlgdo tyf shf{ ;DaGwL hf]lvdnfO{ Go'gLs/0f ug]{ ;DaGwdf g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf &( n]
lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L of] lgb]{zg lbOPsf] 5 .
!= hf]lvd juL{s/0f
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] cfgf] sf/f]af/;Fu ;DalGwt hf]lvdnfO{ cg'udg ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu
hf]lvdnfO{ b]xfo adf]lhd juL{s/0f ug'{ kg]{5 M
-s_ t/ntf ;DaGwL hf]lvd .
-v_ Aofhb/ ;DaGwL hf]lvd .
-u_ ljb]zL ljlgdo ;DaGwL hf]lvd .
-3_ shf{ tyf nufgL ;DaGwL hf]lvd .
-_ ;~rfng hf]lvd .
@= t/ntf ;DaGwL hf]lvd Go'gLs/0f ug{ ug'{ kg]{ Joj:yf
-!_ t/ntf ;DaGwL hf]lvd Go'gLs/0f ug{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfgf] ;DklQ tyf bfloTjnfO{
e'QmfgL cjlw (Maturity Period) sf] cfwf/df ljleGg ;do cGt/fn (Time Interval) df juL{s/0f
ug'{ kg]{5 . o; k|of]hgsf] lgldQ ;+nUg lgb]{zg kmf=g+= %=! adf]lhdsf] t/ntf ljj/0f (Liquidity
Profile) q}dfl;s ?kdf tof/ u/L qodf; -c;f]h, k';, r}t / c;f/ d;fGt_ ;dfKt ePsf] kGw|
lbgleq o; a}+ssf] ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf k7fpg' kg]{5 .
-@_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ;DklQ tyf bfloTjsf] e'QmfgL cjlwsf] cfwf/df lgDgfg';f/ ;do
cGt/fnsf] juL{s/0f ug'{ kg]{5 .
-s_ () lbg ;Ddsf] e'QmfgL cjlw ePsf ;DklQ tyf bfloTj .
-v_ gAa] lbg eGbf a9L !*) lbg;Ddsf] e'QmfgL cjlw ePsf ;DklQ tyf bfloTj .
-u_ !*) lbg eGbf a9L @&) lbg;Ddsf] e'QmfgL cjlw ePsf ;DklQ tyf bfloTj .
-3_ @&) lbg eGbf a9L ! jif{ ;Ddsf] e'QmfgL cjlw ePsf ;DklQ tyf bfloTj .
-_ ! jif{ eGbfa9L e'QmfgL cjlw ePsf ;DklQ tyf bfloTj .
-#_ lglZrt e'QmfgL cjlw ePsf ;DklQ tyf bfloTjnfO{ pka'Fbf -@_ adf]lhdsf] ;do cGt/fndf
;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-$_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] lglZrt e'QmfgL cjlw gePsf rNtL tyf art lgIf]k h:tf bfloTj dWo]
k|fylds lgIf]ksf] ?kdf /x]sf / Go'gtd sfod ug'{kg]{ df}Hbftsf] c+z;Ddsf] /sd Ps jif{ eGbf
a9L cjlwsf] ;do cGt/fnleq ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 . rNtL lgIf]ksf] pQm c+zsf] oyfy{ cg'dfg
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf :jo+n] ug'{ kg]{5 . ;fdfGotM :yfoL ?kdf /lx/xg] rNtL lgIf]ksf] c+znfO{
k|fylds lgIf]ksf] ?kdf lng' kg]{5 .
-%_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?sf] t/ntf ;DaGwL hf]lvdnfO{ Go'gLs/0f ug]{ p2]Zon] a}+sljQLo
;+:yfx?sf] ;|f]t kl/rfng -:jb]zL d'b|fdf ePsf] lgIf]k tyf k|fylds k'\FhL_ df :jb]zL d'b|fdf k|jfx
ePsf] shf{ ;fk6sf] c+z *) k|ltzt gf3\g gx'g] u/L ;Ldf tf]lsPsf] 5 . t/,

172
 -s_ s'g} a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] k'g/shf{ pkof]u u/]sf] ePdf ;f] /sd o; k|of]hgsf] nflu shf{
;fk6af6 36fpg ;lsg]5 .
-v_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] :jb]zL d'b|fdf % jif{ jf ;f] eGbf a9L cjlwsf] C0fkq hf/L u/]sf]
jf ljb]zL a}+s, ljQLo ;+:yf jf cGo ;+:yf;+u ljb]zL d'b|fdf # jif{ jf ;f] eGbf a9L cjlwsf]
bL3{sfnLg C0f lnPsf] ePdf To:tf] /sdnfO{ o; v08sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu ;|f]t kl/rfngdf
u0fgf ug{ ;lsg]5 .
-u_ tf]lsPsf] shf{ sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug{ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] g]kfn ;/sf/ jf cGt/f{li6o
lgsfoaf6 # jif{ jf ;f] eGbf a9L cjlwsf] nflu :jb]zL d'b|fdf k|fKt C0faf6 k|jfx ePsf]
shf{ a/fa/sf] /sd o; v08sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu ;|f]t kl/rfngdf u0fgf ug{ ;lsg]5 .
-3_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?af6 lgDgfg';f/sf] If]qdf k|jflxt shf{ tyf ;fk6 /sdsf] a9Ldf %)
k|ltzt;Ddsf] /sdnfO{ @)&$ c;f/ d;fGt;Ddsf] cjlwsf nflu dfq o; Joj:yf
cGtu{tsf] cg'kft sfod ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu shf{ tyf ;fk6af6 36fpg ;lsg]5 .
-!_ ljkGg ju{df k|ToIf ?kdf k|jflxt @ k|ltzt;Ddsf] shf{ .
-@_ Joj;flos s[lif tyf kz'kG5L shf{df k|bfg ul/g] Aofh cg'bfg ;DaGwL sfo{ljlw,
@)&# adf]lhd k|jflxt yk shf{ -pTkfbgzLn If]q tkm{ bf]xf]/f] gkg]{ u/L_, /
-#_ pTkfbgzLn -s[lif, phf{, ko{6g / 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBd_ If]qtkm{ k|jflxt shf{ .
-_ CCD Ratio u0fgf ubf{ cGt/a}+s lgIf]knfO{ ;|f]t kl/rfngdf ;dfj]z ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
-^_ shf{;|f]t kl/rfng cg'kft (CCD Ratio) sf] cg'udg tyf xhf{gf ;DaGwL Joj:yf M
ldlt @)&$)!)! b]lv b}lgs ?kdf CCD Ratio cg'udg ul/g]5 . b}lgs ?kdf u0fgf ul/g]
CCD Ratio sf] tf]lsPsf] ;Ldf gf3]df g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf (( cg';f/ a9L
k|jflxt shf{ /sddf a}+s b/n] x'g cfpg] a/fa/ /sd xhf{gf nufOg]5 .
:ki6Ls/0f M
o; Joj:yfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu b}lgs ?kdf CCD Ratio u0fgf ubf{ pka'Fbf g+= % sf] v08 -3_
adf]lhdsf] If]qx?df k|jflxt shf{ tyf ;fk6sf] jSof}tf /sdsf] xsdf cl3Nnf] dlxgfsf] aSof}tf
/sdnfO{, k|fylds k'FhLsf] xsdf cl3Nnf] qodf;df sfod ePsf] k|fylds k'FhLnfO{ Pjd\ shf{ tyf
;fk6 / :jb]zL lgIf]ksf] xsdf ;f]xL lbgsf] /sdnfO{ lng' kg]{5 .
#= Aofhb/ hf]lvd Go'gLs/0f ug'{ kg]{ Joj:yf
-!_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] Aofhb/af6 pTkGg x'g] hf]lvdnfO{ Go'gLs/0f ug{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf pkfox?
cjnDag ug'{ kg]{5 M
-s_ Aofhb/df ePsf] kl/jt{gsf sf/0f k|efljt x'g] ;DklQx? tyf bfloTjx? (Interest Sensitive
Assets and Liabilities) nfO{ dfq ;DklQ tyf bfloTjdf ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-v_ ;fdfGotM ;DklQ tyf bfloTjsf] e'QmfgL cjlw ldnfg gx'g] (Maturity Mismatch) cj:yfsf]
cGt/ ljZn]if0f -Gap Analysis_ ubf{ gub df}Hbft (Cash Balance) / Aofh e'QmfgL lbg'
gkg]{ (Non-interest Bearing Account) vftfsf] /sd ;dfj]z ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
-u_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] Aofhb/ hf]lvdnfO{ Jojl:yt tyf Go'gLs/0f ug{ ;+nUg lgb]{zg
kmf=g+=%=@ adf]lhdsf] ljj/0f q}dfl;s -c;f]h, k';, r}t / cfiff9d;fGt_ ?kdf tof/ u/L
qodf; ;dfKt ePsf] !% lbgleq o; a}+ssf] ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf k]z ug{' kg]{5 .
-@_ Aofhb/ hf]lvdsf] cg'udg ug{ lnOg' kg]{ ;do cGt/fn (Time Interval) sf] juL{s/0f ubf{ bkmf @
cg';f/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ lglZrt e'QmfgL cjlw (Fixed Maturity Period) gePsf ;DklQ tyf bfloTjnfO{ b]xfo adf]lhd
;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 M
-s_ lglZrt e'QmfgL cjlw gePsf ;DklQx?
-!_ cfjlws ?kdf Aofhb/ ;dfof]hg x'g] u/L k|jfx ul/Psf] shf{ (Floating rate loan
with interest adjusted periodically) nfO{ h'g cjlwdf Aofhb/ ;dfof]hg ul/G5, ;f]xL
;do cGt/fn leq ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 .

173
 -@_ s'g} Aofhb/ ljz]if kl/jt{g;Fu ;dfof]hg x'g] -h:t}M 6]h/L lansf] Aofhb/_ u/L k|jfx
ul/Psf] cfjlws shf{nfO{ ;a}eGbf sd cjlwsf] ;do cGt/fn leq ;dfj]z ug'{
kg]{5 .
-v_ lglZrt e'QmfgL cjlw gePsf bfloTjx?
Aofhb/df ePsf] kl/jt{gsf sf/0f k|efljt x'g] lglZrt e'QmfgL cjlw gePsf bfloTjx?
(Interest Sensitive, Floating Rate Liabilities) nfO{ dfq h'g cjlwdf Aofhb/ ;dfof]hg
ul/G5, ;f]xL ;do cGt/fnleq ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-$_ cGt/ (Gap) dfkg b]xfo adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{5 M
-s_ ljleGg ;do cGt/fnsf s'n ;DklQaf6 s'n bfloTj 36fP/ ;f] ;do cGt/fnsf] ;DklQ
tyf bfloTjsf] cGt/ (Gap) lgwf{/0f ug'{kg]{5 . pQm cGt/ (Gap) wgfTds (Positive) cyjf
C0ffTds (Negative) b'j} x'g ;Sg]5 .
-v_ Aofhb/ hf]lvd Go'g ug]{ k|of]hgsf] lgldQ k|To]s ;do cGt/fnsf] ;l~rt cGt/
(Cumulative Gap) ;d]t lgwf{/0f ug'{kg]{5 . ;l~rt cGt/ lgwf{/0f ubf{ h'g ;do cGt/fnsf]
;l~rt cGt/ lgwf{/0f ug'{kg]{ xf] ;f] ;do cGt/fnsf] cGt/ (Gap) ;lxt ;f] eGbf cl3sf
;do cGt/fnsf cGt/nfO{ ;d]t hf]8]/ /fVg' kg]{5 .
-u_ Aofhb/df x'g ;Sg] ;Defljt kl/jt{gnfO{ cg'dfg (Estimate) ug'{kg]{5 . ;f] k|of]hgsf] nflu
;fdfGotof ! k|ltztn] Aofhb/ kl/jt{gaf6 kg{ hfg] c;/nfO{ x]g{ ;lsg]5 .
-3_ kl/jt{g x'g] cg'dfg ul/Psf] Aofhb/ pkv08 -u_ adf]lhd k|To]s ;do cGt/fnsf]
;dofjlw;Fu ;dfof]lht x'g] u/L lgwf{/0f ug'{kg]{5 . ;f] k|of]hgsf] lgldQ Aofhb/df x'g]
;dfof]lht Aofhb/ (IRC) kl/jt{gnfO{ b]xfosf] cg'kftn] u'0fg ug'{ kg]{5 M
;do cGt/fndf /x]sf lbg #^% lbg
h:t} M ! k|ltztn] Aofhb/ kl/jt{g ePdf, () lbgsf] ;do cGt/fn x'Fbf
Interest Rate Change (IRC) = ()#^% )=)! = )=))@%
-_ Aofhb/df ePsf] kl/jt{gsf sf/0f a}+ssf] gfkmfgf]S;fgdf kg{ uPsf] c;/nfO{ x]g{ ljleGg
;do cGt/fnsf] ;l~rt cGt/fn (Cumulative Gap) nfO{ pkv08 -3_ adf]lhd lgwf{/0f
ul/Psf] Aofhb/n] u'0fg u/L lgwf{/0f ug'{ kg]{5 .
$= ljb]zL ljlgdo ;DaGwL hf]lvd Go'gLs/0f ug'{ kg]{ Joj:yf
-!_ ljb]zL ljlgdo b/df cfpg] ;Defljt kl/jt{gaf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ljQLo cj:yfdf kg{
;Sg] c;/nfO{ cg'udg ug]{ p2]Zon] ;+nUg lgb]{zg kmf=g+=%=# adf]lhdsf] ljj/0f dfl;s ?kdf
dlxgf ljt]sf] & lbgleq o; a}+ssf] ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf k7fpg' kg]{5 .
-@_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ljb]zL ljlgdo b/df cfpg] kl/jt{gaf6 pTkGg x'g;Sg]] hf]lvdnfO{
Go'gLs/0f ug{ o; a}+sn] hf/L u/]sf] n]vf ;DaGwL gLlt tyf ljQLo ljj/0fx?sf] 9fFrf ;DaGwL
lgb]{zg -O=k|f lgb]{zg g+= $_ df pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf] ;6xL 36j9 sf]if sfod /fVg' kg]{5 .
-#_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cNksfnLg tyf bL3{sfnLg e'QmfgL cjlwsf cfwf/df ljb]zL ljlgdonfO{
d'b|fut ?kdf juL{s/0f u/L b'j} cjlwsf] v'b cj:yf (Net Position) b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
:ki6Ls/0f M o; k|of]hgsf] nflu cNksfnLg cjlw eGgfn] ! dlxgf jf ;f]eGbf sd cjlw
;Demg' k5{ .
-$_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ljb]zL ljlgdosf] b}lgs v'b cj:yf a9Ldf k|fylds k'FhLsf] #)
k|ltzt;Dd x'g] u/L ;Ldf sfod ul/Psf] 5 . v'b cj:yf pQm ;Ldf eGbf a9L x'g uPdf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf :jo+n] To:tf] cj:yfnfO{ ;Ldf leq Nofpg k|of; ug'{ kg]{5 . ! dlxgfleq
klg Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] v'b cj:yfnfO{ ;Ldfleq gNofPdf g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* adf]lhd
sf/jfxL x'g]5 . v'b cj:yf u0fgf ubf{ kl/jTo{ ljb]zL d'b|f lgIf]k bfloTj (Foreign Currency
Deposit Liablility) tyf clu|d ljb]zL ljlgdo vl/blaqmL /sd ;d]tnfO{ ;dfof]hg u/]sf] x'g'
kb{5 .

174
%= shf{ tyf nufgL ;DaGwL hf]lvd Go'gLs/0f ug'{ kg]{ Joj:yf
o; a}+saf6 hf/L ul/Psf] shf{ ;fk6sf] juL{s/0f / shf{ gf]S;fgL ;DaGwL Joj:yf -O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= @
_ / Psn u|fxs tyf If]qut shf{ ;fk6 / ;'ljwfsf] ;Ldf lgwf{/0f ;DaGwL Joj:yf -O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= #_
tyf nufgL ;DaGwL Joj:yff -O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= *_ nfO{ g} shf{ tyf nufgL ;DaGwL hf]lvd Go'gLs/0f ug]{
cfwf/sf] ?kdf lng' kg]{5 .
^= ;~rfng hf]lvd Go'gLs/0f ;DaGwL Joj:yf
-s_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] cfgf] sf/f]af/;Fu ;DalGwt ;~rfng hf]lvdnfO{ Joj:yfkg ug{
k|efjsf/L cfGtl/s lgoGq0f k|0ffnL tyf ;'rgf k|0ffnLsf] ljsf; ug'{kg]{5 . ;fy}, cfGtl/s
n]vfkl/Ifsn] k|To]s zfvfljefusfof{nosf] n]vfk/LIf0f k|ltj]bgdf ;~rfng hf]lvdnfO{
k|efjsf/L ?kdf Joj:yfkg ug{ cjnDag ePsf pkfox?sf] k|ofKttfsf] ;DaGwdf ;d]t
l6Kk0fLk|lts[of ;dfj]z u/]sf] x'g'kg]{5 .
-v_ ;'rgf k|ljlwaf6 x'g ;Sg] ;~rfng hf]lvdnfO{ Go'gLs/0f ug]{ Joj:yfnfO{ a9L k|efjsf/L agfO{
;f]sf] lg/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0fnfO{ Jojl:yt ug{ ;'rgf k|ljlw ;DaGwL dfu{bz{g -Information
Technology Guidelines_ hf/L ul/Psf] 5 .
;fy}, ;f] dfu{bz{g adf]lhd jflif{s ?kdf ;'rgf k|0ffnLsf] n]vfk/LIf0f ug'{kg]{ Joj:yf /x]sf]
;Gbe{df klxnf] k6ssf] nflu jfl0fHo a}+sx?n] lj:t[t ?kdf ljBdfg ;'rgf k|0ffnLsf] n]vfk/LIf0f
;DkGg u/fO{ @)&! k'; d;fGtleq ;f]sf] k|ltj]bg o; a}+ssf] a}+s ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf k]z
ug'{kg]{ 5 . To;kZrft ;f] dfu{bz{gdf pNn]v eP adf]lhd lgoldt ?kdf To:tf] n]vfk/LIf0f
u/fpg' kg]{5 .
&= hf]lvd Joj:yfkg ;DaGwL dfu{bz{g
o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt s ju{sf jfl0fHo a+}sx?sf] hf]lvd Joj:yfkgnfO{ ;jn agfpg hf]lvd
Joj:yfkg ;DaGwL dfu{bz{g -Risk Management Guidelines_ nfu" ul/Psf]n] tf]lsPsf] dfu{bz{g adf]lhd
hf]lvd Joj:yfkg ug{'u/fpg' kg]{5 .
*= bjfa k/LIf0f ;DaGwL dfu{bz{g
o; a}+saf6 s ju{sf a}+s / /fli6o:t/sf v / u ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf :jo+n] tf]lsPsf]
bjfa k/LIf0f dfu{bz{g -Stress Testing Guidelines_ adf]lhd lgoldt ?kdf bjfj k/LIf0f -:6];
6]li6_ ug]{ Joj:yf sfof{Gjog ug{'u/fpg' kg]{5 . ;fy}, ;f] dfu{bz{g adf]lhd bjfj k/LIf0f ug]{
;Gbe{df lgDg adf]lhdsf] yk Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5M
-s_ ;DalGwt ;+:yfn] qodf; ljQLo ljj/0fsf cfwf/df bjfa k/LIf0f u/L To:tf] k/LIf0fsf]
kl/0ffd af/] ;~rfns ;ldlt tyf pRr Joj:yfkgdf 5nkmn ug'{kg]{5 .
-v_ To:tf] bjfa k/LIf0fsf] nflu o; a}+sn] tof/ u/]sf] Spreadsheet o; a}+ssf] ;DalGwt
;'kl/j]If0f ljefusf] u}/:ynut dxfzfvfdf ;Dks{ /fvL lng ;lsg]5 .
-u_ v08 -v_ adf]lhdsf] Spreadsheet df plNnlvt bjfa k/LIf0f;Fu ;DalGwt tYof Pjd\
kl/0ffd x/]s qodf; ljt]sf] #) lbgleq ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefusf] u}/:ynut
dxfzfvfdf pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 .
(= vf/]hL / jrfpm
-!_ o; a}+saf6 o;cl3 hf/L ul/Psf b]xfosf lgb]{zgx? vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 M
PsLs[t lgb]{zg, @)&# sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] sf/f]af/df lglxt hf]lvd Go'gLs/0f ug]{ ;DaGwL
Joj:yf O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= %)&# adf]lhdsf] lgb]{zg tyf ;f] kZrft ldlt @)&$ ;fpg ( ut] ;Dd
hf/L ePsf o;} ljifo;Fu ;DalGwt ;Dk"0f{ kl/kqx? .
-@_ pka'Fbf -!_ adf]lhd vf/]h ul/Psf lgb]{zg tyf kl/kq adf]lhd eP u/]sf sfd sf/jfxL o;}
lgb]{zg adf]lhd eP u/]sf] dflgg]5 .

175
 Structural Liquidity
-?= nfvdf_

1= gub df}Hbft
2= a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfdf /x]sf] df}Hbft
3= ljb]zL a}+sdf ul/Psf] nufgL
4= sn dlg
5= ;/sf/L ;"/If)fkq
6= g]=/f=a}+s C)fkq
7= cGt/ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf shf{
8= shf{ ;fk^
9= kfpg" kg]{ Aofh
10= l/e;{ l/kf]
11= k|lta$tf cGtu{t cGo ;+:yfx?af^ k|fKt x"g]
12= qm=;= 20, 21 / 22 sf ;"ljwfx?sf] e"QmfgL
13= cGo

14= rNtL lgIf]k

15= art lgIf]k
16= d"@lt lgIf]k
17= C)fkqx?
18= ;fk^L M
dfucNk ;'rgf
cGt/ a}+slj=;+:yf
k"g/shf{
cGo
19= cGo bfloTj tyf Joj:yfx? M
;)*L qm]l*^;{
e"QmfgL lbg"kg]{ lan
e"QmfgL lbg"kg]{ Aofh
Joj:yfx?
cGo
20= k|lta$tf cGtu{t cGo ;+:yfx?nfO{ lbg"kg]{
21= pkef]u e}g;s]sf] :jLs[t ;"ljwfx?
22= k|lttkqhdfgt -v"b_
23= l/kf]
24= qm=;= 11 cGtu{tsf] ;"ljwfsf] e"QmfgL
25= cGo

v"b ;DklQ
;l~rt v"b ;DklQ

176
kfpg"kg]{ Aofh
l/e;{ l/kf]
k|lta$tf cGtu{t cGo
;+:yfx?af^ k|fKt x"g]
qm=;= 20, 21 / 22 sf
;'ljwfx?sf] e"QmfgL
cGo zLif{sx?
h"g ;dodf Aofh k|fKt x"g] xf], ;f]xL ;dosf] ;DalGwt Bucket df /fVg] .
e"QmfgL cjlw cg";f/sf] ;DalGwt Bucket df /fVg] .
h"g ;dodf ;"ljwf k|fKt x"g] ck]Iff ul/Psf] % ;f]xL ;dosf] ;DalGwt Bucket df /fVg] .
hdfgt afx]s cGo ;"lawfx?sf] xsdf e"QmfgL cjlw cg";f/sf] ;DalGwt Bucket df /
hdfgtsf] xsdf 1 jif{eGbf a(Lsf] Bucket df /fVg] .
PsLs[t lgb]{zgsf] lgb]{zg g+ 5 df Joj:yf ul/P adf]lhd ug]{ .

;)*L qm]l*^;{ 1 b]lv 90 lbgsf] Bucket df /fVg] .

e"QmfgL lbg"kg]{ lan
e"QmfgL lbg"kg]{ Aofh
Joj:yfx?*
k|lta$tf cGtu{t cGo
;+:yfx?nfO{ lbg"kg]{
pkef]u eOg;s]sf]
:jLs[t ;"ljwfx?
k|lttkqhdfgt -v"b_
l/kf]
qm=;= 11 cGtu{tsf]
;'ljwfsf] e"QmfgL
cGo zLif{sx?
* ;Defljt gf]S;fgL jfkt sfod ul/Psf Joj:yfx? afx]ssf vr{ zLif{s;Fu ;DalGwt Joj:yfx? .
e"QmfgL cjlw cg";f/sf] ;DalGwt Bucket df /fVg] .
e"QmfgL cjlw cg";f/sf] ;DalGwt Bucket df /fVg] .
lglZrt e"QmfgL cjlw ePsf] cj:yfdf ;f]xL adf]lhd / gePsf] cj:yfdf 1 b]lv 90 lbgsf]
Bucket df /fVg] .
lautsf] Trend ljin]if)faf^ dfusf] Pattern cg"dfg u/L ;f]xL cg";f/sf] ;DalGwt Bucket df
/fVg] .
lautsf] Trend ljin]if)faf^ dfusf] Pattern cg"dfg u/L ;f]xL cg";f/sf] ;DalGwt Bucket df
/fVg] .
k|lttkqsf] xsdf e"QmfgL cjlw cg";f/sf] ;DalGwt Bucket df / hdfgtsf] xsdf lautsf]
Trend ljin]if)faf^ Claim Pattern :yflkt u/L cfpg] /sd hdfgtsf] cjlw ;dfKt x"g] Bucket
df /fVg] .
e"QmfgL cjlw cg";f/sf] ;DalGwt Bucket df /fVg] .
e"QmfgL cjlw cg";f/sf] ;DalGwt Bucket df /fVg] .
PsLs[t lgb]{zgsf] lgb]{zg g+ 5 df Joj:yf ul/P adf]lhd ug]{ .

g]=/f= a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+= 5=2

Aofhb/ ;DaGwL hf]lvd cg"udg tflnsf

Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] gfdM
cjlw M -=nfvdf_
cjlw ! () (! !*) !*! @&) @&! ! jif{ eGbf s'n
ljj/0f lbg lbg lbg #^% lbg a9L /sd
!= s'n ;DklQ*
@= s'n bfloTj**
#= cGt/fn -! @_
$= ;l~rt cGt/fn
%= ;dfof]lht Aofhb/ (IRC)***
^= q}dfl;s d'gfkmf l:yltdf k|efj
-;l~rt cGt/fn x IRC)
&= ;l~rt d'gfkmf l:ylt km/s
-qm=;+= ^ sf] hf]8 ub}{ hfg]_
* s'n ;DklQ cGtu{t Aofhb/df ePsf] kl/jt{gsf sf/0f k|efljt x'g] ;DklQ (Interest Sensitive Assets) dfq ;dfj]z ug'{
kg]{5 .
** s'n bfloTj cGtu{t Aofhb/df ePsf] kl/jt{gsf sf/0f k|efljt x'g] bfloTj (Interest Sensitive Liabilities) dfq ;dfj]z
ug'{ kg]{5 .
*** Interest Rate Change

177
 g]=/f= a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+=%=#
ljb]zL ljlgdo ;DaGwL hf]lvd cg'udg tflnsf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] gfd M
cjlwM -=nfvdf_
v'b
cNksfnLg bL3{sfnLg s'n
cNksfnLg bL3{sfnLg cj:yf
ljb]zL d'b|f v'b
v'b cj:yf v'b cj:yf k|fylds
;DklQ bfloTj ;DklQ bfloTj cj:yf
k'FhL
o'= P;= 8n/
:6ln{ kfp08
hfkfgL o]g
o'/f]
cGo d'b|f

ef/tLo ?k}ofF
s'n

178
 g]kfn /fi6 a}+s
s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu

O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= ^)&$

;+:yfut ;"zf;g ;DaGwL Joj:yf .

o; a}+saf6 s, v / u ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] kfngf ug'{ kg]{ ;+:yfut ;'zf;g ;DaGwL
Joj:yf ;DaGwdf g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf &( n] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L b]xfosf] lgb]{zg hf/L
ul/Psf] 5 .
!= ;~rfnsn] kfngf ug'{ kg]{ cfr/0f ;DaGwL Joj:yf
-!_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf ;~rfnsn] Go'gtd :jLsf/of]Uo cfr/0f sfod ug'{ kg]{
-s_ ;~rfnsn] o; a}+sn] hf/L u/]sf] cfr/0f ;DaGwL Joj:yf kfngf ug]{ jrgj4tfkqdf
x:tfIf/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
-v_ s'g} JolQm ;~rfnsdf lgo'Qm ePkl5 sfo{ef/ ;DxfNg'eGbf klxn] cfgf] ;+:yf;Fu ljQLo
:jfy{ eP gePsf] s'/f ;~rfns ;ldltnfO{ lnlvt ?kdf hfgsf/L u/fpg' kg]{5 .
-u_ ;~rfnsn] a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] Joj:yfkgsf] b}lgs sfdsf/jfxLdf x:tIf]k ug'{ xF'b}g .
-3_ ;~rfnsn]] cfgf] clwsf/ If]q gf3L u/]sf] sfdsf/jfxLk|lt ;~rfns :jo+ hjfkmb]xL x'g'
kg]{5 . To:tf] cj:yfdf ;+:yf pQ/bfoL x'g' kg]{5}g .
-@_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] lxt ljkl/tsf ultljlwdf ;+nUg x'g gx'g]
-s_ ;~rfns k|ToIf jf ck|ToIf ?kdf ;+:yfsf] lxt ljkl/t x'g] s'g} klg lsl;dsf] ultljlwdf
;+nUg x'g' x'b}g .
-v_ ;~rfns lghsf] ljQLo :jfy{ /x]sf] u|fxs;Fusf] sf/f]af/df k|ToIf jf ck|ToIf ?kdf ;+nUg
x'g' x'Fb}g . s'g} u|fxs;Fu To:tf] ;~rfnssf] s'g} klg lsl;dn] :jfldTj, ;fe]mbf/ jf
hdfgtstf{ eO{ C0f lng] jf lbg] ljifodf ljQLo :jfy{ ufFl;Psf] 5 eg] lgh ;~rfns
kbdf axfn /xg of]Uo dflgg] 5}g .
-u_ ;~rfns ;ldltn] lghsf] ljQLo :jfy{ ufFl;Psf] 5 egL k|dfl0ft gu/];Dd ;fj{hlgs ?kdf
lgisfzg ul/Psf ;]o/C0fkqx?sf] sf/f]af/sf] xsdf o; lsl;dsf] k|ltaGw nfu" x'g] 5}g .
-3_ ;~rfnssf] Psf3/ kl/jf/sf ;b:on] lwtf]kq Joj;foL -bnfn, ahf/ lgdf{tf cflb_ sf]
?kdf :yflkt ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] bz k|ltzteGbf a9L :jfldTj u|x0f u/L lwtf]kq sf/f]af/df
;+nUg x'g kfOg] 5}g .
-_ ;~rfns jf ! k|ltzteGbf a9L ;]o/ lnPsf ;]o/wgL jf lghsf] kl/jf/sf] :jfldTjdf
/x]sf]ljQLo :jfy{ /x]sf] kmd{, sDkgL;Fu 3/ ef8f lnO{ sf/f]]jf/ ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
-#_ PseGbf a9L Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns, ;Nnfxsf/ jf sfo{sf/L clwsf/ k|of]u ug]{ cGo
s'g} kbdf /xg gkfOg]
Pp6f ;+:yfdf ;~rfns /x]sf] JolQm Ps}k6s csf]{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf nufot ;xsf/L P]g,
@)$* cGtu{t ;+rflnt art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf tyf aLdf ;DaGwL Joj;fo ;~rfng ug]{
;+ul7t ;+:yf ;d]tsf] ;~rfns, ;Nnfxsf/ jf s'g} klg kbdf /xg kfOg] 5}g .

179
-$_ ;+/Ifssf] x}l;otdf /xg gx'g]
;~rfnsn] u|fxssf] hdLg tyf hfoh]yf ;DaGwL sf/f]af/df k|zf;s jf ;+/Ifssf] x}l;otn] ;+nUg
x'g' x'Fb}g . olb o:tf] sfo{df ;+nUg eO{ u|fxssf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf /x]sf]] vftfdf x:tfIf/
ug]{ clwsf/ k|fKt u/]df ;~rfns ;ldltaf6 To;sf] lnlvt :jLs[lt lng' kg]{5 .
t/, Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf ;~rfnsx?n] n3'ljQ sf/f]af/ ug]{ 3 ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt
;+:yfdf ;+/Ifs jf ;Nnfxsf/sf] ?kdf dfq /xg afwf k'u]sf] dflgg] 5}g .
-%_ kbsf] b'?kof]u ug{ gx'g]
;~rfnsn] cfgf] kb / gfd b'?kof]u u/L s'g} klg lsl;dsf] JolQmut kmfObf x'g] lqmofsnfkdf
;+nUg x'g kfOg] 5}g . Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf ;~rfns / lghsf kl/jf/n] ;d]t lgh axfn /x]sf]
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf;Fu sf/f]af/ ubf{ kfl/jfl/s ;DaGwnfO{ hf]8\g kfOg] 5}g . kl/jf/sf] ljj/0f
v'nfO{ To:tf kl/jf/n] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfaf6 shf{ lng] ePdf ;f] ;DaGwL 5nkmn / lg0f{odf
efu lng kfOg] 5}g . ;fy}, ;fdfgx?sf] vl/b laqmL ubf{ ;]o/ nufot cGo k|Tofe"ltx?sf]
sf/f]af/df k|fyldstf kfpg jf lbgsf nflu kbsf] pkof]u ug{ kfOg] 5}g . o;}u/L ;'g, rfFbL,
ljb]zL ljlgdo / ljb]zL ;'/If0fkqx?sf] ;fkf ubf{ kbLo k|efj kfg{ kfOg] 5}g .
-^_ clen]v / k|ltj]bg k"0f{ Pjd\ b'?:t /fVg' kg]{
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] n]vf ;DaGwL clen]v / k|ltj]bg k"0f{ Pjd\ b'?:t ?kdf /fv]sf] x'g'kg]{5 .
;~rfnsn] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] cflwsfl/s n]vf ;DaGwL clen]v / sfuhftdf JolQmut ?kdf
yk36 ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
-&_ uf]klgotf sfod /fVg' kg]{
-s_ ;~rfnsn] u|fxssf] ;'rgf / sf/f]af/sf] uf]kgLotf sfod /fVg' kg]{5 . lgh ;~rfns
kbaf6 lgj[Q eO;s]kl5 klg ;+:yfn] s'g} u|fxs;Fu u/]sf] uf]Ko sfo{ -Ohfhtkqk|fKt
;+:yfsf] lnlvt :jLs[lt gePsf]df_, k|ltlnkL clwsf/, cGo kqfrf/, n]vf / u|fxs;Fu ePsf]
cGo sf/f]af/sf] ljj/0f cfgf] ljQLo :jfy{sf] nflu k|of]u ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
-v_ s'g} u|fxssf] Jofj;flos jf ljQLo ;'rgf u|fxssf] lnlvt :jLs[lt lnP/ cGo JolQm jf
;+:yfnfO{ lbg ;lsg] 5 .
t/, k|rlnt sfg'gsf] clwgdf /xL ljQLo sf/f]af/ ;DaGwL ljj/0fx? t];|f] kIfnfO{ pknAw
u/fpFbf uf]kgLotf e+u ePsf] dflgg] 5}g .
-*_ lgikIf / ;dfg Jojxf/ ug'{ kg]{
;~rfnsn] u|fxs;Fusf] ldqtf / ;DaGwaf6 k|efljt geO{ lgikIf Pjd\ ;dfgtfsf] cfwf/df
Jofj;flos Jojxf/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
-(_ lnlvt ?kdf hfgsf/L lbg' kg]{
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] dfly n]lvP adf]lhdsf] cfr/0f ;DaGwL Joj:yf :jLsf/ u/L tyf cfjZos
b]v]df cfgf] cfGtl/s sfo{ k|0ffnLsf] nflu yk cfr/0f ;DaGwL Joj:yf ;d]t tof/ u/L o; a}+ssf]
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu / ;DjlGWft ;'kl/j]If0f ljefunfO{ lnlvt ?kdf hfgsf/L lbg'
kg]{5 .
-!)_ ljj/0f k]z ug'{ kg]{
;~rfnsn] o; lgb]{zgdf tf]lsPsf cfr/0fx? kfngf u/] gu/]sf] ljj/0f cfly{s jif{ ;dfKt ePsf]
kGw| lbgleq clgjfo{ ?kdf o; a}+ssf] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu / ;DalGwt
;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf k7fpg' kg]{5 . s'g} ;~rfnsn] pQm cfr/0fx?sf] kfngf gu/]df ;f] kfngf
gu/]sf] ljj/0f / lghdfly ul/Psf] sf/jfxL o; a}+ssf pko{'Qm ljefux?df t'?Gt k7fpg' kg]{5 .
-!!_ ;~rfns ;ldltsf] ;b:o ;ldltsf] a}7sdf lgoldt ?kdf pkl:ylt x'g' kg]{5 . dgfl;j dflkmssf]
sf/0f tyf k'j{ ;'rgf lagf nuftf/ # k6seGbf a9L ;ldltsf] a}7sdf cg'kl:yt ePdf To:tf]
;~rfnssf] kb :jtM l/Qm ePsf] dflgg] 5 .

180
 -!@_ Ps eGbf a9L JolQm Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;~rfnssfo{sf/L k|d'v x'g gkfOg]
o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt a+}s tyf ljQLo ;+:Yffdf Psf3/ kl/jf/, kmd{, sDkgL, ;+ul7t ;+:yf jf
Pp6} ;d'xsf] sDkgLaf6 Ps eGbf a9L JolQm ;~rfns jf sfo{sf/L k|d'v kbdf
dgf]goglgjf{rglgo'Qm x'g ;Sg] 5}g .
t/ n3'ljQ ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug]{ 3 ju{sf] ljQLo ;+:yfdf ;~rfns lgo'Qm ug{ / ;+ul7t ;+:yfn]
;]o/ lnPsf] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfdf cfkm'n] lnPsf] ;]o/ cg'kftdf ;~rfns lgo'Qm ug{ afwf
k'ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g . Pp6f Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] csf]{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf -3 ju{ afx]s_ df
;]o/ nufgL (Cross Holding) eO{ ;~rfns lgo'Qm ug{ of] Joj:yfn] 5'6 lbPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
-!#_ g]kfn ;/sf/ jf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] :jfldTj k|fKt ;+ul7t ;+:yf jf o; a}+s jf o; a}+saf6
Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] axfnjfnf sd{rf/L a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g,
@)&# sf] bkmf !* sf] pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -`_ df ePsf] Joj:yf adf]lhd n3'ljQ ljQLo ;+:yf
/ k"jf{wf/ ljsf; a}+sdf afx]s cGo Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns x'g kfpg]
5}g .
-!$_ s'g} klg kmd{ tyf sDkgL sfnf];"rLdf k/]sf] eP sfnf];"rLdf /x]sf] cjlw / sfnf];'rLaf6 x6]sf]
tLg jif{;Dd To:tf] kmd{ tyf sDkgLx?sf] tkm{af6 ;~rfns dgf]goglgo'lQmsf] nflu of]Uo x'g]
5}g .
-!%_ -s_ ;+:yfks;+:yfks ;d'xsf] ;]o/ wf/0f u/]sf ;]o/wgL ;+:yfks ;d'x afx]s cGo ;d'xaf6
;~rfnsdf pDd]bjf/L lbg kfpg] 5}g . t/, Ohfhtkqk|fKt;+:yfn] o; a}+ssf] :jLs[lt lnO{ %!
k|ltzteGbf a9Lsf] ;+:yfks ;d'xsf] ;]o/ ;j{;fwf/0f ;]o/df kl/0ft u/]sf] cj:yfdf eg] of]
Joj:yf nfu" x'g] 5}g .
-v_ s'g} a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfdf s'g} JolQm jf lghsf] k|ltlglw cfgf] / cfgf] ljQLo :jfy{ /x]sf]
kmd{sDkgL;+:yfsf tkm{af6 Ps} k6s Ps eGbf a9L ;~rfns kbdf lgo'Qmdgf]gog x'g ;Sg]
5}gg\ .
-!^_ ;+3Lo ;+/rgf adf]lhdsf] :yfgLo, k|fb]lzs jf ;+3Lo txsf] kbflwsf/Ldf lgjf{lrt JolQmx? o;
a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf ;~rfns /xFbf ;+:yfut ;'zf;gsf] kIf sdhf]/ x'g] x'Fbf To:tf
kbflwsf/Lx?n] kbdf axfn /x'~h]n a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns ;ldltdf k|ltlglwTj ug{
kfpg] 5}gg\ .
@= ;~rfns;~rfns ;ldltsf] st{Jo / pQ/bfloTj
;j{;fwf/0faf6 lgIf]k ;+sng u/L To;sf] ;+/If0f ug]{ h:tf] dxTjk"0f{ sfo{df ;+nUg Ohfhtkqk|fKt
;+:yfsf ;~rfnsx?n] cfgf ;]o/wgLx?sf] lxt dfq gx]/L lgIf]kstf{ nufotsf ;/f]sf/jfnf
(Stakeholder) x?sf] lxt ;+/If0f ug{;Sg] u/L Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf ;~rfngdf lqmofzLn x'g' kg]{5 .
;~rfnsx?sf] c;n cfr/0f tyf lqmofsnfkaf6 ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf ;fy} b]zsf] ;du|
ljQLo k|0ffnLdf cg's'n k|efj kg{ hfg] x'Fbf To:tf ;+:yfsf ;~rfnsx?sf] lgo'QmL, lghx?n] kfngf ug'{
kg]{ st{Jo tyf axg ug'{ kg]{ pQ/bfloTj ;DaGwdf b]xfo adf]lhdsf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 M
-s_ ;+:yfnfO{ bIf, ljj]sk"0f{ Pjd\ Jofj;flos ?kdf ;~rfng ug{ pko'Qm lsl;dsf] sd{rf/L k|zf;g
ljlgodfjnL tof/ u/L of]Uo tyf ;Ifd pRr kbflwsf/Lx?sf] 5gf}6 tyf lgo'lQm ug'{ kg]{5 .
-v_ cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIfsaf6 lgoldt ?kdf cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f u/fpg' kg]{5 . cfGtl/s
n]vfk/LIf0fsf] sfo{ Outsource ug]{ ePdf ;DalGwt ;+:yfn] cfgf] Ps hgf clws[tnfO{ ;Dks{
clws[tsf] lhDd]jf/L tf]Sg' kg]{5 . cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIfsn] sDtLdf q}dfl;s ?kdf cfgf] k|ltj]bg
l;w} n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldlt ;dIf k]z ug]{ Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 . pQm k|ltj]bgdf b]xfosf ljifox? ;d]t
;dfj]z ePsf] x'g' kg]{5M
-c_ cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0fdf ;+nUg hgzlQmsf] ljj/0f .
-cf_ ;f] sfo{ ;DkGg ug{ nfu]sf] sfo{ lbg .
-u_ s'g} Pp6f ;+:yfsf] Internal Audit ;DaGwL sfo{ ug{ lhDd]jf/L tf]lsPsf] JolQm jf ;+:yf tyf ;f]
;+:yfsf ;fem]bf/ jf sd{rf/Ln] ;f] ;+:yfsf] Statutory Audit ;DaGwL sfo{df ;+nUg x'g kfpg]
5}g . To;}u/L s'g} Pp6f ;+:yfsf] Statutory Audit ;DaGwL sfo{ ug{ lhDd]jf/L tf]lsPsf] JolQm jf

181
 ;+:yf tyf ;f] ;+:yfsf ;fem]bf/ jf sd{rf/Ln] ;f] ;+:yfsf] Internal Audit ;DaGwL sfo{df ;+nUg
x'g gkfpg] Joj:yf ;ldltn] ldnfpg\' kg]{5 .
-3_ ;+:yf ;j{;fwf/0fsf] /sd kl/rfng ug]{ ;+:yf ePsf] x'Fbf ;~rfnsx?n] ;+:yfsf] cg'udg tyf
;'kl/j]If0f sfo{ j9L ljj]sk"0f{ / ;Ifd t/Lsfn] ug'{ kg]{5 .
-_ ;+:yfsf sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ clVtof/ k|Tofof]hg u/] klg lghx?sf] lqmofsnfksf] clGtd bfloTj
;~rfnsx?n] g} axg ug'{ kg]{ x'Fbf ;~rfns ;ldltsf] a}7sdf sd{rf/Lx? dfly ul/Psf ;'kl/j]If0f
tyf sf/jfxL ;DaGwL clen]v /fVg' kg]{5 .
-r_ ;+:yfsf] nufgL tyf shf{ gLlt, ;DklQ tyf bfloTj Joj:yfkg, ah]l6, of]hgf / cGo cfjZos
ljifodf lnlvt gLlt tyf of]hgf th'{df u/L sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ kfng ug{ nufpg' kg]{5 .
-5_ ;~rfnsx?n] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] cj:yf Pjd\ ultljlw / Joj:yfkgn] clVtof/ u/]sf gLlt
;DaGwdf lgoldt ?kdf hfgsf/L lnO{ cfjZostf cg';f/ ;'wf/fTds pkfo ckgfpg' kg]{5 .
-h_ ;~rfns ;ldltsf] a}7s k|rlnt sfg'gdf Joj:yf eP cg';f/ a:g' kg]{5 .
-em_ k|rlnt sfg'g / o; a}+saf6 hf/L ePsf gLlt lgb]{zg tyf lgodgsf] kl/kfngf gePdf
;~rfnsx? cfgf] kbaf6 avf{:t ;d]t x'g;Sg] x'gfn] To:tf sfg'g, gLlt lgb]{zg tyf lgodg
ljifodf ;~rfnsx? k"0f{ hfgsf/ x'g'sf ;fy} Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfaf6 To:tf sfg'g, gLlt lgb]{zg
tyf lgodg kfngf eP gePsf] ;DaGwdf lgoldt cg'udg ug'{ kg]{5 .
-`_ ;+:yfsf ;~rfnsx?n] lgIf]kstf{sf] xslxt ljkl/t sfo{ u/]df jf o; a}+sn] dfu u/]sf sfuhftx?
pknAw gu/fPdf g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf !)) adf]lhd To:tf ;~rfns tyf
kbflwsf/LnfO{ nufOPsf] hl/jfgf JolQmut ?kdf ltg'{ kg]{5 . o;/L JolQmut ?kdf lt/]sf] hl/jfgf
/sdnfO{ ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfgf] lx;fjdf vr{ n]vL e'QmfgL lbg kfpg] 5}g .
-6_ a+}s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;+:yfks, ;~rfns jf z"Go bzdnj Ps k|ltzteGbf a9L z]o/ lnPsf]
z]o/wgL tyf lghsf] kl/jf/ ;f]xL ;+:yfsf] :jtGq ;~rfns x'g kfpg] 5}g . :jtGq ;~rfnsn]
wf/0f u/]sf] z]o/ :jfldTj u0fgf ubf{ kl/jf/sf ;a} ;b:ox?n] wf/0f u/]sf] s'n z]o/ ;+VofnfO{
cfwf/ dfGg' kg]{5 .
-7_ k|rlnt sfg'gn] tf]s]sf] cj:yfdf afx]s Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf u}/ sfo{sf/L ;~rfns tyf cGo
;~rfnsx?n] k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[tsf] cg'kl:yltdf k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[tsf] x}l;otn] b}lgs
sfo{;~rfng ug{ kfOg] 5}g . ;fy}, cWoIf tyf ;~rfnsx?n] cfgf] ;+:yfsf] n]6/Kof8 tyf 5fk
k|of]u u/L s'g} klg kqfrf/ ug{ kfOg] 5}g . t/, cWoIfnfO{ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g,
@)&# sf] bkmf @# sf] pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd ;~rfnsn] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] Joj:yfkgsf]
b}lgs sfd sf/jfxLdf x:tIf]k ug'{ x'Fb}g eGg] Joj:yfsf] clwgdf /xL b}lgs sfo{;~rfng;Fu
;DalGwt afx]ssf ljifodf n]6/Kof8 tyf 5fk k|of]u u/L kqfrf/ ug{ eg] o; Joj:yfn] afwf
kg]{5g} .
-8_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] cfgf] ;~rfns ;ldltsf] a}7sdf ;~rfns afx]ssf
;b:ox?nfO{ cfdGq0f u/L ;~rfns ;/x a}7s eQf tyf cGo ;'ljwf k|bfg ug{ kfOg] 5}g . t/ a}+s
tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns ;ldltn] cfjZostf dxz'; u/]df vf;vf; ljifodf 7f]; /fo
k/fdz{sf nflu ljQLo :jfy{ gePsf] lj1 JolQmnfO{ ;~rfns ;ldltsf] a}7sdf cfdGq0f u/L cfjZos
/fok/fdz{ k|fKt u/L ;f] jfkt kfl/>lds k|bfg ug{ eg] of] Joj:yfn] afwf k'ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
-k|i6Ls/0f M o; k|of]hgsf nflu ;~rfns afx]s cGo kbflwsf/Ln] ;~rfns ;+of]hs jf ;b:o
/xg] ;ldltpk;ldltdf a}7s eQf lng kfpg] 5}gg\ . t/, ;lrjfno ;DaGwL sfd ug]{ cGo
kbflwsf/LnfO{ ;ldltn] tf]ls 5'6\6} eQf lbg ;lsg] 5 ._
-9_ a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfdf lgjf{lrtdgf]gog ePsf] k|To]s ;~rfnsn] cfkm" lgjf{lrt jf dgf]lgt ePsf]
ldltn] a9Ldf k}+tL; lbgleq a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)&# sf] bkmf !@& adf]lhd kb tyf
uf]klgotfsf] zky lnO ;Sg' kg]{5 . cWoIfn] ;ky ln+bf s ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?sf]
xsdf ueg{/8]k'6L ueg{/ ;dIf, v ju{sf /fli6o :t/sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?sf] xsdf
8]k'6L ueg{/ jf o; a}+ssf] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefusf sfo{sf/L lgb]{zs ;dIf /
sf7df8f}+ pkTosfleq k|wfg sfof{no /x]sf u ju{sf /fli6o:t/sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?sf]

182
 xsdf o; a}+ssf] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefusf sfo{sf/L lgb]{zs jf lgb]{zs ;dIf /
sf7df8f}+ pkTosf aflx/ k|wfg sfof{no /x]sf afFsL ;Dk"0f{ v tyf u ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt
;+:yfx?sf] xsdf ;DalGwt If]q x]g]{ g]kfn /fi6 a}+s sfof{nosf] lgb]{zs ;dIf kb tyf
uf]klgotfsf] ;ky lng' kg]{5 . To;}u/L, a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns tyf sfo{sf/L k|d'vn]
;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] cWoIf ;dIf / cGo kbflwsf/L tyf sd{rf/Ln] sfo{sf/L k|d'v jf
lghn] tf]s]sf] kbflwsf/L ;dIf lng' kg]{5 . o; Joj:yf adf]lhd ;ky glnPdf ;DalGwt cWoIf,
;~rfns, kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/Lsf] kb :jtM vf/]h x'g]5 .
-0f_ sfo{sf/L k|d'vsf] ;]jf ;'ljwfsf] lgwf{/0f tf]lsPsf] dfu{bz{g cg';f/ ug'{ kg]{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt a+}s
tyf ljQLo ;+:Yffx?sf] nflu a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)&# sf] bkmf !@) df ePsf]
Joj:yf ;d]tsf] cfwf/df Joj:yfkg vr{ Pjd\ sfo{sf/L k|d'vsf] tnj, eQf tyf cGo cfly{s
;'ljwfx? lgwf{/0f ug]{ ;DaGwdf o; a}+sf/f hf/L dfu{bz{gdf plNnlvt dfkb08 cg';f/ ug'{
kg]5{] .
# ;~rfns lzIff sfo{qmd M
-!_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfdf gofF ;~rfns lgo'Qmdgf]lgt eO{ cfP kZrft\ ;DalGwt ;+:yfn] cfkm\gf]
;+/rgf, Joj;fosf] k|s[lt, ;+:yfut ;'zf;g, ;+:yfut /0fgLlt, Joj;flos of]hgf, ;~rfnssf]
st{Jo tyf pt/bfloTj, hf]lvd Joj:yfkgsf ;DaGwdf ckgfOPsf /0fgLlt, ;dli6ut cfly{s
Pjd\ ljQLo cj:yf, jt{dfg sfg"gL Joj:yf, k|rngdf /x]sf a}+ls ;]jf tyf k4lt / o; a}+saf6
hf/L ul/Psf lgb]{zg cflb laifox? ;d]6L Ps dlxgfleq cled'vLs/0f -Orientation_ u/fpg'
kg]{5 .
-@_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] ;du| a}+ls k|0ffnLsf] ;+:yfut ;'zf;g Pjd\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkgsf] u'0f:t/
;'wf/ ug{sf nflu kf/blz{tf (Transparency),v'nf;f (Disclosure), :jfy{sf] G (Conflict of
Interest), cg'kfngf (Compliance) / cGo lgofds lgsfo;Fusf] ;DaGw Pjd\ ;dGjo
nufotsf ljifodf cGt/f{li6o c;n cEof; (International Best Practice) ;d]6L cfkm\gf ;a}
;~rfnsx?nfO{ x/]s jif{ sDtLdf Psk6s cled'vLs/0fk'gtf{huLs/0f u/fpg] Joj:yf ldnfpg'
kg]{5 .
-#_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf ;~rfns ;ldltn] a'Fbf g+= ! / @ df ePsf] Joj:yf ;d]6L ;~rfnssf]
of]Uotf tyf a}ls If]qsf] sfo{ cg'ejsf cfwf/df k|To]s ;~rfnsnfO{ k|bfg ug]{ ;~rfns lzIff
sfo{qmd ;DaGwL sfo{ljlw agfO{ nfu' ug'{ kg]{5 / To:tf] sfo{ljlwsf] !! k|lt a}+s tyf ljQLo
;+:yf lgodg ljefu / ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
$= sfo{sf/L k|d'vsf] lgo'lQm ;DaGwL Joj:yf
-!_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;+Rffns ;ldltn] k|rlnt sfg'g tyf ;+:yfsf] k|aGwkq / lgodfjnLsf]
clwgdf /xL sfo{sf/L k|d'vsf] lgo'lQm ug'{ kg]{5 . o;/L sfo{sf/L k|d'vsf] lgo'lQm ubf{ ;+:yfut
;'zf;g tyf cfGtl/s lgoGq0f Pjd\ ;Gt'ngsf] b[li6sf]0fn] ;~rfns ;ldltsf] cWoIfnfO{ sfo{sf/L
k|d'vsf] ?kdf lgo'Qm ug{ pko'Qm x'g] 5}g .
-@_ sfo{sf/L k|d'vsf] ?kdf lgo'Qm x'g] JolQmdf k|rlnt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL sfg'gdf
plNnlvt of]Uotf tyf cg'ejsf cltl/Qm b]xfosf yk of]Uotf, cg'ej tyf u'0fx? plNnlvt x'g'
kg]{5 .
-s_ a}+ls sf/f]af/sf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ Jofj;flos cg'ej,
-v_ ;+:yfsf] b}lgs sfo{ ;Dkfbgdf cfGtl/s lgoGq0f / k|rlnt sfg'gsf] kl/kfngf ug]{ u/fpg]
;Ifdtf,
-u_ a}+ls jf ljQLo Joj;fosf] pRr txdf sfo{ u/]sf],
-3_ 6f6 gkN6]sf] jf a]OdfgL jf hfn;fhLsf] cf/f]kdf ;hfo gkfPsf],
-_ cfgf] k'j{ sf/f]af/df o; a}+saf6 lgnDjg gul/Psf] jf o; a}+saf6 ePsf] cg';Gwfgdf
z+sf:kb sf/f]af/df ;+nUg egL ls6fg gul/Psf] jf To:tf] lgnDjgjf6 km's'jf ePsf] kfFr
jif{ k'u]sf] jf To:Tff] z+sf:kb sf/f]af/sf] ;+nUgtfaf6 ;kmfO kfPsf],

183
 -r_ sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z gePsf] jf To:tf] ;"rLaf6 k'ms'jf ePsf] ltg jif{ k'u]sf] .
-#_ ;+:yfn] sfo{sf/L k|d'vsf] lgo'lQm ubf{ / ;~rfns ;ldltdf x]/k]m/ x'Fbf o; a}+ssf] a}+s tyf ljQLo
;+:yf lgodg ljefu / ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefunfO{ t'?Gt hfgsf/L lbg' kg]{5 .
-$_ sfo{sf/L k|d'v ;ft lbgeGbf a9L ;do ljbfdf a;]df, b]z aflx/ uPdf jf cfgf] cf]xf]bfsf] sfo{
ug{ g;Sg] ePdf lghsf] :yfgdf sfd ug]{ JolQmsf] gfd o; a}+ssf] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg
ljefu / ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefunfO{ k'j{ hfgsf/L lbg' kg]{5 .
-%_ ;+:yfsf] sfo{;~rfng, sf/f]af/, Jofj;flos of]hgf tyf d'gfkmfl:ylt ;d]tnfO{ b[li6ut u/L
sfo{sf/L k|d'v, cGo kbflwsf/L tyf sd{rf/Lx?sf] tnj tyf ;'ljwf lgwf{/0f ug'{ kg]{5 .
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfaf6 sfo{sf/L k|d'vnfO{ k|bfg ul/g] tnj, eQf, af]g; tyf cGo ;'ljwf
;DaGwL ljj/0f / ;f] ;DaGwdf ePsf] s'g} klg kl/jt{gsf] ljj/0f lgo'Qm ePsf], kl/jt{gsf] lg0f{o
ePsf] / cfly{s jif{ ;dfKt ePsf] Ps dlxgfleq o; a}+ssf] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu
/ ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefunfO{ pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 .
-^_ cf+lzs ?kdf sfd ug{ gx'g]
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf sfo{sf/L k|d'vn] cfk"m sfo{/t ;+:yf afx]s o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt cGo s'g}
klg ;+:yfdf cf+lzs ?kdf sfd ug{' x'Fb}g . t/, o; bkmfn] ;~rfns ;ldltsf] k'j{ :jLs[lt lnO{
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] lxt ljkl/t gx'g] u/L cGo Jofj;flos ultljlwdf ;+nUg x'g eg] aGb]h
nufPsf] dflgg] 5}g . ;+:yfsf] lxtdf k|lts'n c;/ gkg]{ ePdf dfq Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] lghnfO{
To:tf] :jLs[lt lbg ;Sg]5 .
-&_ s'g} a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] sfo{sf/L k|d'v csf{] s'g} Joj;flos ;+:yfdf ;~rfns, sfo{sf/L
k|d'v, cGo kbflwsf/L, sd{rf/L jf cGo s'g} kbdf /xL sfd ug{ kfpg] 5}g . t/ a}+s jf ljQLo
;+:yfn] k"jf{wf/ ljsf; a}+s df nufgL u/]sf] cj:yfdf ;f] ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns x'g o; Joj:yfn]
afwf k'ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
o; k|of]hgsf nflu Joj;flos ;+:yf eGgfn] d'gfkmf cfh{g ug]{ p2]Zo /fvL ;~rflnt s'g} klg
;+:yfnfO{ a'em\g' kg]{5 .
-*_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] r'Qmf k'FhLsf] b]xfo adf]lhd eGbf a9L x'g] u/L z]o/ wf/0f ug]{ z]o/wgL ;f]
;+:yfsf] ;~rfns kb afx]s sfo{sf/L k|d'v nufot s'g} klg txsf] sd{rf/L kbdf lgo'Qm x'g
of]Uo x'g] 5}g . of] lgb]{zg hf/L xF'bfsf avt s'g} JolQm ;+:yfsf] sfo{sf/L k|d'v kbdf axfn /x]sf]
eP ljBdfg sfo{sfnsf] afFsL cjlw k'/f ug{ eg] afwf k'u]sf] dflgg] 5}g .
s ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf r'Qmf k'FhLsf] ! k|ltzt jf ;f]eGbf a9L
v ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf r'Qmf k'FhLsf] @ k|ltzt jf ;f]eGbf a9L
u ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf r'Qmf k'FhLsf] % k|ltzt jf ;f]eGbf a9L
-(_ lhNnf:t/df s]Gb|Lo sfof{no jf skf]{/]6 sfof{no /x]sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf sfo{sf/L k|d'v
sfof{no sfdsf] l;nl;nfdf afx]s ;f]xL sfof{nodf lgoldt pkl:yt x'g' kg]{5 .
-!)_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf sfo{sf/L k|d'v nuftf/ b'O{ k6seGbf a9L pQm kbdf
lgjf{lrt, dgf]lgt jf lgo'Qm x'g g;Sg] u/L ;DalGwt ;+:yfn] cfkm\gf] lgodfjnLdf Joj:yf ug'{kg]{
5 . of] lgb]{zg hf/L x'Fbf s'g} a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] lgodfjnLdf ;f] Joj:yf gePsf] eP
cfufdL ;fwf/0f ;efn] ;f] ;DaGwL k|:tfj kfl/t u/L lgodfjnL ;+zf]wg ug'{kg]{ 5 .
-!!_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf]] k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t kb l/Qm ePsf] tLg dlxgfleq clgjfo{ ?kdf
kbk"lt{ ul/;Sg' kg]{5 . To;}u/L Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] Joj:yfksLo kb egL tf]s]sf kbx? ;d]t
l/Qm ePsf] tLg dlxgfleq clgjfo{ ?kdf kbk"lt{ ul/;Sg' kg]{5 . ;DalGwt ;+:yfn] ;f]xL
adf]lhdsf] Joj:Yff cfgf] sd{rf/L ;]jf ljlgodfjnLdf ;d]t pNn]v ug'{kg]{5 .
t/, Ps cfk;df ufEg]ufleg] jf k|fKtLsf] k|lqmofdf /x]sf a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfx? aLr
ufEg]ufleg] jf k|fKtL ug]{ ;DjGwdf o; a}+saf6 ;}4flGts ;xdlt lbO;lsPsf] cj:yfdf o;
a}+ssf] :jLs[lt lnO{ k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[tsf] lgo'lQmsf] ;dofjwL yk ug{ ;lsg]5 .

184
 -!@_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns ;ldltn] k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[tnfO{ lgo'Qm ug]{ l;nl;nfdf
kfl/>lds / cGo ;'ljwf nufotsf laifodf s/f/ ;Demf}tf ubf{ ;f] ;Demf}tfdf ;]jf ;'ljwf ;DaGwL
zt{x? ls6fgL u/L :ki6 ?kdf pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 . ;+:yfnfO{ ljQLo ef/ kg]{ ;]jf ;'ljwf ;DaGwL zt{x?
pNn]v ubf{ k|rlnt sfg"gL Joj:yf jf ljlgodfjnLsf] Joj:yf adf]lhd x'g] egL lljwfo'Qm / cg]sfyL{
zAb k|of]u u/L s/f/ ;Demf}tf ug{ kfOg] 5}g . ;+:yfs} sd{rf/Lx?dWo]af6 k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t
kbdf lgo'Qm ePsf] cj:yfdf lghn] vfOkfO cfPsf] ;]jf ;'ljwf kfpg] eP ;f] ;d]t s/f/gfdfdf
pNn]v ug'{kg]{5 . ;fy}, of] Joj:yf x'g' cufj} ul/Psf ;Demf}tfx?sf ;DaGwdf ;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo
;+:yfn] o;} Joj:yf adf]lhd x'g] u/L ;fljs ;Demf}tfdf tbg'?kn] ;+zf]wg kl/dfh{g ug'{ kg]{5 .
%= sd{rf/Lx?n] kfngf ug'{ kg]{ cfr/0f ;DaGwL Joj:yf M
-!_ sd{rf/Lx?n] b]xfo adf]lhdsf Go'gtd :jLsf/of]Uo cfr/0fsf] :t/ sfod ug'{ kg]{5 M
-s_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf sd{rf/Lx?n] o; a}+sn] hf/L u/]sf] cfr/0f ;DaGwL Joj:yf kfngf
ug]{ jrgj4tf ;lxt x:tfIf/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
-v_ cfgf] dftxtsf sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ cfr/0fsf] ljifodf lgb]{zg lbg] / hfgsf/L lng] pQ/bfloTj
ljefuLo k|d'vx?sf] x'g]5 . sd{rf/Ln] cg'zf;g jf lgod pNn+3g u/]df To;sf] k|ltj]bg
;DalGwt ljefuLo k|d'vn] sd{rf/L k|zf;g ljefunfO{ pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 / k|zf;g ljefun]
pQm k|ltj]bgsf] clen]v ;'kl/j]If0fsf] qmddf o; a}+ssf] ;'kl/j]If0f 6f]nLnfO{ pknAw u/fpg'
kg]{5 .
-@_ sd{rf/Lx?n] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] lxt ljkl/tsf b]xfosf ultljlwdf ;+nUg x'g kfOg] 5}g M
-s_ sd{rf/Lx? k|ToIf jf ck|ToIf ?kdf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] lxt ljkl/t x'g] s'g} klg
lsl;dsf] ultljlwdf ;+nUg x'g' x'Fb}g .
-v_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] sd{rf/L cfgf] ljQLo :jfy{ /x]sf] u|fxs;Fusf] sf/f]af/df k|ToIf jf
ck|ToIf ?kdf ;+nUg x'g' x'Fb}g .
-u_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf sd{rf/Lsf] cfgf u|fxs;Fu ;]o/ :jfldTj, ;fe]mbf/, C0f lng] jf
lbg] cflb s'g} lsl;dsf] ljQLo :jfy{ ufFl;Psf] 5 eg] lghn] cfgf lgs6td ;'kl/j]IfsnfO{
tTsfn} To; s'/fsf] hfgsf/L lbg' kg]{5 .
t/, lgs6td ;'kl/j]Ifsn] lghsf] ljQLo :jfy{ ufFl;Psf] 5 egL k|dfl0ft gu/];Dd ;fj{hlgs
?kdf lgisfzg ul/Psf ;]o/C0fkqx?sf] sf/f]af/sf] xsdf o; lsl;dsf] k|ltaGw nfu" x'g]
5}g .
-3_ cfk"m sfo{/t /x]sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] cltl/Qm cGo s'g} klg :yfgdf k"0f{sfnLg ?kdf
Joj;fo ;~rfng ug'{ x'Fb}g .
-#_ cf+lzs ?kdf sfd ug{ :jLs[lt lng' kg]{
sd{rf/Ln] ;f] ;++:yf afx]s cGo s'g} klg ;+:yfdf cf+lzs ?kdf sfd ug{' jf cGo Jofj;flos
ultljlwdf ;+nUg x'g'eGbf klxn] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] Joj:yfkgaf6 lnlvt :jLs[lt lng' kg]{5 .
cfgf] ;+:yfsf] lxtdf k|lts'n c;/ gkg]{ ePdf dfq lghnfO{ cf+lzs ?kdf sfd ug{ lnlvt :jLs[lt
lbg ;Sg]5 .
-$_ sd{rf/L ;~rfns x'g kfpg] jf gkfpg] ;DaGwL Joj:yf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf jf To:tf] ;+:yfsf] clwsf+z :jfldTj jf lgoGq0fdf /x]sf] ;+:yfsf] axfnjfnf
sd{rf/L s'g} klg Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns;Nnfxsf/ x'g kfpg] 5}g .
t/, b]xfo adf]lhd x'g o; lgb]{zgn] afwf k'ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g M
-s_ k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] :yfkgf u/]sf] ;xfos sDkgLx?sf] ;~rfns
x'g,
-v_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] nufgL ePsf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] csf]{ s'g} Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf
nufgL u/]sf] sf/0fn] To:tf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf ;~rfns dgf]gog ug'{ kbf{ g]kfn

185
 ;/sf/sf] :jLs[lt lnO{ cfgf] s'g} sd{rf/L To:tf] csf]{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;~rfnsdf
dgf]gog x'g, jf
-u_ gfkmf sdfpg] p2]Zo gePsf ;fdflhs ;]jfdf ;+nUg ;+:yfx? h:t}M wfld{s, ;f+:s[lts,
z}lIfs, k/f]ksf/L h:tf ;+:yfx?sf] lgodsf] kl/lwleq /xL ;~rfns x'g .
-%_ ;+/Ifssf] x}l;otdf /xg gx'g]
sd{rf/Lx?n] u|fxssf] hdLg tyf hfoh]yf ;DaGwL sf/f]af/df k|zf;s jf ;+/Ifssf] x}l;otn] ;+nUg x'g'
x'Fb}g . t/ sy+sbflrt o:tf] sfo{df ;+nUg x'g' k/]df sfo{sf/L k|d'vaf6 To;sf] lnlvt :jLs[lt lng'
kg]{5 .
-^_ kbsf] b'?kof]u ug{ gx'g]
sd{rf/Ln] cfgf] kb / gfd b'?kof]u u/L s'g} klg lsl;dsf] JolQmut kmfObf x'g] lqmofsnfkdf ;+nUg
x'g kfOg] 5}g . sd{rf/L jf lghsf gft]bf/n] ;d]t lghx? axfn /x]sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf;Fu
sf/f]af/ ubf{ kfl/jfl/s ;DaGwsf] k|efj kfg{ kfOg] 5}g . ;fy}, ;fdfgx?sf] vl/b laqmL ubf{, ;]o/
nufot cGo k||Tofe"lt sf/f]af/df k|fyldstf kfpg jf lbgsf nflu kbsf] pkof]u ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
o;}u/L ;'g, rfFbL, ljb]zL ljlgdo / ljb]zL ;'/If0fkqx?sf] ;fkf ubf{ kbLo k|efj kfg{ kfOg] 5|}g .
-&_ ;'rgfsf] b'?kof]u ug{ gx'g]
sd{rf/Ln] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] sf/f]af/sf] l;nl;nfdf k|fKt s'g} klg ;'rgfsf] b'?kof]u ug{
tyf s'g} klg ;'rLs[t ePsf] sDkgL jf ;'rLs[t x'g afFsL /x]sf] sDkgLsf] lwtf]kq Joj;foLsf]
?kdf sf/f]af/df ;+nUg x'g kfOg] 5}g . lghx?n]] sfdsf] l;nl;nfdf afx]s cfk"m dftxtsf
sd{rf/LnfO{ ;d]t uf]Ko /fVg' kg]{ ;'rgf tyf clen]vsf] hfgsf/L lbg' x'Fb}g .
-*_ clen]v / sf/f]af/sf] k|ltj]bg /fVg' kg]{
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] n]vf ;DaGwL clen]v / k|ltj]bg k"0f{ Pjd\ b'?:t x'g'kg]{5 . sd{rf/Ln]
cgflws[t ?kdf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] n]vf clen]v / sfuhftdf JolQmut ?kdf yk36 ug{
kfOg] 5}g . o:tf] u/]df lgh sd{rf/L k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd ;hfosf] efuLbf/ x'g]5 .
-(_ uf]klgotf sfod /fVg' kg]{
-s_ sd{rf/Ln] k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd u|fxssf] ;'rgf / u|fxs;Fu ePsf] sf/f]af/sf] uf]kgLotf
sfod /fVg' kg]{5 . lgh ;]jfaf6 lgj[Q eO;s]kl5 klg To:tf] sf/f]af/sf] uf]klgotf -
k|ltlnkL clwsf/, cGo kqfrf/, n]vf / u|fxs;Fu ePsf] cGo sf/f]af/sf] ljj/0f_ cfgf] jf
c? s;}sf] ljQLo :jfy{sf] nflu k|of]u ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
-v_ s'g} u|fxssf] Jofj;flos jf ljQLo ;'rgf u|fxssf] lnlvt :jLs[lt lnP/ cGo JolQm jf
;+:yfnfO{ lbg ;lsg] 5 .
t/, k|rlnt sfg'gsf] clwgdf /xL a}+ls sf/f]af/ ;DaGwL ljj/0fx? t];|f] kIfnfO{ pknAw
u/fpFbf uf]kgLotf e+u ePsf] dflgg] 5}g .
-!)_ lgikIf / ;dfg Jojxf/ ug'{ kg]{
sd{rf/Lx?n] u|fxs;Fusf] ldqtf / ;DaGwaf6 k|efljt geO{ lgikIf Pjd\ ;dfgtfsf] cfwf/df
Jofj;flos sf/f]af/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
-!!_ lnlvt ?kdf hfgsf/L lbg' kg]{
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] dfly n]lvP adf]lhdsf] sd{rf/Ln] cfr/0f ;DaGwL Joj:yf :jLsf/ u/]sf] tyf
cfjZos b]v]df cfgf] cfGtl/s sfo{ k|0ffnLsf] nflu yk cfr/0f ;DaGwL Joj:yf tof/ u/L ;f]
:jLsf/ u/]sf] hfgsf/L o; a}+ssf] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu / ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f
ljefunfO{ lnlvt ?kdf hfgsf/L lbg' kg]{5 .
-!@_ cfr/0f ;DaGwL Joj:yf kfngf ePgePsf] hfgsf/L lbg' kg]{
sd{rf/Ln] o; lgb]{zgdf tf]lsPsf cfr/0fx? clgjfo{ ?kdf kfngf u/] gu/]sf] ljj/0f cfly{s jif{
;dfKt ePsf] !% lbgleq clgjfo{ ?kdf o; a}+ssf] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu /

186
 ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf k7fpg' kg]{5 . s'g} sd{rf/Ln] pQm cfr/0fx?sf] kfngf gu/]df ;f]
;DaGwL ljj/0f / lghdfly ul/Psf] sf/jfxL af/]sf] hfgsf/L o; a}+ssf pko'{Qm ljefudf t'?Gt
k7fpg' kg]{5 .
-!#_ sd{rf/LnfO{ shf{ k|bfg ug]{ ;DaGwdf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] cfgf sd{rf/LnfO{ sd{rf/L ljlgodfjnLdf plNnlvt
;fk6L;'ljwfsf cltl/Qm cfg} jf cGo s'g} a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfdf /flvPsf] d'2lt /l;b, ;'grfFbL tyf
g]kfn ;/sf/g]kfn /fi6 a}+sn] hf/L u/]sf] C0fkqart kqsf] lwtf]df shf{ k|bfg ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-!$_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf ;+:yfks jf ;~rfnssf Psf3/ kl/jf/sf ;b:o jf ! k|ltzt eGbf sd
;+:yfks ;]o/ wf/0f ug]{ ;]o/wgLn] ;f]xL ;+:yfdf sd{rf/Lsf] ?kdf sfo{ u/]sf] cj:yfdf To:tf] sd{rf/L
s'g} klg sd{rf/L o'lgogsf] kbflwsf/L eO{ sfo{ ug'{ x'Fb}g .
-!%_ s'g} klg a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf / C0f c;"nL Gofoflws/0f nufot cGo lgsfox?af6 ul/g] lnnfd
a9fa9 nufot C0f c;"nL ;DjGwL sfo{x?df ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf sd{rf/L k|ToIf jf
ck|ToIf ?kdf ;xefuL x'g kfpg] 5}gg\ . a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] cfkm\gf] sd{rf/L ;]jf ljlgodfjnLdf
;d]t ;f]xL cg'?k kl/dfh{g ug'{kg]{5 .
-!^_ Job Specification / Know Your Employee ;DaGwdf
;~rfng hf]lvd -Operational Risk_ Go'gLs/0fsf nflu Ohfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yfn] zfvf k|d'v
nufot Joj:Yffkg txsf kbflwsf/LnfO{ lhDd]jf/L ;'Dkbf lglZrt of]Uotf tyf cg'ej k'u]sfx?af6
sfo{;Dkfbg x'g] u/L :ki6 sfo{ljj/0f -Job Specification_ tof/ u/L nfu" ug'{ kg]{5 / sd{rf/L
;DaGwL ljj/0f lgoldt ?kdf cBfalws u/L clen]v /fVg'kg]{5 .
^= sd{rf/L bIftf clea[l4 ;DaGwdf M
Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] cfkm\gf sd{rf/Lx?sf]] bIftf clej[l4sf nflu k|To]s jif{ s'n
sd{rf/L vr{sf] Go"gtd # k|ltzt /sd tflnd tyf j[lQ ljsf;df vr{ ug'{ kg]{5 . o:tf] vr{ ubf{
lgDgfg';f/sf zt{x? kfngf ug'{ kg]{5 M
-s_ tflnd tyf j[lQ ljsf; vr{sf] u0fgf ubf{ ut jif{sf] s'n sd{rf/L vr{nfO{ cfwf/ lng' kg]{5 .
-v_ tflnd tyf j[lQ ljsf; vr{af6 ;+:yfsf ;a} sd{rf/Lx?n] bIftf clej[l4df ;dfg cj;/ k|fKt
ug]{ u/L cfjZos Joj:Yff ldnfpg' kg]{5 .
-u_ ;~rfns ;ldltsf cWoIf, ;~rfns / k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[tsf] ljb]z e|d0f ;DaGwL s'g} klg
vr{ / cfkm\gf] ;+:yfsf] tkm{af6 k|ltlglwTj ub}{ ;ef jf ;Dd]ngdf ;xefuL x'Fbfsf] k|ltlglw
d08nsf] vr{ o; cGtu{t ;dfj]z ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
-3_ k|fylds a}ls sfo{ (Core Banking Functions) ;Fu k|ToIf ;DalGwt a9Ldf tLg dlxgf;Ddsf]
:jb]zL jf ljb]zL tflnd tyf uf]i7L ;DaGwL vr{ ;dfj]z ug{ kfOg]5 .
-_ tflnddf dgf]lgt;xefuL x'Fbf a}+ssf] lgodfg';f/ nfUg] vr{ o; cGtu{t ;dfj]z ug{ kfOg]5 .
-5_ tflnd k|bfos ;+:yfsf] 5g}f6 ubf{ To:tf] ;+:yfsf] Voflt, k|lti7f / ljZj;gLotfnfO{ cfwf/ agfpg'
kg]{5 .
-h_ :jb]zL tflnd tyf uf]i7Lsf] xsdf /fli6o :t/sf a}+ls tflnd k|bfos ;+:yfx? h:t}M g]zgn
a}+ls OlG:6Ro"6, g]kfn rf6{8\ PsfpG6]G6; ;+:yf, g]kfn /fi6 a}+s, g]kfn ;/sf/n] cfof]hgf u/]sf
tflnd tyf uf]i7L, cg'lzIf0f sfo{qmd, ;]ldgf/ cflbdf ;xefuL u/fpFbf nfUg] vr{ tyf ;+:yf
cfkm}n] tflnd ;~rfng ubf{ nfUg] vr{nfO{ tflnd tyf j[lQ ljsf; vr{df ;dfj]z ug{ kfOg]5 .
;fy}, a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] cfg} cfjf;Lo tflnd s]Gb| dfkm{t\ tflnd ;~rfng ubf{ nfUg]
vr{x? o; cGtu{t ;dfj]z ug{ kfOg]5 .
-em_ syd sbflrt\ rfn' cfly{s jif{ @)&#&$ df sd{rf/Lx?sf]] bIftf clej[l4df tf]lsP cg';f/ vr{
x'g g;s]df To:tf] afFsL /sdnfO{ sd{rf/Lsf]] bIftf clej[l4 sf]ifdf hDdf u/L cfufdL cfly{s jif{
@)&$&% df vr{ ug{' kg]{5 .

187
 -`_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf ;~rfns ;ldltn] sd{rf/Lx?sf]] bIftf clej[l4 ;DaGwdf sfo{ljlw agfO{
nfu' ug'{ kg]{5 / To:tf] sfo{ljlwsf] !! k|lt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu / ;DalGwt
;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
&= cfGtl/s ;ldltpk;ldlt ;DaGwL Joj:yf
-!_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)&# sf] bkmf @@, @^, @&, ^) / ^! df ePsf] Joj:yf
cg';f/ ;~rfns ;ldltn] cfgf] hjfkmb]xLdf b]xfo adf]lhd x'g] u/L ;ldltpk;ldlt u7g u/L
sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ ;d]t tf]Sg' kg]{5M .
-s_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] cfgf] sfd sf/jfxLnfO{ k|efjsf/L ?kdf ;~rfng ug{ ;~rfnssf]
;+of]hsTjdf b]xfosf ;ldlt jf pk;ldlt dfq u7g ug{ ;Sg]5 .
n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldlt
hf]lvd Joj:yfkg ;ldlt
sd{rf/L ;]jf ;'ljwf ;ldlt
;DklQ z'4Ls/0f lgjf/0f ;DaGwL ;ldlt
-v_ v08 -s_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtf klg s'g} vf; k|of]hgsf] nflu ;do tf]sL u}/
sfo{sf/L ;~rfnssf] ;+of]hsTjdf pk;ldlt u7g ug{ eg] afwf k'u]sf] dfgLg] 5}g .
-u_ ;~rfns ;ldltsf cWoIf ;~rfns ;ldlt afx]s cGo s'g} klg cfGtl/s ;ldlt jf pk
;ldltdf ;dfj]z x'g kfpg] 5}g .
-3_ v08 -s_ adf]lhd ;ldlt u7g ubf{ n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldltdf # hgf / cGo ;ldltdf
cfjZostf cg';f/ cfdGq0f ul/g] ljz]if1 JolQm ;lxt sDtLdf # b]lv a9Ldf % hgf;Dd
;b:o x'g ;Sg]5g\ .
-_ ;DalGwt ;+:yfn] ;a} ;~rfnsx?sf] of]Uotf / cg'ej v'n]sf] Profile tof/ u/L ;f]sf]
cfwf/df ;~rfnsx?nfO{ pko'Qm ;ldltdf /fVg] Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 .
-r_ pko{'Qm adf]lhd # j6f ;ldlt sfod x'g] u/L o; a}+saf6 kl/kq hf/L x'g' eGbf cufl8
ljleGg ljlgodfjnLx?df ePsf] Joj:yf cg';f/ ;~rfnsx?n] k|ltlglwTj ug]{ u/L u7g
ePsf ;ldltnfO{ Joj:yfkg cGtu{t u7g ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg' kg]{5 .
-5_ ;ldltsf ;b:ox?sf] a}7s eQf ;~rfns ;ldltsf ;b:on] kfpg] a}7s eQf eGbf a9L
gx'g] u/L tf]Sg' kg]{] 5 .
-h_ gfoj sfo{sf/L k|d'v kbdf a9'jf jf gofF kbk"lt{ k|lqmofaf6 lgo'lQm ubf{ sfo{sf/L k|d'vsf]
l;kmfl/;df ;ldltn] ug'{kg]{5 . gfoj sfo{sf/L k|d'v eGbf tNnf] txsf sd{rf/Lsf] a9'jf jf
gofF kbk"lt ubf{{ gfoj sfo{sf/L k|d'vsf] ;+of]hsTjdf ul7t kbk"lt{ ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/;df
sfo{sf/L k|d'vn] ug]{5 .
t/, gfoj sfo{sf/L k|d'v eGbf lgs6t\d tNnf] jf gfoj sfo{sf/L k|d'v ;dfg kbdf a9'jf
ubf{ sfo{sf/L k|d'vsf] l;kmfl/;df ;+:yfsf] sd{rf/L ljlgodfjnLdf ePsf Joj:yfsf]
clwgdf /xL ;+rfns ;ldltn] ug'{ kg]{5 .
-em_ Pp6f ;ldltdf ;+of]hs /x]sf] ;~rfns csf]{ ;ldltdf ;+of]hs x'g kfpg] 5}g .
-`_ cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f ljefusf k|d'v / sd{rf/Lx?sf] sfo{;Dkfbg d"Nofg qmdzM
n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldltn] / n]vfk/LIf0f ljefusf k|d'vn] ug]{ u/fpg] Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldlt ;DaGwL Joj:yf M
;~rfns ;ldltn] u}/ sfo{sf/L ;~rfnssf] dftxtdf Pp6f n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldlt u7g ug'{ kg]{5 .
;f] ;ldltsf] ;b:o;lrj cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f ljefusf] k|d'v x'g]5 . ;f] ;ldltn] ;+:yfsf] cfly{s
cj:yfsf] ;dLIff, cfGtl/s lgoGq0f, n]vfk/LIf0f ;DaGwL sfo{qmd / n]vfk/LIf0fsf] kl/0ffd
;DaGwdf lj:t[t 5nkmn u/L Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] Joj:yfkgnfO{ cfjZos lgb]{zg lbg]5 .
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf cfGtl/s / afx\o n]vfkl/Ifsx?n] ;f] ;ldltdf l;w} kx'Fr /fVg ;Sg]5g\ .
lghx?n] k]z ug]{ k|ltj]bg / o; ;ldltsf] k|ltj]bg pk/ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns

188
 ;ldltn] lj:t[t 5nkmn ug'{ kg]{5 . Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf u7g x'g] n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldltdf
sfo{sf/L k|d'vnfO{ ;b:osf] ?kdf /fVg kfOg] 5}g t/ cfjZostf k/]sf] cj:yfdf cfdlGqt
;b:osf] ?kdf af]nfpg afwf k'u]sf] dflgg] 5}g .
;ldltsf] k|d'v pQ/bfloTj
-s_ k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;du| ljQLo cj:yf, cfGtl/s lgoGq0f,
n]vfk/LIf0f of]hgf / cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0fdf cf}+NofOPsf ljifox?df cfjlws ?kdf ;dLIff
u/L ;f] ;DaGwdf ckgfpg' kg]{ sbd af/] Joj:yfkgnfO{ cfjZos lgb]{zg lbg] / ;f] ;DaGwL
;'emfj ;~rfns ;ldltdf k]z ug]{ .
-v_ afx\o n]vfkl/Ifsn] k]z u/]sf] n]vfk/LIf0f k|ltj]bgdf cf}+NofOPsf a'Fbfs}lkmotx? pk/
;dLIff u/L ;'wf/fTds sbd rfNg Joj:yfkgnfO{ lgb]{zg lbg] .
-u_ g]kfn /fi6 a}+saf6 lg/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0f u/L k|ltj]bgdf cf}NofOPsf a'Fbfs}lkmotx?sf]
sfof{Gjog ePgePsf] ;DaGwdf ;dLIff ug]{ tyf tL ljifox?sf] clen]v u/L ;~rfns
;ldltnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg] .
-3_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] jflif{s ljQLo ljj/0fnfO{ ;xL / oyfy{ agfpg Joj:yfkgnfO{
;xof]u ug]{ .
-_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] sf/f]af/sf] x/lx;fj ;xL / oyfy{ ePsf] ;DaGwdf ;~rfns
;ldltnfO{ ljZj:t t'Nofpg'sf] ;fy} ;Defljt bfloTj / shf{ juL{s/0f u/L ;f]sf] nflu /fVg'
kg]{ Joj:yf ;DaGwdf lgoldt ?kdf ;dLIff ug]{ .
-r_ k|rlnt sfg'g tyf g]kfn /fi6 a}+saf6 hf/L ul/Psf lgodg Joj:yfx? kfngf u/]gu/]sf]
;DaGwdf ;ldltn] ;dLIff ug'{sf ;fy} ;f] ;DaGwL Aoxf]/f cfgf] k|ltj]bgdf pNn]v ug'{ kg]{ .
-5_ cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f ;DaGwL lj:t[t sfo{ k|0ffnL tof/ u/L ;f]sf] cfwf/df cfGtl/s
n]vfk/LIf0f u/fpg' kg]{ .
-h_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] sfd sf/jfxLdf lgoldttf, ldtJolotf, cf}lrTotf, k|efjsfl/tf
h:tf s'/fx? cjnDag ePgePsf] af/] ;dLIff u/L ;~rfns ;ldltnfO{ cfjZos ;'emfj
lbg] .
-em_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] q}dfl;s ljQLo ljj/0fsf] ;dLIff u/L ;~rfns ;ldlt ;dIf
k|ltj]bg k]z ug]{ .
-`_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)&# sf] bkmf ^! / sDkgL P]g, @)^# sf] bkmf !^% df
pNn]v ePsf sfo{x? ug]{ .
-#_ ;~rfns ;ldltn] sd{rf/L Joj:yfkg / ;]jf ;'ljwf ;ldlt tyf hf]lvd Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf] sfo{
ljj/0f o;} lgb]{zgsf] qmdzM cg';"rL ^=! / cg';"rL ^=@ df plNnlvt sfo{ ljj/0fnfO{ cfwf/
dfgL tf]lslbg' kg]{5 .
*= cfgf ;~rfns, ;+:yfks, k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t, ;]o/wgL, lwtf] d"Nofgstf{, n]vfk/LIfs, sfg"gL
;Nnfxsf/, sd{rf/L Pjd\ lgh;Fu ;DalGwt kmd{nfO{ shf{ k|bfg ug{ aGb]h ;DaGwL Joj:yf M
-s_ b]xfosf cj:yfdf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf ;~rfnsnfO{ shf{ ;fk6Lu}/ sf]ifdf cfwfl/t ;'ljwf
k|bfg ug{ aGb]h ul/Psf] 5 M
-!_ ;~rfns / lghsf] Psf3/ kl/jf/sf ;b:onfO{,
-@_ ;~rfns jf lghsf] Psf3/ kl/jf/sf ;b:o Joj:yfks, ;fe]mbf/, Ph]G6 jf hdfgtstf{
ePsf] jf lghsf] k|ToIf ljQLo :jfy{ ePsf] JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfnfO{,
-#_ ;~rfns jf lghsf Psf3/ kl/jf/sf ;b:on] !) k|ltzteGbf a9L ;]o/ lnPsf] kmd{,
sDkgLnfO{ / ;+:yfnfO{,
-$_ ;~rfns jf lghsf Psf3/ kl/jf/sf ;b:o hdfgt a;]sf] JolQm, kmd{ sDkgLnfO{ jf
;+:yfnfO{ .

189
 -v_ b]xfosf cj:yfdf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf ;+:yfks, ;]o/wgL, n]vfk/LIfs, sfg"gL ;Nnfxsf/ tyf
sd{rf/LnfO{ shf{ tyf u}/sf]ifdf cfwfl/t ;'ljwf k|bfg ug{ aGb]h ul/Psf] 5 M
-!_ ;+:yfks jf ;+:yfks ;d'xsf ;]o/wgL jf r'Qmf k'FhLsf] s'n ;]o/sf] Ps k|ltzteGbf a9L
;]o/ lnPsf ;]o/wgL tyf lghsf kl/jf/sf ;b:o / sd{rf/LnfO{,
-@_ ;+:yfks, Ps k|ltzt jf ;f]eGbf a9L ;]o/ lnPsf JolQmkmd{sDkgL;+:yf, sfo{sf/L
k|d'v, axfnjfnf n]vfkl/Ifs, sfg"gL ;Nnfxsf/ tyf sd{rf/L jf To:tf JolQmsf] kl/jf/sf
;b:o jf ;~rfns dgf]lgt jf lgo'lQm ug]{ clwsf/ kfPsf kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfnfO{ ,
t/, ljutdf s'n r'Qmf k'FhLsf] Ps k|ltzt eGbf sd ;]o/ wf/0f u/]sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt
;+:yfsf ;+:yfks jf ;+:yfks ;d'xsf ;]o/wgLnfO{ k|bfg ePsf] shf{ tyf u}/ sf]ifdf
cfwfl/t ;'ljwfsf] lj:t[t ljj/0f jfli{fs ljQLo ljj/0fdf v'nfpg' kg]{5 .
-#_ r'Qmf k'FhLsf] ;]o/sf] Ps k|ltzteGbf a9L ;]o/ lnPsf] ;]o/wgL / Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf
sd{rf/L ;fem]bf/ ePsf] jf hdfgt a;]sf] jf cGo lsl;dsf] ljQLo :jfy{ ePsf] JolQm,
kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfnfO{,
-$_ o; a}+sn] lgb]{zg lbPsf]df afx]s Ps k|ltzt eGbf a9L ;]o/ wf/0f u/]sf ;]o/wgL /
sd{rf/Ln] bz k|ltzteGbf a9L ;]o/ lnO{ dtflwsf/ lnPsf] kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfnfO{,
-u_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf ;+:yfks, ;~rfns, sfo{sf/L k|d'v / lghsf] kl/jf/sf ;b:ox?sf]
:jfldTjdf /x]sf] ;DklQsf] lwtf]df ;f]xL ;+:yfaf6 lwtf] /fvL shf{ k|jfx ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
t/, Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] cfg} d'2lt lgIf]k /l;b / zt k|ltzt gub dflh{gdf hdfgt hf/L
ug{ tyf g]kfn ;/sf/ tyf g]kfn /fi6 a}+s C0fkqsf] lwtf]df shf{ k|bfg ug{ o; v08df ePsf]
s'g} klg Joj:yfn] afwf k'ofpg] 5}g .
-3_ sfo{sf/L k|d'v / Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] sd{rf/L
ljlgodfjnL cg';f/ ;'ljwfo'Qm ;fk6L k|bfg ug{ of] lgb]{zgn] afwf k'ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
pko{'Qm Joj:yfsf cltl/Qm ;/sf/sf] 3f]lift p2]Zo k'/f ug{ :yfkgf ePsf ljsf;d"ns ;+:yf jf
sDkgLnfO{ shf{ k|bfg ug{ o; a}+sn] 5'6 lbg ;Sg]5 .
-_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfgf] ;+:yfsf] ;+:yfks;~rfnssd{rf/L tyf lghsf] Psf3/ kl/jf/sf]
;b:osf] r]s vl/b ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
-r_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] shf{ k|jfxsf qmddf lwtf] d'Nof+sg ug{sf nflu tof/ u/]sf] ;"rLdf /x]sf
lwtf] d"Nofgstf{nfO{ shf{ ;fk6Lu}/ sf]ifdf cfwfl/t ;'ljwf k|bfg ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
-5_ pk/f]Qmsf] Joj:yf cg'kfngf ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu Ohfhtk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] ;Da4
kIfx? -Related Parties_ sf] ;"rL tof/ ug'{kg]{5 .
(= cfrf/;+lxtf tyf ;'zf;g ;DaGwL Joj:yf
!= Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] ;d]t ;'zf;g sfod ug]{ sfo{df e'ldsf /x]sf] x'Fbf
;'zf;g P]gsf] efjgf cg';f/ cfcfgf] ;+:yfdf cfrf/;+lxtf lgdf{0f u/L nfu" ug'{ kg]{5 .
@= cfcfgf] ;+:yfdf ;'zf;g OsfO u7g u/L ;'zf;gsf] l:yltaf/] dfl;s ?kdf cg'udg ub}{ hfg'
kg]{5 .
#= o; a}+ssf] lg/LIf0f k|ltj]bgdf p7fOPsf laifox?nfO{ tbf?stfsf ;fy sfof{Gjog ug'{ kg]{5 .
!)= :jM3f]if0ff ;DaGwL Joj:yf
-s_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf ;~rfnsx?n] cfgf] af/]df o;};fy ;+nUg :j3f]if0ff -Self-Declaration_
u/]u/fPsf] ljj/0f -cg';"rL ^=#_ ;lxtsf] hfgsf/L tyf ;DalGwt ;+:yfn] cfgf ;~rfnsx?sf]
;DaGwdf tof/ u/]sf] btf{nut lstfasf] 9fFrf -cg';"rL ^=$_ ;lxtsf] ljj/0f o; a}+sdf k]z
ug'{ kg]{5 .
-v_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] cfgf] ;+:yfsf] ;~rfnsn] cfkm" jf cfgf] kl/jf/sf ;b:o tyf cfgf] jf
kl/jf/sf] :jfldTjdf /x]sf] kmd{sDkgLsf] gfddf ljleGg a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?af6 lnPsf] shf{

190
 ;DaGwL :j3f]if0ff ljj/0f jflif{s ?kdf cfly{s jif{ ;dfKt ePsf] ldltn] #% lbgleq ;~rfns
;ldltdf k]z u/L cBfjlws u/L /fVg' kg]{5 .
!!= Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:Yffx?n] cfgf] lgodfjnLdf tf]lsP adf]lhd ;~rfns ;ldltsf] cWoIf, ;~rfns,
j}slNks ;~rfns a}7sdf pkl:yt eP afkt kfpg] a}7s eQf, ;~rfns sfo{sf/L eO{ sfo{ u/]df
kfl/>lds ;d]t / 6]lnkmf]g, df]jfOn tyf kqklqsf vr{ Pjd\ ;+:yfsf] sfddf :jb]z / ljb]zdf e|d0f
ubf{ nfUg] vr{ h:tf cGo ;'ljwf afx]s u}/sfo{sf/L cWoIf tyf cGo ;~rfnsx?n] JolQmut kmfObf x'g]
cfly{s / u}/ cfly{s s'g} klg k|s[ltsf ;'ljwf lng kfOg] 5}g . o;/L cfly{s / u}/ cfly{s ;'ljwf lnPsf]
v08df a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)&# sf] bkmf @# sf] pkbkmf -!_ sf] Joj:yf pNn+3g u/]sf]
dfgL ;DalGwt ;~rfnsaf6 c;'npk/ ul/g]5 .
!@= Ohfhtkqk|fKt ug]{ qmddf /x]sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf k|:tfljt ;~rfnsjf k|aGw ;~rfnsx?n]
ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug]{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt gu/];Dd s'g} klg k|sf/sf] kfl/>lds, eQf tyf cGo cfly{s
;'ljwfx? lng kfOg] 5}g . k|:tfljt ;+:yfdf sfo{/t sd{rf/Lx?n] k|:tfljt ;~rfns ;ldltn] lg0f{o u/]
adf]lhdsf] kfl/>lds lng eg] afwf kg]{5}g . ljQLo sf/f]af/sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt u/L ;s]sf t/
;j{;fwf/0fdf ;fj{hlgs ;]o/ lgisfzg gu/]sf ;+:yfsf ;~rfns, k|aGw ;~rfns tyf k|d'v sfo{sf/L
clws[t nufotsf clwsf/Lx?n] k|fKt ug]{ kfl/>lds, eQf tyf cGo cfly{s ;'ljwfx? pQm ;+:yfsf]
;j{;fwf/0f ;]o/wgLsf] k|ltlglwTj ePsf] k|yd ;fwf/0f;ef ;DkGg geP;Dd j[l4 ug{ kfO{g] 5}g .
!#= clVtof/ k|fKt lgsfon] s'g} JolQm tyf lgh ;xefuL x'g] jf ePsf] ;fem]bf/L kmd{, sDkgL tyf ;+:yfx?
;d]tnfO{ ljkIfL agfO{ d'2f bfo/ u/]df ;f] JolQm tyf lghsf ;fem]bf/L kmd{nfO{ n]vfk/LIfsdf lgo'Qm
ug{ kfOg] 5}g . t/, ;kmfO{ kfPsf] v08df cflwsfl/s kq k|fKt eP kl5 n]vfk/LIfsdf lgo'Qm ug{
;lsg]5 . d'2f bfo/ x'g'eGbf cufl8 a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;fwf/0f;efaf6 n]vfk/LIfs lgo'lQm ePsf]
xsdf eg] sfd ;DkGg ug{ o; Joj:yfn] s'g} afwf kg]{ 5}g .
!$= -!_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf ;~rfns, k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t jf Joj:yfkg txsf] kbflwsf/Ln] lzIff
shf{, xfo/ kr]{h shf{, 3/ shf{ jf 3/fo;L k|of]hgsf ;fdu|L shf{ afx]s lghx?sf] JolQmut gfddf
cGo s'g} lsl;dsf shf{ lng kfpg] 5}gg\ .
t/ ;/sf/L C0fkqsf] lwtf]df jf Credit Card cGtu{t shf{ lng o; Joj:yfn] afwf k'ofPsf] dflgg]
5}g .
-@_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] s'g}klg Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf sfo{sf/L k|d'v jf Joj:yfkg txsf]
kbflwsf/Lsf] clwsf+z :jfldTj /x]sf] kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfdf s'g} klg lsl;dsf] shf{ k|jfx ug{ ;Sg]
5}gg\ . of] lgb]{zg hf/L x'g'k"j{ k|jfx eO{;s]sf] shf{sf] xsdf e'QmfgL cjlw ;dfKt eO{ ;s]kl5 gjLs/0f
ug{ kfOg] 5}g . o; k|of]hgsf] nflu clwsf+z :jfldTj eGgfn] %) k|ltzt eGbf a9L :jfldTj ePsf] kmd{,
sDkgL jf ;+:yf ;Demg' kb{5 .
!%= a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] Ps k|ltzt jf ;f] eGbf a9L ;]o/ wf/0f u/]sf ;]o/wgL jf lghsf] JolQmut jf
;fem]bf/L kmd{n] n]vfk/LIf0f u/]sf] kmd{sDkgL;+:yfnfO{ ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] C0f k|bfg
ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
!^= a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] ;+:yfut ;fdflhs pQ/bfloTj ;DaGwL sfo{df yk lqmofzLn x'g cfgf] x/]s
cfly{s jif{sf] v'b d'gfkmfsf] sDtLdf ! k|ltzt /sd 5'\ofO{ ;+:yfut ;fdflhs pQ/bfloTj sf]if v8f
u/L hDdf ug'{ kg]{5 . ;f] sf]ifdf hDdf ePsf] /sd lgDgfg';f/ x'g] u/L csf]{ cfly{s jif{ vr{ ug]{ Joj:yf
ldnfpg' kg]{5 .
-s_ ;+:yfut ;fdflhs pQ/bfloTj sf]ifdf hDdf ePsf] /sdaf6 lgDg If]qx?df x'g] vr{ Joxf]g{
;lsg]5 M
-!_ ;fdflhs kl/of]hgfx?df x'g] vr{ M lzIff, :jf:Yo, b}jL k|sf]k Joj:yfkg, jftfj/0f ;+/If0f,
;f+:s[lts k|a4{g, b'u{d If]qdf k"jf{wf/ ;'wf/, ;fdflhs ?kn] lk5l8Psf ju{sf] cfo cfh{g
Ifdtf clea[l4, ljQLo ;fIf/tf, u|fxs ;+/If0f ;DaGwL sfo{qmd cflbdf ug]{ k|ToIf tyf
ck|ToIf vr{ . kl/of]hgf 5gf}6 ubf{ ;DalGwt If]qdf sfo{ ul//x]sf ljlzli6s[t ;+:yfx?af6
;fj{hlgs ;"rgf dfkm{t\ k|:tfj dfu u/L 5gf}6 ug'{ kg]{5 .

191
 -@_ k|ToIf cg'bfg vr{ M clt ljkGg ju{sf nflu lzIff tyf :jf:Yodf x'g] vr{ Joxf]l/lbg] u/L x'g]
k|ToIf cg'bfg vr{ jf To:tf If]qdf ;+nUg tyf lqmoflzn ;+:yfx?sf] ef}lts ;+/rgf lgdf{0f,
;fwg vl/b ;~rfng vr{ cflbdf lbOg] k|ToIf cg'bfg vr{ .
-#_ lbuf] ljsf; nIo M g]kfnsf] lbuf] ljsf; nIo, @)!^@)#) -Sustainable Development
Goals, 2016-2030_ n] klxrfg u/]sf !& j6f If]qx?df tf]lsPsf nIox?sf] k|flKtdf ;xof]u
x'g] u/L ul/g] cGo k|ToIf tyf ck|ToIf vr{x? .
-$_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] cfkm\gf] ;+:yfdf sfo{/t sd{rf/Lx?sf nflu Child Day Care Centre
sf] Joj:yf ubf{ nfUg] vr{ .
-v_ ;+:yfsf] a|f08 k|j4{g x'g] u/L ul/g] vr{ o; sf]ifaf6 Joxf]g{ kfOg] 5}g . t/, ;+:yfut ;fdflhs
pQ/bfloTjdf u/]sf] vr{df ;+:yfsf] gfd ;f}hGosf] ?kdf pNn]v ug{ eg] afwf k'u]sf] dflgg] 5}g .
-u_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] ;+:yfut ;fdflhs pQ/bfloTjdf vr{ ubf{ Ps} ef}uf]lns If]q tyf laifo
-h:t}M lzIff, :Jff:Yo cflb_ df dfq ;Lldt geO{ cfkm\gf] sfo{If]qleqsf ljleGg ef}uf]lns If]q tyf
laifox?df Gofof]lrt 9n] vr{ ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg' kg]{5 .
-3_ ;~rfns ;ldltsf ;b:ox?nfO{ JolQmut tyf /fhg}lts nfe x'g] u/L vr{ ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
-_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns ;ldltn] ;+:yfut ;fdflhs pQ/bfloTjsf nflu
o; Joj:yf cg';f/ klxrfg x'g] If]qx?, ;f] If]qdf vr{sf nflu k|fKt x'g] k|:tfj d"Nofg ug]{ k|lqmof,
sf]ifsf] ;~rfng tyf Joj:yfkg k|lqmof nufotsf laifox? ;d]6L 5'} sfo{ljlw agfO{ nfu' ug'{
kg]{5 .
-r_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] o:tf] sf]ifsf] Joj:yf tyf ;f]af6 ePsf] vr{ ;DaGwL hfgsf/L cfgf] jflif{s
ljQLo ljj/0fsf] n]vf ;DaGwL l6Kk0fL cGtu{t v'nfpg' kg]{5 .
!&= ;DklQ ljj/0f tyf :jM3f]if0ff ;DaGwL Joj:yf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfkmgf ;~rfns, k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t tyf clws[t :t/sf sd{rf/Lx? /
lghsf kl/jf/sf] gfddf /x]sf] rncrn ;DklQ / a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfaf6 lnPsf] C0fsf] ljj/0f x/]s
cfly{s jif{ ;dfKt ePsf] #% lbgleq cBfjlws u/L /fVg'kg]{5 . ;fy}, Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] k|d'v
sfo{sf/L clws[t tyf clws[t :t/sf sd{rf/Lx? lgo'lQm ubf{ o; lgb]{zgsf] cg';"rL g+= ^=% adf]lhdsf]
:jM3f]if0ff u/L u/fO{ clen]v /fVg' kg]{5 .
!*= Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] Core Banking Services sf nflu cfp6;f];{ dfkm{t lgo'Qm sd{rf/Laf6
sfo{;Dkfbg ug{u/fpg kfOg] 5}g .
!(= vf/]hL / jrfpm
-!_ o; a}+saf6 o;cl3 hf/L ul/Psf b]xfosf lgb]{zgx? vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 M
PsLs[t lgb]{zg, @)&# sf] ;+:yfut ;'zf;g ;DaGwL Joj:yf O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= ^)&# adf]lhdsf]
lgb]{zg tyf ;f] kZrft ldlt @)&$ ;fpg ( ut] ;Dd hf/L ePsf o;} ljifo;Fu ;DalGwt ;Dk"0f{
kl/kqx? .
-@_ pka'Fbf -!_ adf]lhd vf/]h ul/Psf lgb]{zg tyf kl/kq adf]lhd eP u/]sf sfd sf/jfxL o;}
lgb]{zg adf]lhd eP u/]sf] dflgg]5 .

192
 cg';"rL^=!
sd{rf/L ;]jf ;'ljwf ;ldlt ;DaGwL Joj:yf

u7g Joj:yf
;~rfns ;ldltn] Ps hgf u}/ sfo{sf/L ;~rfnssf] ;+of]hsTjdf Pp6f sd{rf/L ;]jf ;'ljwf ;ldlt u7g
ug{ ;Sg]5 . pQm ;ldltdf ;+:yfsf] k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t, ] n]vf ;DaGwL ljefusf ljefuLo k|d'v ;b:o,
hgzlQm ;DaGwL ljefusf ljefuLo k|d'v ;b:o ;lrj x'g]5g\ .
;ldltsf] sfd st{Jo / pQ/bfloTj
-s_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] kfl/>lds lgwf{/0f gLlt th'{df ug{ ;~rfns ;ldltnfO{ cfjZos ;xof]u
ug]{ .
-v_ ;ldltn] ;do ;dodf ;Dk"0f{ sd{rf/Lx?sf] kfl/>lds ;+/rgfsf] cWoog tyf ljZn]if0f ug]{ / ahf/sf]
kfl/>lds ;+/rgfdf cfPsf] kl/jt{gn] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf kfg]{ k|efjsf ;DaGwdf lgoldt ?kn]
cWoog u/L ;~rfns ;ldlt ;dIf k|ltj]bg k]z ug]{ .
-u_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] kfl/>lds lgwf{/0f gLlt adf]lhd k|rlnt sfg'g tyf gLlt lgb]{zgdf plNnlvt
Joj:yfx?sf] kfngf x'g] u/L k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t nufot ;Dk"0f{ sd{rf/Lx?sf] kfl/>lds j[l4 ug'{ kg]{
b]lvPdf ;f]sf] cfwf/x? ;lxt ;~rfns ;ldltdf l;kmfl/z ug]{ .
-3_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf sd{rf/Lx?n] ;Dkfbg ug'{ kg]{ sfo{ ljj/0f, nIo / k|ult d"Nofgsf kl/;"rsx?
;d]t ljsf; u/L ;f] adf]lhd lghx?sf] sfo{;Dkfbg d"Nofg k|0ffnLsf] k'g/fjnf]sg ug]{ .
-_ hgzlQm Joj:Yffkg ;DaGwL sfo{x? egf{, 5gf}6, lgo'lQm, kb:yfkgf, ;?jf, a9'jf, j[lQ ljsf;,
sfo{;Dkfbg d"Nofg, k'/:sf/ tyf ;hfo / >d ;DaGw ;DaGwL of]hgf, gLlt tyf dfkb08x? tof/ u/L
;~rfns ;ldlt ;dIf k]z ug]{ .
-r_ sd{rf/L gLlt tyf sfo{/t sd{rf/L ;+/rgfsf] ;dLIff ug]{ / Succession Planning tof/ u/L :jLs[ltsf
nflu ;~rfns ;ldlt ;dIf l;kmfl/z ug]{ .
-5_ k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t cfkm';+u ;DalGwt ;]jf ;'ljwf ;DaGwdf ;ldltsf] a:g] a}7sdf efu lng kfpg]
5}gg\ .

193
 cg';"rL^=@
hf]lvd Joj:yfkg ;ldlt ;DaGwL Joj:yf
u7g Joj:yf
;~rfns ;ldltn] Ps hgf u}/ sfo{sf/L ;~rfnssf] ;+of]hsTjdf Pp6f hf]lvd Joj:yfkg ;ldlt u7g ug'{
kg]{5 . ;ldltsf] ;b:ox? dWo] ;~rfng -ck/];g_ ljefusf ljefuLo k|d'v ;b:o / shf{ ljefusf ljefuLo
k|d'v jf hf]lvd Joj:yfkg ;DaGwL sfo{ ug]{ cnUu} OsfO{ ePdf ;f]sf] k|d'v ;b:o ;lrj x'g]5 . n]vfk/LIf0f
;ldltsf ;+of]hs hf]lvd Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf] kb]g ;b:o x'g]5 . ;ldltsf] a}7s tLg dlxgfdf sDtLdf Ps
k6s a:g' kg]{5 .
;ldltsf] sfd st{Jo / pQ/bfloTj
-s_ ljBdfg hf]lvd klxrfg tyf Joj:yfkg k|0ffnLsf] kof{Kttf / pko'Qmtf ;DaGwdf ;~rfns ;ldltnfO{
hfgsf/L u/fpg] / pko'Qm k|0ffnLsf] ljsf;sf nflu ;'emfj lbg] .
-v_ Jofj;flos ultljlwdf lglxt hf]lvdsf] :t/, hf]lvd axg Ifdtf, hf]lvd Joj:yfkgsf] nflu ljsf;
u/]sf] /0fgLlt, gLltut Joj:yf / dfu{bz{gsf] lgoldt k'g/fjnf]sg u/L ;f]sf] kof{Kttfsf ;DaGwdf
;~rfns ;ldltdf ;'emfj k]z ug]{ .
-u_ Joj:yfkgaf6 lgoldt ?kdf hf]lvd Joj:yfkg k|ltj]bg lnO{ hf]lvdsf] cf+sng, d"Nofg, lgoGq0f tyf
cg'udg s] s;/L eO/x]sf] 5 ;f] ;DaGwdf 5nkmn ug]{ / ;~rfns ;ldltdf cfjZos ;'emfj k]z ug]{ .
-3_ hf]lvd ;DklQ cg';f/ k'FhLsf] kof{Kttf, cfGtl/s k'FhL ljZn]if0f k4lt -ICAAP_, Jofj;flos /0fgLlt
cg'?k gLltut Joj:Yffsf] kof{Kttf, ;+:yfn] lng ;Sg] clwstd hf]lvd ;DaGwdf lgoldt ?kdf 5nkmn
tyf ljZn]if0f u/L ;~rfns ;ldltnfO{ cfjZos /fo, ;'emfj lbg] .
-_ hf]lvd Joj:yfkgsf nflu g]kfn /fi6 a}+saf6 hf/L ul/Psf lgb]{zgdfu{lgb]{zg, ;+:yfn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf
cfGtl/s ;Ldf, pko'Qm k|rng cg'?k cfjZos gLlt Pjd\ ;+/rgf ljsf; ug{sf nflu ;~rfns
;ldltnfO{ ;'emfj lbg] .
-r_ s ju{sf a}+s / /fli6o:t/sf v / u ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] lgoldt ?kdf bjfj k/LIf0f
(Stress Testing) u/L ;f]sf] kl/0ffd dfly 5nkmn u/L ;f]sf cfwf/df eljiodf ckgfpg'kg]{ cfjZos
gLlt lgdf{0f jf lg0f{o k|lqmofsf nflu ;~rfns ;ldltdf ;'emfj k]z ug]{ .
-5_ ;~rfns ;ldltaf6 ePsf] clVtof/ k|Tofof]hgsf] ;Ldf tyf cf}lrTotf ljZn]if0f u/L ;~rfns ;ldltdf
cfjZos ;'emfj ;lxtsf] k|ltj]bg k]z ug]{ .
-h_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;DklQ ;+/rgf, tL ;DklQx? kl/rfngsf] cj:yf, To;af6 k|fKt ug{ ;lsg] cfo,
;DklQx?sf] u'0f:t/df x'g] j[l4xf; / ;DklQ bfloTj ;ldlt -ALCO_ af6 ePsf sfo{x?sf] ;DaGwdf
q}dfl;s ?kdf ljZn]if0f;ldIff u/L ;~rfns ;ldltdf k|ltj]bg k]z ug]{ .
-em_ cy{tGqsf] s'g} If]qdf pTkGg x'g] ;d:of jf kl/jt{gn] ;+:yfsf] ljQLo cj:yfdf kfg{ ;Sg] c;/sf]
;DaGwdf cWoog u/L ;f]sf] lg/fs/0fsf] nflu s] s:tf] gLlt cjnDag ug'{ kg]{ xf] cfjZos ;'emfj ;lxt
;~rfns ;ldltdf k|ltj]bg k]z ug]{ .

194
 cg';"rL ^=#

>L ;~rfns ;ldlt, ldlt M @)&==============

===================a}sljQLo ;+:yf lnld6]8,
=====================================.
laifo M hfgsf/L u/fPsf] af/] .

pko{'Qm ;DaGwdf d ========================================================n] o; a}+sljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;~rfnssf] kbdf

ldlt @)&============af6 axfn u/]sf]n] a}s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)^# sf] bkmf @@ adf]lhd b]xfosf
ljifox?sf] af/]df hfgsf/L u/fPsf] 5' .
-!_ o; a}+sljQLo ;+:yf;Fu d jf d]/f] kl/jf/sf] s'g} ;b:on] s'g} lsl;dsf] s/f/ u/]sf] jf ug{ nfu]sf] 5}g .
-@_ a}sljQLo ;+:yfsf] sfo{sf/L k|d'v, k|aGw ;~rfns jf sDkgL ;lrj, n]vfkl/Ifs tyf dxfk|aGwssf] lgo'lQmsf]
;DaGwdf d]/f] s'g} k|sf/sf] :jfy{ jf ;/f]sf/ 5}g .
-#_ d / d]/f] kl/jf/sf] s'g} ;b:on] o; a+}sljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;]o/ ;+Vof===================lnPsf]] 5'5f}+, ;f] afx]s a}+ssf]
cGo ;]o/ jf l8a~r/ lnPsf] 5}g .
-$_ d o; afx]s g]kfn /fi6 a}saf6 :jLs[t k|fKt s'g} a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns 5}g .
-%_ d]/f] kl/jf/sf] s'g} klg ;b:on] o; a}sljQLo ;+:yfsf] kbflwsf/Lsd{rf/Lsf] x}l;otn] sfd u/]sf 5g\5}gg\ .
-/x]sf] eP v'nfpg] =========================================================================_
-^_ a+}s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)^# sf] bkmf !*-_ adf]lhd d o; afx]s cGo s'g} klg k|sf/sf] lgIf]k
;DaGwL Aoj;fo ;~rfng ug]{ ;+:yfsf] -k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd art tyf C0fsf] sf/f]af/ ug]{ ;xsf/L ;+:yf
;d]tsf]_ ;~rfns, sd{rf/L jf axfnjfnf n]vfkl/Ifs jf ;Nnfxfsf/sf] kbdf /x]sf] 5}g . ;fy}, o; ;+:yfsf]
;~rfns /x];Dd d cGo s'g} k|sf/sf] art tyf C0f ;DaGwL sf/f]af/ ug]{ ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns x'g] 5}g .
-&_ o; a}+sljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;+:yfks ;]o/ lwtf] /fvL shf{ lnPsf] 55}g .
olb 5 eg] ;f]sf] ljj/0f v'nfpg' kg]{5 .
-*_ dfly 3f]if0ff ul/Psfk]z ul/Psf ljj/0fx? 7Ls ;f+rf] xf], em'f 7xl/Pdf sfg'g adf]lhd ;x'Fnf a'emfpFnf .

;~rfnssf] b:tvtM
gfd y/
afa'sf] gfdM
afh]sf]kltsf] gfdM
7]ufgfM
gful/stf lnPsf] lhNnf / gful/stf g+=

-b|i6Ao MMM of] ljj/0f a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;~rfnssf] kbdf lgjf{lrt jf dgf]lgt ePsf] ldltn] & lbgleq / kl/jt{g
ePdf kl/jt{g ePsf] ldltn] & lbgleq ;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . ;fy}, a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn]
;~rfnsaf6 of] ljj/0f k|fKt ePsf] ldltn] & lbgleq o; a}s ;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . _

195
 cg';"rL ^=$
==================a}+sljQLo ;+:yf lnld6]8
;~rfnsx?sf] btf{nut lstfa

;~rfns
afh]sf]kltsf] k]zf, ;~rfnsaf6
s|=;+= ;~rfnssf] gfd afa'sf] gfd lgo'Qm
gfd Joj;fo x6]sf] ldlt
ePsf] ldlt

tof/ ug]{M

k|dfl0ft ug]{ M

196
 cg';"rL ^=%
>L hgzlQm Joj:yfkg ljefu, ldlt M @)&==============
===================a}sljQLo ;+:yf lnld6]8,
=====================================.
laifo M :jM3f]if0ff ul/Psf] af/] .

pko{'Qm ;DaGwdf d ========================================================n] o; a}+sljQLo ;+:yfsf]

================= kbdf ldlt @)&============lgo'Qm ePsf]n] g]kfn /fi6 a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf
ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ hf/L ul/Psf] lgb]{zg adf]lhd b]xfo adf]lhdsf] :j3f]if0ff ub{5' .
-!_ 6f6 gkN6]sf] jf a]OdfgL jf hfn;fhLsf] cf/f]kdf ;hfo gkfPsf],
-@_ cfgf] k"j{ sf/f]af/df g]kfn /fi6 a}+s jf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfaf6 lgnDjg gul/Psf] jf
g]kfn /fi6 a}+saf6 ePsf] cg';Gwfgdf z+sf:kb sf/f]af/df ;+nUg egL ls6fg gul/Psf] jf
To:tf] lgnDjgjf6 km's'jf ePsf] kfFr jif{ k'u]sf] jf To:Tff] z+sf:kb sf/f]af/sf] ;+nUgtfaf6
;kmfO kfPsf],
-#_ sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z gePsf] jf To:tf] ;"rLaf6 k'ms'jf ePsf] tLg jif{ k'u]sf] .
-$_ ;DklQ z'4Ls/0f tyf cftjfbL lqmofsnfkdf ljQLo nufgL ;DaGwL s;"/df ;hfo gkfPsf]
jf d'2f grn]sf] .
-%_ ck/flws lqmofsnfk lj?4 cbfntdf d'2f grn]sf] .
-^_ k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd ltg'{kg]{ s/ r'Qmf u/]sf] .

dfly 3f]if0ff ul/Psfk]z ul/Psf ljj/0fx? 7Ls 5g\, em'f 7xl/Pdf sfg"g adf]lhd ;x'Fnf a'emfpFnf .

b:tvtM
gfd y/
afa'sf] gfdM
afh]sf]kltsf] gfdM
7]ufgfM
gful/stf lnPsf] lhNnf / gful/stf g+=

197
 g]kfn /fi6 a}+s
s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu

O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= &)&$

;"kl/j]IfsLo lgb]{zg nfu' ug]{ sfo{ tflnsf ;DaGwL Joj:yf .

o; a}+sn] s, v / u ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] lg/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0fsf] qmddf lbOPsf]

lgb]{zgx?nfO{ b]xfo adf]lhd nfu" ug{u/fpg g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf &( n] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u
u/L b]xfosf] lgb]{zg hf/L ul/Psf] 5 .
!= lg/LIf0f k|ltj]bg pk/sf] k|lts[of
lg/LIf0f k|ltj]bg pk/sf] k|lts[of :ynut lg/LIf0f k|ltj]bg k|fKt ePsf] ldltn] a9Ldf tL; lbgleq
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns ;ldltn] pQm k|ltj]bgdf plNnlvt s}lkmotx?sf] ;'wf/ tyf lbPsf
lgb]{zgx?sf] kfngf u/L ;f] lg/LIf0f k|ltj]bgdf p7fOPsf a'Fbfx?sf] ;'wf/sf] l:ylt ;lxtsf] k|ltlqmof o;
a}+ssf] ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf k7fpg' kg]{5 . tf]lsPsf] ;doleq cfjZos ;'wf/ u/L k|ltlqmof
k7fpg g;Sg] cj:Yff ePdf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] o; a}+ssf] :jLs[lt lnO{ k|fKt ePsf] cjlwleq pQm
k|ltj]bg o; a}+sdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
@= shf{ gf]S;fgL] Joj:yf
lg/LIf0f k|ltj]bg dfk{mt yk shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf ug]{ lgb]{zg k|fKt ePdf rfn' q}dfl;s lx;fjdf yk
shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf u/L ;f]sf] hfgsf/L o; a}+sdf lbg' kg]{5 .
#= Loan Portfolio ;'wf/ of]hgf
lg/LIf0f k|ltj]bg dfk{mt lgb]{zg k|fKt ePsf] tL; lbgleq ;+:yfn] tLg dlxgfn] efvf gf3]sf s ju{sf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] xsdf Ps s/f]8 ?k}ofF jf ;f]eGbf dflysf / cGo ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf]
xsdf krf; nfv ?k}ofF jf ;f] eGbf dflysf ;a} shf{x?sf] l:ylt ;'wfg]{ of]hgf agfO{ o; a}+ssf
;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . ;f] cjlwleq o; a}+saf6 lg/LIf0f eO{ yk lgb]{zg k|fKt
ePdf juL{s[t shf{x?sf] /sd / juL{s/0fdf cfPsf] kl/jt{g ;dfj]z ePsf] ;+zf]lwt of]hgf tL;
lbgleq o; a}+ssf] ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
$= k'FhLsf]ifsf] kof{Kttf
lg/LIf0f k|ltj]bg dfk{mt lgb]{zg k|fKt ePsf] a9Ldf k}+lt; lbgleq Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] kof{Kt k'FhLsf]if
sfod /fVgsf] nflu cGo s'/fx?sf] cltl/Qm b]xfosf ljifox? ;d]t ;dfj]z ePsf] lnlvt k'FhL of]hgf
o; a}+ssf] ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 M
-s_ kof{Kt k'FhLsf]if sfod ug{sf nflu xfn / eljiodf cfjZos kg]{ k'FhLsf] ljj/0f,
-v_ juL{s[t tyf k'gMjuL{s[t ;DklQsf] ljj/0f,
-u_ ;l~rt gfkmfsf] cg'dflgt /sd
-3_ o; ;DaGwL lgb]{zgdf Joj:yf eP cg';f/ eljiodf cfjZos kg]{ k'FhL k'/f ug{ Joj:yf ul/Psf]
cltl/Qm ;|f]t / ;do tflnsf .
%= ;DklQbfloTj Joj:yfkg
lg/LIf0f k|ltj]bg dfk{mt lgb]{zg k|fKt ePsf] lt; lbgleq Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] kof{Kt t/ntf sfod
/fVg cfgf] ;DklQbfloTj Joj:yfkg gLlt tyf sfo{ljlwdf cfjZostf cg';f/ ;+zf]wg u/L b]xfosf
ljifox? o; a}+ssf] ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . pQm ;+zf]wgdf cGo ljifox?sf]
cltl/Qm b]xfosf s'/fx?df Wofg k'ofpg' kg]{5 M

198
 -s_ C0f lnOPsf] /sd (Borrowed Funds) sf] nfut tyf pkof]u,
-v_ e}kl/ cfpg] cfjZostf k'/f ug{ rflxg] t/n ;DklQsf] kl/df0f,
-u_ lgIf]ksf] ;Defljt ptf/r9fjsf] nflu kof{Kt t/ntfsf] Joj:yf ug{ cNksfnLg ljQLo ;|f]tsf]
Joj:yf,
-3_ shf{sf] kl/df0f / jf;nft aflx/sf sf/f]af/x?df nufgL ug{ cfjZos /sd / nufgLsf] ;|f]t
aLrsf] tfnd]n /
-_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf]] Joj:yfkgaf6 ;~rfns ;ldlt ;dIf lgoldt ?kdf ;DklQbfloTj
;DaGwL k|ltj]bg k]z ug]{ Joj:yf .
^= cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f tyf lgoGq0f
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ljBdfg gLlt, lgod tyf sfg'gL k|fjwfgsf] bfo/fleq sfo{ ;Dkfbg u/L cfGtl/s
lgoGq0f k|0ffnLdf k|efjsf/Ltf Nofpg ;lsg] u/L sfo{ljlwsf] ljsf; ug'{ kg]{5 . pQm sfo{ljlw cGtu{t
sDtLdf b]xfosf ljifox? ;dfj]z ePsf] x'g' kg]{5 M
-s_ ;+:yfsf]] oyfy{ cj:yfsf] lrq0f ug]{ tyf ;DklQ ;'/lIft x'g] u/L Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf]]
Joj:yfkg tyf n]vf lgoGq0f k|0ffnLsf] ;dLIff ;DaGwL sfo{ljlw,
-v_ tYofsf] ljZj;lgotf hfFr ug]{ sfo{ljlw,
-u_ shf{ k|jfx, sf]if ;~rfng (Treasury Operation), ljb]zL ljlgdo Joj:yfkg, t/ntf Joj:yfkg,
k'FhLsf]ifsf] kof{Kttf, sd{rf/L, Joj:yfkg ;'rgf k|0ffnLsf ;fy} a}+ls lgod sfg'gx?sf] kfngf
;DaGwL Jojxf/ hfFra'em ug]{ sfo{ljlw,
-3_ ;DklQsf] u'0f:t/ ;dLIff sfo{ljlw,
-_ ljQLo hf]lvd Joj:yfkgsf] -t/ntf, ;DklQbfloTj, ljb]zL d'b|f Joj:yfkg_ ;dLIff ;DaGwL
sfo{ljlw .
&= of]hgf, gLlt tyf sfo{ljlwx?sf] sfof{Gjog
a'Fbf g+= # b]lv ^ ;Dd pNn]v eP adf]lhd lg/LIf0f k|ltj]bgn] dfu u/]sf] of]hgf, gLlt tyf sfo{ljlwx?
;dLIffsf] nflu o; a}+ssf] ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
*= k|ult ljj/0fsf] cg'udg
o; a}+saf6 a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] sf/f]af/ / k|ult ljj/0f ;DaGwdf lg/Gt/ ?kdf cg'udg ul/g] 5 .
o; a}+sn]] ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] k|To]s tLg dlxgfdf lqmofsnfk, of]hgf, gLlt tyf o;
a}+sn] lbPsf] lgb]{zg sfof{Gjogsf] cg'udg u/L lbPsf] ;'emfj ;DalGwt ;+:yfn] sfof{Gjog ug'{ u/fpg'
kg]{5 . ;fy} o; a}+sn] lgb]{zg lbPsf] cj:Yffdf q}dfl;s k|ult ljj/0f / lgb]{zgsf] sfof{Gjog l:yltsf]
k|ltj]bg ;d]t tf]lsPsf] cjlwleq pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 .
(= vf/]hL / jrfpm
-!_ o; a}+saf6 o;cl3 hf/L ul/Psf b]xfosf lgb]{zgx? vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 M
PsLs[t lgb]{zg, @)&# sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] lg/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0fsf] qmddf lbOPsf
lgb]{zgx? nfu" ug]{ sfo{ tflnsf ;DaGwL Joj:yf O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= &)&# adf]lhdsf] lgb]{zg tyf ;f]
kZrft ldlt @)&$ ;fpg ( ut] ;Dd hf/L ePsf o;} ljifo;Fu ;DalGwt ;Dk"0f{ kl/kqx? .
-@_ pka'Fbf -!_ adf]lhd vf/]h ul/Psf lgb]{zg tyf kl/kq adf]lhd eP u/]sf sfd sf/jfxL o;}
lgb]{zg adf]lhd eP u/]sf] dflgg]5 .

199
 g]kfn /fi6 a}+s
s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu
O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= *)&$
nufgL ;DaGwL Joj:yf .

o; a}+saf6 s, v / u ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ljQLo ;|f]tsf] nufgLsf ;DaGwdf g]kfn

/fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf &( n] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L b]xfosf] lgb]{zg hf/L ul/Psf] 5 .
!= nufgL gLlt tyf sfo{ljlw :jLs[t u/fP/ dfq nfu" ug'{ kg]{
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ;/sf/L ;'/If0fkq, g]kfn /fi6 a}+s C0fkq tyf ;+ul7t ;+:yffx?sf] ;]o/ tyf
l8a]~r/df nufgL ug]{ gLlt tyf sfo{ljlw ;~rfns ;ldltaf6 :jLs[t u/fP/ dfq nfu" ug'{ kg]{5 .
@= ;/sf/L ;'/If0fkq / g]kfn /fi6 a}+s C0fkqdf nufgL ;DaGwL Joj:yf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfnfO{ ;/sf/L ;'/If0fkq / g]kfn /fi6 a}+s C0fkqdf nufgL ug{ s'g} aGb]h nufOPsf]
5}g .
#= ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] ;]o/ tyf l8a]~r/df tyf cGo nufgL ;DaGwL Joj:yf
-!_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ;j{;fwf/0fdf z]o/ ljqmL u/L g]kfn lwtf]kq ljlgdo ahf/df ;"rLs[t
eO;s]sf] ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] z]o/ tyf l8a]~r/df dfq nufgL ug{' kg]{5 .
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] lwtf]kq ljlgdo ahf/df ;"rLs[t eO{g;s]sf] s'g} ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] z]o/
tyf l8a]~r/df nufgL] u/]df nufgL u/]sf] ldltn] Ps jif{leq pQm z]o/ tyf l8a]~r/ ;"rLs[t
gePsf] v08df nufgL eP a/fa/sf] /sd nufgL ;dfof]hg sf]if v8f u/L ;f] sf]ifdf hDdf ug'{
kg]{5 . To:tf] sf]ifdf /x]sf] /sd pQm z]o/ tyf l8a]~r/ ;"rLs[t geP;Dd cGo pkof]u ug{
kfOg] 5}g .
t/, k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd ;"rLs[t x'g gkg]{ ;+:yfdf Ohfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yfsf] zt\k|ltzt nufgL
/x]sf] cj:Yffdf nufgL ;dfof]hg sf]if v8f ug{ clgjfo{ x'g] 5}g .
o;}u/L, shf{ ;"rgf s]Gb| ln=, Nepal Clearing House Ltd., National Banking Institute / k"jf{wf/
ljsf; a}+ssf] z]o/df nufgL ubf{ dfly pNn]v eP cg';f/sf] nufgL ;dfof]hg sf]if v8f ug'{ kg]{
ljBdfg Joj:yfdf 5'6 k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 .
;fy}, g]kfnsf] e'QmfgL k|0ffnLsf] cfw'lgsLs/0fsf nflu k"jf{wf/ tof/ ug{ d4t k'ofpg slDtdf
!% j6f a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] ;+o'Qm nufgL4f/f k|jl4{t Payment Switch sf] sfo{ ug]{
sDkgLdf o; a}+sn] tf]s]sf zt{sf clwgdf /xL ul/Psf] nufgLsf xsdf ;d]t nufgL ;dfof]hg
sf]if v8f ug'{ kg]{ 5}g .
-@_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] s'g} Ps ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] ;]o/, l8a]~r/ jf s'g} ;fd'lxs nufgL sf]ifdf
nufgL ubf{ 7Ls cl3Nnf] qodf;df sfod k|fylds k'FhLsf]] !) k|ltztdf ga9\g] u/L / ;a} ;+ul7t
;+:yfx?sf] ;]o/, l8a]~r/ jf ;fd'lxs nufgL sf]ifdf a9Ldf cfgf] k|fylds k'FhLsf]] #) k|ltztdf
ga9\g] u/L nufgL ug'{ kg]{5 . To;}u/L Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ;+ul7t ;+:yfx?sf] ;]o/ tyf
l8a]~r/df nufgL ubf{ nufgL x'g] ;+:yfsf] r'Qmf k'FhLsf] !) k|ltzt;Dd tyf 3 ju{sf] ljQLo
;+:yfdf u/]sf] nufgLsf] xsdf pQm ;+:yfsf] r'Qmf k'FhLsf] @% k|ltzt;Dd dfq nufgL ug'{ kg]{5 .
nufgL ubf{sf] cj:yfdf tf]lsPsf] ;LdfeGbf a9L nufgL u/]sf] kfOPdf o;/L a9L nufgL ePsf]
/sd j/fj/ k'FhLsf]if u0fgf ubf{ k|fylds k'FhLaf6 36fO{ k'FhLsf]if sfod ul/g]5 .
-#_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfgf] ljQLo :jfy{ ePsf] sDkgLsf] xsdf cfgf] k|fylds k'FhLsf] @)
k|ltzt;Dd nufgL ug{ ;Sg]5 . ljQLo :jfy{ ePsf] ;+ul7t ;+:yfx?sf] ;]o/ tyf l8j]~r/df u/]sf]
s'n nufgL /sdnfO{ k'FhLsf]if u0fgf ubf{ k|fylds k'FhLaf6 36fO{ k'FhLsf]if sfod ug'{ kg]{5 .
t/ k|rlnt sfg'gL Joj:yf adf]lhd ;fd'lxs nufgL sf]ifdf sf]if k|j4{ssf] tkm{af6 clgjfo{ ?kdf
ljh k'FhL jfkt nufgL ug'{ kg]{ /sd k|fylds k'FhLaf6 36fpg clgjfo{ x'g] 5}g .

200
 -$_ d'Vo sDkgLsf] ;~rfns ;ldlt jf ;~rfns ;ldltsf cWoIf;b:o ;xfos sDkgLsf] ;~rfns
;ldlt jf ;~rfns ;ldltsf] cWoIf;b:osf] ?kdf /xg kfpg] 5}gg\ . of] lgb]{zg hf/L -ldlt
@)^&.@.!)_ x'g'k'j{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf ;~rfns ;xfos sDkgLsf] klg ;~rfns /x]sfsf] xsdf
d'Vo sDkgLsf] cf;Gg klxnf] ;fwf/0f;ef jf of] kl/kq hf/L ePsf] ldltn] ! jif{leqdWo] h'g klxn]
x'G5, ;f] cjlwleqdf xl6;Sg' kg]{5 .
-%_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] hnljB't kl/of]hgf, ljB't k|;f/0f nfOg / s]jnsf/ lgdf{0f kl/of]hgf
;~rfng ug{ :yflkt klAns lnld6]8 sDkgLsf] ;]o/ jf l8j]~r/df nufgL u/]sf] /sd lwtf]kq
ljlgdo ahf/df ;'rLs[t eOg;s]sf To:tf kl/of]hgfx?df nufgL u/]sf] /x]5 eg] To:tf] nufgL
u/]sf] ldltn] # jif{leq pQm ;]o/ tyf l8a]~r/ ;'rLs[t gePsf] v08df nufgL eP a/fa/sf]
;Dk"0f{ /sd nufgL ;dfof]hg sf]if v8f u/L ;f] sf]ifdf hDdf ug'{ kg]{5 . To:tf] sf]ifdf /x]sf]
/sd pQm ;]o/ tyf l8a]~r/ ;'rLs[t geP;Dd cGo s'g} klg k|of]hgsf] nflu pkof]u ug{ kfOg]
5}g .
$= ;]o/ tyf l8j]~r/ k|Tofe"lt ;DaGwL Joj:yf
-!_ s ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfnfO{ ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] ;]o/ tyf l8j]~r/ k|Tofe"lt ug{ s'g} ;Ldf
nufOPsf] 5}g . v / u ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] xsdf b]xfo adf]lhd ;Ldf;Dd dfq
k|Tofe"lt ug{ ;Sg] u/L ;Ldf lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] 5 .
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf s'g} Ps ;+ul7t ;+:yf ;a} ;+ul7t ;+:yf
v ju{ cfgf] k|fylds k'FhLsf] @) cfgf] k|fylds k'FhLsf] zt
k|ltzt;Dd k|ltzt;Dd
u ju{ cfgf] k|fylds k'FhLsf] !) cfgf] k|fylds k'FhLsf] %)
k|ltzt;Dd k|ltzt;Dd
t/, v / u ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;]o/ tyf
l8a]Gr/ k|Tofe"lt ug]{ ePdf cfgf] k|fylds k'FhLsf] tf]lsPsf] ;Ldf;Dd dfq k|Tofe"lt ug{ ;Sg]
Joj:yf clgjfo{ x'g] 5}g .
-@_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] pka'Fbf -!_ adf]lhd k|Tofe"lt u/]sf] ;]o/ laqmL ljt/0f geO{ cfkm}n] vl/b
ug'{k/]df To;/L vl/b u/]sf] ;]o/ ;]o/ k|Tofe"lt u/]sf] ldltn] Ps jif{leq laqmL ljt/0f u/L
;Sg' kg]{5 . tf]lsPsf] ;doleq laqmL ljt/0f ug{ g;s]df tf]lsPsf] ;LdfeGbf a9L nufgL ePsf]
/sd k'FhLsf]if u0fgf ubf{ k|fylds k"hLaf6 36fO{ k'FhLsf]if sfod ul/g] 5 .
%= nufgLsf] k'g/fjnf]sg ;DaGwL Joj:yf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cw{jflif{s?kdf cfgf] nufgLsf] k'g/fjnf]sg ug]{ Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 . o;/L
k'g/fjnf]sg ubf{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] cfGtl/s n]vfkl/Ifsaf6 ljBdfg nufgL gLlt tyf o; lgb]{zg
adf]lhd nufgL ul/Psf] Joxf]/f k|dfl0ft u/fO{ cw{jflif{s cjlw ;dfKt ePsf]] ! dlxgfleq ;+:yfsf]
Joj:yfkgjf6 :jLs[t u/fpg' kg]{5 . o;/L ;+:yfsf] Joj:yfkgjf6 :jLs[t u/]sf] lg0f{osf] k|ltlnkL k|To]s
jif{sf] kmfNu'0f !% / ebf} !% ut]leq a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu / ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f
ljefudf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
^= ;]o/ tyf l8a]~r/sf] d"Nofg
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;]o/ tyf l8a]~r/ sf/f]af/nfO{ lgb]{zg kmf=g+= *=!, *=@ / *=# adf]lhd k|To]s
sDkgLsf] cnu\ cnu\ 5'6\ofO{ vl/b d'No jf ahf/ d"NodWo] h'g sd x'G5 To;sf] cfwf/df cw{jflif{s
?kdf d"Nofg u/L cfgf] ;DklQdf b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
t/, s'g} sDkgLsf] ;]o/ tyf l8a]~r/sf] vl/b d"NoeGbf ahf/ d'No sd eO{ km/s kg{ cfPsf] /sdnfO{
gfkmfgf]S;fg lx;fadf vr{ n]vL nufgLdf ;+efljt xfgL afkt Joj:yf zLif{sdf hDdf ug'{ kg]{5 .
;fy}, nufgLsf] d"Nofg ubf{ O{=k|f= lgb]{zg $)&) sf] a'Fbf g+= @ =v=# -nufgL ;DaGwL gLlt_ df ePsf]
Joj:yf adf]lhd g} d"Nofg ug]{ / o; ;DaGwL ljj/0f ;+nUg g]=/f=a}+=lgb]{zg kmf=g+= *=@ sf] 9fFrfdf
tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .

201
&= :jMk|of]hgsf] nflu crn ;DklQ vl/blgdf{0fsf] ;DaGwdf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] cfgf] k|of]hgsf] lgldQ cfjZos k/]df afx]s crn ;DklQ
vl/b ug{ u/fpg x'Fb}g . cfgf] k|of]hgsf] lgldQ hUuf, ejg jf b'j} cfjZos k/]df b]xfosf] zt{x?sf]
clwgdf /xL vl/b jf lgdf{0f ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-s_ a}+sljQLo ;+:yf ;+:yfkgf ubf{sf] ;Dk"0f{ k'j{ ;~rfng vr{ (Pre operating expenses) ckn]vg
eO{;s]sf] x'g'kg]{5 .
-v_ k|aGwkqlgodfjnLdf pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf] ;]o/ ;j{;fwf/0fdf hf/L u/L ;s]kl5sf] klxnf]
;fwf/0f ;ef ;DkGg ePsf] x'g'kg]{5 .
-u_ ljut @ jif{b]lv lg/Gt/ v'b d'gfkmfdf ;~rfng ePsf] / ;l~rt gf]S;fgLdf g/x]sf] x'g'kg]{5 .
-3_ o; a}+sn] hf/L u/]sf] lgb]{zg adf]lhd k'FhLsf]if kof{Kt /x]sf] x'g'kg]{5 .
-_ hUuf, ejg jf b'j} vl/b tyf ejg lgdf{0f ubf{ k|ltk6s cfgf] k|fylds k'FhLsf] !% k|ltztsf]
;Ldf leq /xL ug'{kg]{5 .
-r_ v08 -s_ b]lv -_ ;Dd plNnlvt cj:yf k'/f gu/L hUuf, ejg jf b'j} vl/b jf lgdf{0f u/]df ;f]
a/fa/sf] /sd k|fylds k'FhLsf]if u0fgf ubf{ 36fpg' kg]{5 .
-5_ hUuf, ejg jf b'j} vl/b u/]sf] jf ejg lgdf{0f ;DkGg ePsf] ldltaf6 # jif{;Dd cfgf] k|of]udf
gcfPdf ;f] a/fa/sf] /sd k|fylds k'FhLsf]if u0fgf ubf{ 36fpg' kg]{5 .
;fy}, of] lgb{]zg hf/L x'g' k'j{ cfkmgf] k|of]hgsf nflu ejghUuf vl/b u/]sf] cj:yfdf
klxnf]k6s of] lgb{]zg hf/L ePsf] ldlt @)^(#@( n] # jif{ -ldlt @)&@#@*_ leq
:jMk|of]hgdf cfO{;Sg' kg{]5, cGoyf ;f] a/fa/sf] /sd k|fylds k'FhLsf]if u0fgf ubf{ 36fpg' kg]{5 .
-h_ To:tf] hUuf, ejg jf b'j} cfgf] k|of]hgdf gcfpg] b]lvPdf laqmL ug'{kg]{5 .
*= nufgL ;DaGwL yk Joj:yf
-!_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt s, v / u ju{sf cGo ;+:yfx?f/f hf/L
u/]sf ;]o/ ;'/If0fkq tyf xfOlj|8 k'FhL pks/0fx? tyf ;'/If0f g/flvPsf] ;xfos cfjlws C0f
(Subordinated Term Debt) df nufgL ug{ kfO{g] 5}g . t/, o; a}+ssf] :jLs[lt lnP/ nufgL u/]sf]
;+:yfsf] ;]o/ nufgLsf] xsdf of] Joj:Yff nfu" x'g] 5}g .
-@_ nufgL ;DaGwL lgb]{zgdf pNn]v ul/Psf] k|fylds k'FhL eGgfn] ljz]if pNn]v u/]sf]df afx]s 7Ls
cl3Nnf] qodf;df sfod k|fylds k'FhLnfO{ a'emfpF5 .
(= nufgL ;DaGwL lgb]{zgsf] kfngf gu/]df x'g] sf/jfxL
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] nufgL ;DaGwL lgb]{zgsf] kfngf gu/]df g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf ((
jf bkmf !)) df plNnlvt s'g} klg sf/jfxL ug{ ;lsg] 5 .
!)= vf/]hL / jrfpm
-!_ o; a}+saf6 o;cl3 hf/L ul/Psf b]xfosf lgb]{zgx? vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 M
PsLs[t lgb]{zg, @)&# sf] nufgL ;DaGwL Joj:yf O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= *)&# adf]lhdsf] lgb]{zg
tyf ;f] kZrft ldlt @)&$ ;fpg ( ut] ;Dd hf/L ePsf o;} ljifo;Fu ;DalGwt ;Dk"0f{ kl/kqx? .
-@_ pka'Fbf -!_ adf]lhd vf/]h ul/Psf lgb]{zg tyf kl/kq adf]lhd eP u/]sf sfd sf/jfxL o;}
lgb]{zg adf]lhd eP u/]sf] dflgg]5 .

202
 g]=/f= a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+= *=!
;/sf/L C0fkq / g]kfn /fi6 a}s C0fkqdf ePsf] nufgL ljj/0f -dfl;s_
@) ======;fn ============dlxgf
-?=xhf/df_
qm=;+= ljj/0f /sd -?=_

s'n

ldlt clws[t b:tvt

g]=/f= a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+= *=@

sDkgLsf] ;]o/k"hLdf ePsf] nufgL ljj/0f -dfl;s_
@) ======;fn ============dlxgf
-?=xhf/df_
qm=;+= sDkgLsf] gfd Z]fo/ ;+Vof k/n d"No ahf/ d"No gfkmf-gf]S;fg_ jf sf]if
;dfof]hg /sd

s'n

ldlt clws[t b:tvt

g]=/f= a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+= *=#

;+ul7t ;+:yfx?sf] l8j]~r/df ePsf] nufgL ljj/0f -dfl;s_
@) ======;fn ============dlxgf
-?=xhf/df_
qm=;+= sDkgLsf] gfd nufgL ldlt /sd ?=

s'n

ldlt clws[t b:tvt

203
 g]kfn /fi6 a}+s
s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu

O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= ()&$

tYof ljj/)f ;DaGwL Joj:yf .

b]zsf] cfly{s, df}lb|s l:ylt Pj ljQLo ultljlwsf] d"Nofg Pj ljZn]if0f ug'{sf ;fy}
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] u}/:ynut ;'k/Lj]If0f ug]{ ;Gbe{df a}+ls tyf ljQLo tYofsf] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf
/xg] x'Fbf ;dod} To:tf tYof ljj/0fx? ;xL Pj z'4 ?kdf pknAw u/fpg g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* sf]
bkmf &( n] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L g]kfn /fi6 a}+sdf k]z ug'{ kg]{ tYof ;DaGwL Joj:yf ;DaGwdf
b]xfosf] lgb]{zg hf/L ul/Psf] 5 M
1. Ohfhtkqk|fKt s, v / u ju{sf ;+:yfx?n] a+'bf g+= @ cg';f/sf ljj/0fx? Excel sheet df tof/ kf/L
a'+bf g+= % df pNn]lvt Od]n dfkm{t ;DalGwt ljefux?df tyf a+'bf g+= $ cg';f/sf ljj/0fx? o; a}+ssf]
web address df log in u/L k|fKt lgb]{zg cg';f/ Posting jf Upload ug'{ kg]{5 .
2. Ohfhtkqk|fKt s, v / u ju{sf ;+:yfx?n] cfgf zfvfx?sf] ;d]t ;dli6ut (Consolidated)
?kdf tkl;n adf]lhdsf ljj/0fx? tof/ u/L a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu, ;DjlGwt ;'kl/j]If0f
ljefu tyf cg';Gwfg ljefudf k7fpg' kg]{5 M
(1) lgb]{zg kmf=g+= *=!, *=@, *=#, !%=! !%=@ / !&=! cg';f/sf ljj/0fx? dfl;s ?kdf dlxgf ;dfKt
ePsf] ldltn] !% lbg leq .
(2) lgb]{zg kmf=g+= @=% adf]lhdsf ljj/0fx? q}dfl;s ?kdf qodf; ;dfKt ePsf] ldltn] !% lbgleq .

(3) lgb]{z g kmf=g+= !&=@ / !&=# adf]lhdsf] ljj/0fx? cw{jflif{s ?kdf sf/f]jf/ ;dfKt ePsf] ldltn]
!% lbgleq .
(4) ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefun] dfu u/]sf] v08df pk/f]Qm tYof ljj/0fsf] Psk|lt Hard Copy
;DalGwt clws[tsf] ;lx5fk u/L k7fpg' kg]{5 .
;fy}, o;} lgb]{zgsf] cg';"rL! adf]lhdsf] tflnsfdf pNn]v ePsf ljj/0fx? ;f]xL tflnsfdf tf]lsPsf]
;dfofjlwleq o; a}+ssf] ;DalGwt ljefudf k7fpg' kg]{5 .
3. a'Fbf @ cg';f/sf tYofx? k7fpgsf nflu o; a}+ssf] j]j;fO6df /flvPsf] PS;]n l;6df cfwfl/t
kmf/fdx? e/L ;f]xL adf]lhd k7fpg' kg]{5, / gePsf kmf/fdx? 5'} PS;]ndf cfwl/t kmf/fdx? agfO{
lgb]{zg cg';f/ k7fpg'kg]{ 5 . lgwf{l/t 9fFrfdf Row, Column jf Sheet nufot Format df cfk"mv';L
s'g} yk36 ug{ kfOg] 5}g . tYof ljj/0fdf s ju{sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] clgjfo{ ?kdf ?= bz
nfvdf (Rs. in million) / cGo ;+:yfn] ?= xhf/df (Rs. in thousand) pNn]v u/L k7fpg' kg]{5 . tYof
ljj/0f g]kfnL efiffdf k7fpFbf clgjfo{ ?kdf Bishall Font df k7fpg' kg]{5 . o:tf] Font o; a}+ssf]
j]j;fO6 www.nrb.org.np af6 ;d]t 8fpgnf]8 ug{ ;lsg]5 .
4. Ohfhtkqk|fKt s, v / u ju{sf ;+:yfx?n] cfgf zfvfx?sf] ;d]t ;dli6ut (Consolidated) ?kdf
tkl;n adf]lhdsf ljj/0fx? tof/ u/L o; a}+ssf] Website dfkm{t Online Reporting ug'{ kg]{5 M
(1) lgb]{zg #=!) cg';f/ k7fpg' kg]{ 7'nf C0fLx?sf] ljj/0f q}dfl;s ?kdf qodf; ;dfKt ePsf] Ps
dlxgfleq j]a;fO6df pNn]v ePsf] 9f+rfdf Upload ug{' kg]{5 .
(2) cg';"rL ^=$ cg';f/ k7fpg' kg]{ ;+:yfx?sf] ;+rfns tyf k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[tsf] gfd, y/,
7]ufgf nufotsf cGo ljj/0fx? lgo'lQm ePsf] jf kbfjlw ;dfKt ePsf] lbgdf g} j]a;fO6df
pNn]v ePsf] 9f+rfdf Posting ug{' kg]{5 .
(3) lgb]{zg kmf/fd (=!$ cg';f/ k7fpg' kg]{ q}dfl;s ljQLo ljj/0f tyf lgb]{zg kmf/fd (=!%

204
 cg';f/ k7fpg' kg]{ E-banking ;DaGwL ljj/0f qo;df; ;dfKt ePsf] !% lbgleq j]a;fO6df
pNn]v ePsf] 9f+rfdf Upload ug{' kg]{5 .
(4) lgb]z { g kmf/fd (=!^ cg';f/ k7fpg' kg]{ s]Gb|Lo sfof{no, zfvf sfof{nox? / cGo sfof{nox?
;d]t ;Dk"0f{ sfof{nox?sf] ljj/0f sfof{no ;+rfngvf/]h ePs} ldltdf / zfvfut shf{ /
lgIf]ksf] ljj/0f dlxgf ;dfKt ePsf] & lbgleq j]a;fO6df pNn]v ePsf] 9f+rfdf Upload ug{'
kg]{5 .
5. lgb]{zg kmf=g+= (=!# cg';f/ k7fpg'kg]{ cGt/a}+s sf/f]jf/ (Interbank transaction) ;DaGwL ljj/0f ;f]xL
lbg sfof{no ;doleq j]a;fO6df pNn]v ePsf] 9+frfdf Posting ug{' kg]{5 .
6. Od]n dfkm{t tYof+s k7fpFbf lgDgfg';f/sf] Od]n 7]ufgfdf k7fpg' kg]{5 M
Ohfhtkqk|fKt
tYof+s k7fpg'kg]{ ljefu Od]n 7]ufgf
;+:yfsf] ju{
s ju{sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;:yf lgodg ljefu bfistata@nrb.org.np
Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s ;'kl/j]If0f ljefu bsdoffsite@nrb.org.np
;+:yfx? cg';Gwfg ljefu researchreportcb@nrb.org.np
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;:yf lgodg ljefu bfistatb@nrb.org.np
v ju{sf fsidreportsdb@nrb.org.np
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ljsf; a}+s ;'kl/j]If0f ljefu nrbdbsdstat@nrb.org.np
;+:yfx? cg';Gwfg ljefu researchreportdb@nrb.org.np
u ju{sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;:yf lgodg ljefu bfistatc@nrb.org.np
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ljQ sDkgL ;'kl/j]If0f ljefu fsidreportsfc@nrb.org.np
;+:yfx? cg';Gwfg ljefu researchreportfc@nrb.org.np

;fy}, o; lgb]{zgdf pNn]v ePb]lv afx]s o; a}+ssf] cGo ljefusfof{nodf k7fpg' kg]{ ljj/0fx?
lgoldt ?kdf k7fpg' kg]{5 .
7. Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] o; a}+sdf tYof k7fpg] k|of]hgsf nflu Pp6f 5'} kbflwsf/L tf]sL lghsf] gfd,
kmf]g g+= / Od]n 7]ufgf ;lxtsf] hfgsf/L o; a}+snfO{ pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 . tYof ljj/0f k7fp+bf tf]lsPsf]
kbflwsf/Lsf] gfd, kmf]g g+= / Od]n 7]ufgf ;d]t pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 . tf]lsPsf ljj/0fx? oyf;dodf k|fKt
gePdf ;DjlGwt kbflwsf/LnfO{ pQ/bfoL agfO o; a}+sn] lbPsf] lgb]{zg adf]lhd sf/jfxL ug{ ;lsg] 5 .
8. o; lgb]{zg cg'?k Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] pNn]lvt ;dodf tYof gk7fPdf jf af/Daf/ unt tYof
k7fPdf g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* / a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DjGwL k|rlnt sfg'g jdf]lhd
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] juL{s/0fsf] cfwf/df bzxhf/ ?k}ofFb]lv krf;xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/jfgf / cGo
sf/jfxL x'g]5 .
9. vf/]hL / arfpM
-!_ o; a}s + af6 o;cl3 hf/L ul/Psf] PsLs[t lgb]{zg @)&# cGtu{tsf] O=k|f= lgb]{zg g+= ()&# tyf
;f] kZrft ldlt @)&$ ;fpg ( ut] ;Dd hf/L ePsf o; ljifo;+u ;DjlGwt ;Dk"0f{ kl/kqx? vf/]h
ul/Psf] 5 .
-@_ pka'Fbf -!_ adf]lhd vf/]h ul/Psf lgb]{zg tyf kl/kq adf]lhd eP u/]sf sfd sf/jfxL o;} lgb]{zg
adf]lhd eP u/]sf] dflgg]5 .

205
 g]=/f=a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+=(=!
======================== lnld6]8
;DklQ / bfloTjsf] uf]Zjf/f lx;fj -dfl;s_
@)&===== ;fn =========== dlxgfsf] ljj/0f
-?=======_
k'FhL tyf bfloTj /sd ;DklQ /sd
!= k'FhL tyf hu]8f sf]ifx? != gub df}Hbft
!=! r'Qmf k'FhL !=! :jb]zL d'b|f -l;Ssf ;d]t_
!=!=! ;fwf/0f ;]o/ !=@ ljb]zL d'b|f
!=!=@ gg\l/l8d]jn lk|km/]G; ;]o/ !=@=! ef/tLo d'b|f
!=!=#= l/l8d]jn lk|km/]G; ;]o/ !=@=@ cGo ljb]zL d'b|f
!=!=$ sGel6{jn lk|km/]G; ;]o/ @= a}+s df}Hbft
!=@ sn Og P8\efG; @=! :jb]zL d'b|f
!=# k|:tfljt af]g; ;]o/ @=!=! g]kfn /fi6 a}+sdf
!=$ ;fwf/0f hu]8f sf]if @=!=@ s ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf
!=% ;]o/ lk|ldod @=!=# v ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf
!=^ ;l~rt gfkmfgf]S;fg (Retained Earning) @=!=$ u ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf
!=& cGo hu]8f tyf sf]ifx?* @=!=% cGo ljQLo ;+:yfdf
!=&=! e}k/L cfpg] hu]8f sf]if @=@ ljb]zL d'b|f
!=&=@ ;DklQ k'gd"{Nofg sf]if @=@=! g]kfn /fi6 a}+sdf
!=&=# k'FhLut hu]8f sf]if @=@=@ s ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf
!=&=$ ;+:yf ljsf; sf]if @=@=# v ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf
!=&=% ljz]if hu]8f sf]if @=@=$ u ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf
!=&=^ nfef+z ;dLs/0f sf]if @=@=% cGo ljQLo ;+:yfdf
!=&=& cGo :jtGq sf]if @=@=^ ljb]zL a}+sdf
!=* k'FhL lkmtf{ hu]8f sf]if @=@=^=! ef/tdf
!=( ;6xL 36a9 sf]if @=@=^=@ cGo ljb]zL d'n'sdf
!=!) nufgL ;dfof]hg sf]if #= dfu]sf avt k|fKt x'g] /sd
!=!! cGo sf]if #=! :jb]zL d'b|f
@= ;fk6L #=!=! s ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf
@=! g]kfn /fi6 a}+saf6 ;fk6L #=!=@ v ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf
@=!=! k'g/shf{ #=!=# u ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf
@=!=@ l/kf]] shf{ #=!=$ cGo ljQLo ;+:yfdf
@=!=# g]kfn /fi6 a}+saf6 k|fKt cGo ;fk6L #=@ ljb]zL d'b|f
@=@ cGt/a}+s ;fk6L #=@=! g]kfn /fi6 a}+sdf
@=@=! :jb]zL d'b|f #=@=@ s ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf
@=@=!=! s ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfaf6 #=@=# v ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf
@=@=!=@ v ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfaf6 #=@=$ u ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf
@=@=!=# u ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfaf6 #=@=% cGo ljQLo ;+:yfdf
@=@=@ ljb]zL d'b|f #=@=^ ljb]zL a}+sdf
@=@=@=! s ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfaf6 #=@=^=! ef/tdf
@=# cGo ;fk6L #=@=^=@ cGo ljb]zL d'n'sdf
@=#=! :jb]zL d'b|f $= C0fkq tyf cGo pks/0fdf nufgL
@=#=!=! s ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfaf6 $=! g]kfn ;/sf/
@=#=!=@ v ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfaf6 $=!=! 6]h/L lan
@=#=!=# u ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfaf6 $=!=@ ljsf; C0fkq
@=#=!=$ cGo ljQLo ;+:yf $=!=# /fli6o art kq
@=#=@ ljb]zL d'b|f $=!=$ ljz]if C0fkq
@=#=@=! s ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt;+:yfaf6 $=!=% l/e;{ l/kf]
@=#=@=@ ljb]zL a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf $=@ g]=/f=a}+s
@=#=@=@ cGo ljQLo ;+:yf $=@=! C0fkq
@=$ C0fkq tyf aG8 $=@=@ l8kf]lh6 cS;g
@=% o'jf:j/f]huf/ sf]if $=# 3 ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] C0fkq
@=^ ul/aL lgjf/0f sf]if $=$ ;/sf/L u}/ ljQLo ;+:yf
@=& u|fdL0f :jfjnDag sf]if $=% cGo u}/ ljQLo ;+:yf
@=* cGo sf]if $=^ u}/ cfjf;Lo If]q (Non-Resident)
# lgIf]k %= ;]o/ tyf cGo nufgL
#=! rNtL %=! ;]o/df nufgL
#=!=! :jb]zL d'b|fdf %=!=! s ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?

206
#=!=!=! ;+:yfut %=!=@ v ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
#=!=!=!=! s ju{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? %=!=# u ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
#=!=!=!=@ v ju{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? %=!=$ 3 ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
#=!=!=!=# u ju{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? %=!=% art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?
#=!=!=!=$ 3 ju{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? %=!=^ k]G;g sf]if tyf aLdf ;+:yfx?
#=!=!=!=% art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yfx? %=!=& cGo ljQLo ;+:yfx?
#=!=!=!=^ u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx? %=!=* u}/ ljQLo ;/sf/L ;+:yfx?
#=!=!=!=& sd{rf/L ;+rosf]if %=!=( lghL u}/ ljQLo ;+:yfx?
#=!=!=!=* gful/s nufgL sf]if %=!=!) hUuf tyf cfjf; ljsf; sDkgLx?
#=!=!=!=( k]G;g sf]if tyf aLdf sDkgLx? %=!=!! u}/ cfjf;Lo If]q
#=!=!=!=!) cGo ljQLo ;+:yfx? %=@ cGt/a}+s nufgL
#=!=!=!=!! g]kfnL ;]gf %=@=! :jb]zL d'b|fdf
#=!=!=!=!@ g]kfn k|x/L %=@=!=! s ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
#=!=!=!=!# ;z:q k|x/L an %=@=!=@ v ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
#=!=!=!=!$ :yfgLo ;/sf/ %=@=!=# u ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
#=!=!=!=!% cGo ;/sf/L lgsfo %=@=!=$ 3 ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
#=!=!=!=!^ u}/ ljQLo ;/sf/L ;+:yfx? %=@=@ ljb]zL d'b|fdf
#=!=!=!=!& u}/ ljQLo lghL ;+:yfx? %=@=@=! s ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
#=!=!=!=!* cGo ;+:yfx? %=@=@=@ v ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
#=!=!=!=!( ljb]zL a}+sx? %=@=@=# u ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
#=!=!=!=@) ljb]zL ;+:yfx? %=@=@=$ 3 ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
#=!=!=!=@! cGo cfjf;Lo If]q %=# d'2lt lgIf]kdf u/]sf] nufgL
#=!=!=!=@@ u}/cfjf;Lo If]q %=$ ;'g -ljlgdo of]Uo_
#=!=!=@ JolQmut %=% cGo nufgL
#=!=!=@=! cfjf;Lo %=%=! :jb]zL d'b|fdf
#=!=!=@=@ u}/cfjf;Lo %=%=!=! s ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
#=!=@ ljb]zL d'b|fdf %=%=!=@ v ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
#=!=@=! ;+:yfut %=%=!=# u ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
#=!=@=!=! s ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? %=%=!=$ 3 ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
#=!=@=!=@ v ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? %=%=!=% art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?
#=!=@=!=# u ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? %=%=!=^ k]G;g sf]if tyf aLdf ;+:yfx?
#=!=@=!=$ cGo ;+:yfx? %=%=!=& cGo ljQLo ;+:yfx?
#=!=@=!=% ljb]zL a}+sx? %=%=!=* u}/ ljQLo ;/sf/L ;+:yfx?
#=!=@=!=^ ljb]zL ;+:yfx? %=%=!=( lghL u}/ ljQLo ;+:yfx?
#=!=@=!=& cGo cfjf;Lo If]q %=%=!=!) u}/ cfjf;Lo If]q
#=!=@=!=* u}/cfjf;Lo If]q %=%=@ ljb]zL d'b|fdf
#=!=@=@ JolQmut %=%=@=! s ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
#=!=@=@=! cfjf;Lo %=%=@=@ v ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
#=!=@=@=@ u}/cfjf;Lo %=%=@=# u ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
#=@ art %=%=@=$ 3 ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
#=@=! :jb]zL d'b|fdf %=%=@=% art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?
#=@=!=! ;+:yfut %=%=@=^ k]G;g sf]if tyf aLdf ;+:yfx?
#=@=!=!=! s ju{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? %=%=@=& cGo ljQLo ;+:yfx?
#=@=!=!=@ v ju{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? %=%=@=* u}/ ljQLo ;/sf/L ;+:yfx?
#=@=!=!=# u ju{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? %=%=@=( lghL u}/ ljQLo ;+:yfx?
#=@=!=!=$ 3 ju{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? %=%=@=!) u}/ cfjf;Lo If]q
#=@=!=!=% art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yfx? %=^ hUuf tyf cfjf; ljsf;
#=@=!=!=^ u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx? %=^=! hUuf vl/b tyf ljsf;
#=@=!=!=& sd{rf/L ;+rosf]if %=^=@ cfjf; lgdf{0f
#=@=!=!=* gful/s nufgL sf]if ^= shf{ tyf ;fk6
#=@=!=!=( k]G;g sf]if tyf aLdf sDkgLx? ^=! ;+:yfut
#=@=!=!=!) cGo ljQLo ;+:yfx? ^=!=! :jb]zL d'b|fdf
#=@=!=!=!! g]kfnL ;]gf ^=!=!=! s ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
#=@=!=!=!@ g]kfn k|x/L ^=!=!=@ v ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
#=@=!=!=!# ;z:q k|x/L an ^=!=!=# u ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
#=@=!=!=!$ :yfgLo ;/sf/ ^=!=!=$ 3 ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
#=@=!=!=!% cGo ;/sf/L lgsfo ^=!=!=% art tyf C0f ;xsf/L
#=@=!=!=!^ u}/ ljQLo ;/sf/L ;+:yfx? ^=!=!=^ k]G;g sf]if tyf aLdf sDkgLx?
#=@=!=!=!& u}/ ljQLo lghL ;+:yfx? ^=!=!=& cGo ljQLo ;+:yfx?
#=@=!=!=!* cGo ;+:yfx? ^=!=!=* s]Gb|Lo ;/sf/
#=@=!=!=!( ljb]zL a}+sx? ^=!=!=( :yfgLo ;/sf/
#=@=!=!=@) ljb]zL ;+:yfx? ^=!=!=!) u}/ ljQLo ;/sf/L ;+:yfgx?
#=@=!=!=@! cGo cfjf;Lo If]q ^=!=!=!! lghL u}/ljQLo ;+:yf?

207
#=@=!=!=@@ u}/cfjf;Lo If]q ^=!=@ ljb]zL d'b|fdf
#=@=!=@ JolQmut ^=!=@=! s ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
#=@=!=@=! cfjf;Lo ^=@=!=@ v ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
#=@=!=@=@ u}/cfjf;Lo ^=@=!=# u ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
#=@=@ ljb]zL d'b|fdf ^=@=!=$ cGo ljQLo ;+:yfx?
#=@=@=! ;+:yfut ^=@=!=% u}/ljQLo ;/sf/L ;+:yfx?
#=@=@=!=! s ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? ^=@=!=% lghL u}/ljQLo ;+:yfx?
#=@=@=!=@ v ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? ^=@ JolQmut
#=@=@=!=# u ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? ^=@=! :jb]zL d'b|f
#=@=@=!=$ cGo ;+:yfx? ^=@=@ ljb]zL d'b|f
#=@=@=!=% ljb]zL a}+sx? ^=# u}/ cfjf;Lo If]q
#=@=@=!=^ ljb]zL ;+:yfx? ^=#=! :jb]zL d'b|f
#=@=@=!=& cGo cfjf;Lo If]q ^=#=@ ljb]zL d'b|f
#=@=@=!=* u}/cfjf;Lo If]q ^=$ o'jf :j/f]huf/ sf]if
#=@=@=@ JolQmut &= lan vl/b
#=@=@=@=! cfjf;Lo &=! :jb]zL lan vl/b
#=@=@=@=@ u}/cfjf;Lo &=!=! ;+:yfut
#=# d'2lt &=!=@ JolQmut
#=#=! :jb]zL d'b|fdf &=@ ljb]zL lan vl/b
#=#=!=! ;+:yfut &=@=! ef/tdf e'QmfgL x'g]
#=#=!=!=! s ju{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? &=!=! ;+:yfut
#=#=!=!=@ v ju{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? &=!=@ JolQmut
#=#=!=!=# u ju{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? &=@=@ cGo d'n'sdf e'QmfgL x'g]
#=#=!=!=$ 3 ju{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? &=!=! ;+:yfut
#=#=!=!=% art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yfx? &=!=@ JolQmut
#=#=!=!=^ u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx? &=# cfoft lan vl/b
#=#=!=!=& sd{rf/L ;+rosf]if ]*= sn]S;gdf lnOPsf lanx?df ;fk6
#=#=!=!=* gful/s nufgL sf]if *=! :jb]zL lansf] lwtf]df
#=#=!=!=( k]G;g sf]if tyf aLdf sDkgLx? *=@ ljb]zL lansf] lwtf]df
#=#=!=!=!) cGo ljQLo ;+:yfx? (= l:y/ ;DklQ
#=#=!=!=!! g]kfnL ;]gf (=! hUuf
#=#=!=!=!@ g]kfn k|x/L (=@ ejg
#=#=!=!=!# ;z:q k|x/L an (=# kmlg{r/lkmS;r/
#=#=!=!=!$ :yfgLo ;/sf/ (=$ ;jf/L ;fwg
#=#=!=!=!% cGo ;/sf/L lgsfo (=% sDKo'6/ tyf d]zLg/L
#=#=!=!=!^ u}/ ljQLo ;/sf/L ;+:yfx? (=^ k'FhLut lgdf{0f vr{
#=#=!=!=!& u}/ ljQLo lghL ;+:yfx? (=& lnh xf]N8 ;DklQ
#=#=!=!=!* cGo ;+:yfx? (=* ;6j]o/
#=#=!=!=!( ljb]zL a}+sx? (=( cGo
#=#=!=!=@) ljb]zL ;+:yfx? !)= cGo ;DklQ
#=#=!=!=@! cGo cfjf;Lo If]q !)=! c;'n ug{ afFsL Aofh
#=#=!=!=@@ u}/cfjf;Lo If]q !)=!=! nufgLdf
#=#=!=@ JolQmut !)=!=!=! ;/sf/L C0fkqdf
#=#=!=@=! cfjf;Lo !)=!=!=@ cGo nufgLdf
#=#=!=@=@ u}/cfjf;Lo !)=!=!=@=! :jb]zL d'b|fdf
#=#=@ ljb]zL d'b|fdf !)=!=!=@=@ ljb]zL d'b|fdf
#=#=@=! ;+:yfut !)=!=@ shf{ ;fk6df
#=#=@=!=! s ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? !)=!=#=! ;+:yfut
#=#=@=!=@ v ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? !)=!=#=!=! :jb]zL d'b|fdf
#=#=@=!=# u ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? !)=!=#=!=!=! 3 ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
#=#=@=!=$ cGo ;+:yfx? !)=!=#=!=!=@ cGo ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
#=#=@=!=% ljb]zL a}+sx? !)=!=#=!=!=% art tyf C0f ;xsf/L
#=#=@=!=^ ljb]zL ;+:yfx? !)=!=#=!=!=^ k]G;g sf]if tyf aLdf sDkgLx?
#=#=@=!=& cGo cfjf;Lo If]q !)=!=#=!=!=& cGo ljQLo ;+:yfx?
#=#=@=!=* u}/cfjf;Lo If]q !)=!=#=!=!=!) u}/ ljQLo ;/sf/L ;+:yfgx?
#=#=@=@ JolQmut !)=!=#=!=!=!! lghL u}/ljQLo ;+:yf?
#=#=@=@=! cfjf;Lo !)=!=#=!=@ ljb]zL d'b|fdf
#=#=@=@=@ u}/cfjf;Lo !)=!=#=!=@=! Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
#=$ dfu]sf] avt lbg'kg]{ /sd !)=!=#=!=@=@ cGo ljQLo ;+:yfx?
#=$=! :jb]zL d'b|fdf !)=!=#=!=@=# lghL u}/ljQLo ;+:yfgx?
#=$=!=! ;+:yfut !)=!=#=@ JolQmut
#=$=!=!=! s ju{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? !)=!=#=@=! :jb]zL d'b|f

208
#=$=!=!=@ v ju{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? !)=!=#=@=@ ljb]zL d'b|f
#=$=!=!=# u ju{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? !)=!=#=# u}/ cfjf;Lo If]q
#=$=!=!=$ 3 ju{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? !)=!=#=#=! :jb]zL d'b|f
#=$=!=!=% art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yfx? !)=!=#=#=@ ljb]zL d'b|f
#=$=!=!=^ u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx? !)=!=#=$ o'jf :j/f]huf/ sf]if
#=$=!=!=& sd{rf/L ;+rosf]if !)=!=$ cGo
#=$=!=!=* gful/s nufgL sf]if !)=@ d;nGb df}Hbft
#=$=!=!=( k]G;g sf]if tyf aLdf sDkgLx? !)=# sd{rf/L ;fk6Lk]ZsL
#=$=!=!=!) cGo ljQLo ;+:yfx? !)=$ ;08L 8]6;{
#=$=!=!=!! g]kfnL ;]gf !)=% clu|d e'QmfgL
#=$=!=!=!@ g]kfn k|x/L !)=^ lSnol/ r]s
#=$=!=!=!# ;z:q k|x/L an !)=^=! :jb]zL d'b|f
#=$=!=!=!$ :yfgLo ;/sf/ !)=^=@ ljb]zL d'b|f
#=$=!=!=!% cGo ;/sf/L lgsfo !)=& dfu{:y gub (Cash in Transit)
#=$=!=!=!^ u}/ ljQLo ;/sf/L ;+:yfx? !)=* lagf ;'rgf e'QmfgL lbOPsf 8f6
#=$=!=!=!& u}/ ljQLo lghL ;+:yfx? !)=( clu|d s/ e'QmfgL
#=$=!=!=!* cGo ;+:yfx? !)=!) Voflt
#=$=!=!=!( ljb]zL a}+sx? !)=!@ cGo
#=$=!=!=@) ljb]zL ;+:yfx? !!= ckn]vg x'g afFsL vr{
#=$=!=!=@! cGo cfjf;Lo If]q !!=! k'j{ ;~rfng vr{
#=$=!=!=@@ u}/cfjf;Lo If]q !!=@ dh{/ vr{
#=$=!=@ JolQmut !!=# cGo
#=$=!=@=! cfjf;Lo !@= u}/ a}+ls ;DklQ
#=$=!=@=@ u}/cfjf;Lo !#= lx;fj ldnfg
#=$=@ ljb]zL d'b|fdf !# =! s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
#=$=@=! ;+:yfut !#=@ zfvf sfof{no
#=$=@=!=! s ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? !#=# lgj[lQe/0f
#=$=@=!=@ v ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? !#=$ ;/sf/L sf/f]af/
#=$=@=!=# u ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? !#=% C0fsf]if
#=$=@=!=$ cGo ;+:yfx? !$= sG6f lx;fj
#=$=@=!=% ljb]zL a}+sx? !$=! sn]S;gdf lnOPsf lanx?
#=$=@=!=^ ljb]zL ;+:yfx? !$=!=! :jb]zL d'b|f
#=$=@=!=& cGo cfjf;Lo If]q !$=!=!=! cfjf;Lo
#=$=@=!=* u}/cfjf;Lo If]q !$=!=!=@ u}/ cfjf;Lo
#=$=@=@ JolQmut !$=!=@ ljb]zL d'b|f
#=$=@=@=! cfjf;Lo !$=!=@=! cfjf;Lo
#=$=@=@=@ u}/cfjf;Lo !$=!=@=@ u}/ cfjf;Lo
#=%= ;l6{lkms]6 ckm l8kf]lh6 !%= gfkmfgf]S;fg lx;fj
#=%=! ;+:yfut !%=! ut dlxgf;Dds]f
#=%=!=! cfjf;Lo !%=@ o; dlxgfsf]
#=%=!=@ u}/cfjf;Lo
#=%=@ JolQmut
#=%=@=! cfjf;Lo
#=%=@=@ u}/cfjf;Lo
#=^ dflh{g lx;fa
#=^=! :jb]zL d'b|f
#=^=!=! cfjf;Lo
#=^=!=@ u}/cfjf;Lo
#=^=@ ljb]zL d'b|f
#=^=@=! cfjf;Lo
#=^=@=@ u}/cfjf;Lo
#=& vhfGrLsf] hdfgt
#=* e'StfgL Dofb gf3]sf] d'2lt lgIf]k
#=( cGo
$= e'QmfgL lbg'kg]{ lanx?
$=! :jb]zL d'b|f
$=!=! 8f6
$=!=!=! cfjf;Lo If]q
$=!=!=@ u}/ cfj;Lo If]q
$=!=@ e'QmfgL cfb]z (Pay order)
$=!=@=! cfjf;Lo If]q
$=!=@=@ u}/ cfj;Lo If]q
$=@ ljb]zL d'b|f

209
 $=@=! 8f6
$=@=!=! cfjf;Lo If]q
$=@=!=@ u}/ cfj;Lo If]q
$=@=@ e'QmfgL cfb]z
$=@=@=! cfjf;Lo If]q
$=@=@=@ u}/ cfj;Lo If]q
%= cGo bfloTj tyf Joj:yfx?
%=! ;08L q]ml86;{
%=@ k]G;g tyf pkbfg sf]if
%=# sd{rf/L ;+rosf]if
%=$ sd{rf/L sNof0fsf]if
%=% sd{rf/L tflndsf]if
%=^ sd{rf/L af]g; Joj:yf
%=& k|:tfljt tyf e'QmfgL lbg afFsL nfef+z
%=* cfos/ Joj:yf
%=( shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
%=(=! ;fdfGo shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
%=(=@ ljz]if shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
%=(=@=! k'g/;+/rgfk'g/tflnlss/0f shf{
%=(=@=@ sd;n shf{
%=(=@=# z+sf:kb shf{
%=(=@=$ v/fa shf{
%=(=@=% Psn u|fxs ;Ldf gf3]sf] shf{
%=(=@=^ JolQmut hdfgLt];|f]kIfsf] lwtf]df k|jfx
ePsf] shf{ -yk @) k|ltzt_
%=(=# cltl/Qm shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
%=!) nufgL ;DaGwL gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
%=!! u}/ a}+ls ;DklQ gf]S;fgL Joj:Yff
%=!@ cGo ;DklQ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
%=!# Aofh d'NtaL lx;fj
%=!#=! ut cjlw;Ddsf]
%=!#=@ o; cjlwdf yk
%=!#=# o; cjlwdf c;'nL ePsf]
%=!$ lgIf]kdf lbg'kg]{ Aofh
%=!$=! art
%=!$=@= d'2lt
%=!$=# cGo
%=!% lgIf]k Aofhs/
%=!^ x|f; sL sf]if
%=!& kfsL g;s]sf] cfDbfgL
%=!* cGo
^= lx;fj ldnfg
^=! s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
^=@ If]qLozfvf sfof{no
^=# lgj[lQ e/0f
^=$ ;/sf/L sf/f]af/
^=% C0fsf]if
&= sG6f lx;fj
&=! sn]S;gdf lnOPsf lanx?
&=!=! :jb]zL d'b|f
&=!=!=! cfjf;Lo
&=!=!=@ u}/ cfjf;Lo
&=!=@ ljb]zL d'b|f
&=!=@=! cfjf;Lo
&=!=@=@ u}/ cfjf;Lo
*= gfkmf gf]S;fg lx;fj
*=! ut dlxgf;Ddsf]
*=@ o; dlxgfsf]
hDdf hDdf
gf]6M dfly tf]lsPsf] s'g} zLif{s cGtu{t /sd g/x]sf] eP tfklg ;f] zLif{s sfod} /fvL o; a}+sn] tf]s]sf] 9fFrfdf s'g} kl/jt{g ug{ kfOg] 5}g . o;
kmf/fdsf pkzLif{sx?df ePsf sf/f]af/x? lglb{i6 :yfgdf clgjfo{ ?kdf b]vfO{ To;sf] hf]8 k|To]s pkzLif{s xF'b} d"n zLif{s;Dd ug'{ kg]{5 .

210
jf;nft aflx/sf sf/f]af/ -;Defljt bfloTjx?_ M
!= sn]S;gdf /x]sf lanx?M
s= :jb]zL d'b|f
v= ljb]zL d'b|f
@= km/jf8{ PS:r]~h sG6fS6sf] afFsL bfloTjx
#= k|lttkqx? -dflh{g g36fO{ k'/f /sd_M
s= ^ dlxgfeGbf sd cjlwsf]
v= ^ dlxgfeGbf a9L cjlwsf]
$= cGt/f{li6o >]0fLs[t (Rated) ljb]zL Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] sfp06/ Uof/]06Ldf hf/L u/]sf] Uof/]06L
%= Dofb gfl3g;s]sf] Uof/]06L aG8M
s= la8 aG8
v= k/km/d]G; aG8
^= k|Tofe"lt ;DaGwL k|ltj4tf (Underwriting commitment)
&= k'gM vl/b ug]{ zt{df laqmL u/]sf] shf{
*= clu|d e'QmfgL Uof/]06L (Advance Payment Guarantee)
(= ljQLo tyf cGo hdfgt (Financial and other Guarantee)
!)= ckl/jTo{ shf{ k|lta4tf (Irrevocable Loan Commitment)
!!= cfos/ jfkt ;Defljt bfloTj (Contingent Liabilities on Income Tax)
!@= Acceptance, Endorsement ;lxt cGo ;a} k|sf/sf ;Defljt bfloTjx?
!#= k'gM l8:sfpG6 ul/Psf lanx
!$= r'Qmf jf e'Qmfg x'g afFsL ;]o/ nufgL
!%= e'QmfgLsf] nflu bfjL k/]sf] hdfgt
!^= ;+:yfpk/ bfjL k/]sf] t/ ;+:yfn] bfloTj :jLsf/ gu/]sf] ;Defljt bfloTjx?

---------------------------------------------------
* cGo hu]8f tyf sf]ifx? cGtu{t nufgLdf /x]sf] /sdnfO{ ;d]t v'nfpg' (Disclose) kg]{5 .
** Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?sf] gfd v'nfpg' kg]{5 . o;sf] nflu 5'} kmf/fd k|of]u ug{ ;lsg]5 .

ljj/0f tof/ ug]{sf] ljj/0f k]z ug]{ clws[tsf]

gfd M gfd M
bhf{ M bhf{ M
b:tvt M b:tvt M
ldlt M ldlt M

211
 g]=/f=a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+=(=@
========================================== lnld6]8
gfkmf gf]S;fg lx;fj
@) ====== b]lv @) ========= ;Dd -dfl;s_
-?=bz nfvdf_
vr{ o; dlxgf ut dlxgf cfDbfgL o; dlxgf ut dlxgf
;Ddsf] = ;Ddsf] = ;Ddsf] = ;Ddsf] =
!= Aofh vr{ != Aofh cfDbfgL
!=! lgIf]k bfloTjdf !=! shf{ ;fk6df
!=!=! artdf !=@ nufgLdf
!=!=@ d'2ltdf !=@=! g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;'/If0fkq
!=!=@=! # dlxgf;Ddsf] d'2ltdf !=@=@ ljb]zL C0fkq
!=!=@=@ # b]lv ^ dlxg;Ddsf] d'2ltdf !=@=# g]kfn /fi6 a}+ssf] C0fkq
!=!=@=# ^ dlxgfb]lv ! jif{;Ddsf] d'2ltdf !=@=$ l8a]~r/ tyf aG8
!=!=@=$ ! jif{eGbf dflysf] d'2ltdf !=# Ph]G;L df}Hbftdf
!=!=# dfu]sf] avt ltg'{kg]{ lgIf]kdf !=$ dfu tyf cNk ;'rgfdf k|fKt x'g]
!=!=$ ;l6{lkms]6 ckm l8kf]lh6df df}Hbftdf
!=@ cGt/ a}+s/ ljQLo ;+:yf ;fk6L !=% cGodf
!=@=! g]kfn /fi6 a}+s @= sld;g tyf l8isfp06
!=@=@ cGt/ a}+s/ ljQLo ;+:yf @=! lan vl/b tyf l8isfp06
!=@=# cGo ;fk6L @=@ sldzg
@ sld;g vr{ @=# cGo
#= sd{rf/L vr{ #= ;6xL 36a9 cfDbfgL
#=! tna eQf #=! ljlgdob/df ePsf] km/saf6
#=@ cGo vr{ #=@ ljb]zL d'b|f sf/f]af/af6 -af afx]s_
$= ;~rfng vr{ $= cGo ;~rfng cfDbfgL
$=! 3/ef8f %= u}/ ;~rfng cfDbfgL
$=@ x|f;sL ^= hf]lvd ;DaGwL Joj:yfaf6 lkmtf{
$=# d;nGb -cfDbfgL_
$=$ OFwg ^=! ;fdfGo shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
$=% cGo ;~rfng vr{ ^=@ ljz]if shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
%= ;6xL 36a9 gf]S;fgL ^=@=! k'g/;+/rgfk'g/tflnlss/0f shf{
%=! ljlgdob/df ePsf] km/saf6 gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
%=@ ljb]zL d'b|f sf/f]af/af6 -af afx]s_ ^=@=@ sd;n shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
^= u}/ ;~rfng vr{ ^=@=# z+sf:kb shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
&= hf]lvd ;DaGwL Joj:yf ^=@=$ v/fa shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
&=! shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf ^=@=% Psn u|fxs ;Ldf gf3]sf] shf{sf]
&=!=! ;fdfGo shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
&=!=@ ljz]if shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf ^=@=^ JolQmtu hdfgLt];|f]kIfsf] lwtf]df
&=!=@=! k'g/;+/rgfk'g/tflnlss/0f shf{ k|jfx ePsf] shf{sf] yk gf]S;fgL
gf]S;fgL Joj:yf Joj:yf
&=!=@=@ sd;n shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf ^=# cltl/Qm shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
&=!=@=# z+sf:kb shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf ^=$ u}/ a}+ls ;DklQ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
&=!=@=$ v/fa shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf ^=% nufgLdf ;Defljt gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
&=!=@=% Psn u|fxs ;Ldf gf3]sf] shf{sf] gf]S;fgL ^=^ nufgL ;dfof]hg sf]if lkmtf{
Joj:yf ^=& cGo ;DklQsf] gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
&=!=@=^ JolQmtu hdfgLt];|f]kIfsf] lwtf]df k|jfx &= ckn]vg ePsf] shf{sf] c;'nL
ePsf] shf{sf] yk gf]S;fgL Joj:yf *= c;fdfGo sf/f]af/x?af6 ePsf]
&=!=# cltl/Qm shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf cfDbfgL
&=@ u}/ a}+ls ;DklQ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf (= v'b gf]S;fg
&=# nufgLdf ;Defljt gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
&=$ nufgL ;dfof]hg sf]if
&=% cGo ;DklQsf] gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
*= c;'nL x'g g;Sg] shf{sf] ckn]vg
(= c;fdfGo sf/f]af/x?af6 ePsf] vr{
!)= sd{rf/L af]g; Joj:yf
!!= cfos/ Joj:yf
!@= v'b gfkmf
hDdf hDdf
ljj/0f tof/ ug]{ ljj/0f k]z ug]{ clws[t
b:tvt M b:tvt M
gfd M gfd M
bhf{ M bhf{ M
ldlt M ldlt M

gf]6 M !_ dfl;s ?kdf x|f; sL vr{ / cGo vr{ ;DalGwt vr{ zLif{s cGtu{t ;dfj]z x'g' kg]{5 .

212
 @_ x/]s qodf; cGtsf] gfkmf gf]S;fg lx;fj tof/ ubf{ clgjfo{ ?kn] shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf nufot cGo gf]S;fgL Joj:yfdf ePsf] yk jf
36 /sd oyfy{ lrq0f x'g] u/L n]vfg ug'{ kg]{5 .
#_ sd{rf/L af]g; / cfos/sf] nflu pko'{Qm cg'dfg u/L a}+s Joj:yfkgn] ;DalGwt cjlwx?df Joj:yf ug]{ tyf n]vfg ug{' kg]{5 .

g]=/f=a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+=(=#

========================================== lnld6]8
If]qut -k|of]hg_ cg';f/sf] shf{ tyf ;fk6sf] ljj/0f -dfl;s_
@) ======== ;fn =============== dlxgfsf] ljj/0f
-?= bz nfvdf_
ut d;fGt;Ddsf] o; dlxgfdf o; dlxgfdf d;fGt;Dddf
efvf gf3]sf]
qm;+= afFsL ljtl/t c;"nL p7fpg afFsL
;+Vof ;fFjf ;+Vof ;fFjf ;+Vof ;fFjf ;+Vof ;fFjf Aofh ;+Vof ;fFjf Aofh
pBf]uIf]qx?
! s[lif / jg ;DaGwL
!=! cGgafnL
!=@ t/sf/L afnL
!=# lrofskmL
!=$ ;'lt{
!=% ;gkf6
!=^ cGo gub] afnL
!=& kmnkm"n tyf k'ik v]tL
!=* zLt e08f/0f
!=( dnvfb tyf ls6gfzs
!=!) kz'kfngkz' awzfnf
!=!! k+IfL kfng
!=!@ dfx'/L kfng
!=!# cGo s[lif tyf s[lif hGo ;]jfx?
!=!$ l;rfO{
!=!% ag
@ df5fkfng ;DaGwL
# vfgL ;DaGwL
#=! wft' tyf wfp -kmnfd, l;;f OToflb_
#=@ sf]Onf
#=# r'g9'f
#=$ DofUg];fO6
#=% v/L
#=^ t]n tyf Uof; k|zf]rg (Extraction)
#=& vfgL ;DaGwL cGo
$ s[lif, ag tyf k]okbfy{ pTkfbg ;DaGwL
$=! vfB pTkfbg -Kofs ug]{, k|f];]l; ug]{_
$=@ s[lif, jg k}bfjf/ pTkfbg
$=@=! lrgL
$=@=@ ;"lt{ k|zf]wg
$=@=# lr/fg tyf sfi7 pTkfbgkmlg{r/
$=@=$ cGo
$=# k]o kbfy{ -ljo/, dbL/f, ;f]8f OToflb_
$=#=! dlb/fhGo
$=#=@ dlb/f/lxt
% u}/vfB j:t' pTkfbg ;DaGwL
%=! x:tsnf
%=@ a'gfO{ (Textile) pTkfbg Pjd\ tof/L kf]zfs
%=# sfuh tyf ;Da4 pTkfbg
%=$ 5kfO tyf k|sfzg
%=% cf}ifwL
%=^ k|zf]lwt t]n tyf sf]Onf pTkfbg
%=& vf]6f] tyf tf/lkg
%=* /a/sf] 6fo/
%=( 5fnf
%=!) Knfli6s
%=!! l;d]06
%=!@ kTy/, df6f] tyf l;;fsf pTkfbgx?
%=!# cGo lgdf{0f ;fdu|L pTkfbg
%=!$ wft' cfwf/e"t kmnfd tyf l:6n Knf06
%=!% wft' cGo KnfG6Hof;n
%=!^ ljljw pTkfbg

213
^ lgdf{0f
^=! cfjf;Lo -3/fo;L k|of]hg_
^=@ u}/ cfjf;Lo -Jofkfl/s k|of]hg_
^=# a[xt (Heavy) lgdf{0f -/fhdfu{, k'n OToflb_
&= ljB't, Uof; / kfgL
&=! phf{
&=!=! hnljB't
&=!=@ gjLs/0fLo phf{
&=@ cGo ljB't ;]jf
&=# UofF; tyf UofF; kfOk nfOg ;]jf
&=$ kfgL
* wft'sf pTkfbgx?, d]l;g/L tyf On]S6f]lgs cf}hf/
tyf h8fg
*=! h8fg ul/Psf (Fabricated) wft'sf ;fdfgx?
*=@ d]lzg cf}hf/
*=@=! s[lif hGo
*=@=@ d]lzg/L lgdf{0f, t]n If]q, vfgL ;DaGwL
*=@=# d]lzg/L clkm; Pjd\ sDKo'l6 (Computing)
*=@=$ d]lzg/L cGo ;a}
*=# ljB'tLo pks/0f
*=$ 3/fo;L pks/0f Pjd\ cGo vKg] ;fdfg
*=% ;+rf/ pks/0f
*=^ On]S6f]lgs kf6{k"hf{
*=& lrlsT;f ;DaGwL pks/0f
*=* h]g]/]6/x?
*=( 3 (Turbines)
( oftfoft , e08f/ / ;+rf/
(=! df]6/uf8L, kf6{k"hf tyf ;xfos ;fdu|Lx?
(=@ h]6af]6hn oftfoft
(=# jfo'ofg tyf jfo'ofgsf] kf6{k"hf{
(=$ oftfoft ;DaGwL cGo pTkfbgx?
(=% /]ndfu{ tyf ;8s ofqL cf];f/k;f/sf ;fwgx?
(=^ 6s ;]jf tyf uf]bfd Joj:yf
(=& cGo ;a} ;]jf
!) yf]s tyf v'b|f ljq]mtf
!)=! yf]s Jofkf/ vKg] ;fdfg
!)=@ yf]s Jofkf/ gvKg] ;fdfg
!)=# Automotive Dealer/franchise
!)=$ cGo v'b|f Jofkf/
!)=% cfoft Jofkf/
!)=^ lgof{t Jofkf/
!! ljQ, aLdf tyf crn ;DklQ
!!=! s ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
!!=@ v ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
!!=# u ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
!!=$ 3 ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
!!=% art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?
!!=^ k]G;g sf]if tyf aLdf ;+:yfx?
!!=& cGo ljQLo ;+:yf
!!=* u}/ ljQLo ;/sf/L ;+:yfg
!!=( lghL u}/ ljQLo ;+:yfgx?
!!=!! cGo nufgL ;+:yfx?
!!=!@ crn ;DklQ (Real Estate)
!@ ko{6g ;]jf
!@=! 6]ls, 6fen Ph]G;L, kj{tf/f]x0f, l/;f]6{, /fl6,
SoflDk cflb
!@=@ xf]6n -cGo ;]jf ;d]t_
!@=# dgf]/+hg, l/lqmP;g, rnlrq
!# cGo ;]jfx?
!#=! lj1fkg ;]jf
!#=@ Automotive ;]jf
!#=# cGo ;a} ;]jf sDkgLx?
!#=$ c:ktfn, lSnlgs OToflb
!#=% lzIff ;]jf
!$ pkef]Uo shf{
!$=! ;'g, rfFbL
!$=@ d'2lt /l;b
!$=# ;'/If0f kq

214
!$=$ q]ml86 sf8{
!$=% xfo/ kr]{h -JolQmut pkof]u shf{_
!% :yfgLo ;/sf/
!^ cGo
hDdf

g]=/f=a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+=(=# -s_

============================================== a}+sljQLo ;+:yf
k|of]hg cg';f/sf] Productwise shf{ ;fk6sf] ljj/0f
@)==============dlxgf -dfl;s_
-/sd ?=nfvdf_
ut dlxgfsf] o; dlxgfsf]
qm= ;+= shf{sf] k|sf/
km08]8 ggkm08]8 s'n km08]8 ggkm08]8 s'n
!= cfjlws shf{
-s_ cf}Bf]lus ;+:yf
-v_ Jofkfl/s ;+:yf
-u_ ;]jf Joj;fo ;+:yf
-3_ cGo
@= cf]e/8f6
-s_ cf}Bf]lus ;+:yf
-v_ Jofkfl/s ;+:yf
-u_ ;]jf Joj;fo ;+:yf
-3_ cGo
#= 6i6 l/l;K6 shf{cfoft shf{
-s_ cf}Bf]lus ;+:yf
-v_ Jofkfl/s ;+:yf
-u_ ;]jf Joj;fo ;+:yf
-3_ cGo
$= l8df08 tyf cGo rfn' k'FhL shf{
-s_ cf}Bf]lus ;+:yf
-v_ Jofkfl/s ;+:yf
-u_ ;]jf Joj;fo ;+:yf
-3_ cGo
%= JolQmut cfjf;Lo 3/ shf{ -?= ! s/f]8;Ddsf]_
^= l/on :6]6 shf{ ;fk6
-c_ cfjf;Lo 3/ shf{ -?= ! s/f]8;Ddsf]
JolQmut cfjf;Lo 3/ shf{ afx]s_
-cf_ Jofj;flos ejg tyf cfjf;Lo ckf6{d]06
lgdf{0f shf{
-O_ lgdf{0f ;DkGg eO{ cfo cfh{g ug{ yfn]sf]
Jofkfl/s sDKn]S; shf{
-O{_ cGo l/on :6]6 shf{ -hUufhdLg vl/b tyf
Knl6+u shf{ ;d]t_
!= hUufhdLg vl/b tyf Knl6 shf{
@= s'g} k|of]hg gv'nfO{ hUuf, hldg lwtf]
/fvL k|jfx ePsf ?=%) nfv jf ;f] eGbf j9L
/sdsf Personal Loan, Mortgage Loan, Flexi Loan
k|s[ltsf shf{
#= cGo
&= Dfflh{g k|s[ltsf] shf{
-s_ ! s/f]8eGbf j9L /sdsf] shf{
-v_ ?=%) nfvb]lv ?=! s/f]8;Ddsf shf{
-u_ ?=@% nfvb]lv ?=%) nfv;Ddsf] shf{
-3_ ?=@% nfveGbf sd /sdsf] shf{
*= xfo/kr{]h shf{
-s_ Jofkfl/s k|of]hg
-v_ JolQmut k|of]hg
(= ljkGg ju{ shf{

215
!)= laN; vl/b
!!= cGo k|f]8S6x?
-s_ qm]l86 sf8{
-v_ z}lIfs shf{
-u_ ;fgf tyf demf}nf pBdL shf{
-3_ =======================================
-_ =======================================
s'n

k|li6s/0f M
!= cfjlws shf{ M
o; cGtu{t kg{] cfjlws shf{ (Term Loan) eGgfn] k'FhLut k|s[ltsf] vr{sf] nflu Ps jif{eGbf j9L cjlwsf]
nflu k|jfx ePsf] shf{nfO{ ;Demg' kb{5 . Ps jif{eGbf sd cjlwsf] cfjlws shf{ ePdf l8df08 tyf cGo rfn'
k'FhL shf{ zLif{sdf hgfpg' kg{]5 . To;}u/L ls:tfjGbLdf jf Psd'i6 c;'n ug{] u/L k|jflxt s'g} klg cjlwsf]
cfjf;Lo 3/ shf{, l/on :6]6 shf{, xfo/kr{]h shf{ nufotsf cGo zLif{sdf kg{] u/L k|jflxt cfjlws shf{ o;
cGtu{t ghgfO{ ;DalGwt zLif{sdf g} hgfpg' kg{]5 .
@= cf]e/8f6 shf{ M
cf]e/8f6 ;'ljwf pknAw u/fpg kfpg] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] cfgf JolQmut jf ;+:yfut u|fxsx?nfO{
cf]e/8f6 ;Ldf k|bfg u/L jf rNtL lgIf]k vftfdf cf]e/8g ;'ljwf pknAw u/fO{ shf{ k|jfx u/L jSof}tf /x]sf]
/sd o; zLif{sdf hgfpg' kg{]5 .
#= 6i6 l/l;K6 shf{cfoft shf{ M
k|lttkq dfkm{t ;fdfg cfoft ug{] k|of]hgsf] nflu pknAw u/fOPsf] cfoft shf{nfO{ 6i6 l/l;K6 shf{sf] ?kdf
hgfpg' kg{]5 eg] o; zLif{s cGtu{t cfoftsf] nflu k|jfx ul/Psf] cGo shf{x? ePdf To:tf cGo cfoft
shf{x?nfO{ ;d]t ;dfj]z u/L o;} zLif{s cGtu{t hgfpg' kg{]5 . t/, :jb]zL k|lttkqdf o; k|sf/sf] shf{ k|bfg
ug{ kfO{g] 5}g .
$= l8df08 tyf cGo rfn' k'FhL shf{ M
l8df08 tyf cGo rfn' k'FhL shf{ cGtu{t Hypothecation, Working Capital, Short Term Loan, Demand
Loan, Time Loan, Cash Credit nufotsf cGo rfn' k'FhL k|s[ltsf ;a} shf{x? ;dfj]z x'g] 5g\ .
%= l/on :6]6 shf{ ;fk6 M
l/on :6]6sf] nflu k|jfx ul/Psf] shf{ ;fk6 eGgfn] lgDgfg';f/sf] shf{ ;fk6nfO{ ;Demg' kb{5 .
-c_ cfjf;Lo 3/ shf{ -Residential Real Estate_
-cf_ Jofj;flos ejg tyf cfjf;Lo ckf6{d]06 lgdf{0f shf{ -l/on :6]6 sDkgLnfO{ k|jfx ul/Psf] ax'cfjf;Lo
ckf6{d]06 shf{ / JolQmut cfjf; sf]nf]gL shf{_
-O_ lgdf{0f ;DkGg eO{ cfo cfh{g ug{ yfn]sf] Jofkfl/s sDKn]S; shf{ .
-O{_ cGo l/on :6]6 shf{ -hUufhdLg vl/b tyf Knl6+u shf{ ;d]t_
!= hUufhdLg vl/b tyf Knl6 shf{
@= s'g} k|of]hg gv'nfO{ hUuf, hldg lwtf] /fvL k|jfx ePsf ?=%) nfv jf ;f] eGbf j9L /sdsf
Personal Loan, Mortgage Loan, Flexi Loan k|s[ltsf shf{
#= cGo
t/, lgDglnlvt shf{nfO{ l/on :6]6 shf{ dflgg] 5}g .
hUuf ljsf; tyf ejg lgdf{0fdf ;+nUg g/x]sf Jofkfl/scf}Bf]lus kmd{sDkgLn] cfgf] lgoldt
Jofkfl/scf}Bf]lus shf{sf] nflu cGo ;'/If0fsf cltl/Qm 3/ hUuf lwtf] /fv]sf shf{x?,
?=! s/f]8;Ddsf JolQmut cfjf;Lo 3/ shf{ .
cfjf;Lo 3/ shf{ eGgfn] a}+sljQLo ;+:yfn] u|fxssf] cfo;|f]t x]/L ;f] ;|f]tn] kof{Kt wfGg] ls:tf
sfod u/L 3/ lgdf{0f jf vl/bsf] nflu k|jfx u/]sf] cfjf;Lo 3/ shf{ -Residential Real Estate_
sf] jSof}tf /sdnfO{ ;Demg' kb{5 .

216
^= JolQmut cfjf;Lo 3/ shf{ ;fk6 M
?= ! s/f]8;Ddsf JolQmut cfjf;Lo 3/ shf{ eGgfn] a}+sljQLo ;+:yfn] u|fxssf] cfo;|f]t x]/L ;f] ;|f]tn]
kof{Kt wfGg] ls:tf sfod u/L pQm u|fxsn] cfkm} k|of]u ug]{ jf ef8fdf nufpg] u/L 3/ lgdf{0f, 3/ckf6{d]G6
vl/bsf] nflu k|jfx u/]sf] cfjf;Lo 3/ shf{Home Loan) sf] jSof}tf /sdnfO{ ;Demg' kb{5 .
&= dflh{g k|s[ltsf] shf{ ;fk6 M
s'g} klg JolQm jf ;+:yfnfO{ shf{ ;fk6 k|jfx ubf{ s'g} ;'rLs[t sDkgLsf] ;]o/ jf l8j]~r/ ;'/If0fsf] ?kdf lwtf]
lnO{ k|jfx ePsf shf{nfO{ dflh{g k|s[ltsf] shf{ ;fk6sf] ?kdf lnOg] 5 . t/, cGo k|of]hgsf nflu k|jflxt
shf{df yk jf cltl/Qm ;'/If0f:j?k ;'rLs[t sDkgLsf] ;]o/ jf l8j]~r/ lwtf] /fv]sf] cj:yfdf To:tf] shf{nfO{
dflh{g k|s[ltsf] shf{ dflgg] 5}g .
*= xfo/kr{]h shf{ M
o; cGtu{t Jofkfl/s lx;fjn] ef8fdf ;~rfng ug{] u/L jf k|of]u ug{] u/fpg] u/L s'g} ;jf/L ;fwg jf ;fdfg
vl/b ug{ k|jfx ul/Psf] shf{nfO{ xfo/kr{]h shf{ cGtu{tsf] Jofkfl/s k|of]hgdf hgfpg' kg{]5 eg] clGtd
k|of]ustf{ (End User) cfkm}n] k|of]u ug{] u/L ;jf/L ;fwg jf ;fdfg vl/b ug{ ljQLo ;'ljwf pknAw u/fO{
jSof}tf /x]sf] /sd JolQmut xfo/kr{]h shf{ cGtu{t hgfpg' kg{]5 . xfo/ kr]{h k|s[ltsf t/ cGo k|f]8S6 -h:t}M
Auto Loan, Vehicle Loan cflb_ cGtu{t k|jfx ePsf shf{ ;d]t o; zLif{sdf ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
(= ljkGg ju{ shf{ M
g]kfn /fi6 a}+ssf] lgb{]zgsf] clwgdf /xL k|jfx ug{' kg{] lgb{]lzt ljkGg ju{ shf{sf] jSof}tf /sd o; zLif{sdf
hgfpg' kb{5
!)= laN; vl/b M
a}+s ljQLo ;+:yfn] vl/b u/L lnPsf] r]s, 8f6, lgof{t lansf] jSof}tf /sd o; zLif{sdf hgfpg' kb{5 .
!!= cGo k|f]8S6x? M
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] k|of]udf NofPsf dfly pNn]v ePb]lv afx]ssf cGo k|f]8S6x? ePdf o; zLif{s cGtu{t
pNn]v ub{} hfg' kg{]5 . o;/L pko{'Qm ! b]lv o; zLif{s;Ddsf] ;Dk"0f{ /sdsf] s'n of]u a}+sljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;f]
ldltsf] s'n shf{ ;fk6 /sd;Fu d]n vfg' kg]{5 .
!@= cf}Bf]lus ;+:yf M
s'g} klg j:t' pTkfbg ug{], cyf{t sRrf kbfy{ jf cw{tof/L ;fdfgsf] k|of]ujf6 lglZrt dfgjd]lzg/Lsf] k|of]u
u/L d'No clej[l4 u/fO{ tof/L j:t' pTkfbg ug{] vfnsf ;+:yfnfO{ uPsf] shf{ ;fk6nfO{ o; pkzLif{sdf hgfpg'
k5{ . h:tf] M l:6n pBf]u, l;d]06 pBf]u, ljh'nL pTkfbg, h'6 pBf]u, jfo/ pBf]u, sfk{]6 pBf]u, ufd{]06 pBf]u
cflb .
!#= Jofkfl/s ;+:yf M
s'g} yk k|f];]l;Fu gu/L tof/L ;fdfg vl/blaqmL ug{] Jofj;flos ;+:yfnfO{ uPsf shf{x?sf] aSof}tf /sd o;
pkzLif{s cGtu{t hgfpg' kg{]5 . h:t}M /fli6o Jofkf/ lgud, ;fN6 6]l8 ln=, hg/n 6]l8 cflb .
!$= ;]jf Joj;fo ;+:yf M
s'g} klg j:t' pTkfbg ug{] jf vl/b laqmL ug{] geO{ u|fxsnfO{ ;]jf k|bfg ug{] clek|fon] :yflkt ;+:yfnfO{ uPsf]
shf{ ;fk6nfO{ o; pkzLif{s cGtu{t hgfpg' kg{]5 . o:tf ;+:yf gfkmfd'vL jf k/f]ksf/L ;+:yf b'a} x'g ;Sg]5g\ .
h:t}M b"/;+rf/, :s'nsn]h, gl;{ xf]d, xl:k6n, xf]6n cflb .
!%= ;fgf tyf demf}nf pBdM
b]xfosf ;Dk"0f{ cj:yf Pjd\ cfwf/ ljBdfg /x]sf] pBdnfO{ ;fgf tyf demf}nf pBd -SME_ sf] ?kdf kl/eflift
ul/Psf] 5 .
-s_ a9Ldf ?= %) nfv;Dd r'Qmf k'FhL ePsf] .
-v_ a9Ldf ?= % s/f]8;Ddsf] l:y/ ;DklQ ePsf] .
-u_ pTkfbg jf ;]jfd'ns Joj;fodf ;+nUg ePsf] .
-3_ pBdL :jo+ sf/f]af/ tyf Joj;fodf ;+nUg ePsf] .

217
 g]=/f=a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+=(=$
========================================== lnld6]8
;'/If0f cg';f/sf] shf{ tyf ;fk6sf] ljj/0f -dfl;s_
@) ========== ;fn ================ dlxgfsf] ljj/0f
-?= nfvdf_
ut d;fGtsf] o; dlxgfdf o; dlxgfdf d;fGt;Dddf
;'/If0f efvf gf3]sf]
afFsL ljtl/t c;"nL p7fpg afFsL
;+Vof ;fFjf ;+Vof ;fFjf ;+Vof ;fFjf ;+Vof ;fFjf Aofh ;+Vof ;fFjf Aofh
! ;'g rfFbL
@ ;/sf/L ;'/If0f kqx?
# u}/ ;/sf/L ;'/If0f kqx?
$ d'2lt /l;b
$=! cfg} ;+:yfsf]
$=@ cGo Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf]
% ;DklQsf] ;'/If0f
%=! l:y/ ;DklQ
5.1.1 3/hUuf
5.1.2 d]lzg/L tyf pks/0fx?
5.1.3 kmlg{r/ tyf lkmS;r/
5.1.4 ;jf/L ;fwgx?
5.1.5 cGo l:y/ ;DklQx?
%=@ rfn' ;DklQ
%=@=! s[lif k}bfjf/
5.2.2.1 wfg rfdn
5.2.2.2 ;g kf6{
5.2.2.3 cGo s[lif k}bfjf/
%=@=@ cGou}/ s[lif k}bfjf/
5.2.2.1 sRrf kbfy{
5.2.2.2 cw{ tof/L a:t'x?
5.2.2.3 tof/L a:t'x?
5.2.2.4 g"g, lrgL, o", t]n
5.2.2.5 sk8f
5.2.2.6 cGo j:t'x?
^ lanx?sf] ;'/If0fdf
^=! :jb]zL lan
^=@ ljb]zL lan
6.2.1 cfoft lan / k|ltt kq
6.2.2 lgof{t lan
6.2.3 lgof{t lansf] lwtf]df
6.2.4 cGo ljb]zL lan
& hdfgtdf k|jflxt
&=! ;/sf/L hdfgL
&=@ ;+:yfut hdfgL
&=# JolQmut hdfgL
&=$ ;fd'lxs hdfgL
&=% cGt/f{li6o >]0fLs[t ljb]zL
a}+ssf] hdfgtdf
&=^ cGo hdfgtdf
* qm]l86 8]lj6 sf8{
( cGo

hDdf
ljj/0f tof/ ug]{ M ljj/0f k]z ug]{ clws[t
b:tvt M b:tvt M
gfd M gfd M
bhf{ M bhf{ M
ldlt M ldlt M
g]=/f=a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+=(=%

218
 ============================= lnld6]8
ljkGg ju{ shf{ ljj/0f -q}dfl;s_
@) ========== ;fn ================ dlxgfsf] ljj/0f
-?= nfvdf_
ut qodf;sf] o; qodf;df o; qodf;df o; qodf;;Dddf p7fpg
efvf gf3]sf]
l;=g+= shf{ zLif{s afFsL ljtl/t c;"nL afFsL
;+Vof ;fFjf ;+Vof ;fFjf ;+Vof ;fFjf ;+Vof ;fFjf Aofh ;+Vof ;fFjf Aofh
!= s'n shf{ ;fk6 -laN; vl/b
tyf l8:sfp06 ;d]t_
@= ljkGg ju{ shf{
-s_ k|ToIf nufgL
! s[lif
@ 3/]n' pBf]u
# ;]jf
$= cGo
-v_ ck|ToIf nufgL
-c_ ;+:yfut nufgL yf]s
shf{_
!=
@=
-cf_ ;]o/ nufgL
#= o'jf :j/f]huf/ shf{
hDdf
^ dlxgf cl3sf] s'n afFsL
shf{
^ dlxgf cl3sf] s'n afFsL
shf{;Fusf] cg'kft

gf]6M ck|ToIf nufgL cGtu{t ;+:yfut nufgL -Wholesale Lending_ / ;]o/ nufgLsf] /sd 5'f5'} pNn]v ug'{ kb{5 .

ljj/0f tof/ ug]{ ljj/0f k]z ug]{ clws[t M

b:tvt M b:tvt M
gfd M gfd M
bhf{ M bhf{ M
ldlt M ldlt M

219
 g]=/f=a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+=(=^

================================lnld6]8
;~rfnssfo{sf/L k|d'v;+:yfkssd{rf/L tyf ;]o/xf]N8/xnfO{ uPsf] shf{ ;fk6 ljj/0f -q}dfl;s_
- @) ;fn dlxgfsf] ljj/0f_

vl/b tyf l*:sfpG^ ul/Psf lanx / shf{, ;fk^ tyf clwljsif{df k|jflxt s'n /sddWo] ;~rfns,
sfo{sf/L k|d'v, ;+:yfks, sd{rf/L, 1 k|ltzt eGbf a(L ;]o/ lng] ;]o/ xf]N*/x? / lghxsf] Psf#/
kl/jf/sf JolQm jf To:tf JolQm hdfgL a;]sf] jf Dofg]lh+u Ph]G^ ePsf] s'g} ;+:yf jf sDkgLnfO{ uPsf]
/sdsf] ljj/)f b]xfo adf]lhd % .
-?= nfvdf_

;+:yfks;~rfns ut qodf;;Ddsf] o; qodf;df c;'nL o; qodf;;Dd afFsL

sfo{sf/L afFsL
k|d'vsf] gfd ;fjf+ Aofh ;fjf+ Aofh ;fjf+ Aofh
-s_ ;~rfns
1=
2=
-v_ sfo{sf/L k|d'v
1=
2=
-u_ ;+:yfks
1=
2=
-#_ sd{rf/L
1=
2=
-_ ;]o/xf]N*/x?
1=
2=
hDdf

ljj/0f tof/ ug]{ ljj/0f k]z ug]{ clws[t M

b:tvt M b:tvt M
gfd M gfd M
bhf{ M bhf{ M
ldlt M ldlt M

220
 g]=/f=a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+=9=6=1
============================================== lnld^]*
;+:yfks;+:yfks ;d'xsf] ;]o/ cGo a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfdf
lwtf] /fvL lnPsf] shf{ ljj/)f -q}dfl;s_
-20 ;fn dlxgfsf] ljj/)f_
qm=;+= ;+:yfks :jfldTjdf r'Qmfk'FhLsf] shf{sf] lwtf]df shf{ ljj/0f lwtf]df s}lkmot
;]o/wgLsf] /x]sf] ;]o/ k|ltzt /x]sf] ;]o/ /x]sf]
gfd ;+Vof ;+Vof shf{ shf{ k|jfx ;]o/
/sd ug]{ ;+:yfsf] -% df_
gfd

s'n ;+:yfks ;]o/ ;+Vof

ljj/0f tof/ ug]{ ljj/0f k]z ug]{ clws[t M

b:tvt M b:tvt M
gfd M gfd M
bhf{ M bhf{ M
ldlt M ldlt M

b|i6JoM
1. Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf ;+:yfks ;]o/wgLn] pkef]u u/]sf] shf{ ;DaGwdf hfgsf/L lng shf{ k|jfx ug]{ ;+:yfn] ;]o/
/f]Ssfsf] nflu ;DalGwt ;+:yfdf n]vL k7fp+bf clgjfo{?kdf shf{ /sd ;d]t pNn]v u/L k7fpg' kg]{ / /f]Ssf /fVg] ;+:yfn]
;f]sf] ljj/0f cBfjlws ug'{ kg]5
{ . ;fy}, ;]o/ lwtf] km's'jfsf] hfgsf/L ;d]t & lbgleqdf ;DalGwt ;+:yfnfO{ pknAw
u/fpg' kg]{5 .
2. ;]o/ /lhi6];g nufotsf sfo{ dr]{G6 a}+ls ;DaGwL sf/f]af/ ug]{ ;+:yfaf6 u/fOPsf] ePdf ;d]t Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf
;~rfns jf ;+:yfksx?n] k|rlnt gLltut Joj:yf adf]lhd ;]o/ lwtf] /fvL lnPsf] shf{sf] clen]v ;DalGwt ;+:yfn] ;d] t
/fVg' kg]{5 .

221
 g]=/f=a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+=(=&

============================================== lnld6]8
;/sf/L ;+:yfgx?nfO{ uPsf] shf{sf] ljj/0f -dfl;s_
@) ======= ;fn ============= dlxgfsf] ljj/0f
-?= nfvdf_
ut o; dlxgfdf o; d;fGt;Dddf efvf gf3]sf]
shf{
d;fGt;Dd ljtl/t dlxgfdf p7fpg afFsL
;+:yfgsf] gfd sf] sf] afFsL c;'nL
p2]Zo
;+Vof ;fFjf ;+Vof ;fFjf ;+Vof ;fFjf ;+Vof ;fFjf Aofh ;+Vof ;fFjf Aofh
!= cf}Bf]lus
;+:yfgx?
-s_
-v_
-u_
-3_
-_
@= Jofkfl/s
;+:yfgx?
-s_
-v_
-u_
-3_
-_
#= ljQLo ;+:yfx?
-s_
-v_
-u_
-3_
-_
$= ;]jf ;DaGwL
;+:yfgx?
-s_
-v_
-u_
-3_
-_
%= cGo ;/sf/L
;+:yfgx?
-s_
-v_
-u_
-3_
-_
hDdf
ljj/0f tof/ ug]{ M ljj/0f k]z ug]{ clws[t M
b:tvt M b:tvt M
gfd M gfd M
bhf{ M bhf{ M
ldlt M ldlt M

222
 g]=/f=a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+=(=*
=============== lnld6]8
lgIf]ksf] ljj/0f -dfl;s_
@)& ===== ;fn ======== dlxgfsf] ljj/0f
-?=nfvdf_
;l6{lkms]6 hDdf
dfu]sf] avt
vftfjfnfsf] ljj/0f rNtL art d'2lt ckm dflh{g cGo -!_ b]lv
lbg' kg]{ /sd
l8kf]lh6 -&_ ;Dd
-!_ -@_ -#_ -$_ -%_ -^_ -&_ -*_
-s_ :jb]zL d'b|fdf vf]lnPsf] vftf
!= ljb]zL ;+3 ;+:yf tyf JolQm
!=! ljb]zL s'6g}lts / ;xfos lgof]ux?
!=@ ljb]zL ;/sf/af6 ;+rflnt cfof]hgfx?
!=# cGt/f{li6o ;+:yfx? (UNO nufotsf_
!=$ cGo u}/ ;/sf/L ljb]zL ;+:yfx?
!=$=! cfjf;Lo
!=$=@ u}/ cfjf;Lo
!=% ljb]zL a}+sx?
!=^ cGo ljQLo ;+:yfx?
!=& ljb]zL Po/nfOG;x?
!=* ljb]zL ;/sf/sf] k]G;g SofDkx?
!=*=! ef/tLo ;/sf/
!=*=@ la|l6; ;/sf/
!=( ljb]zL gful/sx?
!=(=! cfjf;Lo
!=(=@ u}/ cfjf;Lo
!=!) cGo
!=!)=! cfjf;Lo
!=!)=@ u}/ cfjf;Lo
@= gu/kflnsf ,uf=lj=;=tyf lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltx?
#= ljQLo ;+:yfx?
#=! lgIf]k :jLsf/ ug]{ ljQLo ;+:yfx?
#=!=! s ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
#=!=@ v ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
#=!=# u ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
#=!=$ 3 ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
#=!=% ;xsf/L ;+:yfx? -;Lldt a}+ls sf/f]af/ ug]{_
#=!=^ u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yfx? ljQLo dWo:ytfsf] sfo{ ug]{_
#=!=& x'nfs;]jf ljefuf/f ;+rflnt x'nfs art a}+sx?
-art lgIf]k dfq_
#=@ cGo ljQLo ;+:yfx?
#=@=! g]kfn cf}Bf]lus ljsf; lgud
#=@=@ s[lif ljsf; a}+s -jfl0fHo a}+ls sf/f]af/ ug]{ afx]s_
#=# lgIf]k :jLsf/ gug]{ ljQLo ;+:yfx?
#=#=! aLdf ;+:yf tyf sDkgLx?
#=#=@ sd{rf/L ;+rosf]if
#=#=# gful/s nufgL sf]if
#=#=$ ======================
#=$ cGo ;xfos ljQLo OsfOx?
#=$=! u|fdL0f :jfjnDag sf]if
#=$=@ dgL r]Gh/
#=$=# lwtf]kq bnfn
#=$=$ lwtf]kq vl/b laqmL s]Gb|
#=$=% ======================

223
$= u}/ ljQLo ;+:yfx?
$=! ;/sf/L ;+:yf tyf sDkgLx?
$=!=! cf}Bf]lus
$=!=@ Jofkfl/s
$=!=# cGo
$=@ u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yf tyf sDkgLx?
$=@=! cf}Bf]lus
$=@=@ Jofkfl/s
$=@=# cGo
%= d'gfkmf sdfpg] p2]Zo gePsf ;+:yfx?
%=! ljBfno, dxfljBfno
%=@ xl:k6n, gl;{ xf]d
%=# cGo
%=#=! cfjf;Lo
%=#=@ u}/ cfjf;Lo
^= JolQmut
^=! cfjf;Lo
^=@ u}/ cfjf;Lo
&= cGo
&=! cfjf;Lo
&=@ u}/ cfjf;Lo
*= vhf~rLsf] hdfgt
:jb]zL d'b|fdf vf]lnPsf] lgIf]ksf] hDdf -!*_
-v_ ljb]zL d'b|fdf vf]lnPsf] vftf
!= ljb]zL ;+3 ;+:yf tyf JolQm
!=! ljb]zL s'6g}lts / ;xfos lgof]ux?
!=@ ljb]zL ;/sf/af6 ;+rflnt cfof]hgfx?
!=# cGt/f{li6o ;+:yfx? (UNO nufotsf_
!=$ cGo u}/ ;/sf/L ljb]zL ;+:yfx?
!=$=! cfjf;Lo
!=$=@ u}/ cfjf;Lo
!=% ljb]zL a}+sx?
!=^ cGo ljQLo ;+:yfx?
!=& ljb]zL Po/nfOG;x?
!=* ljb]zL ;/sf/sf] k]G;g SofDkx?
!=*=! ef/tLo ;/sf/
!=*=@ la|l6; ;/sf/
!=( ljb]zL gful/sx?
!=(=! cfjf;Lo
!=(=@ u}/ cfjf;Lo
!=!) cGo
!=!)=! cfjf;Lo
!=!)=@ u}/ cfjf;Lo
@= :jb]zL ;+3;+:yf tyf sDkgLx?
@=! s ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
@=@ cGo cfjf;Lo If]q
@=# u}x| cfjf;Lo If]q
#= JolQmut
#=! cfjf;Lo
#=@ u}/ cfjf;Lo
ljb]zL d'b|fdf vf]lnPsf] lgIf]ksf] hDdf -! #_
hDdf /sd -s_ -v_
hDdf vftf ;+Vof

ljj/0f tof/ ug]{sf] ljj/0f k]z ug]{ clws[tsf]

gfd M gfd M
bhf{ M bhf{ M
b:tvt M b:tvt M
ldlt M ldlt

224
 g]=/f=a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+=(=(
======================================= lnld6]8
a}b]lzs ;DklQsf] ljj/0f -dfl;s_
@) ======== ;fn =============== dlxgfsf] ljj/0f
gub ljb]zL :jb]zL a}+s ljQLo a}sljQLo ;+:YffnfO{ dfu]sf] avt k|fKt vl/b ljb]zL ljb]zL ;df;f]wgn]] cGo
ljb]zL a}+s ;+:yf df}Hbft ;fk6L x'g] /sd e'QmfgL ;/sf/sf] aG8 b]vfPsf]
d'b|f df}Hbft ul/Psf] 6]h/L 8]lj6
df}Hbft ljb]zL lan Jofn]G;
lan
g]=/f= s v u s v u s v u
a}+s ju{{ ju{ ju{ ju{{ ju{ ju{ ljb]z ju{{ ju{ ju{ ljb]z
! cd]l/sL
8n/
@ o"/f]
# :jL;
k|m]Gs
$ ci6]lnog
8n/
% Sofg]l8og
8n/
^ l;Fufk'/
8n/
& hfkfgL
o]]g
* l:jl8;
qmf]g/
( 8]lg;
qmf]g/
! x+us
) 8n/
! ;fpbL
! l/ofn
! stf/
@ l/ofn
! lrlgof
# o'cfg
! ef/tLo
# ?=
hDdf
b|i6Jo M pko'{Qm ljb]zL ;DklQ ljj/0fx?nfO{ kmf/d g+= (=! sf ;DklQtkm{ b]xfosf ;DalGwt zLif{sx?df qmdzM k|ljli6 ug'{ kg]{5 .
!=@=! @=^=! #=%=! &=@=!
ef? ef/t @=!= @= @=# @= ^=! ^= ^=# %=@= #=! #= #=#= ef/t ef/t
$=^ $=^ %=@=@=!) %=@=@=!)
!=@=@ @=^=@ @ @=@ =@ $=@ =@ @=@ =@ @=!) =@ @=@ @ #=%=@ &=@=@
cGo cGo cGo cGo
ljj/0f tof/ ug]{ M ljj/0f k]z ug]{ clws[tM
b:tvt M b:tvt M
gfd M gfd M

225
 g]=/f=a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+=(=!)
======================== lnld6]8
7'nf lgIf]kstf{sf] ljj/0f -q}dfl;s_
@) ======= ;fn ======== dlxgfsf] ljj/0f
-?=bz nfvdf_

qm=;+= lgIf]kstf{sf] gfd vftfsf] k|sf/ lgIf]k /sd Aofh b/ s}lkmot

@) 7"nf k|fs[lts lgIf]kstf{sf] ljj/0f

hDdf -s_
@) 7"nf ;+:yfut lgIf]kstf{sf] ljj/0f

hDdf -v_
s / v sf] hDdf

ljj/0f tof/ ug]{ M ljj/0f k]z ug]{ clws[t M

b:tvt M b:tvt M
gfd M gfd M
bhf{ M bhf{ M

226
 g]=/f=a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+=(=!!
========================== lnld6]8
7"nf C0fLx?;Fu p7fpg afFsL shf{sf] ljj/0f -q}dfl;s_
@) ======= ;fn ======== dlxgfsf] ljj/0f
-?=nfvdf_
nufgLdf /lx/x]sf] s'n /sd ;'ljwf -ckm Jofn]lG;6 sf/f]af/_
k|jflxt
p7fpg afFsL
s'n
shf{sf] p7fpg afFsL /sd dWo] sf/f]af/ ;'ljwf pkof]u
C0fLsf] gfd shf{{ :jLs[t
p2]Zo s'n shf{ /sd efvf gf3]sf] sf] sf] ePsf]
tyf ;Ldf
shf{ /sd lsl;d cjlw /sd
;'ljwf
;fFjf Aofh ;fFjf Aofh

hDdf

b|i6JoM != 7"nf C0fLx? eGgfn] s ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] xsdf ?= % s/f]8 / cGo Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] xsdf ?= %)
nfv jf ;f] eGbf a9L shf{ lnPsf] C0fLnfO{ hgfpFb5 .
@= Ps} ;d'xsf ljleGg sDkgLx?n] 5'f5'} nu]sf] shf{ Psd'i6 ubf{ pko{'Qm ;Ldf gf3]df Ps} ;d'xsf sDkgL zLif{s cGtu{t
ljleGg sDkgLx?n] pkof]u u/]sf] shf{nfO{ 5'f5'} -;Ldf ggf3] klg_ o; ljj/0fdf b]vfpg' kg]{5 .

ljj/0f tof/ ug]{ ljj/0f k]z ug]{ clws[t

b:tvt M b:tvt M
gfd M gfd M
bhf{ M bhf{ M

227
 g]=/f=a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+=(=!@
======================== lnld6]8
cjlw cg';f/ efvf gf3]sf] shf{ tyf ;fk6sf] ljj/0f -q}dfl;s_
@) ======= ;fn ======== dlxgfsf] ljj/0f
-?=bz nfvdf_
c;n shf{ lgl:s|o shf{
k|jflxt s'n k'g/;+/rgf # b]lv ^
^ dlxgfb]lv ! ! jif{eGbf a9L
shf{ # dlxgf;Dd tyf dlxgf;Dd efvf gf3]sf]
efvf ggf3]sf] jif{ ;Dd efvf cjlwn] efvf
shf{ If]q efvf gf3]sf] k'g/tflnls efvf s'n shf{
gf3]sf] gf3]sf]
s/0f gf3]sf]
shf{ shf{ shf{ shf{ shf{ shf{ shf{ shf{
/sd /sd /sd /sd /sd /sd /sd /sd
;+Vof ;+Vof ;+Vof ;+Vof ;+Vof ;+Vof ;+Vof ;+Vof
!= s[lif / jg ;DaGwL
@= df5fkfng ;DaGwL
#= vfgL ;DaGwL
$= s[lif, jg tyf k]o kbfy{
pTkfbg ;DaGwL
%= u}/vfB j:t' pTkfbg
;DaGwL
^= lgdf{0f
&= ljB't,UofF; tyf kfgL
*= wft'sf pTkfbgx?, d]lzg/L
tyf On]S6f]lgs cf}hf/ tyf
h8fg
(= oftfoft, e+8f/ / ;+rf/
!)= yf]s tyf v'b|f ljq]mtf
!!= ljQ, aLdf tyf crn
;DklQ
!@= ko{6g ;]jf
!#= cGo ;]jfx?
!$= pkef]Uo shf{
!%= :yfgLo ;/sf/
!^= cGo
hDdf
ljj/0f tof/ ug]{ M ljj/0f k]z ug]{ clws[t
b:tvt M b:tvt M
gfd M gfd M
bhf{ M bhf{ M

g]=/f=a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+= (=!#

============================= lnld6]8
cGt/ a}+s sf/f]af/ ljj/0f -b}lgs_
?=xhf/df
sf/f]af/ ldlt sf/f]af/ ePsf] a}+ssf] ;fk6L nufgL Aofhb/ cjlw s}lkmot
gfd -Borrowing_ (Lending)

hDdf /sd
tof/ ug]{ k]z ug]{

228
 g]=/f=a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+= (=!$
============================= lnld6]8
q}dfl;s ljQLo ljj/0f
-?=xhf/df_
qm=;+= ljj/0f o; qodf; cl3Nnf] qodf; utjif{sf] ;DalGwt qodf;
1= s'n k'FhL tyf bfloTj - !=! b]lv !=& ;Dd _
1=1 r'Qmf k'FhL
1=2 hu]8f tyf sf]ifx?
1=3 C0fkq tyf aG8
1=4 ;fk6L
1=5 lgIf]k bfloTj -c + cf_
c= :jb]zL d'b|f
cf= ljb]zL d'b|f
1=6 cfos/ bfloTj
1=7 cGo bfloTj
2= s'n ;DklQ -@=! b]lv @=& ;Dd_
2=1 gub tyf a}+s df}Hbft
2=2 dfu tyf cNk ;'rgfdf k|fKt x'g]
2=3 nufgL
2=4 shf{ tyf ;fk6
c= l/on :6]6 shf{ ;fk6
!= cfjf;Lo 3/ shf{ -?= ! s/f]8;Ddsf] JolQmut cfjf;Lo 3/
shf{ afx]s_
@= Jofj;flos ejg tyf cfjf;Lo ckf6{d]06 lgdf{0f shf{
#= lgdf{0f ;DkGg eO{ cfo cfh{g ug{ yfn]sf] Jofkfl/s sDKn]S;
shf{
$= cGo l/on :6]6 shf{ -hUufhdLg vl/b tyf Knl6+u shf{ ;d]t_
cf= ?= ! s/f]8;Ddsf] JolQmut cfjf;Lo 3/ shf{
O= dflh{g k|s[ltsf] shf{
O{= cfjlws shf{
p= clwlasif{l6=cf/=rfn' k'FhL shf{
pm= cGo shf{
2=5 l:y/ ;DklQ
2=6 u}/a}ls ;DklQ
2=7 cGo ;DklQ
3= gfkmf gf]S;fg lx;fj o; cl3Nnf] utjif{sf] ;DalGwt qodf;;Dd
3=1 Aofh cfDbfgL qodf;;Dd qodf;;Dd
3=2 Aofh vr{
s v'b Aofh cfDbfgL -#=! #=@_
3=3 lkm, sldzg / l8:sfp06
3=4 cGo ;~rfng cfDbfgL
3=5 ;6xL 36a9 cfDbfgL -v'b_
v s'n ;~rfng cfDbfgL -s+ #=# blv #=%_
3=6 sd{rf/L vr{
3=7 cGo ;~rfng vr{
u gf]S;fgL Joj:yf cl3sf] ;~rfng gfkmf -v #=^ #=&_
3=8 ;Defljt gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
# ;~rfng gfkmf -u #=*_
3=9 u}/;~rfng cfDbfgLvr{ v'b
3=10 ;Defljt gf]S;fgL Joj:yfaf6 lkmtf{
lgoldt ls|ofsnfkaf6 gfkmf -3 +#=( +#=!)_
3=11 c;fdfGo sf/f]af/af6 ePsf] cfDbfgLvr{ -v'b_
r af]g; / s/ cl3sf] gfkmf - + #=!!_
3=12 sd{rf/L af]g; Joj:yf
3=13 cfos/ Joj:yf
% v'b gfkmfgf]S;fg -r #=!@ #=!#_
4= cg'kftx? o; qodf; cl3Nnf] qodf; utjif{sf] ;DalGwt qodf;
4=1 k'FhLsf]ifhf]lvd efl/t ;DklQ
4=2 lgliqmo shf{s'n shf{
4=3 ;Defljt gf]S;fgL Joj:yfs'n lgliqmo shf{
4=4 k'FhLsf] nfut -Cost of Funds_
4=5 shf{ lgIf]k cg'kft -o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zg adf]lhdsf]_
4=6 cfwf/ b/
tof/ ug]{ k]z ug]{

229
 g]=/f=a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+=(=!%
=======================lnld6]8
================d;fGt;Dd
On]S6f]lgs a}+ls sf/f]af/ ;DaGwL ljj/0f -dfl;s_

g]=/f=a}+s lgb]{zg kmf= g+= (=!^

qm=;+ ljj/0f ut o; cjlwdf o; cjlwsf] s}lkmot

cjlw;Dd yk36 cGtdf

! zfvf /lxt a}+ls ;]jf

!=! zfvf/lxt a}+ls ;]jf s]Gb| ;+Vof
!=@ ;]jf lng] u|fxssf] ;+Vof
!=# :jLs[t s]Gb|df ;]jf ;~rfng gePsf] jf x'g ;~rfng gx'g'sf]
afFsL eP ;f]sf] ;+Vof sf/0f pNn]v ug]{
!=$ s'n sf/f]af/ ;+Vof
!=% s'n sf/f]af/ /sd

@ df]jfOn a}+ls ;]jf

@=! ;]jf lng] u|fxssf] ;+Vof
@=@ s'n sf/f]af/ ;+Vof
@=# s'n sf/f]af/ /sd

# O{G6/g]6 a}+ls ;]jf

#=! ;]jf lng] u|fxssf] ;+Vof
#=@ s'n sf/f]af/ ;+Vof
#=# s'n sf/f]af/ /sd

$ Osf8{ ;]jf
$=! ATM sf] s'n ;+Vof ATM ;+Vof
yk36 ePsf]
v08df :yfg
v'nfpg] .
$=@ 8]lj6 sf8{ tkm{
$=@=! sf8{ lng]sf] ;+Vof
$=@=@ sf8{ dfkm{t ePsf] s'n sf/f]af/ ;+Vof
$=@=# sf8{ dfkm{t ePsf] s'n sf/f]af/ /sd
$=# qm]l86 sf8{ tkm{
$=#=! sf8{ lng]sf] ;+Vof
$=#=@ sf8{ dfkm{t ePsf] s'n sf/f]af/ ;+Vof
$=#=# sf8{ dfkm{t ePsf] s'n sf/f]af/ /sd
$=$ lk|k]8 sf8{ tkm{
$=$=! sf8{ lng]sf] ;+Vof
$=$=@ sf8{ dfkm{t ePsf] s'n sf/f]af/ ;+Vof
$=$=# sf8{ dfkm{t ePsf] s'n sf/f]af/ /sd

230
 ================================================== lnld6]8
zfvf sfof{no ;DaGwL ljj/0f -dfl;s_
====== ;fn ======== dlxgfsf] ljj/0f

7]ufgf s'n shf{ lgIf]k

zfvfsf] zfvfsf] ;~rfng

ofS;
qm=;+= zfvf

Od]n
kmf]g
;fk6 tyf
sf]8 gfd k|sf/ ldlt lhNnf uf=lj=;= g= kf= j8f 6f]n lan vl/b rNtL art d'2lt cGo s'n
g+

tof/ ug]{M k]z ug]{M

;xLM ;xLM
gfdM gfdM
bhf{M bhf{M
ldltM ldltM

g]=/f=a}+s lgb]{zg kmf= g+= (=!&

=========== lnld6]8
Aofhb/ cg';f/sf] lgIf]ksf] ljj/0f -dfl;s_
====== ;fn ======== dlxgfsf] ljj/0f
-?=bz nfvdf_
Aofhb/ -:jb]zL d'b|f lgIf]kdf_ Aofhb/ -ljb]zL d'b|f lgIf]kdf_
qm=;+= lgIf]ksf] k|sf/
Go'gtd clwstd efl/t cf}ift /sd Go'gtd clwstd efl/t cf}ift /sd
! art
@ d'2lt
@=! ! dlxgf;Ddsf]
@=@ ! b]lv # dlxgf
@=# # b]lv ^ dlxgf
@=$ ^ dlxgfb]lv ! jif{
@=% ! b]lv @ jif{
@=^ @ jif{eGbf a9L
# sn
;l6{lkms]6 ckm
$ l8kf]lh6
% cGo
^ Aofh gnfUg] lgIf]k
^=! rNtL
^=@ dflh{g
^=# cGo
s'n
tof/ ug]{M k]z ug]{M
;xLM ;xLM
gfdM gfdM
bhf{M bhf{M
ldltM ldltM

231
 g]=/f=a}+s lgb]{zg kmf g+= (=!*
=========== lnld6]8
Aofhb/ cg';f/sf] shf{sf] ljj/0f -dfl;s_
====== ;fn ======== dlxgfsf] ljj/0f

If]qut shf{
-?=bz nfvdf_
Aofhb/ -:jb]zL d'b|df_ Aofhb/ -ljb]zL d'b|df_
qm=
;+= shf{ efl/t efl/t
Go'gtd clwstd /sd Go'gtd clwstd /sd
cf};t cf};t
1 s[lif / jg ;DaGwL
2 df5fkfng ;DaGwL
3 vfgL ;DaGwL
s[lif, ag tyf k]o kbfy{ pTkfbg
4
;DaGwL
5 u}/vfB j:t' pTkfbg ;DaGwL
6 lgdf{0f
7 ljB't, Uof; / kfgL
wft'sf pTkfbgx?, d]l;g/L tyf
8
On]S6f]lgs cf}hf/ tyf h8fg
9 oftfoft , e08f/ / ;+rf/
10 yf]s tyf v'b|f ljq]mtf
11 ljQ, aLdf tyf crn ;DklQ
12 ko{6g ;]jf
13 cGo ;]jfx?
14 pkef]Uo shf{
15 :yfgLo ;/sf/
16 cGo
hDdf

k|f]8S6 cg';f/sf] shf{

Aofhb/ -:jb]zL d'b|df_ Aofhb/ -ljb]zL d'b|df_
qm=
;+= shf{ efl/t efl/t
Go'gtd clwstd /sd Go'gtd clwstd /sd
cf};t cf};t
1 cfjlws shf{
2 clwljsif{ shf{
3 6i6 l/l;K6 shf{cfoft shf{
4 l8df08 tyf cGo rfn' k'FhL shf{
JolQmut cfjf;Lo 3/ shf{ -?= !
5
s/f]8 ;Ddsf]_
6 l/on :6]6 shf{ ;fk6
7 dflh{g k|s[ltsf] shf{x?
9 ljkGg ju{ shf{
10 lan vl/b
11 cGo shf{x?
hDdf

232
 g]=/f=a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+= (=!(
======================= lnld6]8
cw{jflif{s ljj/0f
======;fn ======dlxgf -d;fGt_

qm=;+= ljj/0f ;+Vof s}lkmot

!= s'n ;]o/wgL ;+Vof
;+:yfks ;]o/wgL
;fwf/0f ;]o/wgL
@= s'n sd{rf/L ;+Vof
clws[t :t/
;xfos :t/
s/f/ sd{rf/L
cGo

#= s'n ns/ ;+Vof -lsl;d adf]lhd v'nfpg]_

233
 cg';"rL!
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] o; a}+sdf k7fpg' kg]{ tYofx? ;DaGwL ljj/0f
cg';"rLkmf/fd g+= ljifo tYofsf] lsl;d tYof k7fpg' kg]{ ljefusf] k7fpg' kg]{ cjlw
gfd
(=!# cGt/a}+s sf/f]af/ ljj/0f b}lgs sfof{no ;doleq
NRB Reporting Site
t/ntf df}Hbft ljj/0f b}lgs
NRB Reporting Web Site csf]{ lbg leq
sf] 9fFrf cg';f/
!#=! clgjfo{ df}Hbft ljj/0f ;fKtflxs ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefu ;ft lbgleq
%=# ljb]zL ljlgdo cg'udg ljj/0f ;fKtflxs ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefu
!=! / !=@ -v- If]qLo a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg
:t/sf_ / u ju{sf] k'FhLsf]if / hf]lvd efl/t ;DklQ dfl;s ljefu / ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f
nflu_ ljefu
Capital Adequacy
Framework
adf]lhdsf kmd{x? k'FhLsf]if / hf]lvd efl/t ;DklQ dfl;s a}+s ;'kl/j]If0f ljefu
-s / /fli6o:t/sf v
ju{sf] nflu_ & lbg leq
#=! If]qut shf{ ljj/0f dfl;s ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefu
(=!, (=@, (=#, (=#-s_, a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg
(=$, (=&, (=*, dfl;s tYof ljj/0f dfl;s ljefu / ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f
(=(,(=!& / (=!* ljefu
(=!% E-banking ;DaGwL zfvfut ljj/0f dfl;s NRB Reporting Web Site
(=!^, u|fxs ;+Vof, shf{, lgIf]k / ljQLo ;]jf
dfl;s
(=!^s, (=!^v ;DaGwL] zfvfut ljj/0f
!#=# j}Bflgs t/ntf ljj/0f dfl;s ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefu
%=! t/ntf cg'udg ljj/0f q}dfl;s ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefu
%=@ Aofhb/ hf]lvd cg'udg ljj/0f q}dfl;s ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefu
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg
(=%, (=^, (=^=!, (=!),
q}dfl;s tYof ljj/0f q}dfl;s ljefu / ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f
(=!! / (=!@
ljefu
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg
shf{ ;fk6 / Joj:yf, u|fxs cg';f/
@=!, @=@ / @=# q}dfl;s ljefu / ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f
shf{ / u}/ a}ls ;DklQ
ljefu
NRB Reporting Web Site
(=!$ Quarterly Financial Highlight q}dfl;s
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg
!!=! ;xljQLos/0f shf{ ljj/0f q}dfl;s ljefu / ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f !% lbg leq
ljefu
k|sfzg eP cg';f/ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg
Aofhb/ k|sflzt ePsf] ljj/0f q}dfl;s ljefu / ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f
ljefu
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg
lgb]{zg g+ # sf] a'Fbf & cfk;L ;DaGw ePsf u|fxssf] shf{
cw{jflif{s ljefu / ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f
cg';f/ ljj/0f
ljefu
#=@ pTkfbgzLn If]q shf{ ;dLIff ljj/0f cw{jflif{s ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefu
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg
(=!( cw{jflif{s ljj/0f cw{jflif{s ljefu / ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f
ljefu
sf/f]af/sf]
!(=# ;Ldf sf/f]af/ ljj/0f
cfwf/df ljQLo hfgsf/L OsfO{
sf/f]af/sf] z+sf:kb b]lvg] ljlQs}
!(=$ z+sf:kb sf/f]af/ ljj/0f ljQLo hfgsf/L OsfO{
cfwf/df
Web Site df pknAq AMLCFT Reporting Format ! dlxgfleq
(Off-site data collection) cw{ jflif{s ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefu
9fFrf cg';f/
AMLCFT Reporting Format ! dlxgfleq
Web Site df pknAq (Bank Self assessment jflif{s ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefu
9fFrf cg';f/ Questionaire)

gf]6M o; lgb]{zgdf pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf tYof kmf/dx? Od]n dfkm{t k7fpFbf cg';Gwfg ljefunfO{ ;d]t k7fpg' kg]{5 . o;
lgb]{zgdf pNn]v ePb]lv afx]s o; a}+ssf] cGo ljefusfof{nodf k7fpg' kg]{ ljj/0fx? lgoldt ?kdf k7fpg' kg]{5 .

234
 g]kfn /fi6 a}+s
s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu

O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= !))&$

;+:yfks ;]o/ gfd;f/L jf vl/blaqmL jf xs x:tfGt/)f ;DaGwL Joj:yf .

o; a}+saf6 s, v / u ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;+:yfks jf ;+:yfks ;d'xsf] ;]o/ s'g} JolQm
jf ;+:yfnfO{ gfd;f/L jf vl/blaqmL jf xs x:tfGt/0f ug]{ ;DaGwdf g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf &( n]
lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L b]xfosf] lgb]{zg hf/L ul/Psf] 5 .
!= ;+:yfks / ;+:yfks ;d'xsf] ;]o/ lnPsf JolQmx?sf] d[To' ePdf jf k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd kfl/jfl/s
c+zaG8f ePdf k|rlnt sfg'gsf] l/t k'ofO{ lghx?sf] xsbf/ jf lghx?n] OR5fPsf] JolQmsf] gfddf
gfd;f/L u/L ;f] sf] kGw| lbgleq o; a}+snfO{ hfgsf/L lbg' kg]{5 .
@= ;+:yfks tyf ;+:yfks ;d'xsf] ;]o/ gfd;f/L jf laqmL ;DaGwdf
k|rlnt sfg'gsf] clwgdf /xL ;+:yfks tyf ;+:yfks ;d'xsf] ;]o/ lng] JolQm jf ;+:yfn] cfgf]
:jfldTjdf /x]sf] ;]o/ b]xfo adf]lhd l/t k'ofO{ gfd;f/L jf laqmL ug{ ;Sg] 5g\ M
-s_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfgf ;]o/wgLsf] ;]o/ vl/blaqmL jf gfd;f/L ug'{k'j{ o; a}+ssf] :jLs[lt
lng' kg]{5 . :jLs[ltsf] nflu ;~rfns ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/; ;lxt o; a}+sdf cfj]bg ug'{kg]{5 .
-v_ v08 -s_ df h'g;'s} Joj:yf ePtf klg ;+:yfks ;+:yfks aLrdf ;]o/ vl/blaqmL ePdf k|rlnt
sfg'gsf] l/t k'ofO{ vl/blaqmL u/L ;f] sf] hfgsf/L !% lbgleq o; a}+snfO{ lbg' kg]{5 . t/,
r'Qmf k'FhLsf] b'O{ -@_ k|ltzteGbf a9L x'g]u/L ;+:yfks ;]o/ vl/b ug{ rfx]df ;+:yfks ;+:yfks
aLrdf ;]o/ vl/blaqmL ug{ jf xsk|b z]o/sf] xs x:tfGt/0f ug{ o; a}+ssf] :jLs[lt lng'kg]{5 .
-u_ d[To' eO{ jf k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd kfl/jfl/s c+zjG8f eO{ xs x:tfGt/0f ePsf] afx]s cGo
cj:yfdf ;+:yfksn] cfg} ;d'xsf ;+:yfksnfO{ dfq ;]o/ gfd;f/L jf laqmL ug'{ kg]{5 .
-3_ v08 -u_ adf]lhd ;+:yfks ;d'xdf ;]o/ gfd;f/L jf laqmL x'g g;Sg] cj:yf ePdf dfq cGo
JolQm jf ;+:yfnfO{ o; lgb]{zgsf clwgdf /xL ;]o/ gfd;f/L jf laqmL ug{ ;lsg] 5 . o;/L
;+:yfks ;d'xsf] ;]o/ gfd;f/L jf vl/b u/L lng] JolQm jf ;+:yf ;+:yfks ;d'xdf g} ;dfj]z
x'g]5g\ .
-_ b]xfosf] cj:yf ePsf] s'g} klg JolQm jf ;+:yfnfO{ ;+:yfksn] cfgf] :jfldTjsf] ;]o/ gfd;f/L jf
laqmL ug{ kfpg] 5}gg\ M
-!_ shf{ ;'rgf s]Gb|sf] sfnf];"rLdf k/L ;f] ;"rLaf6 k'ms'jf ePsf] ldltn] sDtLdf tLg jif{
gk'u]sf],
-@_ ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] cfGtl/s jf afXo n]vfkl/Ifsdf lgo'Qm /x]sf],
-#_ ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] sfg'gL jf cGo ;Nnfxsf/ kbdf axfn ePsf],
-$_ ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf;Fu s'g} lsl;dsf] 7]Ssf kfdf lx:;]bf/ /x]sf],
-%_ k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd s/ r'Qmf gu/]sf] jf :yfoL s/bftf n]vf gDa/ lgoldt gu/]sf],
-^_ s'g} Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] sfd sf/jfxLdf a]OdfgL jf ablgot u/]sf] s'/f cbfntaf6
k|dfl0ft ePsf],
-&_ lwtf]kq bnfn jf ahf/ lgdf{tf, ;xsf/L ;+:yf,

235
 -*_ ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfaf6 shf{ lnPsf] jf ljQLo :jfy{ /x]sf] . t/, o; a}+saf6
Ohfhtkqk|fKt 3 ju{sf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] xsdf of] k|fjwfg nfu" x'g] 5}g .
-(_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] r'Qmf k'FhLsf] kGw| k|ltzt eGbf sd ;]o/ lnPsf] ;]o/wgLn] yk
;]o/ gfd;f/L jf vl/b u/L lnFbf lghsf] :jfldTjdf pQm Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] r'Qmf
k'FhLsf] kGw| k|ltzt eGbf a9L ;]o/ :jfldTj x'g] cj:yf ePsf], jf
-!)_ kmd{, sDkgLsf] xsdf ljut @ jif{b]lv ;l~rt d'gfkmfdf ;~rfngdf g/x]sf] .
-!!_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)&# sf] bkmf !! / !@ adf]lhd tf]lsPsf] cjlw / zt{
k'/f gu/]sf],
-!@_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfaf6 hf/L ePsf] ;]o/sf] dfu /sd r'Qmfe'QmfgL gu/]sf],
-!#_ ;+:yfks ;]o/ vl/blaqmL kl5 sfod x'g cfpg] s'n ;+:Yffksx?dWo] Ps ltxfO{ ;b:ox?
:gfts jf ;f] ;/xsf] of]Uotf k|fKt x'g'kg]{df ;f] cj:Yff ljBdfg /xg g;Sg] b]lvPsf], jf
-!$_ o; a}+sn] ;do ;dodf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;+:yfks x'g tf]s]sf] Go'gtd of]Uotf / cg'ej
gePsf]
-!%_ o; a}+sn] tf]s]sf] 9fFrf ;lxtsf] lgj]bg k]z gu/]sf / k|rlnt sfg'gn] cof]Uo 7x/ u/]sf] .
-r_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;+:yfks jf ;+:yfks ;d'xsf] ;]o/ vl/b ug]{ kmd{sDkgLsf] ;]o/
:jfldTj s'g} klg lsl;dn] x:tfGt/0f ug{' cl3 ;f] kmd{ tyf sDkgLn] o; a}+saf6 :jLs[lt lng'
kg]{5 . Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;+:yfks jf ;+:yfks ;d'xsf] ;]o/ vl/b ug]{ sDkgLsf] ;]o/ csf]{
s'g} sDkgLn] vl/b u/]sf] ePdf To:tf] sDkgLsf] ;]o/ klg s'g} klg lsl;dn] x:tfGt/0f ug'{cl3
o; a}+saf6 :jLs[lt lng' kg]{5 .
-5_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf ;+:yfks;+:yfks ;d'xsf] ;]o/ vl/b ubf{ ;+:yfks ;]o/wgLxn] tf]lsPsf]
9fFrfdf -a}+sljQLo ;+:yf ;+:yfkgf Pjd\ ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug{] Ohfhtkq ;DaGwL gLltut Pjd\
k|lqmofut Joj:yfM @)^# sf] ;+zf]lwt cg';"rL # sf] a'Fbf g+= !^ sf] ljj/0f_ nufgL x'g] /sdsf]
cfo;|f]t;DaGwL ljj/0f clgjfo{ kdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . ;f] sf] clen]v ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo
;+:yfn] cBfjlws u/L /fVg' kg]{ tyf ;f] ;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ clen]vsf] k|ltlnkL o; a}+ssf] a}+s tyf
ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefudf ;d]t k]z ug'{kg]{5 .
-h_ o; a}+saf6 O{hfhtkq k|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfdf ;+:yfks ;]o/wgL eO{ nufgL ubf{ a}+s tyf
ljQLo ;+:yfaf6 C0f tyf ;fk6L lnO{ nufgL ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
#= ;+:yfks jf ;+:yfks ;d'xsf] ;]o/ gfd;f/L jf vl/b u/L lng] cGo JolQm jf ;+:yfn] bkmf ! / @ df
pNn]v ePsf] k|lqmof gk'ofO{ cfgf] :jfldTjsf] ;]o/ gfd;f/L jf laqmL ug{ kfpg] 5}gg\ .
$= o; a}+sn] ;+:yfks ;d'xsf] ;]o/ gfd;f/L jf laqmL ug{ :jLs[lt lbPsf] ldltn] # dlxgfleq cfgf]
:jfldTjsf] ;]o/ gfd;f/L jf laqmL u/L ;Sg' kg]{5 . ;f] cjlw kZrft\ ;+:yfks ;d'xsf] ;]o/ laqmL ug{
lbOPsf] :jLs[lt :jtM /2 x'g]5 .
%= cfo;|f]t -Income Source_ ;DaGwdf
h'g;'s} k|of]hgsf] nflu kF"[hL j[l4 ug]{ ;Gbe{df a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf ;+:yfks;+:yfks ;d'xsf] ;]o/
vl/b ubf{ ;+:yfks ;]o/wgLxn] tf]lsPsf] 9fFrfdf -a}+sljQLo ;+:yf ;+:yfkgf Pjd\ ljQLo sf/f]af/
ug{] Ohfhtkq ;DaGwL gLltut Pjd\ k|lqmofut Joj:yfM @)^# sf] ;+zf]lwt cg';"rL # sf] a'Fbf g+= !^
sf] ljj/0f _ nufgL x'g] /sdsf] cfo;|f]t;DaGwL ljj/0f clgjfo{ kdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . ;f] sf] clen]v
;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] cBfjlws u/L /fVg' kg]{ tyf ;f] ;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ clen]vsf] k|ltlnkL
o; a}+ssf] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefudf ;d]t k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
^= ;+:yfks jf ;f] ;d'xsf] ;]o/ gfd;f/L jf vl/b u/L lng] JolQm jf ;+:yfn] o; lgb]{zg ljkl/t x'g] u/L cfgf]
:jfldTjdf /x]sf] ;]o/ gfd;f/L jf laqmL u/]df o;/L lgb]{zg ljkl/t cfgf] :jfldTjdf /x]sf] ;]o/ gfd;f/L jf
laqmL ug]{ JolQm jf ;+:yfx? lghx?n] cfgf] :jfldTjdf /x]sf] ;]o/ gfd;f/L jf laqmL u/]sf] ldltn] sDtLdf kfFr
jif{;Dd csf]{ s'g} Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf]] ;+:yfks x'g tyf s'g} klg Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns x'g of]Uo
x'g] 5}gg\ .

236
&= o; a}+sf/f hf/L a}+sljQLo ;+:yf ;+:yfkgf Pjd\ ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug{] Ohfhtkq ;DaGwL gLltut Pjd\
k|lqmofut Joj:yfM @)^# n] u/]sf] gLltut Joj:yf cg';f/ o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt s'g} Ps a}+s tyf
ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;+:yfks ;]o/df nufgL ubf{ r'Qmf k'FhLsf] a9Ldf !% k|ltzt / cGo a}+s tyf ljQLo
;+:yfx?df r'Qmf k'FhLsf] a9Ldf ! k|ltzt;Dd dfq nufgL ug{ ;lsg] 5 . ;fy}, 3 ju{sf] ;+:yfsf]
xsdf pko{'Qm adf]lhdsf] ;LdfnfO{ qmdzM @% k|ltzt / !) k|ltzt sfod ul/Psf] 5 . plNnlvt
nufgL ;Ldf g]kfn ;/sf/, g]kfn /fi6 a}+s / a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] ;xfos sDkgLdf ;+:yfks eO{
nufgL ubf{ nfu" x'g] 5}g .
t/, g]kfn ;/sf/sf] %) k|ltzt jf ;f] eGbf a9L :jfldTj ePsf ljQLo If]q;Fu ;DalGwt ;+:yf sd{rf/L
;~rosf]if, gful/s nufgL sf]if / /fli6o aLdf ;+:yfgsf] xsdf a9Ldf @% k|ltzt;Dd o; a}+ssf]
:jLs[lt lnO{ Ps eGbf a9L a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfdf ;+:yfks ;]o/ nufgL ug{ afwf k'u]sf] dflgg] 5}g .
dfly plNnlvt ;LdfeGbf a9L ;]o/ wf/0f ug]{ ;+:yfks ;]o/wgLx?sf] xsdf tf]lsPsf] ;Ldfleq
gcfP;Dd ;DalGwt a+}s tyf ljQLo ;+:Yffaf6 ljt/0f ul/g] gub nfef+z tyf af]g; ;]o/ /f]Ssf /fvL
;DalGwt ;+:Yffaf6 hf/L ul/g] xsk|b ;]o/df ;xefuL x'g aGb]h nufOPsf] 5 . ;fy} To:tf] a}+s tyf
ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ ufEgufleg lgb]{zg lbg ;lsg]5 . t/ o; lgb]{zgn] ;DalGwt ;+:yfksx?n] rfx]sf]
v08df xsk|b ;]o/ xs x:tfGt/0f ug{ eg] afwf k'ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
*= k|rlnt sfg'g / o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zg kfngf ug]{u/fpg] ;Gbe{df a+}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] wf/0f u/]sf
;+:yfks ;]o/, ;+:yfks ;+:yfks aLrdf x:tfGt/0f ug'{ kg]{ cj:yf cfO{ k/]df o; a}+ssf] :jLs[lt lnO{
k|lt JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL, ;+:yf tyf ;d'xsf] !% k|ltztsf] ;LdfeGbf a9L ePdf ;d]t vl/b laqmL ug{ afwf
k'u]sf] dflgg] 5}g . t/, o;/L wf/0f u/]sf ;]o/ !% k|ltztsf] ;LdfeGbf a9L ePsf] cj:yfdf pQm ;]o/
cfkm"n] wf/0f u/]sf] ldltn] % jif{ leq laqmL ljt/0f u/L clgjfo{ ?kdf !% k|ltztsf] ;Ldfleq NofO{ ;Sg'
kg]{5 .
pko{'Qm tf]lsPsf] ;Ldfleq sfod g/x]sf a+}s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf ;+:Yffks ;]o/wgLx?nfO{ pQm
;Ldfleq gcfP;Dd ;DalGwt a+}s tyf ljQLo ;+:Yffaf6 ljt/0f x'g] gub nfef+z, af]g; ;]o/ / xsk|b
;]o/df ;xefuL x'g aGb]h nufOPsf] 5 .
(= ;+:yfkssf] :jfldTjdf /x]sf] ;]o/ gfd;f/L jf vl/b u/L lng] JolQm jf ;+:yf klg ;+:yfksx?sf] ;d'xdf
/xg] u/L Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] k|aGwkq / lgodfjnLdf clgjfo{ ?kdf ;+zf]wg ug]{ Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 .
!)= o; a}+saf6 :jLs[lt glnO{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ;+:yfks ;d'xsf] ;]o/ gfd;f/L jf laqmL u/]sf] nut
sf u/L lbPdf To:tf ;+:yfnfO{ g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf !)) adf]lhd sf/jfxL x'g]5 .
!!= Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;+:yfks jf ;+:yfks ;d""xsf] ;]o/df ;xsf/L ;++:yfx?af6 nufgL ug]{] ;DaGwdf
o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkq k|fKt u/]sf jf Ohfhtkqsf] nflu gofF lgj]bg k]z x'g] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf]
;+:yfks jf ;+:yfks ;d'xsf] ;]o/df k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd ;+:yflkt ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?n] ;+:yfut
?kdf nufgL ug{ kfpg] 5}gg\ .
!@= Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ;j{;fwf/0fsf nflu ;]o/ laqmL cfJxfg u/L ljj/0fkq ;d]t hf/L u/L ;]o/sf] z'?
lg:sf;g -Initial Public Offering_ sf] dfWodaf6 ;]o/ wf/0f u/L sfod x'g cfPsf ;]o/wgLx? afx]s
;+:yfks, ;+:yfks ;d'x / Private Placement sf] dfWodaf6 :jb]zL jf ljb]zL JolQm jf ;+:yfn] wf/0f
u/]sf]] ;]o/ ;d]t o; a}+ssf] lgodg k|of]hgfy{ ;+:yfks;+:yfks ;d'xsf] ;]o/ ;/x dflgg]] 5 .
!#= ;fj{hlgs lgisfzg ug{ egL 5'ofOPsf] lwtf]kq ;DalGwt ;+:yfks, ;~rfns jf lghsf kl/jf/n] lng
kfpg] 5}gg\ . t/, To:tf] lwtf]kqsf] b/vf:t v'Nnf /xg] egL tf]lsPsf] cjlwleq k'/f laqmL gePsf]
cj:yfdf eg] of] k|ltaGw nfu" x'g] 5}g .
!$= b'O{ k|ltzteGbf 36L ;]o/ vl/b laqmL ;DaGwL ljz]if Joj:yf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] r'Qmf k'FhLsf] b'O{ -@_ k|ltzt jf ;f]eGbf sd ;]o/ lnPsf ;+:yfks ;]o/wgLx?sf]
gfddf /x]sf] ;+:yfks ;]o/ k|rlnt P]g sfg'g tyf b]xfosf zt{x?sf] clwgdf /xL ljBdfg
;+:yfksx?aLr jf cGo JolQm jf ;+:yfnfO{ vl/blaqmL ug{sf] nflu o; a}+ssf] :jLs[lt lnO{ /xg' kg]{5}g
. gofF ;+:yfksx?n] o; a}+sn] tf]s]sf] dfkb08 / Fit and Proper Test sf] Joj:yfnfO{ kl/kfngf u/]sf]
x'g' kg]{5 . b'O{ k|ltzteGbf a9L ;]o/ wf/0f u/]sf ;+:yfks ;]o/wgLx?sf] xsdf eg] o; k|of]hgsf] nflu
;+:yfks ;]o/ v08Ls[t u/L b'O{ k|ltzt jf ;f] eGbf sd u/L o:tf] ;'ljwf pkof]u ug{ kfO{g] 5}g .

237
-s_ ;+:yfks ;]o/wgLx?sf] d[To' ePsf], jf k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd kfl/jfl/s c+zjG8f ePdf jf
cbfntsf] cfb]z ePsf] cj:yfdf ;DalGwt xsjfnfnfO{ k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd x:tfGt/0f ug{
;lsg] 5 .
-v_ d[To' eO{ jf k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd kfl/jfl/s c+zjG8f xs x:tfGt/0f ePsf] cj:yfdf afx]s
;+:yfks ;]o/wgLn] cfgf] ;+:yfks ;]o/ x:tfGt/0f ubf{ ljBdfg ;+:yfks ;]o/wgLnfO{ g}
k|fyldstf lbg' kg]{5 . ljBdfg ;+:yfks ;]o/wgLx?n] pQm ;]o/ vl/b ug{ grfx]df ;f]sf] lnlvt
hfgsf/L lnO{ cGo ;d'x jf afx\o JolQm;+:yfnfO{ a]rlavg ug{ ;lsg] 5 . ;Dk"0f{ ;+:yfksx?sf]
lnlvt ;xdlt lng ;Dej gePdf ;DalGwt a}+sljQLo ;:yf dfkm{t /fli6o:t/sf] klqsfdf
sDtLdf #% lbgsf] ;fj{hlgs ;'rgf k|sfzg u/L hfgsf/L u/fpg] / ;f] cjlwleq s;}n] vl/b ug{
rfx]sf] lnlvt hfgsf/L k]z x'g gcfPdf dfq k|rlnt sfg'gsf] clwgdf /xL cGo JolQm;+:yfnfO{
laqmL ug{ ;lsg] 5 .
-u_ ;+:yfks ;d'xsf] ;]o/ vl/b ug]{ JolQm;+:yfnfO{ ;f]xL ;+:yfks ;d'xdf ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-3_ a'Fbf g+= @ sf] v08 -_ df plNnlvt cof]Uotf ePsf] JolQm;+:yf ;+:yfks ;]o/ vl/blaqmL ug]{
sfo{df ;xefuL x'g kfpg] 5}gg\ .
-_ ;+ul7t ;+:yfn] ;]o/ vl/b ug]{ ePdf pQm ;+:yfsf] sfo{p2]Zodf ;]o/ vl/blaqmL ug{ kfpg]gkfpg]
olsg u/L ljut @ cfly{s jif{b]lv ;~rfng d'gfkmfdf /x]sf] ljQLo ljj/0f olsg u/]/ dfq laqmL ug'{ kg]{5
. ;fy}, pQm ;+ul7t ;+:yffsf] ;~rfnsx? ;d]t shf{ ;'rgf s]Gb| lnld6]8sf] sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z gePsf]
x'g' kg]{5 .
-r_ s'g} JolQm kmd{, sDkgL, Psf3/ kl/jf/ jf ;+ul7t ;+:yffjf6 ;+:Yffks ;]o/df nufgL ubf{ o;
a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt s'g} Ps a+}s tyf ljQLo ;+:Yffdf a9Ldf !% k|ltzt / cGo a}+s tyf
ljQLo ;+:yfx?df r'Qmf k'FhLsf] a9Ldf ! k|ltzt;Dd dfq nufgL ug{ ;Sg] Joj:yf /x]sf] x'Fbf ;f]
;DaGwL cj:yf ;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] olsg u/]kl5 dfq ;+:yfks ;]o/ vl/blaqmL
sfo{ x'g ;Sg]5 .
-5_ dfly v08 3, / r df plNnlvt cj:Yff k'/f eP gePsf] af/] ;DalGwt a}+sljQLo ;+:yfsf]
;~rfns ;ldltn] cfk}Fm olsg u/]/ dfq ;+:yfksx?sf] :jfldTj nut lstfadf kl/jt{g u/fpg'
kg]{5 .
;+:yfks ;]o/ vl/blaqmL ;DaGwL :jLs[lt ;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns ;ldltn] g}
k|bfg ug{ ;Sg] 5 .
-h_ ;]o/wgLx?n] vl/blaqmL ug]{ ;+:yfks ;]o/sf] d'No / ;DalGwt lgsfox?df nfUg] s/, b:t'/, ;]jf
z'Ns k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-em_ r'Qmf k'FhLsf] @ k|ltzteGbf a9L ;+:yfks ;]o/ wf/0f u/]sf] cj:yfdf To:tf] ;]o/ 6'qmf 6'qmf u/L
jf Psd'i6 ?kdf ;+:yfks ;d'xdf g/x]sf] JolQmnfO{ laqmL ug{' k/]sf] v08df ;]o/
laqmLx:tfGt/0f jf gfd;f/L ug{ o; a}+ssf] :jLs[lt lng' kg]{5 .
-`_ s'g} a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfdf ;+:yfks ;]o/ lwtf] /fvL shf{ lnPsf] cj:yfdf shf{ c;'nLsf kof{Kt
pkfox? cjnDag ubf{ ;d]t pQm shf{ c;'npk/ x'g g;sL pQm ;+:yfks ;]o/ g} hkmt ug'{ kg]{
cj:yf l;h{gf x'g uPsf] cj:yfdf / k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;+:yfks
;]o/ laqmL ug'{kg]{ afWofTds cj:yfdf ;]o/ ;+Vof / cf}lrTosf cfwf/df hkmt ul/Psf]afWofTds
?kdf laqmL ug'{ kg]{ pQm ;+:yfks ;]o/ laqmL ug{sf nflu vl/bstf{sf] klxrfg ug]{ ;DaGwdf
b]xfosf] k|lqmof cjnDag ug{ ;lsg] 5 M
;+:yfks ;]o/ ;fj{hlgs ;'rgf u/L af]nsaf]n -uf]Ko l;N86]08/_ sf] dfWodaf6 k|rlnt
sfg'g / g]kfn /fi6 a}+ssf] gLlt Pjd\ lgb{]zg ljkl/t gx'g] u/L ;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo
;+:yfsf ljBdfg ;+:yfks ;]o/wgL nufot cGo OR5's JolQm, kmd{ sDkgL tyf ;+ul7t
;+:yfnfO{ laqmL ug{ vl/bstf{ 5gf}6 ug{,
k|rlnt sfg'g tyf ljBdfg lgb{]zgdf ePsf] Joj:yf adf]lhd o;/L ;+:yfks ;]o/ vl/b ug{]
vl/bstf{ ;+:yfks ;d'xdf g} kg{] Joxf]/f ;d]t hfgsf/L u/fpg] . ;+:yfks ;]o/ vl/bstf{
klxrfg eO{;s]kl5 r'Qmf kF"hLsf] @ k|ltzteGbf 36L ;+:yfks ;]o/ wf/0f ug]{ ;+:yfks

238
 ;]o/wgLsf] ;+:yfks ;]o/sf] xsdf dfly plNnlvt k|lqmof ckgfO{ ;]o/ laqmL jf gfd;f/L ug{'
kg{] . t/, r'[Qmf k'FhLsf] @ k|ltzteGbf a9L ;]o/ :jfldTj wf/0f u/]sf] cj:yfdf ;]o/
laqmLx:tfGt/0f jf gfd;f/L ;DaGwL k|lqmof o; a}+saf6 :jLs[lt k|fKt ePkl5 dfq cl3 a9\g] .
-6_ ;+:yfks ;]o/ laqm]tf shf{ ;'rgf s]Gb| lnld6]8sf] sfnf];"rLdf ;'rLs[t /lx/x]sf] eP To:tf] ;+:yfks
;]o/ laqmLaf6 k|fKt x'g cfpg] /sd clgjfo{ ?kdf shf{ r'Qmf ug]{ k|of]hgsf nflu pkof]u ug'{ kg]{5 .
-7_ plNnlvt Joj:yfsf] clwgdf /xL ;]o/ vl/blaqmL u/L gofF sfod ePsf ;+:yfks ;]o/wgLx?
;lxtsf] cBfjlws ljj/0f !% lbgleq o; a}+s ;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-8_ dfly plNnlvt k|lqmof gk'ofO{ ;+:yfks ;]o/ vl/blaqmL ul/Psf] cj:Yffdf b]xfosf sf/jfxL x'g]5g\
a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfM g]kfn /fi6 a}+s, P]g @)%* sf] bkmf !)) adf]lhd ;r]t u/fpg]
nufotsf cGo sf/jfxL . ljqm]tf ;+:yfks ;]o/wgLsf xsdf h'g a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf]
;+:yfks ;]o/ xf] ;f]xL a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] hkmt ug{ ;Sg] .
vl/blaqmLstf{M gofF ;+:yfkgf x'g] a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;+:yfks ;]o/df nufgL ug{ / s'g}
klg Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;~rfnssf] ?kdf /xg vl/blaqmL u/]sf] ldltn] % jif{;Dd of]Uo
gx'g] .
-9_ k|rlnt P]g, sfg'g / o; a}+saf6 hf/L ul/Psf gLlt lgb]{zgx?df s'g} kl/dfh{g ePdf ;f]xL
adf]lhd plNnlvt Joj:Yffdf kl/dfh{g ePsf] dflgg] 5 .
-0f_ ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?n] o; a}sjf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;]o/ vl/b ug{ kfpg] 5}gg\ .
!%= %! k|ltzteGbf a9Lsf] ;+:yfks ;d'xsf] ;]o/ laqmL ;DaGwdf
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)&# sf] bkmf !! sf] pkbkmf -$_ sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu b]xfodf
plNnlvt zt{x?sf] clwgdf /xL %! k|ltzteGbf a9L ;+:yfks ;d'xsf] ;]o/ :jfldTj /x]sf a}+s tyf
ljQLo ;+:yfsf ;+:yfks ;]o/wgLx?n] rfx]df ;+:yfks ;d'xsf] ;]o/ :jfldTj sDtLdf %! k|ltzt sfod
/xg] u/L afFsL ;]o/ ;j{;fwf/0f ;]o/ ;/x bf];|f] ahf/ -Secondary Market_ dfkm{t sf/f]af/ ug{
;Sg]]5g\ .
-s_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] ljQLo sf/f]af/ ;~rfng ePsf] !) jif{ k'/f u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 .
-v_ ;+:yfks jf ;+:yfks ;d'xsf] ;]o/ :jfldTj sDtLdf %! k|ltzt sfod} /xg' kg]{5 .
-u_ %! k|ltzteGbf a9L ePsf] ;]o/ :jfldTj lwt]fkq ljlgdo ahf/ lnld6]8 dfkm{t vl/b
laqmLkl/0ft ug{] k|of]hgsf] nflu ;+:yfksx?sf] ;]o/ nufgLsf] cg'kftdf ;dfg'kflts ?kdf
(Pro-rata basis) a9L x'g] ;]o/ ;j{;fwf/0fdf kl/0ft u/L k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd lwtf]kqsf] bf];|f]
ahf/ dfkm{t\ vl/blaqmL ug{ ;lsg]5 .
t/, s'g} ;+:yfks;+:yfks ;d'xdf /x]sf] ;]o/wgLn] dfly pNn]v eP cg';f/sf] ;]o/x? csf]{
;d'xdf kl/0ft ug{ grfx]sf] egL :jM3f]if0ff ljj/0f k|fKt ePsf] cj:yf /x]5 eg] afFsL /x]sf
;b:ox?n] ;+:yfks;+:yfks ;d'xsf] ;]o/ :jldTj %! k|ltzteGbf sd gx'g] u/L To:tf] ;]o/
cg'kft pkof]u ug{ kfpg] 5g\ .
-3_ o; ;DaGwdf ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/; ;lxt o; a}+saf6
:jLs[lt k|fKt ug'{ kg]{5 . o;/L :jLs[lt k|fKt ePkl5 cfufdL ;fwf/0f ;efaf6 k|aGwkq tyf
lgodfjnLdf cfjZos ;+zf]wg u/L ;f]xL adf]lhd ;]o/ ;+/rgf ldnfpg' kg]{5 . ;f] adf]lhd k|aGwkq
tyf lgodfjnLdf cfjZos ;+zf]wg geP;Dd o;/L vl/blaqmL kl/0ft x'g] ;]o/sf] c+z ;+:yfks
;d'xdf g} /x]sf] dflgg] 5 .
-_ k|aGwkq tyf lgodfjnL ;+zf]wg ubf{ ;~rfns ;ldltdf klg ;]o/ :jfldTj cg'?k k|ltlglwTj x'g]
u/L ldnfpg' kg]{5 .
-r_ Psk6s ;j{;fwf/0f ;]o/df kl/0ft e};s]sf] ;]o/ k'gM ;+:yfks jf ;+:yfks ;d'xsf] ;]o/df
kl/0ft ug{ kfOg] 5}g .

239
 -5_ ;+:yfks ;d'xdf /x]sf] ;]o/ ;j{;fwf/0f ;]o/df kl/0ft u/L laqmL ug]{ JolQm;+:yf sfnf];"rLdf
/x]sf] ePdf lghsf] ;]o/ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] shf{ r'Qmf ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu dfq laqmL ug{
kfOg] 5 . sfnf];"rLdf /x]g/x]sf] Joxf]/f ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] g} olsg ug'{ kg]{5 .
-h_ o; Joj:yf cg'?k laqmLkl/0ft ug]{ sfo{ Psk6s dfq ug{ kfOg] 5 .
-em_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfdf ;~rfns sfo{sf/L k|d'v, n]vfk/LIfs, ;lrj jf a} jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf]
Joj:yfkg tyf n]vf ;DaGwLsfo{df k|ToIf ?kn] ;+nUg JolQmn] To:tf] kbdf axfn /x]sf] cj:Yffdf
;d]t ;+:yfks ;d'xsf] ;]o/ o; Joj:yf cg'?k ;j{;fwf/0fdf kl/0ft ug{ afwf kg]{5}g . t/,
vl/blaqmL ;DaGwL k|lqmof k|rlnt sfg'gsf] clwgdf /xL ug'{ kg]{5 .
!^= a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] k'FhL a[l Pjd\ k'FhL ;+/rgf kl/jt{g ug{ rfx]df b]xfosf zt{sf] clwgdf /xL ug{
;Sg]M
-s_ k'FhL a[lkl5 s'n k'FhLdf ;j{;fwf/0f ;]o/ :jfldTjsf] cg'kft k'FhL a[l cl3 sfod /x]sf]
;j{;fwf/0f ;]o/ :jfldTjsf] cg'kfteGbf sdL gx'g] u/L dfq k'FhL a[l ug'{ kg]{5 .
-v_ o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zg adf]lhd cfly{s jif{ @)^$.^% b]lv @)&) c;f/ d;fGt;Dddf tf]lsPsf] r'Qmf
k'FhL k'/f ug'{kg]{ ;+:yf afx]ssf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] tof/ u/L k]z u/]sf]] k'FhL of]hgf cg';f/
tf]lsPsf] Go'gtd r'Qmf k'FhL sfod ug{ Right Re-nounce ug]{ k|of]hg afx]s Ohfhkqk|fKt a}+s
tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] k'FhL j[l4 ubf{ ;+:yfks ;d'xdf gofF ;]o/wgL yk ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
-u_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] k'FhL a[l Pjd\ k'FhL ;+/rgfdf kl/jt{g ug{ k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd
;DalGwt ;+:yfsf] jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;efljz]if ;fwf/0f ;efjf6 :jLs[t u/fpg' kg]{5 .
-3_ o; sfo{sf nflu o; cl3 ;}flGts ;xdlt lbO;s]sf] cj:yfdf pQm ;}4flGts ;xdltdf
plNnlvt zt{sf] clwgdf /xL sfof{Gjog ug{ eg] o; Joj:yfn] afwf k'ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
-_ o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?nfO{ hf/L ul/Psf] PsLs[t lgb]{zg, @)^^ sf]
O=k|f= lgb]{zg g+= !))^^ sf] a'Fbf g+= !^ -a}=lj=lg=lj=gLltkl/kq#)^%.^^ ldlt @)^%.$.@*
sf] kl/kq_ df ePsf] Joj:yf adf]lhd ;+:yfks ;]o/sf] cg'kft yk ug{ :jLs[lt k|fKt u/]sf a}+s
tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] o; lgb]{zgsf] a'Fbf g+= !^ cg';f/sf] ;+:yfks ;]o/ ;j{;fwf/0fdf kl/jt{g
kl/0ft ug{ kfpg] 5}gg\ . ;fy}, ;f] sf] clen]vsf nflu ;]o/ k'l:tsfdf clen]vLs/0f u/L k|To]s
cfly{s jif{sf] jflif{s k|ltj]bgdf pQm ljifo v'nfpg' kg]{5 .
!&= Cross Holding u/L nufgL ul//x]sf] ;+:yfks ;]o/ laqmL ;DaGwdf
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)&# sf] bkmf %) sf] pkbkmf -!_-r_ sfof{Gjog ug]{u/fpg]
l;nl;nfdf ;f]xL P]gsf] bkmf !!-#_ sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu b]xfosf zt{x?df a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:Yffx?n]
cfk;df Cross-holding x'g] u/L nufgL u/]sf] ;+:yfks ;d'xsf] ;]o/ lwtf]kq ljlgdo ahf/ dfkm{t
vl/blaqmL ug{] ;DaGwdf b]xfo adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{5 .
-!_ o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] cGo Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf nufgLdf /lx/x]sf] ;+:yfks
;+:yfks ;d'xsf] ;]o/ g]kfn lwtf]kq ljlgdo ahf/ dfkm{t vl/blaqmL ug{ ;Sg] u/L 5'6 k|bfg
ul/Psf] .
-@_ ;+:yfks ;]o/ gfd;f/L jf laqmL ubf{ ljBdfg ;+:yfks ;]o/wgLx?sf] ?kdf /lx/x]sf cGo
;b:ox?nfO{ k|fyldstf lbg'kg]{ ljBdfg PsLs[t lgb]{zg g+= !) sf] Joj:Yff o; k|of]hgsf] nflu
nfu" gx'g] .
-#_ g]kfn lwtf]kq ljlgdo ahf/ dfkm{t ;]o/ vl/b ug]{ JolQm;+:yf ;d]t ;+:yfks ;d'xdf g} sfod
/xg] .
-$_ ;+:Yffks ;d'xsf] ;]o/ vl/bstf{ shf{ ;'rgf s]Gb| ln= sf] sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z gePsf] x'g'kg]{ /
k|rlnt sfg'g tyf o; a}+saf6 hf/L ul/Psf lgb]{zg adf]lhd ;+:yfks ;]o/;+:yfks ;d'xsf]
;]o/ vl/b ug{ cof]Uo gePsf] :jM3f]if0ff (Self Declaration) ;]o/ vl/b ubf{sf] cj:Yffdf g} k]z ug'{
kg]{ .
-%_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] o; lgb]{zg adf]lhd cGo a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?df cfkm"n] nufgL
u/]sf] ;+:yfks ;]o/ o; lgb]{zg adf]lhd clgjfo{?kdf a]rlavg u/L ;Sg' kg]{ .

240
 -^_ ;]o/ vl/b laqmL ;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf tyf k|lqmofsf ;DaGwdf k|rlnt sfg'g cg';f/ g} x'g] .
-&_ lwtf]kq ljlgdo ahf/ dfkm{t Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] vl/blaqmL u/]sf ;+:yfks ;]o/x? lwtf]kq
ljlgdo ahf/ dfkm{t k'gM vl/b laqmL ug{ ;lsg] . t/ o;/L ;]o/ vl/b ug]{ JolQm;+:yfx?
;DalGwt ;+:yfks ;d'xd} /xg] .
-*_ o;/L JolQm tyf ;+:yfn] k'gM ;]o/ vl/blaqmL ug]{ ;DaGwdf dfly plNnlvt pka'Fbf g+= % df
pNn]v ePsf] Joj:yf afx]ssf cGo ;Dk"0f{ a'Fbfsf Joj:yfx? cfslif{t x'g] .
!*= Cross Holding laqmL u/]kl5 dfq nfef+z km's'jf ug]{
!*=! Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] cGo Ohfhkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?df u/]sf] ;+:yfks
;]o/ nufgL (Cross Holding) @)^% r}t d;fGtleq laqmL (Divest) u/L ;Sg'kg]{ Joj:yf ePsf]df pQm
Joj:yfsf]] kfngf gu/]sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] sf/jfxL ul/g] 5 .
s= ;+:yfks ;]o/ nufgL -Cross Holding_ cGTo ug]{ ;DaGwL gLltut Joj:yf kfngf gu/]sf a}+s tyf
ljQLo ;+:yfn] xsk|b ;]o/ vl/b ug{ gkfpg], gub nfef+z, af]g; ;]o/nfO{ /f]Ssf /fVg] / /f]Ssf
/flvPsf] af]g; ;]o/ nufot ;a} Cross Holding laqmL -Divest_ u/]kl5 dfq gub nfef+z km's'jf
ul/g] 5 .
v= tf]lsPsf] ;do leq klg a]rljvg gu/]sf ;+:yfnfO{ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)&# sf]
bkmf (( adf]lhd sf/jfxL ul/g] 5 .
!*=@ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)&# afx]s cGo k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd :yfkgf eO{ lgIf]k kl/rfng
tyf shf{sf] sf/f]af/ ul//x]sf ;+:yfn] o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;+:yfks ;]o/df u/]sf] nufgL
@)^% c;f/ d;fGtleq laqmL gu/]sf] ePdf To:tf] ;+:yfks ;]o/df nufgL u/]sf ;+:yfnfO{ xsk|b
;]o/gub nfef+z ljt/0f ug{ gkfOg], af]g; ;]o/nfO{ /f]Ssf /fVg] / /f]Ssf /flvPsf] af]g; ;]o/ nufot ;a}
Cross Holding laqmL -Divest_ u/]kl5 dfq gub nfef+z km's'jf ug'{ kg]{5 .
!(= xsk|b ;]o/ ;DaGwdf
!= xsk|b ;]o/ laqmL ;DaGwdf
-s_ tf]lsPsf] k'FhLsf]if cg'kft sfod u/]sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfxsf] xsdf xsk|b ;]o/ hf/L ubf{
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)&# sf] bkmf ( -!_ adf]lhd ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ laqmL ljt/0f
ul/Psf] ;]o/ wf/0f ug]{ s'g} ;]o/wgLn] vl/b gu/]df jf ;]o/ vl/b ug]{ xs cnfO{ laqmL jf
x:tfGt/0f gu/]df To;/L laqmL x'g g;s]sf] xsk|b ;]o/sf] c+z v08 -u_ df plNnlvt cj:yfdf
afx]s cGo cj:yfdf :jtM vf/]h ug'{ kg]{]5 .
-v_ v08 -s_ adf]lhd vf/]h ug'{ k/]sf] cj:yfdf k|To]s jif{ ;dfg'kflts kdf r'Qmf k'FhL j[l4
ub]}{ n}hfg' kg]{ o; a}+ssf] k|fjwfg kfngf ug]{ k|of]hgsf nflu To:tf] vf/]hL ug'{ k/]sf]
;]o/sf] /sdsf] xb;DdnfO{ cfufdL jif{df ;dfof]hg ug{ ;lsg] 5 .
-u_ v08 -s_ adf]lhd :jtM vf/]h ug'{k/]sf] sf/0faf6 k|rlnt sfg'gL tyf gLltut Joj:yf adf]lhd
;]o/ :jfldTj ;+/rgfdf k|lts'n c;/ kg]{ cj:yf ePdf dfq To:tf] ;]o/sf] c+z ;fj{hlgs ;'rgf
dfkm{t ;fj{hlgs af]nsjf]nsf] cfwf/ (Public Auction Basis) df Go'gtd k|lt ;]o/ d'No ?=
!)) tf]sL laqmL ug{ ;lsg] 5 . o;/L ;fj{hlgs af]nsjf]nsf] dfWodf/f laqmL ubf{ k|lt ;]o/ ?=
!)) eGbf a9L k|fKt x'g cfpg] /sd -Premium_ nfO{ ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] 5'6\6}
Share Premium zLif{s cGt{ut b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
-3_ ;+:yfks;+:yfks ;d'x cGtu{tsf] laqmL x'g g;s]sf] o:tf] xsk|b ;]o/sf] c+z k|rlnt Joj:yf
cg'?k ljBdfg ;+:yfksx?nfO{ laqmL ug{ ;lsg] 5 . ljBdfg ;+:yfksx?nfO{ laqmL x'g g;s]df
k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;+:yfks ;]o/ cGo JolQmnfO{ laqmL ug'{kg]{
afWofTds cj:yfdf ;]o/ ;+Vof / cf}lrTosf cfwf/df afWofTds ?kdf laqmL ug'{ kg]{ pQm
;+:yfks ;]o/ laqmL ug{sf nflu vl/bstf{sf] klxrfg ug]{ ;DaGwdf b]xfosf] k|lqmof cjnDag ug{
;lsg] 5 M
;+:yfks ;]o/ ;fj{hlgs ;'rgf u/L af]nsaf]n -uf]Ko l;N86]08/_ sf] dfWodaf6 k|rlnt
sfg'g / g]kfn /fi6 a}+ssf] gLlt Pjd\ lgb{]zg ljkl/t gx'g] u/L ;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo

241
 ;+:yfsf ljBdfg ;+:yfks ;]o/wgL nufot cGo OR5's JolQm, kmd{ sDkgL tyf ;+ul7t
;+:yfnfO{ laqmL ug{ vl/bstf{ 5gf}6 ug{,
k|rlnt sfg'g tyf ljBdfg lgb{]zgdf ePsf] Joj:yf adf]lhd o;/L ;+:yfks ;]o/ vl/b ug{]
vl/bstf{ ;+:yfks ;d'xdf g} kg{] Joxf]/f ;d]t hfgsf/L u/fpg] . ;+:yfks ;]o/ vl/bstf{
klxrfg eO{;s]kl5 r'Qmf kF"hLsf] @ k|ltzteGbf 36L ;+:yfks ;]o/ wf/0f ug]{ ;+:yfks
;]o/wgLsf] ;+:yfks ;]o/sf] xsdf a'Fbf g+= !$ df plNnlvt k|lqmof ckgfO{ ;]o/ laqmL jf
gfd;f/L ug{' kg{] . t/, r'[Qmf k'FhLsf] @ k|ltzteGbf a9L ;]o/ :jfldTj wf/0f u/]sf] cj:yfdf
;]o/ laqmLx:tfGt/0f jf gfd;f/L ;DaGwL k|lqmof o; a}+saf6 :jLs[lt k|fKt ePkl5 dfq
cl3 a9\g] . o; k|lqmofaf6 ;]o/ vl/b ug]{ JolQm;+:yf k|rlnt Joj:yf cg';f/ of]Uotf
k'u]sf] x'g' kg]{5 .
-_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+sljQLo ;+:yfn] xsk|b ;]o/ lgisfzg ubf{ ;fljssf ;+:yfks
;]o/wgLx?n] vl/b ug{ kfpg] xsk|b ;]o/sf] ;Dk"0f{ jf cf+lzs xs x:tfGt/0f ug{ rfx]df
k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd k|aGwkq tyf lgodfjnLdf Joj:yf u/L r'Qmf k'FhLsf] @ k|ltzt jf
;f]eGbf sd ;]o/ lnPsf ;+:yfks ;]o/wgLsf] xsdf ;DalGwt a}+sljQLo ;+:yfn] g}
;+:yfks z]o/wgLsf] nflu tf]lsPsf] of]Uotf (Fit and Proper Test) k'/f u/]sf JolQmnfO{ xs
x:tfGt/0f u/L lbg ;Sg]5 .
-r_ v08 -s_ b]lv -_ ;Dd h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtf klg a} jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf ;~rfns,
sfo{sf/L k|d'v, n]vfkl/Ifs, sfg'gL ;Nnfxsf/, sDkgL ;lrj jf a} jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf]
Joj:yfkg tyf n]vf ;DaGwL sfo{df k|ToIf ?kn] ;+nUg JolQmn] To:tf] kbdf axfn /xFbfsf avt
jf To:tf] kb 5f8]sf] sDtLdf Ps jif{;Dd ;DalGwt a} jf ljQLo ;+:yf jf To;sf] ;xfos
sDkgLsf] xsk|b ;]o/ pNn]lvt JolQmx?aLr Psfk;df xs x:tfGt/0f ug{ jf xs x:tfGt/0f
:jLsf/ ug{ x'Fb}g .
@= xsk|b ;]o/df k'j{ nufgL ug]{ ;DaGwdf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] k'FhL kof{Kttf sfod ug]{ k|of]hgsf nflu ;+:yfksx?n] xsk|b
;]o/ -Right Share_ df k'j{nufgL ug{ rfx]df lgDg zt{x?sf] clwgdf /xL ug{ ;Sg] 5g\ .
-s_ k'FhL j[l4 ;DaGwL k|:tfj ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;fwf/0f;efaf6 lg0f{o eO;s]sf] x'g'
kg]{ .
-v_ o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zg cg';f/ k'FhLsf]if cg'kft k'ofpg] k|of]hgsf] nflu ;+:yfks ;]o/wgLx?af6
clu|d ?kdf ;+sng u/]sf] /sd Calls in Advance zLif{sdf hDdf ug'{ kg]{ / To;/L hDdf
ul/Psf] /sdnfO{ a}sljQLo ;+:yfn] To;kl5sf] xsk|b ;]o/ -Right Share_ hf/L ubf{sf]
cj:yfdf clgjfo{ ?kdf ;dfof]hg ug'{ kg]{5 . To;}u/L, a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf ;]o/wgL -
;+:yfks;j{;fwf/0f ;d'x_ x?n] o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zg adf]lhdsf] cfgf] k'FhL of]hgf cg';f/
;dfg'kflts ?kdf k'FhL k'/\ofpg' kg]{ ;DalGwt cfly{s jif{ leqdf g} xsk|b ;]o/ jfkt /sd
hDdf ul/;s]sf] t/ ;]o/ af+8kmf+8 gePsf] sf/0f ;DalGwt cfly{s jif{df r'Qmf k'FhL zLif{sdf
;dfof]hg x'g g;s]sf] cj:yfdf To:tf] /sdnfO{ ;d]t ;]o/ jfkt clu|d ?kdf ;+sng u/]sf]
/sdnfO{ Calls in Advance zLif{sdf b]vfpg ;lsg] 5 . o;/L cu|Ld ?kdf ;+slnt k'FhL
/sdnfO{ o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zg cg';f/ ;dfg'kftLs ?kdf j[l4 ub}{ hfg' kg]{ r'Qmf k'FhLdf u0fgf
ug{] k|of]hgsf nflu ;d]t ;dfa]z ug{ ;lsg] .
-u_ o;/L cu|Ld ?kdf ;]o/df nufgL ubf{ ;DalGwt ;+:yfks ;]o/wgLn] cfgf] c+z -Share_ ;Dd
dfq nufgL ug{ ;Sg] .
-3_ o:tf] Calls in Advance sf] ;6\6fdf s'g} k|sf/sf] ;'ljwf, C0f lbg jf lwtf] /fVg gkfOg] .
-_ o:tf] Calls in Advance df s'g} k|sf/sf] Aofh lnglbg gkfOg] / ;]o/ k'FhL jfkt ul/g]
To:tf] clu|d ;]o/ nufgL /sdnfO{ s'g} klg cj:yfdf lkmtf{ e'Qmfg ug{, lemSg jf 36fpg -
Divestment_ gkfOg] . ;fy}, o:tf] /sd r'Qmf k'FhLdf n]vf+sg geP;Dd o;df nfef+z lbg
gkfOg] .
-r_ xsk|b ;]o/df ul/g] k'j{ nufgL /sdnfO{ To;kl5sf] xsk|b ;]o/ lgisf;g -Right Share Issue_
;Fu cfj4 -Tie- up_ ug'{ kg]{ .

242
 -5_ o;/L cu|Ld ?kdf ;+slnt k'FhL /sdnfO{ Calls in Advance zLif{sdf b]vfpg' kg]{ / o;df
hDdf ePsf] /sdn] vfd]df zfvf vf]Ng] k|of]hgfy{ cfjZos kg]{ cltl/Qm k'FhLsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu
;d]t r'Qmf k'FhL ;/x g} dfGotf k|bfg ul/g] .
-h_ xsk|b ;]o/df k'j{ nufgL eP klg xsk|b ;]o/ lgZsf;g ubf{ k'/f ug'{ kg]{ ;Dk"0f{ k|lqmof /
ljBdfg Joj:yf kfngf u/]sf]] x'g' kg]{ .
@)= Ohfhkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf ljb]zL nufgL ;DaGwdf
-!_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)&# sf] bkmf % sf] pkbkmf -!_ df ePsf] Joj:yf adf]lhd
s'g} ljb]zL a} jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] dfq Ohfhkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf nufgL ug{ ;Sg] 5g\ .
-@_ s'g} ljb]zL a} jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] nufgL /x]sf] sf/0faf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] a}+s tyf ljQLo
;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)&# sf] bkmf ( adf]lhd ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ laqmL ljt/0f ug{sf] nflu cfgf] s'n
hf/L k'FhLsf] sDtLdf tL; k|ltzt ;]o/ 5'6\ofpg' kg]{ Joj:yfdf 5'6 kfO{ s'g} sf/0fjz ljb]zL
nufgL lkmtf{ nuL g]kfnL JolQm jf ;+:yfnfO{ laqmL u/]sf] cj:yfdf ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt
;+:yfn] Ps jif{leq ;j{;fwf/0f ;]o/sf] lx:;f sDtLdf tL; k|ltzt k'/\ofpg' kg]{5 . xfn s'g}
Ohfhkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] pQm bkmfsf] kfngf ug{ afFsL ePsf] cj:yfdf @)&@ cfiff9d;fGtleq
;j{;fwf/0f ;]o/sf] lx:;f sDtLdf tL; k|ltzt k'/\ofpg' kg]{5 .
-#_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] a}b]zLs :jfldTjdf /x]sf] ;]o/ vl/b / laqmL ug{ o; a}+ssf] :jLs[lt lng'
kg]{5 .
@!= Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;+:yfks z]o/wgLx?nfO{ Pp6} ;+:yfks ;d"xdf /fVg' kg]{5 . of]
lgb]{zg hf/L x'Fbf s'g} a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] k|jGwkq tyf lgodfjnLdf ;f] cg';f/sf] Joj:yf gePsf]
eP cfufdL ;fwf/0f ;efn] ;f] ;DaGwL k|:tfj kfl/t u/L ;+zf]wg ug'{ kg]{5 .
t/, j}b]lzs nufgL / ;+:yfut nufgL /x]sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] k|aGwkq tyf lgodfjnLdf
;dfg'kflts k|ltlglwTj sfod x'g] u/L ;~rfns ;+Vof tf]Sg] Joj:yf ug{ afwf k'u]sf] dflgg] 5}g .
@@= vf/]hL / jrfpm
-!_ o; a}+saf6 o;cl3 hf/L ul/Psf b]xfosf lgb]{zgx? vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 M
PsLs[t lgb]{zg, @)&# sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;+:yfks ;]o/ gfd;f/L jf laqmL ;DaGwL Joj:yf
O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= !))&# af6 hf/L ul/Psf] lgb]{zg tyf ;f] kZrft ldlt @)&$ ;fpg ( ut] ;Dd
hf/L ePsf o;} ljifo;Fu ;DalGwt ;Dk"0f{ kl/kqx? .
-@_ pka'Fbf -!_ adf]lhd vf/]h ul/Psf lgb]{zg tyf kl/kq adf]lhd eP u/]sf sfd sf/jfxL o;}
lgb]{zg adf]lhd eP u/]sf] dflgg]5 .

243
 g]kfn /fi6 a}+s
s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu

O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= !!)&$

;xljQLos/)f shf{ ;DaGwL Joj:yf .

o; a}+saf6 s, v / u ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] ;xljQLos/0f (Consortium

Financing) cGtu{t k|jfx ug]{ shf{nfO{ Jojl:yt / k|efjsf/L agfpgsf nflu g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* sf]
bkmf &( n] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L b]xfosf] lgb]{zg hf/L ul/Psf] 5 .
!= ;xljQLos/0f shf{sf]] kl/efiff
ljifo jf k|;Fun] csf]{ cy{ gnfu]df o; lgb]{zgdf ;xljQLos/0f shf{ eGgfn] b'O{ jf b'O{ eGbf a9L
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] cfk;L ;dembf/Lsf] cfwf/df ;+emf}tf u/L s'g} Pp6f u|fxs, kmd{, sDkgLnfO{ jf
kl/of]hgfsf] nflu k|jfx ug{] shf{ ;fk6 tyf ;'ljwfnfO{ ;Demg' k5{ .
@= ;xljQLos/0f -Consortium_ ;DaGwdf
;xljQLos/0f cGtu{t k|jfx ePsf shf{ pkef]u ug]{ kmd{sDkgLn] cu'jf a}+s tyf ;xefuL a}+sx?;Fu
dfq a}+ls sf/f]af/ ug'{ kg]{5 . of] Joj:yf Loose Consortium shf{df klg ;dfg?kn] nfu" x'g]5 . t/,
Ps k6s ;xljQLos/0f ;d'x u7g eO;s]kl5 ;f] ;d'xsf] ;xdlt lnO{ gofF ;b:onfO{ k|j]z u/fpg of]
Joj:yfn] afwf k'ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
Loose Consortium eGgfn] ;xljQLos/0f ;d'x u7g gu/L Pp6f kl/of]hgfsf] nflu kfl/kf;'sf]
dfWodaf6 ;'/If0f sfod /xg] u/L b'O{ jf b'O{ eGbf a9L a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] k|jfx u/]sf]ug]{ shf{
;fk6 tyf ;'ljwf eGg] ;Demg'k5{ .
#= ;xljQLos/0fdf ;xeflutfsf] nflu cfjZos zt{
-!_ o; a}+saf6 ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] dfq ;xljQLos/0fdf efu lng kfpg]
5g\ .
t/ sd{rf/L ;+rosf]if, gful/s nufgL sf]if, hnljB't nufgL tyf ljsf; sDkgL lnld6]8 / aLdf
sDkgLnfO{ o; a}+saf6 ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf cu'jf ;+:yf x'g] u/L u7g x'g]
;xljQLos/0f ;d'xdf ;xefuL e} shf{ k|jfx ug{ of] Joj:yfn] afwf k'ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
:ki6Ls/0f: o; lgb]{zgsf] k|of]hgsf]nflu cu'jf ;+:yf eGgfn] ;xljQLos/0f ;d'xn] cu'jf ;+:yf egL
rog u/]sf] s'g} Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf ;Demg' k5{ .
-@_ pka'Fbf -!_ sf] k|ltaGwfTds jfSof+zdf plNnlvt ;+:yf afx]ssf cGo ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ ;x
ljQLos/0fdf ;xefuL u/fOPdf o; a}+snfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg' kg]{5 .
$= cGo ;+:yfn] C0f k|jfx ug{ / u|fxssf] vftf vf]Ng aGb]h
-!_ ;xljQLos/0fdf ;xefuL gePsf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ;xljQLos/0f ;d'xf/f k|jflxt
shf{df yk x'g] u/L s'g} klg k|sf/sf] shf{ ;fk6 tyf ;'ljwf k|jfx ug{ kfpg] 5}g .
t/, ljz]if sf/0f k/]df ;x-ljQLos/0f ;d'xsf] :jLs[lt lnO{ To:tf] ;d'xdf ;xefuL gePsf] s'g}]
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ;xljQLos/0f ;d'xf/f k|jflxt shf{df yk x'g] u/L s'g} klg k|sf/sf]
shf{ ;fk6 tyf ;'ljwf k|jfx ug{ kfpg]5 .
:ki6Ls/0f:- o; lgb]{zgsf] k|of]hgsf]nflu ;xljQLos/0f ;d'x eGgfn] ;xljQLos/0fdf
;xefuL ;+:yfx?sf] ;d'x ;Demg' k5{ .

244
 -@_ ;xljQLos/0fsf] Joj:yf cGtu{t shf{ ;fk6 tyf ;'ljwf lnPsf]] s'g} u|fxs, kmd{, sDkgL jf
kl/of]hgfsf] To:tf] shf{ ;fk6 tyf ;'ljwfsf] vftf ;xljQLos/0fdf ;xefuL ;b:o afx]ssf cGo
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf vf]Ng kfOg] 5}g .
t/, To:tf] vftf ljz]if sf/0fj; cGo Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf vf]Ng' kg]{ kl/l:ylt k/]df ;x
ljQLos/0f ;d'xsf] :jLs[lt lnO{ vf]Ng ;lsg]5 .
%= shf{ ljt/0fsf] lg0f{o ug]{ ;dofjlw
shf{sf] nflu lgj]bg k/L ;xljQLos/0f ;d'x u7g eO{ cu'jf ;+:yfsf] rog ;d]t eO;s] kZrft\ gAa]
lbgleq ;xljQLos/0fdf ;xefuL x'g] cu'jf ;+:yf tyf ;xefuL ;b:ox?n] shf{ ;fk6 tyf ;'ljwf
k|jfx ug]{ jf gug]{ ;DaGwdf lg0f{o lbO;Sg' kg]{5 .
^= ;xefuL Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] rog
;xljQLos/0fdf ;xefuL x'g] cGo ;b:ox?sf] rog ug]{ clwsf/ C0fL / lghn] shf{ ;fk6 tyf
;'ljwfsf] nflu lgj]bg lbPsf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfnfO{ x'g]5 .
t/, Psk6s ;xljQLos/0f ;d'x u7g eO{;s]kl5 ;f] ;d'xsf] ;xdlt lagf gofF ;b:onfO{ k|j]z u/fpg
kfOg] 5}g .
&= ;xljQLos/0f ;d'xsf] u7g
a'Fbf g+= % adf]lhd rog ePsf ;Dk"0f{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] shf{ ;fk6 tyf ;'ljwf k|jfx ug{' cl3
;xljQLos/0fdf ;xefuL x'g] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?sf] ;xljQLos/0f ;d'x u7g ug'{ kg]{5 . ;f]
;d'xsf] cfGtl/s sfo{ljlw ;d'x :jo+n] lgwf{/0f u/] adf]lhd x'g]5 .
*= cu'jf ;+:yfsf] rog
;a}eGbf a9L shf{ ;fk6 tyf ;'ljwfsf] c+z nufgL ug{ OR5's, u|fxs;Fu nfdf] cjlwb]lv kl/lrt, ;x
ljQLos/0fdf cg'ej k|fKt tyf Jofj;flos ;Nnfx lbg] ;Ifdtf cflbsf] cfwf/df ;xljQLos/0f ;d'xsf
;b:on] cfkm"dWo]af6 s'g} Ps Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfnfO{ cu'jf ;+:yfsf] ?kdf rog ug'{ kg]{5 .
(= shf{ ljt/0f tyf c;'nL cu'jf ;+:yfaf6 ug'{ kg]{
;xljQLos/0f cGtu{t shf{ ;fk6 tyf ;'ljwf k|jfx ubf{ / ;f]sf] ;fFjf / Aofh c;'nL ubf{ cu'jf ;+:yf
dfkm{t\ ug'{ kg]{5 . ls:tf ;fFjf tyf Aofh cfFlzs ?kdf c;'nL ePsf] cj:yfdf nufgLsf] cg'kftdf
bfdf;fxLn] jfF8kmfF8 ug'{ kg]{5 .
!)= cu'jf ;+:yfsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/
cu'jf ;+:yfsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ b]xfo adf]lhd x'g]5 M
-s_ ;xljQLos/0fdf ;xefuL ;b:ox?sf] cu'jf tyf k|ltlglw -Ph]G6_ sf] ?kdf sfd ug]{,
-v_ ;xljQLos/0fdf ;xefuL ;b:ox?sf aLrdf ;dGjo ug]{ / cfjZos kqfrf/ ug]{,
-u_ ;xljQLos/0f ;d'xsf] a}7s sDtLdf rf/ dlxgfdf Ps k6s clgjfo{ ?kdf af]nfpg],
-3_ s'g} ljz]if sf/0f k/L ;xljQLos/0f ;d'xsf] s'g} ;b:on]] ;d'xsf] a}7s af]nfpg dfu u/]df kGw|
lbgleq a}7s af]nfpg],
-_ kl/of]hgf ljZn]if0f ug{], k|ltj]bg tof/ ug]{ / ;f] k|ltj]bgsf] k|lt ;xljQLos/0fdf ;xefuL
;b:ox?nfO{ pknAw u/fpg],
-r_ kl/of]hgfsf] nflu cNksfnLg shf{ dfu ePdf ;f]sf] cfjZostfsf] ljZn]if0f ug]{,
-5_ ;xljQLos/0fdf ;xefuL ;b:ox?sf] ;xdltsf cfwf/df ;xljQLos/0f ;DaGwL ;+emf}tfsf
zt{x? tof/ ug]{ / To:tf zt{x?sf] PsPs k|lt ;a} ;xefuL ;b:ox?nfO{ pknAw u/fpg],
-h_ shf{ ;fk6 tyf ;'ljwf k|jfx ug{sf nflu cfjZos sfuhft tof/ kfg]{,
-em_ lwtf] /f]Ssf /fVg] Joj:yf ldnfpg] tyf aLdf nufotsf nufgL ;'/lIft ug]{ ;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ sfo{x?
ug]{ ,

245
 -`_ shf{ ;fk6 tyf ;'ljwf ;'/If0f ;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ sfuhftx? ;'/lIft /fVg] / To:tf sfuhftx?sf]
k|ltlnkL ;a} ;xefuL ;b:ox?nfO{ pknAw u/fpg],
-6_ ;do;dodf C0fLaf6 cfjZos tYof tyf cGo ;'rgfx? k|fKt ug]{ / ;f] ;'rgfx? ;a} ;xefuL
;b:ox?nfO{ pknAw u/fpg],
-7_ ;do ;dodf ;xefuL ;b:ox?sf] ;xeflutfdf kl/of]hgfsf] :ynut lg/LIf0f ug]{ / lg/LIf0f
k|ltj]bg tof/ ug]{ tyf ;f] k|ltj]bgsf] k|ltlnkL ;a} ;xefuL ;b:ox?nfO{ pknAw u/fpg]],
-8_ shf{ ;fk6 tyf ;'ljwf k|jfx ul/Psf] kl/of]hgfsf] ;do ;dodf sfo{;Dkfbgsf] d"Nofg u/L
;f]sf] hfgsf/L ;a} ;b:ox?nfO{ u/fpg],
-9_ ;xljQLos/0f ;DaGwL o; a}+sdf k7fpg' kg]{ ;Dk"0f{ ;'rgfx? k7fpg], ;xljQLos/0fsf af/]df
cu'jf ;+:yfsf] ?kdf / cGo ;xefuL ;b:ox?sf] tk{maf6 ;d]t o; a}+sdf cfjZos kqfrf/ ug]{ /
;f]sf] hfgsf/L ;a} ;xefuL ;b:ox?nfO{ lbg],
-0f_ C0f gltg]{ C0fL pk/ s'g} lsl;dsf] sfg'gL sf/jfxL cufl8 a9fpg' kg]{ cj:yf cfPdf ;x
ljQLos/0f ;d'xsf]] a}7saf6 ;f]sf] lg0f{o u/fO{ cfjZos sfg'gL sf/jfxL cufl8 a9fpg],
-t_ cfgf] e'ldsf lgjf{x u/]afkt C0fL ;d]tsf] ;xdltdf ;xljQLos/0f ;d'xn] lg0f{o u/] adf]lhd
;]jf z'Ns lng ;Sg],
-y_ ;xljQLos/0f cGtu{t nufgL ug{ sa'n u/]sf] /sd s'g} ;b:oaf6 ljt/0f ug{ l9nfO{ e} ;f] /sd
;xefuL ;b:osf] tk{maf6 cu'jf ;+:yfn] cfgf] k|ltu|fxs shf{ ;Ldfleq /xL k|jfx u/]df ;fFjf
/sd / l9nfO{ u/]hlt cjlwsf] Aofh tyf ;xljQLos/0f ;d'x aLrsf] ;xdltdf lgwf{/0f ul/P
adf]lhd xhf{gf ;d]t l9nfO{ ug]{ ;xefuL ;b:oaf6 c;'npk/ ug{;Sg],
-b_ ;xljQLos/0fsf] Joj:yf ldnfpFbf x'g] ljleGg vr{ nufot C0f gltg]{ C0fL pk/ sfg'gL sf/jfxL
cufl8 a9fpFbf x'g] vr{ C0fLaf6 c;'n x'g g;s]df ;a} ;xefuL ;b:ox?af6 nufgL ul/Psf] shf{
/sdsf] cg'kftdf c;'npk/ ug{ ;Sg],
-w_ shf{ ;fk6 tyf ;'ljwf k|bfg ug'{ cl3 shf{ ;'rgf s]Gb|af6 C0fLsf ;DaGwdf cfjZos ;'rgf
lng'kg]{ / o;/L ;'rgf lnFbf To:tf] C0fL sfnf] ;"rLdf k/]sf] jf lghn] s'g} shf{ oyf;dodf r'Qmf
gu/]sf] ePdf shf{ k|jfx ug{ gkfOg],
-g_ ;xljQLos/0f ;DaGwL ;Demf}tfdf pNn]v eP adf]lhd C0fLnfO{ oyf;dodf shf{ ;fk6 tyf
;'ljwf pknAw u/fpg] .
-k_ o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zgsf] clwgdf /xL ;xljQLos/0f ;d'xsf] a}7ssf] lg0f{ofg';f/ cGo cfjZos sfd
sf/jfxL ug]{,
!!= ax'dtsf] lg0f{o dfGo x'g]
;xljQLos/0fdf ;xefuL ;b:ox?sf aLr s'g} ljifodf dt}Sotf x'g g;s]df ax'dtaf6 lg0f{o lng'
kg]{5 / To:tf] dtsf] u0fgf ubf{ shf{ nufgLsf] k|ltztsf] cfwf/df ug'{ kg]{5 . sy+sbflrt dt a/fa/
ePdf cu'jf ;+:yfn] lg0ff{os dt lbg kfpg] 5 .
!@= ;xljQLos/0fdf ;xefuL ;b:ox?sf] bfloTj tyf st{Jo
;xefuL ;b:ox?sf] bfloTj tyf st{Jo b]xfo adf]lhd x'g]5 M
-s_ cu'jf ;+:yfnfO{ cfgf] tk{maf6 ;xljQLos/0f ;DaGwL sfdsf/jfxL ug]{ :jLs[lt kq -d~h'/Lgfdf_
lbg],
-v_ cu'jf ;+:yfnfO{ cfgf] e'ldsf lgjf{x ug{ cfjZos kg]{ ;Dk"0f{ ;xof]u pknAw u/fpg],
-u_ ;xljQLos/0f ;DaGwL a}7sdf ;qmLo?kn] efu lng],
-3_ ;xljQLos/0f ;d'xsf] a}7saf6 cf}krfl/s ?kdf shf{, ;fk6 tyf ;'ljwf lbg] lg0f{o eO{ ;s]kl5
;xljQLos/0f ;DaGwL ;+emf}tfsf zt{x?df plNnlvt ;Dk"0f{ zt{x?sf] kfngf ug]{,
-_ ;xljQLos/0fsf] efjgfnfO{ sb/ u/L oyf;So ;a} lg0f{ox?df dt}So x'g] u/L cfk;L ljjfbx?
;dfwfg ug{ k|of; ug]{,

246
 -r_ s'g} Ps ;b:on] csf]{ ;b:osf] clxt x'g] u/L cfgf] :jfy{ k"lt{ x'g] s'g} sfd sf/jfxL gug]{],
-5_ cfk"mn] k|jfx ug]{ shf{ :jLs[t u/]kl5 cu'jf ;+:yfnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fO{ oyf;dodf ;f] /sd pknAw
u/fpg],
-h_ ;xljQLos/0f ;DaGwL ;a} sfd sf/jfxL kf/bzL{?kdf u/L shf{ / C0fL;Fu ;DalGwt s'g} klg
;'rgf Ps cfk;df cfbfgk|bfg ug]{,
-em_ ;xljQLos/0f ;d'xsf] a}7sn] u/]sf] lg0f{osf] sfof{Gjog oyflz3| ug]{,
-`_ s'g} klg ;b:on] s'g} kl/of]hgfdf tf]lsPsf] ;LdfeGbf a9L /sd nufgL ug{, PstkmL{ ?kdf shf{
c;'nL ;DaGwL sfd sf/jfxL ug{ / ;f] shf{sf] leGg lsl;dn] juL{s/0f ug{ gkfpg],
-6_ ;xljQLos/0f ;DaGwL ;Demf}tfdf pNn]v eP adf]lhd C0fLnfO{ oyf;do shf{ ;fk6 tyf ;'ljwf
pknAw u/fpg' kg]{ .
!#= yk shf{ ;DaGwL Joj:yf
;xljQLos/0f cGtu{t k|jflxt shf{df s'g} C0fLnfO{ yk shf{ k|bfg ug'{ k/]df b]xfosf cfwf/df ug'{ kg]{5 M
-s_ C0fLsf] cfjZostfsf] ljZn]if0f u/L ;xljQLos/0f ;d'xn] dfq yk shf{ ;fk6 tyf ;'ljwfsf
/sd k|bfg ug]{ ;DaGwdf lg0f{o ug{ ;Sg] . o;/L k|bfg ug{ lg0f{o ePsf] yk shf{ /sd ;a}
;b:ox?n] cfcfkm"n] k'j{ k|jfx u/]sf] /sdsf] cg'kftdf k|bfg ug'{ kg]{ .
-v_ v08 -s_ adf]lhd yk shf{ k|bfg ug]{ lg0f{o eP kZrft\ s'g} ;xefuL ;b:on] cfkm"n] k|jfx ug'{
kg]{] yk /sd k|jfx ug{ c;dy{tf hgfPdf afFsL ;b:ox? Jff afFsL ;b:ox?sf] ;xdltaf6 cGo
s'g} ;b:on] To:tf] afFsL /sd ;d]t k|jfx ug{ ;Sg] jf yk nufgLsf nflu ;xljQLos/0f
;d'xsf]] ;xdltdf C0fLsf] ;d]t ;xdlt lnO{ gofF ;b:onfO{ ;dfj]z ug{ ;lsg] .
-u_ C0fLnfO{ yk shf{ jf ;'ljwfsf] cfjZostf k/]sf] cj:yfdf ;xljQLos/0fdf ;+nUg ;+:yfx?n]
shf{ jf ;'ljwf k|bfg ug{ g;Sg] cj:yf k/]df ;f] sf] lnlvt hfgsf/L C0fLnfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
!$= ;xljQLos/0faf6 x6\g ;Sg] cj:yf
-!_ ;xljQLos/0f ;b:on] kl/of]hgf ;DkGg -Project Completion_ df s'g} afwf gug]{ u/L b]xfosf]
cj:yfdf dfq ;xljQLos/0f ;d'x 5f]8\g ;Sg]5 M
-s_ ;xljQLos/0f ;d'x 5f]8\g OR5's ;b:osf] lx:;f cGo ;b:on] lng d~h'/ u/]df, jf
-v_ laBdfg ;b:ox?sf] ;xdltdf gofF ;b:onfO{ cfgf] lx:;f x:tfGt/0f u/]df .
-@_ ;xljQLos/0f ;d'x 5f]8\g] ;b:osf] lx:;f :jLsf/ ug]{ s'g} klg ;b:on] k'/fgf] ;b:osf] ;Dk"0f{
bfloTj jxg ug'{kg]{5 . ;xljQLos/0f 5f]8\g rfxg] ;b:on] cfgf] lx:;f l8:sfp06 jf lk|ldoddf
;d]t laqmL ug{ ;Sg]5 .
!%= n]vfk/LIfs jf k/fdz{bftf lgol'Qm ug{ ;Sg]
C0fLsf] ljQLo l:ylt ;do;dodf d"Nofg ug{ cfjZos b]lvPdf ;xljQLos/0f ;d'xn] cfgf] tk{maf6
:jtGq n]vfkl/Ifs jf k/fdz{bftf lgo'Qm ug{ ;Sg]5 . o;/L lgo'Qm n]vfkl/Ifs jf k/fdz{bftfsf] vr{
cfkm"n] k|jfx u/]sf] shf{ nufgLsf] cg'kftdf ;xljQLos/0f ;d'xsf k|To]s ;b:on] Joxf]g'{ kg]{5 .
!^= ;xljQLos/0f ;DaGwdf k7fpg' kg]{ ljj/0f
cu'jf ;+:yfn] lgb]{zg kmf=g+= !!=! adf]lhd ;xljQLos/0f ;DaGwL k|To]s cfly{s jif{sf] c;f]h, k';, r}t
/ c;f/ d;fGtsf] ljj/0f qodf; ;dfKt ePsf] ldltn] tL; lbgleq o; a}+ssf] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf
lgodg ljefu / ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf clgjfo{ ?kdf k7fpg' kg]{5 .
!&= vf/]hL / jrfpm
-!_ o; a}+saf6 o;cl3 hf/L ul/Psf b]xfosf lgb]{zgx? vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 M
PsLs[t lgb]{zg, @)&# sf] ;xljQLos/0f shf{ ;+jGwL Joj:yf O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= !!)&# af6 hf/L
ul/Psf] lgb]{zg tyf ;f] kZrft ldlt @)&$ ;fpg ( ut] ;Dd hf/L ePsf o;} ljifo;Fu ;DalGwt
;Dk"0f{ kl/kqx? .

247
 -@_ pka'Fbf -!_ adf]lhd vf/]h ul/Psf lgb]{zg tyf kl/kq adf]lhd eP u/]sf sfd sf/jfxL o;}
lgb]{zg adf]lhd eP u/]sf] dflgg]5 .

g]= /f= a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+= !!=!

======================= lnld6]8 -cu'jf a}+s_
;xljQLos/0f shf{ ljj/0f
@)&======== ;fn ===================== dlxgfsf] -q}dfl;s ljj/0f_
l;= ;d'xsf] gfd C0fLsf] k|bfg u/]sf] shf{ e'StfgL yk shf{ k|bfg c;'nL /sd afFsL /sd s}lkmot
g+= gfd, /sd ldlt ldlt /sd ldlt ;fFjf Aofh ;fFjf Aofh
7]ufgf

;+nUg a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ljj/0f s}lkmot dxndf pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .

248
 g]kfn /fi6 a}+s
s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu

O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= !@)&$

shf{ ;'rgf tyf sfnf];'rL ;DaGwL Joj:yf .

o; a}+saf6 s, v / u ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?sf] shf{ k|jfxdf z'4tf / pko'Qmtf sfod

ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu ;f] ;DaGwL ;'rgf Joj:yf / oyf;dodf shf{ gltg]{ C0fLx?sf] sfnf];"rL tof/ ug]{
sfo{nfO{ lgoldt tyf Jojl:yt u/L Pp6} :yfgaf6 ;'rgf k|fKt x'g] Joj:yf ug{ jf~5gLo ePsfn] g]kfn /fi6
a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf ** sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu ;f]xL P]gsf] bkmf &( / g]kfn /fi6 a}+s shf{ ;'rgf
ljlgodfjnL, @)%( sf] ljlgod & n] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L b]xfosf] lgb]{zg hf/L ul/Psf] 5 .
1. shf{ ;'rgf s]Gb| ;DaGwL Joj:yf
sDkgL P]g, @)^# cGtu{t ;+:yfkgf eO{ ;~rfngdf /x]sf] shf{ ;'rgf s]Gb| ln= nfO{ g} g]kfn /fi6 a}+s
P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf ** / g]kfn /fi6 a}+s shf{ ;'rgf ljlgodfjnL, @)%( sf] ljlgod # adf]lhdsf]
shf{ ;'rgf s]Gb| -o;kl5 s]Gb| elgPsf]_ tf]lsPsf] 5 .
2. s]Gb|df C0fL -u|fxs_ ;DaGwL ljj/0f k7fpg' kg]{
@=! Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] s]Gb|df b]xfo cg';f/sf] shf{ ;DaGwL ljj/0f -s=;"=kmf=g+= ! / @_ dlxgf
e'Stfg ePsf] !% lbgleq k7fpg' kg]{5M
-s_ cfkm"n] :jLs[t u/]sf] bz nfv ?k}ofF jf ;f] eGbf a9Lsf] shf{;'ljwf .
-v_ () lbg eGbf a9Ln] efvf gf3]sf bz nfv ?k}ofF jf ;f] eGbf a9Lsf] shf{;'ljwf .
@=@ pko'{St ljj/0f tTkZrft\ k|To]s cfly{s jif{sf] qodf; ;dfKt ePsf] ldltn] !% lbgleq shf{
r'Qmf geP;Dd s]Gb|df k7fpg' kg]{5 . o;/L s]Gb|df k7fPsf] ljj/0fdf kl5 s'g} kl/jt{g ePdf jf
shf{ r'Qmf ePdf, efvf gf3]sf] shf{ lgoldt ePdf jf efvf ldlt yk jf k'g/tflnsLs/0f ePdf
;f] sf] hfgsf/L ;d]t !% lbgleq clgjfo{ ?kdf s]Gb|nfO{ pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 .
@=# s]Gb|Lo tyf If]qLo sfof{nox?n] ljj/0f k7fpg' kg]{M
s'g} C0fLn] Pp6} Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ljleGg zfvfsfof{nox?af6 lnPsf] jf :jLs[lt ePsf]
shf{;'ljwf bz nfv ?k}ofF eGbf sd ePtf klg To:tf] u|fxsn] pkef]u u/]sf] shf{ ;'ljwfsf] of]u
/sd bz nfv ?k}ofF jf ;f]eGbf a9L x'g] ePdf pQm ;+:yfn] s=;"=kmf=g+= ! / @ cg';f/sf] ljj/0f
x/]s qodf; ;dfKt ePsf] ldltn] kGw| lbgleq shf{ ;'rgf s]Gb|df k7fpg' kg]{5 .
@=$ u|fxssf] ljj/0f lng' kg]{
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf s'g} JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfnfO{ b; nfv ?k}ofF jf ;f]eGbf
a9Lsf] shf{;'ljwfsf] nflu cfj]bg k/]df shf{ ljZn]if0fsf] nflu u|fxsC0fLsf] b]xfo adf]lhdsf]
ljj/0f lng' kg]{5 M
-s_ JolQmut C0fL tyf hdfgt lbg] JolQmsf] xsdf lghsf] gful/stfsf] k|ltlnkL, :yfoL tyf
c:yfoL 7]ufgf, lghsf] tLgk':t] / Psf3/ kl/jf/sf ;b:ox?sf]] ljj/0f .
-v_ k|f]k|fO{6/l;k;fem]bf/L kmd{sf] xsdf v08 -s_ df pNn]v eP cg'?ksf] k|f]k|fO6/
;fem]bf/x?sf] ljj/0f / kmd{sf] tk{maf6 sf/f]af/ ug{ clVtof/k|fKt JolQmsf] gfd, y/, 7]ufgf,
;fem]bf/L ;Demf}tfsf] k|ltlnkL / ;f] ;DaGwL lg0f{o .
-u_ k|fOe]6 sDkgLsf] xsdf ;~rfns / ;f] sDkgLsf !% k|ltzt jf ;f] eGbf a9L ;]o/ :jfldTj
ePsf ;]o/wgLx?sf] v08 -s_ df pNn]v eP cg'?ksf ljj/0f / sDkgLsf] tk{maf6 sf/f]af/
ug]{ clVtof/k|fKt JolQmsf] gfd, y/, 7]ufgf / ;f] ;DaGwL lg0f{o .

249
 -3_ klAns sDkgLsf] xsdf ;~rfnsx? / ;f] sDkgLsf !% k|ltzt jf ;f] eGbf a9L ;]o/
:jfldTj ePsf ;]o/wgLx?sf] v08 -s_ df pNn]v eP cg'?ksf ljj/0f, sDkgLsf] tk{maf6
sf/f]af/ ug]{ clVtof/k|fKt JolQmsf] gfd, y/, 7]ufgf / ;f] ;DaGwL lg0f{o .
-_ lwtf] d"Nofgstf{sf] gfd, y/, 7]ufgf / Ohfhtkq .
3. clgjfo{ ?kdf shf{ ;'rgf lng' kg]{
!_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] bz nfv ?k}ofF jf ;f]eGbf a9Lsf] shf{ k|jfx ug{, k'/fgf] shf{ gjLs/0f ug{,
k'g/;+/rgf jf k'g/tflnsLs/0f ug{' cufj} C0fLu|fxssf] af/]df s]Gb|af6 clgjfo{ ?kdf shf{
;'rgf lng' kg]{5 . o;/L shf{ ;'rgf dfu ePdf s]Gb|n] a9Ldf # -ltg_ sfo{ lbgleqdf To:tf]
;'rgf lbg' kg]{5 .
@_ s'g} u|fxsC0fLnfO{ shf{;'ljwf k|bfg ubf{ s]Gb|af6 pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd shf{ ;'rgf k|fKt u/L
;s]kl5 cGo lgsfoaf6 ;'rgf lng clgjfo{ x'g] 5}g .
#_ o; v08 adf]lhd s]Gb|af6 lnOPsf] shf{ ;'rgf afkt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] s]Gb|n] tf]s]sf] shf{
;'rgf ;]jf z'Ns s]Gb|nfO{ a'emfpg' kg]{5 .
$= sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ug]{ k|lqmof
-!_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] bz nfv ?k}of jf ;f]eGbf a9Lsf] shf{ /sd sfnf];"rL ;DaGwL Joj:yf
cGtu{t sfnf];"rLdf /fVg l;kmfl/; ug'{ kg]{5 . o; Joj:Yff cg';f/ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfaf6
hlt;'s} kl/df0fsf] shf{, ;fk6 tyf ;'ljwf /sd lnO{ gltg]{ C0fLx?nfO{ sfnf];"rLdf /fVg
;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] shf{ ;'rgf s]Gb|nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug{ afwf k'u]sf] dflgg] 5}g .
-@_ o;/L sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ug{ ;DalGwt a}+saf6 l;kmfl/; k|fKt ePkl5 ;f] gfdfjnLnfO{ kfFr
lbgleq sfnf];"rLdf /fVg' kg]{5 / sfnf];"rLaf6 gfd x6fpg] ;DaGwL sf/jfxL ljBdfg gLltut
tyf k|lqmofut Joj:yf adf]lhd g} x'g]5 .
#= o;/L sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ug{ ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfaf6 l;kmfl/; gfdfjnLnfO{ shf{
;'rgf s]Gb|n] gfdgfd];L olsg u/L kfFr lbgleq sfnf];"rLdf /fVg' kg]{5 .
%= C0fLx?sf] juL{s/0f
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfjf6 C0f lnO{ gltg]{ C0fLx?nfO{ b]xfo adf]lhd juL{s/0f ug'{ kg]{]5 M
%=! lgotk'j{s C0f gltg]{ C0fLx? (Willful Defaulters):
s_ e'QmfgLsf] efvf gf3]sf] ! jif{;Dd klg a}+ssf] ;Dks{df gcfPsf, C0f glt/L a]kQf ePsf jf
efu]sf, C0fsf] k'g/;+/rgf / k'g/tflnsLs/0f ;d]tsf] k|lqmof z'? gu/]sf / e'QmfgLsf] k|lta4tf
hfx]/ gu/]sf .
v_ ;+:yfsf] shf{ aSof}tf /fkm;fkm ug{ lwtf] laqmL ug{ ;lsg] cj:yf x'Fbfx'Fb} klg laqmL ug{ gvf]Hg] jf
glbg] cj:Yff l;h{gf ug]{ .
u_ PseGbf a9L Joj;fo ;~rfng u/L cflh{t k|ltkmn tyf cfkm";Fu ePsf] cGo ;DklQ C0f ltg{df
k|of]u gug]{ .
3_ ;+:yfaf6 h'g kl/of]hgfsf] nflu C0f lnPsf] xf] pQm C0f To;df k|of]u gu/L cGo p2]Zodf k|of]u
ug]{ (Diversion of Fund), Joj;foaf6 cflh{t /sd C0f ltg{df gnufO{ cGo sfo{df k|of]u ug]{
(Siphoning off), cGo ;DklQ l;h{Gff ug]{, cNksfnLg shf{af6 bL3{sfnLg pkof]u ug]{ tyf
;Demf}tf ljkl/t sDkgLaf6 ;xfos sDkgL jf cGo kmd{sDkgLdf ;fwg k|jfx ug]{ .
_ cfgf] lgoGq0fdf /x]sf] kl/of]hgf jf Joj;fodf cGo JolQm jf t]>f] kIf h:t}M sfdbf/, sd{rf/L
cflbsf] gfd pkof]u u/L cfgf] ;+nUgtf /x]sf] gb]vfpg] dg;fo /fvL C0f lnPsf .
r_ shf{sf] efvf gf3]kl5 ;+:yfn] dfu]sf] avt cGo yk ;'/If0f jf JolQmut hdfgL glbg] .
5_ lwtf] jf Joj;fosf] ;Gbe{df hfgLa'emL em'7f] ljj/0f k|bfg ug]{ .
h_ C0f;Fu ;DalGwt lwtf] lxgfldgf u/]sf] kfO{Pdf .

250
 em_ C0f k|bfg ug]{ ;+:yfsf sd{rf/L;FunfO{ ldnLdtf] u/L, b'?T;flxt u/L jf cGo u}/sfg'gL n]gb]g
u/L C0f lnPsf / gltg{sf nflu cjfl~5t bjfj lbg] .
`_ kl/of]hgfsf] ljQLo, k|fljlws, Joj:yfksLo tyf dfu, cfk"lt{ jf ahf/kIfsf] unt ljZn]if0f u/L
k'FhLsf] nfut c:jfefljs ?kn] j[l4 (Overcapitalization) ug]{ nufgLstf{ .
%=@ kl/l:yltjzM C0f gltg]{ C0fLx? (Non-willful Defaulters):
s_ C0f ltg]{ dg;fo x'Fbfx'Fb} klg sfa' aflx/sf] kl/l:ylt -G cflbsf sf/0f b]zdf pTkGg c;xh
cfly{s, Jofkfl/s tyf cf}Bf]lus cj:yf jf k|lts'n afx\o cj:yf_ sf sf/0f Joj;fo 3f6fdf uO{
jf ;d:ofu|:t agL C0f ltg{ g;s]sf .
v_ Dofbleq C0f ltg{ g;s]klg cfkm"n] C0f lnPsf] ;+:yfsf] ;Dks{df cfO{ shf{ k'g/;+/rgf jf
k'g/tflnsLs/0fsf] k|lqmof k'/f u/L ;+:yfnfO{ dfGo x'g] tj/af6 e'QmfgLsf] k|lta4tf hfx]/ u/]sf .
^= sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ePsf C0fLnfO{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfaf6 shf{ k|bfg ug{df aGb]h
o; lgb]{zg adf]lhd sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ePsf JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfnfO{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt
;+:yfn] s'g} klg gofF shf{;'ljwf k|bfg ug{, shf{;'ljwf gjLs/0f ug{, yk shf{;'ljwf k|bfg ug{,
ls:tfjGbLdf k|bfg ePsf] shf{sf] afFsL ls:tf k|bfg ug{ jf hdfgt :jLsf/ ug{ ;d]t kfpg] 5}gg\ .
t/,
s_ sfod /x]sf] afFsL shf{nfO{ o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zgsf] kl/lwleq /xL k'g/tflnsLs/0f / k'g/;+/rgf ug{ eg]
afwf k'Ug] 5}g . To:t}, sfnf] ;"rLdf ;dfj]z ePsf C0fLsf] ;d'x;Fu ;DalGwt JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf
;+ul7t ;+:yfx?dWo] lgoldt ?kdf shf{sf] ;fFjf tyf Aofh r'Qmf ug]{ JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t
;+:yfx?sf] xsdf a9Ldf 5 dlxgf;Dd of] aGb]h nfu" x'g] 5}g . To:tf C0fLnfO{ ;DalGwt
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns ;ldltn] C0fLsf] dfu pko'Qm b]v]df csf]{ 5 dlxgfsf] Dofb yk lbg
;Sg]5 . sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ePsf C0fLsf] ;d'x;Fu ;DalGwt JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t
;+:yfx?dWo] tf]lsPsf] efvfdf shf{sf] ;fFjf tyf Aofhsf] e'QmfgL gu/L efvf g3fpg] JolQm, kmd{,
sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfn] To:tf] shf{nfO{ a9Ldf 5 dlxgfleq jf ;~rfns ;ldltn] lbPsf] yk
Dofbleq lgoldt u/fO ;Sg' kg]{5 . cGoyf To:tf] C0fLsf] ;d'x;Fu ;DalGwt JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf
;+ul7t ;+:yfdWo] lgoldt ?kdf shf{sf] ;fFjf tyf Aofh r'Qmf ug]{ JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t
;+:yfnfO{ ;d]t gofF jf yk shf{ k|bfg ug{, gjLs/0f ug{ jf shf{sf] afFsL ls:tf k|bfg ug{ ;d]t
kfOg] 5}g .
v_ qm]l868]lj6 sf8{ cGtu{t x'g] sf/f]af/sf] xsdf ;DalGwt JolQm sfnf];"rLsf] bfo/fdf cfpg' cl3
g} hf/L ePsf] qm]l868]lj6 sf8{sf] nflu To:tf] qm]l868]lj6 sf8{sf] Dofbleq u|fxsn] vr{ u/]sf]
/sd Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:Yffn] e'QmfgL ug{ afwf kg]{ 5}g .
u_ sfnf];"rLdf k/]sf JolQmx?;Fu ;DalGwt kl/jf/sf ;b:ox?nfO{ s'g} Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] shf{
k|bfg ug{ rfx]df ;~rfns ;ldltn] u/]sf] lg0f{o cg';f/ shf{ k|bfg ug{ ;Sg]5 . o;/L k|bfg
ul/Psf] shf{sf] xsdf k|rlnt Joj:yfsf] bf]Aa/ shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 . t/ ;Dk"0f{
shf{x?sf] xsdf ztk|ltzteGbf a9L shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf sfod ug'{ kg]{5}g .
&= lwtf] d"Nofgstf{ ;DaGwL ljz]if Joj:yf
-!_ s'g} Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] lwtf] lnnfdL ubf{ lwtf] d"Nofgstf{n] d"Nofg u/]sf] /sd
k'g/d"Nofg ubf{ b'O{ ltxfO{ eGbf sd ePdf jf unt :yfgk|s[ltsf] lwtf]nfO{ ;xL xf] egL
d"Nofg u/]df To:tf lwtf] d"Nofgstf{nfO{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] l;kmfl/zdf s]Gb|n] sfnf]
;"rLdf ;dfj]z ug{' kg]{5 .
-@_ s'g} Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] lwtf] lnnfd ubf{ ;f] lwtf]sf] d"Nofg /sdsf] b'O{ ltxfO{ eGbf sd /sd
dfq p7\g'df To:tf] d"Nofgstf{sf] sfa' aflx/sf] cj:yf k/L lghsf] bf]if gb]lvPsf] eGg] ;DalGwt
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns ;ldltnfO{ nfu]df To:tf]] d"Nofgstf{nfO{ sfnf];"rLdf g/fVg] lg0f{o
ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-#_ h'g shf{sf] lwtf] d"Nofg ul/Psf] xf] ;f] shf{sf] C0fL sfnf];"rLaf6 x6]df To:tf] lwtf] d"Nofg
ug]{ d"Nofgstf{nfO{ klg ;DalGwt a}s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] sfnf];"rLaf6 x6fpg' kg]{5 .

251
 -$_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] s]Gb|af6 sfnf];"rLdf /x]g/x]sf] ;'rgf lnO{ lwtf] d"Nofgstf{sf] ;"rL
sfod ug'{ kg]{5 .
*= n]vfkl/Ifs ;DaGwL ljz]if Joj:yf
C0fLsf] Joj;fo tyf kl/of]hgfsf] n]vfk/LIf0f ug]{ n]vfkl/Ifsn] jf;nft, gfkmf gf]S;fg lx;fj, gub k|jfx
ljj/0f tyf cGo ljQLo ljj/0fx? k|dfl0ft ug]{ qmddf em'7f ljQLo ljj/0f k|dfl0ft ug]{ n]vfkl/IfsnfO{ sfg'g
adf]lhd sf/jfxL ug{ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] g]kfn rf6{8{ Psfp06]06 ;+:yfnfO{ l;kmfl/z ug'{kg]{5 .
(= /fxbfgL hkmt ug{ l;kmfl/z ug]{
sfnf];"rLdf k/]sf JolQmx?sf] gofF /fxbfgL hf/L gug{ tyf eO{/x]sf] /fxbfgL hkmt ug{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt
;+:yfn] g]kfn /fi6 a}+s dfkm{t g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/z ug{ ;Sg]5 . /fxbfgL hkmt ePsf JolQmx?n]
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?df ;Dks{ /fvL ;+:yfnfO{ dfGo x'g] lsl;dn] cfkm"n] lnPsf] shf{ k'g/;+/rgf jf
k'g/tflnsLs/0f u/]df To:tf JolQmx?sf] hkmt ePsf] /fxbfgL lkmtf{ ug{ k'gM l;kmfl/; ug'{ kg]{5 .
!)= sfnf];"rL ;DaGwL Joj:yf
!)=! sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z x'g] cj:yfx?
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?af6 bz nfv ?k}ofF jf ;f]eGbf a9Lsf] shf{;'ljwf lnPsf C0fLx? jf JolQmnfO{
b]xfosf s'g} Ps jf ;a} cj:yfdf sfnf];"rLdf /fVg' kg]{5M
-s_ shf{sf] ;fFjf jf ;fFjfsf] s'g} ls:tf jf Aofhsf] e'QmfgL ldlt Ps jif{ gf3]df -s'g} C0fLn] pkof]u
ul//x]sf] ljleGg shf{;'ljwfdWo] s'g} Pp6f dfq shf{sf] e'QmfgL ldlt gf3]df klg_,
t/, ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns ;ldltn] cj:yf / cf}lrTo x]/L a9Ldf ltg
dlxgf;Dd yk ;do k|bfg ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-v_ shf{ tyf ;'ljwfsf] b'?kof]u u/]sf] k|dfl0ft ePdf,
o; k|of]hgsf] nflu b'?kof]u eGgfn] k|of]hg v'nfO{ lnPsf] shf{ /sd ;DalGwt k|of]hgdf k|of]u
gu/]sf], kl/of]hgf ;~rfngdf g/x]sf], lg/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0fsf] qmddf ;'kl/j]Ifs,
n]vfkl/Ifsaf6 b'?kof]u ePsf] k|dfl0ft ePsf] cj:yfdf shf{ tyf ;'ljwfsf] b'?kof]u u/]sf] dflgg]
5.
-u_ ;'/If0fdf /fv]sf] ;fdfg;DklQ b'?kof]u u/]sf] k|dfl0ft ePdf,
-3_ C0fL ufoj ePdf,
-_ k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd C0fL 6f6 kN6]df,
-r_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] C0fL lj?4 cbfntdf d'2f bfo/ u/]sf] cj:yfdf,
-5_ C0f c;'nL Gofoflws/0fdf ph'/L lbPsf] cj:yfdf,
!)=@ sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z x'g] cGo cj:yfx?
-s_ gSsnL r]s, 8fK6, ljb]zL d'b|f, qm]l868]lj6 sf8{, laN; cflb sfuhft tyf pks/0f k|of]u u/L
/sd 7uL u/]df . To:t} ;f]xL 7uL ug]{ k|of; u/]sf] ljifodf cbfntaf6 s;'/bf/ 7xl/Pdf,
-v_ s'g} JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yf ljQLo sf/f]af/ ;DaGwL ck/fwdf ;+nUg ePsf] k|dfl0ft
ePdf,
-u_ s'g} JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfn] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf;Fu lnPsf] shf{ ;f] shf{sf] lnvtsf]
efvfleq r'Qmf gu/L a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g @)&# sf] bkmf %& adf]lhd c;'nLsf]
sf/jfxL rnfpFbfsf] cj:yf,
-3_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] shf{ ckn]vg ug'{kbf{sf] cj:yfdf,
t/, Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] O=k|f= lgb]{zg g+= @#)&$ a'Fbf & sf] pka'Fbf -!_ adf]lhd tof/ u/]sf]
sfo{ljlwsf] Joj:yf cGtu{t x'g]u/L ?= %) xhf/ eGbf sdsf] shf{ ckn]vg ubf{ ;DalGwt kIfnfO{
sfnf] ;"rLdf ;dfj]z gu/L shf{ ckn]vg ug{ ;Sg]5g\ .
-_ vftfdf df}Hbft ckof{Kt ePdf,

252
 s'g} JolQm kmd{, sDkgL jf ;ul7t ;+:yfn] cfgf] vftfdf kof{Kt df}Hbft geO{ hlt;'s} /sdsf]
r]s hf/L u/]df a'Fbf g+= !)=! df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg b]xfo jdf]hd x'g]5 M
-!_ Psk6s e'QmfgL geOsg lkmtf{ ePsf] r]ssf] xsdf e'QmfgL kfpg'kg]{ JolQmn] ;fj{hlgs
ljbf afx]s sDtLdf b'O{ lbgsf] ;do lbO{ ;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfdf k'gM r]s k]z ug{
;Sg] 5 .
o; v08sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] vftfdf df}Hbft ckof{Kt /x]sf] sf/0f
s'g} r]ssf] e'QmfgL lbg g;s]df r]ssf] e'QmfgL kfpg'kg]{ kIfnfO{ :ki6 ?kdf vftfdf
df}Hbft ckof{Kt ePsf] pNn]v u/L lnlvt ?kdf ;';'lrt ug'{kg]{5 .
-@_ ;f] Dofb kZrft\ klg /sd e'QmfgL gePsf] v08df /sd e'QmfgL kfpg'kg]{ JolQm, kmd{,
sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfn] r]ssf] /sd e'QmfgL ug'{kg]{ a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfdf lnlvt ?kdf
hfgsf/L lbg ;Sg]5 .
-#_ v08 -@_ adf]lhd lnlvt hfgsf/L k|fKt ePkl5 ;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] r]s hf/L
ug]{ To:tf JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfnfO{ r]ssf] /sd e'QmfgL ug{ ;fj{hlgs ljbf
afx]s ;ft lbgsf] ;'rgf lbg'kg]{5 / ;f] ldltleq klg /sd e'QmfgL x'g g;s]df To:Tff] r]s
lvRg] JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfnfO{ pQm r]s hf/L ug]{ a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn]
clgjfo{ ?kdf sfnf];"rLdf ;'rLs[t ug{ shf{ ;'rgf s]Gb|df n]vL k7fpg' kg]{5 . ;f] cg';f/
gu/]df a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ o;} lgb]{zg adf]lhd sf/afxL x'g]5 .
-$_ s'g} JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfn] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ To:tf] e'QmfgL gx'g]
r]s lbPdf ;d]t o; v08 adf]lhd sfnf];"rLdf /fVg'kg]{5 . ;f] cg';f/ gu/]df a}+s tyf
ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ o;} lgb]{zg adf]lhd sf/afxL x'g]5 .
-%_ o; v08 adf]lhd sfnf];"rLdf /x]sf JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfn] To:tf] ;"rLaf6
km's'jf geP;Dd cfgf] vftfdf /sd hDdf ug]{ afx]s cGo s'g}klg lsl;dsf] a}+ls sf/f]af/
ug{ kfpg] 5}g .
-r_ vftfjfnfn] cfk'mn] hf/L u/]sf] r]ssf] /sd e'QmfgL gx'Fb} vftf aGb u/]sf] sf/0faf6 s'g} r]ssf]
e'QmfgL x'g g;s]sf] hfgsf/L k|fKt x'gf;fy ;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] s'g} dfWodaf6
;DalGwt vftfjfnfnfO{ k|rlnt sfg'gL Joj:yf cg';f/ hfgsf/L u/fpg' kg]{5 . o;/L hfgsf/L
u/fPsf] cj:yfdf ;d]t pQm r]ssf] e'QmfgL x'g] Joj:yf gu/]sf] v08df To:tf] r]s hf/L ug]{
JolQmkmd{sDkgLnfO{ sfnf];"rLdf /fVg l;kmfl/z u/L k7fpg' kg]{5 .
-5_ g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%*, a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)&# tyf cGo gLltut Joj:yf
adf]lhd o; a}+sn] lbPsf] lgb]{zgsf] kfngf gu/L gub hl/jfgfsf] sf/jfxLdf k/]sf a}+s tyf
ljQLo ;+:yfsf ;~rfns, sfo{sf/L k|d'v tyf cGo sd{rf/Laf6 gub hl/jfgf e'QmfgL geP;Dd,
-h_ s'g} sfo{sf/0f k/L r]s x/fPsf], rf]/L ePsf] jf cgflws[t ?kdf k|of]u u/]u/fPsf] h:tf
cf}lrTok"0f{ cfwf/df vftfjfnfn] r]s "Stop Payment" u/]sf] cj:yfdf afx]s cGo cj:yfdf r]s
hf/L ul/;s]kl5 "Stop Payment" u/]sf] ePtf klg To:tf] r]s e'QmfgL gePdf r]s hf/L ug]{
JolQmkmd{sDkgL;+u7Lt ;+:yfnfO{ ;d]t v08 -_ adf]lhdsf] k|lqmof k'/f u/L sfnf];"rLdf
/fVg'kg]{5 .
:ki6Ls/0fM o; v08sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu k|dfl0ft eGgfn] cbfnt jf ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf]
lg/LIf0f 6f]nL jf cfGtl/s jf jfXo n]vfkl/Ifs jf o; a}+saf6 vl6Psf] lg/LIf0f 6f]nLn] k|dfl0ft u/]sf]
;Demg' k5{ .
!)=# sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z x'g] kIfx?
s'g} jf ;a} cj:yf k/L sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z x'g] b]xfo adf]lhdsf C0fLJolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t
;+:yf / ;DalGwt cGo kIfx?nfO{ ;d]t sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
t/ s'g} C0fLJolQm sfnf];"rLdf k/]df To:tf C0fLJolQmsf] Psf3/ kl/jf/sf ;b:ox?nfO{ sfnf];"rLdf
/fVg' kg]{5}g .
-s_ shf{;'ljwf pkof]u ug]{ jf vftfdf kof{Kt df}Hbft geO{ r]s hf/L ug]{ JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf
;+ul7t ;+:yf .

253
-v_ k|f]k|fO6/;Lk kmd{sf k|f]k|fO6/ .
-u_ ;fe]mbf/L kmd{sf ;fe]mbf/x? .
-3_ shf{;'ljwfsf] nflu hdfgt lbg] JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yf .
t/, hdfgtbftfnfO{ sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ug'{k'j{ lghn] hdfgL lbPsf] /sd r'Qmf ug{
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] k}tL; lbgsf] lnlvt ;'rgf lbg' kg]{5 . lnlvt ;'rgfsf] kq ;DalGwt
JolQmsf] 7]ufgfdf gk'u]df ;f] ;'rgf klqsfdf ;fj{hlgs ug'{ kg]{5 .
-_ sDkgL;+ul7t ;+:yfsf ;~rfnsx? .
-r_ k|fOe]6 jf klAns sDkgLsf,
!_ ;~rfnsx/m,
@_ kGw| k|ltzt jf ;f] eGbf a9L ;]o/ :jfldTj ePsf ;]o/wgLx?,
t/, k|fOe]6 jf klAns sDkgLsf] !% k|ltzteGbf sd ;]o/ lng] pQm k|fOe]6 jf klAns
sDkgLsf ;]o/wgLx?sf]] s'g} klg lsl;dsf] ljQLo :jfy{ ePdf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n]
To:tf ;]o/wgLx?nfO{ ;d]t sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ug{ s'g} afwf k'u]sf] dflgg] 5}g .
#_ ;~rfns dgf]gog ug]{ clwsf/ kfPsf] JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL, ;+ul7t ;+:yfx? .
t/, o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] k|jfx u/]sf] shf{ jfkt kbLo x}l;otn] ;f]xL shf{sf]
;'/Iffsf] nflu C0fL ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns ;ldltdf ;~rfnssf] x}l;otdf k|ltlglwTj ug]{
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] k|ltlglw sd{rf/LnfO{ sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ug'{kg]{ 5}g .
-5_ sfnf];"rLdf k/]sf] s'g} JolQm jf ;+:yfsf] cGo s'g} kmd{sDkgL;+ul7t ;+:yfdf JolQmut jf
;+:yfut ?kdf kGw| k|ltzt jf ;f]eGbf a9L ;]o/ :jfldTj ePdf To:tf] kmd{sDkgL ;+ul7t
;+:yfsf] ;~rfns tyf sfo{sf/L k|d'v .
t/, Ps} ;d'x cGtu{tsf JolQm, kmd{, sDkgLsf] xsdf !% k|ltzteGbf sd ;]o/ wf/0f u/]sf]
ePtfklg s'n ;]o/ nufgLdf !% k|ltzt gf3]sf] cj:yfdf To:tf ;d'x cGtu{tsf JolQm, kmd{,
sDkgLnfO{ sfn]f;"rLdf ;'rLs[t ug{ afwf k'u]sf] dflgg] 5}g .
-h_ sfnf];"rLdf k/]sf] s'g} JolQm jf ;+:yfsf] k|ltlglw cGo s'g} u}/ ;/sf/L kmd{sDkgL ;+ul7t
;+:yfdf ;~rfns ePdf To:tf] kmd{sDkgL;+ul7t ;+:yf .
t/, b]xfosf] ;a} cj:yf k'/f ePdf sfnf] ;"rLdf k/]sf] JolQm jf ;+:yfsf] k|ltlglw ;~rfns /x]sf]
u}/ ;/sf/L kmd{sDkgL;+ul7t ;+:yfnfO{ sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5}g M
-!_ sfnf];"rLdf k/]sf] JolQm jf ;+:yfsf] k|ltlglw ;~rfns /x]sf] u}/ ;/sf/L kmd{sDkgL
;+ul7t ;+:yfdf To:tf] ;~rfnssf] ;]o/ !% k|ltzt eGbf sd x'g' kg]{ .
-@_ sfnf];"rLdf k/]sf] JolQm jf ;+:yfsf] k|ltlglw ;~rfns /x]sf] u}/ ;/sf/L kmd{sDkgL
;+ul7t ;+:yfn] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfnfO{ a'emfpg' kg]{ ;fFjf /jf Aofh jfktsf] /sd
tf]lsPsf] ;do jf ;f] eGbf cufj} lgoldt ?kdf r'Qmf ul//x]sf] x'g' kg]{,
-#_ sfnf];"rLdf k/]sf] JolQm jf ;+:yfsf] k|ltlglw ;~rfns /x]sf] JolQmn] ;~rfns kbaf6
/flhgfdf u/]df jf To:tf] JolQm ;~rfns kbaf6 d'Qm ePdf .
-em_ o; a}+sn] hf/L u/]sf] lgb]{zg cg';f/ cfk;L ;DaGw eO{ Ps} ;d'xdf k/]sf JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf
;+ul7t ;+:yf .
-`_ u|fxsnfO{ Uof/]G6L lbg] JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yf .
t/, Uof/]06L / cf+lzs Uof/]G6L (Partial Guarantee) sf] xsdf eg] ;f] Uof/]G6Lsf] /sd r'Qmf u/]df
C0fLsf] cGo jSof}tfsf] nflu of] Joj:yf nfu" x'g] 5}g .
-6_ C0fLsf] d[To' ePdf lghsf] ;DklQ :jLsf/ ug]{ JolQmx?nfO{ ;f] sf] bfloTj axg u/fP/ pQm bfloTj
axg u/]sf JolQmx?nfO{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] dgfl;j dflkmssf] ;do k|bfg ug{ ;Sg]5 . bfloTj
jxg ug{ gdfg]df jf pQm Dofbleqdf klg shf{ r'Qmf jf lgoldt gu/]df To:tf] JolQmx?nfO{ klg
sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 .

254
 -7_ s'g} C0f @ jif{eGbf a9L cjlwn] efvf gf3]sf] cj:yfdf ;d]t C0fLnfO{ sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z
gul/Psf] eP ;f] sf] :kli6s/0f k|To]s cfly{s jif{ ;dfKt ePsf] Ps dlxgfleq o; a}+ssf]
;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefu ;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
!)=$ sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z gx'g] cj:yfx?
C0fLsf] sfa'eGbf aflx/sf] b]xfodf plNnlvt s'g} c;fdfGo kl/l:yltsf] sf/0faf6 pTkGg ;d:ofn] ubf{
;dodf ;fFjf /jf Aofh r'Qmf ug{ g;s]sf] Joxf]/f C0fLn] cg'/f]w u/]df / To:tf] Joxf]/f dgfl;j
b]lvPdf ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns ;ldltn] To:tf u|fxsnfO{ sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z gug]{
lg0f{o ug{ ;Sg]5 M
-s_ af9L, klx/f], e"sDk h:tf k|fs[lts b}jL k|sf]k k/]df .
-v_ sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z x'g' cufj} ?U0f pBf]u k'g?Tyfg ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/zdf k'g/shf{ k|bfg ul/Psf
C0fLnfO{ k'g/shf{sf] ;'ljwf pkof]u ug{ kfpg] cjlw;Dd .
-u_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] u|fxssf] hfoh]yf tyf Joj;fo ;~rfngdf /x]sf] :yfg clwu|x0f u/]df .
t/, To:tf] lg0f{o ubf{ cfwf/x? :ki6 ?kdf v'nfpg' kg]{5 .
!)=% sfnf];"rLaf6 gfd x6\g ;Sg] Joj:yf
b]xfosf cj:yfdf sfnf];"rLdf /x]sf u|fxssf] gfd To:tf] ;"rLaf6 x6fpgsf nflu ;DalGwt
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] tLg lbgleq s]Gb|nfO{ l;kmfl/z u/L k7fpg' kg]{5 . o;/L k|fKt gfdgfd];L s]Gb|n]
# sfo{ lbgleq cBfjlws ul/;Sg' kg]{5 .
!= efvf gf3]sf] shf{sf] ;fFjf Aofh r'Qmf u/]df jf cfgf] vftfdf kof{Kt df}Hbft geO{ r]s hf/L
u/]sf] JolQm sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ePsf]df ;f] JolQmn] pQm r]ssf] /sd r]s hf/L u/]sf] JolQmnfO{
e'Qmfg u/]df,
@= ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns ;ldltn] pko'Qm 7xofO{ shf{sf] efvf yk u/]df jf
o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zgsf] clwgdf /xL shf{ k'g/tflnsLs/0f jf k'g/;+/rgf u/]df,
#= shf{ jf ;'ljwfsf] bfloTjsf] ;Ldf ls6fg u/L PseGbf a9L C0fL ;lDdlnt x'g] C0fsf] xsdf s'g}
C0fLaf6 p;sf] efusf] ;fFjf Aofh r'Qmf u/]sf] egL efvf yk u/]df jf o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zgsf]
clwgdf /xL shf{ k'g/;+/rgf jf k'g/tflnsLs/0f u/]sf] egL ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfaf6
n]vL cfPdf To:tf C0fLsf] gfd sfnf] ;"rLaf6 x6fpg' kg]{5 . t/, ;~rfns jf sfo{sf/L
kbflwsf/L eO{ sfdsfh ug]{ JolQmsf] ;DaGwdf of] Joj:yf nfu" x'g] 5}g .
$= shf{sf] bfloTj cGo JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfn] :jLsf/ ug]{ ;DaGwdf ;DalGwt
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns ;ldltaf6 :jLs[lt ePdf o;/L sfnf];"rLaf6 x6fpFbf bfloTj
:jLsf/ ug]{ JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfnfO{ a9Ldf Ps jif{sf] Dofb lbg] / pQm Dofbleq
shf{;'ljwf r'Qmf jf lgoldt gu/]df pQm gofF JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yf ;d]tnfO{
sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
%= C0fLx?n] lnPsf] C0fdWo] cfgf] bfloTj olsg u/L C0f;'ljwf lnPsf] cj:yfdf pQm /sd
e'QmfgL u/]sf] egL a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?af6 n]vL cfPdf shf{ ;'rgf s]Gb|n] sfnf];"rLaf6
x6fpg' kg]{5 . t/, ;f] Joj:yf ;~rfns tyf sfo{sf/L kbflwsf/Lx?sf] xsdf nfu" x'g] 5}g .
tyflk ;~rfns tyf sfo{sf/L kbflwsf/Lx?sf] xsdf C0f c;'nL GofofwLs/0f tyf cGo ;DalGwt
Goflos lgsfosf] cfb]z cg';f/ cfgf] bfloTj cg'?k x'g cfpg] c+z j/fj/sf] /sd e'QmfgL u/]sf]
egL a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?af6 n]lvcfPdf lghnfO{ shf{ ;'rgf s]Gb|n] sfnf];"rLaf6 x6fpg s'g}
afwf k'ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
^= a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] kl/l:yltjz C0f gltg]{ C0fLx?nfO{ shf{ ;'rgf s]Gb|sf] sfnf];"rLdf
;dfj]z u/]sf] ePtfklg olb s]xL ;do k|bfg u/]df C0fLn] k|of; u/L 5f]6f] cjlwdf C0f r'Qmf
u5{ eGg] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ nfu]df ^ dlxgfsf] nflu sfnf];"rLaf6 x6fpg] Joj:yf ug{
;Sg]5 . t/, ^ dlxgfleq C0f r'Qmf gu/]df clgjfo{ ?kdf sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ug{ s]Gb|nfO{
l;kmfl/; ug{' kg]{5 .

255
!!= ;xljQLos/0f shf{sf] ;DaGwdf
!_ ;xljQLos/0f cGtu{t k|jfx x'g] shf{sf] ;DaGwdf o; lgb]{zgsf] clwgdf /xL cu'jf a}+s tyf
ljQLo ;+:yf (Lead Bank) n] ;xljQLos/0fsf] a}7sdf (Consortium Meeting) shf{nufgL
cg'kftsf] cfwf/df ax'dtsf] lg0fo{af6 ;DalGwt C0fLnfO{ sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ug{x6fpg
s]Gb|nfO{ l;kmfl/z ug'{ kg]{5 . o;/L cu'jf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf (Lead Bank) sf] l;kmfl/z k|fKt
ePkl5 s]Gb|n] ;DalGwt C0fLnfO{ sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ug'{x6fpg' kg]{5 .
@_ olb s'g} cu'jf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf (Lead Bank) n] o; lgb]{zg cg';f/ s]Gb|nfO{ l;kmfl/z gu/L
;xefuL a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] C0fLnfO{ sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z u/]sf] /x]5 eg] s]Gb|n] ;xefuL a}s
tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] l;kmfl/; k|fKt ePkl5 dfq ;DalGwt C0fLnfO{ sfnf];"rLjf6 x6fpg' kg]{5 . o:tf]
cj:yfdf cu'jf a}+sn] cfk"mn] k'/f ug'{ kg]{ bfloTj lgjf{x gu/]sf] 7x/L g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* sf]
bkmf !)) adf]lhd sf/jfxL ul/g] 5 .
#_ s'g} u|fxsn] ;xljQLos/0f shf{ ;'ljwf cGtu{t / Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf;Fu 5'6\6} bf]xf]/f] shf{ tyf
;'ljwfsf] pkof]u u/L sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ePsf] /x]5 eg] ;xljQLos/0f ;d'xsf] a}7sn]
sfnf];"rLjf6 x6fpg] l;kml/; u/]tfklg afFsL v/fj shf{;'ljwfsf] /sd e'QmfgL gu/];Dd
sfnf];"rLdf sfod} /xg] 5 .
!@= sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ug'{k'j{ ;'rgf lbg' kg]{
s'g} klg C0fL jf C0f;Fu ;DalGwt cGo ;a} kIfnfO{ sfnf];"rLdf ;dfa]z ug'{k'j{ ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt
;+:yfn] sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ug'{kg]{ sf/0f;lxt sDtLdf kl}t; lbg cufj} ;'rgf lbO{ ;f] sf] clen]v /fVg'
kg]{5 . pQm ;'rgf k|bfg ubf{ tf]lsPsf] Dofbleq C0fLn] shf{ r'Qmf jf lgoldt gu/]df sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z
ul/g] Joxf]/f pNn]v ePsf] x'g' kg]{5 . o:tf] ;'rgf ;DalGwt JolQm jf lghsf] kl/jf/sf ;b:o jf lghsf]
sf/f]af/;Fu ;DalGwt ;+:yfdf a'emfPdf jf /fli6o :t/sf] klqsfdf k|sflzt u/]df ;'rgf k|fKt ePsf]
dflgg] 5 .
!#= a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] C0f gltg]{ C0fLnfO{ shf{ ;'rgf s]Gb|sf] sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z u/]sf]df C0fLn] shf{
e'QmfgL u/L sfnf];"rLaf6 x6fO;s]kl5 ljutsf] sfnf];"rL ;DaGwL clen]vdf gfd /x]s} sf/0fn] gofF
shf{ k|jfxdf aGb]h nufpg kfO{g] 5}g . shf{ ;'rgf s]Gb|sf] sfnf];"rLaf6 xl6;s]sf] cj:yfdf sfnf];"rL
;DaGwL clen]vdf gfd /x]s} sf/0f gofF shf{ k|jfxdf aGb]h nufpg] Joj:Yff a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf]
shf{ gLltdf /x]sf] eP ;f] Joj:yfnfO{ o;} adf]lhd x'g] u/L ;+zf]wg ug'{kg]{5 +.
!$ C0fL tyf hdfgtstf{nfO{ lnvt u/fpg' kg]{
s'g} klg C0fLnfO{ shf{;'ljwf k|bfg ubf{ o; lgb]{zg adf]lhdsf] cj:yf k/L s]Gb|sf] sfnf];"rLdf gfd
;dfj]z u/]df d]/f] dGh'/L 5 egL ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ;DalGwt C0fL tyf hdfgLstf{nfO{
lnvt u/fpg' kg]{5 .
t/, of] Joj:yfn] To:tf] lnvt lagf klg C0fL tyf hdfgLstf{sf] gfd sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ug{ afwf
k'u]sf] dflgg] 5}g .
!%= s]Gb|n] ;'rgf tyf ljj/0fx? dfu ug{ ;Sg]
g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf **, g]kfn /fi6 a}+s shf{ ;'rgf ljlgodfjnL, @)%( / o;
lgb]{zgsf] p2]Zo sfof{Gjog ug]{ l;nl;nfdf o; lgb]{zgn] tf]s] afx]ssf cGo ;'rgf / ljj/0fx? s]Gb|n]
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf;Fu dfu ug{ ;Sg]5 . o;/L dfu u/]sf] ;'rgf / ljj/0fx? pknAw u/fpg' ;DalGwt
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] st{Jo x'g]5 .
!^= s]Gb|n] lg/LIf0f ug{ ;Sg]
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] s]Gb|df lbg' kg]{ C0fLx?sf] ljj/0f ;dod} pknAw u/fP gu/fPsf], shf{ k|jfx ug'{
cl3 shf{ ;'rgf lnP glnPsf] tyf pknAw u/fPsf ljj/0fx? cBfjlws eP gePsf] ;DaGwdf s]Gb|n]
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] cg'udg tyf lg/LIf0f ug{ ;Sg]5 / ;f]sf] k|ltj]bg o; a}+ssf] a}+s tyf ljQLo
;+:yf lgodg ljefu / ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf k]z ug'{ kg]5 . s]Gb|n] o:tf] lg/LIf0f;'kl/j]If0f
cfgf sd{rf/L v6fO{ :ynut tyf u}/ :ynut ?kdf ug{ ;Sg]5 .

256
!&= sfnf];"rLdf ;dflji6 C0fLx?sf] ljj/0f ;fj{hlgs ug'{ kg]{
o; lgb]{zg adf]lhd k|To]s c;f/ / k'; d;fGt;Dddf sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z eO{ Ps s/f]8 ?k}ofFeGbf
a9L /sd ltg{ afFsL /x]sf JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] gfdfjnL cBfjlws u/L s]Gb|n] /fli6o
b}lgs klqsfdf qmdzM ;fpg / df3d;fGtleq ;j{;fwf/0fsf] hfgsf/Lsf] nflu k|sflzt ug'{ kg]{5 . ;f]]
hfgsf/L o; a}+ssf] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu tyf ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefu, sDkgL
/lhi6f/sf] sfof{no / lwtf]kq jf]8{nfO{ ;d]t pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 . cGo JolQmx?sf] gfdfjnLsf] xsdf
shf{ ;'rgf s]Gb|n] ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ cfjZos k/L dfu u/]df z'Ns lnO{ jf glnO{ To:tf] ;'rgf pknAw
u/fpg' kg]{5 . ;fy}, sfnf];"rLdf ;dflji6 JolQmx?sf] cBfjlws ;'rgf s]Gb|n] clgjfo{ ?kdf cfgf] j]j
;fO6df /fVg' kg]{5 .
!*= cGo Joj:yfx?
!_ uf]kgLotf sfod ug'{ kg]{
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf / s]Gb|aLr cfbfg k|bfg x'g] ;'rgf tyf cGo ljj/0f ;+j]bgzLn ePsf]n]
To:tf ;'rgf tyf ljj/0f cfbfg k|bfg ubf{ jf clen]v /fVbf k"0f{ uf]kgLotf sfod /fVg' kg]{5
@_ JolQmut tyf ;+:yfut hdfgLdf k|jflxt shf{sf] ;DaGwdf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?af6 s'g} klg lsl;dsf] JolQmut tyf ;+:yfut hdfgLdf k|bfg ePsf] shf{
tyf ;'ljwfx? lgwf{l/t ;dodf r'Qmf gu/]df hdfgL lbg] JolQm tyf ;+:yfx?nfO{ ;d]t o;
lgb]{zgsf] clwgdf /xL sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ug{' kg]{5 . To:tf hdfgLstf{x?n] u/]sf] hdfgL
/sdsf] ;Ldf;Ddsf] /sd r'Qmf ePsf] ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfaf6 hfgsf/L k|fKt x'g
cfPdf hdfgLstf{sf] gfd sfnf];"rLaf6 x6fpg' kg]{5 .
#_ ;]o/wgLsf] gfd kl/jt{g eO{ cfPdf
sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ePsf ;]o/wgLx?n] cfgf] ;]o/ cGo JolQmx?nfO{ x:tfGt/0f u/L lghsf]
bfloTj gofF ;]o/wgLn] :jLsf/ u/]sf] cj:yfdf ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns
;ldltnfO{ pQm ljifo :jLsf/ u/L l;kmfl/z eO{ cfPdf klxn]sf ;]o/wgLnfO{ sfnf];"rLaf6 x6fpg'
kg]{5 .
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfaf6 C0f lnPsf s'g} k|fOe]6 lnld6]8 jf ;j{;fwf/0fdf ;]o/ hf/L u/L g;s]sf
klAns lnld6]8 sDkgLsf kGw| k|ltzteGbf a9L ;]o/ lng] ;]o/wgLn] To:tf] sDkgLsf] cfgf]
:jfldTjdf /x]sf] ;]o/ laqmL jf gfd;f/L ug'{k'j{ C0f k|bfg ug]{ ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf]
:jLs[lt lng' kg]{5 . o; k|of]hgsf] nflu ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] :jLs[lt glnO{ To:tf]
C0fL sDkgLsf] ;]o/ laqmL jf gfd;f/L ug{ gkfpg] u/L C0f k|bfg ug]{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn]
clgjfo{ ?kdf sfuh u/fpg' kg]{5 . o;/L :jLs[lt glnO{ C0fL sDkgLsf] ;]o/wgLsf] ;]o/ gfd;f/L
jf laqmL u/]df ;fljssf ;]o/wgLnfO{ sfnf];"rLdf /fVg' kg]{5 .
$_ ;/sf/L tyf cw{;/sf/L lgsfoaf6 dgf]lgt ;~rfnsx?sf] ;DaGwdf
o; lgb]{zgdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtf klg o; a}+s, g]kfn ;/sf/ jf g]kfn ;/sf/sf]
k"0f{ jf clwsf+z :jfldTjdf /x]sf] ;+:yfaf6 dgf]lgt s'g} klg JolQm s'g} klg C0fL ;+:yfsf]
;~rfns eO{ To:tf] ;+:yf sfnf];"rLdf k/]df To;/L dgf]lgt ;~rfnsx? sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z x'g]
5}gg\ .
%_ Psf3/ kl/jf/sf] ;DaGwdf
o; lgb]{zgsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu Psf3/ kl/jf/ eGgfn] ;DalGwt JolQmsf] klt jf kTgL, 5f]/f,
cljjflxtf 5f]/L, wd{k'q, cljjflxtf wd{k'qL, afa', cfdf, ;f}t]gL cfdf / cfkm"n] kfng kf]if0f ug'{ kg]{
bfh' efO / lbbL alxgL ;Demg' kg]{5 .
^_ shf{ ;'rgf OsfO{
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] s]Gb|Lo ?kdf shf{ ;'rgf OsfO{ u7g u/L s]Gb| tyf cGo lgsfodf
k7fpg' kg]{ shf{;'rgf ;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ sfo{x? ;f] OsfO{af6 dfq ug'{u/fpg' kg]{5 . s]Gb|;Fu ul/g]
;Dk"0f{ sfo{sf] nflu OsfO{sf hgzlQmnfO{ tf]Sg' kg]{5 / ;f]sf] hfgsf/L ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt

257
 ;+:yfn] s]Gb|nfO{ pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 . ;fy}, tf]lsPsf] OsfO{n] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf / s]Gb|aLr
x'g] kqfrf/ P+j On]S6f]lgs tYofsf] clen]v cBfjlws u/L /fVg' kg]{5 .
&_ e"nj; sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ePsfx?sf] ;DaGwdf
sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z gx'g' kg]{ s'g} JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yf e"nj; sfnf];"rLdf
;dfj]z ul/Psf] /x]5 eg] o; ;DaGwdf ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns ;ldltaf6
l;kmfl/z eO{ cfPdf clanDa To:tf] JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfnfO{ clen]v g} g/xg]
u/L sfnf];"rLaf6 x6fpg' kg]{5 . o;/L sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z eO{ x6]sf JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf
;+ul7t ;+:yfnfO{ sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ePsf] dflgg] 5}g .
*_ s]Gb|sf] ;b:otf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] shf{ ;'rgfsf] cfbfg k|bfg ug]{ / ;dodf shf{sf] ;fFjfAofh gltg]{
C0fLnfO{ sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ug]{ k|of]hgsf nflu clgjfo{ ?kdf s]Gb|sf] ;b:otf lng' kg]{5 .
(_ 5'6
o; lgb]{zgdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg g]kfn ;/sf/ jf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] k"0f{ jf
clwsf+z :jfldTj ePsf ;/sf/L ;+:yfgx?, o; a}+saf6 lgIf]k / shf{sf] sf/f]af/ ug{
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?, j}b]lzs nufgL cGtu{t cfpg] ;fem]bf/ nufgLstf{, ljb]zL lgof]u,
bft[;+:yf / ljsf; ;fem]bf/x?, lkIfLo jf jx'kIfLo ;DaGw ePsf cGt/f{li6o ;+3 ;+:yfx?nfO{
sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ul/g] 5}g .
!)_ sfnf];"rL ljj/0f cBfjlws ug]{
o; lgb]{zg adf]lhd s]Gb|n] / ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] tof/ ug]{ sfnf];"rL cBfjlws
u/L /fVg' kg]{5 .
!!_ s]Gb|sf] sfnf];"rLdf ;'rLs[t Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf ;]o/wgLx?n] k|fKt ug{ ;Sg] xsk|b ;]o/ tyf
cu|flwsf/ ;]o/, C0fkq / nfef+zsf ;DaGwdf b]xfo adf]lhdsf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 .
-s_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf ;+:yfks ;]o/wgLx?dWo] s]Gb|sf] sfnf];"rLdf
;'rLs[t eO{/x]sf ;+:yfks ;]o/wgLn] cfkm" ;+:yfks /x]sf] a}+sljQLo ;+:yfsf] xsk|b ;]o/
tyf cu|flwsf/ ;]o/ / C0fkq vl/b ug{ kfpg] 5}gg\ . t/, s]Gb|sf] sfnf];"rLaf6 x6]sf]
k|df0f ;lxt ;DalGwt a}+sljQLo ;+:yfsf ;+:yfks ;]o/wgLn] cfkm" ;+:yfks /x]sf]
a}+sljQLo ;+:yfsf] xsk|b ;]o/ tyf cu|flwsf/ ;]o/ / C0fkq bfjL ug{ cfPdf k|rlnt
sfg'g cg';f/ cGo JolQm;+:yfnfO{ a]rljvgafF8kmfF8hkmt ul/;lsPsf] cj:yf /x]g5
eg] ;fljss} ;+:yfks ;]o/wgLn] k|fKt ug{ ;Sg]5g\ .
-v s]Gb|sf] sfnf];"rLdf ;'rLs[t C0fLsf] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;+:yfks nufotsf cGo
;]o/wgLsf x}l;otn] kfpg] nfef+z /sd cGo a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] shf{ aSof}tfsf] k|df0f
;lxt e'StfgL dfu u/]df To:tf JolQm;Fu c;'n ug'{kg]{ /sd lghn] kfpg] nfef+z /f]Ssf u/L
;DalGwt ;+:yfn] pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 . o:tf] Joj:yf cfg} a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] shf{
r'Qmf ug]{ k|of]hgsf nflu ;d]t nfu" x'g]5 .
!@_ sfnf];"rLdf /x]sf ;+:yfks ;]o/wgLn] xsk|b ;]o/df ;xefuL x'g / nfef+z lng gkfpg]M
-s_ sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ;+:yfks ;]o/wgLn] o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo
;+:yfaf6 lgisfzg x'g] s'g} klg lsl;dsf] xsk|b ;]o/df ;xefuL x'g kfpg] 5}g .
-v_ sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ;+:yfks ;]o/wgLn] k|fKt ug]{ s'g} klg lsl;dsf] nfef+z C0f ltg]{
k|of]hg afx]s cGo lsl;dn] e'QmfgL lnglbg kfOg] 5}g .
-u_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] sfnf];"rLdf ;'rLs[t cfgf] ;+:yfsf] ;+:yfks
;]o/wgLx?sf] ljj/0f cBfjlws u/L /fVg' kg]{5 .
!#_ o; a}+snfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg' kg]{

258
 pka'Fbf -(_ df pNn]v ePsf ;+:yf afx]s o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt jf cg'dltkqk|fKt cGo
;+:yfnfO{ sfnf];"rLdf /fVg shf{ ;'rgf s]Gb|nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug{' k'j{ ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt
;+:yfn] o; a}+snfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg' kg]{5 .
!(= b08 hl/jfgf tyf sf/jfxL ;DaGwL Joj:yf
!_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] s]Gb|df e/L k7fpg' kg]{ C0fLx?sf] ljj/0f / sfnf];"rLdf /fVg' kg]{ C0fLx?sf]
gfd tyf ljj/0f ;dodf g} s]Gb|df pknAw gu/fPdf jf To:tf tYo n'sfP/ yk shf{ ;'ljwf k|bfg
u/]sf] kfOPdf jf unt ;'rgf k|jfx u/]df jf sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ePsf] JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf
;+ul7t ;+:yfnfO{ shf{ k|jfx ePdf jf o; a}+ssf] lg/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0f k|ltj]bgdf To:tf] Joxf]/f
pNn]v eO{ cfPdf ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf jf ltgsf ;DalGwt ;~rfns, kbflwsf/L jf
sd{rf/L ;d]tnfO{ o; a}+sn] g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf !)) adf]lhdsf] sf/jfxL ug{
;Sg]5 .
@_ sfnf];"rLdf k/]sfnfO{ C0f ;'ljwf k|bfg u/]df hl/jfgf nufOg]
sfnf];"rLdf k/]sf JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfx?nfO{ s'g} klg a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn]
C0f;'ljwf k|jfx u/]df g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf (( -!_ ad]flhd pQm C0f ;'ljwf
a/fa/sf] /sd ljuf] sfod u/L ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ hl/jfgf ul/g] 5 .
#_ sfnf];"rLdf /fVg l;kmfl/z gu/]df hl/jfgf nufOg]
s'g} a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] g]kfn /fi6 a}+ssf] lgb]{zg cg';f/ s'g} JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf
;+ul7t ;+:yfnfO{ shf{ ;'rgf s]Gb|sf] sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ug{ l;kmfl/z ug'{kg]{df ;f] u/]sf]
gkfO{Pdf To:tf] ;+:yfnfO{ g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf (( sf] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd To:tf]
C0fL;Fu p7fpg afFsL /x]sf] /sd a/fa/sf] ljuf] sfod u/L hl/jfgf nufOg] 5 .
$_ sfnf];"rLdf k/]sf JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfx?nfO{ k|bfg u/]sf] shf{df ztk|ltzt shf{
gf]S;fgL Joj:yf sfod ug'{ kg]{
s_ sfnf];"rLdf /x]sf JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL tyf ;+ul7t ;+:yfaf6 s'g} shf{ c;'nL ug{ afFsL
/x]sf] eP To:tf] shf{sf nflu ztk|ltzt shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf ug'{kg]{ / To;/L Joj:yf
gu/]sf] kfO{Pdf g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf !)) sf] pkbkmf -@_ sf] v08 -u_
adf]lhd ;DalGwt sfo{sf/L k|d'vnfO{ kfFr nfv ?k}ofF;Dd gub hl/jfgf nufOg] 5 .
v_ s'g} C0fL cGo a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf dfkm{t sfnf];"rLdf /fv]sf] ePtf klg To:tf C0fLnfO{
k|bfg ePsf] C0fsf] xsdf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfkm"n] k|bfg u/]sf] shf{ jf ;'ljwfsf]
juL{s/0fsf] cfwf/df shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:Yff sfod ug{ ;lsg] 5 .
@)= Ohfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yfsf ;+:yfks z]o/wgL shf{ ;"rgf s]Gb|sf] sfnf];"rLdf ;"rLs[t /x]sf] cj:yfdf
To:tf] ;+:yfks z]o/wgLsf] ;DklQ lwtf] /fvL cGo JolQm jf ;+:yfnfO{ shf{ k|jfx ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
@!= vf/]hL / jrfpm
-!_ o; a}+saf6 o;cl3 hf/L ul/Psf b]xfosf lgb]{zgx? vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 M
PsLs[t lgb]{zg @)&# sf] shf{ ;'rgf tyf sfnf];"rL ;DaGwL Joj:yf O=k|f lgb]{zg g+= !@)&#
af6 hf/L ul/Psf] lgb]{zg tyf ;f] kZrft ldlt @)&$ ;fpg ( ut] ;Dd hf/L ePsf o;}
ljifo;Fu ;DalGwt ;Dk"0f{ kl/kqx? .
-@_ pka'Fbf -!_ adf]lhd vf/]h ul/Psf lgb]{zg tyf kl/kq adf]lhd eP u/]sf sfd sf/jfxL o;}
lgb]{zg adf]lhd eP u/]sf] dflgg]5 .

259
 s=;"=kmf=g=! -s_

JolQmut shf{sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu

JolQmut tyf ;'/If0f ;DaGwL ljj/0f
@)=== ;fn ===========dlxgf == ut]

k|yd k6s shf{ :jLs[lt ubf{efvf gf3]sf shf{sf] ljj/0f shf{ ;'rgf s]Gb|df of] kmf/d e/L k7fpg' kg]{ .
;fy}, o; kmf/ddf pNn]v ePsf] ljj/0fdf s'g} kl/jt{g ePdf ;f]sf] hfgsf/L o; kmf/ddf e/L lbg' kg]{ . t/,
rn ;DklQsf] d"Nofg /sddf dfq kl/jt{g ePdf k7fpg' gkg{] .
C0f k|bfg ug]{ a}+sljQLo ;+:yfsf] gfd M zfvfpkzfvf M
! C0fLsf] gfd M ;d'xM
!=! gful/stf k|df0fkqdf pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf] 7]ufgf M xfnsf] 7]ufgf M
lhNnf M g=kf=uf=lj=;= M lhNnf M g=kf=uf=lj=;= M
j8f g+= M 6f]n M 3/ g+= M j8f g+= M 6f]n M 3/ g+= M
!=@ gful/stf g+= M hf/L u/]sf] ldlt M hf/L u/]sf] lhNnf M
!=# dtbftf k|df0fkq g+= M hf/L u/]sf] ldlt M hf/L u/]sf] lhNnf M
!=$ ;jf/L rfns cg'dlt kq g+= M hf/L u/]sf] lhNnf M
!=% /fxbfgL g+= M k|bfg u/]sf] d'n's M
!=^ :yfoL n]vf g+= M hf/L u/]sf] ldlt M ;+:yf sf]8 M
!=& kmf]g g+= M df]afO{n g+= M O{d]n 7]ufgf M
!=* tLgk':t] ljj/0f M
afa' afh] >Ldfg\>LdtL cfdf ;;'/f

@= C0fLsf] Psf3/ kl/jf/sf] ljj/0f M -o; k|of]hgsf] nflu Psf3/ kl/jf/ eGgfn] C0fLsf] klt jf kTgL, 5f]/f, a'xf/L,
cljjflxtf 5f]/L, wd{k'q, cljjflxtf wd{k'qL, afa', cfdf, ;f}t]gL cfdf / cfkm"n]
kfng kf]if0f ug'{ kg]{ bfh', efO, lbbL / alxgLnfO{ a'emfp+5 ._
Psf3/ kl/jf/sf ;b:ox?sf] gfd gftf

#= clwsf/ k|fKt JolQmsf]

gfd / 7]ufgf gful/stf g+= afa'sf] gfd afh]sf] gfd

$= sG;g{ ;DaGwL ljj/0f M -C0fLsf] cGo s'g} kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfdf !% k|ltzt jf ;f]eGbf a9L ;]o/
:jfldTj ePdf jf ;~rfns ePdf pNn]v ug{' kg{]_
;+nUg kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] gfd 7]ufgf ;]o/xf]N8/;~rfns ;]o/ nufgL k|ltzt

-/sd ?=df _
%= C0fLn] pkof]u u/]sf] shf{sf] nflu hdfgt lbg] JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] ljj/0f M

%=! hdfgt lbg] JolQm ePdf ;f]sf] ljj/0f M

gfd 7]ufgf gful/stf g+= gful/stf gful/stf hf/L ePsf] hdfgt hdfgt lbPsf]
/ /fxbfgL hf/L ePsf] lhNnf / /fxbfgL hf/L lbPsf] shf{ zLif{s
g+= ldlt ePsf] d'n's /sd

260
%=! -s_ hdfgt lbg] JolQmsf] tLgk':t]] ljj/0f M
gfd afa' afh] >Ldfg\>LdtL cfdf ;;'/f

%=@ hdfgt lbg] kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yf ePdf ;f]sf] ljj/0f M
gfd 7]ufgf /lhi6]zg g+= hf/L ePsf] hf/L u/]sf] hdfgt hdfgt lbPsf]
kfg g+= ldlt lgsfo lbPsf] /sd shf{ zLif{s

%=@ -s_ hdfgt lbg] kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfdf ;+nUg ;]o/wgL tyf ;~rfnsx?sf] ljj/0f M
;]o/wgL /jf ;~rfnssf] gfd 7]ufgf ;]o/wgL ;~rfns ;]o/ nufgL k|ltzt

%=@ -v_ hdfgt lbg] kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] ;]o/wgL / ;~rfnsx?sf] tLgk':t] ljj/0f M
;]o/wgL /jf gful/stf g+= afa' afh] >Ldfg\>LdtL cfdf ;;'/f
;~rfnssf] gfd

^= ;'/If0fdf /x]sf] hldg, 3/, kl/of]hgf cflb h:tf crn ;DklQsf] ljj/0f M
lwtf]sf] k|sf/ lwtf]] /x]sf] :yfg lwtf]wgLsf] d"Nof+lst d"Nofsg d"Nofg lwtf] /flvPsf]
-j8f g+= ;lxt_ gfd /sd ldlt stf{sf] gfd shf{ zLif{s

&= ;'/If0fdf /x]sf] artkq, C0fkq, d'2lt /l;b, k|f]ld;/L gf]6, ;]o/, ;fdfg lwtf] -xfOkf]lys]zg ;d]t_, cflb h:tf rn
;DklQsf] ljj/0f M
lwtf]sf] lwtf]] /x]sf] lwtf]wgLsf] gfd d"Nof+lst /sd d"Nofsg d"Nofgstf{ lwtf] /flvPsf]]
k|sf/ :yfg ldlt sf] gfd shf{ zLif{s
-j8f g+= ;lxt_

*= C0fL;Fu ;DalGwt s}lkmot M

================== ==================== ====================

tof/ ug]{ r]s ug]{ Joj:yfksk|d'v

-pko{'Qm sf]7fx? ljj/0fsf] nflu ckof{Kt ePdf csf]{ kmf/fd k|of]u ug{ ;lsg]5 ._

261
 s=;"=kmf =g+=! -v_
;+o'Qm shf{sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu
JolQmut tyf ;'/If0f ;DaGwL ljj/0f
@)=========;fn ======== dlxgf =====ut]

k|yd k6s shf{ :jLs[lt ubf{{efvf gf3]sf shf{sf] ljj/0f shf{ ;'rgf s]Gb|df of] kmf/d e/L k7fpg' kg]{ . ;fy},
o; kmf/ddf pNn]v ePsf] ljj/0fdf s'g} kl/jt{g ePdf ;f]sf] hfgsf/L of] kmf/fd e/L lbg' kg]{ . t/, rn ;DklQsf]
d"Nofg /sddf dfq kl/jt{g ePdf k7fpg' gkg{] .
C0f k|bfg ug]{ a}+sljQLo ;+:yfsf] gfd M zfvfpkzfvf M
! ;+o'Qm C0fLx?sf] gfd M
!=! klxnf] C0fLsf]] gfd M
!=!=! gful/stf k|df0fkqdf pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf] 7]ufgf M xfnsf] 7]ufgf M
lhNnf M g=kf=uf=lj=;=M lhNnf M g=kf=uf=lj=;=M
j8f g+= M 6f]n M 3/ g+= M j8f g+= M 6f]n M 3/ g+= M
!=!=@ gful/stf g+= M hf/L u/]sf] ldlt M hf/L u/]sf] lhNnf M
!=!=# dtbftf k|df0fkq g+= M hf/L u/]sf] ldlt M hf/L u/]sf] lhNnf M
!=!=$ ;jf/L rfns cg'dlt kq g+= M hf/L u/]sf] lhNnf M
!=!=% /fxbfgL g= M k|bfg u/]sf] d'n's M
!=!=^ :yfoL n]vf g+= M hf/L u/]sf] ldlt M ;+:yf sf]8 M
!=!=& kmf]g g M df]afO{n g+= M O{d]n 7]ufgf M
!=!=* klxnf] C0fLsf]] tLgk':t] ljj/0f M
afa' afh] >Ldfg\>LdtL cfdf ;;'/f

!=@ bf];|f] C0fLsf]] gfd M

!=@=! gful/stf k|df0fkqdf pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf] 7]ufgf M xfnsf] 7]ufgf M
lhNnf M g=kf=uf=la=;= M lhNnf M g=kf=uf=la=;=M
j8f g+= M 6f]n M 3/ g+=M j8f g+=M 6f]n M 3/ g+=M
!=@=@ gful/stf g+= M hf/L u/]sf] ldlt M hf/L u/]sf] lhNnf M
!=@=# dtbftf k|df0fkq g+= M hf/L u/]sf] ldlt M hf/L u/]sf] lhNnf M
!=@=$ ;jf/L rfns cg'dlt kq g+= M hf/L u/]sf] lhNnf M
!=@=% /fxbfgL g+= M k|bfg u/]sf] d'n's M
!=@=^ :yfoL n]vf g+= M hf/L u/]sf] ldlt M ;+:yf sf]8 M
!=@=& kmf]g g+= M df]afO{n g+=M O{d]n 7]ufgf M
!=@=* bf];|f] C0fLsf] tLgk':t] ljj/0f M
afa' afh] >Ldfg\>LdtL cfdf ;;'/f

@= C0fLx?sf] Psf3/ kl/jf/sf] ljj/0f M -o; k|of]hgsf] nflu Psf3/ kl/jf/ eGgfn] C0fLsf] klt jf kTgL, 5f]/f,
a'xf/L, cljjflxtf 5f]/L, wd{k'q, cljjflxtf wd{kq' L, afa', cfdf, ;f}t]gL cfdf / cfkm"n] kfng kf]if0f ug'{ kg]{ bfh', efO,
lbbL / alxgLnfO{ a'emfp+5 ._
C0fLx?sf] gfd Psf3/ kl/jf/sf ;b:ox?sf] gfd gftf

#= clwsf/ k|fKt JolQmsf]

gfd / 7]ufgf gful/stf g+= afa'sf] gfd afh]sf] gfd

262
$= sG;g{ ;DaGwL ljj/0f M -C0fLx?sf] JolQmut ?kdf cGo s'g} kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfdf !% k|ltzt jf
;f]eGbf a9L ;]o/ :jfldTj ePdf jf ;~rfns ePdf pNn]v ug{'kg{] _
C0fLsf]] gfd ;+nUg kmd{, sDkgL jf 7]ufgf ;]o/xf]N8/;~rfn ;]o/ nufgL k|ltzt
;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] gfd s

-/sd ?=df_
%= C0fLn] pkof]u u/]sf] shf{sf] nflu hdfgt lbg] JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] ljj/0f M

%=! hdfgt lbg] JolQmM ePdf ;f]sf] ljj/0f M

gfd 7]ufgf gful/stf g+= gful/stf hf/L gful/stf hf/L ePsf] hdfgt hdfgt
/fxbfgL g+= ePsf] ldlt lhNnf /fxbfgL hf/L lbPsf] lbPsf] shf{
ePsf] d'n's /sd zLif{s

%=! -s_ hdfgt lbg] JolQmsf] ltgk':t]] ljj/0f M

gfd afa' afh] >Ldfg\>LdtL cfdf ;;'/f

%=@ hdfgt lbg] kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yf ePdf ;f]sf] ljj/0f M
gfd 7]ufgf /lhi6]zg g+= hf/L ePsf] hf/L u/]sf] hdfgt hdfgt lbPsf] shf{
kfg g+= ldlt lgsfo lbPsf] /sd zLif{s

%=@ -s_ hdfgt lbg] kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfdf ;+nUg ;]o/wgL tyf ;~rfnsx?sf] ljj/0f M
;]o/wgL /jf ;~rfnssf] gfd 7]ufgf ;]o/wgL;~rfns ;]o/ nufgL k|ltzt

%=@ -v_ hdfgt lbg] AolQm tyf kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] ;]o/wgL / ;~rfnsx?sf] tLgk':t] ljj/0f M
;]o/wgL /jf ;~rfnssf] gfd gful/stf g= afa' afh] >Ldfg\>LdtL cfdf ;;'/f

^= ;'/If0fdf /x]sf] hldg, 3/, kl/of]hgf cflb h:tf crn ;DklQsf] ljj/0f M
lwtf]sf] lwtf]] /x]sf] :yfg lwtf]wgLsf] d"Nof+lst d"Nofg d"Nofgstf{ lwtf] /flvPsf]
k|sf/ -j8f g+= ;lxt_ gfd /sd ldlt sf] gfd shf{ zLif{s

&= ;'/If0fdf /x]sf] artkq, C0fkq, d'2lt /l;b, k|f]ld;/L gf]6, ;]o/, ;fdfg lwtf] -xfOkf]lys]zg ;d]t_, cflb h:tf
rn ;DklQsf] ljj/0f M
lwtf]sf] lwtf]] /x]sf] :yfg lwtf]wgLsf] d"Nof+lst d"Nofg d"Nofgstf{sf] lwtf] /flvPsf]
k|sf/ -j8f g+= ;lxt_ gfd /sd ldlt gfd shf{ zLif{s

*= C0fL;Fu ;DalGwt s}lkmot M

=================== =================== =======================
tof/ ug]{ r]s ug]{ Joa:yfksk|d'v
-pko{'Qm sf]7fx? ljj/0fsf] nflu ckof{Kt ePdf csf]{ kmf/fd k|of]u ug{ ;lsg]5 ._

263
 s=;"=kmf =g+=! -u_
kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] shf{sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu
JolQmut tyf ;'/If0f ;DaGwL ljj/0f
@)==== ;fn ======= dlxgf ====ut]

k|yd k6s shf{ :jLs[lt ubf{efvf gf3]sf shf{sf] ljj/0f shf{ ;'rgf s]Gb|df of] kmf/d e/L k7fpg' kg]{ . ;fy},
o; kmf/ddf pNn]v ePsf] ljj/0fdf s'g} kl/jt{g ePdf ;f]sf] hfgsf/L of] kmf/fd e/L lbg' kg]{ . t/, rn ;DklQsf]
d"Nofg /sddf dfq kl/jt{g ePdf k7fpg' gkg{] .
C0f k|bfg ug]{ a}+sljQLo ;+:yfsf] gfd M zfvfpkzfvf M
! C[0fL kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] gfd M ;d'x M
!=! /lhi6/ k|df0fkq adf]lhdsf] 7]ufgf M sfof{nosf] 7]ufgf M
lhNnf M g=kf=uf=lj=;=M lhNnf M g=kf=uf=lj=;=M
j8f g+=M 6f]n M 3/ g=M j8f g+=M 6f]n M 3/ g+=M
!=@ /lhi6]zg g+=M btf{ u/]sf] ldlt M btf{ u/]sf] lgsfo M
!=# kmf]g g+=M km\ofS; g+=M O{d]n M
!=$ kfg g+=M btf{ u/]sf] ldlt M btf{ u/]sf] lhNnf M

@=-s_ k|f]k|fO6/, ;fem]bf/, ;]o/xf]N8/ /jf ;~rfnsx?sf] ljj/0f M -k|fO{e]6 k|f]k|fO6/, ;fem]bf/ / ;~rfnsdWo]
ln= s+= / klAns ln= s+= ePdf !% k|ltzt jf ;f]eGbf a9L ;]o/ wf/0f ug]{ h'g xf] ;f] df -_ lrGx nufpg]
;]o/wgLx?sf] dfq gfd pNn]v ug]{ ._
s}lkmot
k|f]k|fO6/ ;fem]bf/ ;~rfns

@=-v_ k|f]k|fO6/, ;fem]bf/, ;]o/xf]N8/ /jf ;~rfnsx?sf] tLgk':t] ljj/0f M

gfd gful/stf g+= / afa' afh] >Ldfg\>LdtL cfdf ;;'/f
hf/L ldlt

#= clwsf/ k|fKt JolQmsf]

gfd / 7]ufgf gful/stf g+= afa'sf] gfd afh]sf] gfd

$= sG;g{ ;DaGwL ljj/0f M -C[0fL kmd{ / ;f]sf k|f]k|fO6/, ;fem]bf/, ;]o/xf]N8/ /jf ;~rfnsx?sf] JolQmut, ;+o'Qm
jf ;+:yfut ?kdf cGo s'g} kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfdf !% k|ltzt jf ;f]eGbf a9L ;]o/ :jfldTj ePdf jf
;~rfns ePdf pNn]v ug{' kg{]_
;+nUg AolQmsf] gfd ;+nUg kmd{, sDkgL jf 7]ufgf ;]o/xf]N8/;rfns ;]o/ nufgL
;ul7t ;+:yfsf] gfd k|ltzt

-/sd ?=df_
%= C0fLn] pkof]u u/]sf] shf{sf] nflu hdfgt lbg] JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] ljj/0f M

%=! hdfgt lbg] JolQm ePdf ;f]sf] ljj/0f M

gfd 7]ufgf gful/stf gful/stf gful/stf hf/L ePsf] hdfgt hdfgt lbPsf]
g+=/fxbfgL hf/L ePsf] lhNnf/fxbfgL hf/L lbPsf] shf{ zLif{s

264
 g+= ldlt ePsf] d'n's /sd

%=! -s_ hdfgt lbg] JolQmsf] tLgk':t]] ljj/0f M

gfd afa' afh] >Ldfg\>LdtL cfdf ;;'/f

%=@ hdfgt lbg] kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yf ePdf ;f]sf] ljj/0f M
gfd 7]ufgf /lhi6]zg g+= hf/L ePsf] hf/L u/]sf] hdfgt lbPsf] hdfgt lbPsf]
kfg g+= ldlt lgsfo /sd shf{ zLif{s

%=@ -s_ hdfgt lbg] kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfdf ;+nUg ;]o/wgL tyf ;~rfnsx?sf] ljj/0f M
;]o/wgL /jf ;~rfnssf] gfd 7]ufgf ;]o/wgL;~rfns ;]o/ nufgL k|ltzt

%=@ -v_ hdfgt lbg] kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] ;]o/wgL / ;~rfnsx?sf] tLgk':t] ljj/0f M
;]o/wgL /jf gful/stf g+= afa' afh] >Ldfg\>LdtL cfdf ;;'/f
;~rfnssf] gfd

^= ;'/If0fdf /x]sf] hldg, 3/, kl/of]hgf cflb h:tf crn ;DklQsf] ljj/0f M
lwtf]sf] k|sf/ lwtf]] /x]sf] :yfg lwtf]wgLsf] gfd d"Nof+lst d"Nofg d"Nofsgstf{sf] lwtf] /flvPsf]
-j8f g+= ;lxt_ /sd ldlt gfd shf{ zLif{s

&= ;'/If0fdf /x]sf] artkq, C0fkq, d'2lt /l;b, k|f]ld;/L gf]6, ;]o/, ;fdfg lwtf] -xfOkf]lys]zg ;d]t_, cflb h:tf
rn ;DklQsf] ljj/0f M
lwtf]sf] lwtf]] /x]sf] :yfg lwtf]wgLsf] d"Nof+lst d"Nofg d"Nofgstf{sf] lwtf] /flvPsf]
k|sf/ -j8f g+= ;lxt_ gfd /sd ldlt gfd shf{ zLif{s

*= C0fL;Fu ;DalGwt s}lkmot M

=================== =================== ===================
tof/ ug]{ r]s ug]{ Joa:yfksk|d'v
-pko{'Qm sf]7fx? ljj/0fsf] nflu ckof{Kt ePdf csf]{ kmf/fd k|of]u ug{ ;lsg]5 ._

265
 s=;"=kmf =g+=! -3_
kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] shf{sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu
;+:yfut tyf ;'/If0f ;DaGwL ljj/0f
@)==== ;fn ======= dlxgf ====ut]
k|yd k6s shf{ :jLs[lt ubf{efvf gf3]sf shf{sf] ljj/0f shf{ ;'rgf s]Gb|df o; kmf/d e/L k7fpg' kg]{ .
;fy}, o; kmf/ddf pNn]v ePsf] ljj/0fdf s'g} kl/jt{g ePdf ;f]sf] hfgsf/L o; kmf/fd e/L lbg' kg]{ . t/, rn
;DklQsf] d"Nofg /sddf dfq kl/jt{g ePdf k7fpg' gkg{] .
C0f k|bfg ug]{ a}+sljQLo ;+:yfsf] gfd M zfvfpkzfvf M
! ;+o'Qm C[0fL kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] gfd M
!=! klxnf] C0fLsf] gfd M
!=!=! /lhi68{ k|df0fkq adf]lhdsf] 7]ufgf M sfof{nosf] 7]ufgf M
lhNnf M g=kf=uf=lj=;=M lhNnf M g=kf=uf=lj=;=M
j8f g+=M 6f]n M 3/ g=M j8f g+=M 6f]n M 3/ g+=M
!=!=@ /lhi6]zg g+=M btf{ u/]sf] ldlt M btf{ u/]sf] lgsfo M
!=!=# kmf]g g+=M km\ofS; g+=M O{d]n M
!=!=$ kfg g+=M btf{ u/]sf] ldlt M btf{ u/]sf] lhNnf M

!=@ bf]>f]] C0fLsf] gfd M

!=@=! /lhi68{ k|df0fkq adf]lhdsf] 7]ufgf M sfof{nosf] 7]ufgf M
lhNnf M g=kf=uf=la=;=M lhNnf M g=kf=uf=la=;=M
j8f g+=M 6f]n M 3/ g=M j8f g+=M 6f]n M 3/ g+=M
!=@=@ /lhi6]zg g+=M btf{ u/]sf] ldlt M btf{ u/]sf] lgsfo M
!=@=# kmf]g g+=M km\ofS; g+=M O{d]n M
!=@=$ kfg g+=M btf{ u/]sf] ldlt M btf{ u/]sf] lhNnf M

@=-s_ klxnf] C0fLsf k|f]k|fO6/, ;fem]bf/, ;]o/xf]N8/ /jf ;~rfnsx?sf] k|f]k|fO6/, ;fem]bf/ / ;~rfnsdWo] h'g
ljj/0f M -k|fO{e]6 ln= s+= / klAns ln= s+= ePdf !% k|ltzt jf ;f]eGbf xf] ;f]df -_ lrGx nufpg]
a9L ;]o/ wf/0f ug]{ ;]o/wgLx?sf] dfq gfd pNn]v ug]{ ._
gfd 7]ufgf ;]o/ nufgL k|ltzt s}lkmot
-gful/stf k|df0fkq adf]lhd_ k|f]k|fO{6/ ;fem]bf/ ;~rfns

@=-v_ klxnf] C0fLsf k|f]k|fO6/, ;fem]bf/, ;]o/xf]N8/ /jf ;~rfnsx?sf] tLgk':t] ljj/0f M
gfd gful/stf g+= hf/L ldlt hf/L lhNnf afa' afh] >Ldfg\>LdtL cfdf ;;'/f

@=! -s_ bf];|f] C0fLsf k|f]k|fO6/, ;fem]bf/, ;]o/xf]N8/ /jf ;~rfnsx?sf] k|f]k|fO6/, ;fem]bf/ / ;~rfnsdWo] h'g
ljj/0f M -k|fO{e]6 ln= s+= / klAns ln= s+= ePdf !% k|ltzt jf ;f]eGbf xf] ;f]df -_ lrGx nufpg]
a9L ;]o/ wf/0f ug]{ ;]o/wgLx?sf] dfq gfd pNn]v ug]{ ._
gfd 7]ufgf ;]o/ nufgL k|ltzt s}lkmot
-gful/stf k|df0fkq adf]lhd_ k|f]k|fO6/ ;fem]bf/ ;~rfns

@=! -v_ bf];|f] C0fLsf k|f]k|fO6/, ;fem]bf/, ;]o/xf]N8/ /jf ;~rfnsx?sf] tLgk':t] ljj/0f M
gfd gful/stf hf/L hf/L afa' afh] >Ldfg\>LdtL cfdf ;;'/f
g+= ldlt lhNnf

266
#= clwsf/ k|fKt JolQmsf]
gfd / 7]ufgf gful/stf g+= afa'sf] gfd afh]sf] gfd

$= sG;g{ ;DaGwL ljj/0f M -C0fL kmd{ / ;f]sf k|f]k|fO6/, ;fem]bf/, ;]o/xf]N8/ / jf ;~rfnsx?sf] JolQmut, ;+o'Qm
jf ;+:yfut ?kdf cGo s'g} kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfdf !% k|ltzt jf ;f]eGbf a9L ;]o/ :jfldTj ePdf jf
;~rfns ePdf pNn]v ug{' kg{]_
;+nUg AolQmsf] gfd ;+nUg kmd{, sDkgL jf 7]ufgf ;]o/wgL ;]o/ nufgL
;ul7t ;+:yfsf] gfd ;rfns k|ltzt

%= C0fLn] pkof]u u/]sf] shf{sf] nflu hdfgt lbg] JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf]] ljj/0f M
%=! hdfgt lbg] JolQm ePdf ;f]sf] ljj/0f M
gfd 7]ufgf gful/stf gful/stf gful/stf hf/L ePsf] hdfgt lbPsf] hdfgt
g+= /fxbfgL hf/L ePsf] lhNnf/fxbfgL hf/L /sd lbPsf] shf{
g+= ldlt ePsf] d'n's zLif{s

%=! -s_ hdfgt lbg] JolQmsf] ltgk':t]] ljj/0f M

gfd afa' afh] >Ldfg\>LdtL cfdf ;;'/f

%=@ hdfgt lbg] kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yf ePdf ;f]sf] ljj/0f M
gfd 7]ufgf /lhi6]zg g+= hf/L ePsf] hf/L u/]sf] hdfgt hdfgt lbPsf]
kfg g+= ldlt lgsfo lbPsf] /sd shf{ zLif{s

%=@ -s_ hdfgt lbg] kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfdf ;+nUg ;]o/wgL tyf ;~rfnsx?sf] ljj/0f M
;]o/wgL /jf ;~rfnssf] gfd 7]ufgf ;]o/wgL;~rfns ;]o/ nufgL k|ltzt

%=@ -v_ hdfgt lbg] kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] ;]o/wgL / ;~rfnsx?sf] tLgk':t] ljj/0f M
;]o/wgL /jf ;~rfnssf] gfd gful/stf g+= afa' afh] >Ldfg\>LdtL cfdf ;;'/f

^= ;'/If0fdf /x]sf] hldg, 3/, kl/of]hgf cflb h:tf crn ;DklQsf] ljj/0f M
lwtf]sf] k|sf/ lwtf]] /x]sf] :yfg lwtf]wgLsf] d"Nof+lst d"Nofg d"Nofsgstf{sf] lwtf] /flvPsf]
-j8f g+= ;lxt_ gfd /sd ldlt gfd shf{ zLif{s

&= ;'/If0fdf /x]sf] artkq, C0fkq, d'2lt /l;b, k|f]ld;/L gf]6, ;]o/, ;fdfg lwtf] -xfOkf]lys]zg ;d]t_, cflb h:tf
rn ;DklQsf] ljj/0f M
lwtf]sf] lwtf]] /x]sf] :yfg lwtf]wgLsf] d"Nof+lst d"Nofg d"Nofgstf{sf] lwtf] /flvPsf]
k|sf/ -j8f g+= ;lxt_ gfd /sd ldlt gfd shf{ zLif{s

*= C0fL;Fu ;DalGwt s}lkmot M

=================== =================== ===================
tof/ ug]{ r]s ug]{ Joj:yfksk|d'v
-pko{'Qm sf]7fx? ljj/0fsf] nflu ckof{Kt ePdf csf]{ kmf/fd k|of]u ug{ ;lsg]5 ._

267
 s=;"=kmf=g+= @

JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] C0f aSof}tf ;DaGwL

@)====== sf] klxnf]bf];|f]t];|f]rf}yf] q}dfl;s ljj/0f

-/sd ?=df_
C0f k|bfg ug]{ a}+sljQLo ;+:yfsf] gfd M zfvfpkzfvf M
C0fLsf] gfd M
e'QmfgL x'g' kg]{ e'QmfgL hDdf
shf{ :jLs[t shf{ nufgL efvf gf3]sf] ls:tfshf{
shf{sf] shf{ vftfsf] ls:tfshf{ lanDj p7fpg shf{sf]
ls:tfshf{ r'Qmf u/]sf]
lsl;d g+= :jfldTj ePsf] afFls /sd ldlt ;'/If0f
/sd ldlt /sd ldlt /sd ldlt lbg /sd

================= ============== =============================

tof/ ug]{ r]s ug]{ Joj:yfksk|d'v

268
 g]kfn /fi6 a}+s
s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu
O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= !#)&$

clgjfo{ df}Hbfta}wflgs t/ntf ;DaGwL Joj:yf .

o; a}+saf6 s, v / u ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfgf] lgIf]k tyf ;fk6L bfloTjsf] cfwf/df
sfod ug'{ kg]{ clgjfo{ df}Hbft tyf t/n ;DklQ Joj:yf ;DaGwdf g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf &( n]
lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L b]xfosf] lgb]{zg hf/L ul/Psf] 5 .
!= clgjfo{ df}Hbft ;DaGwL Joj:yf
-!_ o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt s ju{sf ;+:yfn] s'n lgIf]k bfloTjsf] ^=) k|ltzt, v ju{sf
ljsf; a}+sn] %=) k|ltzt / u ju{sf ljQ sDkgLn] $=) k|ltzt clgjfo{ df}Hbft jfkt o;
a}+sdf /fVg' kg]{5 .
t/, rNtL / sn vftf afx]ssf cGo lgIf]k dfq ;+sng ug]{ v ju{ / u ju{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt
;+:yfn] s'n lgIf]k bfloTjsf] b'O{ k|ltzt clgjfo{ df}Hbft /fVg' kg]{5 .
-@_ v / u ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] o; a}+ssf] sfof{no gePsf] :Yffgdf glhssf] s
ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf o; k|of]hgsf] nflu rNtL vftf vf]nL cfjZos /sd hDdf u/]df
klg clgjfo{ df}Hbftdf u0fgf ul/g]5 .
t/, Aofh cfh{g x'g] u/L s ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf hDdf u/]sf] /sdnfO{ clgjfo{
df}Hbftdf u0fgf ul/g] 5}g . o:tf] vftfsf] hfgsf/L o; a}+ssf] ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf lbg'
kg]{5 .
clgjfo{ df}Hbft k|of]hgsf nflu vf]lng] vftf ;DalGwt ljQLo ;+:yfsf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{no ePsf]
:yfgdf dfq vf]Ng' kg]{5 .
;DalGwt ljQLo ;+:yfsf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{no /x]sf] :yfgdf g]kfn /fi6 a}+ssf] sfof{no gePsf]
v08df glhssf] s ju{sf] Pp6} a}+sdf hDdf u/]sf] /sdnfO{ dfq clgjfo{ df}Hbftdf u0fgf
ul/g]5 . o; a}+ssf] sfof{no afx]s PseGbf a9L a}szfvfdf hDdf u/]sf] /sdnfO{ o;
k|of]hgsf nflu of]Uo dflgg] 5}g .
clgjfo{ df}Hbft u0fgf ug]{ k|of]hgsf nflu vftf vf]lnPsf] a}+saf6 ;DalGwt ljQLo ;+:yfn] s'g}
klg lsl;dsf] ;fk6L;'ljwf pkof]u ug{ kfpg] 5}g . t/, ljkGg ju{ shf{ pknAw ug{u/fpg o;
lgb]{zgn] afwf k'ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
-#_ pka'Fbf -!_ adf]lhd /fVg' kg]{ df}Hbft gk'u ePsf] cj:yfdf b]xfo adf]lhd hl/jfgf nufOg] 5 M
-s_ klxnf] k6s clgjfo{ df}Hbft gk'u ePsf] cj:yfdf gk'u eP hlt /sddf k|rlnt a}+s b/sf]
k|ltztn] .
-v_ bf];|f] k6s clgjfo{ df}Hbft gk'u ePsf] cj:yfdf gk'u eP hlt /sddf k|rlnt a}+s b/sf]
8]9L k|ltztn] .
-u_ t];|f] k6s / ;f] eGbf kl5 hlt k6s gk'u eP klg gk'u eP hlt /sddf k|rlnt a}+s b/sf]
bf]Jj/ k|ltztn] .
t/, ;d:ofu|:t 3f]if0ff u/L lgIf]k :jLsf/ tyf shf{ k|jfxdf k|ltaGw nufPsf] cj:yfdf To:tf]
a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ hl/jfgf nufpg clgjfo{ x'g] 5}g .

269
-$_ pka'Fbf -#_ sf] v08 -s_, -v_ / -u_ adf]lhd k6s sfod ubf{ k|To]s cfly{s jif{sf] nflu cnu
cnu k6s sfod ul/g] 5 . hl/jfgfsf] k6s lgwf{/0f ubf{ !$ lbg -b'O{ ;Ktfx_ sf] df}Hbft
u0fgfnfO{ Ps k6s dflgg]5 .
-%_ clgjfo{ df}Hbftdf gk'u eP hlt /sddf k|rlnt a}+s b/sf] k|ltztn] b'O{ xKtfsf] lx;fadf hl/jfgf
nufOg]5 / o;/L gk'u eP hltsf] /sdnfO{ a}+s b/sf] k|ltztn] u'0ff u/L 5AaL;n] efu ul/g] 5 .
-^_ clgjfo{ df}Hbft u0fgf ;DaGwL k|of]hgsf nflu b]xfosf] k|lqmof ckgfOg]5 M
-s_ clgjfo{ df}Hbftsf] u0fgf ;fKtflxs cf};t lgIf]k df}Hbftsf cfwf/df ul/g] 5 .
-v_ df}Hbftsf] u0fgf ubf{ v08 -s_ df plNnlvt ;dofjlw kl5 PsxKtf cGt/fn sfod u/L
tTkZrftsf] b'O{ xKtf -cfOtjf/ b]lv !$ cf}+ lbgsf] zlgjf/_ df sfod ul/g] cf};t gub
df}HbftnfO{ lnOg]5 .
-u_ clgjfo{ df}Hbft u0fgf ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu s'n lgIf]k bfloTjsf xsdf ;fKtflxs ?kdf
cfOtjf/ b]lv zlgjf/;Ddsf] s'n lgIf]ksf] of]unfO{ ;ft cn]] efu u/L b}lgs cf};t
lgwf{/0f ug'{kg]]{5 . o;}u/L, g]kfn /fi6 a+}s df}Hbftsf] u0fgf ubf{ cfOtjf/b]lv !$ cf}+ lbgsf]
zlgjf/;Ddsf] b}lgs df}Hbftsf] s'n of]unfO{ rf}w cn] efu u/L b}lgs cf};t lgwf{/0f ul/g]
5.
-3_ o; lgb]{zg adf]lhd sfod ug'{kg]{ clgjfo{ df}Hbftsf] slDtdf &) k|ltzt df}Hbft b}lgs
?kdf sfod ug'{kg]{5 .
-_ o; k|of]hgsf] nflu lgwf{l/t lgb]{zg kmf=g+= !#=! adf]lhdsf] ljj/0f e/L xKtf lat]sf] ;ft
lbgleq clgjfo{ ?kdf o; a}+ssf] ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf cfOk'Ug] u/L k7fpg' kg]{5 .
-&_ o; p2]Zosf] nflu Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;Dk"0f{ sfof{nox?nfO{ Pp6} OsfO{ dflgg] 5 .
-*_ o; a}+sdf /x]sf] vftfdf hDDff x'g] u/L km08 6fG;km/sf] l;nl;nfdf dfu{:y (Transit) df kg{
uPsf] :jb]zL d'b|fsf] /sdnfO{ o; a+}ssf] df}Hbftdf ;dfj]z u/fOg] 5 . a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn]
dfu{:ydf kg{ uPsf] :jb]zL d'b|fsf] /sdsf] k|df0f ;d]t ;+nUg u/L k7fpg' kg]{5 .
:ki6Ls/0fM
-!_ o; bkmfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu s'n lgIf]k eGgfn] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] rNtL, sn, art /
d'2lt vftfdf hDdf ePsf] /sd ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] o; a}+sn]
tf]s]adf]lhdsf ljleGg ljQLo pks/0fsf] dfWodaf6 :jLsf/ ug]{ /sd ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .
-@_ o; a}+ssf] ;fwf/0f vftfdf ePsf] df}HbftnfO{ dfq clgjfo{ df}Hbftdf u0fgf ul/g] 5 . o; a}+sdf
ljz]if k|of]hgsf] nflu vf]lnPsf] ljz]if vftf tyf ljb]zL d'b|f vftfdf /x]sf] /sdnfO{ o; k|of]hgsf]
nlfu u0fgf ul/g] 5}g .
l6Kk0fLM
-!_ clgjfo{ df}Hbft u0fgf k|of]hgsf] nflu kl/jTo{ ljb]zL d'b|fsf] lgIf]k, sd{rf/L hdfgt tyf dflh{g
vftfdf /x]sf] /sd s'n lgIf]kdf ;dfj]z ul/g] 5}g .
-@_ rNtL vftf eGgfn] dfu]sf] avt hlxn] klg lemSg kfpg] u/L a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfdf /flvPsf]
/sdsf] x/lx;fa n]lvPsf] vftf ;Demg' k5{ .
-#_ art vftf eGgfn] a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfdf artsf] lgldQ /flvPsf] /sdsf] x/lx;fa n]lvPsf]
vftf ;Demg' k5{ .
-$_ d'2lt vftf eGgfn] a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfdf lglZrt cjlw;Dd hDdf /xg] u/L /flvPsf] /sdsf]
x/lx;fa n]lvPsf] vftf ;Demg' k5{ .
-%_ clgjfo{ df}Hbft u0fgf ug]{ k|of]hgfy{ g]kfn /fi6 a}+ssf] sfof{no gePsf :yfgx?df /fli6o afl0fHo
a}+s ln= tyf g]kfn a}+s ln= df /x]sf] gf]6sf]ifdf hDdf x'g] dfu{:y gub -Cash in Transit_ ;d]t
;dfj]z ug{ ;lsg]5 . o;/L dfu{:y /sd ;dfj]z ubf{ gf]6sf]ifdf hDdf ul/Psf] / gf]6sf]ifaf6
lemlsPsf] /sd ;DaGwL k|df0f ;d]t ;+nUg u/]/ k7fpg' kg]{5 .

270
@= clgjfo{ df}Hbft ;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?sf] sfo{nfO{ lj:tfl/t, ;xh / ;'ljwfo'Qm agfpg ahf/ lgdf{tfx afx]ssf o;
a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] klg ;/sf/L ;'/If0fkqsf] ;fFjf tyf Aofh e'QmfgL u/L ;f]sf] zf]wegf{ o;
a}s+ af6 k|fKt ug{ ;Sg] x'gfn] ;/sf/L ;'/If0fkqsf] ;fFjf e'QmfgL /sdsf] zf]wegf{ k|fKt gx'Fbf;Ddsf]
cjlwsf] nflu pQm /sdnfO{ ;d]t clgjfo{ df}Hbft cg'kft u0fgf ubf{ ;dfj]z ug{ ;lsg]5 . ;fy},
;fj{hlgs labf kg{ uO{ ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ ;fFjf /sd e'QmfgL ug{ g;lsPsf] cj:yfdf
;f] labfsf] cjlwsf] nflu pQm ;fFjf /sdnfO{ o; a}+sdf /fVg' kg]{ clgjfo{ df}Hbft cg'kft u0fgf ubf{
;dfj]z ug{ ;lsg]5 .
#= j}wflgs t/ntf cg'kft -Statutory Liquidity Ratio_ ;DaGwL Joj:yf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt s ju{sf a}+sn] s'n :jb]zL lgIf]ksf] !@ k|ltzt, v ju{sf ljsf; a}+sn] ( k|ltzt,
u ju{sf ljQ sDkgLn] * k|ltzt tyf rNtL / sn lgIf]k ;+sng gug]{ v / u ju{sf ljQLo
;+:yfn] ^ k|ltzt j}wflgs t/ntf cg'kft sfod ug'{ kg]{5 . o; k|of]hgsf] nflu a}+s tyf ljQLo
;+:yfxsf] lgDgfg';f/sf] t/n ;DklQx? u0fgf ul/g]5 M
-s_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;'/If0fkqdf u/]sf] nufgL,
-v_ clgjfo{ df}Hbft k|of]hgsf nflu g]kfn /fi6 a}+sdf /flvPsf] /sd,
-u_ cfgf] 9's'6Ldf /x]sf] gub df}Hbft,
-3_ v / u ju{sf ;+:yfsf] xsdf clgjfo{ df}Hbft k|of]hgsf nflu jfl0fHo a}+sx?df /x]sf] /sd,
-_ /fli6o:t/ afx]ssf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] dfu]sf jvt k|fKt x'g] u/L cGo a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?df
/fv]sf] /sd,
-r_ cGt/f{li6o ljQLo ;+:yff/f g]kfnL d'b|fdf hf/L ePsf] C0fkqdf ul/Psf] nufgL, /
-5_ cfly{s k'g?4f/ sf]ifdf hDdf ul/Psf] /sd .
t/, t/n ;DklQ u0fgf ubf{ dfly pNn]lvt ;'/If0fkq jf C0fkqsf] lwtf]df l/kf], :yfoL t/ntf ;'ljwf
(SLF) nufot a}+s ljQLo ;+:yfaf6 shf{ lnPsf] eP ;f] shf{ /sd 36fO{ v'b nufgL dfq t/n
;DklQdf ;dfj]z ug{' kg]{5 .
j}wflgs t/ntf cg'kft u0fgf ;DaGwdf b]xfo adf]lhd Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 .
-!_ j}wflgs t/ntf cg'kft u0fgf ubf{ 7Ls cl3Nnf] dlxgfsf] cGTodf /x]sf] :jb]zL lgIf]k bfloTjnfO{
cfwf/ dflgg]5 .
-@_ o:tf] cg'kft u0fgf u/L k|To]s dlxgfe/sf] j}wflgs t/ntf cg'kft /sdsf] ljj/0f lgb]{zg kmf=g+=
!#=@ df pNn]v eP adf]lhd k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ plNnlvt df}Hbft gk'u ePsf] cj:yfdf g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf (( sf] pkbkmf -!_
df ePsf] Joj:yfsf] clwgdf /xL b]xfo adf]lhd hl/jfgf nufOg] 5 M
-s_ klxnf] k6s j}wflgs t/ntf cg'kft gk'u ePsf] cj:yfdf gk'u eP hlt /sddf k|rlnt
a}+sb/sf] k|ltztn] .
-v_ bf]>f] k6s j}wflgs t/ntf cg'kft gk'u ePsf] cj:yfdf gk'u eP hlt /sddf k|rlnt
a}+sb/sf] bf]Aj/ k|ltztn] .
-u_ t]>f] k6s / ;f]eGbf kl5 hlt k6s gk'u eP klg gk'u eP hlt /sddf k|rlnt a+}s b/sf]
t]Aa/ k|ltztn] .
t/, ;d:ofu|:t 3f]if0ff u/L lgIf]k :jLsf/ tyf shf{ k|jfxdf k|ltaGw nufPsf] cj:yfdf To:tf]
a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ hl/jfgf nufpg clgjfo{ x'g] 5}g .
-$_ pka'Fbf -#_ sf] v08 -s_, -v_ / -u_ adf]lhd k6s sfod ubf{ k|To]s cfly{s jif{sf] nflu cnu
cnu k6s sfod ul/g]5 . hl/jfgfsf] k6s lgwf{/0f dlxgfsf] cfwf/df ul/g]5 .

271
 -%_ j}wflgs t/ntf cg'kft gk'u eP hlt /sddf k|rlnt a}+sb/sf] k|ltztn] dfl;s lx;fjdf
hl/jfgf nufOg]5 / o;/L gk'u eP hltsf] /sdnfO{ a+}sb/sf] k|ltztn] u'0ff u/L afx|n] efu
ul/g]5 .
-^_ j}wflgs t/ntf cg'kft gk'u ePsf] cj:yfdf hl/jfgfsf] k|of]hgsf nflu o; a}+sn] tf]s] adf]lhd
k|sflzt u/]sf] a}+sb/nfO{ g} cfwf/ lnOg]5 .
b|i6JoM != o; bkmfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu ;/sf/L ;'/If0fkq eGgfn] g]kfn ;/sf/n] hf/L u/]sf] artkq, ljsf;
C0fkq, 6]h/L laN; tyf o; a}+sn] tf]s]sf] cGo ;'/If0fkq ;Demg' k5{ .
t/, ahf/ lgdf{tf -Market Maker_ sf] ?kdf sfo{ ul//x]sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] sf/f]af/ -
Trading_ k|of]hgsf] nflu g]kfn /fi6 a}+s, /fi6 C0f Joj:yfkg ljefu cGtu{tsf] ljz]if vftf -
Special Account_ df /x]sf] ;/sf/L ;'/If0fkqsf] /sd lgtfGt sf/f]af/
-Trading_ k|of]hgsf] nflu dfq x'g] x'Fbf ;f] ;'/If0fkqsf] /sd j}wflgs t/ntf cg'kft (Statutory
Liquidity Ratio, SLR) k|of]hgsf] nflu ;/sf/L ;'/If0fkqdf u0fgf ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
@= j}wflgs t/ntf cg'kft ljj/0f k|To]s dlxgf ;dfKt ePsf] kGw| lbgleq k7fpg' kg]{5 .
$= vf/]hL / jrfpm
-!_ o; a}+saf6 o;cl3 hf/L ul/Psf b]xfosf lgb]{zgx? vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 M
PsLs[t lgb]{zg, @)&# sf] clgjfo{ df}Hbft ;DaGwL Joj:yf O=k|f lgb]{zg g+= !#)&# af6 hf/L
ul/Psf] lgb]{zg tyf ;f] kZrft ldlt @)&$ ;fpg ( ut] ;Dd hf/L ePsf clgjfo{ df}Hbftj}wflgs
t/ntf cg'kft;Fu ;DalGwt ;Dk"0f{ kl/kqx? .
-@_ pka'Fbf -!_ adf]lhd vf/]h ul/Psf lgb]{zg tyf kl/kq adf]lhd eP u/]sf sfd sf/jfxL o;}
lgb]{zg adf]lhd eP u/]sf] dflgg]5 .

272
 g]=/f=a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+= !#=!
clgjfo{ df}Hbft ;DaGwL ljj/0f
ldlt @) ===== ;fn ======== dlxgf ====== ut] b]lv @) ====== ;fn ========= dlxgf======== ut] ;Dd
?= xhf/df
clgjfo{ df}Hbft gub df}Hbft
k|of]hgsf] nflu
s'n lgIf]k df}Hbft sju{ v'b dfu{:y gub -_ clgjfo{ b}lgs
-s_ sf] ;/sf/L gub ?kdf
clgjfo{ g]kfn Ohfht C0fkq s'n sfod
/sd cg'kft s'n
df}Hbft clgjfo{ /fi6 kqk|fKt gf]6 gf]6 art ul/Psf] ;fk6L
df}Hbft a}+sdf a}+sdf kqsf] -v_ =
u0fgf ug]{ sf]ifdf sf]ifaf6 s'n -5_ = df}Hbft -h_
cjlwsf] sfod ug]{ /x]sf] rNtL hDdf lemlsP cGo ;fFjf [u
/sd -!@ k|ltzt
7Ls b'O{ b'O{ xKtf df}Hbft vftfdf ul/Psf] sf] -#_ e'QmfgL +3+ [vc
+#_ ]
xKtf -u_ /x]sf] /sd /sd /sd +r]
cufl8sf] df}Hbft -!_ -@_ -r_
xKtf -3_
cfOtaf/ cfOtaf/
;f]daf/ ;f]daf/
d+unaf/ d+unaf/
a'waf/ a'waf/
ljxLaf/ ljxLaf/
z'qmaf/ z'qmaf/
zlgjf/ zlgjf/
cfOtaf/
;f]daf/
d+unaf/
a'waf/
ljxLaf/
z'qmaf/
zlgjf/
s'n
cf};t -c_

ljj/0f k]z ug]{ clws[tM

x:tfIf/ M
gfd / y/ M
bhf{ M
gf]6M clgjfo{ df}Hbft u0fgf ug]{ cjlwsf] 7Ls b'O{ xKtf cufl8sf] xKtf eGgfn] df}Hbft sfod ug'{kg]{ b'O xKtf cjlwsf] klxnf] lbg-
cfOtjf/_ sf] 7Ls b'O{ xKtf cuf8L-cfOtjf/_ sf] lbg b]lv z'? x'g] xKtf ;Demg' kb{5 . pbfx/0fsf] nflu @)&#^@ ut] b]lv
* ut] ;Ddsf] cf};t lgIf]ksf cfwf/df @)&#^!^ ut] b]lv @( ut] ;Dd cf};t df}Hbft sfod ug'{kg]{5 .

273
 Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf nflu g]= /f a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+= !#=@
j}wflgs t/ntf cg'kft -SLR_ ;DaGwL ljj/0f
-dfl;s_
@) === ;fn ==================== dlxgf .
clgjfo{
clgjfo{
df}Hbft
df}Hbft
k|of]hgf
k|of]hgf
y{ g]kfn cGt/f{l
y{ g]kfn
/fi6
/fi6 dfu]s cGt/f{li6 cfly{s ;/sf/ a}+sv
i6o cfly{s
;/sf/ a}+sv 9's'6L f o ljQLo s'n 9's'6L dfu]sf ljQLo k'g?4f s'n
k'g?4f L / u jvt
L / u df jvt :yff/f
;+ j}wflg df ;+:yff / j}wflg
/ ;'/If0f ju{sf
;'/If0f ju{sf /x]sf] k|fKt g]kfnL s /x]sf] k|fKt /f sf]ifdf s
ut] sf]ifdf ut] kqdf ;+:yfsf] x'g]
kqdf ;+:yfsf] gub x'g] d'b|fdf t/nt gub g]kfnL hDdf t/n
hDdf u/]sf] xsdf /sd
u/]sf] xsdf df}Hb /sd hf/L f df}Hb d'b|fdf ul/P tf
ul/Ps nufgL jfl0fHo
nufgL jfl0fHo ft ePsf] ft *** hf/L sf]
*** C0fkq f] /sd a}+s
a}+s ePsf] /sd
;d]tdf C0fkq
;d]tdf
/x]sf]
/x]sf]
/sd
/sd
**
**
! !&
@ !*
# !(
$ @)
% @!
^ @@
& @#
* @$
( @%
!) @^
!! @&
!@ @*
!# @(
!$ #)
!% #!
!^ #@
sfod u/]sf] cf};t j}wflgs t/ntf -s_
cl3Nnf] dlxgfsf] cGTodf /x]sf] :jb]zL lgIf]k bfloTj -v_
sfod ug'{ kg]{ j}wflgs t/ntf cg'kft -u_-v_ x %
a9Lgk'u /sd -3_ -s_-u_
** o; a}+ssf] ;fwf/0f vftfdf ePsf] df}HbftnfO{ dfq clgjfo{ df}Hbftdf u0fgf ul/g] 5 . o; a}+sdf ljz]if k|of]hgsf] nflu
vf]lnPsf] ljz]if vftf tyf ljb]zL d'b|f vftfdf /x]sf] /sdnfO{ o; k|of]hgsf] nflu u0fgf ul/g] 5}g . ;fy}, j}wflgs
t/ntfdf clgjfo{ df}Hbft /sd u0fgf ubf{ dlxgfe/sf] cf};t df}Hbft /sd ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
*** /fli6o:t/ afx]ssf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] dfu]sf jvt k|fKt x'g] u/L cGo a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?df /fv]sf] /sd eGg] a'em\g'
kb{5 .

ldltM clws[tM

274
 g]kfn /fi6 a}+s
s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu

O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= !$)&$

zfvfsfof{no vf]Ng] ;DaGwL Joj:yf .

o; a}+saf6 s, v / u ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] zfvfsfof{no vf]Ng] Joj:yfsf ;DaGwdf

g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf &( n] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L b]xfosf] lgb]{zg hf/L ul/Psf] 5 M
!= zfvfsfof{no vf]Ng] ;DaGwL Joj:yf
-s_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] zfvf sfof{no vf]Ng o; a}+ssf] k'j{ :jLs[lt lng'kg]{5 .
t/, sf7df08f} pkTosf, dxfgu/kflnsf jf pk dxfgu/kflnsf jf gu/kflnsfsf s]Gb| afx]ssf
:yfgdf zfvf vf]Ng o; a}+ssf] :jLs[lt lng' kg]{ 5}g . o; Joj:yf adf]lhd a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf]
;~rfns ;ldltaf6 zfvf vf]Ng lg0f{o ePsf] ldltn] & lbg leq o; a}+snfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg' kg]{5 .
-v_ b]xfosf] cj:yf k'/f u/]sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:Yffn] cfgf] sfo{If]q leq gofF zfvf sfof{no vf]Ng
;Sg]5g\M
-c_ zfvf lj:tf/ ug{sf nflu k|:tfljt :yfg ljQLo ?kn] ;DefJo /x]sf] :ynut cWoog
k|ltj]bg tof/ ug'{ kg]{ .
-cf_ o; a}+ssf] gLltut Joj:yf tyf lgb]{zg adf]lhd tf]lsPsf] Go'gtd r'Qmf k'FhL sfod u/]sf]
.
-O_ o; a}sjf6 Ohfhtkq k|bfg ubf{ tf]lsPsf zt{x? k'/f ug{'sf ;fy} zfvf vf]Ng' cufl8sf]
q}dfl;s ljQLo ljj/0fdf o; a}+sn] tf]s]sf] k'FhLsf]if k'/f u/]sf] .
-O{_ zfvf sfof{nodf ;'rgf cfbfg k|bfg ug{sf] nflu g]6jls{ (Networking) u/L jf ljB'tLo
dfWodjf6 s]Gb|Lo sfof{nodf ;'rgf k|0ffnLdf tTsfn cfj4 x'g ;Sg] Joj:yf u/]sf] .
-p_ 7Ls cl3Nnf] qodf;df lgliqmo shf{{ (NPL) % k|ltzteGbf a9L gePsf] .
-pm_ ;DalGwt ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns ;ldltaf6 zfvf sfof{no :yfkgf;~rfng ug]{ ;DaGwL lg0f{o
ePsf] x'g' kg]{ . ;~rfns ;ldltn] lg0f{o u/]sf] ldltn] !% lbgleq o; a}+s ;dIf ;+nUg
cg';"rL !$=! adf]lhdsf] 9fFrfsf] kmf/d e/L :jLs[ltsf] nflu cfj]bg lbg' kg]{ . o; a}+saf6
:jLs[lt kfPsf] ldltn] 5 dlxgfleqdf zfvf sfof{no vf]nL sf/f]af/ ;~rfng ul/ ;Sg' kg]{ .
-u_ s'g} lhNnfleq % jf ;f]eGbf a9L a}+ls OsfO{ ePsf] cj:yf /x]tfklg s'g} ufFp ljsf; ;ldlt jf
gu/kflnsfdf s'g} klg a}+ls sf/f]af/ ug]{ OsfO{ gePsf] ljz]if Joj:yf cGtu{t ;+:yfkgf eO{
ljQLo sf/f]af/ ;~rfng ul//x]sf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] zfvf sfof{no tyf cGo s'g} lsl;dsf] yk
sfof{no vf]Ng kfpg] 5}g .
t/, o;/L ljz]if Joj:yf cGtu{t :yfkgf ePsf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] sfo{If]q cGtu{tsf] uf=lj=;= jf
gu/kflnsfdf cGo s'g} a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] zfvf sfof{no g/x]sf] cj:yfdf o; a}+ssf]
:jLs[lt lnO{ zfvf sfof{no vf]Ng o; Joj:yfn] afwf k'ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
-3_ zfvf sfof{no vf]Ng] lg0f{o ubf{ jf ;~rfngsf] ;dodf dfly plNnlvt zt{ tyf Joj:yfx? k'/f
gePsf / Joj:yfkg ;'wf/sf] k|lqmofdf /x]sf ;+:yfx?n] laz]if cj:yfdf o; a}sn] tf]lslbPsf]
zt{x?sf] clwgdf /xL zfvf sfof{nocGo sfof{no :yfkgf ug{ kfpg]5 .
-_ zfvf lj:tf/ ug{ :jLs[lt k|bfg ubf{ k|:tfljt If]qsf] Jofj;flos sf/f]af/, a}+ls ;]jfsf] kx'Fr tyf
pQm a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfaf6 s[lif, phf{, ko{6g / n3' pBdsf] If]qdf shf{ k|jfxdf x'g ;Sg]

275
 j[l4sf] l:ylt emNsg] u/L k]z ul/Psf] ;DefJotf cWoog k|ltj]bg ;d]tnfO{ cfwf/ agfOg] 5 .
zfvf :yfkgfsf] nflu k]z ul/g] ;DefJotf cWoog k|ltj]bgdf k|:tfljt zfvf :yfkgfsf nflu x'g]
k'FhLut tyf cGo vr{x?, tLg jif{leqdf ;f]xL ;+:yfsf] cGt/zfvf Aofh cfDbfgL afx]ssf a}+ls
sf/f]af/af6 k|:tfljt zfvf d'gfkmfdf ;+rflnt x'g ;Sg] cfwf/ ;d]t ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-r_ s ju{ / /fli6o:t/sf v ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;++:yfx?n] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfxsf]
pkl:ylt Go'g /x]sf tf]lsPsf !$ lhNnfdf zfvf vf]n]df ;b/d'sfddf ?= %) nfv;Dd /
;b/d'sfdeGbf aflx/ = ! s/f]8;Dd o; a}+saf6 z'Go Aofhb/df shf{ ;'ljwf pknAw u/fpg
;lsg] 5 . t/, k|d'v /fhdfu{ / ;f];Fu hf]l8Psf uf=lj=;=gu/kflnsfdf vf]lng] zfvfsf] nflu
o:tf] ;'ljwf pknAw u/fOg] 5}g . z'Go Aofhb/df shf{ k|jfx ;DaGwL k|lqmofut Joj:yf, @)^&
tyf td;'s cg';"rLdf ;+nUg ul/Psf] 5 .
o; Joj:yf adf]lhd z'Go Aofhb/df shf{ lng rfxg] jfl0fHo a}+sx?n] o; a}+saf6 hf/L lgb]{zg
adf]lhd s[lif / phf{ If]qdf ug'{kg]{ nufgL k'/f u/]sf] cj:yfdf dfq o:tf] shf{ ;'ljwf pknAw
u/fOg] 5 .
-5_ sf7df8f}+ pkTosf aflx/ b]xfo adf]lhd tLgj6f zfvf vf]nL ;~rfngdf NofP kZrft dfq
sf7df8f}+ pkTosfleq Ps zfvf vf]Ng :jLs[lt k|bfg ug{ ;lsg] 5 . pkTosf leq zfvf vf]Ng
lgj]bg k]z ubf{ o;/L vf]lng] zfvfsf] nflu aflx/ vf]lnPsf zfvfx?sf] ljj/0f k]z ug'{kg]{5 . ;fy},
pkTosfleq zfvf vf]Ng :jLs[lt lbFbf rqmky aflx/ tyf uf=lj=;=x?df vf]Ng k|fyldstf lbOg] 5 .
-c_ o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfxsf] pkl:ylt Go'g /x]sf tf]lsPsf !$
lhNnfdf sDtLdf Ps zfvf /
-cf_ sf7df08f} pkTosf aflx/ cGoq b'O{ zfvf . o; dWo] lhNnf ;b/d'sfd tyf gu/kflnsf
eGbf aflx/ sDtLdf Ps zfvf x'g'kg]{5 .
t/, pko'{Qm Joj:yfn] b]xfo adf]lhdsf :yfgdf zfvf lj:tf/ ug{ afwf k'ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
/fli6o:t/sf ;+:yfx? afx]ssf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?sf] xsdf cfgf] :jLs[t
sfo{If]qleq zfvf sfof{no :yfkgf ug{ .
s ju{sf Ohfhtk|qk|fKt ;++:yfsf] ?kdf :yflkt gofF a}+ssf] sf7df08f}+ pkTosfleq
s]Gb|Lo sfof{noskf]{/]6 sfof{no / Pp6f zfvf sfof{no :yfkgf ug{ .
cfoft lgof{t Jofkf/sf nflu k|d'v eG;f/ gfsf dflgPsf sfFs/lef, lj/f6gu/, jL/u+h,
e}/xjf, g]kfnu+h / wgu9Ldf PsPsj6f zfvf sfof{no :yfkgf ug{ .
-h_ s'g} Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] o; a}+saf6 ;d:ofu|:t 3f]if0ff ul/Psf a}+s jf ljQLo
;+:Yffsf] zfvf vl/b ug]{ ePdf b'j} ;+:yfn] k|rlnt sfg'g tyf cfgf] cfly{s k|zf;g
ljlgodfjnLsf] clwgdf /xL zfvf vl/b laqmL ug{ ;Sg]5g\ . sf7df08f} pkTosf nufot cGo s'g}
klg :yfgdf cjl:yt ;d:ofu|:t a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] zfvf sfof{no vl/b u/L ;~rfng
u/]df zfvf vl/b ug]{ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ dfly pNn]lvt v08 -5_ sf] Joj:yf clgjfo{ x'g]
5}g .
t/ o; a}+saf6 ;d:ofu|:t 3f]if0ff geO{ ljz]if lgu/fgLdf /x]sf a}+s jf ljQLo
;+:yfsf] zfvf sfof{no vl/b laqmL ;DaGwdf o; a}+ssf] k'j{ :jLs[lt lnP/ dfq ug{u/fpg ;lsg]
5.
-em_ o; lgb]{zgsf] k|of]hgsf nflu ef]hk'/, cf]vn9+'uf, dgf, ?s'd, ;Nofg, h'Dnf, d'u', x'Dnf,
sflnsf]6, 8f]Nkf, hfh/sf]6, aemf, afh'/f, / bfr'{nf u/L !$ lhNnfx?nfO{ a}+s tyf ljQLo
;+:yfxsf] pkl:ylt Go'g /x]sf lhNnfx? egL tf]lsPsf] 5 .
-`_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ah]6 jQmJodf pNn]v eP adf]lhd ul/aLsf] uxgtf t'ngfTds ?kdf a9L ePsf k;f{,
af/f, /f}tx6, ;nf{xL, dxf]Q/L, wg'iff, l;/fxf / ;Kt/Lsf] cg';"rL !$=$ df pNn]lvt blIf0fL ;LdfjtL{
If]qsf ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt / gu/kflnsfx? tyf pRr ul/aLdf /x]sf tf]lsPsf bz lhNnfdf cGo a}+s
ljQLo ;+:yf gePsf uf=lj=;= tyf ahf/ s]Gb|x?df zfvf vf]Ng o; a}+ssf] k"j{ :jLs[t lng' kg]{ 5}g .
o;/L zfvf vf]Nbf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;+rfns ;ldltn] lg0f{o u/L ;f] lg0f{o ePsf] ldltn] !%
lbg leq o; a}+ssf] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu / ;DjlGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefunfO{ hfgsf/L

276
 u/fpg' kg]{5 . a}s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;+rfns ;ldltn] lg0f{o u/]sf] ldltn] tLg dlxgfleq zfvf
sfof{no vf]nL ;Sg' kg]{5 .
-6_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] zfvf sfof{nox?sf] sfdsf/afxLsf] cg'udg, lg/LIf0f, cfGtl/s
n]vfk/LIf0f nufot cGo k|zf;lgs sfo{x? ug]{ u/L If]qLo sfof{no :Yffkgf ug{ ;Sg]5g\ . o;/L
If]qLo sfof{no :yfkgf ubf{ lgDgfg';f/sf] Joj:yfk|lqmof kfngf ug'{ kg]{5 .
-!_ Ps If]qLo sfof{no cGtu{t sDtLdf !) j6f zfvf sfof{nox? /xg] Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 . ;f]
dWo] $) k|ltzt zfvf sfof{nox? u|fdL0f :yfgdf ;~rfngdf /x]sf] x'g' kg]{5 . ljutdf
o; a}+ssf] :jLs[lt lnO{ jf glnO{ ;~rfng ul/Psf If]qLo sfof{nosf] xsdf @)&$ c;f/
d;fGtleq o; Joj:yf adf]lhd zfvf tyf u|fdL0f zfvf sfod ul/;Sg' kg]{5 .
-@_ Ps} lhNnfc~rnIf]qleqsf zfvf sfof{nox?nfO{ Pp6} If]qLo sfof{nosf] dftxtdf /fVg'
kg]{5 .
-#_ If]qLo sfof{non] cfkm" dftxtsf zfvf sfof{nox?sf] sfdsf/afxLsf] cg'udg, lg/LIf0f tyf
n]vfk/LIf0fsf cltl/Qm s]Gb|Lo sfof{non] tf]lslbPsf cGo sfo{x? h:t}M cfkm"nfO{ tf]lsPsf]
;Ldfleqsf] zfvf sfof{nox?af6 k|fKt shf{ kmfOn cWoog u/L :jLs[tsf] lg0f{o lng],
s]Gb|Lo sfof{noaf6 k|fKt d;nGbsf] Joj:yfkg ug]{, dftxtsf zfvf sfof{nox?df ljt/0f
ug]{, gofF zfvf sfof{nosf] nflu ;DefJotf cWoog u/L k|ltj]bg tof/ ug]{ nufotsf cGo
k|zf;lgs sfo{x? ;d]t ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-$_ If]qLo sfof{noaf6 a}+ls sf/f]af/ ug{u/fpg kfOg] 5}g .
-%_ If]qLo sfof{no vf]Ng' k"j{ ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns ;ldltn] ;f] sfof{no
vf]Ng] ;DaGwdf lg0f{o ug'{ kg]{5 .
-^_ If]qLo sfof{no ;~rfngdf cfPsf] !% lbgleq o; a}+ssf] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg
ljefu tyf ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefunfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg' kg]{5 .
@= s]Gb|Lo sfof{no, zfvf jf s'g} lsl;dsf] sfof{no aGb ug{], :yfgfGt/0f ug]{, ufEg] tyf 7]ufgf kl/jt{g
;DaGwL Joj:yf
-s_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] o; a}+ssf] k'j{ :jLs[lt lagf zfvf jf s'g} klg lsl;dsf] sfof{no aGb
ug{ jf :yfgfGt/0f ug{ jf ufEg kfpg] 5}gg\ .
t/, @)&@ a}zfvsf] e"sDkaf6 clt k|efljt sf7df8f}+ pkTosf afx]ssf lhNnfx?df /x]sf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf zfvf :jLs[t :yfgdf /xg c;'ljwf x'g uPdf ;f]xL lhNnfsf] cGo
pko'Qm :yfgdf To:tf] zfvf :yfgfGt/0f ug{ o; a}+ssf] k"j{ :jLs[lt lng' kg]{ 5}g .
-v_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] dxfgu/kflnsf, pk dxfgu/kflnsf / gu/kflnsfsf] ;f]xL j8fleq tyf
uf=lj=;=sf] xsdf ;f]xL uf=lj=;=leq zfvf sfof{no :yfgfGt/0f ug'{ k/]df Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf]
;~rfns ;ldltsf] lg0f{ofg';f/ :yfgfGt/0f u/L & lbgleq ;f]sf] hfgsf/L o; a}+snfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
-Uf_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] s]Gb|Lo/lhi68{ sfof{no -skf]{/]6 sfof{no_ sf] 7]ufgf kl/jt{g ug{ jf
:yfgfGt/0f ug{ rfx]df o; a}ssf] :jLs[lt lnO{ k|rlnt sfg'gsf] clwgdf /xL cfgf] k|aGwkq tyf
lgodfjnLdf ;+zf]wg u/L ug{ ;Sg] 5g\ .
#= zfvfpkzfvfx? k'j{jt :yfgdf sfod ug]{ ;DaGwdf
ljutdf ;'/Iffsf] sf/0faf6 o; a}+ssf] :jLs[lt lnO{glnO{ o; a}+snfO{ ;"rgf dfq lbP/ aGb ul/Psf
uflePsf zfvfpkzfvfx? k"j{jt ?kdf ;~rfng ug{ o; a}+ssf] :jLs[lt lnO/xg' kg]{5}g . o;/L k"j{jt\
?kdf ;~rfng eP kl5 ;f] sf] hfgsf/L & lbgleq o; a}+snfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
;fy}, Gsfndf lj:yflkt ePsf a}+ssf zfvf k'g:{yfkgfnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg To:tf :yfgdf b'Oj6f zfvf
k'g:yf{kgf u/]sf] cj:Yffdf sf7df08f} pkTosfleq o; a}+ssf] :jLs[lt lnO Ps zfvf vf]Ng ;lsg]5 . .
$= sfof{no ;do ;DaGwL Joj:yf
g]kfn /fi6 a}+s v'n]sf] lbg / ;dodf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] clgjfo{ ?kdf cfgf] sfof{no ;~rfng ug'{
kg]{5 . t/, Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] g]kfn /fi6 a}+s v'n]sf] lbg / ;dosf cltl/Qm ;do tyf cGo ljbfsf

277
 lbg / ;dodf cfgf] sf/f]af/ ;~rfng ug'{ k/]df o; a}ssf] a+}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu /
;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf ;f]sf] k'j{ hfgsf/L lnlvt ?kdf lbO{ sf/f]af/ ;~rfng ug{ ;Sg] 5g\ .
%= PS;6]G;g sfp06/ ;DaGwL Joj:yf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] PS;6]G;g sfp06/ vf]Ng] ;DaGwdf b]xfo cg';f/sf] zt{x? k'/f ug'{
kg]{5 M
-s_ o; a}+sn] tf]s]sf] Go'gtd k'FhLsf]if sfod u/]sf] .
-v_ o; a}+sn] tf]s]sf zfvf sfof{no :yfkgfsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ Go'gtd zt{x? h:t} k'FhL of]hgf
cg';f/sf] Go'gtd r'Qmf k'FhL, lgliqmo shf{ cg'kft nufotsf zt{x? k'/f u/]sf] .
-u_ dxfgu/kflnsf / pkdxfgu/kflnsf afx]ssf If]qdf dfq PS;6]G;g sfp06/ vf]Ng ;lsg] 5 . t/,
Jofkfl/s pT;j, d]nf, k]G;g ljt/0f tyf cfjlws3'DtL ahf/ ;~rfng x'g] :yndf a9Ldf #%
lbgsf] nflu lgIf]k ;+sng, r]ssf] e'QmfgL / ljb]zL d'b|fsf] ;6xL sfo{ dfq ug]{ u/L o; a}+snfO{
k'j{ hfgsf/L lbO{ To:tf] PS;6]G;g sfp06/ vf]Ng ;lsg]5 .
-3_ v08 -u_ df plNnlvt If]qafx]ssf :yfgdf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] o; a}+ssf] k'j{ :jLs[lt lnO{
PS;6]G;g sfp06/ vf]Ng ;Sg]5g\ o;/L vf]lnPsf PS;6]G;g sfp06/af6 lgIf]k ;+sng,
/]ld6\ofG;sf] e'QmfgL / lgIf]k vftfaf6 e'QmfgL ug{] sfo{ dfq ug{ kfOg]5 . ljb]zL d'b|fsf]
vl/blaqmL sfo{sf] xsdf o; a}+ssf] ljb]zL ljlgdo ljefusf] Ohfhtkq cfjZos kg{]5 .
-_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfnfO{ o; a}ssf] k'j{ :jLs[lt k|fKt u/L cbfnt kl/;/, c:ktfn, ;}lgs Aof/]s,
ljZjljBfno, SofDk;, ljBfno, ;/sf/L sfof{no, cf}Bf]lus If]q, ljb]zL s'6g}lts lgof]ux?sf]
xftfleq tyf ljb]zdf sfd ug]{ g]kfnLsf] nflu k]G;g ljt/0f tyf /fhZj ;+sng;/sf/L sf/f]af/
;~rfng ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu vf]lng] sfp06/x?af6 :jb]zL d'b|fdf lgIf]k ;+sng tyf e'QmfgL ug{
afx]s cGo s'g} klg ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug{ gkfOg] u/L PS;6]G;g sfp06/ ;~rfng ug{ :jLs[lt
k|bfg ug{ ;lsg]5 .
;fy}, o;/L vf]l+ng] PS;6]G;g sfp06/ ;DaGwL :jLs[lt k|bfg ubf{ v08 -u_ sf] Joj:yf nfu" x'g]
5}g .
-r_ zfvf sfof{no :yfkgflj:tf/ ug{ tf]lsPsf zt{x? k'/f u/]sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] o;
a}+ssf] k'j{:jLs[lt k|fKt u/L j}b]lzs /]ld6\ofG; /sd e'QmfgL ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu /]ld6\ofG;
e'QmfgL sfp06/ ;~rfng ug{ ;Sg]5g\ .
-5_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] PS:6]G;g sfp06/sf] nflu ;DalGwt zfvf tf]Sg' kg]{5 .
-h_ rfn' tyf ljut cfly{s jif{df ljkGg ju{ shf{ ;DaGwL s'g} hl/jfgfsf/jfxL ul/Psf ;+:yfx?
PS;6]G;g sfp06/ :yfkgf ug{ cof]Uo x'g]5g\ .
-em_ PS:6]G;g sfp06/ zfvfdf kl/jt{g x'g] ePdf zfvf :yfkgf ;DaGwL gLltut k|lqmof k'/f ug'{
kg]{5 .
-`_ o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt cGo a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] pkl:ylt gePsf] :yfga:tLdf
PS:6]G;g sfp06/ vf]Ng k|fyldstf lbOg] 5 .
^= ;Dks{k|ltlglw sfof{no ;DaGwL Joj:yf
b]xfosf cj:yf k'/f u/]sf s ju{sf a}+sx?n] o; a}+ssf] :jLs[lt lnO{ ljb]zdf ;Dks{k|ltlglw sfof{no
vf]Ng ;Sg] 5g\M
-s_ o; a}+sn] tf]s]sf] Go'gtd r'Qmf k'FhL k'/f u/]sf] .
-v_ ljut Ps jif{ b]lv lgoldt ?kdf o; a}+sn] tf]s]sf] k'FhLsf]if sfod u/]sf] .
-u_ ljut tLg jif{b]lv lgliqmo shf{ cg'kft % k|ltzteGbf sd /x]sf] .
-3_ ;+:yf / ;+:yfsf ;~rfnsnfO{ o; a}{+saf6 s'g} sf/jfxL ul/Psf] eP To:tf] sf/jfxL ePsf] ^
dlxgf k'/f eO;s]sf] .

278
 dfly plNnlvt of]Uotf k'u]sf OR5's a}+sn] ;j{k|yd ;}4flGts ;xdltsf] nflu o; a}+s ;dIf cfj]bg
ug'{ kg]{5 . o;/L cfj]bg ubf{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf sfuhftx? k]z ug'{ kg]{5M
-s_ ;~rfns ;ldltsf] lg0f{o .
-v_ ;DalGwt b]zsf] lgofds lgsfosf] gLltut Joj:yf / ;f]sf] kfngf ug{ ;Sg] ;DaGwdf a}+ssf]
tkm{af6 ul/Psf] :j3f]if0ff .
-u_ ;+efJotf cWoog k|ltj]bg .
-3_ ljut # jif{sf] jflif{s ljQLo ljj/0f .
pko{'Qm adf]lhd k]z x'g cfPsf] sfuhft cWoog u/L ;Dks{k|ltlglw sfof{no vf]Ng] ;}4flGts
;xdlt k|bfg ug{ dgfl;j b]lvPsf] v08df ^ dlxgfleq ;DalGwt b]zsf] lgofds lgsfoaf6
;Dks{k|ltlglw sfof{no vf]Ng] :jLs[lt k|fKt u/L clGtd :jLs[ltsf] nflu o; a}+s ;dIf cfj]bg ug'{
kg]{ u/L cjlw tf]sL ;}4flGts ;xdlt k|bfg ul/g] 5 . clGtd :jLs[ltsf] nflu cfj]bg k]z x'g cfPdf
a}+sn] cfjZos hfFra'em u/L b]xfosf zt{ tyf cGo cfjZos yk zt{ ;d]t tf]sL clGtd :jLs[lt
k|bfg ug{] 5 .
-s_ clGtd :jLs[lt k|fKt u/]sf] ^ dlxgfleq To:tf] ;Dks{k|ltlglw sfof{no vf]nL sfof{no
;~rfng ul/;Sg' kg]{5 / ;f]sf] hfgsf/L o; a}+snfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
-v_ ;Dks{k|ltlglw sfof{no ;~rfngsf] nflu x'g] ljb]zL d'b|f vr{sf] nflu o; a}+ssf] ljb]zL
ljlgdo Joj:yfkg ljefuaf6 :jLs[lt lng' kg]{5 .
&= 3'DtL a}+ls;]jf ;DaGwL Joj:yf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt s ju{ / /fli6o:t/sf v / u ju{sf ;+:yfx?n] a}+ls ;'ljwfsf] kx'Fr gePsf]
:yfgdf b]xfosf] gLltut Joj:yf tyf zt{x?sf] clwgdf /xL ;jf/L ;fwgdf sfof{no /fv]/ 3'DtL
a}+ls;]jf ;~rfng ug{ ;Sg]] 5g\ .
!= 3'DtL a}+ls ;]jf sf7df08f}+ pkTosfsf] dxfgu/kflnsf, pkdxfgu/kflnsf / gu/kflnsf afx]s
b]ze/ s'g} klg :yfgdf cfgf] a}+ssf] s'g} lghssf] zfvfnfO{ ;Dks{lgoGq0f sfof{no tf]s]/
;~rfngsfof{Gjog ug'{ kg]{5 .
@= 3'DtL a}+ls;]jfdf ;+nUg x'g] gub, dfu{:y gub -Cash in Transit_, ;jf/L ;fwg, sd{rf/L tyf cGo
;DklQsf] aLdf u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 .
#= ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] of] ;]jf ;~rfng ubf{ cfOkg]{ ;'/Iff k|0ffnL nufotsf ;Dk"0f{
hf]lvd klxrfg / Joj:yfkg cfkm}+n] ug{' kg]{5 .
$= 3'DtL a}+ls;]jf pknAw u/fP afkt ljBdfg k|rlnt ;]jf z'Ns afx]s cGo s'g}klg ;]jfz'Ns
;]jfu|fxL;Fu lng kfOg] 5}g . sf/f]af/sf] ljj/0f / k|efj u|fxssf] vftfdf tTsfn emNsg] Joj:yf
ug'{ kg]{5 .
%= 3'DtL a}+ls ;]jf pknAw u/fpg] :yfg cflbsf] ;DaGwdf cfjZostf cg';f/ g]kfn ;/sf/sf]
;DalGwt lgsfo jf clwsf/Lsf] :jLs[lt lng' kg]{5 . cfjZostfg';f/ :yfgLo k|x/L, k|zf;g;Fu
t'?Gt ;Dks{ ug{u/fpg ;Sg] u/L cfw'lgs ;+rf/ ;fwgsf] ;'ljwf x'g' kg]{5 .
^= ;'/Iff l:ylt tyf :yfg ljZf]if x]/L 3'DtL a}+ls ;]jf ;~rfng ug{ rfxg] ;+:yfn] sf/f]af/ /sdsf]
;Ldf cfkm}+ lgwf{/0f ug{ ;Sg] 5g\ .
&= 3'DtL a}+ls+usf] dfWodaf6 g]kfnL ?k}+ofdf dfq lgIf]k tyf e'QmfgL ;]jf k|bfg ug'{ kg]{5 .
*= 3'DtL a}+ls ;]jf pknAw u/fOg] :yfgdf xltof/ ;lxtsf] ;'/Iff uf8{ x'g' kg]{5 .
(= a}+ssf] cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f ljefun] 3'DtL a}+lssf/f]af/nfO{ ;'/lIft agfpg lglZrt dfkb08
agfO{ cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0fdf ;f] ;DaGwL sf/f]af/nfO{ ;d]t ;d]6\g' kg]{5 .
!)= 3'DtL a}+ls;]jf ;~rfng ug]{ ;+:yfn] u|fxssf] lgIf]k ;DaGwL sf/f]af/ tyf /]ld6\ofG; ;]jf pknAw
u/fpg] afx]ssf cGo ;]jf ;'ljwf k|bfg ug{ kfOg] 5}g .

279
 !!= ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] of] ;]jf ;~rfng ubf{ k|of]u ug]{ ;jf/L ;fwgdf cfjZos ;]jf
k|bfg ug{ k"jf{wf/ / ;'rgf k|0ffnL h8fg u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 .
!@= 3'DtL a}+ls;]jfdf hfg] sd{rf/Ln] :jLs[t ef}uf]lns If]qdf dfq uPsf] k|dfl0ft x'g] ;jf/L ;fwgsf]
nu a's tyf cGo sfuhft tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
!#= a}+ssf] Network / Database k"0f{ ;'/lIft x'g' kg]{5 . k|fljlws Joj:yfkgdf s'g} ;d:of cfO{ lgIf]k
tyf e'QmfgL sf/f]af/ k|efljt eO{ Database Iflt ePdf ;f] Ifltsf] k"0f{ hjfkmb]lxtf ;DalGwt a}+s
tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] g} x'g]5 .
!$= Software Data nfO{ ;+:yfsf] s]Gb|Lo ;'rgf k|0ffnLdf tTsfn k|jfx / ;'rgf ljlgdo ug{ Joj:yf
ldnfpg' kg]{5 .
!%= 3'DtL a}+ls sf/f]af/ ug]{ ;DaGwL lg0f{o ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns ;ldltaf6
ePsf] x'g' kg]{5 .
!^= dfly plNnlvt zt{x?, cGo k|rlnt sfg'g / o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zgsf] clwgdf /xL o; a}+ssf]
k'j{:jLs[lt lnP/ dfq 3'DtL a}+ls ;]jf k|bfg ug{ ;lsg] 5 .
*= ;Lldt a}+ls OsfO{ -Limited Banking Outlets_ ;DaGwL Joj:yf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] ;Lldt a}+ls OsfO{ (Limited Banking Outlets) sf] ?kdf sfof{no -lgoldt
?kdf sd{rf/L v6fO{ jf tf]lsPsf] lbgdf sd{rf/L v6fO{ ;]jf k|bfg ug{]_ :yfkgf u/L b]xfosf] gLltut
Joj:yf tyf zt{x?sf] clwgdf /xL a}+ls ;]jfsf] kFx'r gk'u]sf -sf7df08f}+ pkTosf, b]zsf cGo pk
dxfgu/kflnsfgu/kflnsf afx]ssf_ If]qx?df ;Lldt a}+ls OsfO{ dfkm{t a}+ls ;]jf k|bfg ug{ ;Sg]
5g\ .
gLltut Joj:yf tyf zt{x?M
;Lldt a}+ls ;]jf pknAw u/fpg] ;DaGwL lg0f{o ;DalGwt ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns ;ldltaf6 ePsf] x'g'
kg]{5 .
;Lldt a}+ls OsfO{ dfkm{t ;]jf k|bfg ug{ rfxg] ;+:yfn] sf/f]af/ /sdsf] ;Ldf cfkm}+ lgwf{/0f ug{
;Sg] 5g\ .
;DalGwt ;+:yfn] of] ;]jf ;~rfng ubf{ cfOkg]{ ;'/Iff k|0ffnL nufotsf ;Dk"0f{ hf]lvd klxrfg /
Joj:yfkg cfkm}+n] ug{' kg]{5 .
;Lldt a}+ls ;]jf pknAw u/fOg] :yfgdf kof{Kt ;'/Iffsf] Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 .
;Lldt a}+ls OsfO{ ;]jfdf ;+nUg x'g] gub, dfu{:y gub -Cash in Transit_, ;jf/L ;fwg, sd{rf/L
tyf cGo ;DklQsf] aLdf u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 .
;Lldt a}+ls OsfO{ dfkm{t ;]jf pknAw u/fP afkt ljBdfg k|rlnt ;]jf z'Ns afx]s cGo s'g}klg
;]jfz'Ns ;]jfu|fxL;Fu lng kfOg] 5}g . sf/f]af/sf] ljj/0f / k|efj u|fxssf] vftfdf tTsfn emNsg]
Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 .
;Lldt a}+ls OsfO{sf] dfWodaf6 g]kfnL ?k}+ofdf dfq lgIf]k tyf e'QmfgL ;]jf k|bfg ug'{ kg]{5 /
cGt/f{li6o:t/df sf/f]af/ -Cross Border Transaction_ ug{ / e'QmfgL ;]jfdf j}b]lzs d'b|fsf] k|of]u
ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
;+:yfn] u|fxsnfO{ lgIf]k, e'QmfgL tyf shf{ ;DaGwL sf/f]af/ / cfGtl/s /]ld6\ofG; ;]jf pknAw
u/fpg] afx]ssf cGo ;]jf ;'ljwf k|bfg ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
;+:yfsf] Network / Database k"0f{ ;'/lIft x'g' kg]{5 . k|fljlws Joj:yfkgdf s'g} ;d:of cfO{ lgIf]k
tyf e'QmfgL sf/f]af/ k|efljt eO{ Database Iflt ePdf ;f] Ifltsf] k"0f{ hjfkmb]lxtf ;DalGwt
;+:yfsf] g} x'g]5 .
sf/f]af/ ;DkGg eP kZrft ;DalGwt glhssf] zfvf jf Parent zfvf jf s]Gb|Lo sfof{nodf
Software Data Transfer clgjfo{ u/L s]Gb|Lo ;'rgf k|0ffnLdf tTsfn k|jfx / ;'rgf ljlgdo ug{]
Joj:yf Pjd\ pko'Qm Backup sf] ;d]t Joj:yf u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 .

280
 o:tf] ;'ljwf tf]lsPsf] :yfgdf sDtLdf xKtfsf] @ lbg pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 .
;+:yfsf] cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f ljefun] ;Lldt a}+ls sf/f]af/nfO{ ;'/lIft agfpg lglZrt dfkb08
agfO{ cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0fdf ;f] ;DaGwL sf/f]af/nfO{ ;d]t ;d]6\g' kg]{5 .
sf/f]af/ ubf{ u|fxs klxrfg nufot ;DklQ z'l4s/0f ;DaGwL lgb]{zgsf] k"0f{ kl/kfngf u/]sf] x'g'
kg]{5 .
dfly plNnlvt zt{x?, cGo k|rlnt sfg'g / o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zgsf] clwgdf /xL o; a}+ssf]
k'j{:jLs[lt lnP/ dfq ;Lldt a}+ls ;]jf pknAw u/fpg ;lsg] 5 .
(= s ju{sf jfl0fHo a}+sxn] ljb]zdf zfvf sfof{no :yfkgf ug]{ ;DaGwdf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt s ju{sf jfl0fHo a}+sxn] lgDgfg';f/sf zt{ tyf dfkb08xsf] clwgdf /xL ljb]zdf
zfvf sfof{no :yfkgf ug]{ ;DaGwdf b]xfosf] gLltut tyf k|lqmofut Joj:yf sfod ul/Psf]] 5 .
zt{ tyf dfkb08x?
-!_ zfvf lj:tf/ ug{sf nflu k|:tfljt :yfg ljQLo?kn] ;DefJo /x]sf] :ynut cWoog k|ltj]bg
(Feasibility Study Report) k|:tfljt Joj;fosf] of]hgf, t'ngfTds nfutnfe ljZn]if0f
(Comparative Cost-benefit Analysis), Jofj;flos /0fgLlt tyf ;~rfng ug]{ sf/f]af/sf] lsl;d,
cfGtl/s lgoGq0f, hf]lvd Joj:yfkg / Host Country ;Fu g]kfnsf] lkIfLo ;DaGwsf] ljj/0f o;
a}+s ;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ s ju{sf] afl0fHo a}+sn] ljb]zdf zfvf vf]Ng cfj]bg k]z ubf{ Go'gtd r'Qmf k'FhL -xfn ?= @ ca{_
k'u]sf] x'g' kg]{5 .
-#_ h'g b]zdf zfvf sfof{no :yfkgf ul/g] xf], ;f] b]z (Host Country) sf] lgofds lgsfon] tf]s]sf]
k'FhL -Assigned Capital_ k'/f ug'{ kg]{5 / ;f] k'FhLsf] Joj:yfkg ul/g] ;|f]t ;d]t v'n]sf] ljj/0f
cfj]bgsf] ;fydf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-$_ h'g b]zdf zfvf sfof{no :yfkgf ul/g] xf], pQm b]zaf6 nfef+z (Dividend)d'gfkmfsf] ?kdf
ljb]zL d'b|fdf g]kfn leq\ofpg Pjd\ syd\sbflrt ljb]zl:yt zfvf sfof{no aGb ug'{ kg]{ cj:yf
cfPdf tf]lsPsf] k'FhL -Assigned Capital_ h'g ljb]zL d'b|fdf nluPsf] xf], ;f]xL ljb]zL d'b|fdf jf
kl/jTo{ ljb]zL d'b|fdf clgjfo{ kdf :jb]zdf lkmtf{ ug'{ kg]{ x'Fbf ;f] ;d]tsf ljifodf Host
Country sf] P]g tyf gLltut Joj:yfn] g/f]Sg] Joxf]/f k|dfl0ft x'g] sfuhft ;d]t k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-%_ o; a}saf6 Ohfhhkq k|bfg ubf{ tf]lsPsf zt{x? k'/f ug{'sf ;fy} ljb]zdf zfvf vf]Ng' cufl8sf]
q}dfl;s ljQLo ljj/0fdf o; a}+sn] tf]s]sf] k'FhLsf]if k'/f u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 .
-^_ ljb]zdf /x]sf] zfvf sfof{nodf ;'rgf cfbfg k|bfg ug{sf] nflu g]6jls{ (Networking) u/L jf
ljB'tLo dfWodjf6 s]Gb|Lo sfof{nosf] ;'rgf k|0ffnLdf tTsfn cfj4 x'g ;Sg] Joj:yf u/]sf] x'g'
kg]{5 .
-&_ 7Ls cl3Nnf] qodf;df lgliqmo shf{ (Non Performing Loan) kfFr k|ltzteGbf sd ePsf] x'g'
kg]{5 .
-*_ ljb]zdf zfvf sfof{no :yfkgf;~rfng ug]{ ;DaGwL lg0f{o ;DalGwt a}+ssf] ;~rfns ;ldltaf6
ug'{ kg]{5 . ;~rfns ;ldltn] lg0f{o u/]sf] ldltn] !% lbgleq ;f]sf] hfgsf/L o; a}+snfO{ u/fpg'
kg]{5 . o; a}+snfO{ hfgsf/L u/fPsf] Ps ;o aL; lbgleqdf :jLs[lt lbOg] 5 . ljb]zdf zfvf
sfof{no :yfkgfsf] :jLs[lt k|fKt u/]sf] ldltn] ^ dlxgfleqdf zfvf sfof{no vf]nL sf/f]af/
;~rfng ul/;Sg' kg]{5 . pQm tf]lsPsf] cjlwleq zfvf sfof{no ;~rfng ug{ g;s]gePdf
:jLs[lt :jtM /2 x'g]5 / k'gM :yfkgf ug{] :jLs[ltsf] nflu gofF k|lqmofaf6 lgj]bg k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-(_ o; a]}+ssf] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu / a}+s ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf k]z ug'{ kg]{ k|rlnt
Joj:yf adf]lhd ljQLo ljj/0fx?df ljb]zdf ;+rflnt zfvf sfof{nosf] ljQLo ljj/0f PsLs[t
-Consolidate_ tyf 5'} -Separately_ ;d]t k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-!)_ ljb]zdf zfvf sfof{no :yfkgf ug]{ s ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn]] o; a}+ssf] k'j{ :jLs[lt
lagf pQm zfvf sfof{no aGb ug{ jf :yfgfGt/0f ug{ jf ufEg kfpg] 5}gg\ .

281
 -!!_ ljb]zdf zfvf sfof{no :yfkgf ug]{ s ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ljb]zL zfvf sfof{nosf]
7]ufgf kl/jt{g ug{ jf :yfgfGt/0f ug{ rfx]df o; a}ssf] k'j{ :jLs[lt lng' kg]{5 .
-!@_ ljb]zdf zfvf vf]Ng rfxg] a}+sn] ;DalGwt Host Country n] tf]s]sf dfkb08 cg'?k No
Objection Letter k|fKt eP kZrft o; a}+sn] tf]s]sf] zt{ tyf gLltut Joj:yfx?sf] kfngf
u/]kl5 o; a}+sn] No Objection Letter k|bfg ug]{5 .
-!#_ ljb]zdf zfvf vf]Ng rfxg] a}+sn] ;DalGwt Host Country sf] lgofds ;+:yfsf] lgb]{zg / o;
a}+sn] tf]s] adf]lhdsf] k'FhLsf] ljj/0f / k'FhL kof{Kttf ;b}j k'/f u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 .
-!$_ ljb]zl:yt zfvfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu tf]lsPsf] k'FhL -Assigned Capital_ afx]ssf] s'g} klg /sd jf
kl/jTo{ ljb]zL d'b|f ljb]z n}hfg kfOg] 5}g .
-!%_ ljb]zl:yt zfvfn] u/]sf] Jofj;flos sfd sf/jfxLsf] ;Dk"0f{ bfloTj k'/f ug{ cfjZos x'g] /sd
tyf cGo s'g} klg bfloTj /fi6 a}+sn] dfu u/]sf] avt pknAw u/fpg] 5f}+ egL g]kfndf /x]sf]
d'Vo sDkgL -Parent Company_ sf] ;~rfns ;ldltn] u/]sf] lnlvt k|lta4tf o; a}+sdf k]z
ug'{ kg]{5 .
-!^_ ljb]zl:yt zfvfsf] ;Dk"0f{ sf/f]af/x?sf] lgodg / ;'kl/j]If0f ug]{ clwsf/ g]kfn /fi6 a}+s / Host
Country sf] lgofds / ;'kl/j]Ifsdf cGtlg{lxt /xg]5 . k|rlnt Joj:yf adf]lhd To:tf
zfvfx?sf] cfjlws ?kdf u}/ :ynut -Off-site_ tyf :ynut -On-site_ ;'kl/j]If0f sfo{ lgoldt
?kdf ul/g]5 . ;f] ;'kl/j]If0fsf] sfo{sf] nflu ;DalGwt a}+sn] ;+:yfut 9+un] g} ;'kl/j]IfsnfO{
;xof]u ug'{ kg]{5 .
-!&_ g]kfn /fi6 a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?nfO{ hf/L ul/Psf] lgb]{zg, kl/kq,
dfu{bz{g OToflb -cGoyf pNn]v ul/Psf] cj:yfdf afx]s_ ljb]zl:yt zfvfsf] xsdf ;d]t nfu"
x'g]5 . To:tf zfvfx?sf] nflu s'g} ljz]if Joj:yf ug'{ k/]df jf lgsfzf lbg' k/]df g]kfn /fi6
a}+sn] cfjZostfg';f/ ug{ ;Sg]5 . gLltut lgb]{zg tyf sfg'gsf] kfngf gu/]df k|rlnt /fli6o
tyf cGt/f{li6o k|rng cg';f/ sf/jfxL / b08 hl/jfgf ul/g] 5 .
-!*_ ljb]zdf zfvf sfof{no :yfkgf ug]{ s ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn]] o; k|of]hgsf] nflu cfj]bg
lb+bf tf]lsPsf] 9fFrfdf kmf/fd e/L btf{ z'Ns afkt ?= b'O{ nfv -lkmtf{ gx'g]_ sf] g]=/f=a}+=
gf=gf]=cf=lx;fadf hDdf u/]sf] ef}r/sf] cw{sL ;d]t k]z u/L cfj]bg lbg' kg]{5 .
-!(_ ljb]zdf zfvf sfof{no ;~rfng ubf{ ckgfOg] a}+ls sfo{ljlw, shf{ lgb]{lzsf nufotsf sfuhft
oyf;do o; a}+sdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . Host Country sf] lgofds jf ;'kl/j]Ifsn] nufPsf] b08,
h/Ljfgf tyf ;'zf;g ;DaGwL sf/jfxLsf] hfgsf/L !% lbgleq o; a}+ssf] lgodg ljefu /
;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@)_ ljb]zdf zfvf sfof{no ;~rfng ubf{ ;DklQ z'l4s/0f lgjf/0f P]gsf] kl/kfngf k"0f{ ?kn]
ug'{u/fpg' kg]{5 .
!)= zfvfsfof{no ;DaGwL lgb]{zgsf] kfngf gu/]df x'g] sf/jfxL
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn]] zfvfsfof{no ;DaGwL o; lgb]{zgsf] kfngf gu/L zfvf sfof{no vf]nL
;~rfng u/]df g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* adf]lhd b]xfosf sf/jfxL ul/g]5,
!_ k|lqmof tyf zt{ k'/f gu/L vf]lnPsf zfvf tTsfn} aGb ul/g] / cfufdL @ jif{;Dd yk zfvf vf]Ng
gkfOg] .
@_ k|lqmof tyf zt{ k'/f gu/L zfvf sfof{no ;~rfng ug]{ lg0f{odf ;+NfUg ;~rfnsx?nfO{ g]kfn
/fi6 a}s P]g @)%*, sf] bkmf !)) -@_ adf]lhdsf] sf/jfxL / ;hfo x'g] .
#_ a}s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)^# / k|rlnt cGo sfg'g adf]lhd s'g} klg sf/jfxL ug{
;lsg] .
!!= vf/]hL / jrfpm
-!_ o; a}+saf6 o;cl3 hf/L ul/Psf b]xfosf lgb]{zgx? vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 M

282
 PsLs[t lgb]{zg, @)&# sf] zfvfsfof{no ;DaGwL Joj:yf O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= !$)&# af6 hf/L
ul/Psf] lgb]{zg tyf ;f] kZrft ldlt @)&$ ;fpg ( ut] ;Dd hf/L ePsf o;} ljifo;Fu ;DalGwt
;Dk"0f{ kl/kqx? .
-@_ pka'Fbf -!_ adf]lhd vf/]h ul/Psf lgb]{zg tyf kl/kq adf]lhd eP u/]sf sfd sf/jfxL o;}
lgb]{zg adf]lhd eP u/]sf] dflgg]5 .

283
 cg';"rL !$=!
zfvfsfof{no vf]Ng] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] g]kfn /fi6 a}+saf6 :jLs[ltsf] nflu k]z ug'{ kg]{ lgj]bgsf] 9fFrf
>L g]kfn /fi6 a}+s ldltM =======================
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu
afn'jf6f/, sf7df8f}+ .
ljifoM zfvf sfof{no vf]Ng] :jLs[lt af/] .
dxfzo,
To; a}+ssf] PsLs[t lgb]{zg g+= !$)&@ n] tf]s]sf zt{x?sf] k"0f{ kfngf u/L b]xfo adf]lhdsf] :yfgdf zfvf
sfof{noPS6]G;g sfof{no vf]Ng] u/L o; a}+ssf] ;~rfns ;ldltsf] lg0f{o g+= ===== ldlt =================== af6 lg0f{o ePsf] x'Fbf
ToxfFsf] :jLs[ltsf] nflu cg'/f]w ub{5f}+ .
!= a}+sljQLo ;+:yfsf] gfd, 7]ufgf M
@= k|:tfljt zfvf :yfkgf ul/g] :yfg, lhNnfsf] gfd, 7]ufgf M
#= ;+:yfsf] ljj/0f
-s_ g]kfn /fi6 a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt ldlt M
-v_ ljQLo sf/f]af/ ;~rfng u/]sf] ldlt M
-u_ ;+:yfsf] 7Ls cl3Nnf] qodf;sf] r'Qmf k'FhL M
-3_ ;+:yfsf] s'n shf{ /sd M
-_ kl5Nnf] cf=j= sf] clGtd n]vfkl/Ifsjf6 k|dfl0ft s'n lgliqmo shf{ /sd / k|ltzt M
-r_ xfn;Dd ;~rfngdf /x]sf zfvf ;+Vof M
-5_ gofF zfvf sfof{no vf]n]kl5 x'g] zfvf ;+Vof M
-h_ @)^$ r}td;fGtkl5 vf]lnPsf zfvfsf] ljj/0f -qmdfg';f/_
c_ sf7df8f}+ pkTosf aflx/sf] ljj/0f M
cf_ sf7df8f}+ pkTosfleqsf] ljj/0f M
O_ tf]lsPsf !& lhNnfxdWo]sf] ljj/0f M
O{_ u ju{sf] xsdf sf7df08f} pkTosf afx]ssf @ j6feGbf sd a}+ls OsfO{ ePsf] :yfgdf vf]n]sf zfvfsf]
ljj/0f M
$= k|:tfljt zfvfsf] nflu tf]lsPsf] / yk u/L x'g] s'n r'Qmf k'FhLsf] ljj/0f -u ju{sf] nflu_ M
%= k|:tfljt zfvfsf] nflu sf7df8f}+ pkTosf aflx/ vf]lnPsf zfvfsf] ljj/0f M
s_ tf]lsPsf !$ lhNnfxleq M
v_ tf]lsPsf !$ lhNnfx afx]s cGoq M
^= zfvf sfof{nos]Gb|Lo sfof{no;Fu ;'rgf cfbfg k|bfgsf] nflu Joj:yf ul/Psf] ;'rgf k|ljlw (Networking) sf] ljj/0fM
&= ;j{;fwf/0f ;]o/ hf/L u/]sf] ldlt M
*= q}dfl;s k'FhLsf]ifsf] k|ltzt M
qodf; k|fylds k'FhL k|ltzt k'FhLsf]if k|ltzt
@)&== c;f/
@)&== c;f]h
@)&== k';
@)&== r}t
(= k'FhL of]hgf adf]lhdg]kfn /fi6 a}+ssf] lgb]{zg adf]lhd kl5Nnf] cf=a= sf] cGTodf,
-s_ k'/f x'g' kg]{ r'Qmf k'FhL M
-v_ xfn sfod /x]sf] r'Qmf k'FhL M
!)= ;+:yfsf] sfo{If]qsf] ljj/0f M
!!= zfvf sfof{no vf]Ng] lg0f{odf ;+nUg /x]sf kbflwsf/Lx?sf] ljj/0f,
-s_ ;~rfns ;ldltsf kbflwsf/Lx? M
-v_ k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[tsDkgL ;lrj M
gf]6M ;DefJotf cWoog k|ltj]bgdf lgb]{zgdf plNnlvt ljifox? clgjfo{?kdf pNn]v ug'{ kg]{ .
;fy}, o; a}sn] zfvf sfof{no ;~rfng ug]{ ldltdf ;d]t dfly plNnlvt ;Dk"0f{ zt{ tyf Joj:yfx? kfngf ug]{5f} . dfly
plNnlvt ljj/0fx? 7Ls ;fFrf] xf], s'g} ljj/0fdf km/s k/]df k|rlnt sfg'g tyf To; a}+ssf] PsLs[t lgb]{zg g+= !$)&) df
tf]lsP adf]lhdsf] ;hfosf/jfxL ePdf d~h'/L ePsf] Joxf]/f cjut u/fpFb5f}+ .

284
 cg';"rL !$=@

z'Go Aofhb/df shf{ k|jfx ;DaGwL k|lqmofut Joj:yf, @)^&

z"\Go Aofh b/df k|bfg ul/g] shf{ ;DaGwdf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] pkl:ylt Go'g /x]sf tf]lsPsf !& lhNnfsf
;b/d'sfddf zfvf vf]n]df ?=%) nfv / ;b/d'sfd aflx/ vf]n]df ?=! s/f]8 shf{ lbg] ;DaGwdf b]xfo adf]lhdsf]
k|lqmofut Joj:yf th{'df ul/Psf] 5 M
!= lgj]bg;fy x'g'kg{] sfuhft / of]Uotf
-s_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] pkl:ylt Go'g /x]sf tf]lsPsf !& lhNnfsf ;b/d'sfd tyf ;b/d'sfdeGbf
aflx/ :yfkgf x'g] zfvfx?sf] nflu dfq a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] of] ;'ljwf dfu ug{ ;Sg]5g\ .
-v_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns ;ldltn] shf{ lng] ;DaGwdf u/]sf] lg0f{osf] k|dfl0ft k|ltlnkL k]z
ug{' kg{]5 .
-u_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;DalGwt zfvfsf] kl5Nnf] ljQLo l:yltsf] ljj/0f k]z ug{' kg{]5 .
@= o:tf] shf{sf] ;'/If0f lgDglnlvt s'g} klg jf ;a} hfoh]yf tyf ;'/If0fkqx? /xg] 5g\ .
-s_ g]kfn ;/sf/af6 hf/L ePsf C0fkqx? .
-v_ ;f] ;+:yfsf] o; a}+ssf] yfkfynLl:yt a}+ls sfof{no jf cGo sfof{nox?df k|of]hg v'nfO{ jf gv'nfO{
vf]lnPsf] a}+s vftfdf /x]sf] df}Hbft /sd .
-u_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] shf{ ln+bf tof/ ul/Psf] shf{ td;'s -cg";"rL !$=#_.
#= shf{sf] e'QmfgL ;DaGwL Joj:yf
-s_ o:tf] shf{sf] ;fFjfsf] e'QmfgL ;f] shf{ k|jfx ePsf] ldltn] ^ dlxgfleq clgjfo{?kdf ug'{kg]{5 .
-v_ shf{ ;'ljwf e'QmfgL cjlw cl3 g} k'j{e'QmfgL (Pre-payment) ;d]t ug{ ;lsg] 5 .
-u_ of] shf{ pkef]u u/]sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] ;fFjf e'StfgL Dofb ;dfKt ePsf] lbg ;f] /sd
e'StfgL gu/]df g]kfn /fi6 a}+sl:yt ;DalGwt ;+:yfsf] h'g;'s} vftf vr{ n]vL shf{ c;'npk/
ul/lng / ;f] sf] vr{ -Debit_ ug]{ clVtof/L g]kfn /fi6 a}+snfO{ x'g]5 . o;df kl5 s'g} ph'/L jf bfjL
nfUg] 5}g .
-3_ lgwf{l/t ;doleq shf{ e'StfgL gu/]df e'QmfgL x'g afFsL /sddf ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] ;f]
cjlwdf k|sflzt u/]sf] shf{ tyf ;fk6sf] clwstd Aofhb/ g} k]gfn Aofhb/ x'g]5 .
$= ljljw Joj:yf
g]kfn /fi6 a}+sn] k|bfg u/]sf] z'Go Aofhb/sf] shf{ ;'ljwfsf] ;DaGwdf ;do ;dodf cGo ljj/0f dfu]sf]
v08df tf]lsPsf] Dofbleq C0fL a}+sn] pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 .

285
 cg';"rL !$=#
-z'Go Aofhb/sf] shf{ td;'ssf] gd"gf_

lnlvtd wgLsf gfd sf=lh= sf=d=g=kf= j8f g+= !! yfkfynLl:yt g]kfn /fi6 a}+s, a}ls sfof{no cfu] ;f] /sd
C0f lng] C0fLsf] gfd ====================================s]Gb|Lo sfof{no /x]sf]========================================= lnld6]8n]
g]kfn /fi6 a}+saf6 z'Go Aofhb/df shf{ k|bfg ug{] ;DaGwdf g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf $( n] u/]sf]
Joj:yf cGtu{t g]kfn /fi6 a}+s;Fu cfhsf ldltdf ?= ============ ==========-cIf/]kL ================================================
============== dfq_ shf{ lnPsf] 7Ls ;fFrf] xf] . pQm shf{ lnPsf] /sdafkt C0fLn] cfgf] lgDg adf]lhdsf]] a}+sn]
shf{sf] nflu o; a}+snfO{ n]lvlbPsf] td;'snfO{ shf{ ;'ljwfsf] nflu lwtf] ;'/If0fsf] ?kdf /flvlbPsf 5f}+ . tkl;n
adf]lhdsf] lwtf] ljj/0f tyf zt{x? / o; ;DaGwdf g]kfn /fi6 a}+saf6 hf/L ljBdfg gLltut Joj:yf tyf g]kfn
/fi6 a}+sn] ;do ;dodf tf]s]sf] zt{dfkb08 kfngf ug]{5f}+ . zt{x? kfngf gu/]df pQm lwtf] tyf C0fL a}+ssf]
cGo rncrn ;DklQ ;d]taf6 pQm /sd c;'n u/L lng' egL a}+ssf] ;~rfns ;ldltsf] lg0f{o;xdlt ;d]t
/x]sf]n] g]kfn /fi6 a}+s, a}+ls sfof{no, yfkfynL, sf7df8f}+df a;L of] td;'s n]vL wgL g]kfn /fi6 a}+sdf r9fof}+ .
tkl;n
zt{x?M
!= a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] pkl:ylt Go'g /x]sf tf]lsPsf !$ lhNnfdf :yfkgf x'g] zfvfx?sf] nflu dfq
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] of] ;'ljwf pkof]u u/L ;~rfng vr{ k|of]hgsf nflu vr{ ug{ kfOg] 5 .
@= z'Go Aofhb/sf] shf{ ;'ljwf cGtu{tsf] shf{sf] ;fFjf e'QmfgL shf{ k|fKt ePsf] ldltn] ^ dlxgfleq
clgjfo{?kdf ug'{kg]{5 . shf{ ;'ljwf e'QmfgL cjlw cl3 g} k'j{e'QmfgL -Pre-payment_ ;d]t ug{
;lsg]5 . of] shf{ pkef]u u/]sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] ;fFjf e'StfgL Dofb ;dfKt ePsf] lbg ;f]
/sd e'StfgL gu/]df g]kfn /fi6 a}+sl:yt ;DalGwt ;+:yfsf] h'g;'s} vftf vr{ n]vL shf{ c;'npk/
ul/lng / ;f] sf] vr{ (Debit_ ug]{ clVtof/L g]kfn /fi6 a}+snfO{ lbOPsf] 5 . o;df kl5 s'g} ph'/L jf
bfjL ul/g] 5}g .
#= lgwf{l/t ;doleq shf{ e'Stfg gu/]df e'Qmfg x'g afFsL /sddf ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] ;f]
cjlwdf k|sflzt u/]sf] shf{ tyf ;fk6sf] clwstd Aofhb/ g} k]gfn Aofhb/ x'g]5 . g]kfn /fi6 a}+sn] C0fL
a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] s'g} klg vftf vr{ -Debit_ u/L /sd c;'npk/ ug{ ;Sg]5 .
$= z'Go Aofhb/sf] of] shf{sf] ;'/If0fjfkt g]kfn ;/sf/af6 hf/L ePsf C0fkqx?, /jf ;f] ;+:yfsf] o;
a}+ssf] yfkfynLl:yt a}+ls sfof{no jf cGo sfof{nox?df k|of]hg v'nfO{ jf gv'nfO{ vf]lnPsf] a}+s vftfdf
/x]sf] df}Hbft /sd tyf Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] shf{ ln+bf tof/ ul/Psf] shf{ td;'s .
%= g]kfn /fi6 a}+sn] k|bfg u/]sf] z'Go Aofhb/sf] shf{ ;'ljwfsf] ;DaGwdf ;do ;dodf cGo ljj/0f dfu]sf]
v08df tf]lsPsf] Dofbleq C0fL a}+sn] pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 .
^= C0f k|of]u ;DaGwdf o;};fy ;+nUg gLltut zt{ tyf dfkb08x? kfngf ug]{ k|lta4tf JoQm ul/Psf] 5 . ;f]
adf]lhd gu/]df g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g / cGo k|rlnt sfg'g cg';f/ ;hfo
ePdf d~h'/L 5 .
g]kfn /fi6 a}+ssf] tk{maf6 a}+sljQLo ;+:yfsf] tk{maf6 k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t
b:tvt M b:tvt M
gfd M gfd M
kb M kb M
5fk M 5fk M
ljefusfof{no M ljefusfof{no M

Olt ;Dat\ @)==== ;fn ============ dlxgf =======ut] /f]h ======= z'ed\

286
 cg';"rL !$=$
ufpF lasf; ;ldlt tyf gu/kflnsfsf] ;"rL

lhNnf UffpF lasf; ;ldlt tyf gu/kflnsf

k;f{ uf=la=;=
cd/k66L, le:jf, wf]/], 3f]8fbf}8f lkk/f, hod+unk'/, hfgsL6f]nf, emf}jfu'7L, dxfb]jk66L,
nfxfj/ys/L, lj>fdk'/, ldhf{k'/, lgd{na:tL, k|;f}gL ef7f, lk8f/Lu'7L, ;a}7jf, ;demf}tf, 7f]/L
nufotsf l;dfjtL{ uf=la=;=x?
af/f gu/klnsf
l;d|f}gu+9 gu/kflnsf
uf=la=;=
a8sLkm'njl/of, auxL, a;Gtk'/, a]Nbf/L, a]gf}nL, a/}gLof, la>fdk'/, 5tjf, lem6s}of blIf0f,
sjxLuf]9, srf]jf{, dl6cjf{, ksl8of lrsgL, lkk/kftL kr{/f}jf nufotsf l;dfjtL{ uf=la=;=x?
/f}tx6 gu/klnsf
uf}/ gu/kflnsf
uf=la=;=
cf}/}of, aGhf/xf, a|Xdfk'/, hf]xjf, nIdLk'/ a]nlj5jf, dl7of, g/sl6ofu'+7L, /fhb]jL, /fdk'/vfk,
;/d'hjf nufotsf l;dfjtL{ uf=la=;=x?
;nf{xL gu/klnsf
dn+ujf gu/kflnsf
uf=la=;=
cgf{xf, axfb'/k'/, anf/f, af/f pWof]/0f, a]NjfhAbL, ef8;/, xlycf}n, v'6fgf, dw'agL, gf/fo0fk'/,
gf]s}njf, k;f{, ;+u|fdk'/, ;qmf}n, l;d/f lqe'jggu/ nufotsf l;dfjtL{ uf=la=;=x?
dxf]Q/L gu/klnsf
hn]Zj/ gu/kflnsf
uf=la=;=
aygfxf, O6xjf{sL, u}9fe]6k'/, v}/aGgL, dl6xfgL, g}GxL, k;f{ kt]nL, kf]v/le+9f ;+u|fdk'/,
/3'gfyk'/, ;D;L, ;'uf ejfgL, l;;jf s6}of nufotsf l;dfjtL{ uf=la=;=x?
wg'iff uf=la=;=
a}x]8fa]nf, afNxfuf]7, b]jl8xf, wgf}hL, b'xjL, Ogjf{, O6xjf{, , nudf u9fu'7L, dx'jf -k|v]_,
d'lvofk6L, gu/fOg, 7f9Llememf, t'N;LofxL hJbL nufotsf l;dfjtL{ uf=la=;=x?
l;/xf gu/klnsf
l;/xf gu/kflnsf
uf=la=;=
cf}/xL, jl/ofkL, xs{L, Ogjf{, Of6f/, hfgsLgu/, sRgf/L, nu8L u8LofgL, nu8L uf]9,
gj/fhk'/, zfgx}yf nufotsf l;dfjtL{ uf=la=;=x?
;Kt/L uf=la=;=
cf}/xL, ag}lgof, a]NxL, e'txL, l5Ggd:tf, b]p/L, kmls/f, uf]j/uf9f, em'6sL, sfrg, nfnfk66L,
df}jfxf, /fdgu/, /fdk'/ dNxlgofF, t/xL, ltnf7L nufotsf l;dfjtL{ uf=la=;=x?

287
 g]kfn /fi6 a}+s
s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu

O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= !%)&$

Aofhb/ ;DaGwL Joj:yf .

o; a}+saf6 s, v / u ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] lgIf]kdf k|bfg ug]{ / shf{ tyf ;fk6df lng]
Aofhb/ ;DaGwdf g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf &( n] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L b]xfosf] lgb]{zg hf/L
ul/Psf] 5 .
!= Aofhb/ ;DaGwL Joj:yf M
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] lgIf]kdf lbg] / shf{ tyf ;fk6df lng] Aofhb/, Aofh u0fgf ljlw, xhf{gf nufpg]
ljlw, ;]jf z'Ns / sldzg b/ ;DaGwdf k|rlnt sfg"g tyf o; Joj:yfdf tf]lsPsf zt{ tyf
dfkb08x?sf] kfngf u/L cfkm+}n] lgwf{/0f ug{ ;Sg]5g\ . o;/L Aofhb/ lgwf{/0f ubf{ lgDg Joj:yfsf]
kfngf ug'{ kg]{5 M
-!_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] lgIf]ksf] Aofhb/ cfkm} to ug{ ;Sg]5g\ . t/, dfu tyf cNk;"rgfdf
cfwfl/t lgIf]k -Call Deposit_ sf] xsdf art vftfdf k|bfg ul/g] Go"gtd Aofhb/ eGbf a9L
Aofh k|bfg ug{ kfOg] 5}g\ . o:tf vftfx?df r]s hf/L ug{ kfOg] 5}g . Call Deposit afx]s cGo
lgIf]ksf] xsdf k|sflzt Aofhb/df z'Go bzdnj kfFr k|ltzt laGb';Dd a9fpg ;Sg]5g\ .
t/,
-s_ cIfosf]if jf % jif{ eGbfa9L e'QmfgL cjlw ePsf]] d'2tL lgIf]kdf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf /
u|fxsaLrsf] cfk;L ;xdltsf] cfwf/df Aofhb/ sfod ug{ ;lsg]5 .
-v_ af]nsaf]n -Bidding_ sf] cfwf/df ;+sng x'g] ;+:yfut d'2tL lgIf]ksf] xsdf k|sflzt
Aofhb/df @ k|ltzt;Dd Aofhb/ yk u/L lgIf]k ;+sng ug{ ;lsg]5 .
-@_ o;} lgb]{zgsf] a'Fbf g+=@ df pNn]lvt cfwf/ b/ tyf lk|ldod b/ ;DaGwL Joj:yf adf]lhd shf{
tyf ;fk6sf] Aofhb/ ;DaGwdf lg0f{o tyf k|sfzg u/L nfu" ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ u|fxsn] rfx]sf] jvt hlxn]klg lemSg kfpg] u/L d'2tL vftfdf lgIf]k :jLsf/ ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
-$_ shf{ tyf ;fk6sf] Aofhb/ lgwf{/0f ubf{ lgIf]kdf lbg] / shf{ tyf ;fk6df lng] Aofhb/ aLrsf]
cf};t cGt/ % k|ltzt eGbf a9L gx'g] u/L ug'{ kg]{5 . cf};t Aofhb/ cGt/ u0fgf ;DaGwdf
b]xfosf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 .
-c_ cg';"rL !%=@ adf]lhdsf] ;'qaf6 k|To]s dlxgf cf};t Aofhb/ cGt/ u0fgf u/L cfgf]
j]a;fO6df k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 . ;fy} k|To]s qodf;sf] ljQLo ljj/0f / Aofhb/ ;DaGwL
ljj/0f k|sfzg ubf{ clgjfo{ ?kdf cf};t Aofhb/ cGt/ ;d]t k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 .
-cf_ o; Joj:yf adf]lhd k|sfzg ul/Psf] cf};t Aofhb/ cGt/ u0fgf ;DaGwL ljj/0f lgb]{zg
kmf=g+= !%=@ adf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf e/L a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu, ;DalGwt
;'kl/j]If0f ljefu / cg';Gwfg ljefudf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
@= cfwf/ b/ ;DaGwL Joj:yf M
-!_ shf{ tyf ;fk6sf] Aofhb/ lgwf{/0f ubf{ cfwf/ b/ -Base Rate_ ;Fu cfj4 ug'{ kg]{5 . ;fy},
k'g/tflnsLs/0f jf k'g/;+/rgf ul/g] shf{sf] Aofhb/ ;d]t cfwf/ b/nfO{ cfwf/ dfgL lgwf{/0f ug'{
kg]{5 .

288
-@_ cfwf/ b/;Fu cfa4 u/L shf{ tyf ;fk6sf] Aofhb/ lgwf{/0f ubf{ pQm b/df s] slt lk|ldod b/
yk ul/Psf] xf], ;f] :ki6 ug{' kg]{5 . pbfx/0fsf nflu s'g} a}+sn] o; Joj:yf adf]lhd cf]e/8f6
shf{sf] Aofhb/ lgwf{/0f ubf{ cfwf/ b/df @ b]lv $ k|ltzt ljGb'n] lk|ldod yk ug]{ ePdf
lgDgfg';f/ Aofhb/ to ug'{ kg]{5 M
cf]e/8f6 shf{df Aofhb/ = cfwf/ b/ + @ b]lv $ k|ltzt ljGb'
-#_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] shf{ tyf ;fk6sf] Aofhb/ k|sfzg ubf{ ;d]t cfwf/ b/df yk x'g] lk|ldod
b/ :ki6 x'g] u/L k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 .
-$_ cfwf/ b/sf ;DaGwdf lgDgfg';f/sf] yk Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 .
-s_ ;+nUg cg';"rL !%=! sf] cfwf/ b/ lgwf{/0f ;DaGwL sfo{ljlw, @)^( adf]lhd dfl;s ?kn]
cfwf/ b/ u0fgf u/L lgb]{zg kmf=g+= !%=! adf]lhdsf] 9fFrfsf] ljj/0f dlxgf ;dfKt ePsf]
!% lbgleq ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefu tyf cg';Gwfg ljefudf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . ;fy}, pQm
cfwf/ b/nfO{ cfgf] j]a;fO6 dfkm{t\ ;d]t k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 .
-v_ cfwf/ b/df hltn] kl/jt{g x'G5, ;f]xL a/fa/n] dfq shf{sf] Aofhb/ ;dfof]hg ug{
;Sg]5g\ . Aofhb/ ;dfof]hg ubf{ q}dfl;s ?kn] ug'{ kg]{5 . t/ u|fxs;Fu ul/Psf]
;Demf}tfkqdf v'nfO{ cw{aflif{s jf aflif{s ?kn] Aofhb/ ;dfof]hg ug{ eg] o; Joj:yfn]
jfwf kg]{ 5}g .
-%_ shf{ tyf ;fk6sf] Aofhb/ lgwf{/0f ubf{ cfwf/ b/df yk x'g] lk|ldod b/sf ;DaGwdf lgDgfg';f/sf]
Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 .
-s_ shf{sf] k|sf/ tyf e'QmfgL cjlwsf cfwf/df 5'f5} lk|ldod b/ to u/L sDtLdf q}dfl;s
?kdf shf{ tyf ;fk6sf] Aofhb/ lgwf{/0f tyf k|sfzg ug{' kg]{5 . o;/L Aofhb/ k|sfzg
ubf{ lk|ldod b/nfO{ kl/dfh{g ug{ ;Sg]5g\ .
-v_ shf{ k|jfx ubf{ cfwf/ b/df yk x'g] lk|ldod b/sf ;DaGwdf lg0f{o lnO{ ;f] lk|ldod b/nfO{
C0fLnfO{ lbOg] ckm/ n]6/df :ki6 pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 . lk|ldod b/sf ;DaGwdf lg0f{o ln+bf
shf{sf] nflu cfj]bg k|fKt x'Fbfsf] jvt k|sflzt lk|ldod b/ eGbf a9L lg0f{o ug{ kfOg]
5}g .
-u_ Psk6s lk|ldod b/sf] ;DaGwdf lg0f{o lnO{ C0fLnfO{ lbOg] ckm/ n]6/df ;f] b/ :ki6
pNn]v u/L shf{ k|jfx u/] kZrft\ C0fLsf] ;xdlt ljgf ;f] b/nfO{ a9fP/ Aofhb/ kl/dfh{g
ug{ kfpg] 5}g . t/ C0fLn] shf{sf] ;fFjf tyf Aofh ;dod} e'QmfgL gu/]sf], h'g p2]Zosf]
nflu shf{ lnPsf] xf], ;f] p2]Zodf shf{ k|of]u gu/]sf], lwtf] ;DklQdf xfgL gf]S;fgL k'ofpg]
sfo{ u/]sf] nufot shf{sf cGo zt{x? kfngf gu/]sf] cj:yfdf ckm/ n]6/df tf]lsP
adf]lhdsf] k]gfN6L b/ yk ug{ of] Joj:yfn] afwf k'ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
-3_ C0fLn] lng] yk shf{ jf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] k|jfx ug]{ gofF shf{sf] xsdf gofF k|sflzt
lk|ldod b/ nfu' x'g]5 .
-_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] o;cl3 k|jflxt s'g} shf{sf] ;Gbe{df C0fLnfO{ lbPsf] shf{ k|:tfj
kqdf (Offer letter) lk|ldod b/ :ki6 pNn]v gu/L l;w} Aofhb/ tf]s]sf] ePdf To:tf]
shf{x?sf] xsdf ckm/ n]6/df tf]lsPsf] Aofhb/ / shf{ k|jfxsf] jvt sfod /x]sf]
;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] cfwf/ b/ aLrsf] cGt/nfO{ g} lk|ldod b/sf] ?kdf lng'
kg]{5 . t/, C0fL;Fu k'gM ;Demf}tf u/L k'gM lk|ldod b/ sfod ug{ o; Joj:yfn] afwf kg]{
5}g .
-r_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] shf{ tyf ;fk6sf] Aofhb/ lgwf{/0f ug]{ qmddf cfwf/ b/df yk ul/g]
lk|ldod b/ to ubf{ Aofhb/ cGt/ ;DaGwL o;} lgb]{zgsf] a'Fbf g+= ! sf] pka'Fbf g+= $ sf]
Joj:yfnfO{ k"0f{ kfngf ug'{ kg]{5 .
-^_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] O=k|f= lgb]{zg g++ !&)&# -ljkGg ju{df k|jfx ug'{kg]{ shf{ ;DaGwL Joj:Yff_
adf]lhd h]i7 gful/s, blnt, d'Qm sd}of, jfbL, xlnof, G lkl8t, Psn dlxnf tyf km/s ?kn]
;Ifd JolQmnfO{ k|jfx ug]{ ljkGg ju{ shf{sf] Aofh b/df sDtLdf Ps k|ltzt laGb'n] ;x'lnot lbg]
Joj:yf ldnfpg' kg]{5 .

289
#= Aofhb/ ;DaGwL cGo Joj:yfx? M
-!_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfaf6 k|jflxt shf{;fk6df q}dfl;s ?kdf Aofh c;'n ug]{ u/]sf] cj:yfdf
art vftfdf klg sDtLdf ## dlxgfdf Aofh k|bfg ug]{ u/L hDdf u/fO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
lgIf]kstf{nfO{ lbg] Aofh ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] lgIf]k bfloTjdf Aofh k|bfg ug]{ gLlt
adf]lhd ;fKtflxs, dfl;s, q}dfl;s jf cGo h'g cjlwsf] cfwf/df Aofh u0fgf ug]{ xf] ;f]
cjlwsf] sDtLdf cf};t df}Hbft -Average Deposit Balance_ df k|bfg ug'{ kg]{5 .
l6Kk0fLM cf};t lgIf]k df}Hbft eGgfn] b}lgs sf/f]af/ ;dflKt kZrft\ sfod x'g cfPsf] b}lgs
clGtd df}Hbft -Closing Balance_ sf] cf};t eGg] ;Demg' k5{ -pbfx/0fsf] nflu Ohfhtkqk|fKt
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] shf{ tyf ;fk6sf] aSof}tf /sddf Aofh u0fgf ug]{ ljlw h;/L
cjnDag u/]sf 5g\ ;f]xL ljlw adf]lhdsf] Aofh u0fgf ug{'u/fpg' kg]{5_ .
-@_ shf{ tyf ;fk6df k|fKt x'g'kg]{ AofhnfO{ gub k|flKtsf] cfwf/df dfq cfDbfgL hgfpg' kg]{5 .
kfs]sf] t/ gubdf c;'n x'g g;s]sf] AofhnfO{ h'g jif{df c;'n ePsf] xf] ;f]xL jif{df dfq
cfDbfgL hgfO{ lx;fj ldnfg ug'{ kg]{5 . ;DalGwt cjlwe/df kfs]sf] AofhnfO{ kfpg' kg] { Aofh
lx;fj df vr{ n]vL Aofh d'NtaL lx;fj df hDdf ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ lgIf]kdf lbg] / shf{ tyf ;fk6df lng] Aofhb/ ;+zf]wg ug]{ jf rNtL tyf art vftfdf sfod
ug'{kg]{ Go"gtd df}Hbft /sddf yk36 ug]{ lg0f{o u/]df ;f] lg0f{o ePsf] nut} / ;fljss} Aofhb/
sfod /xg] cj:yfdf ;d]t q}dfl;s ?kn] kqklqsf dfkm{t\ k|sfzg u/L ;j{;fwf/0f
lgIf]kstf{x?nfO{ ;"lrt ug'{ kg]{5 . kqklqsfdf k|sfzg ubf{ /fli6o:t/sf] ;+:yfn] /fli6o :t/sf]
kqklqsf dfkm{t\ / If]qLo tyf lhNnf:t/Lo ;+:yfsf] xsdf qmdzM sDtLdf If]qLo tyf lhNnf:t/Lo
kqklqsf dfkm{t\ ug'{ kg]{5 .
-$_ k|To]s qodf; ;dfKt ePsf] & lbgleq lgIf]k tyf shf{sf] Aofhb/ ;DaGwL ljj/0f o; a}+ssf] a}+s
tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu / ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf clgjfo{ ?kdf k7fpg' kg]{5 .
;fy}, Aofhb/ ;+zf]wg u/]sf] & lbgleq ;f] ;DaGwL k"0f{ ljj/0f ;d]t pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 .
$= Aofhb/ ;DaGwL Joa:yf kfngf gu/]df x'g] sf/afxL :
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] Aofhb/ ;DaGwL lgb]{zgsf] kfngf gu/]df g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* adf]lhd
sf/jfxL ug{ ;lsg] 5 .
%= vf/]hL / arfpm :
-!_ o; a}+saf6 o;cl3 hf/L ul/Psf b]xfosf lgb]{zgx? vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 M
PsLs[t lgb]{zg, @)&# sf] Aofhb/ ;DaGwL Joj:yf O=k|f lgb]{zg g+= !%)&# af6 hf/L ulPsf[
lgb]{zg / ;f] kZrft ldlt @)&$ ;fpg ( ut] ;Dd hf/L ePsf o;} ljifo;+u ;DalGwt ;Dk"0f
kl/kqx? .
-@_ pka'Fbf -!_ adf]lhd vf/]h ul/Psf lgb]{zg tyf kl/kq adf]lhd eP u/]sf sfd sf/jfxL o;}
lgb]{zg adf]lhd eP u/]sf] dflgg]5 .

290
 cg';"rL !%=!
cfwf/ b/ lgwf{/0f ;DaGwL sfo{ljlw, @)^(

!= cfwf/ b/sf] cjwf/0ff

g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* n] lglb{i6 u/] adf]lhd d'No tyf jfXo If]q :yfloTj sfod ug]{ lhDd]jf/L g]kfn
/fi6 a}+sdf /x]sf] 5 . ljZjJofkL tyf If]qLo:t/df a]nfa]nfdf b]lvPsf ljQLo ;+s6 tyf ltgLx?af6 cy{tGqdf
k/]sf]] IfltnfO{ dWogh/ u/L ljQLo If]q :yfloTjnfO{ klg s]Gb|Lo a}+sx?n] Ps k|d'v p2]Zosf] ?kdf clsf/ ug{
nfu]sf]] ;Gbe{df g]kfn /fi6 a}+sn] klg ljQLo If]q :yfloTjnfO{ Ps k|d'v p2]Zosf] ?kdf cufl8 a9fPsf] 5 .
Aofhb/df x'g] ptf/r9fjn] nfut tyf k|ltkmnsf] dfWodaf6 ljQLo If]qsf] :yfloTjdf k|ToIf k|efj kg]{ x'G5 .
shf{ nufgLsf] Aofhb/ lgwf{/0f k|lqmof kf/bzL{ ePdf o;af6 a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] sfo{s'zntf /
k|lt:kwL{ Ifdtfdf ;sf/fTds k|efj kg'{sf ;fy} df}lb|s k|;f/0f ;+oGq ;'b[9 eO{ df}lb|s gLltsf] k|efjsfl/tfdf
klg ;'wf/ x'g] ck]Iff ug{ ;lsG5 . t;y{, a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] shf{sf] Aofhb/ lgwf{/0f k|lt:kwL{ /
kf/bzL{ ug{ clek|]l/t ug]{ p2]Zon] cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] df}lb|s gLltdf cfwf/ b/ nfu" ug]{ pNn]v ul/Psf]
5.
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] cfgf u|fxsx?nfO{ shf{ k|jfx ubf{ shf{sf] Aofhb/ lgwf{/0f ug'{ kb{5 . o:tf]
Aofhb/ l:y/ jf kl/jt{gzLn b'a} x'g ;S5 . a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?af6 k|jfx ul/g] shf{sf] Aofhb/
lgwf{/0fdf ljleGg tTjx? ;dfj]z ePsf x'G5g\ . a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?af6 shf{ pkef]u ug]{ C0fLx?df
;dfg ?kn] nfu" x'g] tyf :ki6;Fu klxrfg ug{ ;lsg] shf{sf] Aofhb/ lgwf{/0fsf tTjx? ;dfj]z ul/Psf] b/ g}
cfwf/ Aofhb/ xf] . t;y{, cfwf/ b/ shf{ k|jfxsf] jf:tljs Aofhb/ geO{ Aofhb/ lgwf{/0f ug]{ cfwf/ b/ dfq
xf] .
cfwf/ b/sf tTjx?df lgIf]k nfut jf sf]if nfut ;a}eGbf dxTjk"0f{ x'G5 . o;afx]s ;+:yf ;~rfngsf] nflu
ug'{kg]{ ;~rfng vr{ jfktsf] nfut, z'Go k|ltkmndf clgjfo{ gub cg'kft sfod ubf{ k/]sf] nfut, lgIf]k
nfut eGbf sd k|ltkmn k|fKtx'g] u/L a}wflgs t/ntf cg'kft sfod ubf{sf] nfut / ;+:yfsf nufgLstf{x?sf]]
k'FhLut nufgLsf] nflu k|bfg ug'{kg]{ ;fdfGo k|ltkmn shf{sf] cfwf/ b/sf k|d'v tTjx? x'g\ . cfwf/ Aofhb/df
shf{df lglxt hf]lvd lk|ldod ;dfj]z gul/g] x'gfn] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] ;f] b/ eGbf sd Aofhb/df
shf{ k|jfx ubf{ ;+:yf :jod\sf] bL3{sfnLg cl:tTj (Sustainability) sf ;fy} ;du| ljQLo If]q :yfloTjdf
;d]t k|lts'n k|efj kg{ ;Sg] ePsf]n] cfwf/ b/ eGbf sd Aofhb/df shf{ k|jfx ug'{ ;fdfGotof pko'Qm
dflgb}g . a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] shf{sf] Aofhb/ lgwf{/0f ubf{ cfwf/ b/nfO{ ;Gbe{b/ -Reference Rate_sf]
?kdf lnO{ u|fxsIf]q ljz]if hf]lvd tyf shf{sf] cjlw ljz]if lk|ldod ;dfj]z u/L To:tf] Aofhb/ lgwf{/0f ug]{
ul/G5 . Aofhb/ ptf/r9fj ePsf] ljz]if kl/l:yltdf cfwf/ b/sf] u0fgf lgoldt ?kdf ug{ ;s]df o;af6 d'b|f
ahf/sf] j:t'l:ylt cg';f/ Aofhb/ lgwf{/0f ug{ ;d]t ;xh x'g hfg] b]lvG5 .

@= cfwf/ b/ u0fgf ljlwM

cfwf/ b/ u0fgf ubf{ lgDgfg';f/sf] ljlw ckgfpg' kg]{5M
cfwf/ b/ = sf]if nfut k|ltzt + clgjfo{ df}Hbft nfut k|ltzt + j}wflgs t/ntf nfut k|ltzt +
;~rfng nfut k|ltzt + ;DklQdf k|ltkmn k|ltzt
@=! sf]ifsf] nfut (Cost of Fund)
sf]ifsf] nfut b]xfo adf]lhd u0fgf ug'{ kg]{5M
sf]if nfut k|ltzt = :jb]zL lgIf]k / C0f tyf ;fk6Lsf] efl/t cf};t Aofhb/

291
@=@ clgjfo{ df}Hbft nfut
clgjfo{ df}Hbft nfut u0fgf b]xfo adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{5M
clgjfo{ df}Hbftsf] cf};t /sd x sf]if nfut k|ltzt
clgjfo{ df}Hbft nfut k|ltzt = ---------------------------------------------------
nufgL of]Uo sf]ifsf] cf};t /sd

nufgL of]Uo sf]ifsf] cf};t /sd = :jb]zL lgIf]ksf] cf};t /sd + :jb]zL C0f tyf ;fk6L -Borrowing_ sf]
cf};t /sd - j}wflgs t/ntfsf] cf};t /sd

@=# j}wflgs t/ntf nfut

j}wflgs t/ntf nfut u0fgf b]xfo adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{5M
v'b j}wflgs t/ntf /sd x -sf]if nfut k|ltzt ;/sf/L ;'/If0fkqsf]
efl/t cf};t Aofhb/_
j}wflgs t/ntf nfut k|ltzt = ----------------------------- -----------------------------------------
nufgL of]Uo sf]ifsf] cf};t /sd

v'b j}wflgs t/ntf /sd = j}wflgs t/ntfsf] cf};t /sd - clgjfo{ df}Hbftsf] cf};t /sd

@=$ ;~rfng nfut

;~rfng nfut u0fgf ubf{ b]xfo adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{5M
s''n ;~rfng vr{ * x *%**
;~rfng nfut k|ltzt = -----------------------------------
nufgL of]Uo sf]ifsf] cf};t /sd

@=% ;DklQdf k|ltkmn

;DklQdf k|ltkmn jfkt )=&% k|ltzt ljGb' tf]lsPsf] 5 .

#= cfwf/ b/ u0fgf ;DaGwdf yk Joj:yfM

#=! cfwf/ b/ u0fgf ubf{ kl5Nnf] cjlwsf] ljQLo ljj/0f tyf tYofnfO{ cfwf/ lnO{ u0fgf ug'{kg]{5 . dfl;s
tYof+s pknAw gx'g] jflif{s k|s[ltsf vr{nfO{ ;dfg'kflts ?kdf ?kfGt/0f u/L u0fgf ug'{ kg]{5 .
#=@ j}wflgs t/ntfsf] cf};t /sd / clgjfo{ df}Hbftsf] cf};t /sd u0fgf ubf{ o; a}+saf6 hf/L lgb]{zg
adf]lhd sfod ug'{kg]{ Go'gtd /sdnfO{ lng' kg]{5 .
#=# s'n ;~rfng vr{df o; a}+sn] tf]s]sf] ljQLo ljj/0fsf] gfkmf gf]S;fg vftf adf]lhdsf] sd{rf/L vr{ /
cGo ;~rfng vr{nfO{ lng' kg]{5 .
gf]6M
* kl5Nnf] cjlwsf] cfwf/df jflif{sLs/0f ul/Psf] .
**;~rfng vr{ cGtu{t !% k|ltzt /sd u}x|sf]if ;~rfng vr{ cg'dfg ul/Psf] / ;f]sf] k"lt{ u}x|sf]if
cfDbfgLaf6 g} x'g ;Sg] .

292
 g]= /f a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+=!%=!
==================== a}+s ln=
cfwf/ Aofhb/ ;DaGwL ljj/0f -dfl;s_
-cf= j= @)& , =========dlxgfsf] ljj/0f_
-!_ cfwf/ Aofhb/
qm=;+= ljj/0f k|ltzt s}lkmot
-s_ sf]if nfut
-v_ clgjfo{ df}Hbft nfut
-u_ j}wflgs t/ntf nfut
-3_ ;~rfng nfut
-_ ;DklQdf k|ltkmn )=&%
-5_ cfwf/ Aofhb/ -s b]lv ;Ddsf] of]u_

-@_ cfwf/ Aofhb/ ;DaGwL yk ljj/0f

-v_ :jb]zL -u_ Go'gtd sfod -3_ ;/sf/L
-s_ :jb]zL -_ s'n
ut] lgIf]k
C0f tyf ug'k{ g]{ clgjfo{ ;'/If0fkqdf
;DklQ
;fk6 df}~bft u/]sf] nufgL
!
@
#
$
%
^
&
*
(
!)
!!
!@
!#
!$
!%
!^
!&
!*
!(
@)
@!
@@
@#
@$
@%
@^
@&
@*
@*
@(
#)
#!
#@
s'n
cf};t

293
 yk ljj/0fx?
-r_ Go'gtd sfod ug'{kg]{ cf};t j}wflgs t/ntf /sd
-5_ nufgL of]Uo sf]ifsf] cf};t /sd --s_ -v_ -r__
-h_ v'b j}wflgs t/ntf /sdsf] cf};t --r_ -u__
-em_ s'n Aofh vr{ --c_ -cf__
-c_ :jb]zL lgIf]kdf ePsf] Aofh vr{
-cf_ :jb]zL C0f tyf ;fk6df ePsf] Aofh vr{
-`_ ;/sf/L ;'/If0fkqdf u/]sf] nufgLdf k|fKt s'n Aofh /sd
-6_ gfkmf gf]S;fg lx;fa adf]lhdsf] s'n ;~rfng vr{ --c_ -cf__
-c_ sd{rf/L vr{
-cf_ cGo ;~rfng vr{
-7_ cfwf/ Aofhb/ u0fgf k|of]hgsf] nflu s'n ;~rfng vr{ --c_ -cf__
-c_ sd{rf/L vr{
-cf_ cGo ;~rfng vr{
-8_ gfkmf gf]S;fg lx;fa adf]lhd kl5Nnf] dlxgfsf] v'b gfkmf-gf]S;fg_
-9_ ;DklQdf k|ltkmn k|ltzt --8_*!@*!))-__
gf]6M
-!_ o; k|of]hgsf] nflu kl5Nnf] dlxgfsf] dfq cfDbfgL / vr{sf] -vr{sf] xsdf jflif{sLs/0f jf cg'dfg ug'{
kg]{ eP ;f]xL adf]lhdsf] kl5Nnf] dlxgfsf] vr{_ /sdnfO{ o;} kmf/dsf] a'Fbf g+= -@_ cGtu{tsf] yk
ljj/0fdf pNn]v u/L ;f]xL adf]lhd cfwf/ Aofhb/ u0fgf ug'{kg]{5 .

ldlt b:tvt

294
 g]=/f= a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+= !%=@
===================================== lnld6]8
cf};t Aofhb/ cGt/ -dfl;s_
@)==== ;fn ===== dlxgf

ut] :jb]zL shf{;fk6 /sd ;/sf/L ;'/If0fkqdf u/]sf] :jb]zL lgIf]k /sd -?=_
-?=_ nufgL -?=_
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
Dffl;s cf};t -?=_
dfl;s Aofh
cfDbfgL . Aofh
vr{ -?=_
Aofh cfDbfgL .
Aofh vr{sf]
cf};t b/ -
k|ltztdf_
Aofhb/ cGt/ -
k|ltztdf_

295
 cg';"rL !%=@

cf};t Aofhb/ cGt/ -Spread_ u0fgf ug]{ ;'q

hxfF,
Ic = shf{ ;fk6 afktsf] dfl;s Aofh cfDbfgL
Is = ;/sf/L ;'/If0fkqdf u/]sf] nufgLdf kfs]sf] dfl;s Aofh cfDbfgL
Id = lgIf]ksf] dfl;s Aofh vr{
d1 = ;f] dlxgfsf] hDdf lbg
d2 = ;f] dlxgfdf ;/sf/L ;'/If0fkqdf nufgL ePsf] hDdf lbg
C = dfl;s cf};t :jb]zL shf{ ;fk6
D = dfl;s cf};t :jb]zL lgIf]k
I = dfl;s cf};t ;/sf/L ;'/If0fkqdf u/]sf] nufgL

k|li6s/0f M
-s_ shf{ ;fk6 afktsf] dfl;s Aofh cfDbfgL eGgfn] :jb]zL d'b|fdf k|jfx ePsf] s'n shf{ ;fk6af6
dlxgfe/df kfs]sf] ;fwf/0f Aofhsf] /sd ;Demg' kb{5 .
-v_ ;/sf/L ;'/If0fkqdf u/]sf] nufgLdf kfs]sf] dfl;s Aofh cfDbfgL eGgfn] ;/sf/L ;'/If0fkqdf u/]sf]
nufgLaf6 dlxgfe/df kfs]sf] ;fwf/0f Aofhsf] /sd ;Demg' kb{5 .
-u_ lgIf]ksf] dfl;s Aofh vr{ eGgfn] s'n :jb]zL lgIf]kdf ;f] dlxgfdf kfs]sf] Aofh vr{ /sd ;Demg'kb{5 .
-3_ dfl;s cf};t :jb]zL shf{ ;fk6 eGgfn] :jb]zL d'b|fdf k|jfx ePsf] shf{ ;fk6sf] b}lgs /sdsf] s'n
of]unfO{ ;f] dlxgfsf] hDdf lbgn] efu u/L cfpg] /sd ;Demg' kb{5 .
-_ dfl;s cf};t :jb]zL lgIf]k eGgfn] :jb]zL lgIf]ksf] b}lgs /sdsf] s'n of]u nfO{ ;f] dlxgfsf] hDdf
lbgn] efu u/L cfpg] /sd ;Demg' kb{5 .
-r_ dfl;s cf};t ;/sf/L ;'/If0fkqdf u/]sf] nufgL eGgfn] ;/sf/L ;'/If0fkqdf u/]sf] nufgLsf] b}lgs
/sdsf] s'n of]unfO{ ;f] dlxgfdf ;/sf/L ;'/If0fkqdf nufgL ePsf] hDdf lbgn] efu u/L cfpg] /sd
;Demg' kb{5 .

296
 g]kfn /fi6 a}+s
s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu
O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= !^)&$

ljQLo ;|f]t ;+sng ;DaGwL Joj:yf .

o; a}+saf6 s, v / u ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ;+sng ug{]{ ljQLo ;|f]t ;DaGwdf g]kfn
/fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf &( n] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L b]xfosf] lgb]{zg hf/L ul/Psf] 5 .
!= ljQLo ;|f]t ;+sng ;Ldf
-!_ s ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfnfO{ ;fdfGotof lgIf]k ;+sng ;DaGwL s'g} ;Ldf nfUg] 5}g .
-@_ v ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfgf] k|fylds k'FhLsf] a9Ldf lj; u'0ff;Dd ljQLo ;|f]t -Aofh jf
lagf Aofhdf :jLsf/ ul/g] s'g} klg k|sf/sf] lgIf]k, ;fk6L / ljleGg lsl;dsf C0f pks/0fx?_ ;+sng
ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-#_ u ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfgf] k|fylds k'FhLsf] a9Ldf kGw| u'0ff;Dd ljQLo ;|f]t -Aofh jf
lagf Aofhdf :jLsf/ ul/g] s'g} klg k|sf/sf] lgIf]k, ;fk6L / ljleGg lsl;dsf C0f pks/0fx?_ ;+sng
ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-$_ ;fk6Lsf] xsdf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfkm\gf] s'n lgIf]k bfloTjsf] a9Ldf Ps rf}yfO;Dd
kl/rfng ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-%_ ljQLo ;|f]t ;+sng ;Ldf cg'udg ug]{ k|of]hgsf nflu 7Ls cl3Nnf] qodf;df sfod /x]sf]
k|fylds k'FhLnfO{ cfwf/ dflgg]5 .
@= ;+:yfut lgIf]k ;+sng ;Ldf ;DaGwdf
-s_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] s'g} Pp6f kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfaf6 cfgf] s'n lgIf]ksf] a9Ldf
aL; k|ltzt;Ddsf] ;Ldfdf gj9\g] u/L ;+:yfut lgIf]k kl/rfng ug{ kfpg] 5 .
-v_ Ohfhkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] s'n lgIf]kdf ;+:yfut lgIf]ksf] c+z %) k|ltzteGbf a9L sfod ug{ kfOg]
5}g . t/ s'n lgIf]kdf ;+:yfut lgIf]ksf] c+z %) k|ltzteGbf a9L ePsf ;+:yfx?n] ;f] lgIf]knfO{
@)&$ c;f/ d;fGt;Dd lgoldt ul/;Sg' kg]{5 .
:ki6Ls/0fM
;+:yfut lgIf]k eGgfn] ;/sf/L tyf ;/sf/L :jfldTjdf /x]sf ;+:yf Pjd\ ;+:yfgx?, art tyf C0f
;xsf/L ;+:yf tyf To:tf ;+:yf Pjd\ ;+:yfg dftxt ;+rflnt sf]ifx? / klAns lnld6]8 sDkgLx?sf]
lgIf]k ;Demg' k5{ .
# lgIf]k ;+sng tyf e'QmfgL ;DaGwL lgod tyf k|lqmof agfO{ nfu" ug'{ kg]{
-!_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] :jLsf/ ug]{ lgIf]ksf] cjlw, k|sf/ cflb ;Dk"0f{ lgod tyf sfo{ljlwsf
af/]df Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf cfkm}n] lgod agfO{ nfu" ug{' kg]{5 / To:tf] lgod tyf sfo{ljlw o;
a}+ssf] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu / ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] bz jif{b]lv rNtL gePsf] jf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)&#
adf]lhd xs bfaL gk/]sf] lgIf]k vftfx?sf] ljj/0f k|To]s cfly{s jif{sf] klxnf] dlxgfleq o;
a}+sdf k7fpg' kg]{5 . ;fy}, o; k|sf/sf] lgIf]k /sd lng cfpg] ;"rgf ;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo
;+:yfn] k|To]s kfFr jif{df Ps k6s /fli6o :t/sf] b}lgs klqsfdf k|sfzg ug'{sf ;fy} ;f] ;DaGwL
lj:t[t ljj/0f cfkm\gf j]a;fO6df ;d]t /fVg' kg{]5 . aL; jif{;Dd a'em\g gcfPsf] jf s;}sf]
xsbfaL kg{ gcfPsf] lgIf]k /sd o; a}+ssf] a}+ls ljsf; sf]if df hDdf ug'{ kg]{5 .

297
 -#_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] nfef+z 3f]if0ff u/]sf] ldltn] kfFr jif{;Dd klg ;DalGwt ;]o/wgL jf lghsf]
xsjfnf ;f] nfef+z lng gcfPdf k|To]s cfly{s jif{ ;dfKt ePsf] Ps dlxgfleq ;]o/wgLsf] gfd
gfd];L ;lxtsf] ljj/0f /fli6o:t/sf] kqklqsfdf sDtLdf Psk6s k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 . o:tf] ;'rgf
k|sfzgkl5 klg nfef+zsf] e'QmfgL lng gcfPdf ;DalGwt ;+:yfdf bfjL gePsf] nfef+z vftf
vf]nL /sdfGt/ ug'{ kg]{5 . o;/L /sdfGt/ ePsf] nfef+z /sdsf] ljj/0f clen]v u/L k|sfzg
ubf{ Psd'i6 ?kdf k|sfzg ug{ ;lsg]5 . ;fy} k|sflzt ljj/0fsf] Ps k|lt o; a}+sdf k]z ug'{
kg]{5 .
-$_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn]] k|fs[lts JolQm jf gfkmf sdfpg] p2]Zo g/fvL :yfkgf ePsf ;+3;+:yfx?
-x'nfs art a}+s ;d]t_ sf] xsdf dfq art vftf vf]Ng ;Sg]5 . k|fs[lts JolQmgfkmf sdfpg]
p2]Zo g/fvL :yflkt ;+:yfx? afx]s cGo ;+:yflgsfojf6 art vftf vf]n]sf] cj:yfdf clanDj
aGb ug'{ kg]{5 . ;fy}, :jLsfo{ a}+ls dfGotf cg'?k ;DalGwt ;+:yfn] r]sa's hf/L ug]{ vftf tyf
hf/L gug]{ vftf 5'ofO{ ;f]xL cfwf/df r]sa's hf/L ug]{ Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 .
t/, pQm Joj:yfn] k|fs[lts JolQm afx]ssf cGo ;+3, ;+:yf, sDkgL nufotsf ck|fs[lts JolQmn]
Aofh cfh{g x'g] u/L art vftf afx]ssf cGo vftf vf]Ng afwf k'ofpg] 5}g .
-%_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] k|fs[lts JolQmsf] d'2lt lgIf]k :jLsf/ ubf{ lgIf]kstf{sf] art vftf vf]nL
d'2lt lgIf]kdf k|bfg ul/g] Aofh / e'QmfgL cjlw (Maturity Period) kZrft lkmtf{ x'g] /sd
To:tf] art vftfdf cljnDa hDdf x'g] Joj:yf ldnfpg'kg]{5 .
$ ;fk6L lng ;Sg]
-!_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] a'Fbf g+= ! df plNnlvt ;Ldfleq /xL Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf, JolQm, kmd{,
sDkgL tyf ;+ul7t ;+:yf;Fu ;fk6L lng ;Sg] 5 .
-@_ pka'Fbf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtf klg ljb]zL ;/sf/ jf cGt/f{li6o ;+3;+:yfaf6 s'g}
cfly{s ;xfotf jf C0f lng'k/]df Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] o; a}+ssf] :jLs[lt lng' kg]{5 . ljb]zL
d'b|fdf cfly{s bfloTj gkg]{ u/L ljb]zL ;+:yf jf lghsf] g]kfn /fHodf :yflkt ;+:yf jf
kl/of]hgfaf6 o; a}+saf6 k'j{ :jLs[lt lnO{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] :jb]zL d'b|fdf C0f tyf cg'bfg
lng ;Sg]5g\ .
%= l8a]~r/ tyf cGo C0f pks/0fx? hf/L ug{] ;DaGwL Joj:yf
b]xfodf plNnlvt zt{x? k'/f u/]sf] s / v ju{sf O{hfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] a'Fbf g+= ! sf] clwgdf /xL
a9Ldf cfgf] k|fylds k'FhLsf] krf; k|ltzt;Ddsf] l8a]~r/cGo C0f pks/0f hf/L ug{ :jLs[ltsf]
nflu o; a}+sdf lgj]bg k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . To:tf] lgj]bg dfly cfjZos 5fgjLg u/L pko'Qm 7fg]df o;
a}+sn] l8a]~r/ tyf cGo C0f pks/0f hf/L ug{] :jLs[lt lbg ;Sg]5 M
-!_ ljQLo sf/f]af/ k|f/De u/]sf] kfFr jif{ k'/f ePsf],
-@_ ;j{;fwf/0fdf laqmL ljt/0f ug'{ kg]{ ;]o/ laqmL ljt/0f u/L lwtf]kq ljlgdo ahf/df ;'rLs[t
eO;s]sf] /
-#_ ;l~rt gf]S;fgL afFsL g/x]sf] .
t/, l8a]~r/ tyf cGo C0f pks/0f hf/L ug{ :jLs[lt lng] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] Discount
Factor cGtu{t /fVg' kg]{ Capital Redemption Reserve clgjfo{ ?kdf /fVg' kg]{5 .
^= lgIf]k sf/f]af/ ;DaGwdf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] cGo k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd lgIf]k kl/rfng tyf shf{sf]
sf/f]af/ ul//x]sf ljQLo ;+:yfx?df lgIf]k /fVg tyf shf{sf] sf/f]af/ ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
&= Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] Ps csf{df lgIf]k vftf vf]Ng] ;DaGwdf
-s_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt cGo s'g} klg a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf jf s'g}
klg k|sf/sf] lgIf]k ;DaGwL sf/f]af/ ug]{ ;+:yfdf Aofh k|fKt x'g] u/L s'g} klg k|sf/sf] :jb]zL
lgIf]k vftf vf]Ng kfOg] 5}g .
-v_ t/, of] Joj:yfn] b]xfo adf]lhdsf /sdx? Aofh cfh{g x'g] u/L /fVg /f]s nufPsf] dflgg] 5}g .

298
 sd{rf/L cjsfz sf]if jfktsf] /sd,
z'? ;fj{hlgs lgisf;g, k'gM ;fj{hlgs lgisf;g / xsk|b ;]o/ lgisf;gaf6 ;+sng ePsf]
/sd hDdf u/L Aofh cfh{g x'g] c:yfoL k|s[ltsf lgIf]k vftf,
ljb]zL d'b|fsf] vftf,
-u_ pko'{Qm a'Fbf g+= -v_ afx]ssf Aofh cfh{g x'g] u/L o; k'j{ vf]lnPsf d'2lt lgIf]k vftfx?sf xsdf
;f] sf] e'QmfgL cjlw -Maturity Period_ ;dfKt eP kZrft gjLs/0f ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
-3_ o; a'Fbfsf] v08 -s_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtf klg Ohfhtkqk|fKt v / u ju{sf ljQLo
;+:yfx?n] cGo Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?df dfu]sf avt lkmtf{ kfpg] k|sf/sf] vftf -Call Deposit_
vf]Ng ;Sg]5g\ .
*= ;LdfeGbf a9L ljQLo ;|f]t ;+sng u/]df ;Ldfleq Nofpg] ;dofjlw
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] o; a}+ssf] ljQLo ;|f]t ;+sng ;DaGwL Joj:yf cGtu{t tf]s]sf] ;Ldf eGbf a9L
x'g] u/L ljQLo ;|f]t kl/rfng u/]sf] jf ;fk6L lnPsf] ca:yfdf To:tf] ;LdfeGbf a9L ;+sng ul/Psf]
ljQLo ;|f]t jf ;fk6L] ;Ldf eGbf sddf gcfP;Ddsf] cjlwsf] nfuL b}lgs ?kdf k|rlnt a}+sb/n] x'g
cfpg] /sd ;DalGwt ;+:yfnfO{ xhf{gf nufpg ;lsg] 5 . ;fy}, To:tf] ;+:yfsf] sfo{sf/L k|d'vnfO{ ;d]t
?= Ps nfv;Dd hl/jfgf nufpg ;lsg] 5 / o:tf] /sd sfo{sf/L k|d'vaf6 JolQmut ?kdf c;'npk/
ul/g] 5 .
o; k|of]hgsf] nflu n]vfk/LIf0f ePsf] ;a}eGbf kl5Nnf] ljQLo ljj/0faf6 sfod x'g cfpg] k|fylds
k'FhLnfO{ cfwf/ lnO{ u0fgf ul/g] 5 . ;fk6L ;DaGwL b}lgs ljj/0f xfn o; a}+s ;dIf k]z x'Fb} cfPsf]
clgjfo{ df}Hbft ;DaGwL ;fKtflxs ljj/0f -lgb]{zg kmf=g+= !#=!_ df Pp6f 5'} ;fk6L zLif{s sfod u/L ;fk6L
lnOPsf] s'n /sd v'nfpg' kg]{5 .
(= ;fj{hlgs ;]o/ lgisfzg ;DaGwdf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] ;~rfngdf cfPsf] ldltn] tLg jif{leq ;j{;fwf/0fsf] nflu
5'6\ofOPsf] ;]o/ laqmL ljt/0f u/L ;Sg' kg]{5 . ;fy}, k|rlnt lwtf]kq ;DaGwL sfg'gsf] clwgdf /xL
;fj{hlgs ?kdf k'gM ;]o/ lgisfzg (Further Public Issue) ug{ ;Sg]5g\ .
!)= ;]o/ lgIf]k of]hgf ;~rfng ug{ ;Sg]]
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] b]xfo adf]lhdsf zt{ cGtu{t /xL ;]o/ lgIf]k (Share Deposit_ of]hgfx?
;~rfng ug{ ;Sg]] 5g\ M
-s_ ;]o/ lgIf]k of]hgf cGtu{t art ug]{ artstf{xn] pQm sDkgLsf] ;]o/ vl/b ug{ -;+:yfks
;d'x_ rfx]sf] cj:yfdf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)&# tyf o; a}+saf6 hf/L ePsf]
PsLs[t lgb]{zg tyf Ohfhtkq k|bfg ul/g] gLltdf pNn]v ePsf k|fjwfgx cg';f/ ;+:yfks x'g
tf]lsPsf] of]Uotfx k'/f u/]sf] x'g' kg]{ .
-v_ ;]o/ lgIf]k of]hgf cGtu{t hDdf ePsf] lgIf]knfO{ ;fwf/0f ;]o/df -;+:yfks ;d'x_ kl/jt{g ug{
rfxg] lgIf]kstf{xn] lwtf]kq sf/f]af/ ;DaGwL k|rlnt P]gdf pNn]v ePsf Joj:yf Pjd\
k|lqmofx kfngf ug'{ kg]{ / o;/L artstf{xnfO{ ;+:yfks ;d'xsf] ;]o/ k|bfg ug]{ ;dodf a}+s
tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] g]kfn lwtf]kq af]8{af6 ;d]t clgjfo{ ?kdf :jLs[lt lnP/ dfq OR5's
artstf{x?nfO{ ;+:yfks ;]o/ lbg' kg]{ .
-u_ pQm of]hgf cGtu{t ;xefuL eO{ ;+:yfks ;]o/ vl/b ug{ rfxg] artstf{xnfO{ a}+s tyf ljQLo
;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)&#, o; a}+sn] hf/L u/]sf gLltut Joj:yfx tyf cGo k|rlnt P]g,
sfg'gsf] clwgdf /xL k|rlnt lwtf]kq ;DaGwL P]g, lgod, lgb]{lzsfsf] kfngf u/L cfjZos k|lqmof
k'/f u/]/ dfq ;+:yfks ;d'xsf] ;]o/ vl/b ug{ ;Sg] eGg] Joxf]/f ;fj{hlgs hfgsf/Lsf nflu
k|sflzt x'g] ;fdu|L ;DalGwt sDkgLsf] cfGtl/s gLltlgoddf ;d]t :ki6;Fu pNn]v x'g' kg]{ .

299
!!= ;xfos cfjlws C0fkq tyf e'QmfgL of]Uo ckl/jt{gLo cu|flwsf/ ;]o/ hf/L ug{ ;Sg]
s / v ju{sf O{hfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ;'/If0f g/flvPsf] ;xfos cfjlws C0fkq (Subordinated
Term Debt) / e'QmfgL of]Uo ckl/jt{gLo cu|flwsf/ ;]o/ (Redeemable Non-Convertible Preference
Share) hf/L ubf{ o; ;DaGwL cGo Joj:yfsf cltl/Qm lgDg zt{x?sf] clwgdf /xL ug{' kg]{]5 M
-!_ C0fkq s'g} klg ;'/If0f g/fvL lgisfzg ug{' kg{],
-@_ C0fkqsf] cjlw tf]s]sf] x'g' kg]{,
-#_ C0fkqe'QmfgLof]Uo ckl/jt{gLo cu|flwsf/ ;]o/df k|bfg ul/g] Aofhnfef+z e'QmfgL ug]{ cjlw,
jflif{s Aofhb/ k|ltztdf tf]Sg' kg{], Aofhb/ kl/jt{g ug{ gkfOg] / cflh{t Aofh /sddf cfos/
P]g cg';f/ cfos/ nfUg]nufpg] Joj:yf ug{' kg{],
-$_ a}+s lj36g ePsf] cj:yfdf C0fkqe'QmfgLof]Uo ckl/jt{gLo cu|flwsf/ ;]o/sf] e'QmfgL
lgIf]kstf{eGbf kl5 dfq x'g],
-%_ C0fkqe'QmfgLof]Uo ckl/jt{gLo cu|flwsf/ ;]o/ hf/L ePsf] ldltn] ^ dlxgfleqdf g]kfn lwtf]kq
ljlgdo ahf/df ;'rLs[t ug{' kg{],
-^_ C0fkqe'QmfgLof]Uo ckl/jt{gLo cu|flwsf/ ;]o/ lgisfzg ug'{ cl3 tof/ ul/g] ljj/0fkq o;
a}+ssf] ;xdlt lnP/ dfq k|sflzt ug{' kg{],
-&_ C0fkqe'QmfgLof]Uo ckl/jt{gLo cu|flwsf/ ;]o/sf] /sd e'QmfgL ug{ l;h{gf ul/g] k'FhL lkmtf{
hu]8f sf]if (Capital Redemption Reserve) sf] Joj:yf ug{ lgDgfg';f/ sf]if l;h{gf u/]sf] x'g'
kg]{ .
-s_ lgisfzg ul/Psf] cfly{s jif{ / e'QmfgL x'g] cfly{s jif{ To:tf] e'QmfgL sf]if (Redemption
Reserve) df s'g} /sd ljlgof]hg gu/] klg x'g],

-v_ e'QmfgL cjlw afFsL /x];Dd To;kl5sf k|To]s jif{ aflif{s d'gfkmfaf6 sDtLdf ;dfg'kflts
(Proportionate) cfwf/df /sd 5'6\ofpg' kg]{,
-u_ v08 -v_ adf]lhd ;dfg'kflts cfwf/df 5'6\ofpg' kg]{ /sd eGbf a9L /sd 5'6\ofpg] ePdf
s'g cfly{s jif{df slt /sd 5'6\ofpg] xf] :ki6 pNn]v ug{' kg{] .
-*_ Private placement sf] cfwf/df laqmL ul/g] C0fkqe'QmfgLof]Uo ckl/jt{gLo cu|flwsf/ ;]o/sf]
;DaGwdf s'g} ;+3;+:yf;Fu clu|d s'g} ;Demf}tf ePsf] eP ;f] ;Demf}tfsf] k|ltlnkL k]z ug{' kg{],
-(_ olb s'g} kIfn] ;f] kIfnfO{ 5'6\ofOPsf] C0fkqe'QmfgLof]Uo ckl/jt{gLo cu|flwsf/ ;]o/ vl/b
gu/]df ;f] csf{] kIfnfO{ laqmL ug{] Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{,
-!)_ C0fkqe'QmfgLof]Uo ckl/jt{gLo cu|flwsf/ ;]o/df cflh{t Aofh nufgLstf{x?nfO{ slxn] e'QmfgL
ug]{ eGg] ljifodf ljj/0fkqsf] Aofhnfef+z e'QmfgL ug]{ ;do (Interest/Preferred Dividend
Payment Timing) zLif{s cGtu{t :ki6 pNn]v ug'{ kg]{,
-!!_ C0fkqe'QmfgLof]Uo ckl/jt{gLo cu|flwsf/ ;]o/df cfj]bg ug{] k|To]s cfj]bsnfO{ lghn] cfj]bg
u/]sf] /sddf cfj]bg u/]sf] ldltb]lv afF8kmfF8 x'g] lbg;Ddsf] cjlwsf nflu k|rlnt ahf/sf] b/n]
vl08t cjlwsf] Aofh (Broken Period Interest) k|bfg ug'{ kg]{ / ;f] ljifodf ljj/0fkqdf :ki6
pNn]v ug'{ kg]{,
-!@_ C0fkqe'QmfgLof]Uo ckl/jt{gLo cu|flwsf/ z]o/ e'QmfgL u/]kl5 e'QmfgL sf]if (Redemption
Reserve) df afFsL /x]sf] /sdnfO{ k'FhL ;dfof]hg sf]ifdf /sdfGt/ ug{' kg]{5 .
!@= aLdf of]hgf ;DaGwdf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] lgIf]k :jLsf/ ubf{sf] avtdf g} vftfx? aLdf x'g] Joj:yf ug]{
ePdf jLldt vftfsf Ps} k|s[ltsf lgIf]kstf{x?sf aLrdf s'g} lje]b gx'g] tyf lgIf]kstf{nfO{ yk
Jooef/ gkg]{ u/L o:tf] of]hgf ;~rfng ug{ ;Sg] 5g\ . aLdfn]v -Insurance Policy_ df pNn]v ul/g]
;]jf, zt{ / ;'ljwfx?sf] ;DaGwdf jLldt lgIf]kstf{nfO{ lgIf]k :jLsf/ ubf{ s} avtdf :ki6 hfgsf/L
u/fpg' kg]{5 .

300
!#= lgIf]k ;+sng sfo{nfO{ cfsif{s agfpg pkxf/ ;DaGwL sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug{ gkfO{g] ;DaGwdf
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] lr6\7fdf cfwfl/t s'g} klg k|sf/sf] lgIf]k pkxf/ sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug{ kfOg]
5}g . t/, ;DalGwt a}+sljQLo ;+:yfn] tf]s]sf lglZrt dfkb08x? cGtu{t kg]{ ;Dk"0f{ lgIf]kstf{x?sf
aLrdf s'g} lje]b gu/L To:tf ;a} lgIf]kstf{x?n] lgIf]k /sdsf] cfwf/df ;dfg?kdf pkxf/ k|fKt ug]{ u/L
lgIf]k pkxf/ sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug{ eg] o; Joj:yfn] s'g} afwf k'ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
!$= lgIf]k ;'/If0f u/fpg] ;DaGwdf
o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] cfgf] ;+:yfdf k|fs[lts JolQmsf gfddf art
tyf d'2lt vftfdf /x]sf] ? @ nfv;Ddsf] lgIf]k lgIf]k tyf shf{ ;'/If0f sf]if ;Fu ;'/If0f ug]{u/fpg]
Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{ / ;f] /sdnfO{ j[l4 u/L qmdzM ? % nfv;Ddsf] lgIf]k lgIf]k tyf shf{ ;'/If0f sf]if
;Fu ;'/If0f u/fpg] cfjZos Joj:yf ldnfpg' kg]{5 .
;fy}, Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] cfgf] ;+:yfdf /x]sf] @ nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] JolQmut art
tyf d'2lt lgIf]ksf] /sd / To:tf lgIf]kstf{sf] ;+VofTds ljj/0f q}dfl;s ?kdf qodf; ;dfKt ePsf]
Ps dlxgfleq lgIf]k tyf shf{ ;'/If0f sf]ifnfO{ pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 .
!%= ljb]zL nufgLaf6 cflh{t nfef+z /sdsf] lgIf]k vftf vf]Ng] ;DaGwdf
ljb]zL nufgLstf{n] g]kfnleq nufgL u/L cfh{g u/]sf nfef+z /sd ;DalGwt b]zsf] ;/sf/L lgsfo jf
s]Gb|Lo a}+ssf] ;xdtLdf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfdf d'2lt vftf vf]nL hDdf ug{ ;Sg] / ;f] lgIf]k tyf
lgIf]kaf6 cflh{t Aofhsf] l/Kof6Lo;g (Repatriation) b]xfosf] zt{df ljb]zL ljlgdo Joj:Yffkg
ljefuaf6 :jLs[lt lnP/ dfq ug{ kfpg] Joj:yf sfod ul/Psf] 5 M
zt{x?M
-!_ ljlgdo b/, Aofhb/, nufotsf s'g} klg hf]lvd ;DalGwt nufgLstf{n] g} axg ug'{ kg]{ .
-@_ o:tf] d'2lt lgIf]ksf] cjlw sDtLdf ! jif{sf] x'g' kg]{ / To:tf] lgIf]ksf] lwtf]df s'g} lsl;dsf] shf{
lng gkfpg] .
-#_ o:tf] lgIf]k vftf vf]Ng' cl3 o; a}+ssf] ljb]zL ljlgdo Joj:yfkg ljefusf] k'j{ :jLs[lt lng'kg]{ .
-$_ o:tf] lgIf]k tyf Aofhsf] cw{jflif{s ljj/0f o; a}+ssf] ljb]zL ljlgdo Joj:yfkg ljefudf k]z
ug'{kg]{ .
!^= a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?af6 Good for Payment gul/Psf r]sx? ;d]t e'QmfgL of]Uo Good Instrument
x'Fbfx'Fb} klg wf/s -Holder_ n] yk lglZrttf -Assurance_ ug{ rfx]sf] v08df Good for Payment ug]{
k|of]hgsf] nflu b]xfosf] Joj:yf sfod ul/Psf] 5M
!= r]s Good for Payment ug]{ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] ;f] r]s a/fa/sf] /sd 5'} vftfdf hDdf u/L
;f]sf] System Printed k|df0f r]sdf pNn]v ug]{ jf r]s;Fu pknAw u/fpg] Joj:yf u/L ;f]sf]
clen]v /fVg' kg]{ .
@= ul/g] r]ssf] ldlt Good for payment u/]sf] ldlt eGbf kl5sf] x'g gx'g] .
Good for Payment
#= Good for Payment r]s hf/L ug]{ ;DaGwL cffGtl/s lgoGq0f tyf ;Gt'ngsf] Joj:yf u/L o:tf]
r]s hf/L ePsf] ljj/0f k|d'v ;~rfng clws[tnfO{ pknAw ug]{ u/fpg] Joj:yf ldnfpg' kg]{ .
$= Good for Payment r]s lwtf] /fvL shf{ lnglbg gkfOg] .
%= Good for Payment r]s hf/L ubf{ hf/L ug]{ sfof{nosf sDtLdf b'O{ hgf kbflwsf/Ln] cfgf] sf]8
g+= ;lxt gfd, kb / ldlt v'nfO{ b:tvt u/L ;+:yfsf] 5fk ;d]t nufpg' kg]{ .
t/ g]kfn ;/sf/n] e'QmfgL kfpg] u/L k|rlnt gLltut Joj:yfsf] clwgdf /x]/ Good for
Payment r]s hf/L ug{ dfly plNnlvt Joj:yfn] afwf k'ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
!&= a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] k|fs[lts JolQmsf] gfddf :jb]zL d'b|fdf Pp6} k|s[ltsf] Ps eGbf a9L vftf vf]Ng kfOg]
5}g . o;}u/L Pshgf JolQmnfO{ Pp6} k|sf/sf] Ps eGbf a9L sf8{ -8]lj6qm]l86_ hf/L ug{ kfO{g] 5}g . of]
lgb]{zg hf/L x'Fbfsf avt Pp6} a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] Ps JolQmsf] gfddf Ps} k|s[ltsf] Ps eGbf a9L vftf

301
 vf]n]sf] jf PseGbf a9L sf8{ hf/L u/]sf] eP o; lgb]{zg adf]lhd Ps} k|s[ltsf] Pp6f dfq vftf / Pp6f
dfq sf8{ sfod /fVg] Joj:Yff ldnfpg' kg]{5 . of] Joj:Yff d'4tL vftfsf xsdf eg] nfu' x'g] 5}g .
!*= a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] cfgf ;]o/wgLx?nfO{ k|bfg ug]{ gub nfef+z ;]o/wgLsf] vftfdf hDdf x'g]
Joj:Yff ldnfpg'kg]{5 . ;fy}, ;fj{hlgs lgisfzg (IPO/FPO) sf] qmddf lwtf]kq afF8kmf6 kZrft
nufgLstf{n] dfu u/] adf]lhd z]o/ k|fKt ug{ g;s]sf] v08df To:tf] /sd lkmtf{ ubf{ ;d]t lghn]
b/vf:t kmf/fddf pNn]v u/]sf] vftfdf hDdf x'g] Joj:yf ldnfpg' kg]{5 .
!(= vf/]hL / jrfpm
-!_ o; a}+saf6 o;cl3 hf/L ul/Psf b]xfosf lgb]{zgx? vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 M
PsLs[t lgb]{zg, @)&# sf] ljQLo ;|f]t ;+sng ;DaGwL Joj:yf O=k|f= lgb]{zg g+= !^)&# af6
hf/L ul/Psf] lgb]{zg tyf ;f] kZrft ldlt @)&$ ;fpg ( ut] ;Dd hf/L ePsf o;} ljifo;Fu
;DalGwt ;Dk"0f{ kl/kqx? .
-@_ pka'Fbf -!_ adf]lhd vf/]h ul/Psf lgb]{zg tyf kl/kq adf]lhd eP u/]sf sfd sf/jfxL o;}
lgb]{zg adf]lhd eP u/]sf] dflgg]5 .

302
 g]kfn /fi6 a}+s
s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu

O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= !&)&$

ljkGg ju{ tyf tf]lsPsf pTkfbgzLn If]qdf k|jfx ug"{kg]{ shf{ ;DaGwL Joj:yf .

o; a}+saf6 s, v / u ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ljkGg ju{ tyf tf]lsPsf pTkfbgzLn If]qdf k|jfx
ug'{kg]{ shf{x?sf] ;DaGwdf g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf &( n] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L b]xfosf]
lgb]{zg hf/L ul/Psf] 5 .
1. Ohfhtkqk|fKt s, v / u ju{sf a+}s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] cfgf] s'n shf{ ;fk6 -laN; vl/b
tyf l8:sfp06;d]t_ sf] qmdzM Go'gtd %=) k|ltzt, $=% k|ltzt / $=) k|ltzt ljkGg ju{df shf{
k|jfx ug'{ kg]{5 . ;fy}, s ju{sf afl0fHo a}+sx?n] o;/L k|jfx ug{sf nflu tf]lsPsf] k|ltzt dWo]
cfgf] s'n shf{ ;fk6 -laN; vl/b tyf l8:sfpG6 ;d]t_ sf] Go'gtd @ k|ltzt shf{ a'Fbf g+= # df
pNn]v ul/Psf If]qdf k|ToIf ?kdf nufgL ug'{ kg]{5 . o;/L k|ToIf ?kdf shf{ k|jfx ubf{ @)&% c;f/
d;fGt;Dddf @ k|ltzt k'Ug] u/L shf{ k|jfx ug'{ kg]{5 .
o; lgb]{zgsf] k|of]hgsf nflu ljkGg ju{ eGgfn] Go'g cfo ePsf / vf;u/L ;fdflhs?kdf lk5l8Psf
dlxnf, hghflt, blnt ju{, km/s 9+un] ;Ifd JolQmx?, ;LdfGts[t ;d'bfo tyf ;fgfls;fg, sflnu9,
dhb'/ / e"ldxLg kl/jf/nfO{ ;Demg' kb{5 . ljkGg ju{sf] cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs pTyfgsf] nflu ;~rfng
x'g] :j/f]huf/d"ns n3' pBdx? ;~rfng ug{ o; a}+sf/f tf]lsPsf] ;Ldf;Dd k|jfx x'g] n3' shf{nfO{
ljkGg ju{ shf{ cGtu{t u0fgf ug'{ kg]{5 .
2. ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf tyf gofF vf]lng] jf :t/f]Gglt eO{ sf/f]af/ ;~rfng u/]sf] !
jif{kl5sf] q}dfl;s cjlwdf ^ dlxgf cl3sf] s'n afFsL shf{ ;fk6sf] cfwf/df ljkGg ju{df clgjfo{?kn]
shf{ k|jfx ug'{ kg]{5 .
3. Ohfhtkqk|fKt;+:yfn] lgDg cg';f/ k|ToIf ?kdf k|jfx u/]sf] shf{nfO{ ljkGg ju{df k|jfx ePsf] shf{df
u0fgf ul/g]5 .
-s_ ljkGg jf Go"g cfo ePsf JolQmnfO{ n3' pBd jf Joj;fo ;~rfng ug{ k|lt;d"x
;b:oJolQmnfO{ ;fd"lxs JolQmut hdfgtdf k|bfg u/]sf] a9Ldf Ps nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] n3'
shf{ . ljut b'O{ jif{b]lv shf{ pkef]u u/L c;n ju{df k/]sf ;d"x ;b:oJolQmsf] xsdf tLg
nfv ?k}of ;Ldf sfod ul/Psf] .
-v_ gjLs/0fLo phf{ k|ljlw cGtu{t 3/]n' ;f}o{ ljB't k|0ffnL -Solar Home System_, ;f}o{ r'nf] -Solar
Cooker_, ;f}o{ 8fo/ -Solar Dryer_, ;f}o{ jf6/ kDk -Solar Pump_, afof]UofF; -Biogas_, ;'wfl/Psf]
kfgL 36\6 -Improved Water Mill_, ;'wfl/Psf] r'nf] -Improved Cook Stoves_ k|of]hgdf
k|ltkl/jf/ Ps nfv ?k}ofFdf gj9\g] u/L k|jfx u/]sf] shf{ . ljut b'O{ jif{b]lv shf{ pkef]u u/L
c;n ju{df k/]sf C0fLsf] xsdf o:tf] ;Ldf Ps nfv krf; xhf/ ?k}of sfod ul/Psf] .
-u_ ljkGg jf Go"g cfo ePsf JolQmnfO{ n3' pBd jf Joj;fo ;~rfng ug{sf nflu :jLsf/of]Uo
lwtf];fd"lxs hdfgLdf ;d"x ;b:onfO{ k|lt Joj;fo tLg nfv ?k}ofFdf ga9\g] u/L pknJw
u/fPsf] n3' pBd shf{ . ljut b'O{ jif{b]lv shf{ pkef]u u/L c;n ju{df k/]sf ;d"x ;b:osf]
xsdf ;ft nfv ?k}of ;Ldf sfod ul/Psf] .
-3_ j}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg] JolQmx?nfO{ lwtf] lnO{ jf glnO{ pknAw u/fPsf] k|ltJolQm ?= Psnfv
krf; xhf/;Ddsf] shf{ .

303
-_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] o'jf :j/f]huf/ tyf /f]huf/ k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd cGtu{t j}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg]
sfdbf/nfO{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]s]sf] a}+ssf] ;dGjodf s'g} klg s ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn]
k|bfg u/]sf] j}b]lzs /f]huf/ shf{ .
-r_ ljkGg ju{ shf{ k|fKt ug{ of]Uo JolQm;d'bfon] Psn jf ;fd'lxs?kdf un}+rfsf] nflu cfjZos
kg]{ pmg pTkfbg ug]{ k|of]hgfy{ e]8fkfng ug{ jf un+}rf a'Gg] tfg /fVgsf nflu a}+s tyf ljQLo
;+:yfx?jf6 :jLsf/of]Uo lwtf] lnO{ k|lt kl/jf/ ?=# nfvdf ga9\g] u/L -ljut b'O{ jif{b]lv ljkGg
ju{ shf{ pkef]u u/L c;n ju{df k/]sfsf] nflu ?= $ nfv x'g]_ k|jfx ePsf] shf{ .
To;}u/L, ljkGg ju{ shf{ k|fKt ug{ of]Uo ;LdfGtLs[t ;d'bfo tyf ;fgf ls;fg jf ls;fg
;d'bfon] dnvfb tyf ljpljhg vl/b, ;fd'lxs ?kdf pTkfbg e08f/0fsf] nflu zLt e08f/
-Cold Storage_ lgdf{0f, pTkfbgsf] ahf/Ls/0f, ;fgf l;+rfO{ s'nf], :ofnf] 6\o'jj]n h8fgh:tf
p2]Zosf nflu klg a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?af6 :jLsf/of]Uo lwtf] lnO{ k|lt kl/jf/ ?= # nfvdf
ga9\g] u/L k|jfx ul/Psf] shf{ . ;fy}, t/sf/L v]tL, kmnkm"n, kz'k+IfLkfng, dT:okfng,
df}/Lkfng, hl8a'6L pTkfbg tyf s[lif pkh e08f/0fh:tf Joj;fosf] nflu k|lt kl/jf/ ?= $ nfv
k}ofF;Ddsf] shf{, / ls;fgx?nfO{ t/sf/L tyf kmnkm'n e08f/0f k|df0fsf] cfwf/df k|bfg ul/Psf]
?= $ nfv k}ofF;Ddsf] shf{ .

-5_ dlxnfx?f/f ;~rflnt n3' pBdnfO{ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfaf6 k|jfx ePsf] ?= $ nfv;Ddsf]
shf{ . ;fy}, dlxnfx?f/f ;~rflnt n3' pBdnfO{ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfaf6 ;DalGwt kl/of]hgfsf]
lwtf]df k|jfx ePsf] ?= & nfv;Ddsf] kl/of]hgf shf{ .
o;/L shf{ k|jfx ubf{ k|rlnt sfg"gsf] clwgdf /xL kl/of]hgfsf] lwtf]df k|jfx ug'{kg]{ 5 / lgIf]k
tyf shf{ ;'/If0f lgudaf6 clgjfo{ ?kdf ;'/If0f ug]{ u/fpg] Joj:yf ;d]t ldnfO{ k|jfx ug'{ kg]{5
.
-h_ u|fdL0f If]qdf ul7t pkef]Qmf ;ldlt jf To:tf] If]qdf sfo{/t ;xsf/L ;+:yf dfkm{t ;fd'bflos
l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL]df k|jfx u/]sf] shf{ tyf u|fdL0f If]qdf 6ofS6/, y|];/ tyf cGo s[lif cf}hf/ vl/b
ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu k|jfx ePsf] shf{ .
-em_ dfWolds tyf pRr dfWolds tx ;/xsf] k|fljlws tyf Jofj;flos lzIff cWoogsf] nflu ljkGg
kl/jf/sf o'jfx?nfO{ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?af6 lagf lwtf]df k|jfx x'g] ?=@ nfv;Ddsf] shf{ .
o;/L k|jfx x'g] shf{sf] lgIf]k tyf shf{ ;'/If0f sf]ifaf6 clgjfo{ ?kdf ;'/If0f ug]{ u/fpg] Joj:yf
ug'{ kg]{5 .
-`_ ljkGg 3/kl/jf/x?nfO{ nlIft u/L gljs/0fLo phf{ k|a4{g ug]{ p2]Zon] cfof]hgfsf] s'n nfutsf]
%) k|ltzt jf ;f] eGbf a9L nufgL ug]{ pkef]Qmf ;ldlt, ;xsf/L, lghL tyf ;fj{hlgs lghL
;fem]bf/L :jfldTjdf cfwfl/t !))) lsnf]jf6 Ifdtf;Ddsf n3' tyf ;fgf hnljB't cfof]hgf,
%)) lsnf]jf6 lks Ifdtf;Ddsf ;f}o{ ldlg u|L8, @)) lsnf]jf6 Ifdtf;Ddsf] Uof;Lkmfo/ k|ljlw,
%)) lsnf]jf6 Ifdtf;Ddsf] jfo' tyf ;f}o{ jfo' phf{ ldlIft k|0ffnL / @)) 3gld6/ Ifdtf;Ddsf]
;+:yfut jfof]Uof; Knf06 h:tf kl/of]hgfdf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] pkef]Qmf ;ldlt, jrt
tyf C0f ;xsf/L jfx]ssf ljifout ;xsf/L, lghL tyf ;fj{hlgs lghL ;fem]bf/L ;+:yfnfO{ k|bfg
ug]{ ?= # s/f]8;Ddsf] shf{ tyf ;fk6 .
-6_ ;fgf ls;fg ju{n] cGgafnL ;+/If0f ug]{ k|of]hgfy{ ;fd'lxs :jfldTjdf sf]N8:6f]/]h :yfkgf ug{ rfx]df
;f]sf] nflu k|jfx x'g] k|lt kl/jf/ = # nfv;Ddsf] shf{ .
-7_ l/S;f ;~rfng x'g] t/fO{sf ;Dk"0f{ lhNnfx?df l/S;f rfnsx?nfO{ cfg} :jfldTjdf l/S;f vl/b
u/L cfkm} ;~rfng ug]{ k|of]hgsf nflu pQm l/S;fs} lwtf]df k|jfx ePsf] shf{ .
-8_ u|fdL0f If]qdf sfo{/t ;xsf/L ;+:yfnfO{ s[lif ;DaGwL kf]i6 xfe]{i6 ;]jf pknAw u/fpg] kl/of]hgf
;~rfngsf] nflu a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] k|bfg ug]{ ?= ! s/f]8;Ddsf] shf{ tyf ;fk6 .
-9_ r]kf h:tf lk5l8Psf cNk;+Vos hflt, ;'s'Djf;L, d'Qm sd}of, xlnof, sDn/L, jfbL ;d'bfo cflbnfO{
3/ lgdf{0f ug{ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] lagf lwtf] k|bfg u/]sf] ?=@ nfv;Ddsf] shf{ .

304
 -0f_ art tyf C0f ;DaGwL sf/f]af/ ug]{ ;xsf/L ;+:yfx? afx]s cGo ;DalGwt ljifout ;xsf/L
;+:yfn] ;d'x ;b:o dfkm{t ;fd'lxs v]tL tyf kz'k+IfLkfng ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu k|lt ;b:o ?=()
xhf/ ggfg] u/L ;d'x ;b:o ;+Vofsf] cfwf/df shf{ ;Ldf sfod x'g] u/L k|jfx ePsf] clwstd
?= Ps s/f]8;Ddsf] shf{ .
o;/L k|jfx ePsf] shf{ b'?kof]u ePsf] kfOPdf To:tf] shf{nfO{ v/fj shf{df juL{s/0f u/L !%)
k|ltzt hf]lvd ef/ sfod ug'{ kg]{5 .
-t_ hnljB't kl/of]hgfn] :yfgLo afl;Gbfx?sf nflu 5'6\ofPsf] ;]o/ v/Lb ug{ k|jflxt k|lt kl/jf/ ?=
krf; xhf/ ;Ddsf] shf{ .
-y_ Jofj;flos s[lif kl/of]hgfsf] lwtf]df k|jflxt ?= !) nfv;Ddsf] shf{ / g]kfn ;/sf/af6 :jLs[t eO{
sfof{Gjogdf cfPsf] Joj;flos s[lif tyf kz'kG5L shf{df k|bfg ul/g] Aofh cg'bfg ;DaGwL
sfo{ljlw, @)&# adf]lhd tf]lsPsf s[lif Joj;fox?df C0fLx?nfO{ k|jfx ePsf] ?= !) nfv;Ddsf]
shf{ .
-b_ ;fgf tyf n3' Joj;fox?nfO{ rncrn ;DklQ lwtf] lnO{ jf pBdkl/of]hgf lwtf] lnO{ k|jflxt ?=
!) nfv;Ddsf] shf{ .

4. Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?af6 lgDg cg';f/ ck|ToIf ?kdf k|jfx ePsf] shf{nfO{ ljkGg ju{df k|jfx ePsf]
shf{df u0fgf ul/g]5 .
-s_ ljkGg ju{df shf{ k|jfx ug]{ zt{df o; a}+saf6 3 ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? tyf ljQLo
dWo:ytfsf] sfd ug]{ ;+:yf ;DaGwL k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd n3' ljQ ;DaGwL sfo{ ug{ :yfkgf
ePsf ;+:yfx?nfO{ ;+:yfut Ifdtf tyf ;+:yfut hdfgLdf k|jfx u/]sf] yf]s shf{ .
-v_ ul/jLsf] /]vfd'lg /x]sf, ljkGg jf Go'g cfo ePsf hgtfsf] cfo tyf /f]huf/ a9fpg o; a}+saf6
Ohfhtkqk|fKt s, v / u ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] d"Nofg u/L of]Uo 7fg]sf u|fdL0f
If]qdf :yfkgf eO{ sfo{/t ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?nfO{ ljkGg ju{df nufgL ug]{ u/L yf]s shf{ pknAw
u/fpg ;Sg]5g\ .
-u_ ;fgf ls;fg ;xsf/L ;+:yf Pjd\ n3' ljQ sf/f]af/ ug]{ ;+:yfx?nfO{ yf]s shf{ k|jfx ug]{ p2]Zon]
:yfkgf ePsf 3 ju{sf n3'ljQ ljsf; a}+snfO{ k|jfx ul/Psf] yf]s shf{ .
-3_ o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] s, v / u ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+sljQLo
;+:yfaf6 shf{ lnO{ j}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg] sfdbf/nfO{ k|jfx u/]sf] ?= Ps nfv krf;xhf/
;Ddsf] shf{ . pko{'Qm shf{ ;DalGwt s, v / u ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+sljQLo ;+:yfsf]
ljkGg ju{ shf{ nufgLdf dfq u0fgf ul/g] 5 .
;fy}, a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] ljkGg ju{ shf{df u0fgf ug]{ k|of]hgsf nflu pknAw u/fPsf]
yf]s shf{ k|fKt ug]{ ;+:yfaf6 k|To]s ^^ dlxgfdf shf{sf] k|of]u ljkGg ju{df g} ePgePsf]
;DaGwdf k|ult ljj/0f lng' kg]{ tyf o; a}+ssf] lg/LIf0fsf] qmddf To;/L pknAw u/fOPsf] yf]s
shf{ b'?kof]u ePsf] kfOPdf b'?kof]u ePsf] shf{ a/fa/sf] /sd ljkGg ju{df u0fgf ul/g] 5}g .
-_ O{hfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] pknAw u/fPsf] shf{ ljkGg ju{df nufgL eP gePsf] ;DaGwdf ;DalGwt
a}+sljQLo ;+:yfaf6 g} cg'udg u/L ^^ dlxgfdf ;f]sf] ljj/0f o; a}+sdf k7fpg' kg]{ .
%= Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] 3 ju{sf] ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;+:yfks z]o/df u/]sf] nufgLnfO{
;d]t ck|ToIf ?kdf ljkGg ju{df k|jfx ul/Psf] shf{ ;/x u0fgf ul/g] 5 .
^= Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?af6 ljkGg ju{ shf{ cGtu{t n3'ljQ ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] k|fKt u/]sf] shf{ /sd zt
k|ltzt ljkGg ju{df clgjfo{ ?kdf shf{ k|jfx ug'{ kg]{5 . ;f] cg'?k nufgL gePdf Ohfhtkqk|fKt
;+:yfx?af6 n3'ljQ ljQLo ;+:yfx?nfO{ k|jfx x'g] To:tf] s'n yf]s shf{ ljkGg ju{ shf{df u0fgf x'g]
5}g .
&= ljkGg ju{df k|jfx ul/Psf] shf{ u0fgf ubf{ ^ dlxgf cl3sf] s'n afFsL shf{ ;fk6 -laN; vl/b tyf
l8:sfp06 ;lxt _ sf] cfwf/df k|To]s qodf;df cyf{t c;f]h, k'; , r}t / c;f/ d;fGtdf ul/g] 5 .

305
*= Ohfhtkqk|fKt jfl0fHo a}+s -s ju{ _, ljsf; a}+s -v ju{ _ / ljQ sDkgL -u ju{ _ af6 k|ToIf
?kdf lgDg zt{x?sf] clwgdf /xL c:ktfnnfO{ k|jfx x'g] shf{nfO{ ljkGg ju{ shf{df u0fgf ul/g]5 .
-s_ d'gfkmf ljt/0f gug]{ sDkgLsf] ?kdf To:tf] c:ktfn ;DalGwt lgsfodf btf{ ePsf] x'g' kg]{ .
-v_ ;DalGwt a}+sljQLo ;+:yfn] o; k|of]hgsf nflu cfgf] k|fylds k'FhL -Core Capital_ sf] a9Ldf
% k|ltzt ;Ddsf] shf{ /sd dfq k|jfx ug{ ;Sg] .
-u_ ;DalGwt c:ktfnn] g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;DalGwt lgsfoaf6 ;~rfng :jLs[lt k|bfg ul/+bf tf]lsPsf
;Dk"0f{ zt{x?sf] k"0f{ kfngf u/]sf] x'g' kg]{ .
-3_ ;DalGwt c:ktfnn] cfgf] s'n z}Yof Ifdtfsf] Go'gtd !) k|ltzt z}Yof lgMz'Ns ?kdf ljkGg
ju{sf hgtfx?nfO{ pknAw u/fpg] u/L cfjZos Joj:yf ldnfPsf] x'g' kg]{ .
-_ dfly v08 -s_ b]lv -3_ ;Dd plNnlvt zt{x? k'/f ePsf] olsg u/]/ dfq ;DalGwt a}+s tyf
ljQLo ;+:yfn] shf{ k|jfx u/]sf] x'g' kg]{ .
-r_ pko{'Qm dfkb08 k'/f u/]sf u|fdL0f If]qdf ;+rflnt ;fd'bflos c:ktfnnfO{ a}+s tyf ljQLo
;+:yfxaf6 k|ToIf kdf k|jfx x'g] =! s/f]8;Ddsf] shf{nfO{ ;d]t ljkGg ju{ shf{df u0fgf
ul/g]5 .
(= Go'g nfut cfjf; -Low Cost Housing_ shf{nfO{ ljkGg ju{df u0fgf ug]{ ;DaGwdf
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?af6 ljkGg ju{df u0fgf x'g of]Uo JolQmx?sf nflu dfq 3/hUuf vl/b tyf 3/
lgdf{0f shf{sf] cfjZostf k'/f ug]{ p2]Zon] b]xfo cg';f/sf] zt{sf] clwgdf /xL k|bfg ePsf] shf{nfO{
;d]t ljkGg ju{sf] shf{df u0fgf ul/g] 5 .
-s_ ;'/lIft lwtf] lnO{ ;fd'lxs jf JolQmut cfwf/df k|ToIf jf ck|ToIf ?kdf k|bfg x'g] ?= $
nfv;Ddsf] shf{ .
-v_ ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] cfgf] shf{ gLltdf o;/L ljkGg ju{nfO{ 3/hUuf vl/b tyf 3/
lgdf{0f shf{ k|bfg ug]{ ;DaGwdf :ki6 ?kdf pNn]v u/]sf] x'g' kg]{ .
-u_ o:tf] shf{ k|bfg ubf{ k|rlnt P]g, sfg'g tyf o; a}+ssf] gLlt lgb]{zg adf]lhdsf] ;Dk"0f{ k|lqmof
k'/f u/]sf] x'g' kg]{ .
-3_ ljkGg ju{ eGgfn] dfly a'Fbf g+= ! df plNnlvt kl/efiff cg';f/ Go'g cfo ePsf / vf;u/L
;fdflhs ?kdf lk5l8Psf dlxnf, hghflt, blnt ju{, cGwf, alx/f, zf/Ll/s ?kn] ckf JolQmx?,
;LdfGtLs[t ;d'bfo tyf ;fgf ls;fg, sflnu9, dhb'/ / e"ldxLg kl/jf/nfO{ ;Demg' kg]{ .
!)= o'jf tyf ;fgf Joj;foL :j/f]huf/ sf]if ;DaGwdf
!= a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] ljkGg ju{df k|jfx ug'{ kg]{ # k|ltzt -s ju{_, !=% k|ltzt -v ju{_ /
! k|ltzt -u ju{_ /sdsf] Ps ltxfO /sd g]kfn ;/sf/, cy{ dGqfno, o'jf tyf ;fgf Joj;foL
:j/f]huf/ sf]if -o;kl5 sf]if egLPsf]_ sf] gfddf cfg} ;+:yfdf vf]lnPsf] vftfdf hDdf ug'{
kg]{5 . a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] pko'{Qm plNnlvt /sdeGbf a9L /sd pSt vftfdf hDdf ug{ o;
Joj:yfn] afwf k'u]sf] dflgg] 5}g . sf]ifdf hDdf ePsf] /sd ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn]
sf]ifnfO{ k|jfx ul/Psf] shf{ dflgg]5 / o;/L hDdf ul/Psf] /sdnfO{ ljkGg ju{df u0fgf ul/g] 5
.
@= a}+sljQLo ;+:yfn] pka'Fbf g+= ! cg';f/ k|jfx u/]sf] shf{ h'g;'s} cj:yfdf shf{;fk6sf]
juL{s/0f / shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu c;n shf{df ;dfj]z ul/g]5 . o;}u/L a}+sn]
o:tf shf{sf] nflu hf]lvd ef/ k|bfg ubf{ Capital Adequacy Framework cGtu{t Claims on
Government zLif{sdf /fVg ;Sg] / v / u ju{sf ljQLo ;+:yfn] o:tf shf{df z'Go hf]lvd
ef/ k|bfg ug{ ;Sg] 5 .
#= vftf vf]Ng], vftf ;~rfng ug]{ / shf{ ;Df}tfdf x:tfIf/ ug]{ clVtof/L ;lxtsf] sfuhft lnO{
o'jf tyf ;fgf Joj;foL :j/f]huf/ sf]if sf] gfddf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] vftf vf]Ng' kg]{5 .
$= a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfaf6 sf]ifnfO{ k|jfx ul/Psf] pka'Fbf g+= ! sf] /sd r'Qmf ug]{ bfloTj sf]ifsf]
x'g]5 .

306
 %= sf]if / a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf larsf] ;Df}tf cg';"rL !&=! df pNn]v eP adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{5 .
o; k|of]hgsf] nflu pSt ;Demf}tf afx]s cGo s'g} sfuhft cfjZos kg]{5}g .
^= a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] o'jf tyf ;fgf Joj;foL :j/f]huf/ sf]if -;~rfng_ lgodfjnL, @)^%
cGtu{t o'jf tyf ;fgf Joj;foLx?nfO{ kl/of]hgf dfq lwtf] lnO{ b'O{ nfv;Ddsf] shf{ nufgL
u/]df To:tf] shf{nfO{ ljkGg ju{df u0fgf ul/g]5 . t/, pka'Fbf g+= ! df pNn]v ePsf] hDdf
ug'{kg]{ /sddf sf ug{ kfOg] 5}g . o:tf] shf{ k|jfx ubf{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf Joj:yfx? nfu" x'g]
5g\ M
s= Joj;fosf] p2]Zo cg';f/ shf{ cjwL a9Ldf kfFr jif{;Ddsf]] x'g]5 / a}+s tyf ljQLo
;+:yfsf] lgodfg';f/ tf]s]sf] ls:tfdf a'fpg' kg]{ u/L ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn]
ls:tf tf]Sg]5 / ;fFjf Aofh e'StfgL 5'6 cjlw (Grace Period) sf]ifn] tf]s] cg';f/ x'g]5 .
v= ;DalGwt JolStn] ug]{ :j/f]huf/d'ns Joj;fo;Fu ;DalGwt rn crn ;DklQ g} ;Dk"0f{
;fFjf Aofh e'Stfg gx'Gh]n;Dd a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] k|bfg u/]sf] shf{sf] lwtf] x'g]5 .
u= shf{ :jLs[t ug]{ jf gug]{ ;Dk"0f{ clwsf/ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfdf gLlxt /xg]5 .
3= pk/f]St adf]lhd shf{sf] hf]lvd tyf C0f c;'npk/ ug'{ kg]{ bfloTj ;DalGwt a}+s tyf
ljQLo ;+:yfdf /xg]5 .
&= a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] pka'Fbf g+= ^ adf]lhdsf] shf{ k|bfg ug{ o'jf tyf ;fgf Joj;foL
:j/f]huf/ sf]ifaf6 aflif{s & k|ltzt Aofhdf k'g/shf{ lng ;Sg] 5 .
*= sf]ifsf] ;~rfng o'jf tyf ;fgf Joj;foL :j/f]huf/ sf]if -;~rfng_ lgodfjnL, @)^%, shf{ tyf
aLdf Joj:yf ;DaGwL lgb]{lzsf, @)^% / o; a}+saf6 hf/L o;} lgb]{zgdf pNn]v eP adf]lhd
x'g]5 .
(= dfly h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf -3 ju{ afx]s_ n]
ljkGg ju{df u0fgf x'g] o'jf tyf ;fgf Joj;foL :j/f]huf/ sf]ifdf hDdf ug'{kg]{ /sd csf]{
kl/kqaf6 ;'rgf hf/L geP;Dd ldlt @)^^!!@^ sf] kl/kq cg';f/ @)^^ r}td;fGtb]lv nfu"
x'g] u/L pQm sf]ifdf /sd hDdf ug{'kg]{ 5}g . t/, o;/L o'jf tyf ;fgf Joj;foL :j/f]huf/ sf]ifdf
tTsfnnfO{ /sd hDdf ug'{ gk/] tfklg a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] o;} lgb]{zgsf] a'Fbf g+= ! cg';f/sf]
b/n] ljkGg ju{df k|jfx ug'{kg]{ /sd k'j{jt g} nufgL ug'{ kg]{5 .
!!= ljkGg ju{df k|jflxt shf{ ;DaGwL g]=/f= a}+s lgb]{zg kmf/fd g+= (=% cg';f/sf] q}dfl;s ljj/0f o;
a}+ssf] ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf qodf; ;dfKt ePsf] ldltn] !% lbgleq k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
!@= ;DalGwt O{hfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ljkGg ju{df k|jfx ul/g] shf{ ;DaGwL gLltut Pjd\ k|lqmofut
Joj:yfnfO{ cfgf] shf{ gLltdf :ki6 ?kdf pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .
!#= cGo lgb]{zgdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg ;fd'lxsJolQmut;+:yfut hdfgLdf k|ToIf jf ck|ToIf
?kdf ljkGg ju{df u0fgf x'g] u/L k|jfx ul/Psf] shf{sf] nflu cltl/Qm aL; k|ltzt yk shf{ gf]S;fgL
Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{ 5}g .
!$= ljkGg ju{df k|jfx ug]{ u/L k|fKt ;fk6L /sdnfO{ nlIft ju{df k|jfx gu/L ;f] afktsf] /sd Aofh cfh{g
x'g] u/L s'g} klg a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfdf hDdf ug{ kfOg] 5}g . t/ o; Joj:yfn] 3 ju{sf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] xsdf shf{ ;Ldf -Line of Credit_ pkof]u ug{ afwf k'ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] ljkGg ju{ shf{df u0fgf ug]{ k|of]hgsf nflu pknAw u/fPsf] yf]s shf{ k|fKt
ug]{ ;+:yfaf6 k|To]s ^^ dlxgfdf shf{sf] k|of]u ljkGg ju{df g} ePgePsf] ;DaGwdf k|ult ljj/0f
lng' kg]{5 . o; a}+ssf] lg/LIf0fsf] qmddf To;/L pknAw u/fOPsf] yf]s shf{ nlIft ju{df k|jfx ePsf]
gkfO{Pdf ;f] shf{ a/fa/sf] /sd ljkGg ju{df u0fgf ul/g] 5}g .
!%= dfly plNnlvt a'Fbf -!$_ adf]lhdsf] yf]s shf{ k|jfx ug]{ ;+:yfn] p2]Zo adf]lhd ;Dk"0f{ yf]s shf{ /sd
k|jfx u/]gu/]sf] ljj/0f lnO{ ;f]sf] k|dfl0fs/0f u/L k|To]s cfly{s jif{sf] df3 / ;fpg d;fGtdf
;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefunfO{ hfgsf/L lbg' kg]{5 .
!^= Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ljkGg ju{df k|jfx ug'{kg]{ shf{ ;DaGwL lgb]{zg adf]lhdsf] shf{ k|jfx gu/]df jf
sd k|jfx u/]df Go'gtd ?kdf k'/ofpg' kg]{ /sddf x'g cfpg] gk'u /sddf g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%*

307
 sf] bkmf *! adf]lhd ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ;f] u0fgf cjlwdf shf{df lng] clwstd
Aofhb/n] x'g] /sd xhf{gf nufOg] 5 . o;/L xhf{gf nufpFbf To:tf] gk'u /sdsf] q}dfl;s ?kdf x'g
cfpg] Aofh /sd lgwf{/0f u/L ;f]xL a/fa/sf] /sd xhf{gf /sd sfod ul/g]5 .
t/ clGtd C0fbftf ;DaGwL ;'ljwf pkof]u ug]{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] xsdf ;f] shf{;'ljwf k|fKt
u/]sf] ldlt b]lv ljkGg ju{ shf{ k|jfx gu/]sf] sf/0fn] ;f] shf{sf] ;Ldf gk'uL nfUg] xhf{gfdf plNnlvt
clGtd C0fbftf ;'ljwf sfod /x];Dd 5'6 k|bfg ul/g] 5 .
o; a}+saf6 g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf *^v= adf]lhd ;d:ofu|:t 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] jf a}+s tyf
ljQLo ;+:yfsf] lz3| ;'wf/fTds sf/jfxL ;DaGwL ljlgodfjnL, @)^$ sf] ljlgod # sf] v08 -v_
adf]lhdsf] sf/jfxLdf /x]sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?nfO{ pQm cjlwe/ ljkGg ju{df k|jfx ug'{kg]{ shf{
k|jfx gu/]sf] sf/0fn] nfUg] xhf{gfdf 5'6 k|bfg ul/g] 5 .
!&= tf]lsPsf pTkfbgzLn If]q shf{ ;DaGwL Joj:yf
-!_ Go"gtd shf{ k|jfx M
o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt s, v / u ju{sf a}s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] tf]lsPsf
pTkfbgzLn If]qdf cfgf] s'n shf{ tyf ;fk6sf] Go'gtd qmdzM @) k|ltzt, !% k|ltzt / !)
k|ltzt shf{ k|jfx ug'{ kg]{5 . s ju{sf] jfl0fHo a}+sx?n] o;dWo] s[lif / phf{ If]qdf s'n shf{
nufgLsf] Go'gtd !% k|ltzt shf{ k|jfx ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ cg'udg tyf xhf{gf M
-s_ o; Joj:yf cg';f/ shf{ k|jfx gu/]df jf sd k|jfx u/]df Go"gtd ?kdf k'ofpg' kg]{ /sddf
x'g cfpg] gk'u /sddf @)&$ c;f/ d;fGtb]lv g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf *!
adf]lhd ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ;f] u0fgf cjlwdf shf{df lng] clwstd Aofhb/n]
x'g] /sd xhf{gf nufOg]5 . o;/L xhf{gf nufpFbf To:tf] gk'u /sdsf] q}dfl;s ?kdf x'g
cfpg] Aofh /sd lgwf{/0f u/L ;f]xL a/fa/sf] /sd xhf{gf sfod ul/g]5 .
-v_ s ju{sf jfl0fHo a}+sx?sf xsdf pTkfbgzLn If]q jf ;f] dWo]sf] s[lif tyf phf{ If]q b'a}df
sd shf{ k|jfx ePdf bf]xf]/f] gkg]{ u/L h'gdf a9L xhf{gf nfUb5 ;f]xL adf]lhd xhf{gf /sd
u0fgf ul/g]5 .
-u_ pTkfbgzLn If]qdf k|jfx ul/g] shf{ u0fgf ubf{ ^ dlxgf cl3sf] s'n afFsL shf{ tyf ;fk6 -
laN; vl/b tyf l8:sfp06 ;lxt_ sf] cfwf/df k|To]s qodf;df cyf{t\ c;f]h, k';, r}t /
c;f/ d;fGtdf ul/g]5 .
-3_ o; lgb]{zg adf]lhd pTkfbgzLn If]qdf k|jfx ul/g] shf{sf] dfl;s ljj/0f dlxgf ;dfKt
ePsf] !% lbgleq g]=/f=a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+=!&=! cg'?ksf] 9fFrfdf / @)&$ c;f/ d;fGtb]lv
q}dfl;s ljj/0f q}dfl;s cjlw ;dfKt ePsf] Ps dlxgfleq g]=/f=a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+=!&=@
cg'?ksf] 9fFrfdf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu / ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf k]z
ug'{ kg]{5 .
:ki6Ls/0fM
-!_ pTkfbgzLn If]q eGgfn] s[lif, phf{, ko{6g If]q / 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]unfO{ hgfpF5 .
-@_ s[lif If]q eGgfn] -s_ cGg, t/sf/L tyf cGo gub] jfnL, -v_ lrofskmL, ;'lt{, ;gkf6, kmnkm'n tyf
k'ik v]tL, -u_ kz', k+IfL tyf dfx'/L kfng, -3_ dnvfb tyf ls6gfzs, -_ zLt e08f/0f, -r_ l;FrfO{, -
5_ jg, -h_ kz' jf kG5L jwzfnf -em_ cGo s[lif tyf s[lif hGo ;]jfx? -`_ df5fkfng, -o; a}+saf6
hf/L g]= /f= a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+= #=! sf] qm=;+= ! / @ adf]lhdsf]_ If]qx?nfO{ hgfpg] 5 . To;}u/L s[lif If]q
cGtu{t -s_ s[lif cf}hf/, -v_ dn, -u_ ljpljhg, -3_ kz'k+IfLbfgf, -_ s[lif pTkfbg e08f/0f / -r_
lrof, skmL, cb'jf / kmnkm'n k|zf]wg tyf cfGtl/s s[lif pkhsf] k|fylds ?kdf x'g] k|zf]wg ;d]t kg]{5 .
-#_ phf{ If]q eGgfn] hnljB't / gljs/0fLo phf{ ;DaGwL -o; a}+saf6 hf/L g]= /f= a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+= #=!
sf] qm=;+= &=! adf]lhdsf]_ If]qx?nfO{ dfq hgfpg] 5 .
-$_ ko{6g If]q eGgfn] -s_ 6]ls, 6fen Ph]G;L, kj{tf/f]x0f, l/;f]6{, ofl6, SoflDk, cflb, -v_ xf]6n, -u_
dgf]/+hg, l/lqmP;g, rnlrq ;DaGwL -o; a}+saf6 hf/L g]= /f= a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+= #=! sf] qm=;+= !@

308
 adf]lhdsf]_ / -3_ sf7df8f}+ pkTosf, lj/f6gu/, hgsk'/, jL/u~h, kf]v/f, e}/xjf, g]kfnu~h / wgu9Ldf
;fj{hlgs ;x/L oftfoft ;]jf ;+rfng ug]{ ;+ul7t ;+:yfnfO{ k|jflxt shf{ .
-%_ 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u eGgfn] cf}Bf]lus Joj;fo P]g, @)&# sf] cg';"rL@ df plNnlvt 3/]n' pBf]ux? /
bz s/f]8 ?k}of;Dd l:y/ k"FhL ePsf ;fgf pBf]ux? dfq kg]{5g\ . t/, s[lif, phf{ / ko{6g If]qdf k/]sf
pBf]ux?nfO{ bf]xf]/f] kg]{ u/L 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u cGtu{t /fVg kfOg] 5}g .
-#_ tf]lsPsf pTkfbgzLn If]q shf{ ;DjGwL Joj:yfsf] k|of]hgsf nflu a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n]
:jLs[t u/]sf] s'n shf{ ;LdfnfO{ g} k|jflxt shf{sf] ?kdf u0fgf ug{ ;Sg]5g\ .
!*= vf/]hL / jrfpm
-!_ o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?nfO{ hf/L ul/Psf b]xfosf lgb]{zgx?nfO{
vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 .
PsLs[t lgb]{zg, @)&# sf] ljkGg ju{df k|jfx ug'{ kg]{ shf{ ;DaGwL Joj:yf O=k|f= lgb]{zg g+=
!&)&# af6 hf/L ul/Psf] lgb]{zg tyf ;f] kZrft ldlt @)&$ ;fpg ( ut] ;Dd hf/L ePsf
o;} ljifo;Fu ;DalGwt ;Dk"0f{ kl/kqx? .
-@_ pka'Fbf -!_ adf]lhd vf/]h ul/Psf lgb]{zg tyf kl/kq adf]lhd eP u/]sf sfd sf/jfxL o;}
lgb]{zg adf]lhd eP u/]sf] dflgg]5 .

309
 cg';"rLM !&=!
a}+sljQLo ;+:yf tyf sf]ifaLr x'g] ;Demf}tf

o'jf tyf ;fgf Joj;foL :j/f]huf/ sf]if -;~rfng_ lgodfjnL, @)^% adf]lhd :yflkt cy{ dGqfnosf] o'jf
tyf ;fgf Joj;foL :j/f]huf/ sf]ifsf tkm{af6 ldlt ============== sf] clVtof/ k|fKt ============= >L
========================= -o;kl5 sf]if egLPsf]_ / a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)&# adf]lhd :yflkt
======lhNnf===== g=kf= j8f g+= ===== l:yt ========================= sf tkm{af6 clVtof/ k|fKt ================>L
================ -o;kl5 a}+sljQLo ;+:yf egLPsf]_ sf aLr tkl;nsf zt{x?sf clwgdf /xL b'a} kIfsf] dgf]dfg
/fhLv'zLn] tkl;nsf ;fIfLx?sf /f]xj/df sf]ifsf] sfof{nodf a;L of] ;Demf}tf ul/Psf] 5 .
tkl;n
!= a}+sljQLo ;+:yfn] g]kfn /fi6 a}+s, a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefusf] lgb]{zg g+======== sf] a'Fbf g+======= tyf
;f]df ;do ;dodf x'g] ;+zf]wg cg';f/ sf]ifdf /sd hDdf ug]{5 . sf]ifdf hDdf ePsf] /sd ;DalGwt
a}+sljQLo ;+:yfn] sf]ifnfO{ k|jfx ul/Psf] shf{ dflgg]5 . a}+sljQLo ;+:yfn] x/]s q}df;df sf]ifdf hDdf u/]sf]
/sd / s'n shf{ jSof}tf /sd v'nfO{ sf]ifnfO{ lnlvt hfgsf/L lbg]5 . o;/L hfgsf/L lbPsf] & lbgleq
a}+sljQLo ;+:yfn] sf]ifaf6 s'g} cGoyf Joxf]/fsf] lnlvt ;'rgf k|fKt gu/]df pk/f]St adf]lhd hfgsf/L
u/fOPsf] /sd g} sf]ifn] a}+sljQLo ;+:yfaf6 lnPsf] shf{ /sd dflgg]5 .
@= a'Fbf g+= ! adf]lhd k|jfx ul/Psf] shf{jfkt sf]ifn] a}+sljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ q}dfl;s ?kdf e'Qmfg ug]{ u/L jflif{s %
k|ltzt Aofh lbg]5 . sf]ifn] k|bfg ug]{ k'g/shf{df & k|ltzt Aofhb/ a}+sljQLo ;+:yfn] q}dfl;s ?kdf sf]ifnfO{
e'Qmfg ug'{ kg]{5 . o:tf] Aofhb/, ahf/b/ / d'b|f:kmLltnfO{ dWogh/ /fvL b'j} kIfsf] lnlvt ;xdltdf ;do
;dodf k'g/fjnf]sg ul/g]5 .
#= sf]ifn] lnPsf] shf{ / a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n]] sf]if;Fu lnPsf] k'g/shf{df nfUg] Aofh ltg]{ bfloTj sf]i fsf] /
a}+sljQLo ;+:yfx? b'j}sf] /xg]5 . lnPsf] shf{sf] a'fpg'kg]{ Aofh /sd sf]ifn] / a}+sljQLo ;+:yfn] q}dfl;s
?kdf cfiff9, c;f]h, k'; / r}td;fGtdf glt/]df ;Dk"0f{ ;fFjf tyf Aofh e'Stfg ug{ sf]if / a}+sljQLo ;+:yf b'j}
kIfn] ;"lrt ug{ ;Sg]5 . ;f] cg';f/ ;'rgf kfPdf & -;ft_ lbgleq sf]if jf a}+sljQLo ;+:yfx?n] ;Dk"0f{ ;fFjf
Aofh e'Stfg ug]{5 .
$= a'Fbf g+= # adf]lhd ;fFjf /jf Aofh e'Stfg gu/]df e'StfgL ug'{kg]{ ldltb]lv e'StfgL x'g] ldlt;Ddsf] cjlwsf]
nflu jflif{s !) k|ltzt / @ k|ltzt k]gfn Aofh ;lxt ;fFjf /jf Aofh sf]if jf a}+sljQLo ;+:yfn] e'Stfg
ug]{5 .
%= o; ;Demf}tfsf] cjlw cfhsf] ldltb]lv nfu" eO{ k|jfx u/]sf] shf{ r'Qmf geP;Ddsf] cjlwsf] nflu nfu" x'g]5 .
^= s'g} klg ;dodf sf]ifn] a}+sljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ sDtLdf !% lbgsf] k'j{ ;'rgf lbO{ afFsL ;Dk"0f{ ;fFjf Aofh
a}+sljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ lt/L a'emfO{ ;Df}tf ;dfKt ug{ ;Sg]5 .
&= ;Demf}tf cjlwe/ s'g} klg avt sf]if la36g ePdf clanDa sf]ifn] ltg'{a'emfpg'kg]{ ;Dk"0f{ ;fFjf Aofh /sd
sf]ifn] a}+sljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ ltg{a'emfpg kg]{5 .
*= b'a} kIfsf] lnlvt ;xdltdf o; ;Demf}tfdf plNnlvt zt{x? ;+zf]wg, km]/abn jf yk36 ug{ ;lsg]5 .
(= a}+sljQLo ;+:yfn] lgoldt shf{ c;'n ePsf] cj:yfdf l;w} ;x'lnot b/df nfUg] Aofhsf] ^) k|ltzt /sd
36fO{ u0fgf u/L lng]5 . Aofh lgoldt gePsf] v08df o'jf tyf ;fgf Joj;foL :j/f]huf/ sf]if -;~rfng_
lgodfjnL, @)^% adf]lhd c;'npk/ ug]{5 .
o'jf tyf ;fgf Joj;foL :j/f]huf/ sf]ifsf a}+sljQLo ;+:yfsf tkm{af6
clVtof/ k|fKt clVtof/ k|fKt
gfd gfd
kb kb
x:tfIf/ x:tfIf/
5fk 5fk
ldlt ldlt
;fIfL ;fIfL
================================= ================================

Olt ;Dat\ @)&===;fn ======= dlxgf ====== ut] /f]h ===== z'ed\

310
 g]=/f= a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+= !&=!
===================================== lnld6]8
s[lif, phf{, ko{6g If]q / 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]udf ePsf] shf{ nufgLsf] dfl;s ljj/0f
-?= bz nfvdf_

qm= ;+= ljj/0f :jLs[t shf{ shf{ s'n shf{df s}lkmot

;Ldf ?= aSof}tf :jLs[t shf{
/sd ?= ;Ldfsf] k|ltzt
! s[lif If]q tkm{

!=! s[lif / jg ;DaGwL

!=@ df5fkfng ;DaGwL
!=# s[lif cf}hf/
!=$ dn -qm=;+= !=! df ;dfj]z afx]s_
!=% aLpljhg
!=^ kz'k+IfLbfgf
!=& s[lif pTkfbg e08f/0f
!=* lrof, slkm, cb'jf, kmnkm'n k|zf]wg tyf
cfGtl/s s[lif pkhsf] k|fylds ?kdf x'g]
k|zf]wg
@= phf{ If]q tkm{
@=! hnljB't
@=# gjLs/0fLo phf{
#= ko{6g If]q tkm{
#=! 6]ls, 6fen Ph]G;L, kj{tf/f]x0f, l/;f]6{, /fl6,
SoflDk cflb
#=@ xf]6n -cGo ;]jf ;d]t_
#=# dgf]/+hg, l/lqmP;g, rnlrq
#=$ ;fj{hlgs zx/L oftfoft ;]jf
$= 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u tkm{
$=! 3/]n' pBf]u
$=@ ;fgf pBf]u
s[lif / phf{ If]qsf] s'n -!@_
s[lif, phf{, ko{6g If]q / 3/]n' tyf ;fgf
pBf]usf] s'n hDdf -!@#$_

;+:yfsf] s'n shf{ nufgL

sf7df8f}+ pkTosf, lj/f6gu/, hgsk'/, jL/u~h, kf]v/f, e}/xjf, g]kfnu~h / wgu9Ldf ;Grflnt ;fj{hlgs ;x/L
oftfoft ;]jf

311
 g]=/f=a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+= !&=@
========================================== lnld6]8
pTkfbgzLn -s[lif, phf{, ko{6g, 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]utkm{_ If]q shf{ nufgL
ldlt ======== df ;dfKt qodf;sf] ljj/0f

-?= bz nfvdf_
o; qodf; ut qodf;
qm=;+= ljj/0f /sd -?=_ k|ltzt /sd -?=_ k|ltzt
shf{ shf{ shf{ shf{ shf{ shf{ shf{ shf{
;Ldf k|jfx ;Ldfdf k|jfxdf ;Ldf k|jfx ;Ldfdf k|jfxdf
! s[lif
@ phf{
# ko{6g
$ 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u
hDdf -!@#$_
;+:yfsf] s'n shf{ nufgL /sd

312
 g]kfn /fi6 a}+s
s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu

O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= !*)&$

:t/f]Gglt x"g], sfo{If]q lj:tf/ jf ;+s"rg tyf ufEg]ufleg] ;DaGwL Joj:yf .

a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)&# adf]lhd tNnf] ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ljQLo ;+:yf dflyNnf]
ju{df kl/0ft x'gsf] nflu jf b'O{ jf b'O{eGbf a9L Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf Ps cfk;df ufEgufleg jf o;/L
ufleO{ ;s]kl5 :t/f]Gglt x'g tyf xfnsf] ju{df g} /xL sfo{If]q lj:tf/ ug{ o; a}+sdf lgj]bg lbg] s, v /
u ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?sf] xsdf lgDgfg';f/sf] Joj:yf sfod ul/Psf] x'Fbf ;f]xL adf]lhd
ug'{u/fpg' x'g g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf &( n] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L of] lgb]{zg hf/L ul/Psf]
5.
-s_ :t/f]Gglt x'g] ;DaGwL Joj:yf
!= kl/efiffM
o; lgb]{zg adf]lhd :t/f]Gglt eGgfn] a'Fbf g+= -@_ adf]lhdsf] dfkb08 k'/f u/]sf o; a}+saf6
Ohfhtkqk|fKt /fli6o:t/sf] sfo{If]q ePsf u jf v ju{sf ljQLo ;+:yf qmdzM v jf s ju{sf]
;+:yfdf kl/0ft x'g;Sg] cj:yf ;Demg' kb{5 .
@= :t/f]Gglt x'g] ;DaGwL dfkb08M
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)&# sf] bkmf #* adf]lhd o; a}+saf6 v jf u ju{sf]
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ljQLo ;+:yf :t/f]Gglt x'gsf] nflu b]xfosf k'j{of]Uotfdfkb08x? k'/f ePsf] jf u/]sf]
x'g' kg]{5 M
-s_ ;+:yfn] ;DalGwt ju{sf] ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt u/]sf] cjlw % jif{ k'/f u/]sf] .
-v_ ;+:yf kl5Nnf] kfFr cfly{s jif{df nuftf/ ?kdf gfkmfdf /x]sf] .
-u_ ;+:yf ;l~rt gf]S;fgLdf g/x]sf] .
-3_ ljut kfFr jif{sf] cf};t s'n lgliqmo sh{f (Non performing loan) cg'kft % k|ltzt eGbf tn
/x]sf] .
-_ dflyNnf] ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf nflu o; a}+sn] tf]s]sf] Go'gtd r'Qmf k'FhL k'/f ePsf] .
-r_ ;+:yfn] o; a}+sf/f hf/L k'FhL kof{Kttf, k|lt u|fxs shf{ ;Ldf, shf{ lgIf]k cg'kft, shf{ gf]S;fgL
Joj:yf / ljQLo ;|f]t kl/rfng ;DaGwL lgb]{zgx? k"0f{ ?kdf kfngf u/]sf] tyf ljut kfFr jif{b]lv
nuftf/ o; a}+sn] tf]s]sf] Go"gtd k'FhL kof{Kttf cg'kft sfod u/]sf] .
-5_ ;+:yf jf ;~rfns ;ldltkbflwsf/LnfO{ o; a}+saf6 ;'zf;g nufot v08 -r_ df plNnlvt
lgb]{zgx? kfngf gu/]sf] ljifodf sf/jfxL ePsf] eP ;f] sf/jfxL km's'jf ePsf] cjlw # jif{ k'/f
ePsf] .
-h_ lz3| ;'wf/fTds sf/jfxL ePsf] eP ;f] sf/jfxL km's'jf ePsf] # jif{ k'/f ePsf] .
-em_ ;+:yfn] cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{;Ddsf] n]vfk/LIf0f ;DkGg u/]sf] .
-`_ /fli6o:t/sf] sfo{If]q ePsf] v ju{af6 s ju{df :t/f]Gglt x'g rfxg] ;+:yfsf] cl3Nnf] cfly{s
jif{df Joj;fosf] cfsf/ -lgIf]k tyf shf{sf] s'n of]u_] Go'gtd r'Qmf k'FhLsf] !% u'0ff -xfnsf]
ju{sf]_ / u|fxs ;+Vof @% xhf/ -lgIf]kstf{ / C0fL_ ePsf] .

313
 -6_ /fli6o:t/sf] sfo{If]q ePsf] u ju{af6 v ju{df :t/f]Gglt x'g rfxg] ;+:yfsf] cl3Nnf] cfly{s
jif{df Joj;fosf] cfsf/ -lgIf]k tyf shf{sf] s'n of]u_] Go'gtd r'Qmf k'FhLsf] !% u'0ff -xfnsf]
ju{sf]_ / u|fxs ;+Vof !) xhf/ -lgIf]kstf{ / C0fL_ ePsf] .
#= :t/f]Ggltsf nflu lgj]bg lbg]M
a'Fbf g+=@ adf]lhdsf dfkb08x? k'/f u/]sf] ;+:yfn] :t/f]Gglt x'g] ;}4flGts ;xdltsf nflu b]xfosf
sfuhft tyf ljj/0f;lxt o; a}+s ;dIf lgj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 M
-s_ ;}4flGts ;xdltsf] nflu cg';"rL !*=! adf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf lgj]bg .
-v_ o; a}+sn] tf]s]sf] Go'gtd r'Qmf k'FhL k'u]sf] Joxf]/f o; a}+ssf] ;'rLs[t n]vfkl/Ifsaf6 k|dfl0ft
ePsf] ljj/0f .
-u_ :t/f]Gglt x'g] ;DaGwdf ;DalGwt ;+:yfsf] jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;efn] u/]sf] lg0f{osf] 5lalrq .
-3_ ;+:yfsf] sDtLdf cfufdL % jif{sf] Jofj;flos of]hgf tyf k|If]k0f (Business Plan and Projection)
-_ cg';"rL !*=@ / cg';"rL !*=# adf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf b'O{ k|ltzt jf ;f] eGbf a9L ;]o/ wf/0f
u/]sf ;+:yfksx?sf] JolQmut ljj/0f .
-r_ ;+:yfksx?n] ;DalGwt ;+:yfaf6 shf{ glnPsf] :jM3f]if0ff kq .
-5_ ;+:yfksx?n] cGo a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:Yffx?af6 C0f lnO{ efvf ggf3]sf] jf shf{ ;'rgf s]Gb| ln=
sf] sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z gePsf] Joxf]/f pNn]v ePsf] :jM3f]if0ff kq .
-h_ jt{dfg ;]o/ k'FhL ;+/rgf / :jfldTj -;+:yfks ;d'x / ;j{;fwf/0f ;d'x_ ;DaGwL ljj/0f .
-em_ ;+:yfksx?n] s'g} Ps a+}s tyf ljQLo ;+:Yffdf r'Qmf k'FhLsf] a9Ldf !% k|ltzt / cGo a}+s tyf
ljQLo ;+:yfx?df r'Qmf k'FhLsf] a9Ldf ! k|ltzt eGbf a9L nufgL gu/]sf] :jM3f]if0ff .
-`_ o; a}+s ;dIf lgj]bg lb+bfsf jvt ;+:yfsf] s'n shf{sf] % k|ltzt eGbf sd lgliqmo shf{ /x]sf]
k'i6\ofO{F x'g] sfuhft .
-6_ ;+:yf ;+:yfkgf ubf{ vr{ ePsf] k'j{ ;~rfng vr{ k"0f{ ?kdf ckn]vg ePsf] k|dfl0ft x'g] sfuhft
.
-7_ ;+:yf kl5Nnf] % jif{b]lv nuftf/ d'gfkmfdf ;~rfng e}/x]sf] k|dfl0ft x'g] n]vfk/LIf0f ePsf] ljut
% jif{sf] ljQLo ljj/0f .
-8_ ;+:yfn] New Capital Adequacy Framework k"0f{ ?kdf nfu" ug{;Sg] of]hgf tyf ;~rfns
;ldltsf] k|ltj4tf .
-9_ ;]o/ vl/b laqmL sf/f]af/ /f]Ssf ePsf] Joxf]/fsf] lwtf]kq ljlgdo ahf/sf] kq .
-0f_ k'FhL kof{Kttf, k|lt u|fxs shf{ ;Ldf, shf{ lgIf]k cg'kft, shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf / ljQLo ;|f]t
kl/rfng ;DaGwL lgb]{zgx? k"0f{ ?kdf kfngf u/]sf] :jM3f]if0ff tyf ;f] k'i6\ofO{F x'g] sfuhft .
-t_ ljut # jif{df lz3| ;'wf/fTds sfo{jfxL gePsf] :jM3f]if0ff .
-y_ n]vfk/LIf0f ePsf] cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] ljQLo ljj/0fsf] cfwf/df Joj;fosf] cfsf/ -lgIf]k tyf
shf{sf] s'n of]u_ / u|fxs ;+Vof -lgIf]kstf{ / C0fL_ o; lgb]{zg adf]lhd /x]sf] k'i6\ofO{F x'g]
sfuhft .
$= ;}4flGts ;xdltM
-!_ a'Fbf g+= -#_ cg';f/ :t/f]Ggltsf nflu k]z x'g cfPsf] lgj]bgdfly o; a}+sn] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf
;DaGwL P]g, @)^# sf] bkmf #^, o;} lgb]{zgsf] a'Fbf g+= @ adf]lhdsf] k'j{of]Uotf tyf k]z x'g
cfPsf sfuhft tyf ljj/0fx? d"Nofg u/L dflyNnf] ju{sf] ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug]{ cg'dlt k|bfg ug]{
k|lqmofut Joj:yf cjnDag ug]{5 / dflyNnf] ju{sf] ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug{ rfxg] ;DalGwt ljQLo
;+:yfx?nfO{ plNnlvt Joxf]/f hfgsf/L u/fpg]5 . o;/L hfgsf/L pknAw u/fp+bf b]xfosf zt{x?
sfod u/L ;}4flGts ;xdlt k|bfg ug{ ;lsg]5 M

314
 -s_ dflyNnf] ju{sf] ljQLo sf/f]af/ ;+Rffngsf] nflu hf/L k'FhLsf] )=)@ k|ltztn] x'g] /sd o;
a}ssf] gf=gf]=cf=lx= km'6s/ zLif{sdf hDdf u/L ;Ssn ef}r/ ;lxt cg';"rL !*=$
adf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf lgj]bg lbg'kg]{ .
-v_ dflyNnf] ju{sf] ;+:yfn] ug]{ sfo{ ;dfj]z u/L sDkgL /lhi6f/sf] sfof{noaf6 k|dfl0ft
;+zf]lwt k|aGwkq / lgodfjnLsf] k|ltlnkL k]z ug'{kg]{ .
-u_ ;+zf]lwt shf{ gLlt, cfly{s k|zf;g ljlgodfjnL, sd{rf/L k|zf;g ljlgodfjnL / shf{
ckn]vg ljlgodfjnL k]z ug'{kg]{ .
-3_ dflyNnf] ju{sf] ;+:yfsf] ;+u7gfTds ;+/rgf / kbflwsf/Lx?sf] ljj/0f k]z ug'{kg]{ .
-_ ;'rgf k|ljlw tyf ;6j]o/ ;DaGwL ljj/0f k]z ug'{kg]{ .
-@_ :t/f]Ggltsf] nflu lgj]bg lbPkl5 ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefu;Fu ;dGjo u/L tof/ ul/Psf] ljz]if
lg/LIf0f k|ltj]bg ;d]tnfO{ cfwf/ dfgL :t/f]Ggltsf nflu ul7t l;kmfl/; ;ldltdf cfjZos
5nkmn u/L ;f] ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/;df dfq :jLs[lt k|bfg ul/g] 5 .
-#_ ;}4flGts ;xdlt k|bfg ePsf] ldltn] ^ dlxgfleq dflyNnf] ju{sf] ljQLo sf/f]af/ ;~rfng ug{
cfj]bg ul/;Sg' kg]{5 . tf]lsPsf] ;doleq cfj]bg gu/]df o; a}+sn] k|bfg u/]sf] ;}4flGts ;xdlt
/2 ug{ ;lsg]5 .
%= ;}4flGts ;xdlt lbg OGsf/ ug{ ;lsg]M
-!_ o; lgb]{zgdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f pNn]v ul/Psf] eP tfklg o; a}+sn] b]xfosf] s'g} cj:yfdf
:t/f]Gglt x'g rfxg] ;+:yfnfO{ :t/f]Ggltsf] nflu ;}4flGts ;xdlt lbg OGsf/ ug{ ;Sg]5 M
-s_ a} jf ljQLo If]qsf] ljBdfg cj:yf / ;DefJotfsf] cfwf/df dflyNnf] ju{sf] ljQLo
sf/f]af/ ;~rfng ug{ yk a} jf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ Ohfhtkq lbg pko'St gb]lvPdf .
-v_ v08 -s_ sf] cj:yf x]/L lgIf]kstf{sf] lxt ;+/If0fsf] lgldQ dflyNnf] ju{sf] ljQLo sf/f]af/
;~rfng ug{ Ohfhtkq lbg plrt gb]lvPdf .
-u_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfnfO{ dflyNnf] ju{sf] ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug{ Ohfhtkq lbFbf ljQLo If]qdf
c:j:y k|lt:kwf{sf] jftfj/0f l;h{gf x'g] jf s'g} Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] Psflwsf/ jf
lgolGqt cEof; sfod x'g;Sg] ;Defjgf b]lvPdf .
-3_ o; lgb]{zgdf tf]lsPsf zt{ tyf dfkb08x? k'/f ePsf] gb]lvPdf .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd s'g} ;+:yfnfO{ dflyNnf] ju{sf] ljQLo sf/f]af/ ;~rfng ug{ ;}4flGts ;xdlt
lbg g;lsg] cj:yf ePdf o; a}+sn] ;f]sf] sf/0f v'nfO{ lgj]bg k/]sf] ldltn] Ps ;o aL; lbgleq
;DalGwt ;+:yfnfO{ ;'rgf lbg]5 . ;f] cjlwleq o; a}+sn] yk ljj/0f dfu u/]sf] eP To:tf]
ljj/0f k|fKt ePsf] ldltn] gAa] lbgleq To:tf] ;'rgf lbg]5 .
^= :t/f]Ggltsf] nflu :jLs[lt k|bfg ug]{M
-!_ :t/f]Gglt eO{ dflyNnf] ju{sf] sf/f]af/ ;~rfngsf] nflu lgj]bg k|fKt ePkl5 sfuhftx?sf]
k/LIf0f tyf ef}lts k"jf{wf/ ;d]t lg/LIf0f u/L :jLs[lt lbg o; a}+s ;Gt'i6 ePdf cfj]bg u/]sf]
tLg dlxgfleq :jLs[lt k|bfg ul/g] 5 . To:tf] :jLs[ltsf] nflu o; a}+sn] yk sfuhft dfu u/]sf]
cj:yfdf To:tf] sfuhft k]z u/]sf] ldltn] :jLs[lt k|bfg ug]{ sfof{jlw u0fgf x'g]5 .
-@_ :t/f]Gglt eO{ dflyNnf] ju{sf] sf/f]af/ ;~rfngsf] nflu :jLs[lt k|bfg ug'{ cl3 ;}4flGts ;xdlt
k|bfg ubf{ tf]lsPsf ;Dk"0f{ zt{x? k'/f u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 .
&= ;]o/ vl/b laqmL sf/f]af/ /f]Ssf ug'{ kg]{M
dflyNnf] ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ k'FhL k'/f u/]/ ;}4flGts ;xdlt kfpF egL
lgj]bg lbg] ljQLo ;+:yfn] To:tf] lgj]bg ;fy ;f] ;DaGwdf o; a}saf6 clGtd 6'+uf] gnfu];Ddsf]
cjlwsf] nflu To:tf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;]o/ lwtf]kq ahf/df ;'rLs[t /x]sf] cj:yfdf ;]o/ vl/b
laqmL sf/f]af/ /f]Ssf ePsf] Joxf]/fsf] lwtf]kq ljlgdo ahf/sf] kq ;d]t k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .

315
*= ufEg]ufleg]k|flKt eO{ :t/f]Gglt x'g] ;DaGwdfM
-!_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)&# sf] bkmf &) adf]lhd Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf Ps cfk;df
ufEg]ufleg]k|flKt eO{ ;f]xL P]gsf] bkmf #* adf]lhd :t/f]Ggltsf] nflu o; a}+sdf lgj]bg k]z x'g
cfPdf ;j{k|yd ufEg]ufleg]k|flKt ;DaGwL k|lqmof cjnDag ug'{ kg]{5 / ;f] sf] 6+'uf] nfu] kl5
:t/f]Ggltsf] sf/jfxL cl3 a9fOg]5 . o;/L ufEg]ufleg]k|flKt eO{ :t/f]Ggltsf] nflu k]z x'g
cfPsf] lgj]bgnfO{ k|fyldstf lbOg]5 .
-@_ pka'Fbf -!_ adf]lhd o; a}+sdf lgj]bg lb+bf ;f]sf] hfgsf/L ;DalGwt ;+:yfn] clgjfo{ ?kdf
sDkgL /lhi6f/sf] sfof{no, g]kfn lwtf]kq af]8{ / lwtf]kq ljlgdo ahf/ ;d]tnfO{ u/fpg' kg]{5 .
-v_ sfo{If]q lj:tf/ ;DaGwL Joj:yf
!= v ju{sf] ljQLo ;+:yfsf] xsdf
sf7df8f}+ pkTosf afx]s g]kfn /fHo ;Lldt lhNnfsf] sf/f]af/af6 yk lhNnfdf -! lhNnfaf6 hf]l8Psf] #
lhNnf, hf]l8Psf !# lhNNffaf6 $!) lhNNff / $!) lhNNffaf6 /fli6o:t/df_ sf/f]af/ ;~rfng ug{
rfxg] v ju{sf] ljQLo ;+:yfn] b]xfosf zt{x? k'/f u/L sf/f]af/sf] If]q lj:tf/ ug{ :jLs[ltsf nflu
Jofj;flos of]hgf;lxt o; a}+sdf lgj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 M
-!_ o; a}+sn] tf]s]sf] Go'gtd r'Qmf k'FhL k'/f u/]sf] .
-@_ lgoldt?kn] jflif{s n]vfk/LIf0f u/L ;fwf/0f ;ef ;DkGg u/]sf] .
-#_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] # jif]{ sfo{ ;~rfng cjlwsf] ljQLo ;"rsx? ;l~rt gf]S;fgLdf
g/x]sf] .
-$_ o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zg cg'?k k'FhLsf]if (Capital Adequacy) kof{Kt /x]sf] .
-%_ o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zg cg'?k shf{sf] juL{s/0f u/L ;f]sf] nflu kof{Kt shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf (Loan
Loss Provision) sfod u/]sf] .
-^_ lgliqmo shf{ (NPA) kfFr k|ltzt ggf3]sf] .
-&_ Ohfht lb+bf tf]lsPsf zt{x? k'/f u/]sf] .
@= u ju{sf] ljQLo ;+:yfsf] xsdf
sf7df8f}+ pkTosf afx]s g]kfn /fHo cGo lhNnfdf ;+:yfkgf ePsf] u ju{sf] ljQLo ;+:yfn]
/fli6o:t/df sf/f]af/ ;~rfng ug{ rfx]df b]xfosf zt{x? k'/f u/L sf/f]af/ If]q lj:tf/ ug]{ :jLs[ltsf
nflu Jofj;flos of]hgf ;lxt o; a}+sdf lgj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 M
-!_ o; a}+sn] tf]s]sf] Go'gtd r'Qmf k'FhL k'/f u/]sf] .
-@_ lgoldt?kn] jflif{s n]vfk/LIf0f u/L ;fwf/0f ;ef ;DkGg u/]sf] .
-#_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] # jif]{ sfo{ ;~rfng cjlwsf] ljQLo ;"rsx? ;l~rt gf]S;fgLdf
g/x]sf] .
-$_ o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zg cg'?k k'FhLsf]if (Capital Adequacy) kof{Kt /x]sf] .
-%_ o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zg cg'?k shf{sf] juL{s/0f u/L ;f]sf] nflu kof{Kt shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf -Loan
Loss Provision) sfod u/]sf] .
-^_ lgliqmo shf{ (NPA) kfFr k|ltzt ggf3]sf] .
-&_ Ohfht lb+bf tf]lsPsf zt{x? k'/f u/]sf] .
#= sfo{If]q lj:tf/ ;DaGwL dfly plNnlvt Joj:yfsf] cltl/Qm lgDg yk Joj:yf sfod ul/Psf] 5 M
-s_ ! lhNnf sfo{If]q ePsf v ju{sf ;+:yf Psk6sdf Ps tx dfq cyf{t # lhNnf;Dd, #
lhNnf;Dd sfo{If]q ePsf ;+:yf Psk6sdf Ps tx dfq cyf{t !) lhNnf;Dd / !) lhNnf;Dd
sfo{If]q ePsf ;+:yf Psk6sdf Ps tx dfq cyf{t /fli6o:t/;Dd tyf sf7df8f}F pkTosf aflx/
sfo{If]q sfod /x]sf u ju{sf] ljQLo ;+:yfn] :yfkgf ePsf] jf sfo{If]q lj:tf/ u/]sf] # jif{kl5
dfq qmlds ?kdf -tx ggfg] u/L_ yk sfo{If]q lj:tf/ ug{ ;Sg]5g\ .

316
 pko{'Qm Joj:yf o;cl3 lgj]bg lbPsf ;+:yfx?sf] xsdf ;d]t nfu" x'g]5 .
-v_ sfo{If]q lj:tf/sf nflu cfj]bg lbg] ;+:yfn] ljBdfg sfo{If]qleqsf k|To]s lhNnfdf sDtLdf Ps
Psj6f zfvf sfof{nox? :yfkgf ul/;s]sf] x'g' kg]{5 .
-u_ v ju{sf] /fli6o:t/df sfo{I]fq lj:tf/ ug]{ ;+:yfn] New Capital Adequacy Framework k"0f{?kdf
nfu" ug{ ;Sg] k|df0f k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-_ sfo{If]q lj:tf/ ug]{ ;+:yfn] xfn sfo{/t sfo{If]qdf sDtLdf klg b'O{ cw{jflif{s cjlwdf lg/Gt/
?kn] O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= !^ adf]lhd cfk"mn] ljQLo ;|f]t ;+sng ug{ kfpg] ;Ldfsf] ^) k|ltzt ljQLo
;|f]t ;+sng u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 . To:tf] ljQLo ;|f]t ;+sngsf] u0fgf ubf{ k|fylds k'FhLsf]ifsf] ;f
xfn sfod /x]sf] sfo{If]qsf] nflu tf]lsPsf] Go'gtd r'Qmf k'FhLnfO{ cfwf/ lng ;lsg] 5 .
-r_ g]kfn /fi6 a}+saf6 ;+:yf jf ;+:yfsf] cWoIf, ;~rfns / sfo{sf/L k|d'v sf/jfxLdf k/]sf] eP ;f]
sf/jfxL km's'jf ePsf] cjlw # jif{ k'/f ePsf] x'g' kg]{5 .
$= sfo{If]q lj:tf/sf nflu cfj]bg;fy lgDg sfuhftx? ;+nUg x'g' kg]{ M
-s_ ljBdfg ;+:yfks / ;~rfnsx?sf] ljj/0f .
-v_ ljQLo ;+:yfsf] cfufdL % jif{sf] k|If]lkt ljQLo cj:yf, Jofj;flos /0fgLlt, k|fljlws tyf
Joj:yfkg kIf / ahf/ ;+j]bgzLntf ljZn]if0f ;lxtsf] Jofj;flos of]hgf .
-u_ ljQLo sf/f]af/ ;~rfngsf nflu skf]{/]6 sfof{nod'Vo zfvf sfof{no ljBdfg sfo{If]qb]lv cGo
:yfgdf ;~rfng ug]{ ePdf ;f] sfof{nosf] ef}lts k"jf{wf/, ;'rgf k|ljlw, aLdf tyf ;'/Iff Joj:yf,
3/ef8f s/f/gfdf, k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t nufot d'Vo sd{rf/Lx?sf] of]Uotf cg'ej ;DaGwL
sfuhft .
-3_ sfo{If]q lj:tf/ eP kZrft sfod x'g] sfo{If]qnfO{ ;d]6]/ tof/ ul/Psf] shf{ gLlt, nufgL gLlt,
lgIf]k kl/rfng gLlt, jf;nft aflx/sf] sf/f]af/ ;~rfng gLlt, cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f gLlt, u}/
a}ls ;DklQ Joj:yfkg gLlt, ;DklQ bfloTj Joj:yfkg gLlt, ;'rgf k|ljlw gLlt / cfgf] u|fxs
klxrfg gLlt .
-_ sfo{If]q lj:tf/ ;DaGwdf ;fwf/0f ;efn] u/]sf] lg0f{osf] k|ltlnkL .
%= sfo{If]q la:tf/sf ;DaGwdf ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns ;ldlt;Fu cGtlqm{of u/L sfuhft k'/f ePsf] ^) lbgleq
;f] ;DaGwL k|lqmofsf] 6'+uf] nufOg]5 .
^= sDtLdf !) lhNnf;Dd sfo{If]q ePsf] s'g} Ps ljQLo ;+:yf;Fu cGo v jf u ju{sf] ljQLo ;+:yf
Ps cfk;df ufleO{ /fli6o:t/df sfo{If]q lj:tf/ ug{ rfxg] ;+:yfnfO{ csf]{ Joj:yf geP;Dd ljz]if
k|fyldstf lbOg]5 .
-gf]6M dfly a'Fbf v sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu sfo{ If]q lj:tf/ eGgfn] yk lhNnfdf ;]jf lj:tf/ ug]{
Joj:Yff ;Demg' kb{5 ._
-u_ sfo{If]q ;+s'rg ;DaGwL Joj:yf
-!_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt v / u ju{sf] ;+:yf k'FhL ckof{Kttfsf] sf/0faf6 ;f]xL ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt
;+:yfdf /xL sfo{If]q ;+s'rg ug{ rfx]df :jLs[ltsf nflu g]kfn /fi6 a}df lgj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 . o;/L
k]z x'g cfPsf] lgj]bgsf] ;DaGwdf g]kfn /fi6 a}n] cfjZos hfFra'em u/L :jLs[lt k|bfg u/]df
To:tf] ljQLo ;+:yfsf] sfo{If]q ;+s'rg x'g]5 .
-@_ b]xfosf] s'g} jf ;a} cj:yf k'/f gug]{ v / u ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfnfO{ ;f]xL ju{df /xg]
u/L pQm ;+:yfsf] sfo{If]q ;+s'rg u/fpg g]kfn /fi6 a}n] lgb]{zg lbg ;Sg]5 M
-s_ g]kfn /fi6 a}n] tf]s]sf] cjlwleq tf]s] adf]lhdsf] k'FhL gk'ofPsf],
-v_ ljut kfFr jif{b]lv nuftf/ gf]S;fgLdf /x]sf],
-u_ g]kfn /fi6 a}n] lbPsf] lgb]{zg k6s k6s pNn+3g u/L sf/afxLdf k/]sf],
-3_ g]kfn /fi6 a}n] tf]s] adf]lhd hf]lvd Joxf]g]{ sf]if sfod ug{ g;s]sf] .
-#_ pka'Fbf g+= -@_ adf]lhd s'g} ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ sf/afxL ug'{eGbf cufl8 g]kfn /fi6 a}n] To:tf] ljQLo
;+:yfnfO{ To:tf] sf/afxLsf] lj?4 ;kmfO{ k]z ug]{ dgfl;a dflkmssf] df}sf lbg]5 .

317
-$_ pka'Fbf -!_ adf]lhd sfo{If]q ;+s'rg ubf{ b]xfo adf]lhd ug{ ;lsg] 5M
-s_ /fli6o:t/af6 If]qLo:t/ jf $!) lhNnf jf !# lhNnf jf ! lhNnfdf .
-v_ If]qLo:t/af6 $!) lhNnf jf !# lhNnf jf ! lhNnfdf .
-u_ $!) lhNnfaf6 !# lhNnf jf ! lhNnfdf .
-3_ !# lhNnfaf6 ! lhNnfdf .
-3_ vf/]hL / jrfpm
-!_ o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?nfO{ hf/L ul/Psf] PsLs[t lgb]{zg, @)&# sf] ufEg]ufleg]
/ :t/f]Gglt x'g] ;DaGwdf O=k|f= lgb]{zg g+= !*)&# tyf ;f] kZrft @)&$ ;fpg ( ut]
;Dd hf/L ePsf o;} ljifo;Fu ;DalGwt ;Dk"0f{ kl/kqx? vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 .
-@_ pka'Fbf -!_ adf]lhd vf/]h ul/Psf lgb]{zg tyf kl/kq adf]lhd eP u/]sf sfd sf/jfxL o;}
lgb]{zg adf]lhd eP u/]sf] dflgg]5 .

318
 cg';"rL !*=!

>L g]kfn /fi6 a}+s

s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu
afn'jf6f/, sf7df8f}+ .

ljifoM ======= ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf kl/0ft x'g] ;}4flGts ;xdlt kfpF .

dxf]bo,
k|rlnt sDkgL P]g adf]lhd klAns lnld6]8 sDkgLsf] ?kdf g]kfn ;/sf/, sDkgL /lhi6f/sf]
sfof{nodf btf{ u/fO{ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g adf]lhd ljut === jif{ b]lv ljQLo sf/f]af/ ;~rfng
ub}{ cfPsf]df ;f]xL P]gsf] bkmf #* adf]lhd dflyNnf] ju{sf] ;+:yf ==== ju{df kl/0ft ug]{ u/L ;+:yfsf] ;fwf/0f
;efaf6 lg0f{o ePsf]n] ;}4flGts ;xdlt kfpg To; a}+ssf] k'j{ :jLs[ltsf] nflu tf]lsPsf cfjZos sfuhft
;lxt of] lgj]bg k]z u/]sf 5f}+ .

cfjZos sfuhft yfg=======;+nUg 5g\ .

ejbLo,
================================================
-;+:yfsf] tkm{af6 cflwsfl/s JolQm_
gfdM
7]ufgfM
6]lnkmf]g g+ M
ofS; g+= M
Od]n 7]ufgf M
ldltM
;+:yfsf] 5fkM

319
 cg';"rL !*=@
=================================================== ln=
ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;+:yfks ;d"xdf /x]sf JolQmx?sf]
JolQmut ljj/0f

Kfmf]6f]

!= k'/f gfd y/ M
@= hGd ldlt M
#= hGd :yfg M
$= gful/stf M
%= k'/f 7]ufgf M
-s_ :yfoL M -!_ 6]lnkmf]g -@_ Od]n -#_ km\ofS;
-v_ c:yfoL M -!_ 6]lnkmf]g -@_ Od]n -#_ km\ofS;
^= xfnsf] k]zf M
-s_ kmd{ jf sfof{nosf] gfd M
-v_ 7]ufgf M
-u_ Joj;fosf] k|s[ltsfd M
-3_ kbsf] gfd M
-_ 6]lnkmf]g ofS;O{d]n M
&= a}jflxs l:ylt M
-s_ ljjflxt cljjflxt ;DaGw aLr5]b eO{ cnu a;]]sf]
-v_ ljjflxtsf] xsdf kltkTgLsf] gfd M
-u_ kltkTgLsf] k]zf M
-3_ cfl>tx?sf] ljj/0f
k'/f gfd ;DaGw pd]/

*= -s_ afa'sf] gfd M

7]ufgf M
k]zf M
-v_ afh]sf] gfd M
7]ufgf M

320
(= z}lIfs of]Uotf M
tx ;+:yfsf] gfd, cWoog jif{ ljifo pkflw lnPsf] ldlt
7]ufgf
:gfts
:gftsf]Q/
ljBfjfl/lw
Jofj;flos :t/
tflnd ;]ldgf/
s_
v_
u_
!)= tkfO{;Fu s'g} Jofj;flos (Professional) ljifodf sfd ug]{ Ohfht 5 <
5 5}g
olb 5 eg]
-s_ Ohfhtsf] k|s[lt M
-v_ Ohfht lnPsf] ldlt M
-u_ Ohfht gDa/ M
-3_ Ohfht lbg] ;+:yf / 7]ufgf M
!!= tkfO{ s'g} Jofj;flos Ifdtfsf] cfwf/df, g]kfn /fi6 a}+saf6 lg/LIf0f, cg'udg ug'{ kg]{ ;+:yfdf sfd
ug'{x'G5<
-olb 5 eg], ;+:yfsf] gfd, 7]ufgf / sfdsf] k|s[lt pNn]v ug'{xf];\ . ;fy}, ;DalGwt ;+:yfaf6 ;+:yfkg
x'gsf nflu :jLs[lt kq k]z ug'x{ f];\ _ .
!@= s'g} ;+ul7t ;+:yfdf tkfO{sf] s'g} ljQLo :jfy{ jf lxt ufFl;Psf] 5 eg] v'nfpg' xf];\ <
!#= d}n] of] ljQLo ;+:yfdf b]xfo adf]lhdsf] /sd nufgL u/]sf] 5' .
!= ;+:yfdf nufgL u/]sf] /sd ?====== ===== ======= -cIf/]kL=============== =============== ===_ .
@= ;+:yfsf] s'n hf/L k'FhLsf] k|ltzt ================== . of] ;]o/ o; a}+sljQLo ;+:yfsf] r'Qmf k'FhLsf]
!% k|ltzteGbf a9L 5}g .
!$= tkfO{ s'g} kmf}Hbf/L cleof]udf kg'{ ePsf] 5 <
5 5}g
!%= tkfFO{+n] cGo a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf;Fu shf{ sf/f]af/ ug'{ ePsf] 5 <
5 5}g -5 eg] lj:t[t ljj/0f v'nfpg' xf];\ <_
!^= lgDg k|Zgx?sf] hjfkm 55}gdf lbg'xf];\ M
-s_ tkfO{+sf] lj?4df cbfntdf s'g} ck/flws sf/jfO{ lj?4 d'2f rn]sf] 5 < 5 5}g
-v_ tkfO{+n] sfg'g pNn+3g u/]sf] sf/0faf6 ;hfoF kfpg' ePsf] 5 < 5 5}g
-u_ tkfO{+ ;+nUg ePsf] s'g} ;+:yf 6f6 kN6]sf] 5 < 5 5}g
-3_ tkfO{+n] sfd u/]sf] jf ;~rfns ePsf] jf tkfO{+n] % -kfFr_ k|ltzt eGbf a9L ;]o/ nufgL u/]sf]
;+:yf shf{ e'QmfgL ug{ g;s]sf] sf/0f slxNo} sfnf];"rLdf k/]sf] 5, 5}g . 5 5}g
-_ u}/ sfg'gL ?kdf ljb]zL d'b|f sf/f]af/df ;+nUg x'g' ePsf] 5 < 5 5}g
-r_ tkfO{+ ;+nUg ePsf] ;+:yf slxNo} ck/flws s[ofsnfkdf ;+nUg ePsf] 5 < 5 5}g

321
 -5_ tkfO{nfO{+ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] shf{ sf/f]af/df b'?kof]u u/]sf] / ;Gtf]ifhgs gePsf] egL a}+s
tyf ljQLo ;+:yfaf6 s'g} clen]v u/]sf] 5 < 5 5}g
-h_ tkfO{ shf{ ;'rgf s]Gb|sf] sfnf];"rLdf kg'{ ePsf] 5 < 5 5}g
olb k/]sf] eP ;f] ;"rLaf6 k'ms'jf ePsf] ldltn] sDtLdf ltg jif{ k'/f ePsf] 5 < 5
5}g
-em_ tkfO{+ cGo a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] axfnjfnf sd{rf/L, ;~rfns, n]vfkl/Ifs sfg'gL jf cGo
;Nnfxsf/ x'g'x'G5 < 5 5}g
-`_ tkfO{+ lwtf]kq bnfn jf ahf/ lgdf{tf /xg' ePsf]] 5 < 5 5}g
-6_ tkfO{ s'g} ;fj{hlgs ck/fw u/]sf], sfg'g pNn+3g u/]sf] jf k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd lj36gdf
k/]sf] s'g} ;+:yfdf sd{rf/L jf ;NNffxsf/sf] ?kdf /xg' ePsf] 5 < 5 5}g
-7_ tkfO{ k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd bfdf;flxdf kg'{ ePsf] 5 < 5 5}g
-8_ tkfO{n] s'g} /fhg}lts kbdf lgjf{lrt jf dgf]lgt k|ltlglwsf] ?kdf sfdsfh ul//xg' ePsf] 5 <
5 5}g
-9_ tkfO{nfO{ k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd s'g} k]zf jf Joj;fo ug{ /f]s nufOPsf] 5 < 5 5}g
-0f_ tkf+O{n] nufgL u/]sf] cGo kmd{sDkgL;+ul7t ;+:yf g]kfn /fi6 a}+sn] lg/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0f
ug{ rfx]df dGh'/ 5 . 5 5}g
-t_ tkfO{n] o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt cGo a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfdf ;+:yfkssf] x}l;otn] nufgL
ug'{ePsf] 5 < 5 5}g -5 eg] lj:t[t ljj/0f v'nfpg' xf];_
!&= ;do ;dodf g]kfn /fi6 a}+sn] lgwf{/0f u/] cg'?k d]/f] a}+sljQLo ;+:yfsf] k'FhL k'ofpg] k|ltj4tf
hfx]/ ub{5' .
dfly pNn]v ul/Psf] ljj/0f 7Ls ;fFrf] xf] . oL s'g} klg ljifodf hfFra'em5fgljg tyf d}n] lbPsf]
ljj/0f ;fj{hlgs ug{ d]/f] d~h'/L 5 . e'm7f] ePdf o;}sf cfwf/df a}+s ;+:yfkgf ug]{ Ohfht glbPdf
d]/f] d~h'/L 5 .

b:tvt M
gfd M
ldlt M
7]ufgf M
6]lnkmf]g M

322
 cg";"rL !*=#
================================== ln=
ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;+:yfks ;d"xdf /x]sf ;+:yfx?
-kmd{, sDkgL, ;+ul7t ;+:yf_ sf] ljj/0f

!= :jb]zL ;+:yf -kmd{, sDkgL tyf ;+ul7t ;+:yf_ M

-s_ ;+:yfsf] gfd M
-v_ ;+:yf btf{ ldlt M
-u_ k|ltlglwTj ug]{ JolQm
gfdM
kbM
@= ljb]zL nufgLsf] xsdf M
-s_ ;+:yfsf] gfd M
-v_ ;+:yf btf{ ldlt M
-u_ k|ltlglwTj ug]{ JolQm
gfdM
kbM
#= ;]jfsf] clen]v -ljut % jif{sf]_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf jf s'g} klg k|sf/sf] lgIf]k ;DaGwL Jojzfo
;~rfng ug]{ ;+:yf eP ;f] sf] lj:t[t ljj/0f M
;+:yfsf] gfd, 7]ufgf cjlw kb lgs6td sfd 5f]8\g'sf]
;'kl/j]Ifssf] gfd sf/0f

$= ;+:yfsf] gfdaf6 s'g} Jofj;flos (Professional) ljifodf sfd ug]{ Ohfht 5 < 5 5}g
olb 5 eg]
-s_ Ohfhtsf] k|s[lt M
-v_ Ohfht lnPsf] ldlt M
-u_ Ohfht gDa/ M
-3_ Ohfht lbg] ;+:yf / 7]ufgf M
%= ;+:yf ljut b'O{ jif{ b]lv ;~rfng d'gfkmfdf /x]sf] 55}g < 5 5}g

;+:yfsf] b'O{ cf=j=sf] ljQLo ljj/0f o;};fy ;+nUg 5 .

^= ;+:yfaf6 nufgL u/L cGo kmd{, sDkgL, ;+ul7t ;+:yfdf s'g} ljQLo :jfy{ jf lxt ufFl;Psf] 5 eg]
v''nfpg' xf]; .
&= of] ljQLo ;+:yfdf b]xfo adf]lhdsf] /sd nufgL u/]sf 5f}+ .

323
 != ;+:yfdf nufgL u/]sf] /sd ?====== ===== ======= -cIf/]kL=============== =============== ===_ .
@= ;+:yfsf] s'n hf/L k'FhLsf] k|ltzt ================== . of] ;]o/ o; ljQLo ;+:yfsf] r'Qmf k'FhLsf] !%
k|ltzteGbf a9L /x]sf] 5}g .
*= ;+:yfsf] cGo a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf;Fu shf{ sf/f]af/ 5 <
5 5}g -5 eg] lj:t[t ljj/0f v'nfpg' xf];\ <_
(= lgDg k|Zgx?sf] hjfkm 55}gdf lbg'xf];\ M
-s_ ;+:yfsf] lj?4df cbfntdf s'g} ck/flws sf/jfO{ lj?4 d'2f rn]sf] 5 < 5 5}g
-v_ ;+:yfn] sfg'g pNn+3g u/]sf] sf/0faf6 ;hfoF kfPsf] 5 < 5 5}g
-u_ ;+:yfn] nufgL u/]sf] cGo s'g} ;+:yf 6f6 kN6]sf] 5 < 5 5}g
-3_ ;+:yfn] sfd u/]sf] jf ;~rfns ePsf] jf ;+:yf+n] % -kfFr_ k|ltzt eGbf a9L ;]o/ nufgL u/]sf]
;+:yf shf{ e'QmfgL ug{ g;s]sf] sf/0f slxNo} sfnf];"rLdf k/]sf] 5 < 5 5}g
-_ ;+:yf u}/ sfg'gL ?kdf ljb]zL d'b|f sf/f]af/df ;+nUg ePsf] 5 < 5 5}g
-r_ tkfO{sf] ;+:yfnfO{+ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] shf{ sf/f]af/df b'?kof]u u/]sf] / ;Gtf]ifhgs gePsf]
egL a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfaf6 s'g} clen]v u/]sf] 5 < 5 5}g
-5_ ;+:yf shf{ ;'rgf s]Gb|sf] sfnf];"rLdf k/]sf]] 5 < 5 5}g
olb k/]sf] eP ;f] ;"rLaf6 k'ms'jf ePsf] ldltn] sDtLdf tLg jif{ k'/f ePsf] 5 < 5
5}g
-h_ ;+:yf cGo a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns, n]vfkl/Ifs sfg'gL jf cGo ;Nnfxsf/ 5 <
5 5}g
-em_ ;+:yf lwtf]kq bnfn jf ahf/ lgdf{tf /x]sf]] 5 < 5 5}g
-`_ ;+:yf s'g} ;fj{hlgs ck/fw u/]sf], sfg'g pNn+3g u/]sf] jf k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd lj36gdf
k/]sf] s'g} ;+:yfdf ;NNffxsf/sf] ?kdf /x]sf]] 5 < 5 5}g
-6_ tkfO{sf] ;+:yf k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd bfdf;flxdf k/]sf]] 5 < 5 5}g
-7_ ;+:yfnfO{ k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd s'g} k]zf jf Joj;fo ug{ /f]s nufOPsf] 5 < 5 5}g
-8_ ;+:yfn]] nufgL u/]sf] cGo kmd{sDkgL;+ul7t ;+:yf g]kfn /fi6 a}+sn] lg/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0f
ug{ rfx]df dGh'/ 5 . 5 5}g
-9_ ;+:yfn] o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt cGo a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfdf ;+:yfkssf] x}l;otn] nufgL
u/]sf]] 5 < 5 5}g -5 eg] lj:t[t ljj/0f v'nfpg' xf];_
!)= ;do ;dodf g]kfn /fi6 a}+sn] lgwf{/0f u/] cg'?k xfdLn] a}+sljQLo ;+:yfsf] k'FhL k'ofpg] k|ltj4tf
hfx]/ ub{5f}+ .
dfly pNn]v ul/Psf] ljj/0f 7Ls ;fFrf] xf] . oL s'g} klg ljifodf hfFra'em5fgljg tyf d}n] lbPsf]
ljj/0f ;fj{hlgs ug{ d]/f] d~h'/L 5 . e'm7f] ePdf o;}sf cfwf/df dflyNnf] ju{df kl/0ft x'g] Ohfht
glbPdf d]/f] d~h'/L 5 .
b:tvt M
gfd M
ldlt M
7]ufgf M
6]lnkmf]g M

324
 cg';"rL !*=$

>L g]kfn /fi6 a}+s

s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu
afn'jf6f/, sf7df8f}+ .

ljifoM dflyNnf] ju{sf] ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug]{ :jLs[lt kfpF .

dxf]bo,
To; a}+ssf] k=;+= =================== ldlt =====================sf] kqaf6 ====== ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf
?kdf kl/0ft ug{ ;}4flGts ;xdlt k|fKt ePsf]df tf]lsPsf zt{x? k'/f u/L ;s]sf] x'Fbf cfjZos sfuhft Pjd\
Ohfhtkq b:t'/ ;lxt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)&# sf] bkmf #* adf]lhd ==== ju{sf] ;+:yfsf]
?kdf ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug]{ Ohfhtkq kfpgsf] nflu of] lgj]bg k]z u/]sf 5f}+ .
cfjZos sfuhft yfg=======;+nUg 5g\ .
ejbLo,

================================================
-;+:yfsf] tkm{af6 cflwsfl/s JolQm_
gfdM
7]ufgfM
6]lnkmf]g g+ M
ofS; g+= M
Od]n 7]ufgf M
ldltM
;+:yfsf] 5fkM

325
 g]kfn /fi6 a}+s
s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu
O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= !()&$

;DklQ z"$Ls/)f tyf cft+sjfbL sfo{df ljQLo nufgL lgjf/)f ;DaGwL Joj:yf .

o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] ;DklQ z'4Ls/0f tyf cft+sjfbL lqmofsnfkdf ljQLo
nufgL nufot ;Da4 s;'/;Fu ;DjlGwt ljQLo ck/fw lgjf/0f ug]{ ;DaGwdf ;DklQ z'4Ls/0f -dlg
nfpG8l/_ lgjf/0f P]g, @)^$ -o;kl5 o; lgb]{zgdf P]g elgPsf]_ / ;DklQ z'4Ls/0f -dgL nfpG8l/_
lgjf/0f lgodfjnL, @)&# -o;kl5 o; lgb]{zgdf lgodfjnL elgPsf]_ df tf]lsPsf Joj:yfx?sf cltl/Qm
yk Joj:yfx? ug{ h?/L b]lvPsf] x'Fbf ;f]xL P]gsf] bkmf &k= / g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf &( n]
lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L] of]] lgb]{zg hf/L u/]sf] 5 . ljifo jf k|;+un] cfjZos ePsf]df afx]s P]g /
lgodfjnLdf ul/Psf Joj:yfx? o; lgb]{zgdf pNn]v ul/Psf] 5}g .
!= gLlt tyf sfo{ljlw ;DaGwdf M
Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] P]gsf] bkmf &t= sf] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd gLlt tyf sfo{ljlw
jgfO{ nfu" ubf{ ;f]xL bkmfsf] pkbkmf -@_ df tf]lsPsf Joj:yfx?sf cltl/Qm b]xfo adf]lhdsf
Joj:yfx?nfO{ ;d]t ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-s_ cfGtl/s lhDd]jf/L tyf sfo{ ljefhg,
-v_ hf]lvd d"Nofg k|0ffnLsf] cfwf/ tyf k4tL,
-u_ hf]lvddf cfwfl/t u|fxs klxrfg, cBfjlws tyf cg'udg k4tL,
-3_ c:jefljs tyf z+sf:kb sf/f]jf/sf] klxrfg k4tL,
-_ P]gsf] kl/R5]b 5v= / ;DkQL z'4Ls/0f -dlg nfpG8l/_ lgjf/0f -;"lrs[t JolQm, ;d"x jf
;+u7gsf] ;DklQ jf sf]if /f]Ssf_ lgodfjnL, @)&) adf]lhd ug'{kg]{ sfo{x? ;DkGg ug]{
k4tL,
@= u|fxs klxrfg tyf ;Dk'li6 ;DaGwdf M
-!_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] u|fxssf] klxrfg tyf ;f]sf] ;Dk'li6 ubf{ P]gsf] bkmf &s=
/ lgodfjnLsf] lgod $ tyf % adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ u|fxs klxrfg ubf{ sfg"gL JolQm jf k|aGwsf] txut ;+/rgf jf :jfldTj /x]sf] b]lvPdf k|To]s
txsf] / To:tf] JolQm jf k|jGw pk/ lgoGq0f ug]{ JolQm cs}{ /x]sf] b]lvPdf To:tf JolQmsf
cltl/Qm lgodfjnLsf] lgod ^ sf] pklgod @ sf] a'Fbf -s_ adf]lhdsf] k|fs[lts JolQmsf] ;d]t
klxrfg ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] lgodfjnLsf] lgod # adf]lhd Joj;flos ;DaGw gePsf] jf vftf
gePsf] u|fxsaf6 ?= ! nfv jf ;f] a/fa/sf] ljb]zL d'b|f eGbf a9Lsf] cfsl:ds sf/f]jf/ ePdf
lgh u|fxssf] klxrfg x'g ;Sg] ljj/0f / sfuhft lng' kg]{5 .
-$_ s'g} k|fs[lts JolQmsf] sf/f]jf/df kl/jf/ jfx]s cGo s'g} JolQm jf:tljs wgLsf] ?kdf /x]sf] z+sf
nfu]df ;f]sf] ;d]t klxrfg ug'{ kg]{5 .
-%_ u|fxs afx]s cGo s'g} JolQmn] u|fxssf] vftfdf gub} hDdf ug{ cfPdf /sd hDdf ug]{ JolQmsf]
klxrfg x'g ;Sg] ljj/0f tyf sfuhft lng'sf ;fy} gub hDdf ug'{sf] k|of]hg ;d]t v'nfpg'
kg]{5 .
-^_ u|fxssf] vftf vf]Ng] l;nl;nfdf lgodfjnLsf] lgod $ sf] pklgod -$_ df tf]lsP adf]lhd b]xfo
adf]lhdsf JolQmx?sf] NofKr] ;lx5fk lng' kg]{5 .

326
 -s_ k|fs[lts JolQmsf] xsdf vftfjfnf / vftf ;~rfns JolQm cGo /x]sf]df lghsf] ;d]t . t/,
gfjfnssf] xsdf vftf ;~rfnssf] dfq lng afwf kg]{ 5}g .
-v_ sfg"gL JolQm jf k|jGwsf] xsdf vftf ;~rfns .
-&_ g]kfn ;/sf/ jf g]kfn ;/sf/ cGtu{tsf sfof{no jf lgsfox?, ljz]if P]g cGtu{t :yflkt lgsfo,
g]kfn ;/sf/sf] :jfldTjdf /x]sf ;+ul7t ;+:yf, g]kfn /fi6 a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf
ljQLo ;+:yfx?, ;+o'Qm /fi6 ;+3 jf ;f] cGtu{tsf sfof{no tyf ljlzli6s[t lgsfo Pjd\
cGt/f{li6o ;+:yfx? / ljb]zL /fhb"tfjf;x?sf] xsdf u|fxs klxrfg tyf ;Dk'li6 ubf{ vftf
;~rfnsx?sf] dfq JolQmut ljj/0f lng ;lsg] 5 .
-*_ u|fxs klxrfg tyf ;Dk'li6 ubf{ o; lgb]{zgsf] cg';"rL !(=! df tf]lsPsf sfuhft tyf ljj/0fx?
lng' kg]{5 . ;fy}, P]g, lgodfjnL tyf o; lgb]{zg adf]lhd u|fxs klxrfg tyf ;Dk'li6 ubf{ yk
sfuhft tyf ljj/0fx? lng cfjZos b]lvPdf ;f] ;d]t lng' kg]{5 .
#= ;"lrs[t JolQm klxrfg ;DaGwdf M
Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] P]gsf] kl/R5]b ^v= cGtu{tsf] bkmf @(= sf] pkbkmf -!_ /
-#_ adf]lhd k|sflzt ;"rL lgoldt ?kdf x]g'{ kg]{5 / ;f] ;"lrs[t JolQm, ;d"x jf ;+u7g cfkm\gf] u|fxs
eP gePsf] osLg u/L cfb]zfg';f/sf] sfo{ ug'{ kg]{5 .
$= pRr kb:y JolQm klxrfg ;DaGwdf M
-!_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] P]gsf] bkmf &v= adf]lhd pRr kb:y JolQmsf] ljz]if
klxrfg jf olsg ug]{ k|of]hgsf nflu b]xfo adf]lhdsf ;+oGqx?sf] ;d]t :yfkgf ug'{ kg]{5 .
-s_ u|fxssf] vftf vf]Nbf, u|fxs;Fu sf/f]jf/ ubf{ / u|fxssf] ljj/0f lgoldt ?kn] cBfjlws ubf{
pRr kb:y JolQm klxrfg x'g] ;+oGq ,
-v_ pRr kb:y JolQm yk36 ePsf] cj:yfdf tTsfn klxrfg x'g] ;+oGq,
-u_ pRr kb:y JolQmsf] kl/jf/ tyf ;Da4 JolQm klxrfg x'g] ;+oGq,
-3_ pRr kb:y JolQmsf] klbo x}l;ot / ;+nUgtf adf]lhdsf] hf]lvd klxrfg x'g] ;+oGq,
-@_ pRr kb:y JolQmsf] klxrfg ubf{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] k|lqmofx? cjnDjg ug{' kg]{5 M
-s_ u|fxsjf6 ;"rgf lng],
-v_ ;fj{hlgs ?kdf pknAw ;'rgf u|x0f ug]{,
-u_ ;fdflhs ;~hfndf pknAw ;"rgfx?sf] ljZn]if0f ug]{ /
-3_ Joj;flos ?kdf pknAw tYof -Data Base_ lng] .
-#_ pRr kb:y JolQmsf] clen]v gLh kbjf6 cjsfz jf d'Qm ePsf] ldltn] % jif{;Dd sfod /fVg'
kg]{5 .
%= jf:tljs wgL klxrfg ;DaGwdf M
-!_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] P]gsf] bkmf &u= tyf lgodfjnLsf] lgod ^ adf]lhd
jf:tljs wgLsf] klxrfg ug{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf ;+oGqx?sf] :yfkgf ug'{ kg]{5 .
-s_ jf:tljs wgL klxrfg ug]{ ;+oGq,
-v_ jf:tljs wgL / gLh;Fu ;Da4 sf/f]jf/sf] ;'Id cg'udg ug]{ ;+oGq /
-u_ jf:tljs wgL / gLh;Fu ;DalGWft ;Dk"0f{ sf/f]jf/x?sf] PsLs[t ?kdf cg'udg ug]{ ;+oGq .
-@_ jf:tljs wgL klxrfg ubf{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] k|lqmofx? cjnDag ug{' kg]{5 M
-s_ u|fxsjf6 ;"rgf lng],
-v_ ;fj{hlgs ?kdf pknAw ;'rgf u|x0f ug]{,

327
 -u_ ;fdflhs ;~hfndf pknAw ;"rgfx?sf] ljZn]if0f ug]{,
-3_ k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd /flvPsf] clen]vaf6 ;"rgf lng] /
-_ Joj;flos ?kdf pknAw tYof -Data Base_ lng] .
-#_ jf:tljs wgL ;DaGwL clen]v Joj;flos ;DaGWf jf sf/f]jf/ ;dfKt ePsf] ldltn]] % jif{;Dd
sfod /fVg' kg]{5 .
^= a[xt\ u|fxs klxrfg ;DaGwdf M
-!_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] P]gsf] bkmf &= sf] pkbkmf -!_ df pNn]v ePsf
u|fxsx?sf cltl/Qm b]xfo adf]lhdsf u|fxsx?;Fu Jofj;flos ;DaGw :yfkgf jf sf/f]jf/ ubf{
;d]t a[xt\ u|fxs klxrfg k4tL cjnDag ug'{ kg]{5 .
-s_ ljB'lto dfWodaf6 sf/f]af/ ug]{ u|fxs,
-v_ pRr g]6jy{ ePsf u|fxs,
-o; k|of]hgsf nflu pRr g]6jy{ hgfpg] ;Ldf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] cfkm} lgwf{/0f ug'{
kg]{5 ._
-u_ ;DklQ z'4Ls/0f tyf cft+sjfbL lqmofsnfkdf ljQLo nufgL ;DaGwL ck/fwdf ;+nUg x'g
;Sg] cfwf/ b]lvPsf u|fxs,
-3_ e|i6frf/, s/5nL nufot cGo ck/flws sfo{sf cfwf/df pRr hf]lvddf /x]sf d'n'ssf
u|fxs,
-o; k|of]hgsf nflu ;DalGwt d'n'sx?sf] ;"rL tof/ u/L lgoldt ?kdf cBfjlws ug'{
kg]{5 ._
-_ gubsf] j9L k|of]u x'g] Joj;fodf ;+nUg u|fxs .
-@_ pka'Fbf g+= ! adf]lhdsf u|fxsx?;Fu Joj;flos ;DaGw :yfkgf ubf{ jf sf/f]jf/ ubf{ lgodfjnLsf]
lgod * df pNn]lvt pkfox?sf cltl/Qm b]xfosf yk pkfox? canDjg u/L a[xt\ u|fxs klxrfg
k4lt -Enhanced Customer Due Deligence, ECDD_ cjnDag ug{' kg]{5 .
-s_ ;DklQsf] ;|f]t klxrfg ug]{ .
-v_ sf/f]af/sf] p2]Zosf] hfgsf/L lng] .
-u_ sf/f]jf/sf] cg'udg ug]{ k|of]hgsf nfuL ;Ldf lgwf{/0f ug]{ .
&= ;/nLs[t u|fxs klxrfg ;DaGwdf M
Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] P]gsf] bkmf &r= / lgodfjnLsf] lgod ( adf]lhd ;/nLs[t
u|fxs klxrfgsf] k|lqmof cjnDag ug{ ;Sg]5g\ . o;/L ;/nLs[t u|fxs klxrfg tyf ;f] sf] ;Dk'li6 ubf{
b]xfo adf]lhdsf dfkb08k|lqmofx? ckgfpg' kg]{5 .
-!_ ;/nLs[t u|fxs klxrfgsf nflu pko'Qm k4tLsf] ljsf; ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ ;/nLs[t u|fxs klxrfg k4tL ckgfOPsf u|fxsx?sf] ljj/0f /fVg' kg]{5 .
-#_ ;/nLs[t u|fxs klxrfg k4tL ckgfO{ vf]lng] vftfx?sf] nflu 5'} kmf/fdsf] ljsf; ug'{ kg]{5 .
-$_ lgodfjnLsf] lgod ( sf] pklgod -@_ df pNn]v eP adf]lhd vf]lng] vftfx?sf] ;DaGwdf o;
a}+ssf] k'j{ :jLs[lt lng' kg]{5 . t/, # dlxgf jf ;f] eGbf sd cjlwsf] pTkfbg jf ;]jf k|jfx;Fu
;DalGwt sfo{qmdsf nflu vftf vf]Ng' k/]df o; a}+ssf] k"j{ :jLs[lt cfjZos kg]{ 5}g .
*= u|fxs tyf jf:tljs wgL klxrfg cBfjlws ;DaGwdf M
-!_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] P]gsf] bkmf &5= sf] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ljBdfg u|fxs
tyf jf:tljs wgLsf] ;DaGwdf ePsf] klxrfg tyf ;Dk'li6sf] k'g/fjnf]sg u/L @)&% cfiff9
dlxgfleq P]g, lgodfjnL tyf o; lgb]{zg adflhd cBfjlws ul/;Sg' kg]{5 .

328
 -@_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] u|fxs klxrfg ;DaGwL ljj/0fx? b]xfo adf]lhd lgoldt
?kn] cBfjlws ug'{ kg]{5 .
-s_ pRr hf]lvd b]lvPsf u|fxssf] sDtLdf jif{sf] ! k6s,
-v_ u|fxs klxrfg ljj/0f cg'?k sf/f]jf/ d]n gvfPsf] cj:yfdf tTsfn,
-u_ u|fxs klxrfgsf] sfo{ k'/f gePsf] cj:yfdf tTsfn .
-3_ u|fxs klxrfg ljj/0fdf pNn]lvt ;"rgf, hfgsf/L tyf tYofsf] ;Totf jf kof{Kttfsf]
af/]df ;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ z+sf nfu]sf] cj:yfdf tTsfn .
-#_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] s'g} kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/Ln] u|fxssf] af/]df k|ToIf jf ck|ToIf,
cf}krfl/s jf cgf}krfl/s ?kdf k|fKt u/]sf] ;"rgfsf] ljZn]if0f u/L u|fxs klxrfgnfO{ cBfjlws
ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg' kg]{5 .
-$_ u|fxs klxrfg cBfjlws ubf{ cfkm';Fu ePsf] k"j{ ;"rgf jf sfuhft jfx]s kl/jt{g ePsf], x'g
;Sg] / gofF ljj/0f tyf sfuhft dfq ;DalGwt u|fxs;Fu dfu ug'{ kg]{5 .
-%_ u|fxssf] ljj/0f cBfjlws ubf{ ljQLo hfgsf/L OsfO{nfO{ lbg'kg]{ Go"gtd ;"rgf jf hfgsf/L lng'
kg]{5 .
-^_ u|fxs klxrfg cBfjlws ug]{ qmddf oyf;Dej k|of; ubf{ ;d]t ;Dks{ x'g g;s]sf u|fxssf] 5'}
ljj/0f tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
(= hf]lvd Joj:yfkg ;DaGwdf M
-!_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] P]gsf] bkmf &3= adf]lhd hf]lvdsf] klxrfg, d"Nofg tyf
Joj:yfkg ubf{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf ljifonfO{ ;d]t cfwf/ lng' kg]{5 .
-s_ d'n'ssf] /fli6o tyf If]qut hf]lvd d"Nofg ;DaGwL k|ltj]bg,
-v_ AML/CFT sf] ;DaGwdf s'g} k|ltli7t cGt/f{li6o ;+:yfn] u/]sf] cWoog tyf cg';Gwfgsf]
k|ltj]bg,
-u_ Joj;flos ;DaGw, sf/f]jf/sf] ;Ldf / k|s[lt .
-@_ pka'Fbf g+=-!_ adf]lhd klxrfg ul/Psf] hf]lvdnfO{ pRr tyf Go"g hf]lvddf juL{s/0f ug'{ kg]{5 .
;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] cfjZostf cg';f/ hf]lvdsf] ;dLIffsf] cfwf/df yk juL{s/0f ug{
;Sg]5g\ .
!)= jfo/ :yfgfGt/0f ;DaGwdf M
-!_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] P]gsf] bkmf &7= adf]lhd jfo/ :yfgfGt/0f ;DjGwL sfo{
ug'{ kg]{5 . t/, cfjZos ljj/0fx? gv'n]sf] s'g} jfo/ :yfgfGt/0f z+sf:kb nfu]df To:tf] jfo/
:yfgfGt/0fnfO{ c:jLsf/ jf :ylut u/L tTsfn ;DalGwt lgsfodf hfgsf/L u/fpg' kg]{5 .
-@_ u|fxsn] cGt/f{li6o jfo/ 6fG;km/ jfkt /sd k|fKt ug{ pknAw u/fPsf] ljj/0f :yfgLo jfo/
:yfgfGt/0f;Fu ;DalGwt b]lvPdf ;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] :yfgLo jfo/ :yfgfGt/0f dfkm{t\
/sd k7fpg] JolQm jf ;+:yfsf] ljj/0f tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 . ;fy}, Pp6} JolQm jf ;+:yfn] o; k|s[ltsf]
sfo{ u|fxs klxrfg ljj/0f;Fu d]n gvfg] u/L k6s k6s u/]sf] kfOPdf ljQLo hfgsf/L OsfO{nfO{
hfgsf/L u/fpg' kg]{5 .
!!= ;Ldfkf/ s/]:kf]l08 a}ls ;DaGw ;DaGwdf M
-!_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] ;Ldfkf/ s/]:kf]l08 a}ls ;DaGw sfod ubf{ tyf
sf/f]af/ ubf{ P]gsf] bkmf &8= adf]lhdsf] pkfox? cjnDag ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] ;Ldfkf/ s/]:kf]l08 a}ls ;DaGw tyf sf/f]af/sf] ;do
;dodf ;dLIff ug'{ kg]{5 . ;f] ;dLIffaf6 s/]:kf]l08 a}+sn] AML/CFT Measures sf] kl/kfngf u/]
gu/]sf] olsg ug'{ kg]{5 / s/]:kf]l08 a}+sn] AML/CFT Measures sf] kl/kfngf u/]sf] gkfOPdf ;f]
a}+s;Fusf] ;DaGw cGTo ug'{ kg]{5 .

329
!@= lg/Gt/ cg'udg ;DaGwdf M
-!_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] P]gsf] bkmf &em= adf]lhd lg/Gt/ cg'udg -Ongoing Due
Deligence_ ug'{ kg]{5 .

-@_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] cfkm'n] hf/L u/]sf ljB'tLo pks/0f jf sf8{sf] ljb]zdf
ePsf] k|of]u u|fxsn] cfkm'nfO{ lbPsf] hfgsf/L jf p2]Zo cg'?k ePgePsf] / ljb]zL a}+s jf
ljQLo ;+:yfn] hf/L u/]sf] ljB'tLo pks/0f jf sfo{sf] k|of]u cfkm\gf] ;+oGq dfkm{t\ ePsf] k|of]usf]
;d]t lg/Gt/ cg'\udg ug'{ kg]{5 . o;/L cg'udg ubf{ z+sf:kb b]lvPdf To:tf] ljB'tLo pks/0f
jf sf8{sf] k|of]udf /f]s nufO{ ljQLo hfgsf/L OsfO{ nufot ;DalGwt cGo lgsfodf tTsfn
hfgsf/L u/fpg' kg]{5 .
!#= ;Ldf sf/f]af/ ;DaGwdf M
-!_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] s'g} JolQm jf ;+:yfn] P]gsf] bkmf !)s= adf]lhd b]xfosf
;Ldf -Threshold_ eGbf a9L :jb]zL jf ljb]zL d'b|fsf] sf/f]af/ u/]df To:tf] sf/f]af/sf] ljj/0f
sf/f]af/ ePsf] ldltn] !% lbgleq cg';"rL !(=@ df tf]lsPsf] 9fFrfdf ljQLo hfgsf/L OsfO{df
pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 .
-s_ s'g} u|fxsn] Ps} k6s jf k6s k6s u/L Ps lbgdf u/]sf] ?=!) nfv jf ;f] eGbf a9L
/sdsf] gub sf/f]af/,
-v_ s'g} u|fxsnfO{ Ps} k6s jf k6s k6s u/L Ps lbgdf u/]sf] ?= !) nfv jf ;f] eGbf j9L
/sd a/fa/sf] ljb]zL d'b|fsf] e'QmfgL jf g]kfnsf] ;Ldf jf/kf/ x'g] u/L u/]sf] ljB'tLo jf
cGo :yfgfGt/0f,
-u_ s'g} u|fxsn] Ps} k6s jf k6s k6s u/L Ps lbgdf u/]sf] ?= % nfv jf ;f] eGbf j9L
/sdsf] ljb]zL d'b|f ;6xL sf/f]af/ .
-@_ ?=!) nfv jf ;f] eGbf a9Lsf] lgIf]k :jLsf/ ubf{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] /sdsf]
;|f]t u|fxsnfO{ pNn]v ug{ nufpg' kg]{5 .
-#_ o; a'Fbfdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] b]xfosf
;/sf/L sfof{no, ;+:yf tyf JolQmx?n] u/]sf] sf/f]af/sf] ljj/0f ljQLo hfgsf/L OsfO{df k7fpg
cfjZos x'g] 5}g . t/, 5'6 lbOPsf pQm sf/f]jf/x?sf] xsdf z+sf:kb sf/f]jf/sf] klxrfg ug{ /
;f] adf]lhdsf] ljj/0f tof/ u/L ljQLo hfgsf/L OsfO{df k7fpg 5'6 lbPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
-s_ g]kfn ;/sf/ jf g]kfn ;/sf/ cGtu{tsf] sfof{no jf lgsfon] u/]sf] sf/f]af/,
-v_ ljz]if P]g cGtu{t :yflkt lgsfon] u/]sf] sf/f]af/,
-u_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] ;+:yfut ?kdf cfkm}+ jf cGo Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s
ljQLo ;+:yf jf ;/sf/L lgsfo;Fu u/]sf] sf/f]af/,
-3_ klAns lnld6]8 sDkgLn] cGo klAns sDkgL, ;/sf/L jf cw{ ;/sf/L sfof{no, ;+3, ;+:yf,
sDkgL jf lgsfo, ljz]if sfg'g adf]lhd :yflkt lgsfo;Fu u/]sf] sf/f]af/,
-_ k'g/aL{df Joj;fosf] sfd sf/f]af/ ubf{ aLdf sDkgLn] u/]sf] sf/f]af/,
-r_ s'g} Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] cfgf] u|fxsnfO{ k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd shf{
;fk6L jf ;'lawf k|bfg u/]sf] sf/f]af/,
-5_ ;+o'Qm /fi6 ;+3, ;f] cGt{utsf sfof{no tyf o;sf lalzi6Ls[t lgsfo / cGt/f{li6o
;+:yfx?n] u/]sf] sf/f]af/,
-h_ s'g} a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] cfgf sd{rf/LnfO{ lbPsf] ;]jf ;'lawf jfktsf] sf/]fjf/, /
-em_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] hf/L u/]sf] r]sdfkm{t s'g} Ps a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfdf /x]sf]
vftfaf6 csf]{ a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfdf /x]sf] vftfdf g]kfnleq /sd 6fG;km/ -gubdf afx]s_
ePsf] sf/f]af/ .

330
!$= z+sf:kb sf/f]af/ ;DaGwdf M
-!_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] P]gsf] bkmf &9= sf] pkbkmf -!_ df pNn]lvt vf;
sf/f]af/sf ;DaGwdf ljz]if Wofg lbg] k|0ffnLsf] ljsf; u/L nfu" ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ P]gsf] bkmf &w= adf]lhdsf] cj:yfx? ljBdfg ePdf z+sf:kb sf/f]af/ ;DaGwL k|ltj]bg o;}
lgb]{zgsf] cg';"rL !(=# adf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf tof/ u/L # lbgleq ljQLo hfsf/L OsfO{ ;dIf k]z
ug'{ kg]{5 . ;f] k|ltj]bg tof/ ubf{ ljQLo hfgsf/L OsfO{n] hf/L u/]sf] dfkb08x?nfO{ cfwf/ dfGg'
kg]{5 .
-#_ cg';Gwfg ug]{ lgsfox?af6 cg';Gwfgsf l;nl;nfdf s'g} JolQm jf ;+:yfsf] ljj/0f jf ;"rgf dfu
u/]sf] cj:yfdf z+sf:kb b]lvg] gofF tYo jf ljifo hfgsf/Ldf cfPsf] cj:yfdf afx]s ljQLo
hfgsf/L OsfO{nfO{ ;"lrt ug{ cfjZos x'g] 5}g . t/, To:tf JolQm jf ;+:yf tyf ;f] sf] sf/f]af/
;DaGwL ljj/0f dfu ul/Psf] cj:yfdf pknAw u/fpg ;Sg] u/L tof/ u/L /fVg' kg]{5 .
!%= ;"rgfsf] uf]Kotf ;DaGwdf M
Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf kbflwsf/L tyf sd{rf/Lx?n] P]g, lgodfjnL tyf o; lgb]{zg
adf]lhd tof/ ul/Psf k|ltj]bg, sfuhft, clen]v, ljj/0f, ;"rgf jf hfgsf/L u|fxs jf cGo s'g}
JolQmnfO{ hfgsf/L lbg' x'Fb}g . s;}n] u|fxs jf cGo s'g} JolQmnfO{ s'g} k|ltj]bg, sfuhft, clen]v,
ljj/0f, ;"rgf jf hfgsf/L pknAw u/fPsf] kfOPdf P]gsf] bkmf #& adf]lhd arfpm x'g] cj:yfdf afx]s
cGo cj:yfdf bkmf $$s= adf]lhd ;hfo x'g]5 .
!^= cfGtl/s lgoGq0f ;DaGwdf M
-!_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;+rfns ;ldltn] P]g, lgodfjnL / o; lgb]{zgsf] kfngf
x'g] u/L cfjZos cfGtl/s gLlt, sfo{ljlw jf lgoGq0f k|0ffnLsf] th'{df u/L nfu" ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ P]gsf] bkmf &t= sf] pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd P]g, lgodfjnL / o; lgb]{zg adf]lhdsf] bfloTj lg/Gt/
?kdf k"/f ug{ Joj:yfkg :t/sf] sfof{Gjog clwsf/L lgo'Qm u/L lghsf] gfd, 7]ufgf, of]Uotf,
;Dks{ gDa/, Od]n nufotsf ljj/0f ljQLo hfgsf/L OsfO{ ;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . ;fy}, sfof{Gjog
clwsf/L kl/jt{g ePdf jf lghsf] ljj/0fdf kl/jt{g ePdf ;f] sf] ;d]t hfgsf/L k7fpg' kg]{5 .
-#_ pka'Fbf g+=@ adf]lhd lgo'Qm sfof{Gjog clwsf/Lsf] sfd, st{Jo tyf clwsf/ P]gsf] bkmf &t= sf]
pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhdsf] cltl/Qm b]xfo adf]lhd ;d]t x'g] u/L tf]Sg' kg]{5 .
-s_ P]g, lgodfjnL / o; lgb]{zg adf]lhdsf] sfo{ k|efjsf/L jgfpg Focal Point sf] ?kdf sfd
ug]{,
-v_ P]g, lgodfjnL / o; lgb]{zg adf]lhdsf] sfo{ k|efjsf/L ?kdf ug{ gLlt, sfo{ljlw / k|0ffnL
d:of}bf th'{df u/L k]z ug]{,
-u_ ljefu, kbflwsf/L tyf sd{rf/Ljf6 P]g, lgodfjnL / o; lgb]{zg adf]lhd k|fKt c:jefljs
jf z+sf:kb sf/f]jf/ ;DjGwL ;"rgf ljZn]if0f tyf hfFra'em ug]{,
-3_ cfkm\gf] sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug{ cGo ljefu jf kbflwsf/L;Fu ljz]if1 ;]jf lng jf cfjZos
h'g;'s} sfuhft, ljj/0f jf ;"rgf lgjf{w ?kdf h'g;'s} jvt k|fKt ug{ ;Sg],
-_ P]g, lgodfjnL tyf o; lgb]{zg adf]lhdsf] ljifo sfof{Gjog eP gePsf] cg'udg u/L
k|ltj]bg k]z ug]{,
-$_ sfof{Gjog clwsf/L k|d'v /xg] u/L Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] Ps cnUu} AML/CFT
Unit v8f ug'{ kg]{5 / ;f] Unit df cfjZos sd{rf/Lx?sf] Joj:yf ;d]t ug'{ kg]{5 .
-%_ sfof{Gjog clwsf/Ln] P]g, lgodfjnL tyf o; lgb]{zg adf]lhdsf] ljifo sfof{Gjog ug]{
l;nl;nfdf dfu u/]sf] cfjZos ;"rgf, hfgsf/L, sfuhft, clen]v jf ljj/0f pknAw gug]{
;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/LnfO{ ljefuLo sf/jfxLsf] l;kmfl/z ug'{
kg]{5 / ;f] l;kmfl/z adf]lhd ;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] sf/afxL ug'{ kg]{5 . o;/L ul/Psf]
sf/afxLsf] hfgsf/L ljQLo hfgsf/L OsfO{nfO{ u/fpg' kg]{5 .

331
 -^_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] hf]lvd Joj:yfkg ;ldltn] sDtLdf tLg dlxgfdf Ps k6s P]g,
lgodfjnL / o; lgb]{zg adf]lhd ePu/]sf sfd sf/jfxLsf] k|ltj]bg ;~rfns ;ldltdf k]z
ug'{kg]{5 . pQm k|ltj]bg pk/ ;~rfns ;ldltn] cfjZos ;dLIff ug'{ kg]{5 .
-&_ P]g, lgodfjnL / o; lgb]{zgsf] kfngf k|efjsf/L Pj+ kl/0ffdd'vL agfpgsf nflu Ohfhtkqk|fKt
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] cfkm\gf] z]o/wgL, ;~rfns ;ldltsf ;b:ox? tyf pRr Joj:yfkg /
sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ b]xfo adf]lhd x'g] u/L ;+:yfut Ifdtf clej[l4 sfo{qmddf ;xefuL u/fpg] Joj:yf
ldnfpg' kg]{5 .
-s_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] r'Qmf k"FhLsf] b'O{ k|ltzt jf ;f] eGbf j9L z]o/
:jfldTj ePsf z]o/wgL, ;~rfns ;ldltsf ;b:ox? tyf pRr Jo:yfkgnfO{ o; ljifosf]
ufDeLo{tfsf af/]df 1fg cfbfgk|bfg (Knowledge Sharing) sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug]{ .
-v_ sd{rf/Lsf] xsdf Ifdtf clej[l4sf nflu lgoldt ?kn] 1fg k|bfg ug]{ sfo{qmddf ;xefuL
u/fpg] .
-u_ sfof{Gjog clwsf/L / AML/CFT Unit sf] sfo{df k|ToIf tyf lgoldt ?kdf ;+nUg cGo
sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ AML/CFT ;DaGwL laifodf pko'Qm :jb]zL tyf j}b]lzs tflnd sfo{qmddf
;xefuL u/fpg] .
!&= clen]v Joj:yfkg ;DaGwdf M
Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] P]gsf] bkmf &b= / lgodfjnLsf] lgod !@ adf]lhd tof/ ePsf
ljj/0f, ;"rL, hfgsf/L, k|ltj]bg, clen]v, ;"rgfx? kfFr jif{;Dd ;'/lIft /fVg' kg]{5 . ;fy}, pk/f]Qm
ljj/0fx? cfjZos k/]sf] jvt tTsfn pknAw u/fpg ;lsg] u/L ljB'tLo dfWoddf ;d]t clen]v /fVg'
kg]{5 . o;/L /fv]sf] clen]v sfg"gL sf/afxLsf] l;nl;nfdf k|df0f :j?k k|of]u ug{ ;lsg] u/L b'?:t
/fVg' kg]{5 .
!*= sf/afxL tyf ;hfo ;DaGwdf M
-!_ P]g, lgodfjnL tyf o; lgb]{zgsf] Joj:yfsf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog gug]{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf
ljQLo ;+:yf / To:tf] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf sd{rf/L tyf kbflwsf/LnfO{ P]g adf]lhdsf]
sf/afxL x'g]5 .
-@_ pka'Fbf g+= ! adf]lhd sf/jfxL ubf{ P]g, lgodfjnL tyf lgb]{zgsf] kfngf gePsf] cj:yf,
pNn3+gsf] dfqf / ;f] af6 kg{ ;Sg] k|0ffnLut k|efj nufotsf ljifosf] ufDeLo{tfsf cfwf/df o;
a}+sn] b]xfo adf]lhdsf] sf/afxLx? ug{ ;Sg]5 .
qm=;+= kfngf gePsf] Joj:yf sf/jfxL

! gLlt tyf sfo{ljlw gePdf klxnf] k6ssf nflu :ki6Ls/0f ;f]lwg] .

@ u|fxs klxrfg ;DaGwL Joj:yf
sfof{Gjog gePdf
# HffgLa'emL a]gfdL jf sfNklgs
gfddf sf/f]af/ u/]sf] kfOPdf
bf];|f] k6sb]lv ?= !) nfv jf ufDeLo{tfsf]
cfwf/df ?= % s/f]8;Dd hl/jfgf ug]{ .
klxnf] k6ssf nflu :ki6Ls/0f ;f]lwg] .
bf];|f] k6ssf nflu ?= !) nfv hl/jfgf ug]{ .
t]>f] k6sb]lv ?= %) nfv jf ufDeLo{/tf
cg';f/ yk hl/jfgf ug]{ .
?= %) nfv jf ufDeLo{/tf cg';f/ yk
hl/jfgf ug]{ .

$ P]gsf] kl/R5]b ^v sf] Joj:yf klxnf] k6ssf nflu ?= @) nfv hl/jfgf ug]{ .
kfngf ePsf] gkfOPdf bf];|f] k6ssf nflu ?= %) nfv hl/jfgf ug]{ .
t]>f] k6sb]lv ?= @ s/f]8 jf ufDeLo{tf cg';f/
?= % s/f]8;Dd hl/jfgf ug]{ .

332
qm=;+= kfngf gePsf] Joj:yf
% pRrkb:y AolStsf] klxrfg x'g]
k|0ffnLsf] Joj:yf gePdf
^ jf:tljs wgLsf] klxrfg ug]{,
j[xt u|fxs klxrfg ug]{ tyf
u|fxs klxrfg cBfjlws ug]{
Joj:yf gePdf
& hf]lvd Joj:yfkg ;ldltn]
tf]lsP adf]lhd sfo{ u/]sf]
gkfOPdf
* jfo/ 6fG;km/ / /]ld6fG; ubf{
u|fxssf] klxrfg x'g g;s]df
( jfo/ 6fG;km/ / /]ld6fG; ubf{
jf:tljs wgLsf] klxrfg x'g
g;s]df
!) o; lgb]{zg adf]lhd AML/CFT
sf ljlw (Measures) nfO{
?h'Plsg gu/L s/]:kf]08]G6
a}ls ;DjGwL sf/f]jf/ u/]df
!! lg/Gt/ cg'udg ;DjGwL
Joj:yf gePdf
!@ ;LDff sf/f]af/sf] ljj/0f ljQLo
hfgsf/L OsfO{df tf]lsPsf]
;dodf k]z gu/]df
!# z+sf:kb sf/f]af/sf] klxrfg ug]{
;+oGqk|0ffnL gePdf tyf
z+sf:kb sf/f]jf/ k|ltj]bg
tf]lsPsf] 9fFrf / ;dodf k]z
gu/]df
!$ sfof{Gjog clwsf/Lsf] Joj:yf
gu/]df
!% hf]lvd Joj:yfkg ;ldltn] k]z
ug'{kg]{ k|ltj]bg ;dodf k]z
gu/]df tyf ;+rfns ;ldltn]
ug'{kg]{ ;dLIff gu/]df
!^ ;+:yfut tyf sd{rf/Lsf] Ifdtf
clej[l4 gu/]df
333
sf/jfxL
k6s k6s k|0ffnLut ;d:of ePdf sf/f]af/ jf
Aoj;fodf cf+lzs jf k"0f{ /f]s nufpg] jf
Ohfhtkq lgnDjg jf vf/]h ug]{ ;Ddsf]
sf/afxL ug]{ .
klxnf] k6ssf nflu ?= !) nfv hl/jfgf ug]{ .
bf];|f] k6ssf nflu ?= @) nfv hl/jfgf ug]{ .
t];|]f k6sb]lv ?= ! s/f]8 jf ufDeLo{tf cg';f/
?= % s/f]8;Dd hl/jfgf ug]{ .
klxnf] k6ssf nflu ?= !) nfv hl/jfgf ug]{ .
bf];|f] k6ssf nflu ?= @) nfv hl/jfgf ug]{ .
t];|f] k6sb]lv ?= ! s/f]8 jf ufDeLo{tf cg';f/
?= % s/f]8;Dd hl/jfgf ug]{ .
?= !) nfv jf ufDeLo{tf cg';f/ yk hl/jfgf
ug]{ .
?= !) nfv jf sf/f]jf/ /sd h'g j9L x'G5 ;f]
a/fa/ jf ufDeLo{tf cg';f/ yk hl/jfgf ug]{ .
?= @) nfv jf sf/f]jf/ /sd h'g j9L x'G5 ;f]
a/fa/ jf ufDeLo{tf cg';f/ yk .
?= !) nfv jf sf/f]jf/ /sd h'g j9L x'G5 ;f]
a/fa/ jf ufDeLo{tf cg';f/ yk hl/jfgf ug]{ .
klxnf] k6ssf nflu ?= !) nfv hl/jfgf ug]{ .
bf];|f] k6sb]lv ?= @) nfv jf ufDeLo{tf
cg';f/ yk hl/jfgf ug]{ .
klxnf] k6ssf nflu ?= @) nfv hl/jfgf ug]{ .
bf];|f] k6ssf nflu ?= %) nfv hl/jfgf ug]{ .
t];|f] k6sb]lv ?= ! s/f]8 jf ufDeLo{tf cg';f/
?= % s/f]8;Dd hl/jfgf ug]{ .
klxnf] k6ssf nflu ?= @) nfv hl/jfgf ug]{ .
bf];|f] k6ssf nflu ?= %) nfv hl/jfgf ug]{ .
t];|f] k6sb]lv ?= ! s/f]8 jf ufDeLo{tf cg';f/
?= % s/f]8;Dd hl/jfgf ug]{ .
?= @) nfv hl/jfgf ug]{ .
klxnf] k6ssf nflu :ki6Ls/0f ;f]lwg] .
bf];|f] k6ssf nflu ?= !) nfv hl/jfgf ug]{ .
t]>f] k6sb]lv ?= %) nfv jf ufDeLo{/tf
cg';f/ yk hl/jfgf ug]{ .
klxnf] k6ssf nflu :ki6Ls/0f ;f]lwg] .
bf];|f] k6ssf nflu ?= !) nfv hl/jfgf ug]{ .
 qm=;+= kfngf gePsf] Joj:yf sf/jfxL

t]>f] k6sb]lv ?= @) nfv jf ufDeLo{/tf

!& tf]lsPsf ljj/0fx?sf] clen]v
g/flvPdf jf tf]lsPsf]
;do;Dd ;'/lIft g/flvPdf
cg';f/ yk hl/jfgf ug]{ .
klxnf] k6ssf nflu :ki6Ls/0f ;f]lwg] .
bf];|f] k6ssf nflu ?= !) nfv hl/jfgf ug]{ .
t]>f] k6sb]lv ?= @) nfv jf ufDeLo{/tf
cg';f/ yk hl/jfgf ug]{ .

-#_ o; a'Fbf adf]lhd ul/g] sf/jfxL ck{ofKt ePsf] nfu]df a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ g]kfn /fi6 a}+s
P]g, @)%* / a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)&# adf]lhd o; a}+sn] yk sf/afxL ug{
;Sg]5 .
-$_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ o; a'Fbf adf]lhd sf/jfxL jf ;hfo ePdf / To:tf] ;hfo pQm ;+:yfsf]
s'g} kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/Lsf] sfd sf/jfxLsf] sf/0fn] ePsf] b]lvPdf To:tf] kbflwsf/L jf
sd{rf/LnfO{ ;DjlGWft a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] k|rlnt sfg"g jf ;+:yfsf] ljlgodfjnL adf]lhd
sf/jfxL ug'{ kg]{5 .
!(= vf/]hL / jrfpm M
-!_ PsLs[t lgb]{zg, @)&# sf]] ;DklQ z"4Ls/0f tyf cft+sjfbL sfo{df ljQLo nufgL lgjf/0f ;DaGwL
Joj:yf O=k|f= lgb]{zg g+= !()&# af6 hf/L ul/Psf] lgb]{zg / ;f] kZrft ldlt @)&$ ;fpg (
ut];Dd hf/L ePsf o;};+u ;DalGwt ;Dk"0f{ kl/kqx? .
-@_ P]g, lgodfjnL / o; lgb]{zgn] aGb]h nufPsf] cj:yfx?df afx]s pka'Fbf -!_ adf]lhd vf/]h
ul/Psf] lgb]{zg adf]lhd eP u/]sf ;Dk"0f{ sfd sf/afxLx? o;} lgb]{zg adf]lhd eP u/]sf]
dflgg]5 .

334
 cg';"rL !(=!

u|fxs klxrfg tyf ;f]sf] ;Dk'i6L ubf{ lng' kg]{ sfuhft tyf ljj/0fx?

Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] s'g} klg u|fxssf] vftf vf]Nbf u|fxssf] k|s[lt cg';f/ b]xfosf
ljj/0f tyf sfuhftx? lng' kg]{5 .

-s_ JolQmut vftf -g]kfnL gful/ssf] xsdf_

-!_ gfd, y/ ln M
-@_ hGd ldlt M /fli6otfM
-#_ :yfoL 7]ufgfM
lhNnf=============== g=kf=uf=kf================= j8f g+==== 6f]nufFp===========3/ gDa/============
6]lnkmf]g g+==================df]jfOn g+=====================Od]n 7]ufgf======================
-$_ xfnsf] 7]ufgfM
lhNnf=============== g=kf= uf=kf================== j8f g+==== 6f]nufFp===========3/ gDa/============
6]lnkmf]g g+==================df]jfOn g+=====================Od]n 7]ufgf======================
-%_ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] Go'gtd Ps ljj/0f / ;f]sf] ;Dk'li6 ug]{ sfuhft
s= gful/stf
gful/stf g+===========hf/L ug]{ lhNnf================ hf/L ldlt================
v= /fxbfgL
/fxbfgL g+==============hf/L ug]{ lhNnf================ hf/L ldlt========== clGtd ldlt =====================
u= dtbftf kl/rokq
kl/rokq g+===========hf/L ug]{ lgsfo==================hf/L ldlt================
3= ;jf/Lrfns cg'dltkq
cg'dltkq g+=========hf/L ug]{ lgsfo===================hf/L ldlt========= clGtd ldlt ======================
-^_ gfjfnssf] xsdf
s= hGd btf{ k|df0fkq jf gfjfns kl/rokq
k|df0fkqkl/rokq g+=============== hf/L ug]{ lgsfo================== hf/L ldlt================
v= cleefjs jf ;+/Ifssf] gful/stf/fxbfgLdtbftf kl/rokq;jf/Lrfns cg'dltkq
gDa/=========== hf/L ug]{ lgsfo============== hf/L ldlt============= clGtd ldlt ================
-&_ gful/stf glnPsf] g]kfnL gful/ssf] xsdf
s= ufpFkflnsf jf dxfpkdxfgu/kflnsfsf] l;kmfl/;
l;kmfl/;rnfgL g+==================hf/L ug]{ lgsfo======================== hf/L ldlt================
-*_ :yfoL n]vf gDa/ -pknAw ePsf]cGo lgb]{zg adf]lhd cfjZos ePsf] xsdf dfq_M
-(_ cfdfafa' jf cfdf jf afa' dWo] s'g} Pssf] k"/f gfd
-gf]6M kl/jf/sf cGo ;b:ox? -h:t} kltklTg, afh], 5f]/f, 5f]/L, a'xf/L, bfO{, efO{, ljjflxt
dlxnfsf] xsdf ;;'/f;f;'_sf] ljj/0f a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] cfjZos 7fg]sf] v08df lng
;Sg]5g\ ._
-!)_ ;+nUg /x]sf] k]zfJoj;foM
-;+:yfsf] gfd, 7]ufgf, ;Dks{ g+=, kb, cg'dflgt jflif{s cfDbfgLkfl/>lds tyf cGo ljj/0f_
-!!_ lgj]bsn] ;+nUg ug'kg]{ sfuhftx?M
-c_ gful/stf jf /fxbfgL jf :yfoL n]vf gDa/sf] k|df0fkq jf ;/sf/L, ;fj{hlgs ;+:yf tyf
;+ul7t ;+:yfsf g]kfnL sd{rf/Lsf] xsdf lghsf] sd{rf/L kl/rokq jf g]kfn ;/sf/af6
cg'bfgk|fKt ljBfno, dxfljBfno tyf ljZjljBfnosf sd{rf/L, lzIfs jf k|fWofkssf] xsdf

335
 lghsf] sd{rf/LlzIfsk|fWofks kl/rokqsf] 5lalrq
-cf_ xfn;fn} lvlrPsf] kf;kf]6{ ;fOhsf] kmf]6f]
-!@_ ;DalGwt ;+:yfn] cfjZos 7fg]sf cGo ljj/0f tyf sfuhftx? .
:ki6Ls/0fM
-!_ 3/ g+=, 6]lnkmf]g g+=, df]jfOn g+=, Od]n 7]ufgf, /fxbfgL, k]zf Joj;fo, :yfoL n]vf gDa/
h:tf ljj/0fx? gePsf lgj]bssf] xsdf To:tf ljj/0f pNn]v ug{ clgjfo{ x'g] 5}g . t/ ;f]
ljj/0fx? cfkm';Fu g/x]sf] Joxf]/f :j3f]if0ff u/fpg' kg]{5 .
-@_ o; lgb]{zg adf]lhd a[xt u|fxs klxrfg k4lt -ECDD_ ckgfpg' kg]{ u|fxsx?sf] xsdf
eg] Psf3/ kl/jf/sf ;b:ox?sf] gful/stfsf] 5lalrq -gfjfnssf] xsdf kl/rokq_ lng'
kg]{5 .
-#_ z/0ffyL{sf] xsdf gful/stfsf] ;f g]kfn ;/sf/ jf cGo cflwsfl/s lgsfon] lbPsf] kl/ro
kqsf] 5lalrqnfO{ cfwf/ lng ;lsg]5 .

-v_ ;fem]bf/L jf JolQmut kmd{sf] vftf

-!_ kmd{sf] gfd
-@_ /lhi6{8{ sfof{nosf] 7]ufgf -lhNnf, g=kf=uf=kf=, j8f g+=, 6f]nufFp, 3/ gDa/, 6]lnkmf]g g+=,
km\ofS; g+=, Od]n, j]j;fO6_
-#_ Jofj;flos sfof{nosf] 7]ufgf -lhNnf, g=kf=uf=kf=, j8f g+=, 6f]nufFp, 3/ gDa/, 6]lnkmf]g g+=,
km\ofS; g+=, Od]n, j]j;fO6_
-$_ btf{sf] k|df0fkq -btf{ g+=, btf{ ug]{ sfof{no, btf{ ldlt_, cg'dltkq jf Ohfhtkq / sf/f]af/
cg'dltkq jf gjLs/0fsf] k|df0fkq gDa/, hf/L ldlt, axfn /xg] cjlw / hf/L ug]{ lgsfo
-%_ :yfoL n]vf gDa/jf s/ k|of]hgsf] nflu ;/sf/L lgsfon] k|bfg u/]sf] To:t} k|sf/sf] k|df0fkq
gDa/,
-^_ Joj;fosf/f]af/sf] lsl;d
-&_ sfo{If]q
-*_ zfvfsfof{no ;+Vof / d'Vod'Vo zfvfsfof{nox? /x]sf] :yfg
-(_ jflif{s cg'dflgt sf/f]af/ /sd
-!) k|f]k|fO6/, ;fem]bf/ / vftf ;~rfnsx?sf] ljj/0f -kb, gfd, y/, kltklTg, afa', afh]sf] gfd,
:yfoL 7]ufgf, xfnsf] 7]ufgf, 6]lnkmf]g g+=, df]jfOn g+=, Od]n 7]ufgf_
-!!_ k|f]k|fO6/, ;fem]bf/ / vftf ;~rfnsx?sf] kf;kf]6{ ;fO{hsf] kmf]6f] / gful/stf jf kf;kf]6{sf
5lalrq
-!@_ kl5Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] n]vfk/LIf0f ePsf] ljQLo ljj/0f .
-!#_ kl5Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] s/r'Qmf k|df0fkq jf s/ bflvnf ljj/0f
-!$_ kmd{sf ;fem]bf/ aLr ePsf] sa'lnotgfdf
-!%_ ;fem]bf/ kmd{ eP cfly{s tyf k|zf;lgs sf/f]af/ ug]{ ;DaGwdf lbPsf] clVtof/gfdf
-!^_ ;DalGwt ;+:yfn] cfjZos 7fg]sf cGo ljj/0f tyf sfuhftx? .

-u_ sDkgLsf] vftf

-!_ sDkgLsf] gfd
-@_ /lhi6{8{ sfof{nosf] 7]ufgf -lhNnf, g=kf=uf=kf=, j8f g+=, 6f]nufFp, 3/ gDa/, 6]lnkmf]g g+=,
km\ofS; g+=, Od]n, j]j;fO6_
-#_ Jofj;flos sfof{nosf] 7]ufgf -lhNnf, g=kf=uf=kf=, j8f g+=, 6f]nufFp, 3/ gDa/, 6]lnkmf]g g+=,
km\ofS; g+=, Od]n, j]j;fO6_
-$_ btf{sf] k|df0fkq -btf{ g+=, btf{ ug]{ sfof{no, btf{ ldlt_, cg'dltkq jf Ohfhtkq / sf/f]af/
cg'dltkq jf gjLs/0fsf] k|df0fkq gDa/, hf/L ldlt, axfn /xg] cjlw / hf/L ug]{ lgsfo

336
 -%_ :yfoL n]vf gDa/jf s/ k|of]hgsf] nflu ;/sf/L lgsfon] k|bfg u/]sf] To:t} k|sf/sf] k|df0fkq
gDa/,
-^_ Joj;fosf/f]af/sf] lsl;d
-&_ sfo{If]q
-*_ zfvfsfof{no ;+Vof / d'Vod'Vo zfvfsfof{nox? /x]sf] :yfg
-(_ jflif{s cg'dflgt sf/f]af/ /sd
-!)_ ;~rfns, Joj:yfkg ;ldlt jf To:t} sfo{sf nflu u7g ePsf] cGo s'g} ;ldlt eP To;sf
kbflwsf/L, sfo{sf/L k|d'v, vftf ;~rfnsx? / pRr Joj:yfkssf] JolQmut ljj/0f -kb, gfd,
y/, kltklTg, afa', afh]sf] gfd, :yfoL 7]ufgf, xfnsf] 7]ufgf, 6]lnkmf]g g+=, df]jfOn g+=, Od]n
7]ufgf_
-!!_ bz k|ltzt jf ;f] eGbf a9L z]o/ wf/0f ug]{ z]o/wgLsf] JolQmut ljj/0f -gfd, y/, kltklTg,
afa', afh]sf] gfd, :yfoL 7]ufgf, xfnsf] 7]ufgf, 6]lnkmf]g g+=, df]jfOn g+=, Od]n 7]ufgf_
-!@_ ;~rfns, sfo{sf/L k|d'v / vftf ;~rfnsx?sf] kf;kf]6{ ;fO{hsf] kmf]6f] / gful/stf jf
kf;kf]6{sf] 5ljlrq .
-!#_ sDkgLsf] bz k|ltzt jf ;f] eGbf a9L z]o/ :jfldTj wf/0f ug]{] sfg"gL JolQm -sDkgL, ;+:yf_ sf]
xsdf ;f] sfg"gL JolQmsf] bz k|ltzt jf ;f] eGbf a9L z]o/ wf/0f ug]{ z]o/wgLsf]JolQmut ljj/0f
-gfd, y/, kltklTg, afa', afh]sf] gfd, :yfoL 7]ufgf, xfnsf] 7]ufgf, 6]lnkmf]g g+=, df]jfOn g+=,
Od]n 7]ufgf_
-!$_ kl5Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] n]vfk/LIf0f ePsf] ljQLo ljj/0f
-!%_ kl5Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] s/r'Qmf k|df0fkq jf s/ bflvnf ljj/0f
-!^_ ljb]zL sDkgLsf] ;xfos sDkgL ePdf ljb]zL d'Vo sDkgLsf] gfd / 7]ufgf
-!&_ ;+:yfkgf / u7g ;DaGwL k|df0fkq tyf sDkgLsf] k|aGwkq / lgodfjnL
-!*_ vftf vf]Ng] / vftf ;~rfng ug]{ ;DaGwdf ;~rfns ;ldltn] u/]sf] lg0f{o / clVtof/L
-!(_ ;~rfns ;ldltn] sfo{sf/L k|d'v / cGo clws[t sd{rf/LnfO{ cfly{s sf/f]af/sf] ;DaGwdf k|bfg
u/]sf] clVtof/L
-@)_ ;DalGwt ;+:yfn] cfjZos 7fg]sf cGo ljj/0f tyf sfuhftx? .
:ki6Ls/0fM
ljz]if P]g cGtu{t :yfkgf ePsf ;+ul7t ;+:yfx?sf] xsdf btf{sf] k|df0fkq ;DaGwL ljj/0f lng
clgjfo{ x'g] 5}g .

-3_ Snau}/;/sf/L ;+3;+:yfsf] vftf

-!_ Sna tyf u}/;/sf/L ;+3 ;+:yfsf] gfd
-@_ btf{ x'Fbfsf] 7]ufgf -lhNnf, g=kf=uf=kf=, j8f g+=, 6f]nufFp, 3/ gDa/, 6]lnkmf]g g+=, km\ofS; g+=,
Od]n 7]ufgf, j]j;fO6 7]ufgf_
-#_ btf{ x'Fbfsf] 7]ufgf kl/jt{g ePsf] ePdf kl/jtL{t 7]ufgf
-$_ btf{sf] k|df0fkq -btf{ g+=, btf{ ug]{ sfof{no, btf{ ldlt_, cg'dltkq jf Ohfhtkq / sf/f]af/
cg'dltkq jf gjLs/0fsf] k|df0fkq gDa/, hf/L ldlt, axfn /xg] cjlw / hf/L ug]{ lgsfo
-%_ :yfoL n]vf gDa/jf s/ k|of]hgsf] nflu ;/sf/L lgsfon] k|bfg u/]sf] To:t} k|sf/sf] k|df0fkq
gDa/,
-^_ sf/f]af/sf] lsl;d
-&_ sfo{If]q
-*_ zfvfsfof{no ;+Vof / d'Vod'Vo zfvfsfof{nox? /x]sf] :yfg
-(_ jflif{s cg'dflgt sf/f]af/ /sd
-!)_ sfo{sf/L k|d'v / vftf ;~rfnsx?sf] JolQmut ljj/0f -kb, gfd, y/, kltkTgL, afa', afh]sf]

337
 gfd, :yfoL 7]ufgf, xfnsf] 7]ufgf,6]lnkmf]g g+=, df]jfOn g+=, Od]n 7]ufgf_
-!!_ sfo{ ;ldltsf ;b:o,6i6L, lgoGqs, ;+/Ifs jf ;]6n/sf] JolQmut ljj/0f-kb, gfd, y/,:yfoL
7]ufgf, xfnsf] 7]ufgf,Od]n 7]ufgf tyf sfo{/t ;+:yfsf] gfd, 7]ufgf / ;Dks{ g+=_ tyf 7]ufgf v'Ng]
sfuhft
-!!_ sfo{sf/L k|d'v / vftf ;~rfnsx?sf] kf;kf]6{ ;fO{hsf] kmf]6f] / gful/stf jf /fxbfgLsf] 5lalrq
-!@_ kl5Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] n]vfk/LIf0f ePsf] ljQLo ljj/0f
-!#_ ;+:yf btf{ k|df0fkqsf] 5lalrq
-!$_ ljwfg
-!%_ vftf vf]Ng] ;DaGwL sfo{ ;ldltsf] lg0f{o
-!^_ vftf ;~rfng tyf cfly{s sf/f]af/ ;DaGwL clVtof/L
-!&_ ;DalGwt ;+:yfn] cfjZos 7fg]sf cGo ljj/0f tyf sfuhftx? .

-_ ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] vftf

(1) ;+:yfsf] gfd
(2) /lhi6{8{ sfof{nosf] 7]ufgf -lhNnf, g=kf=uf=kf=, j8f g+=, 6f]nufFp, 3/ gDa/, 6]lnkmf]g g+=,
km\ofS; g+=, Od]n, j]j;fO6_
(3) Jofj;flos sfof{nosf] 7]ufgf -lhNnf, g=kf=uf=kf=, j8f g+=, 6f]nufFp, 3/ gDa/, 6]lnkmf]g g+=,
km\ofS; g+=, Od]n, j]j;fO6_
(4) btf{sf] k|df0fkq -btf{ g+=, btf{ ug]{ sfof{no, btf{ ldlt_, cg'dltkq jf Ohfhtkq / sf/f]af/
cg'dltkq jf gjLs/0fsf] k|df0fkq gDa/, hf/L ldlt, axfn /xg] cjlw / hf/L ug]{ lgsfo
(5) :yfoL n]vf gDa/ jf s/ k|of]hgsf] nflu ;/sf/L lgsfon] k|bfg u/]sf] To:t} k|sf/sf] k|df0fkq
gDa/,
(6) Joj;fosf/f]af/sf] lsl;d
(7) sfo{If]q
(8) zfvfsfof{no ;+Vof / d'Vod'Vo zfvfsfof{nox? /x]sf] :yfg
(9) jflif{s cg'dflgt sf/f]af/ /sd
(10) ;~rfns, sfo{sf/L k|d'v / vftf ;~rfnsx?sf] JolQmut ljj/0f -kb, gfd, y/, kltkTgL, afa',
afh]sf] gfd, :yfoL 7]ufgf, xfnsf] 7]ufgf, 6]lnkmf]g g+=, df]jfOn g+=, Od]n 7]ufgf_
(11) ;~rfns, sfo{sf/L k|d'v / vftf ;~rfnsx?sf] kf;kf]6{ ;fO{hsf] kmf]6f] / gful/stf jf
/fxbfgLsf] 5lalrq
(12) kl5Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] n]vfk/LIf0f ePsf] ljQLo ljj/0f
(13) kl5Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] s/r'Qmf k|df0fkq jf s/ bflvnf ljj/0f
(14) ;+:yfsf] ljlgod
(15) ;+:yf btf{ ;DaGwL k|df0fkqsf] 5lalrq
(16) vftf vf]Ng] ;DaGwL ;~rfns ;ldltsf] lg0f{o / cfly{s sf/f]af/ ug]{ ;DaGwL clVtof/L
(17) ;DalGwt ;+:yfn] cfjZos 7fg]sf cGo ljj/0f tyf sfuhftx? .

r_ ;fj{hlgs u'7L jf lghL u'7Lsf] vftf

(1) gfd
(2) btf{ x'Fbfsf] 7]ufgf -lhNnf, g=kf=uf=kf=, j8f g+=, 6f]nufFp, 3/ gDa/, 6]lnkmf]g g+=, km\ofS; g+=,
Od]n 7]ufgf, j]j;fO6 7]ufgf_
(3) btf{ x'Fbfsf] 7]ufgf kl/jt{g ePsf] ePdf kl/jlt{t 7]ufgf
(4) btf{sf] k|df0fkq -btf{ g+=, btf{ ug]{ sfof{no, btf{ ldlt_, cg'dltkq jf Ohfhtkq / sf/f]af/
cg'dltkq jf gjLs/0fsf] k|df0fkq gDa/, hf/L ldlt, axfn /xg] cjlw / hf/L ug]{ lgsfo

338
 (5) :yfoL n]vf gDa/ jf s/ k|of]hgsf] nflu ;/sf/L lgsfon] k|bfg u/]sf] To:t} k|sf/sf] k|df0fkq
gDa/,
(6) sf/f]af/sf] lsl;d
(7) sfo{If]q
(8) zfvfsfof{no ;+Vof / d'Vod'Vo zfvfsfof{nox? /x]sf] :yfg
(9) jflif{s cg'dflgt sf/f]af/ /sd
(10) ;~rfns jf Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf ;b:o jf To:t} sfo{sf nflu u7g ePsf] cGo s'g} ;ldlt eP
To;sf kbflwsf/L, sfo{sf/L k|d'v / vftf ;~rfnsx?sf] ljj/0f -kb, gfd, y/, kltkTgL, afa',
afh]sf] gfd, :yfoL 7]ufgf, xfnsf] 7]ufgf, 6]lnkmf]g g+=, df]jfOn g+=, Od]n 7]ufgf_
(11) sfo{sf/L k|d'v / vftf ;~rfnsx?sf] kf;kf]6{ ;fO{hsf] kmf]6f] / gful/stf jf /fxbfgLsf] 5lalrq
tyf ;~rfns jf Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf ;b:ox?sf] 7]ufgf v'Ng] sfuhft
(12) kl5Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] n]vfk/LIf0f ePsf] ljQLo ljj/0f
(13) kl5Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] s/ bflvnf ljj/0f
(14) ljwfg
(15) u'7L :yfkgf ;DaGwL ePsf] sa'lnotgfdf
(16) u'7L :yfkgf ;DaGwL k|df0fkqsf] k|dfl0ft 5lalrq
(17) vftf vf]Ng] ;DaGwL ;~rfnsJoj:yfkg ;ldltsf] lg0f{o / cfly{s sf/f]af/ ;DaGwL clVtof/L
(18) ;DalGwt ;+:yfn] cfjZos 7fg]sf cGo ljj/0f tyf sfuhftx? .

-5_ :s'n jf SofDk;sf] vftf

(1) :s'n jf SofDk;sf] gfd
(2) btf{ x'Fbfsf] 7]ufgf -lhNnf, g=kf=uf=kf=, j8f g+=, 6f]nufFp, 3/ gDa/, 6]lnkmf]g g+=, km\ofS; g+=,
Od]n 7]ufgf, j]j;fO6 7]ufgf_
(3) btf{ x'Fbfsf] 7]ufgf kl/jt{g ePsf] ePdf kl/jtL{t 7]ufgf
(4) btf{sf] k|df0fkq -btf{ g+=, btf{ ug]{ sfof{no, btf{ ldlt_
(5) :yfoL n]vf gDa/:yfoL n]vf gDa/jf s/ k|of]hgsf] nflu ;/sf/L lgsfon] k|bfg u/]sf] To:t}
k|sf/sf] k|df0fkq gDa/
(6) sf/f]af/sf] lsl;d
(7) sfo{If]q
(8) zfvfsfof{no ;+Vof / d'Vod'Vo zfvfsfof{nox? /x]sf] :yfg
(9) jflif{s cg'dflgt sf/f]af/ /sd
(10) ;~rfns jf Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf ;b:o jf To:t} sfo{sf nflu u7g ePsf] cGo s'g} ;ldlt eP
To;sf kbflwsf/L, sfo{sf/L k|d'v / vftf ;~rfnsx?sf] ljj/0f -kb, gfd, y/, kltkTgL, afa',
afh]sf] gfd, :yfoL 7]ufgf, xfnsf] 7]ufgf, 6]lnkmf]g g+=, df]jfOn g+=, Od]n 7]ufgf_
(11) sfo{sf/L k|d'v / vftf ;~rfnsx?sf] kf;kf]6{ ;fO{hsf] kmf]6f] / gful/stf jf /fxbfgLsf] 5lalrq
(12) kl5Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] n]vfk/LIf0f ePsf] ljQLo ljj/0f
(13) kl5Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] s/ bflvnf ljj/0f
(14) k|aGwkq / lgodfjnL
(15) ;+:yf :jLs[ltsf] k|df0fkqsf] k|dfl0ft 5lalrq
(16) ;~rfnsJoj:yfkg ;ldltn] vftf vf]Ng] ;DaGwL u/]sf] lg0f{o / cfly{s sf/f]af/ ;DaGwL lbPsf]
clVtof/L
(17) ;DalGwt ;+:yfn] cfjZos 7fg]sf cGo ljj/0f tyf sfuhftx? .

339
-h_ cGt/f{li6o u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfsf] vftf
(1) ;+:yfsf] gfd
(2) btf{ x'Fbfsf] 7]ufgf -lhNnf, g=kf=uf=kf=, j8f g+=, 6f]nufFp, 3/ gDa/, 6]lnkmf]g g+=, km\ofS; g+=,
Od]n 7]ufgf, j]j;fO6 7]ufgf_
(3) btf{ x'Fbfsf] 7]ufgf kl/jt{g ePsf] ePdf kl/jtL{t 7]ufgf
(4) btf{sf] k|df0fkq -btf{ g+=, btf{ ug]{ sfof{no, btf{ ldlt_
(5) :yfoL n]vf gDa/jf s/ k|of]hgsf] nflu ;/sf/L lgsfon] k|bfg u/]sf] To:t} k|sf/sf] k|df0fkq
gDa/,
(6) sf/f]af/sf] lsl;d
(7) sfo{If]q
(8) zfvfsfof{no ;+Vof / d'Vod'Vo zfvfsfof{nox? /x]sf] :yfg
(9) jflif{s cg'dflgt sf/f]af/ /sd
(10) ;~rfns,6i6L, lgoGqs, ;+/Ifs jf ;]6n/, sfo{sf/L k|d'v, g]kfnsf nflu lgo'Qm k|ltlglw jf k|d'v
/ vftf ;~rfnsx?sf] JolQmut ljj/0f -kb, gfd, y/, kltklTg, afa', afh]sf] gfd, :yfoL 7]ufgf,
xfnsf] 7]ufgf, 6]lnkmf]g g+=, Od]n 7]ufgf jf sfo{:ynsf] k'/f 7]ufgf_ tyf 7]ufgf v'Ng] sfuhft
(11) sfo{sf/L k|d'v, g]kfnsf nflu lgo'Qm k|ltlglw jf k|d'v / vftf ;~rfnsx?sf] kf;kf]6{ ;fO{hsf]
kmf]6f] / gful/stf jf /fxbfgLsf] 5lalrq
(12) kl5Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] n]vfk/LIf0f ePsf] ljQLo ljj/0f
(13) s/ ljj/0f bflvnf ug'{kg]{ ;+:yfsf] xsdf kl5Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] s/ bflvnf ljj/0f
(14) ;dfh sNof0f kl/ifb\ / ;+:yf aLr s'g} ;Demf}tf ePsf] eP ;Demf}tfsf] k|ltlnkL
(15) g]kfn ;/sf/;Fu s'g} ;Demf}tf ePsf] eP ;f] ;Demf}tf
(16) g]kfnsf] s'g} cflwsfl/s lgsfojf6 ;DaGwg jf :jLs[lt lnO;s]sf cGt/f{li6o u}=;=;+= afx]s cGo
cGt/f{li6o u}=;=;+=sf] xsdf ;DalGwt b]z jf ;f] b]zsf] /fhb"tfjf;sf] l;kmfl/z kq .
(17) ;+:yfsf] ljwfg
(18) ;+:yfn] vftf vf]Ng lbPsf] clVtof/L / cfly{s sf/f]af/ ug{ lbPsf] clVtof/L
(19) ;DalGwt ;+:yfn] cfjZos 7fg]sf cGo ljj/0f tyf sfuhftx? .

-em_ ljb]zL JolQmsf] vftf

(1) k'/f gfd, y/
(2) /fli6otf
(3) ljb]zsf] 7]ufgf -:yfoL / c:yfoL_
(4) g]kfnsf] 7]ufgf
(5) kl/jf/sf ;b:ox?sf] ljj/0f
(6) s= clgjfo{ ljj/0fM afa'cfdfjf jfj' jf cfdfsf] k'/f gfd, y/
(7) v= yk ;b:ox?sf] ljj/0f M kltklTg, afh]sf] k'/f gfd, y/
(8) /fxbfgLle;fM
(9) /fxbfgL g+==========hf/L ug]{ b]z==========hf/L u/]sf] :yfg ========= hf/L ldlt===============clGtd ldlt
==========================le;fsf] cjlw gfg] ldlt==============
(10) Dofb ggf3]sf] le;fsf] k|dfl0ft 5lalrq
(11) /fxbfgLsf] k|ltlnkL
(12) sd{rf/L eP sfo{/t ;+:yfsf] gfd, 7]ufgf, ;Dks{ g+= / l;kmfl/z kq
(13) /fxbfgL gePsf ef/tLo gful/ssf] xsdf ef/tLo sfg"g adf]lhd gful/s xf] egL lnPsf]
k|df0fkqsf] gDa/, ldlt, hf/L ug]{ lgsfo / :yfg . ;DalGwt ;+:yfn] cfjZos 7fg]df ef/tLo

340
 /fhb'tfjf;sf] kq ;d]t dfu ug{ ;Sg]5 .
(14) z/0ffyL{sf] xsdf ;DalGwt ;/sf/L jf cGt/f{li6o lgsfon] lbPsf] kl/rokq gDa/, hf/L / ;dflKt
ldlt / hf/L ePsf] :yfg .
(15) ;DalGwt ;+:yfn] cfjZos 7fg]sf cGo ljj/0f tyf sfuhftx? .

-`_ ljb]zL sDkgLsf] vftf

(1) sDkgLsf] gfd
(2) ljb]zL sDkgLsf] ljb]zdf /x]sf] /lhi6{8{ sfof{nosf] k'/f 7]ufgf -b]z, k|fGt/fHo, zx/, dfu{, 3/
g+=, 6]lnkmf]g g+=, km\ofS; g+=, Od]n, j]j;fO6 cflb_
(3) ljb]zL sDkgLsf] ljb]zdf /x]sf] Jofj;flos sfof{nosf] 7]ufgf -b]z, k|fGt/fHo, zx/, dfu{, 3/ g+=,
6]lnkmf]g g+=, km\ofS; g+=, Od]n, j]j;fO6 cflb_
(4) ljb]zL sDkgLsf] g]kfn l:yt sfof{nosf] k'/f 7]ufgf -lhNnf, g=kf=uf=kf=, j8f g+=, 6f]nufFp, 3/
gDa/, 6]lnkmf]g g+=, km\ofS; g+=, Od]n, j]j;fO6 cflb_
(5) g]kfn l:yt sfof{nosf] lsl;d -zfvf, ;Dks{, kl/of]hgf jf cGo s'g}_
(6) ljb]zdf btf{sf] k|df0fkq -btf{ g+=, btf{ ug]{ b]z, btf{ ug]{ sfof{no, btf{ ldlt_, cg'dltkq jf
Ohfhtkq / sf/f]af/ cg'dltkq jf gjLs/0fsf] k|df0fkq gDa/, hf/L ldlt, axfn /xg] cjlw /
hf/L ug]{ lgsfo
(7) g]kfndf btf{ ePsf] eP ;f] ;DaGwL ljj/0f tyf sfuhft -btf{ g+=, btf{ ug]{ sfof{no, btf{ ldlt,
cg'dltkq jf Ohfhtkq / sf/f]af/ cg'dltkq jf gjLs/0fsf] k|df0fkq gDa/, hf/L ldlt, axfn
/xg] cjlw / hf/L ug]{ lgsfo_
(8) sf/f]af/sf] lsl;d
(9) sfo{If]q
(10) zfvfsfof{no ;+Vof / d'Vod'Vo zfvfsfof{nox? /x]sf] :yfg
(11) jflif{s cg'dflgt sf/f]af/ /sd
(12) sDkgLsf] k|aGwkq, lgodfjnL
(13) j}b]lzs sDkgLn] vftf vf]Ng lbPsf] clVtof/L tyf sf/f]af/ ug{ lbPsf] clVtof/L
(14) j}b]lzs sDkgLsf] ;~rfns / sfo{sf/L k|d'vsf] JolQut ljj/0f -kb, gfd, y/, 7]ufgf, 6]lnkmf]g
g+=, df]jfOn g+=, Od]n 7]ufgf_
(15) g]kfnsf nflu lgo'Qm ul/Psf] k|ltlglw / vftf ;~rfnssf] JolQmut ljj/0f -kb, gfd, y/,
kltkTgL, afa', afh]sf] gfd, :yfoL 7]ufgf, xfnsf] 7]ufgf, 6]lnkmf]g g+=, df]jfOn g+=, Od]n 7]ufgf_
(16) j}b]lzs sDkgLsf] k|d'v b'O{ kbflwsf/L, g]kfnsf nflu lgo'Qm ul/Psf] k|ltlglw / vftf
;~rfnsx?sf] kf;kf]6{ ;fO{hsf] kmf]6f], gful/stf jf /fxbfgLsf] 5lalrq / tL JolQmx?sf] 7]ufgf
k'i6L x'g] sfuhft
(17) kl5Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] n]vfk/LIf0f ePsf] ljQLo ljj/0f
(18) kl5Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] s/ bflvnf ljj/0f
(19) ;DalGwt ;+:yfn] cfjZos 7fg]sf cGo ljj/0f tyf sfuhftx? .

-6_ s'6g}lts lgof]u/fhb"tfjf;sf] vftf

(1) lgof]u/fhb"tfjf;sf] kq
(2) vftf ;~rfng ;DaGwL clVtof/L
(3) vftf ;~rfnssf] gfd, y/, 7]ufgf, kmf]6f] tyf 7]ufgf k|dfl0ft x'g] sfuhft
(4) ;DalGwt ;+:yfn] cfjZos 7fg]sf cGo ljj/0f tyf sfuhftx? .

-7_ u}/cfjf;Lo g]kfnL gful/ssf] vftf

(1) k'/f gfd, y/,

341
 (2) /fli6otf, hGdldlt / ln
(3) ljb]z l:yt :yfoL / xfnsf] j;f]jf; jf sfo{/t lgsfosf] k'/f 7]ufgf / tTsfn ;Dks{ ug{ ;lsg]
dfWod
(4) g]kfnsf] k'/f 7]ufgf jf ;Dks{ :yfg
(5) cfdfafa' jf cfdf jf afa'dWo] s'g} Ps / afh]sf] k'/f gfd
(6) Psn dlxnf jf Psn k'?if jfx]ssf ljjflxtsf] xsdf >Ldfg\>LdtLsf] k'/f gfd
(7) cfo ;|f]t v'Ng] sfuhftx?
(8) g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;DalGwt lgsfoaf6 hf/L u}/cfjf;Lo g]kfnL kl/ro kqsf] 5lalrq
(9) /fxbfgLsf] k|dfl0ft 5lalrq
(10) ;DalGwt ;+:yfn] cfjZos 7fg]sf cGo ljj/0f tyf sfuhftx? .

gf]6 M cfly{s jif{ ;dfKt eO{ n]vf k/LIf0f ;DkGg u/fpg] tyf s/ bflvnf ljj/0f k]z ug]{ ;DaGwdf sfg"gn]
lglb{i6 u/]sf]] ;dofjlwleq s'g} ;+:yfsf] vftf vf]Ng' k/]df ;f] cfly{s jif{sf] eGbf cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf]
n]vfk/LIf0f ePsf] ljQLo ljj/0f tyf s/ bflvnf ljj/0f lnO{ vftf vf]Ng ;lsg] 5 .

342
 cg';"rL !(=@

Threshold Transaction Report (TTR)

Name and address of

Account
S. the person holding Date of Nature of Amount Source
Branch Type and Remarks
N. account (including Transaction Transaction Involved of Fund
No.
legal)

Name:

Signature :
(Compliance Officer or Authorized Officer)
Name :
Designation :
Phone :
Email :
Fax :
Date :

343
 cg';"rL !(=#

Suspicious Transaction Report (STR)

A. Reporting Institution :
1. Name of the Institution/Branch:

B. Details of Customer :
1. a. Name of the Main account holder/s/customer: a.
b. Related Party/ies: b.

2 a. Permanent Address: a.
b. Present Address: b.

3. Profession (As per KYC):

4. Nationality:

5. Other account(s) number (if any):

6. Other business (if nay):

7. a. Citizen No./PP No./ other ID a.

No./Regd.No.
b. Issue Date and Place b.
c. Issuing Agency/Authority c.

8. a. Father' Name a.
b. Mothers Name b.
c. Spouse Name c.
d. Grand Father d.
e. Chairman/MD/Proprietor

9. Date of birth (Natural Person)/

Date of establishment(Legal Person):

C. Details of Customer :
1. Account Number

2 Nature of the account

-Current/savings/loan/other, pls. specify)
3. Nature of Ownership: (Individual/proprietorship
/Partnership/company/other, pls. specify)

4. Names of Prop./Directors/ Partners etc.

344
5. Date of A/C opening

6 Other account(s) number (Related Parties): 1.

2.
3.

D. Transaction

a. Transaction Details (Accountwise)

Account No. Year Total Total Dr. Total Trans. Total Cr. Closing Balance
Trans. No. Amount No. Amount

Total upto now

Please fill the transaction from opening to present date, Total of Dr. & Cr. (No. & Amount)
exclude returned cheques/reverse entries/any other correcting items.

b. Details of Top 10 deposites (Last One Year)

S.No. Date Cheque/Voucher No. Depositor Amount Remarks

c. Details of Top 10 withdrawals (Last One Year)

S.No. Date Cheque/Voucher No. Payee Amount Remarks

d. Details of Loan and any other business and tranasactions with BFI

e. Person and Transaction Tree or Map

D. Reasons for considering the transaction(s) as unusual/suspicious?

Summary of suspicious activities
Analysis or Examination
Possible Linkage

E. Suspicious Activity Information/Typology:

Summarize characterization of suspicious activity/please specify the typologies (As per Act and
FAFG Guideline):

a. Corruption/Gratuity e. False statement h. Structuring

b. Cheque fraud f. debit/credit or other i. Mysterious

card fraud Disappearance/behavior

c. Tax evasion g. Identity Theft j. Counterfeit instrument

d. Loan fraud h. Terrorist Financing k. Misuse of Position or Self

345
Others (Please Specify): ..

F. Has the Bank/FI taken any action in this context? Give details.

Signature (Compliance Officer or Authorized Officer) :

Name :
Designation: Date:
Phone : Email: Fax:

346
 g]kfn /fi6 a}+s
s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu

O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= @))&$

;xfos sDkgL ;DaGwL Joj:yf .

o; a}+saf6 s, v / u ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] ;xfos sDkgL vf]Ng] ;DaGwdf g]kfn

/fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf &( n] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L b]xfosf] lgb]{zg hf/L ul/Psf] 5 .
!= 3 ju{sf] n3'ljQ ;xfos sDkgL ;DaGwL Joj:yf
!= Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfgf] :jfldTjdf Pp6f 5'} 3 ju{sf] n3'ljQ ljQLo ;+:yf vf]nL ;f]
;xfos sDkgL (Subsidiary Company) dfk{mt\ ljkGg ju{df shf{ k|jfx ug{ rfx]df b]xfosf
gLltut tyf k|lqmofut Joj:yfx?sf] clwgdf /xL ug{ ;Sg] 5g\ .
!=!= ;xfos sDkgLsf ?kdf :yflkt eO{ n3'ljQ sf/f]af/ ug]{ 3 ju{sf] ljQLo ;+:yfsf] xsdf
Psf3/ kl/jf/, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;l7t ;+:yf jf Ps} ;d'xsf sDkgLsf] ;]o/ nufgLsf]
clwstd xb r'Qmf k'FhLsf] @% k|ltztdf 5'6 lbOg] gLlt cg'?k Ohfhtkqk|fKt s jf v
jf u ju{sf ;+:yfsf] ;xfos sDkgL -3 ju{sf] n3'ljQ ;+:yf_ df ;+:yfks ;]o/
:jfldTj r'Qmf k'FhLsf] Go'gtd %! k|ltzt tyf clwstd &) k|ltzt;Dd /xg ;Sg]5 .
!=@= d'Vo sDkgLn] cfgf] ljQLo ljj/0f k]z ubf{ ;xfos sDkgLsf] ljQLo ljj/0fx? klg PsLs[t
(Consolidated) ?kdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . ;f] k|of]hgfy{ n]vf gLlt / ljQLo ljj/0f O=k|f=lgb]{zg
g+=$ sf] ;DalGwt yk cg';"rLdf tf]lsP adf]lhd k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . ;fy}, ;xfos sDkgLsf]
n]vf gLlt, ;'rgf k|ljlw tyf cGo gLltk|0ffnLx? (Policies, Procedures and Systems)
d'Vo sDkgL;Fu ;fd~h:otf sfod x'g] u/L Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 .
!=#= Ohfhtkqk|fKt s, v / u ju{sf ;+:yfn] cfgf] tyf ;xfos sDkgLsf] k'FhL kof{Kttf
;DaGwL u0fgf 5'f5'} ?kdf / PsLs[t -Consolidated_ ?kdf ug'{ kg]{5 . PsLs[t-
Consolidated_ ?kdf u0fgf ul/g] k'FhLsf]if ;DalGwt ju{sf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ tf]s] adf]lhdsf]
dfkb08 Pjd\ lgb]{zg k'/f ug'{ kg]{5 .
!=$= d'Vo tyf ;xfos sDkgLaLr x'g] sf/f]af/ k|lt:kwf{Tds ahf/ d'No (Arm's Length
Transaction) df cfwfl/t x'g' kg]{5 . d'Vo tyf ;xfos sDkgLaLr x'g] sf/f]af/df kf/blz{tf
sfod /fVg oL sDkgLx?aLr x'g] sf/f]af/df ljQLo :jfy{ /xg] x'Fbf To:tf] sf/f]af/ (Related
Party Transactions) nfO{ b'j} sDkgLn] ;DalGwt kIfaLr x'g] sf/f]af/ (Related Party
Transactions) zLif{s cGt{ut v'nfpg' -Disclose_ kg]{5 .
!=%= To:tf sf/f]af/ eP kl5 lgoldt?kdf k|sflzt ug'{ kg]{ ljQLo ljj/0fdf ;f] sf/f]af/af/]
lj:t[t hfgsf/L k|bfg ug'{ kg]{5 . k|lt:kwf{Tds ahf/ d"Nodf sf/f]af/ gu/]df /jf To:tf
sf/f]af/af/] lj:t[t ljj/0f lgb]{zgfg';f/ k|sflzt gu/]df g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* sf]
kl/R5]b !! adf]lhd hl/jfgf;hfoF x'g]5 .
!=^= zfvfsfof{no :yfkgf tyf ;~rfngsf ;DaGwdf o; a}+saf6 hf/L lgb]{zg g+= !$ adf]lhd
s, v / u ju{sf ljQLo ;+:yfn] ug'{ kg]{ b]xfosf Joj:yfx? ;xfos sDkgL :yfkgf
ug]{ k|of]hgfy{ klg nfu" x'g]5 .
-s_ o; a}+ssf] gLltut Joj:yf tyf lgb]{zgn] tf]s]sf] Go'gtd r'Qmf k'FhL k'/f u/]sf] .
-v_ 7Ls cl3Nnf] dlxgfsf] ljQLo ljj/0fdf o; a}+sn] tf]s]sf] k'FhLsf]if k'/f u/]sf] .
-u_ 7Ls cl3Nnf] qodf;df lgliqmo shf{ % k|ltzteGbf a9L gePsf] .

347
 @= n3'ljQ sf/f]af/ ug]{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt 3 ju{sf] ljQLo ;+:yf -;xfos sDkgL_ n] ljBdfg Joj:yf
adf]lhd sDtLdf #) k|ltzt ;]o/ ;j{;fwf/0fsf] nflu laqmL ug'{ kg]{5 .
#= n3'ljQ sf/f]af/ ug]{ ;xfos sDkgL 3 ju{sf] ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ?kdf /xg] x'gfn] Ohfhtkqk|fKt
s, v / u ju{sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] 3 ju{sf] ljQLo ;+:yf -;xfos sDkgL_ df
u/]sf] ;+:yfks ;]o/ nufgL tyf shf{ k|jfxnfO{ o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zg adf]lhd ljkGg ju{ shf{
cGtu{t u0fgf ul/g] 5 .
$= Ohfhtkqk|fKt o:tf] 3 ju{sf] ljQLo ;+:yfdf u/]sf] ;]o/ nufgL /sdnfO{ k|fylds k'FhLaf6
36fO{ k'FhLsf]if sfod ug'{ kg]{] ljBdfg k|fjwfgnfO{ ljkGg ju{df x'g] nufgLnfO{ k|f]T;flxt ug{ o;
k|of]hgfy{ 5'6 lbOg] 5 . ;fy}, ;xfos sDkgLsf ?kdf :yflkt eO{ n3'ljQ sf/f]af/ ug]{ 3 ju{sf]
ljQLo ;+:yfdf nufgL eO{ ljQLo :jfy{ :yflkt ePsf] v08df ;d]t ljQLo :jfy{ ePsf] ;+ul7t
;+:yfx?df ul/Psf] ;]o/ nufgL /sdnfO{ k|fylds k'FhLaf6 36fpg' kg]{ ljBdfg k|fjwfgnfO{ klg
5'6 lbOg] 5 .
%= n3'ljQ sf/f]af/ ug]{ 3 ju{sf] ljQLo ;+:yfsf] xsdf Psf3/ kl/jf/, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;l7t
;+:yf jf Ps} ;d'xsf sDkgLsf] ;]o/ nufgLsf] clwstd xb r'Qmf k'FhLsf] @% k|ltzt;Dd x'g;Sg]
ljBdfg Joj:yf /x]sf]df o;/L ;xfos sDkgL :yfkgf ug{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt -s, v / u
ju{sf_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfaf6 cg'/f]w eO{ cfPdf To:tf] ;]o/ nufgLsf] ;Ldfdf 5'6 lbO{g] 5 .
^= 3 ju{sf] n3'ljQ sf/f]af/ ug{ Ohfhtkqsf] nflu k|:tfljt o:tf] ;xfos sDkgL o; a}+saf6
Ohfhtkqk|fKt 3 ju{sf] 5'6\6} ljQLo ;+:yf -Separate Entity_ sf] ?kdf /xg] x'gfn] To:tf] ljQLo
;+:yfsf] lgodg, lg/LIf0f, ;'kl/j]If0f / cGo Joj:yfx? a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)&#
tyf ljBdfg cGo Joj:yf cg'?k g} x'g]5 .
&= ljQLo ;]jfsf] kx'Fr sd /x]sf dgf, x'Dnf, 8f]Nkf, sflnsf]6, d'u', hfh/sf]6, aemf, afh'/f / bfr'{nf
u/L ( lhNnfdf k|wfg sfof{no /fvL pko{'Qm lhNnf ;lxt cGo lhNnfx?df ;d]t ljQLo sf/f]af/
;~rfng ug]{ u/L afx]s 3 ju{sf] ;xfos sDkgL vf]Ng Ohfhtkq lbg] sfo{ :ylut ul/Psf] 5 .
@= dr]{G6 a}+ls ;DaGwL sfo{ ug{] ;xfos sDkgL :yfkgf ;DaGwL Joj:yf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt s, v / u ju{sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] cfgf] :jk'FhL -Equity) nufgL u/]/ 5'}
;xfos sDkgL dfkm{t g]kfn lwtf]kq af]8{af6 cg'dlt lnO{ nufgL ;DaGwL ljBdfg gLltut Joj:yf tyf
cGo k|rlnt sfg'gL Joj:yfsf] clwgdf /xL dr]{G6 a}+ls ;DaGwL sfo{ ug{ sDtLdf %! k|ltzt :jfldTj
x'g] ;xfos sDkgL (Subsidiary Company) df nufgL u/L ;~rfng ug{ ;Sg] Joj:yfsf ;DaGwdf b]xfo
adf]lhdsf] gLltut Joj:yf sfod ul/Psf] 5 .
-!_ dr]{06 a}ls ;DaGwL sfo{ ug]{ 5'} ;xfos sDkgLdf nufgL ubf{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt s, v / u
ju{sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ljQLo :jfy{ :yflkt x'g] ePsf]n] pQm ;xfos sDkgLdf ul/Psf] s'n
nufgL /sdnfO{ k'FhLsf]if u0fgf ubf{ k|fylds k'FhLaf6 36fO{ k'FhLsf]if sfod ug'{ kg]{]5 .
-@_ O=k|f= lgb]{zg g+= * df ePsf cGo Joj:yfnfO{ oyfjt sfod /fvL] o;}u/L Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn]
;+ul7t ;+:yfx?sf] ;]o/ tyf l8a]~r/df nufgL ubf{ nufgL x'g] ;+:yfsf] r'Qmf k'FhLsf] !) k|ltztdf
ggfg] u/L dfq nufgL ug'{ kg]{5 . eGg] Joj:yf o; k|of]hgsf nflu 5'6 k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 .
-#_ ;xfos sDkgLsf] lgodg, lg/LIf0f, ;'kl/j]If0f / cGo Joj:yfx? g]kfn lwtf]kq af]8{n] to u/]sf]
gLlt lgb]{zg tyf ljBdfg cGo Joj:yf cg'?k x'g]5 . o; Joj:yfaf6 pQm ;xfos sDkgLdf g]kfn
/fi6 a}+ssf] tkm{af6 cfjZostf cg';f/ lg/LIf0f;'kl/j]If0f ug{ afwf k'u]sf] dflgg] 5}g .
-$_ o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt d'Vo sDkgLn] cfgf] ljQLo ljj/0f k]z ubf{ ;xfos sDkgLsf] ljQLo
ljj/0fx? ;d]t PsLs[t?kdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . ;f] k|of]hgfy{ n]vf gLlt / ljQLo ljj/0f O=k|f=lgb]{zg
g+=$ sf] ;DalGwt yk cg';"rLdf tf]lsP adf]lhd k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . ;fy}, ;xfos sDkgLsf] n]vf gLlt,
;'rgf k|ljlw tyf cGo gLltk|0ffnLx? -Policies, Procedures and Systems) d'Vo sDkgL;Fu
;fd~h:otf sfod x'g] u/L Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 .
-%_ d'Vo tyf ;xfos sDkgLaLr x'g] sf/f]af/df kf/blz{tf sfod /fVg oL sDkgLx?aLr x'g] sf/f]af/df
ljQLo :jfy{ /xg] x'Fbf To:tf] sf/f]af/ -Related Party Transactions_ nfO{ b'j} sDkgLn] ;DalGwt
kIfaLr x'g] sf/f]af/ -Related Party Transactions_ zLif{s cGt{ut v'nfpg' -Disclose_ kg]{5 .

348
 -^_ To:tf] sf/f]af/ ePkl5 lgoldt?kdf k|sflzt ug'{ kg]{ ljQLo ljj/0fdf ;f] sf/f]af/af/] lj:t[t
hfgsf/L k|bfg ug'{ kg]{5 . k|lt:kwf{Tds ahf/ d"Nodf sf/f]af/ gu/]df /jf To:tf] sf/f]af/ af/]
lj:t[t ljj/0f lgb]{zgfg';f/ k|sflzt gu/]df g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] kl/R5]b !! adf]lhd
h'g;'s} hl/jfgf;hfoF x'g ;Sg]5 .
-&_ ;xfos sDkgLn] b]xfosf sfo{ ug{ ;Sg] 5}gg\ M
-s_ lwtf]kq bnfnL ;DaGwL Joj;fo,
-v_ ;DalGwt ;xfos sDkgL cfkm"n] hf/L u/]sf] jf d'Vo sDkgLn] hf/L u/]sf] lwtf]kqsf] Jofkf/ .
-*_ ;xfos sDkgLn] ljQLo ;|f]t ;+sng ug]{ k|of]hgn] bfloTj:j?k lgisfzg ug]{ s'g} klg
;'/If0fkqx?df d'Vo sDkgL -Parent Company_ n] nufgL ug{ gkfpg] / ;f] ;'/If0fkqsf] lwtf]df
shf{ k|jfx ;d]t ug{ kfpg] 5}g .
-(_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ;~rfngdf /x]sf] dr]{G6 a}+ls ;DaGwL sfo{ ug]{ s'g} sDkgLsf] ;]o/df
nufgLvl/b u/L ;xfos sDkgL agfpg] ;DaGwdf b]xfosf yk Joj:yfx? ul/Psf] 5M
-s_ ;~rfngdf /x]sf] dr]{G6 a}+ls ;DaGwL sfo{ ug]{ s'g} sDkgLsf] ;]o/df nufgLvl/b u/L
;xfos sDkgL agfpg o; a}s + sf] :jLs[lt lng' kg]{5 .
-v_ o; a}+ssf] :jLs[ltsf] nflu lgj]bg lbFbf b]xfosf] sfuhft ;lxt k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-c_ ;xfos sDkgL aGg]agfpg] ;DaGwdf ePsf] b'a} ;+:yfsf] lg0f{o,
-cf_ s'g} ;dembf/Lkq -Pd=cf]=o"_ eP To:tf] ;dembf/Lkq,
-O_ k|:tfljt ;xfos sDkgLsf] rn crn ;DklQ tyf bfloTjsf] kl5Nnf] oyfy{ ljj/0fsf] d"Nofg
k|ltj]bg,
-O{_ nufgL /sd lgwf{/0f ;DaGwL cfwf/ tyf ;f] ;DaGwL lg0f{osf] k|ltlnkL, /
-p_ kl5Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] n]vfk/LIf0f ePsf] jf;nft, gfkmfgf]S;fg lx;fj, gub k|jfx ljj/0f
nufotsf ljQLo ljj/0f .
#= vf/]hL / jrfpm
-!_ o; a}+saf6 o;cl3 hf/L ul/Psf b]xfosf lgb]{zgx? vf/]h ul/Psf]5 M
PsLs[t lgb]{zg, @)&# sf]] ;xfos sDkgL ;DaGwL Joj:yf O=k|f= lgb]{zg g+= @))&# af6 hf/L
ul/Psf] lgb]{zg tyf ;f] kZrft ldlt @)&$ ;fpg ( ut] ;Dd hf/L ePsf o;} ljifo;Fu
;DalGwt ;Dk"0f{ kl/kqx? .
-@_ pka'Fbf -!_ adf]lhd vf/]h ul/Psf lgb]{zg tyf kl/kq adf]lhd eP u/]sf sfd sf/jfxL o;}
lgb]{zg adf]lhd eP u/]sf] dflgg]5 .

349
 g]kfn /fi6 a}+s
s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu

O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= @!)&$

On]S^f]lgs dfWodaf^ x"g] a}ls -O{a}ls_ ;]jf ;DaGwdf .

o; a}+saf6 s, v / u ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] b]xfosf] Joj:yf kfngf u/L On]S6f]lgs

dfWodaf6 x'g] a}+ls -O{a}ls_ ;]jfx? k|bfg ug{u/fpg x'g g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf &( n] lbPsf]
clwsf/ k|of]u u/L of] lgb]{zg hf/L ul/Psf]5 .
!= zfvf/lxt a}+ls+ ;]jf -Branchless Banking_ ;DaGwdf
-!_ o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] o; a}+ssf] :jLs[lt lnO{ cfkmgf] ;+:yfdf
vftf ePsf u|fxsx?nfO{ cfk"m jf cfk"mf/f lgo'Qm Jofj;flos cflwsfl/s k|ltlglw-Ph]G6_sf]
;xfotfn] Point of Transaction d]zLgsf] dfWodaf6 Smart Card/Magnetic Card k|of]u u/L b]xfo
adf]lhdsf zfvf/lxt a}ls ;]jfx? k|bfg ug{ ;Sg] 5g\M
-s_ vftfdf gub hDdf ug]{, e'QmfgL k|bfg ug]{ / /sdfGt/ ug{] .
-v_ u|fxssf] vftfsf] df}Hbft jf sf/f]af/ ljj/0f -:6]6d]06_ k|bfg ug{] .
-u_ :jLs[t shf{ /sd e'QmfgL lbg] tyf ls:tf /sd hDdf ug]{ .
-@_ zfvf/lxt a}ls ;]jf ;~rfng ug]{ ePdf ;~rfns ;ldltaf6 ;f] ;DaGwL gLltut Joj:yf kfl/t
u/L k|lqmofut Joj:yf ;d]t u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 .
-#_ zfvf/lxt a}ls ;]jf ;~rfng ug]{ :jLs[ltsf] nflu o; a}+s ;dIf cfj]bg ubf{ ;~rfns
;ldltsf] lg0f{o ;lxt b]xfosf sfuhftx? ;+nUg u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5M
-s_ k|fljlws k"jf{wf/ -Hardware, Software, Data Communication/Transmission Mechanism)
;DaGwL ljj/0f,
-v_ k|ltlglwdfkm{t ;~rfng ug]{ ePdf To:tf] k|ltlglw 5gf}6sf cfwf/x?, 5gf}6 ul/Psf]
k|ltlglw;Fu x'g] ;Demf}tfkq tyf pQm k|ltlglwnfO{ lbOg] tflnd cflb ;DaGwL ePsf] Joj:yf,
-u_ zfvf/lxt a}ls ;]jf ;~rfng ug]{ :yfgsf] ;'/Iff / gubsf] aLdf ;DaGwdf ePsf
Joj:yfx?,
-3_ ljBdfg ;+rf/ ;fwg (PSTN, Cellular Communications) sf Industry Standard Security
Features,
-_ zfvf/lxt a}ls ;]jf ;~rfngsf] sfo{If]q / ;DalGwt zfvfx?sf] ljj/0f,
-r_ e'QmfgL ;DaGwL pTkGg ljjfb ;dfwfg ug]{ ;DaGwL k|fjwfg, lhDd]jf/L tyf Ifltk"lt{ ;DaGwL
Joj:yfx?, /
-5_ ;DklQ z'4Ls/0f tyf cft+ssf/L ultljlwdf ljQLo nufgL lgoGq0fsf] nflu ckgfOg]
Joj:yfx? .
-$_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] cfk"m jf cfk"mf/f lgo'Qm Jofj;flos cflwsfl/s k|ltlglw-Ph]G6_ dfkm{t
;d]t zfvf/lxt a}+ls ;]jf ;~rfng ug{ ;Sg] 5g\ . Ph]G6dfkm{t To:tf] ;]jf ;~rfng ug]{ ePdf
k|ltlglw 5gf}6sf] nflu k|ltlglwsf] ;Ifdtf k/LIf0f u/L lkIfaLr a'Fbf g+= & sf] clwgdf /xL
;Demf}tf ePsf] x'g' kg]{ 5 .
-%_ Zffvf/lxt a}+ls ;]jf ;~rfngsf] :jLs[lt k|bfg ubf{ b]xfosf zt{x? tf]Sg ;lsg] 5M

350
 -s_ zfvf/lxt a}ls ;]jf ;~rfngsf] :jLs[lt k|fKt u/]sf ldltn] ^ dlxgfleq tf]lsP adf]lhdsf]
;]jf ;~rfng ul/;Sg' kg]{5 . o:tf] sf/f]af/ ;~rfng u/]kl5 ;f]sf] hfgsf/L o; ljefu /
;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefunfO{ lbg' kg]{5 . sy+sbflrt tf]lsPsf] ;dofjlwleq To:tf] ;]jf
;~rfng ug{ g;s]df o; a}+saf6 k|bfg ul/Psf] :jLs[lt :jtM /2 ePsf] dflgg] 5 .
-v_ dxfgu/kflnsfpkdxfgu/kflnsf afx]ssf If]qx?df dfq o:tf] ;]jf ;~rfng ug{ :jLs[lt
lbOg]5 .
-u_ zfvf/lxt a}ls ;]jf pkef]u ug{ OR5's u|fxs;Fu a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] lnlvt cfj]bg
lng' kg]{5 .
-3_ u|fxsn] u/]sf] k|To]s sf/f]af/sf] c;/ oyflz3| u|fxssf] vftfdf b]lvg] u/L clen]v ;'/lIft
u/L /fVg] / sf/f]af/sf] uf]Kotf sfod x'g] Joj:yf ug{' kg{]5 .
-_ zfvf/lxt a}+ls ;]jf ;DaGwL sf/f]af/ g]kfnL ?k}ofdf dfq ug'{ kg]{5 .
-r_ u|fxsnfO{ :ki6 / ;/n g]kfnL efiffdf ;]jf ;DaGwL cfjZos hfgsf/L k|bfg ug]{ Joj:yf
ug'{ kg{]5 .
-5_ sf/f]af/ ;DkGg u/]kl5 u|fxsn] :ki6 a'g] u/L ;f] sf] hfgsf/L k|bfg ug{] Joj:yf ldnfpg'
kg{]5 .
-h_ o:tf] sf/f]af/ ;DaGwL hf]lvdsf] Joj:yfkg ug]{ bfloTj ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf]
x'g]5 .
-em_ k|rlnt sfg'g, ;DklQ z'4Ls/0f tyf cft+sjfbL sfo{df ljQLo nufgL lgjf/0f tyf o;
a}+saf6 hf/L lgb]{zgsf] clwgdf /xL zfvf/lxt a}ls ;]jf ;~rfng ug'{ kg]{5 .
-^_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] zfvf/lxt a}ls ;]jf k|bfg ug'{k'j{ cfgf u|fxs;Fu a'Fbf g+= ^ sf] clwgdf
/xL ;Demf}tf ug'{ kg]{5 .
-&_ dfly h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtf klg /fli6o:t/b]lv afx]ssf v / u ju{sf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{
zfvf/lxt a}ls ;]jf ;~rfngsf] :jLs[lt k|bfg ubf{ a}+sn] cGo zt{x? ;d]t yk ug{ ;Sg] 5 .
@= a}+sljQLo ;+:yf / u|fxs aLrsf] ;Demf}tf
o; lgb]{zgdf plNnlvt On]S6f]lgs a}+ls sf/f]af/ ug{] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] sDtLdf b]xfosf laifox?
:ki6 u/L u|fxs;Fu lnlvt ;Demf}tf ug'{ kg]{5 . u|fxsn] k]z u/]sf] cfj]bg kmf/fddf pNn]v ePsf] zt{
tyf aGb]hnfO{ ;d]t u|fxs;Fu ;Demf}tf u/] ;/x dfGg ;lsg]5 .
-s_ ;Demf}tf ;lhn} a'lemg] u/L :ki6 / bf]xf]/f] cy{ gnfUg] u/L g]kfnL efiffdf n]lvPsf] x'g' kg{]5 . s'g}
u|fxsn] o:tf] ;Demf}tf c+u|]hL efiffdf ug{ rfx]df ;f] ug{ o; Joj:yfn] afwf k'ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
-v_ On]S6f]lgs a}ls ;]jf k|bfos a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf / ;]jf k|bfg ug{] clVtof/ k|fKt clestf{ aLr
tyf ;]jf k|bfos / u|fxs aLrsf] sf/f]af/ jfkt nfUg] z'Ns ;DaGwL hfgsf/L u/fpg' kg]{5 .
-u_ u|fxsnfO{ s] slt ;do oL ;]jfx? pknAw x'g ;S5g\ eGg] Joxf]/fsf] ;fy} s'g} kl/l:yltj; ;]jf
k|bfg ug{ g;lsg] cj:yfdf ;f]sf] hfgsf/L k|bfg ug'{ kg{]5 .
-3_ s'g} klg sf/0fn] a}+sn] k|bfg u/]sf] ;]jfdf ;]jf k|bfos jf a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] sdLsdhf]/L jf
uNtLsf sf/0f u|fxsnfO{ x'g] gf]S;fgL / ;]jf pkof]ustf{af6 ePsf sdLsdhf]/Laf6 ;]jf
k|bfosnfO{ x'g hfg] gf]S;fgLsf] Ifltk"lt{ ;DaGwdf :ki6 pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .
-_ u|fxsn] ug{] sf/f]af/df lglxt hf]lvdnfO{ sd ug{ cfjZos pkfox? h:t}M j]j;fO{6sf] k|of]u,
POS/POT d]zLg, cfO{ l8, kf;j8{, kf;j8{ kl/jt{g nufotsf laz]iftf / ;'/Iffsf nflu cjnDag
ug'{ kg{] laz]if Joj:yfx? pNn]v x'g' kg]{5 .
-r_ u|fxssf] sf/f]af/ ;DaGwL uf]klgotf / a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfleq ;fj{hlgs ug{ ;lsg] hfgsf/Lx?
pNn]v x'g' kg]{5 .
-5_ u|fxs;Fu ul/Psf] sf/f]af/sf] hfgsf/L jf ;'rgf k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd afx]s cGo t];|f] kIfnfO{
;fj{hlgs gul/g] k|lta4tf JoQm ePsf] x'g' kg]{5 .

351
 -h _ u|fxsaf6 ;]jf ;DaGwdf cfPsf u'gf;f tyf ;d:ofx?nfO{ ;dfwfg ug{] k|lqmof / ;DalGwt
clwsf/Lsf] Joj:yf x'g' kg]{5 .
-em_ nfdf] ;do;Dd ;]jf glnPsf u|fxsx?sf] ;]jf lgliqmo x'g] jf gx'g] ;DaGwdf pNn]v x'g' kg]{5 .
-`_ u|fxsn] ;fj{hlgs sDKo'6/ jf cGt/fli6o g]6js{ k|of]u u/L sf/f]af/ ubf{ pTkGg x'g] hf]lvd
;DaGwL s'/f :ki6 ?kdf pNn]v x'g' kg]{5 .
-6_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf jf u|fxssf] tkm{af6 s'g} klg zt{ jf ;Demf}tfsf] pNn+3g x'g uPdf axg
ug'{ kg{] bfloTj jf sf/afxL ;DaGwL Joj:yf :ki6 ?kdf pNn]v x'g' kg]{5 .
-7_ cGo cfjZos s'/fx? .
#= cflwsfl/s Jofj;flos k|ltlglw;Fusf] ;Demf}tf ;DaGwdf
o; lgb]{zgdf plNnlvt On]S6f]lgs a}ls ;]jf cfk"mf/f lgo'Qm cflwsfl/s Jofj;flos k|ltlglwdfkm{t
;~rfng ug{] k|of]hgsf] nflu ul/g] lkIfLo ;Demf}tfdf cGo ljifox?sf cltl/Qm b]xfosf ljifox?df
:ki6 pNn]v x'g' kg]{5M
-s_ ;]jf k|bfos a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf, cflwsfl/s Jofj;flos k|ltlglw / u|fxssf] If]qflwsf/, sfd,
st{Ao / pQ/bfloTj, cGo a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] k|ltlglw x'g kfpg]gkfpg] ljifo, u|fxsaf6
k|fKt z'Ns tyf cfosf] afF8kmfF8 .
-v_ a}s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] cfkm" / Ph]06aLr s'g} klg cj/f]w ;[hgf eO{ clws hf]lvd pTkGg x'g]
cj:yfaf6 ;t{s /xg tof/ ul/Psf] cfsl:ds of]hgf .
-u_ u'gf;f] ;'g'jfO{, ljjfb ;dfwfg / e'QmfgL ;DaGwL ;d:of ;dfwfgsf] clGtd lhDd]jf/L .
-3_ sf/f]af/nfO{ ;'/lIft / e/kbf]{ agfpg] ljifo h:t} ;6j]o/, j]j;fO{6sf] ;'/Iff, u|fxssf] cfOl8 /
kf;j8{ tyf ;f]sf] kl/jt{g cflb .
-_ lgodgsf/L lgsfo jf tf]lsPsf] clwsf/Laf6 ul/g] lg/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0f cGtu{t cfjZos
tYof+s ljj/0f, ;'rgf tyf sfuhft pknAw u/fpg] ljifo .
-r_ ;Demf}tfsf] cjlw, ;Demf}tf gjLs/0f tyf ;Demf}tf ;+zf]wgsf Joj:yf .
$= k|ltlglw 5gf}6 ;DaGwL Joj:yf
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] o; lgb]{zgdf pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf sfo{x? cfk"mf/f lgo'Qm k|ltlglw dfkm{t
u/fpg] ePdf To:tf] k|ltlglw 5gf}6 ubf{ b]xfo adf]lhd ;Ifdtf k/LIf0f ug'{ kg{]5M
-s_ On]S6f]lgs a}ls sf/f]af/ ;DaGwL ;]jf ;~rfng ubf{ pTkGg x'g ;Sg] laleGg k|sf/sf hf]lvdnfO{
k"0f{ Joj:yfkg ug{ ;Ifd k|ltlglwsf] klxrfg ug{] ;+oGqsf] lasf; ug'{ kg{]5 . ;+efljt hf]lvdnfO{
sd ug{sf nflu k|efjsf/L / k|df0fof]Uo k|lqmof ;+:yf cfkm}n] canDag ug'{ kg{] 5 .
-v_ s'g} klg gofF k|ltlglw rog ug'{ cl3 Go'gtd cfwf/e"t dfkb08 tyf rog k|lqmof to ug'{ kg]{5 .
-u_ k|ltlglwsf] k|efjsf/L Joj:yfkgsf nflu ;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yf4f/f lglZrt ;dosf]
cGt/fndf k|ltlglwsf] sfo{;Dkfbgsf] k/LIf0f ug{] Joj:yf ug'{ kg{] 5 . o;sf nflu clu|d ?kdf
r]tfjgLsf] k'j{;+s]t (Early Warning Signal) to u/L ;'wf/sf pkfox? cjnDag ug'{ kg{] 5 .
%= t];|f] kIf ;]jf k|bfossf] k|of]u
On]S6f]lgs a}ls sf/f]af/sf nflu cfjZos k|flalws ;]jf pkof]u ug{ o:tf] ;]jf k|bfg ug]{ t]:f|f] kIf;Fu
cnu} ;Demf}tf ug'{ kg{] 5 . o:tf] ;]jf k|bfg ug]{ l;nl;nfdf Operator nufot o; a}+sn]
Ohfhtkqcg'dltdq glbPsf cGo kIfx?sf] ;d]t o; a}+sn] lg/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0f ug{ ;Sg] Joj:yf
To:tf] ;Demf}tfdf v'nfpg' kg]{5 . t];|f] kIf rog ug'{ cl3 Go'gtd cfwf/e"t dfkb08 tyf rog k|lqmof
to ug'{ kg]{5 . k|fljlws ;]jf k|bfos;Fu ;Demf}tf ubf{ k|ljlwdf cfPsf] ;d:ofaf6 a}+sljQLo ;+:yf tyf
u|fxsnfO{ k'Ug hfg] Iflt / ;f]sf] Ifltk"lt{ ug{] Joj:yf nufot To:tf] sDkgLsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/
;d]t :ki6 pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .

352
^= ljj/0f k]z ug{]
Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] g]=/f=a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+= (=!% adf]lhdsf] ljj/0f dfl;s ?kdf
o; a}+s ;dIf k]z ug'{kg]{5 .
&= lgb]{zg kfngf gu/]df x'g] sf/jfxL
On]S6f]lgs a}ls ;DaGwL o; lgb]{zgsf] kfngf gu/L ;f] ;DaGwL s'g} sfd sf/f]af/ u/]df g]kfn /fi6
a}+s P]g, @)%* adf]lhd sf/jfxL x'g]5 .
*= o; lgb]{zg cg';f/ vf]lnPsf zfvf / o; a}+ssf] :jLs[lt lnO{ ;~rfng ul/Psf ;]jf aGb ug{ o; a}+ssf]
:jLs[lt lng' kg]{5 .
(= vf/]hL / jrfpm
-!_ o;cl3 hf/L ul/Psf b]xfosf lgb]{zgx? vf/]h ul/Psf]5 M
PsLs[t lgb]{zg, @)&# sf]] O{a}ls ;]jf ;DaGwL Joj:yf O=k|f= lgb]{zg g+= @!)&# af6 hf/L
ul/Psf] lgb]{zg tyf ;f] kZrft ldlt @)&$ ;fpg ( ut];Dd hf/L ePsf o;} ljifo;Fu ;DalGwt
;Dk"0f{ kl/kqx? .
-@_ pka'Fbf -!_ adf]lhd vf/]h ul/Psf lgb]{zg tyf kl/kq adf]lhd eP u/]sf sfd sf/jfxL o;}
lgb]{zg adf]lhd eP u/]sf] dflgg]5 .

353
 g]kfn /fi6 a}+s
s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu

O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= @@)&$

ljQLo u|fxs ;+/If)f tyf ljQLo ;fIf/tf ;DaGwL Joj:yf

o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkq k|fKt s, v / u ju{sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] k|bfg ug]{ ;]jf jf/]
;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ yk ;';'lrt kfg{, ;f] ;]jf jfkt lnOg] z'Nsx? kf/bzL{ ?kdf lng] Joj:yf ug{ tyf a}+s tyf
ljQLo ;+:yfx? dfkm{t ljQLo ;fIf/tf clej[l4 ug{ cfjZos b]lvPsf] x'Fbf b]xfo adf]lhdsf] ljQLo u|fxs
;+/If0f tyf ljQLo ;fIf/tf ;DaGwL Joj:yf hf/L ul/Psf]n] ;f]xL adf]lhd ug{'u/fpg' x'g g]kfn /fi6 a}+s
P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf &( n] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L b]xfosf] lgb]{zg hf/L ul/Psf] 5 M
1= kf/bl{{z{tf ;DaGwL Joj:yf
Ohfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yfx?n] cfkm\gf u|fxsnfO{ k|bfg ug]{ ;]jf zt{;+u ;DalGwt ;a} k|sf/sf ljj/0f
;fj{hlgs ?kdf hfgsf/L u/fpg'kg]{5 . o:tf ljj/0fdf ljQLo ;]jf tyf pks/0fx?sf cltl/Qm ;f];Fu
;DalGwt z'Ns, sldzg, Jofhb/, hl/jfgf, xhf{gf nufotsf ;DaGwdf ckgfpg' kg]{ k|ls|of Pj+ zt{x?
;dfj]z u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 . o; ;DaGwdf b]xfo adf]lhdsf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 M
-s_ Ohfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yfn] cfkm'n] k|bfg ug]{ ljQLo ;]jf, ;a} k|sf/sf vftf Pj+ shf{ / ljQLo
pks/0f ;DaGwL hfgsf/Lsf] ;+lIfKt ljj/0fk'l:tsf tof/ u/L u|fxs Pj+ ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ pknAw
x'g] Joj:yf ldnfpg'' kg]{5 .
-v_ Ohfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yfx?n] b]xfo adf]lhdsf] ljj/0fx? v'Ng] u/L ;/n Pj+ :ki6 efiffdf lnlvt
?kdf ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg' kg]{5 M
ljleGg k|sf/sf vftf / ;f] ;DaGwL ljj/0f,
u|fxsnfO{ k|bfg ul/g] ljQLo ;]jfdf nfUg] z'Nssf cfwf/ / ;f] ;DaGwL ljj/0f,
a}+lsu sf/f]jf/sf nflu lgwf{l/t k|ls|of Pj+ sfo{ljwL,
vftf aGb ubf{ cjnDag ul/g] k|ls|of,
Jofhb/ u0fgf ug]{ ljlw,
clu|d e'QmfgL z'Ns,
C0fLn] ;dodf shf{ e'QmfgL gu/]df a}+sn] ug]{ sf/jfxL,
ljnDa z'Ns, hl/jfgf tyf xhf{gf,
ljleGg k|sf/sf ljB'tLo sf8{ ;~rfng ;DaGwL sfo{ljwL,
a}+ls+u sf/f]jf/df x'g ;Sg] ;hfo tyf hl/jfgf / u|fxsn] cjnDag ug'{kg]{ ;ts{tf ;DaGwL
Joj:yf .
-u_ cfkmgf] sf/f]jf/ ;DaGwL hfgsf/L u|fxsn] lgMz'Ns ?kdf lng ;Sg] Joj:yf ;DalGwt Ohfhtkq
k|fKt ;+:yfn] ldnfpg' kg]{5 .
-3_ Ohfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yfn] u|fxsx?;Fu lng] ljleGg z'Ns tyf Jofhb/ ;DaGwL ljj/0f O=k|f= lgb]{zg
!% adf]lhd o; a}+sdf k7fpg'sf ;fy} ;j{;fwf/0fsf] hfgsf/Lsf nflu cfkm\gf] j]a;fO6df ;d]t
k|sflzt ug{'kg]{ 5 .

354
2= ;/n efiffsf] k|of]u ;DaGwL Joj:yf
-s_ Ohfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yfn] cfkmgf u|fxsx?nfO{ pknAw u/fpg] ;]jf ;DaGwL hfgsf/L jf ;'rgfdf
k|of]u ug{] efiff ;/n / :ki6 x'g' kg]{5 .
-v_ Ohfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yfn] cfkmgf u|fxs;Fusf] sf/f]jf/df k|of]u x'g] sfuhftx? g]kfnL efiffdf
pknJw x'g] Joj:yf ug'{kg]{5 . cfGtl/s tyf cGt/f{li6o sf/f]jf/df k|of]u x'g] sfuhftx? cFu|hL
efiffdf ;d]t tof/ ug{ ;lsg]5 .
3= ;'rgf ;DaGwL Joj:yf
-s_ Ohfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yfn] k|jfx ug]{ ;'rgf jf hfgsf/L;j{;fwf/0f u|fxsx?n] ;lhn} a'em\g] / k9\g
;Sg] x'g'kg]{5 .
-v_ ;j{;fwf/0fdf e|d l;h{gf x'g ;Sg] s'g} klg k|sf/sf] lj1fkg ug{ u/fpg kfOg] 5}g .
4= ;/n a}ls+u ;DaGwL Joj:yf
Ho]i7 gful/s tyf zf/Ll/s ckftf ePsf -km/s lsl;dn] ;Ifd_ JolQmx?nfO{ ljz]if k|fyldstf lbO{
;/n a}+ls ;'ljwf pknAw u/fpg a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] cfjZos Joj:yf ldnfpg' kg]{5 . To:tf
JolQmx?sf] nflu ;xh tyf ckfd}qL sfp06/sf] cfjZostf x'g] eP ;f] ;d]t Joj:yf ug'{kg]{ 5 .
O{hfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yfn] ljQLo ;fIf/tf sd ePsf u|fxsx?nfO{ ;d]t a}+lsu sf/f]jf/df ;xof]u ug]{
Joj:Yff ug{'kg]{5 .
5= ljQLo ;]jfsf] z'Ns nufot zt{ kl/jt{g ;DaGwL Joj:yf
Ohfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yfn] u|fxs;Fu ljQLo ;]jfsf nflu ;Demf}tf kqdf x:tfIf/ u/L ;]jf k|bfg ug]{qmddf
To:tf] ;Demf}tfdf plNnlvt z'Ns, Aofhb/ / zt{x?df kl/jt{g x'Fbf Ohfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yfn] ;DalGwt
u|fxsnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg' kg]{5 .
o; Joj:Yff cg';f/ ;fj{hlgs ?kdf hfgsf/L u/fpg' kg]{ cj:yfdf /fli6o :t/sf ;+:yfn] /fli6o b}lgs
klqsf dfkm{t\ / If]qLo :t/sf ;+:yfn] If]qLolhNnf :t/sf klqsf dfkm{t ;fj{hlgs ug'{ kg]{5 .
6= vftf ;~rfng tyf aGb ubf{ nfUg] z'Ns ;DaGwL Joj:yf
-s_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] lgIf]k vftf vf]Nbf, r]s hf/L ubf{, vftf ;~rfng ubf{, vftf vf]n]sf] ^
dlxgf kl5 vftf aGb ubf{, :6]6d]G6 lb+bf jf k|fs[lts JolQmsf] xsdf ? b'On { fv ;Ddsf] PaLaLP;
;]jf k|bfg ubf{ u|fxsaf6 s'g} lsl;dsf] ;]jf z'Ns lng kfOg] 5}g . t/, u|fxsn] s'g} Ps cjlwsf]
:6]6d]G6 Ps k6s eGbf a9L dfu u/]sf] cj:yfdf To:tf] z'Ns lng afwf k'u]sf] dflgg] 5}g .
-v_ u|fxssf] lgliqmo vftf ;lqmo u/fpFbf s'g} z'Ns lng kfOg] 5}g .
-u_ s'g} klg cj:yfdf /x]sf] vftfsf] /sd Go"gtd df}Hbft eGbf sd ePsf sf/0fn] /sd sf u/L
df}Hbft 36fpg kfOg] 5}g .
-3_ v08 -s_, -v_ / -u_ afx]ssf cj:yfdf u|fxs;Fu lng'kg]{ z'Ns ;DaGwdf u|fxsnfO{ k"j{hfgsf/L
u/fPsf] x'g'kg]{5 .
-_ g]kfnL d'b|fdf ljB'tLo sf8{x? hf/L ubf{ z'?df lnO{g] z'Ns afx]s To:tf] sf8{sf] cjlw ;dfKt
gx'~h]n;Dd gjLs/0f z'Ns lng kfO{g] 5}g .
7= r]s e'QmfgL ;DaGwL Joj:yf
-s_ r]s, lan, k]c8{/ nufot s'g}klg ljQLo pks/0fsf dfWodn] cfkmgf] vftfdf /sd hDdf ubf{
To:tf] pks/0fdf plNnlvt ;Dk"0f{ /sd g} ;DalGwt u|fxssf] vftfdf hDdf ug'{kg]{5 . To:tf]
ljQLo pks/0fx?sf] sf/f]jf/df nfUg] s'g} z'Ns ePdf ;f] ;DaGwL hfgsf/L u|fxsnfO{ cu|Ld ?kdf
u/fO{ u|fxssf] vftfaf6 5'6\6} ?kdf lng'kg]{5 .
-v_ s'g} JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfn] cfkmgf] sf/f]jf/sf] qmddf k|fKt r]sx? cfkmgf] vftfdf hDdf
ubf{ To:tf] r]s lvRg] JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfsf] vftfdf df}Hbft ckof{Kt eO{ /sd hDdf x'g
g;s]sf] cj:yfdf r]s k|:t't ug]{ u|fxssf] vftfaf6 s'g} klg z'Ns jf /sd lng kfO{g] 5}g .

355
 -u_ vftfdf df}Hbft ckof{Kt eO{ e'QmfgL gx'g] r]s k|:t't ePsf] cj:yfdf o; a}+sn] O{hfhtkqk|fKt
;+:yfx?nfO{ hf/L u/]sf] PsLs[t lgb]{zgsf] O{=k|f= lgb]{zg g+=!@)&! adf]lhd To:tf] r]s lvRg]
JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfnfO{ pQm r]s hf/L ug]{ a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:Yffn] sfnf];'rLdf
;'rLs[t ug{ shf{ ;'rgf s]Gb|df n]vL k7fpg'kg]{5 .
8= Aofhb/ ;DaGwdf
-s_ ljleGg k|sf/sf art vftfx?df lbOg] Jofhb/sf] cGt/ @ k|ltzt ljGb' eGbf a9Ln] km/s kfg{
kfO{g] 5}g . art vftfsf] Aofhb/ kl/jt{g ubf{ ;a} k|s[ltsf] art vftfnfO{ ;dfg ?kdf nfu" x'g]
u/L Aofhb/ ;dfof]hg ug'{ kg]{5 . Ps} k|s[ltsf] art vftfdf hDdf ul/Psf] /sd, artstf{sf]
k|s[lt nufotsf cfwf/ to u/L Aofhb/ km/s ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
-v_ shf{ k|jfx ubf{ C0fL;Fu ul/g] ;Demf}tfdf aflif{s k]gfn Aofhb/ @ k|ltzt eGbf a9L gx'g] u/L
pNn]v ug'{kg]{5 . k]gfn Aofh u0fgf ubf{ Dofb gf3]sf] ls:tf -;fFjf, Aofh_ /sddf aflif{s k]gfn
Aofhb/n] ljnDa ePsf] ;dofjlwsf nflu sfod x'g cfpg] /sd eGbf a9L lng / k]gfn Aofhdf
Aofh nfUg] u/L /sd c;'n pk/ ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
-u_ u|fxssf] Aofh k|bfg ug]{ vftf s'g} klg sf/0fn] lgliqmo x'g uPdf ;d]t lgIf]kstf{n] kfpg'kg]{
Aofh k|bfg ug'{kg]{5 .
-3_ Jofhb/ k|sflzt ubf{ jflif{s k|ltzt b/ pNn]v ug'{kg]{5 .
9= ;]jf z'Ns ;DaGwL Joj:yf
-s_ Ohfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yfn] cfkm\gf u|fxsx?nfO{ cGo ;+:yflgsfo dfkm{t ;]jf lng] ;Gbe{df ;f] ;]jf
jfkt To:tf ;+:yflgsfox?nfO{ e'QmfgL ug'{kg]{ nfut eGbf j9L x'g] u/L ;]jf z'Ns c;'n ug{
kfOg] 5}g .
-pbfx/0fsf] nflu u|fxssf] ;DaGwdf shf{ ;"rgf k|fKt ubf{ jf sfnf];"rLdf ;"rLs[t ubf{ jf ;f]
;"rLaf6 x6fpFbf lnOg] z'Ns shf{ ;"rgf s]Gb|n] lng] z'Ns eGbf a9L x'g] u/L z'Ns c;'n ug{
kfOg] 5}g . To;}u/L P6LPd k|of]u jfkt lnO{g] z'Ns, ljleGg sf8{x?df lnOg] z'Ns, lwtf] d"Nof+sg
jfkt lnOg] z'Ns, jLdf z'Ns nufotsf z'Nsx? ;]jf k|bfosn] lng] eGbf a9L x'g] u/L lng kfOg]
5}g . To;}u/L, df}Hbft /sd k|dfl0ft ubf{ nfUg] z'Ns nfut eGbf a9L x'g] u/L lng kfOg] 5}g ._
t/ On]S6f]lgs dfWodaf6 x'g] r]s lSnol/sf ;DaGwdf ? b'O{ nfv eGbf sd /sdsf] r]s
lSnol/ sf/f]af/df ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] cfgf u|fxsx?;Fu s'g} lsl;dsf] z'Ns lng
kfOg] 5}g .
-v_ shf{ k|jfx ubf{ lng] k|zf;lgs ;]jf z'Ns tyf k|lta4tf z'Ns ;DaGwdf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] b]xfosf Joj:yfx?sf] clwgdf /xL shf{ k|jfx ubf{
k|zf;lgs ;]jf z'Ns tyf k|lta4tf z'Ns lng ;Sg]5g\ .
-!_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] u|fxsn] shf{sf] nflu lgj]bg lbP kZrft\ shf{ :jLs[ltsf] k|lqmof
cf/De ubf{sf] jvt k|zf;lgs ;]jf z'Ns lng ;Sg]5g\ . t/, shf{ c:jLs[t ePsf] cj:yfdf
o:tf] z'Ns tTsfn u|fxssf] vftfdf lkmtf{ ul/lbg' kg]{5 .
-@_ a}+s ty ljQLo ;+:yfn] u|fxsn] cfkm\gf] shf{ ;Ldfaf6 pkof]u u/]sf] rfn'k"FhL shf{ ;Ldfsf]
aflif{s cf};t /sd shf{ ;Demf}tfkqdf pNn]v ePsf] Go"gtd cf};t pkof]u eGbf sd ePdf
sd x'g] /sddf dfq lglZrt b/n] k|lta4tf z'Ns lng ;lsg]5 . t/, k|lta4tf z'Nssf]
b/sf ;DaGwdf ;Demf}tfkqdf :ki6 pNn]v ePsf] x'g' kg]{5 . o:tf] z'Ns cu|Ld ?kdf lng
kfOg] 5}g . cfjlws shf{sf] xsdf :jLs[lt shf{ ;Ldf eGbf sd pkof]u u/]sf] cj:yfdf
sd pkof]u u/]sf] /sddf dfq Psk6ssf nflu k|lta4tf z'Ns lng ;lsg]5 .
-#_ shf{ k|jfx ubf{ lng] k|zf;lgs ;]jf z'Ns / k|ltj4tf z'Ns afx]s shf{;Fu ;DjlGwt ;Dk"0f{
z'Nsx? Jofhb/df g} k|ltlalDjt x'g' kg]{5 .
-$_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] Ps} k|sf/sf] shf{ k|jfx ubf{ ljleGg u|fxs;Fu lng] k|zf;lgs ;]jf
z'Ns / k|lta4tf z'Ns )=@% k|ltzt eGbf a9Ln] km/s kfg{ kfOg] 5}g .

356
10= clu|d e'QmfgL z'Ns ;DaGwdf
-s_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] shf{ sf/f]jf/df lng] cu|Ld e'QmfgL z'Nssf ;DaGwdf shf{ k|jfx ubf{
ul/g] ;Demf}tfdf :ki6 ?kdf pNn]v ug'{kg]{5 .
-v_ shf{ lnFbfsf] avt tf]lsPsf] zt{ jf Jofhb/ kl/jt{g ePsf] sf/0f C0fLn] cfkm\gf] cfDbfgLsf]
>f]taf6 shf{ cu|Ld e'QmfgL ug{ rfx]df To:tf] clu|d e'QmfgL u/] jfkt s'g} lsl;dsf] z'Ns lng
kfOg] 5}g .
-u_ C0fL;Fu ul/Psf] shf{ ;Demf}tfdf pNn]lvt zt{x? a}+sn] PstkmL{ ?kdf kl/jt{g u/]df C0fLn] shf{
cu|Ld ?kdf e'QmfgL u/]df s'g} lsl;dsf] cu|Ld e'QmfgL z'Ns lng kfOg] 5}g .
11= u'gf;f] ;'gjfO{ ;DaGwL Joj:yf
-s_ ;]jfu|fxLnfO{ kg]{] c;'ljwf tyf ;j{;fwf/0fsf] u'gf;f] ;'g'jfO{ ug{ Ohfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yfn] ;"rgf
tyf u'gf;f] ;'g'jfO{ 8]:s :yfkgf u/L ;f] sf] ;fj{hlgs hfgsf/L lbg'kg]{5 .
-v_ Ohfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yfn] pkef]Qmfsf] u'gf;f] ;'gjfO{sf nflu x6nfOg ;d]tsf] Joj:yf u/L u'gf;f]
;'Gg] clwsf/L tf]Sg' kg]{5 .
-u_ Ohfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yfn] u|fxsx?sf] u'gf;f] ;'g'jfO{sf nflu cfkm\gf] j]a;fO6df cgnfO{g kf]6{nsf]
;d]t Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 .
12= ljQLo ;fIf/tf ;DaGwdf
-s_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfGff sfo{qmdx?df ljQLo ;fIf/tf ;DaGwL sfo{qmd clgjfo{ ?kdf
;dfj]z u/]sf] x'g'kb{5 .
-v_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfkm'n] k|bfg ug]{ ljQLo ;]jf ;'ljwfsf ;DaGwdf ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ ;';'lrt
u/fpg] Joj:yf ug'{kg]{5 .
-u_ ljQLo ;fIf/tf clej[l4 u/L ljQLo k|0ffnLnfO{ ;3fp k'/ofpg] vfnsf lj1fkg tyf ;"rgfx?nfO{
k|f]T;flxt ug'{ kg{]5 .
13= uf]Kflgotf Pj+ tYof ;+/If0f ;DaGwL Joj:yf
-s_ Ohfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yfn] u|fxs;Fu ljQLo sf/f]jf/ ug]{ qmddf u|fxssf] Jofj;flos ;"rgfx?sf]
uf]klgotf sfod ug'{kg]{5 . u|fxssf] uf]klgotf sfod ug'{kg]{ ;'rgf tyf ljj/0fx? nufot lx;fa
lstfa, vftf axL, >]:tf / n]vfsf] ljj/0f cGo c;DalGwt Pj+ cglws[t JolQmnfO{ lbg' x'Fb}g .
-v_ k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd clVtof/k|fKt lgsfo jf ;+:yfnfO{ To:tf] ljj/0f lbg eg] o; Joj:yfn]
jfwf k'u]sf] dflgg] 5}g .
14= lgb]{zg kfngf gu/]df x'g] sf/jfxL
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] of] lgb]{zg kfngf gu/]df g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf !)) adf]lhd
sf/jfxL x'g]5 .
15= vf/]hL tyf arfp
-!_ o;cl3 hf/L ul/Psf b]xfosf lgb]{zgx? vf/]h ul/Psf]5 M
PsLs[t lgb]{zg, @)&# sf]] ;]jf z'Ns ;DaGwL] O=k|f= lgb]{zg g+= @@)&# tyf ;f] kZrft ldlt
@)&$ ;fpg ( ut] ;Dd hf/L ePsf o;} ljifo;Fu ;DalGwt ;Dk"0f{ kl/kqx? .
-@_ pka'Fbf -!_ adf]lhd vf/]h ul/Psf lgb]{zg tyf kl/kq adf]lhd eP u/]sf sfd sf/jfxL o;}
lgb]{zg adf]lhd eP u/]sf] dflgg]5 .

357
 g]kfn /fi6 a}+s
s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu

O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= @#)&$

ljljw Joj:yf ;DaGwdf .

o; a}+saf6 s, v / u ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] kfngf ug'{ kg]{ ljljw Joj:yf ;DaGwdf
g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf &( n] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L b]xfosf] lgb]{zg hf/L ul/Psf] 5 .
!= aLdf clestf{sf] ?kdf sfo{ ug{ ;Sg] ;DaGwdf
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)&# sf] bkmf $( pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -o_, pkbkmf -@_ sf] v08 -
em_, pkbkmf -#_ sf] v08 -7_ adf]lhd Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] /fi6 a}+sn] tf]s]sf cGo sfo{ ug]{
Joj:yf cGtu{t /xL Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] rfx]df k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd ;DalGwt lgsfosf] :jLs[lt
lnO{ cfgf u|fxsx?sf] nflu dfq aLdf clestf{sf] ?kdf sfo{ ug{ ;Sg] 5g\ .
@= o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt s / /fli6o :t/sf v tyf u ju{sf ;+:yfx?n] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf
;DaGwL P]g, @)&# sf] bkmf $( adf]lhd plNnlvt /fi6 a}+sn] tf]s]sf cGo sfd ug]{ Joj:yf cGtu{t
s]Gb|Lo lgIf]k ;]jf lgodfjnL, @)^& adf]lhd lgIf]k ;b:osf] ?kdf sfo{ ug{ ;Sg] 5g\ .
#= sDKo'6/ ;6j]o/sf] k|of]uvl/b ug{] ;DaGwdf
k|ltlnkL clwsf/ P]g, @)%( n] sDKo'6/ ;6j]o/nfO{ af}l4s ;DklQsf] ?kdf JofVof u/]sf] Pjd\ u}/
sfg'gL tyf gSsnL sDKo'6/ ;6j]o/sf] k|of]u sfg'gf/f g} lgif]w u/]sf] x'Fbf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n]
gSsnL sDKo'6/ ;6j]o/af6 aRg ;fjwfgL Pjd\ ;ts{tf ckgfpg' kg]{5 .
$= k'FhL j[l4 ;DaGwdf
cf=j= @)&@&# sf] df}lb|s gLltdf plNnlvt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] k"FhLut cfwf/ ;'b[9 u/L
bL3{sfnLg ljsf;sf nflu cfjZos kg]{ ;|f]t kl/rfng ug{ tyf ljQLo :yfloTj k|j4{g ug{ ;~rfngdf
/lx/x]sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] k'/f ug'{ kg]{ Go'gtd k'FhL ;DaGwdf b]xfosf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 .

-!_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] juL{s/0f / Go'gtd r'Qmf k'FhL ;DaGwL Joj:yfM

/fli6o:t/ $!) lhNnf* !# lhNnf*

ju{
s ?= *)) s/f]8
v ?= @%) s/f]8 ?= !@) s/f]8 ?= %) s/f]8
u ?=*) s/f]8 ?=*) s/f]8 ?= $) s/f]8
* sf7df8f}+ pkTosf afx]s . o:tf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] sfo{ If]qkl/of]hgf tf]lsPsf lhNnfx?df ;Lldt /xg] .
-@_ pko'{Qm adf]lhd ;~rfngdf /lx/x]sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfxn] @)&$ c;f/ d;fGtleq sfod
ug'{ kg]{ Go"gtd r'Qmf k'FhL ;dfg'kflts kdf j[l4 ug{sf nflu :ki6 sfo{tflnsf ;lxtsf]
Jofj;flos of]hgf k'FhL of]hgf (Capital Plan) k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . o; Joj:yf adf]lhd Go'gtd r'Qmf
k'FhL k'ofpg] ;DaGwL k'FhL of]hgf ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] ldlt @)&@ ebf} d;fGtleq o;
a}+ssf] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu / ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf k]z ug'{kg]{5 .
cf=j= @)&#&$ sf] ljQLo ljj/0f cg';f/ k|:tfljt jf]gz z]o/nfO{ r'Qmf kF'hL u0fgf ug]{ k|of]hgsf
nflu ;dfj]z ug{ ;lsg]5 .

358
 -#_ ldlt @)&$ c;f/ d;fGtleq a'bf g+= -!_ df pNn]v u/] adf]lhd tf]lsPsf] Go"gtd r'Qmf k'hL
sfod gug]{ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?nfO{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] sf/jfxL x'g]5 M
-s_ gub nfef+z jf af]g; ;]o/ 3f]if0ff tyf ljt/0f ug{ /f]s nufpg],
-v_ lgIf]k ;+sng ug{ /f]s nufpg],
-u_ shf{ k|jfx ug{ /f]s nufpg] /
-3_zfvf lj:tf/ ug{ /f]s nufpg]
-$_ pk a'Fbf g+= @ df plNnlvt Joj:yf cg';f/ o; a}+sdf k]z ul/Psf] kF'hL of]hgf ;DalGwt a}+s
tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] ;j{;fwf/0fsf] hfgsf/Lsf] nflu cfcfgf] j]e;fO6df k|sfzg ug'{kg]{ 5 .
%= Long Form Audit Report ;DaGwdf
Long Form Audit Report nfO{ ;do ;fk]If / k|efjsf/L agfpg o;};fy ;+nUg 9fFrf -cg';"rL @#=%_
cg';f/ nfu" ul/Psf] 5 . pQm Long Form Audit Report nfO{ o; a}+ssf] web-site: www.nrb.org.np
sf] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu cGtu{t /flvPsf] x'gfn] ;f]xL web-site af6 ;'rgf k|fKt u/L
cfgf] ;+:yfsf] afXo n]vfkl/Ifsaf6 ;f] Long Form Audit Report s} 9fFrfdf tof/ ul/Psf] clGtd
n]vfk/LIf0f k|ltj]bgnfO{ ;f]em} o; a}+sdf cfOk'Ug] u/L k7fpg] Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 .
^= k'FhL of]hgf ;DaGwdf
k'FhL of]hgf k|of]hgsf nflu r'Qmf k'FhL eGg] zAbn] ;fwf/0f ;]o/ jfktsf] r'Qmf k'FhL -af]g; ;]o/ tyf
xsk|b ;]o/_ nfO{ dfq a'emfpg] / ;f] r'Qmf k'FhLdf ;fwf/0f ;]o/ afktsf] k|:tfljt af]g; ;]o/nfO{ ;d]t
;dfj]z ug{ ;lsg] 5 .
&= shf{ ckn]vg ;DaGwL ljlgod agfpFbf cjnDag ug'{ kg]{ dfu{bz{g ;DaGwdf
-!_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] s] s:tf shf{ c;'n x'g g;Sg] x'g\ lgwf{/0f ug]{ cfwf/ tof/ u/L To:tf] shf{
ckn]vg ug]{ af/] cfcfgf] ;~rfns ;ldltaf6 ljlgod th'{df u/L o; a}+saf6 :jLs[lt lnO{ nfu" ug'{
kg]{5 .
-@_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] b]xfosf k|lqmofx? k'/f u/L shf{ ckn]vg ug{ ;Sg]5g\ .
-s_ shf{ v/fa au{df k/L !)) k|ltzt shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf eO{ ;s]sf] x'g'kg]{ .
-v_ shf{ c;"nLsf] nflu k|rlnt P]g tyf gLlt adf]lhd lwtf] ;'/If0fsf] lnnfd laqmLsf] k|lqmof
;DkGg u/]sf] x'g'kg]{ .
-u_ shf{sf] lwtf] ;'/If0f lnnfd laqmL x'g g;s]sf] cj:yfdf clgjfo{ ?kdf lwtf] ;sf/ u/]sf]
x'g'kg]{ .
-#_ C0fL / C0f;Fu ;DalGwt kIfx?nfO{ o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zg adf]lhd shf{ ;'rgf s]Gb| ln= sf]
sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ul/;s]sf] x'g' kg]{5 .
t/, Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] pka'Fbf -!_ adf]lhd tof/ u/]sf] sfo{ljlwsf] Joj:yf cGtu{t x'g] u/L
?= %) xhf/ eGbf sd /sdsf] shf{ ckn]vg ubf{ pka'Fbf -@_ / of] Joj:yf clgjfo{ x'g] 5}g .
-$_ ckn]vg ul/Psf] shf{sf] xsdf To:tf] shf{ :jLs[t x'Fbf s'g tx jf s;sf] lg0f{oaf6 :jLs[t ePsf] xf]
< / To:tf] shf{sf] ;'/If0f afkt /flvPsf] lwtf]sf] d"Nofg s;/L ul/Psf] xf] < ;fy}, To:tf] shf{
c;'nLsf] nflu s] s:tf] k|of;x? ul/of] < o;/L ckn]vgdf hfg'kgf{sf] cf}lrTotf cflb af/] clen]vdf
hgfpg' kg]{5 .
-%_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ckn]vg ul/Psf shf{sf] c;'nLsf nflu Pp6f 5'} shf{ c;'nL OsfOsf]
:yfkgf u/L To:tf] shf{x?sf] c;'nLsf nflu ;DalGwt ;+:yfn] lg/Gt/ k|of; hf/L /fVg' kg]{5 .
-^_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ckn]vg u/]sf shf{x?sf] cBfjlws lja/0f 5'} /lhi6/ v8f u/L /fVg'
kg]{5 .
-&_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] rfn' jif{df ckn]vg ul/Psf shf{x?sf] ljj/0f -dfly pka'Fbf g+= $ df
plNnlvt a'Fbfx? ;dfj]z u/L_ jflif{s k|ltj]bgdf clgjfo{ ?kn] pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .

359
 -*_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] shf{ ckn]vg ;DaGwdf sfg'gdf :ki6?kdf Joj:yf gu/L :ki6 dfu{lgb]{zg
jf lgb]{lzsf ;d]tsf] cefjdf ldgfxf tyf ckn]vg sfo{ ubf{ lg0f{ostf{dfly cToflws clwsf/
/xg hfg] ;DefJotfnfO{ x[bo+ud u/L ljj]sflwsf/ k|of]u x'g glbg C0f /sd ldgfxf jf
ckn]vgaf6 eljiodf kg{ ;Sg] k|efj ;d]tnfO{ dWogh/ /fvL ;f] ;DaGwdf :ki6 tyf kf/bzL{
gLltut Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 .
-(_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ckn]vg ul/Psf shf{x?sf] ljj/0f cfly{s jif{ ;dfKt ePsf] ldltn] !%
lbgleq ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f laefu / shf{ ;'rgf s]Gb| ln= df k7fpg' kg]{5 .
*= ;Ddflgt >L ;jf{]Rr cbfntsf] lg0f{o sfof{Gjog ;DaGwdfM
-s_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] lng] h]yf hdfgt Pj+ lnnfd ;DaGwdf ;Ddflgt >L ;jf{]Rr
cbfntaf6 ldlt @)&@)(!^ df ePsf] km};nfaf6 ;a} a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf gfddf b]xfo
adf]lhdsf lgb]{zgx? tTsfn sfof{Gjog ug{ cfb]z ePsf] x'Fbf ;f] lgb]{zg sfof{Gjog ug{ of]
lgb]{zg hf/L ul/Psf] 5 M
!= lwtf] ;'/If0f jfkt hdfgL lbg] hdfgtstf{n] C0fLn] lng] slt C0f /sdsf] xsdf hdfgtsf]
sfuh u/]sf] xf] ;f] hdfgtsf] c+ssf] ;Ldf tf]sL ;f]xL ;Ldf xbdf ;Lldt /xL hdfgtstf{sf]
bfloTj :ki6 x'g] u/L hdfgtstf{sf] 5'} sfuh u/fpg] .
@= C0fL tyf a}+s aLr jf hdfgLstf{ / a}+saLr C0f tyf hdfgL ;DaGwdf ul/Psf lnvtx?df
n]lvPsf a]xf]/f Pj+ zt{x? ;xh ?kdf k9\g ;lsg] 9fFrfdf tof/ ug]{ u/fpg] .
#= hdfgtstf{n] sa'n u/]sf] eGbf a9L c+ssf] bfloTj Joxf]g'{ kg]{ u/L k|ToIf jf k/f]If ?kdf
sfuh gu/fpg] .
$= hdfgtstf{n] sa'n u/]sf] bfloTj adf]lhdsf] /sd ;j{k|yd ;DalGwt C0fLaf6 g} c;'n pk/
ug]{, ;DalGwt C0fLaf6 c;'n pk/ x'g g;s]df hdfgtstf{n] sa'n u/]sf] ;Ldf xb;Ddsf]
/sd lgh hdfgtstf{n] lbPsf] ;'/If0f lwtf]af6 sfg"g adf]lhd lnnfd u/L c;'n ug{ ;lsg]
egL hdfgtsf] zt{gfdfdf pNn]v ug]{ .
%= hdfgtstf{n] b]vfPsf] ;DklQ lwtf] ;'/If0fsf] ?kdf :jLsf/ ug'{k"j{ sfg"gL k|lqmof k"/f u/L
sRrf ;DklQ xf] jf kSsf xf], To;sf] d"No s] slt kg]{ xf], oyfy{ d"No v'Ng] u/L d"Nofg ug'{
kg]{ .
^= hdfgL lbg]n] sa'n u/]sf] /sd afx]s C0fLsf cGo bfloTj ;DaGwdf hdfgL x'g]sf] ;DklQaf6
c;"n pk/ gug]{ .
&= hdfgtstf{n] sa'n u/]sf] bfloTjsf] /sd ;DalGwt C0fLaf6 c;'n pk/ x'g g;s]df dfq
hdfgtstf{n] lbPsf] ;'/If0faf6 c;'nLsf] k|lqmof cufl8 a9fpg] .
*= hdfgtstf{n] sa'n u/]sf] hdfgtsf] /sd h'g;'s} ;dodf bflvnf ug{ NofPdf a'lemlnO{
hdfgt ;'/If0fdf /fv]sf] ;DklQ km's'jf ul/lbg] .
(= C0fLn] lnPsf] C0f jfkt hdfgtsf] c+ssf] /sd hdfgtstf{n] lbPsf] lwtf] ;'/If0faf6 c;'n
pk/ ug'{kg]{ ePdf To:tf] ;DklQsf] d"No lgwf{/0f ubf{ :yfgLo JolQmx?af6 u/fPsf] k~r]sLt]{
d"Nofg, k|fljlwssf] d"Nofg, k|rlnt ahf/ d"No, dfnkf]t sfof{noaf6 lgwf{l/t d"No, lwtf]
;'/If0f :jLsf/ ubf{ lgwf{l/t d"No ;d]tnfO{ dWogh/ u/L d"No lgwf{/0f ug]{ u/fpg] u/L
dfkb08 agfO{ nfu' ug]{ .
!)= jf:tljs / :ki6 cfwf/ tyf sf/0f j]u/ lwtf]sf] cjd"Noflt u/L d"No sfod gug]{ .
!!= hdfgtstf{n] lwtf] ;'/If0fdf lbPsf] ;DklQ lnnfd ug'{kg]{ ePdf ;f] k"j{ hdfgtstf{nfO{
lghn] :jLsf/ u/]sf] c+s xbsf] /sd bflvnf ug{sf] nflu ;do ls6fg u/L ;"rgf lbg] .
!@= hdfgtstf{n] tf]lsPsf] ;"rgfsf] ;do ;Ldfleq hdfgtkqdf cfkm"n] d~h'/ u/]sf] /sd
bflvnf ug{ gNofPdf lwtf] ;'/If0fsf] ;DklQ lnnfdsf] ;"rgf k|sflzt u/L hdfgtstf{nfO{
;d]t ;f]sf] ;"rgf k|bfg ug]{ .
!#= a}+sn] hdfgt ;'/If0fdf /x]sf] ;DklQ lnnfd ubf{ ckgfpg' kg]{ k|lqmof tyf sfo{ljlwsf
;DaGwdf 5'} lgodfjnL jf sfo{ljlw jf lgb]{lzsf tof/ u/L clgjfo{ ?kdf nfu' ug]{ .

360
 !$= hdfgt ;'/If0fsf] ;DklQ lnnfd ldlteGbf cufl8 jf lnnfd kZrft\ lglZrt ;do ;Ldfleq
hdfgtkqsf] bfloTj adf]lhdsf] /sd bflvnf ug{ NofPdf a'lemlnO{ lwtf] km's'jf u/L lbg] .
-v_ ;Ddflgt >L ;jf{]Rr cbfntsf] ldlt @)&#)&)* df ePsf] km};nfaf6 b]xfo adf]lhdsf]
lgb]{zgx? ;a} a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] sfof{Gjog ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg o; a}+snfO{ cfb]z
ePsf] x'Fbf ;f] lgb]{zg sfof{Gjog ug{ of] lgb]{zg hf/L ul/Psf] 5 M
!_ shf{ lng] qmddf g} C0fLsf] ;DklQsf] ;xL d"Nofg x'g] jftfj/0fsf] ;'lglZrttf ug]{ .
@_ lwtf] /x]sf] ;DklQ lnnfd ubf{sf] avtsf] k|rlnt ahf/ df]n cg';f/ lnnfd laqmL tyf
;sf/ ug]{ u/fpg] u/L Joj:yf ug]{ .
#_ k|To]s C0fLn] 7uL ug]{ lgotjz g} shf{ lnPsf] /sd ga'emfPsf] xf] eGg] dfGotf shf{
k|bfos ;+:yfn] /fVg' pko'Qm gx'g] x'gfn] C0fL / lghsf kl/jf/k|lt ;Ddfg / ;xfg'e"lt /fvL
Gofof]lrt tj/n] shf{ c;'n ug]{ k|lqmof yfNg pko'Qm x'g] x'Fbf ;f] sf] ;'lglZrttf x'g] u/L
Joj:yf ldnfpg] .
$_ shf{ ln+bfsf avt ul/Psf] jfrf ljk/Lt af/Daf/ Jofhb/df a[l4 gug]{ gu/fpg] .
%_ C0f c;'nL k|lqmof k|f/De ePkl5 C0fLsf] kl/jf/;Fu ;DalGwt cGo ;b:ox?sf] ;fdflhs
k|lti7f, OHht, ;Ddfgdf k|lts"n k|efj gkg]{ u/L cfjZos Joj:yf ldnfpg] .

(= a}+sb/ ;DaGwdfM
o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?nfO{ k|rlnt P]gdf ePsf] Joj:yf cg';f/ pknAw u/fO{g] shf{sf] Aofhb/
-a}+sb/_ &=) k|ltzt sfod ul/Psf] 5 .
!)= :yfoL t/ntf ;'ljwf (SLF) ;DaGwdf
o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] cfcfgf] :jfldTjdf /x]sf] g]kfn ;/sf/sf] 6]h/L laN; / ljsf;
C0fkqsf] lwtf]df To:tf C0fkqxsf] c+lst d"Nosf] () k|ltzt;Ddn] x'g cfpg] /sd k|rlnt a}+sb/df
cNksfnLg :yfoL t/ntf ;'ljwf -shf{_ o; a}+sn] pknAw u/fpg ;Sg] 5 .
!!= clGtd C0fbftf ;'ljwf ;DaGwdf
cGt/a}+s / v'nf ahf/ tyf :yfoL t/ntf ;'ljwfaf6 cfjZos t/ntf cfk"lt{ x'g g;s]sf] cj:yfdf o;
a}+sdf vftf /x]sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ a9Ldf ^ dlxgfsf] nflu k|rlnt a}+sb/df clGtd C0fbftf
;'ljwf lbOg] 5 . o; a}+sdf clgjfo{ df}Hbft sfod ug{sf] nflu /fv]sf] gub df}Hbft, g]kfn ;/sf/sf]
;'/If0fkq jf c;n shf{sf] lwtf]df o:tf] ;'ljwf k|bfg ul/g] 5 .
!@= l/kf] / l/e;{ l/kf] af]nsaf]n cjlw ;DaGwdf
v'nf ahf/ sf/f]af/ cGtu{t l/kf] / l/e;{ l/kf] af]nsaf]nsf] clwstd cjlw @! lbg sfod ul/Psf] 5 .
!#= ljb]zL ljlgdo ;DaGwL sfo{ ug]{ ;DaGwdf
b]xfo adf]lhdsf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ljQLo ;+:yfx?nfO{ o; a}+ssf] ljb]zL ljlgdo Joj:Yffkg ljefuaf6
:jLs[lt k|fKt u/L ljb]zL ljlgdo ;DaGwL b]xfo adf]lhdsf yk sfo{ ug{ kfpg] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 .
-s_ v / u ju{sf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] lgodfg';f/ OHffhtkq k|fKt u/L Ogjf8{ /]ld6\ofG; -Inward
Remittance_ sf] sfo{ ug{ ;Sg] .
-v_ v / u ju{sf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] ef/tLo d'b|fsf] vl/b tyf laqmL ;DaGwL sfo{x? ug{ ;Sg]
-u_ /fli6o:t/sf v ju{sf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] ljb]zL d'b|fsf] lgIf]k :jLsf/ ug{ ;Sg] .
-3_ /fli6o:t/sf v ju{sf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] ljb]zL d'b|fsf] vl/blaqmL ug{, kf;kf]6{ afkt ;6xL
;'ljwf k|bfg ug{, ljb]zL d'b|fdf vftf vf]Ng tyf Nostro Account vf]Ng ;Sg] .
-_ v / u ju{sf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] :jLs[t k|fKt a}+ssf] ;xfos Ph]06 eO{ g]kfnL / ef/tLo
d'b|fsf] Debit / Credit sf8{ hf/L ug{ ;Sg] .
-r_ /fli6o:t/ afx]ssf v ju{sf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] ;d]t ljb]zL d'b|f vl/b u/L g]kfn /fi6 a}+s jf
jfl0fHo a}+sx?nfO{ laqmL ug{ ;Sg] .

361
 -5_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] pkl:ylt Go'g /x]sf tf]lsPsf #) lhNnfdf vf]lnPsf u ju{sf
ljQLo ;+:yfsf zfvf sfof{nox?n] k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd ljb]zL ljlgdo ;6xL Ohfhtkq lnO{
ljb]zL d'b|f vl/b u/L g]kfn /fi6 a}+s jf jfl0fHo a}+sx?nfO{ laqmL ug{ ;Sg] .
!$= :jb]zL /sdfGt/sf] sf/f]af/ ;DaGwdf
:jb]zL /sdfGt/sf] sf/f]af/ ug{ rfxg] Ohfhtkqk|fKt v / u ju{sf ljsf; a}+s tyf ljQ
sDkgLxn] cfkm"n] :jb]zL /sdfGt/sf] sf/f]af/ ug{ rfx]sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt s ju{sf] jfl0fHo a}+s;Fu
;xdlt -Memorandum of Understanding_ u/L tyf Ohfhtkqk|fKt s, v / u ju{sf a}+s tyf
ljQLo ;+:yfn] cfg} zfvf jf cGo Ph]G;Lx? dfkm{t :jb]zL /sdfGt/sf] sf/f]af/ ug{ rfx]df /sdfGt/
;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ hf]lvd cfkm}Fn] axg ug]{ u/L o; a}+ssf] :jLs[ltsf] nflu cg'/f]w u/]df :jLs[lt k|bfg ug{
;lsg]5 .
t/ v ju{sf ljsf; a}+sx?n] ;Dk"0f{ hf]lvd cfkm} axg ug]{ u/L cfgf zfvfsfof{no dfkm{t cfgf
u|fxsnfO{ :jb]zL jf ljb]zL /sdfGt/ sf/f]af/ ;DaGwL ;]jf k|bfg ug{ ;Sg]5g .

!%= lnvt g]kfnL efiffdf tof/ ug]{ ;DaGwdf

-s_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] h'g;'s} k|sf/sf] shf{ k|jfx ubf{ C0fL tyf hdfgtstf{ -
JolQmkmd{sDkgL ;+:yf_ tyf sf/0fL -C0fLhdfgt lbg] ;d]t_ af6 tof/ ug]{u/fpg]
sfuhftx? -h'g;'s} lnvt, hdfgLkq jf dGh'/Lgfdf_ k|rlnt P]g sfg'g adf]lhd b]jgfu/L lnkL
g]kfnL efiffdf tof/ ug{' kg]{5 . t/ ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] cfgf] cfGtl/s k|of]hgsf]
nflu To;/L g]kfnL efiffdf tof/ ul/Psf lnvtx? c+u|]hL efiffdf cg'jfb u/L clen]vdf /fVg eg]
kfOg] 5 .
ljb]zL gful/sx?;Fu x'g] sf/f]af/df / ljb]zL a}+ls sf/f]af/df dfq k|of]u x'g] lnvtx?sf] xsdf
eg] -h:t}M k|lttkq_ g]kfnL efiffdf tof/ ug{ clgjfo{ ul/Psf] 5}g .
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] shf{;Fu ;DalGwt C0f k|:tfj kq -Offer Letter_, shf{ td;'s -Loan
Deed_, lwtf]aGws lnvt -Mortgage Deed_, Hypothecation Agreement / Trust Receipt
Agreement clgjfo{?kdf b]jgfu/L lnkL g]kfnL efiffdf tof/ ug'{kg]{ / Consortium Loan
Agreement, Letter of Assignment, Letter of Guarantee sf] xsdf xfnnfO{ c+u|]hL efiffdf ;d]t
tof/ ug{ ;lsg] 5 . ;fy}, oL sfuhftx?nfO{ klg qmlds ?kdf g]kfnL efiffdf tof/ ub}{ hfg]
gLltut Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 .
lnvthdfgLkq tof/ ubf{ hdfgL /sd, C0fsf] cjlw, C0fsf] k|of]hg, k|d'v C0fL, ;fIfL,
hdfgtstf{sf] gfd, 7]ufgf, ;f] sf] ;gfvt nufotsf ljifox? tyf cGo k|sf/sf lnvtx?df
;d]t b]xfo adf]lhdsf ljifox?nfO{ oyf]lrt :yfgdf clgjfo{ ?kn]] pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .
lnvtdf :ki6;Fu pNn]v x'g'kg]{ ljifox?
;DalGwt JolQmsf] gfd, 7]ufgf, ldlt, JolQmsf] xsdf gful/stfkf;kf]6{ gDa/ tyf ltg k':t],
Dofb, cjlw, k|of]hg,
;DalGwt JolQmsf] ;DaGwdf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yff/f ;gfvt,
/sd,
;fIfL -Witness_,
x:tfIf/ klxrfg ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu ;DalGwt sf/0fLsf] gfd,
cGo cfjZos b]lvPsf ljifox? .
-v_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] cGt/f{li6o sf/f]af/df k|of]u x'g] afx]ssf kqfrf/,
r]sef}r/ nufot cGo sfuhftx? b]jgfu/L lnkL g]kfnL efiffdf ;d]t pknAw x'g] Joj:yf
clgjfo{ ?kdf ug'{ u/fpg' kg]{5 .
!^= ATM df CCTV sf] Joj:yf ;DaGwdf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] Automated Teller Machine (ATM) x?df CCTV Sofd]/f
nufot cGo ;'/Iff ;DaGwL k|aGwx? clgjfo{ ?kdf ug'{ u/fpg' kg]{5 .

362
!&= SWIFT Message sf] dfWodaf6 /sdfGt/ ug{] ;DaGwdf
SWIFT (Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication) k|ljlw h8fg u/]sf a}+s tyf
ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] SWIFT Message sf] dfWodaf6 o; a}+s;Fu sf/f]af/ ubf{ b]xfo adf]lhd ul/Psf] 5 M
s= o:tf] sf/f]af/sf nflu cfOtaf/b]lv laxLaf/;Dd ck/fGx #M)) jh];Dd /sdfGt/sf] nflu cg'/f]w eO{
cfPdf ;f]xL lbg /sdfGt/ ul/g]] .
v= ck/fGx #M)) jh] kl5 /sdfGt/sf] nflu cg'/f]w eO{ cfPsf] cj:yfdf ;f] lbg kl5sf] csf]{ sfo{ lbgdf
/sdfGt/ ul/g] .
u= z'qmaf/ lbgsf] !@M)) jh];Dd /sdfGt/sf] nflu cg'/f]w e} cfPdf ;f]xL lbg /sdfGt/ ul/g] .
3= z'qmaf/ lbgsf] !@M)) jh] kl5 /sdfGt/sf] nflu cg'/f]w eO{ cfPsf] cj:yfdf ;f] lbg kl5sf] csf]{
sfo{ lbgdf /sdfGt/ ul/g] ] .
!*= ljb]zL a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?nfO{ k|fljlws ;]jf k|bfg ug{ ;lsg] ;DaGwdf
g]kfnaf6 ljb]zdf k'FhLut nufgL ug]{ u/L k'FhL vftf v'Nnf gul/Ptf klg Ohfhtkqk|fKt s ju{sf
jfl0fHo a}+sx?n] cfgf] k|aGwkqdf plNnlvt ljifodf o; a}+ssf] k'j{ :jLs[lt lnO{ ljb]zdf k'FhLut
nufgL gx'g] u/L ljb]zL a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?nfO{ u}/sf]ifdf cfwfl/t laleGg k|fljlws ;]jf -
Technical Service_ k|bfg ug{ ;Sg]5g\ .
!(= ;]km l8kf]lh6 eN6, ns/ ;]jf ;~rfng ;DaGwdf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ;]km l8kf]lh6 eN6, ns/ ;]jf (Safe Deposit Vault, Locker Service) pknAw
u/fpFbf b]xfo adf]lhdsf] zt{x?sf] clwgdf /xL ;~rfng ug{ ;Sg] 5g\ .
!= ;+:yfsf] r'Qmf k'FhL o; a}+sn] tf]s] adf]lhd k'u]sf] x'g' kg]{ .
@= ;+:yfsf] ;]km l8kf]lh6 eN6 ;~rfngsf] nflu 5'} lgb]{lzsfljlgod x'g' kg]]{ .
#= ;+:yfn] cfk"m;Fu lgIf]k / shf{sf] sf/f]af/ u/]sf cfgf u|fxsx?nfO{ dfq ;]km l8kf]lh6 eN6sf] ;]jf
pknAw u/fpg' kg]{ .
$= u|fxs klxrfg k4lt (CDD) agfO{ nfu' ug'{ kg]{ .
%= ns/ k|of]ustf{nfO{ pRr hf]lvd, dWod hf]lvd, Go"g hf]lvd, /fhgLlts ?kdf k|efjzfnL JolQm
(Politically Exposed Person) df auL{s/0f u/L ;f]xL adf]lhd cg'udg ug'{kg]{ .
^= ;]km l8kf]lh6 eN6 ;~rfng ug'{ cufj} ;'/Iffsf] nflu CCTV h8fg x'g'kg]{ ;fy} cnfd{ k4lt -
Alarm System) sf] Joj:yf u/L ;f] cnfd{ k4ltaf6 ;/sf/L ;'/Iff lgsfo;Dd ;'rgf k|jfx ug{
;lsg] lsl;dsf] Joj:yf clgjfo{ ?kdf x'g'kg]{ / ;f]sf] hfgsf/L o; a}+snfO{ lbg' kg]{ .
&= ;fOhsf] cfwf/df ;]km l8kf]lh6 eN6 / ns/sf] juL{s/0f u/L ;f]xL cg'?k pko'Qm aLdf kf]ln;L
lnO{ cfjZos ;'/Iff Joj:yf ug'{kg]{ .
*= ns/ k|of]ustf{sf] d[To"ePsf] cj:yfdf u|fxsn] OR5fPsf] JolQmnfO{ pQm ns/sf] ;DklQ x:tfGt/0f
ug'{kg]{ .
(= ns/df sfg"gn] lgif]w u/]sf a:t'x? h:t}M laikmf]6s kbfy{, xft xltof/, cft+safbL lqmofsnfkdf
k|of]u x'g] ;fdfu|Lx?, nfu' kbfy{ cflb nufotsf a:t'x? /fVg glbg kof{Kt Joj:yf ug'{kg]]{ .
@)= ATM ;~rfng ;DaGwdf
Ohfhtkqkqk|fKt v / u ju{sf ;+:yfx?n] b]xfosf] zt{x?sf] clwgdf /xL Automated Teller
Machine (ATM) /fVg ;Sg]] 5g\ .
!= k"jf{wf/ tyf e'QmfgL k|0ffnLsf] ;'/Iffsf] k"0f{ bfloTj ;DalGwt ;+:yfsf] g} x'g]5 .
@= ;]jf z'Ns ;DaGwL Joj:yf :ki6?kdf k|sflzt ug'{ kg]{5 .
#= o;} lgb]{zgsf] a'Fbf g+= !$ sf] v08 -_ cg';f/ o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt afl0fHo a}+s;Fu
;Da4tf sfod u/L ;Demf}tf u/]/ ;xfos Ph]06sf] ?kdf o:tf] sfo{ ug{ afwf kg]{5}g .

363
 $= /fli6o:t/sf v / u ju{sf ;+:yf afx]s cGo ;+:yfn] cfgf] :jLs[t sfo{If]qdf ;Lldt /xg]
u/L cfgf u|fxsx?nfO{ dfq ;]jf k|bfg ug{ cfg} 5'} ATM /fVg ;Sg] 5g\ .
@!= lnnfdL ubf{ :jfldTj tyf ef]uflwsf/ x:tfGt/0f ;DaGwdf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] af]nsjf]nsf] dfWodaf6 lwtf] lnnfdL -Auction_ ubf{ ;DalGwt af]nsjf]njfnf
-Bidder_ JolQm jf ;+:yfsf] gfddf g} pQm ;DklQsf] :jfldTj tyf ef]uflwsf/ -Ownership &
Possession_ x:tfGt/0f ug'{ kg]{5 .
@@= ;fwf/0f;+:yfks ;]o/x? hkmt ug]{ ;DaGwdf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?sf] ;fwf/0f ;]o/ tyf ;+:yfks ;]o/df sf/jfxLdf k/]sf JolQm / lghsf] Psf3/
kl/jf/n] nufgL u/]sf] cj:yfdf To:tf ;fwf/0f;+:yfks ;]o/x? hkmt u/L lnnfd ug]{ / To;/L k|fKt
x'g cfpg] /sd shf{ r'Qmf ug]{ k|of]hgsf nflu pkof]u ug{' kg]{5 .
@#= ;fOgaf]8{ tyf n]6/Kof8 ;DaGwdf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug]{ ;+:yfx?sf] ;fOgaf]8{ tyf n]6/Kof8 x]bf{ :ki6?kdf s'g ju{ tyf slt
lhNnfdf sfo{ If]q ePsf] ljQLo ;+:yf xf] egL 5'6\ofpg sl7g eO{ ;j{;fwf/0f hgtfdf e|d kg{;Sg]
b]lvPsf] x'Fbf o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] cfgf] ;fOgaf]8{ tyf n]6/Kof8df ;+:yfsf] gfdsf]
7Ls tn clgjfo{?kdf sf]i7df b]xfo adf]lhdsf] jfSof+z pNn]v ug'{u/fpg' kg]{5 .
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf pNn]v ug'{ kg]{ jfSof+z
Ohfhtk|fKt s ju{sf ;+:yfx?n] g]kfn /fi6 a}+saf6 s ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf
Ohfhtk|fKt v ju{sf ;+:yfx?n] g]kfn /fi6 a}+saf6 v ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf -===== lhNnf
sfo{ If]q ePsf]_
Ohfhtk|fKt u ju{sf ;+:yfx?n] g]kfn /fi6 a}+saf6 u ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf -===== lhNnf
sfo{ If]q ePsf]_
gf]6M /fli6o:t/sf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] sfo{If]q ;DaGwL ljj/0f pNn]v ug{ clgjfo{ x'g] 5}g .

@$= r]s lSnol/ tyf e'QmfgL ;DaGwL Joj:yfM

!= Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] ?= !) nfv jf ;f]eGbf a9Lsf] /sd e'QmfgL ubf{ clgjfo{
?kdf PsfpG6k]oL r]s dfkm{t\ jf ;DalGwt JolQmsf] vftfdf dfq e'QmfgL ug'{ kg]{]5 . ;fy}, kmd{,
sDkgL, ;+:yf jf sfof{nosf] gfddf lvlrPsf r]sx?sf] e'QmfgL ;d]t PsfpG6k]oL x'g' kg]{5 . t/,
b]xfosf] cj:yfdf pNn]lvt ;Ldf eGbf a9Lsf] /sd gub e'QmfgL ug{ afwf kg]{ 5}gM
-s_ s'g} lgIf]kstf{ jf artstf{n] s'g} vf; sf/0f b]vfO{ gub e'QmfgLsf] nflu lbPsf] lgj]bgsf]
Joxf]/f / sf/0f dgfl;a b]lvPdf To:tf] lgIf]kstf{ jf artstf{nfO{ pNn]lvt ;LdfeGbf a9L
gub e'QmfgL ug{,
-a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] o; Joj:yf adf]lhd gub e'QmfgL lbPsf] dfl;s ljj/0f o; a}+ssf]
;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefu / ljQLo hfgsf/L OsfO{df k]z ug'{ kg]{5 ._
-v_ ljQLo ;+:yfaf6 lnPsf] shf{, To;sf] ;fFjf tyf Aofh e'QmfgL ug{, /
-u_ o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?aLr b}lgs sf/f]jf/ ;~rfngsf nflu gub
sf/f]af/ ug{ .
@= a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] lvRg] r]ssf] cu|efusf] dflykLsf] vfnL :yfgdf clgjfo{?kdf r]s /fO6/,
r]s k+r, r]s k|f]6]S6/ jf l/jg /fO6/ nufpg' kg]{5 .
#= ljlgd]o clwsf/ kq P]g, @)#$ sf] bkmf ^ df ePsf] Joj:yf adf]lhd s'g} klg r]sdf c+s /
cIf/df /sd km/s k/]df cIf/df n]lvP cg';f/sf] /sdnfO{ dfGotf lbg' kg]{5 .
$= r]ssf] cu|efudf /]vfg -Crossing_ jf /]vfg ;DaGwL 5fk / 8c/sf] 5fk afx]s cGo s'g}
lsl;dsf] 5fk nufPsf r]ssf] e'QmfgL ug{ ;DalGwt ;+:yf afWo x'g] 5}g .
%= RofltPsf, d;L nfu]sf, s]/d]6 ePsf r]ssf] e'QmfgL ug{ ;DalGwt ;+:yf afWo x'g] 5}g .
^= e'QmfgLsf] nflu k|fKt r]s g]kfnL jf c+u|]hL dWo] s'g} Ps efiffdf dfq :ki6 ?kdf n]lvPsf] x'g'kg]{5 .

364
 &= ;+:yfsf] gfddf lvlrPsf r]s ;DalGwt ;+:yf cfkm}n] vftfdf hDdf ug{ k7fpFbf ;DalGwt ;+:yfsf]
k|i6 a'lemg] 5fk r]ssf] k5fl8 clgjfo{ ?kdf nufPsf] x'g'kg]{5 . t/ ;DalGwt ;+:Yffsf] nflu cGo
JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfn] To:tf] r]s vftfdf hDdf ul/lbFbf eg] 5fk nufpg clgjfo{ x'g] 5}g .
*= lSnol/ dfkm{t k|fKt g]kfn /fi6 a}+ssf r]ssf] /sd h;sf] gfddf r]s lvlrPsf] xf] p;}sf] gfdsf]
vftfdf hDdf ug'{kg]{5 .
(= o; a}+saf6 hf/L On]S6f]lgs lSnol/ ;DaGwdf hf/L lgb]{zg tyf dfu{bz{gx?sf] kfngf gePsf
r]sx?sf] lSnol/ tyf e'QmfgL ug{ ;DalGwt ;+:yf afWo x'g] 5}g .
@%= Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] b]xfo adf]lhdsf Joj:yfx?sf] clwgdf /xL u}/ g]kfnL
gful/snfO{ lgo'Qm u/L sfd u/fpg ;Sg]5g\ .
-s_ u}/ g]kfnL gful/saf6 Joj:yfkg ;]jf lng] ;DaGwdf M Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n]
lgDg adf]lhd k|fljlws ;]jf ;Demf}Tff -Technical Service Agreement, TSA_ u/L u}/ g]kfnL
gful/saf6 Joj:yfkg ;]jf lng ;Sg]5g\ .
-!_ ljb]zL ;+o'Qm nufgLdf ;~rflnt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] ljb]zL nufgLstf{ -Joint
Venture Partner_ ;Fu k|fljlws ;]jf ;Demf}tf -Technical Service Agreement, TSA) u/L
k|ljlw x:tfGt/0f ubf{ ljb]zL nufgL tyf k|ljlw x:tfGt/0f P]g, @)$( adf]lhd :jLs[lt
lng'kg]{ sfg'gL Joj:yf /x]sf]n] ;f] Joj:yfsf] kl/kfngf ug{' kg]{5 .
-@_ k|fljlws ;]jf ;Demf}tf -TSA_ df lgDg laifox? v'nfpg' kg]{5 .
-s_ k|fljlws ;]jf ;Demf}tf cGtu{t Joj:yfkg ;]jf lng] kb / ;+Vof .
-v_ k|fljlws ;]jf k|bfg ug]{ laifo tyf of]hgfx? .
-u_ k|fljlws ;]jf ;Demf}tfsf] cjlw tyf z'Ns .
-3_ Joj:yfkg ;]jfdf vl6O{ cfpg] u}/ g]kfnL gful/ssf] kfl/>lds tyf ;'ljwf .
-_ Joj:yfkg ;]jfdf vl6O{ cfpg] u}/ g]kfnL gful/ssf] kfl/>lds tyf ;'ljwf Joxf]g]{
;|f]t -k|fljlws ;]jf z'Nsaf6 Joxf]g]{ jf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] Joxf]g]{ eGg] laifo_ .
-r_ k|fljlws ;]jfdf vl6O{ cfpg] u}/ g]kfnL gful/ssf] ;]jf cjlw .
-5_ k|fljlws ;]jf ;Demf}tf adf]lhd sfo{ gePdf ;f]sf] Ifltk"lt{sf] Joj:yf .
-h_ cGo cfjZos laifo .
-#_ k|fljlws ;]jf ;Demf}tf -TSA_ cGtu{t vl6O{ cfpg] u}/ g]kfnL gful/sx?sf] xsdf ljBdfg
>d P]g tyf lgodfjnL cg';f/ >d :jLs[lt lng'kg]{ Joj:yf /x]sf]n] ;f]xL adf]lhd :jLs[lt
lnP/ dfq sfd ug'{u/fpg' kg]{5 .
-$_ k|fljlws ;]jf ;Demf}tf adf]lhd ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfdf Joj:yfkg
;]jfsf nflu vl6O{ cfpg] u}/ g]kfnL gful/ssf] ;+Vof b]xfoadf]lhd x'g]5 .
-s_ @) b]lv %) k|ltzt;Dd ljb]zL nufgL /x]sf] cj:yfdf a9Ldf % hgf;Dd .
-v_ %) k|ltzt eGbf a9L ljb]zL nufgL /x]sf] cj:yfdf a9Ldf & hgf;Dd .
-%_ k|fljlws ;]jf ;Demf}Tffsf] cjlw % jif{sf] x'g]5 / ;f]nfO{ gjLs/0f ug{ ;lsg]5 . ;f] ;Demf}tf
cGtu{t Joj:yfkg ;]jfdf lgo'Qm eO{ cfpg] u}/ g]kfnL gful/ssf] ;]jf cjlw @ jif{ eGbf
a9L x'g] 5}g . lghsf] kfl/>lds k|fljlws ;]jf z'Nsaf6 Joxf]g{ ;lsg]5 . ;DalGwt
Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] g} lghsf] kfl/>lds Joxf]g]{ ;Demf}tf ePdf ljBdfg
Joj:yf cg'?k x'g] u/L to ug'{ kg]{5 .
gf]6 M ljBdfg Joj:yf eGgfn] k|fljlws ;]jf ;Demf}tf adf]lhd k|d'v sfo{sf/Lsf] sfo{ ug]{
u/L lgo'Qm u}/ g]kfnL gful/ssf] xsdf ;a} Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?nfO{
;dfg ?kdf nfu' x'g] u/L o; a}+saf6 hf/L ul/Psf k|d'v sfo{sf/Lsf] tna, eQf tyf
;'ljwf ;DaGwL dfu{bz{g tyf lgb]{zgx? / k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t afx]s Joj:yfkg ;]jfdf

365
 vl6Psf cGo sd{rf/Lx?sf] xsdf ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns ;ldltn] ;+:yfsf ;a} sd{Rff/Lx?sf]
nflu to u/]sf] kb cg';f/sf] tna eQf tyf ;'ljwf ;DaGwL Joj:yfnfO{ hgfpFg]5 .
-^_ ljb]zL ;+o'Qm nufgL g/x]sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] u}/ g]kfnL gful/saf6 Joj:yfkg
;]jf lng kfpg] 5}gg\ . t/, g]kfn ;/sf/sf] nufgL /x]sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?df pRr
k|fljlws ;'wf/ cfjZos ePdf ljb]zL a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yf;Fu k|fljlws ;]jf ;Demf}tf u/L
Joj:yfkg ;]jfdf u}/ g]kfnL gful/snfO{ lgo'Qm ug{ :jLs[lt lbg ;Sg]5 . o:tf] k|fljlws
;]jf ;Demf}tfsf] cjlw, u}/ g]kfnL gful/ssf] ;]jf cjlw tyf kfl/>lds ;DaGwdf o; a}+sn]
:jLs[lt lbP adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-&_ xfn nfu" /x]sf] k|fljlws ;]jf ;Demf}tf -TSA_ sf] cjlw ;dfKt ePkZrft\ Ohfhtkqk|fKt
;+:yfx?n] o;} Joj:yfsf] cwLgdf /xL gofF ;Demf}tf ug'{ kg]{5 .
-v_ u}/ g]kfnL gful/snfO{ sd{rf/Lsf] ?kdf lgo'Qm u/L sfd u/fpg] ;DaGwdf M Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s
tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] s'g} ljz]if k|fljlws kbdf :jb]z d} bIf sd{rf/L pknAw gePdf b]xfo
adf]lhdsf] k|lqmofJoj:yfx?sf] kfngf u/L u}/ g]kfnL gful/snfO{ lgo'Qm u/L sfd u/fpg
;Sg]5g\ M
-!_ u}/ g]kfnL gful/snfO{ v'Nnf ul/g] k|fljlws kb tyf 5gf}6 k|lqmofsf ;DaGwdf ;+:yfsf]
sd{rf/L ;]jf ljlgodfjnLdf :ki6 Joj:yf u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 .
-@_ tf]lsPsf] k|fljlws kbdf ;j{k|yd g]kfnL gful/snfO{ k|fyldstf lbO{ /fli6o:t/sf]
kqklqsfdf lj1fkg k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ /fli6o:t/sf] kqklqsfdf lj1fkg k|sfzg ubf{ ;d]t s'g} klg g]kfnL gful/s pknAw
gePdf dfq u}/ g]kfnL gful/snfO{ lgo'Qm ug]{ k|lqmof cjnDag ug{ ;lsg]5 .
-$_ u}/ g]kfnL gful/ssf] kfl/>lds, kfl/>lds lgwf{/0fsf] cfwf/, ;]jfsf zt{x? tyf ;]jf
cjlwsf ;DaGwdf ;~rfns ;ldltn] lg0f{o u/L o; a}+ssf] :jLs[ltsf nflu k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
u}/ g]kfnL gful/ssf] ;]jf cjlw Psk6sdf b'O{ jif{df ga9fO{ a9Ldf kfFr jif{;Dd / ljlzi6
k|sf/sf] bIf k|fljlws kbsf nflu a9Ldf ;ft jif{ dfq /xg ;Sg]5 .
-$_ u}/ g]kfnL gful/snfO{ sfddf nufpg' k"j{ ljBdfg >d P]g adf]lhd :jLs[lt lng' kg]{5 .
-%_ Psk6s u}/ g]kfnL gful/snfO{ sfddf nufpg] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] g]kfnL gful/snfO{
g} bIf agfO{ qmdzM k|lt:yfkg ug]{ Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 .
-^_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] tf]lsPsf] k|fljlws kb afx]s cGo kbdf u}/
g]kfnL gful/snfO{ lgo'Qm u/L sfd u/fpg kfpg] 5}gg\ .
@^= ?U0f pBf]u x]g]{ 8]:s ;DaGwdf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] ?U0f pBf]ux?sf] clen]v Joj:yfkg, cg'udg / ;d:of
;dfwfgdf ;3fp k'ofpg] k|of]hgsf nflu shf{ ljefu cGtu{t Pp6f 5'} ?U0f pBf]u x]g]{ 8]:s tf]Sg'
kg]{5 .
@&= Ohfhtkqk|fKt s ju{sf / /fli6o :t/sf v ju{sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] cfcfgf] ;~rfns
;ldltn] tf]s]sf] dfkb08leq /xL Forward, Options, Swap, Futures h:tf ljleGg 8]l/e]l6E;-
Derivatives_ pks/0f ;DaGwL sf/f]af/x? ug{ ;Sg] 5g\ .
t/ ljb]zL d'b|f;Fu ;DalGwt 8]l/e]l6E; sf/f]af/x?sf] xsdf ljb]zL ljlgdo ;DaGwL k|rlnt sfg'g
tyf o; a}+ssf] ljb]zL ljlgdo Joj:yfkg ljefuaf6 hf/L kl/kqx?sf] clwgdf /xL ug'{kg]{5 .
@*= n3' shf{ 8]:s :yfkgf ug{] ;DaGwdf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] n3', ;fgf / demf}nf pBf]udf shf{ k|jfx tyf kx'Fr j[l4sf
nflu shf{ ljefu cGtu{t Pp6f 5'} 8]:s :yfkgf ug{' kg]{5 .

366
@(= ;fd'lxs nufgL sf]if ;~rfng ug{] ;DaGwdf
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)&# sf] bkmf $( sf] pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -o_ sf] k|of]hgsf nflu
b]xfosf zt{x?sf] clwgdf /xL o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt s ju{sf a+}sx?n] ;fd'lxs nufgL sf]if
;~rfng ug{ ;Sg]] 5g\ .
zt{x?M
-!_ of]hgf Joj:yfkg;Fu ;DalGwt sfo{sf nflu ;xfos sDkgL v8f ug'{kg]{ / To:tf] sDkgL v8f ubf{
x'g uPsf] nufgLnfO{ o; a}+sn] tf]s] cg';f/sf] hf]lvd ef/ k|bfg ug]{ .
-@_ ljQLo sf/f]af/ ;~rfng ePsf] kfFr jif{ k'/f ePsf] x'g' kg]{ .
-#_ kl5Nnf] tLg jif{b]lv nuftf/ d'gfkmf u/]sf] x'g' kg]{ .
-$_ g]6jy{ wgfTds x'g' kg]{ .
-%_ ;~rfns jf sfo{sf/L k|d'v o; a}+ssf] sf/afxLdf gk/]sf] / To:tf] sf/jfxLdf k/]sf] eP ;f]
km's'jf ePsf] # jif{ k'u]sf] x'g' kg]{ .
#)= k'g/shf{ pknAw u/fpg] ;DaGwdf
g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf $( / %) df ePsf] Joj:yf cg';f/ Ohfhtkqk|fKt s, v / u
ju{sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?nfO{ tf]lsPsf zt{x?sf] clwgdf /xL b]xfo adf]lhd k|jfx ePsf] shf{df o;
a}+saf6 k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf pknAw u/fOg] 5 . ;DalGwt cg';"rL @#=!, @#=@, @#=# / @#=$ o;} ;fy ;+nUg
ul/Psf] 5 .
-!_ ;fwf/0f k'g/shf{
-s_ hnljB't kl/of]hgf, s[lif If]q, kz'k+IfL tyf dT:okfng Joj;fo, ljb]zdf /f]huf/L jf
cWoog u/L kms]{sf o'jfx?n] ;+rfng ug]{ pBf]uJoj;fo, pTkfbgd"ns pBf]u, ko{6g pBf]u
/ ef}lts k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f pBf]udf k|jfx ePsf] c;n shf{sf] lwtf]df aflif{s $=) k|ltzt
Aofhb/df k'g/shf{ pknAw u/fOg] 5 .
:kli6s/0fM != pTkfbgd"ns pBf]u eGgfn] r'/f]6, lj8L, l;+uf/, ;"tL{, v}gL nufot ;"lt{hGo pBf]u / dlb/f
tyf dlb/fhGo pBf]u afx]ssf pTkfbgd"ns pBf]ux?nfO{ hgfpg] 5 .
@= ef}lts k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f pBf]u eGgfn] ;8s, k'n, /f]kj], 6nLa;, 6g]n, km\nfO a|Lh, s]an
sf/, ljB't k|zf/0f nfOg cflbnfO{ hgfpg] 5 .
-v_ ko{6sLo ;Defjgf /x]sf t/ t'ngfTds ?kdf ljsf; x'g g;s]sf ko{6sLo uGtJo kflye/f,
dfOkf]v/L, led]Zj/, sfln~rf]s, xn];L, nf6f, :ju{f/L, dflyNnf] d':tf, u9LdfO{,
hgsk'/wfd, /f/f tyf vKt8 If]qdf ;'ljwf ;DkGg :t/Lo xf]6n :yfkgf ug{ k|bfg ul/Psf
c;n shf{sf] ;'/If0fdf aflif{s $ k|ltzt Aofhb/df k'g/shf{ pknAw u/fOg] 5 .
-u_ ;fwf/0f k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf pkof]u ubf{sf] cjlwdf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] ;DalGwt C0fLaf6
(=) k|ltzteGbf a9L Aofh lng kfpg] 5}gg\ .
-@_ ljz]if k'g/shf{
-s_ g]kfn ;/sf/af6 tf]lsPsf U0f pBf]u, 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u, j}b]lzs /f]huf/Lsf] nflu k|jfx
ePsf] shf{sf] lwtf]df jflif{s !=) k|ltzt Aofhb/df k'g/shf{ pknAw u/fOg] 5 .
-v_ cli6r kfng, cn}+rL v]tL / df}/L kfng u/L lgof{t u/]df lgof{t a/fa/sf] /sd ga9\g] u/L
c;n shf{sf] lwtf] ;'/If0fsf cfwf/df aflif{s ! k|ltzt Aofhb/df k'g/shf{ pknAw u/fOg]
5.
-u_ blnt, hghflt, pTkLl8t, dlxnf, ljkGg ju{ tyf ;d'bfosf JolQmf/f ;+rflnt ;fgf Joj;fodf
k|bfg ul/Psf] c;n shf{sf] lwtf] ;'/If0fdf jflif{s !=) k|ltzt Aofhb/df k'g/shf{ pknAw
u/fOg] 5 .
-3_ ljz]if k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf pkof]u ubf{sf] cjlwdf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] ;DalGwt C0fLaf6
jflif{s $=% k|ltzteGbf a9L Aofh lng kfpg] 5}gg\ .

367
 -#_ lgof{t k'g/shf{
-s_ lgof{t Joj;foL kmd{sDkgLnfO{ lgof{t ;DaGwL sfuhftsf] cfwf/df g]kfnL d'b|fdf k|jfx u/]sf]
shf{ / lgof{t k|j4{g pBf]unfO{ k|jfx ePsf] c;n shf{sf] lwtf]df jflif{s !=) k|ltzt b/df
lgof{t k'g/shf{ pknAw u/fOg] 5 .
-v_ lgof{t k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf pkof]u ubf{sf] cjlwdf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] ;DalGwt C0fLaf6
jflif{s $=% k|ltzteGbf a9L Aofh lng kfpg] 5}gg\ .
-u_ lgof{t cGtu{t ljb]zaf6 ljb]zL d'b|f cfDbfgL ePsf] cg'udg ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn]
ug'{ kg]{5 . ;fy} o:tf] e'QmfgL k|fKt ePsf] ldltn] rf/ sfo{lbgleq k'g/shf{sf] ;fFjf tyf Aofh
Psd'i6 ?kdf e'QmfgL ug'{ kg]{5 .
-3_ lgof{t k'g/shf{sf] xsdf Deemed Exporter eO{ pTkfbg sfo{df ;d]t ;+nUg ePsf] v08df
pTkfbg sfo{df lnPsf] shf{ jf lgof{tsf] nflu lnPsf] shf{ dWo] s'g} Ps txsf] shf{df dfq
lgof{t k'g/shf{ pknAw u/fOg] 5 .
-$_ ;fgf tyf demf}nf pBddf k'g/shf{
-s_ kl/of]hgf shf{sf] ?kdf ;fgf tyf demf}nf pBdx?df a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfaf6 k|jflxt !)
nfv;Ddsf] c;n shf{sf] lwtf] ;'/If0fdf aflif{s %=) k|ltzt Aofhb/df k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf
pknAw u/fOg] 5 .
-v_ o:tf] k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf pkof]u ubf{sf] cjlwdf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] ;DalGwt C0fLaf6
!)=) k|ltzteGbf a9L Aofh lng kfpg] 5}gg\ .
-$s_ pRr ul/aL /x]sf afh'/f, sflnsf]6, aemf, x'Dnf, bfr'{nf, h'Dnf, 8f]6L, c5fd, d'u' / a}t8L u/L !)
lhNnfx? tyf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ah]6 jQmJodf pNn]v eP adf]lhd ul/aLsf] uxgtf t'ngfTds ?kdf
a9L ePsf k;f{, af/f, /f}tx6, ;nf{xL, dxf]Q/L, wg'iff, l;/fxf / ;Kt/Lsf] cg';"lr @#=% df pNn]lvt
blIf0fL ;LdfjtL{ If]qsf ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt / gu/kflnsfx?df s[lif tyf ;fgf Joj;fodf cfwfl/t
cfod"ns lqmofsnfknfO{ k|f]T;flxt ug{ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfxaf6 k|jfx ePsf] ?= kfFr nfv ;Ddsf]
shf{df o; a}+saf6 ! k|ltzt Aofhb/df ljz]if k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf pknAw u/fOg]5 . o:tf] shf{df a}+s
tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] a9Ldf $=% k|ltzt;Dd dfq Jofhb/ lng ;Sg]5g\ .
-%_ k'g/shf{sf zt{x?
-!_ ?U0f pBf]unfO{ k|jfx x'g] k'g/shf{ afx]s cGo k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf c;n shf{sf] lwtf]df k|bfg
ul/g] 5 .
-@_ o; a}+saf6 k|jfx x'g] s'n k'g/shf{ ;'ljwfsf] ;Ldf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] k|fylds k'FhLsf]
clwstd @% k|ltzt eGbf a9L x'g] 5}g .
-#_ k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf pkof]u ug]{ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] k'g/shf{ jfkt o; a}+ssf] gfddf
tf]lsPsf] 9fFrfsf] td;'s ul/lbg' kg]{5 .
-$_ k'g/shf{ ;'ljwfdf tf]lsPsf] e'QmfgL cjlw cl3 g} k'j{e'QmfgL x'g ;Sg] 5 . k'g/shf{{
e'QmfgL ubf{ ;fFjf / Aofh ;lxt e'QmfgL ug'{ kg]{5 . o; a}+sn] C0fL a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf]
vftf vr{ -Debit_ u/L /sd c;'n pk/ ug{ ;Sg] 5 . tf]lsPsf] cjlwdf ;fjfFAofh c;'n
pk/ x'g g;s]df tLg k|ltzt k]gfn Aofhb/ sfod u/L c;'n ul/g] 5 .
-%_ k'g/shf{sf] cjlw a9Ldf Ps jif{sf] x'g]5 . Ps k6s lnPsf] k'g/shf{ r'Qmf ul/;s]kl5 dfq
k'gM k'g/shf{ dfu ug{ ;lsg]5 .
-^_ k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf k|fKt ul//x]sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] k'g/shf{sf] dfl;s ljj/0f dlxgf
;dfKt ePsf] ldltn] !% lbgleq o; a}+ssf] ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
#!= Electronic Cheque Clearing ;DaGwdf
o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt a+}s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] nflu g]kfn lSnol/ xfp;n] k]z u/]sf] Nepal
Electronic Cheque Clearing (ECC) Rule Book, Nepal Electronic Cheque Clearing (ECC) Operating

368
 Rule / Cheque Standard & Specification nfu"ug]{ / g]kfn lSnol/ xfp; lnld6]8sf] lgodg, lg/LIf0f,
sf/f]af/sf ;DaGwdf b]xfosf] lgodg hf/L ul/Psf] 5 .
-!_ ECC sf] sf/f]af/ ;lsP kZrft ;]6nd]G6sf nflu ECC Rule Book df h'g';'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtf
klg g]kfn lSnol/ xfp; lnld6]8n] On]S6f]lgs dfWodaf6 a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfxsf] vr{ jf
hDdf ug]{ /sdsf] clGtd ;f/f+z (Net Clearing Position) o; a}+ssf] a}+ls sfof{nodf k7fpg]
;DaGwdf lgDg kfFr ;qxnfO{ dfq ;~rfng ug]{ M

lSnol/ ;q Net Clearing Position ;]6nd]G6 x'g] ;do

k|fKt ug]{ ;do
lgoldt lSnol/ ;q (Regular Clearing Session) lbpF;f] #M)) ah] lbpF;f] #M!) ah]
k'/fgf 9fFrfsf r]s8f6 lSnol/ ;q lbpF;f] #M)) ah] lbpF;f] #M!) ah]
(Non-Standard Cheque/Draft Clearing Session)
klxnf] PS;k]|; lSnol/ ;q laxfg !!M#) ah] laxfg !!M$) ah]
(First Express Clearing Session)
bf]>f] PS;k]|; lSnol/ ;q lbp;f] !@M#) ah] lbp;f] !@M$) ah]
(Second Express Clearing Session)
t]>f] PS;k]|; lSnol/ ;q lbp;f] !M#) ah] lbp;f] !M$) ah]
(Third Express Clearing Session)

@)&@ c;f]h ! ut] eGbf cl3 lvlrPsf r]sx? c;f]h dlxgfel/ ;f]daf/ / ljxLaf/ xKtfsf] b'O{ lbg dfq
lSnol/ x'g] / ;f] kZrft lSnol/ gx'g] .
u|fxssf] cg'/f]wdf dfq lSnol/ x'g] .

-@_ ECC sf/f]af/sf] vr{ jf hDdf /sdsf] clGtd ;f/f+z (Net Clearing Position) o; a}+sdf cfPkl5
;DalGwt ;b:oxsf] vftfdf vr{ jf hDdf (Debit or Credit) ug]{ l;nl;nfdf sy+sbflrt vftfdf /sd
ck'u ePdf ;f]sf] Joj:yf ug{ o; a}+sf/f a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfxsf nflu lx;fa ldnfg lbg
(Business Settlement Day) sf nflu k|rlnt a}+sb/ cg'?k Aofh lnO{ /sd k"lt{ ug]{ Joj:yf sfod ug]{
/ ;f] sf] ef]lnkN6 clgjfo{ ?kdf lx;fa ldnfg ug'{kg]{ . sy+sbflrt lx;fa ldnfg x'g g;s]sf] v08df
bf];|f] lbg a}+sb/sf] bf]Aa/, t];|f] lbgb]lv t]Aa/ a}+s b/sf b/n] xhf{gf nufpg] .
-#_ ECC k"0f{ ;~rfngdf cfPkl5 o; a}+ssf] a}+ls sfof{nodf e'QmfgL tyf lx;fa ldnfg s]Gb|
(Payment & Settlement Centre) v8f u/L cfjZostf cg';f/ ;f] sfof{non] Payment &
Settlement ;DaGwL sfo{sf] ;'kl/j]If0f ug]{ .
-$_ On]S6f]lgs r]s lSnol/ k"0f{ ?kdf ;+rfngdf cfO;s]sf] x'Fbf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n]
u|fxsnfO{ r]s hf/L ubf{ MICR r]s dfq hf/L ug'{kg]{ 5 . u|fxs;Fu ePsf k'/fgf (Non
MICR) r]ssf] lSnol/ @)&@ ebf} d;fGt;Dd k"j{jt\ ?kdf x'g] / ;f] kZrft MICR
r]ssf] dfq lSnol/ x'g] Joj:yf ldnfOPsf] xF'bf ;f]xL adf]lhd ug'{ u/fpg' x'g of] lgb]{zg
hf/L ul/Psf] 5 . @)&@ c;f]h ! ut] eGbf cl3 lvlrPsf NonMICR r]sx? @)&@
c;f]h d;fGt;Ddsf nflu ;f]daf/ / laxLaf/ u/L xKtfsf] b'O{ lbg dfq NCHL ECC
k|0ffnLdf Non Standard Session dfkm{t lSnol/ x'g] Joj:yf ldnfOPsf]5 . ;fy}, of]
Joj:yfsf ;DaGwdf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] cfkm\gf u|fxsx?nfO{ ;';'lrt ug]{ Joj:yf
;d]t ldnfpg' kg]{5 .
-%_ plNnlvt Nepal ECC Rule Book, Nepal ECC Operating Manual, and Cheque Standard &
Specification df o; a}+saf6 cfjZostf cg';f/ ;+zf]wg x'g ;Sg] .
-^_ @)&) a}zfv ! ut] b]lv g]kfn /fi6 a}+ssf] jflif{s Sofn]08/ cg';f/sf /fli6o ljbf, pkTosf leq
/ aflx/ x'g] ljbfsf lbgx? Affx]ssf cGo lbgdf dfq o; a}+saf6 clGtd lx;fa ldnfg x'g] .
-&_ plNnlvt Nepal ECC Rule Book, Nepal ECC Operating Manual / Cheque Standard &
Specification o;};fy ;+nUg 5 .

369
 -*_ On]S6f]lgs r]s lSnol/ ;DaGwL Joj:yf cGtu{t hf/L Cheque Standard and Specification df
h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtf klg a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] MICR r]s 5kfO{ u/L k|of]udf
NofpFbf MICR Code Line df Cheque Serial Number / Bank Code afx]ssf c? Field x?
clgjfo{ x'g] 5}g .
#@= ljb]zL d'b|fsf] r]s lSnol/ ;DaGwdf
g]kfn lSnol/ xfp;af6 ldlt @)^*.(.!$ b]lv On]S6f]lgs r]s lSnol/ cGtu{t ljb]zL d'b|fsf] r]s
lSnol/ x'g] ePsf] x'Fbf pQm ldltb]lv ljb]zL d'b|fsf] r]s lSnol/sf] sf/f]af/ ;f]xL lSnol/ xfp;
dfkm{t ug{'u/fpg' kg]{5 . g]kfn lSnol/ xfp;sf] ;b:otf lnO{ g;s]sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf]
xsdf xfnnfO{ k'j{jt Joj:yf cg'?k r]s lSnol/ ul/g] 5 .
##= g]kfnL d'b|fsf] r]s lSnol/ ;DaGwdf
-!_ g]kfn lSnol/ xfp; ln= af6 ldlt @)^*.!@.@& ut] b]lv On]S6f]lgs dfWodaf6 g]kfnL d'b|fsf]
r]s lSnol/ x'g] ePsf] x'Fbf pQm ldltb]lv g]kfnL d'b|fsf] r]s lSnol/sf] sf/f]af/ ;f]xL lSnol/
xfp; dfkm{t ug{'u/fpg' kg]{5 .
-@_ g]kfn lSnol/ xfp; ln= sf] ;b:otf lnO{ g;s]sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] xsdf csf]{
Joj:yf geP;Dd k'j{jt Joj:yf cg'?k r]s lSnol/ ul/g] 5 .
#$= ljleGg kqklqsfx?df sd z'Nsdf a}+s Jofn]G; ;l6{lkms]6 pknAw u/fOg] 5 egL lj1fkg k|sflzt x'g]
u/]sf] / o:tf] sfo{ k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx? afx]s
cGo JolQm jf ;+:yfn] ug{ gkfpg] Joj:yf /x]sf] x'Fbf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] cfgf u|fxsx?nfO{ o;
lsl;dsf] lj1fkg k|sflzt u/L a}+s Aofn]G; ;l6{lkms]6 pknAw u/fpg] sfo{ gug]{gu/fpg] Joj:yf ug{
of] lgb]{zg hf/L ul/Psf] 5 . olb o;/L lj1fkg k|sfzg u/fO{ Aofn]G; ;l6{lkms]6 hf/L ug]{ u/fpg]
sfo{df a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx? k|ToIf jf ck|ToIf ?kdf ;+nUg /x]sf] kfOPdf g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g,
@)%* adf]lhd sf/jfxL x'g]5 .
#%= vftf /f]Ssfkm's'jf ;DaGwL ;'rgflgb]{zg j]j;fO6af6 x]/L ug]{u/fpg] ;DaGwdf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+sljQLo ;+:yfx?df /x]sf JolQmkmd{sDkgL;+3 ;+:yfx?sf] vftf /f]Ssfkm's'jf
;DaGwL ;'rgflgb]{zgnfO{ o; a}+ssf] j]e ;fO6 http://bfr.nrb.org.np/acstatus df /flvg] Joj:yf
/x]sf] 5 . pQm Website df /flvg] ;'rgflgb]{zgdf a}+sljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] kx'Frsf nflu User ID /
Password a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefuaf6 k|bfg ug]{ Joj:yf ePsf]n] ;DalGwt ;+:yfn] To:tf]
User ID / Password lnO{ o; a}+ssf] j]j;fO6sf] pQm 7]ufgfdf /flvg] ;'rgflgb]{zgnfO{ cflwsfl/s
dfgL sfo{jfxL ug'{kg]{5 . ;f] ;DaGwdf ofS; tyf kqfrf/ gul/g] / j]j;fO6df ePsf] ;'rgf cg';f/sf]
sfdsf/jfxL gePdf ;DalGwt a}+sljQLo ;+:yf g} lhDd]jf/ /xg] 5g\ .
#^= a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf Ps cfk;df ufEg] ufleg] k|flKt k|of]hgsf nflu ;DklQ tyf bfloTjsf] d"Nofg
;d]tsf] cfwf/df to ePsf] ;]o/ d'No cg'kft (Swap Ratio) sf sf/0f km/s x'g cfPsf] art
(Surplus) /sdnfO{ afF8kmfF8 gu/L ;f]em} k'FhLut hu]8fsf]ifdf /fVg' kg]{5 / To:tf] k'FhLut hu]8fsf]ifdf
/x]sf] /sdaf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] gub nfef+z afF8\g kfpg] 5}gg\ .
#&= ca pk|fGt g]kfn /fHol:yt a}+ssf zfvfsfof{nox?n] cfkm";Fu a9L ePsf] /sd l8kf]lh6 ug{ km08
6fG;km/ ubf{ tyf cfkm"nfO{ /sdsf] cfjZos k/L e'QmfgL lng' kbf{ o; a}+ssf kfos kg]{ jf glhssf
sfof{nox? jf o; a}+sn] gf]6sf]if /fv]sf cGo a}+ssf kfos kg]{ jf glhssf sfof{nox?df dfq To:tf]
l8kf]lh6 ug]{ / ;f]xL sfof{nox?af6 dfq e'QmfgL lng] sfo{ ug{' kg]{5 . o;} u/L gf]6sf]if /x]sf a}+s
zfvfx?n] ;d]t cGo a}+ssf zfvfsfof{nox?nfO{ ;/n, ;xh / ;'ne tl/sfaf6 l8kf]lh6 ul/lbg] /
e'QmfgL lbg] ;'ljwf pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 .
t/ oyf]lrt ;'/Iff Joj:yf u/L s]b|Lo sfof{nosf] k'j{ :jLs[lt lnO{ a}+ssf zfvfsfof{nox?n] glhsdf
/x]sf cfg} jf cGo a}+ssf zfvfsfof{nox? aLr cGt/ zfvfa}+s sf/f]af/ ug{ pko'{Qm Joj:yfn] afwf
k'ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
#*= cd]l/sL sfg'g Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (FATCA), 2010 cg';f/ u}/ cd]l/sL ljQLo
;+:yfx?n] cd]l/sL s/bftf / pgLx?sf] :jfldTj ePsf lgsfox?sf] sf/f]af/sf] ljj/0f cd]l/sL cfGtl/s
/fhZj ;]jfnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg' kg]{ Joj:Yff /x]sf] 5 . pQm sfg'g cg';f/ sf/f]af/sf] hfgsf/L u/fpg]

370
 lgsfox?df o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx? ;d]t kg]{ x'Fbf lt ;+:yfx?n] sf/f]af/sf]
ljj/0f cfbfg k|bfg ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] cd]l/sL ;/sf/;Fu cGt/;/sf/L ;Demf}tf -Inter-Governmental
Agreement) ug'{kg]{ Joj:yf /x]sf] 5 . t/, g]kfn ;/sf/n] o; ;DaGwdf cGt/;/sf/L ;Demf}tf
ul/g;s]sf] cj:yfdf j}slNks Joj:yf ;/x a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] cd]l/sL cfGtl/s /fhZj ;]jfsf]
j]e;fO{6 www.irs.gov/fatca-registration df btf{ eO{ cd]l/sL s/bftfx?sf] vftf ;DaGwL ljj/0f
pknAw u/fpg' kg]{ x'Fbf ;f]xL adf]lhd ug{'u/fpg' kg]{5 . o; lgb]{zg adf]lhd cd]l/sL cfGtl/s /fhZj
;]jfnfO{ vftf ;DaGwL ljj/0f pknAw u/fpFbf ;DalGwt ;+:yfn] cfgf ;DalGwt u|fxssf] lnlvt ;xdlt
lnO{ ;'rgf k|bfg ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg' kg]{5 .
#(= a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?df u|fxsx?n] gub jf r]saf6 vftfdf /sd hDdf ubf{ ;f]sf] System Printed
k|df0f ef}r/df @)&# ;fpg ! b]lv clgjfo{ ?kdf pNn]v ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg' kg]{ 5 .
$)= ;kmf gf]6 gLlt sfof{Gjog ;DaGwdfM
o; a}+ssf] d'b|f Joj:yfkg ljefuaf6 ;kmf gf]6 gLlt sfof{Gjog ;DaGwdf hf/L ul/Psf] kl/kq adf]lhd
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] ;kmfgf]6 gLlt sfof{Gjog ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg'kg]{5 .
$!= k|fs[lts k|sf]k nufotsf 36gfx?n] ljQLo k|0ffnLsf] Jofj;flos lg/Gt/tfdf kfg{ ;Sg] k|lts'n c;/nfO{
Go"lgs/0f ug{ o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] @)&@ r}t d;fGt leq Contingency Management
Framework tof/ kf/L nfu" ug'{ kg]{5 .
$@= ;~rfng hf]lvd sd ub}{ u|fxsx?nfO{ a+}ls ;]jf k|of]udf ;'/Iffsf] k|Tofe"lt lbnfpg a}+s tyf ljQLo
;+:yfx?n] xfn k|of]udf NofPsf 8]la6, qm]l86, lk|k]8 nufotsf Magnetic Strip Card nfO{ @)&@ c;f]h leq
Chip Based Card n] k|lt:yfkg ug'{kg]{5 .
$# Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ljB'tLo sf/f]af/ P]g, @)^# adf]lhd a}+ls sf/f]af/df Digital Signature sf]
k|of]u ug{ ;Sg]5 .
$$= vf/]hL / jrfpm
-!_ o; a}+saf6 o;cl3 hf/L ul/Psf b]xfosf lgb]{zgx? vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 M
PsLs[t lgb]{zg, @)&# sf] ljljw ;DaGwL Joj:yf O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= @#)&# af6 hf/L ul/Psf] lgb]{zg
tyf ;f] kZrft ldlt @)&$ ;fpg ( ut] ;Dd hf/L ePsf pko{'Qm ljifo;Fu ;DalGwt ;Dk"0f{
kl/kqx? .
-@_ pka'Fbf -!_ adf]lhd vf/]h ul/Psf lgb]{zg tyf kl/kq adf]lhd eP u/]sf sfd sf/jfxL o;}
lgb]{zg adf]lhd eP u/]sf] dflgg]5 .
b|i6JoM PsLs[t lgb]{zgsf] ljljw Joj:yf ;DaGwL lgb]{zgdf o; cl3 ;dfj]z ePsf sfnf];"rL ;DaGwL
sf/jfxL / km's'jf ;DaGwL lgb]{zgkl/kq tyf cg';"rLx?, Tamil Rehabilitation Organization (TRO)
;DaGwL kl/kq tyf ;f] ;DaGwL cg';"rLx?, ;xsf/L / ljQLo dWo:ytf ug]{ u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yfx?nfO{
hf/L lgb]{zg Pjd\ Psk6s dfq k|of]udf cfO{ k|efj ;dfKt x'g] vfnsf kl/kqx? o; lgb]{zgaf6 x6fO{
;DalGwt k'j{ kl/kqlgb]{zgx? -o; a}+ssf] Website: www.nrb.org.np sf] Archive df ;d]t pknAw
ePsf]_ af6} nfu" x'g] Joj:yf sfod ul/Psf] 5 .

371
 cg';"rL @#=!
k'g/shf{ td;'ssf] gd"gf
lnlvtd wgLsf gfd sf=lh= sf=d=g=kf= j8f g+= !! yfkfynLl:yt g]kfn /fi6 a}+s, a}ls sfof{no cfu] ;f] /sd C0f lng]
C0fLsf] gfd ========, s]Gb|Lo sfof{no /x]sf]================ a}+sljQLo ;+:yf lnld6]8n] g]kfn /fi6 a}+saf6 k'g/shf{ k|bfg ug{]
;DaGwdf g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf $( n] u/]sf] Joj:yf cGtu{t g]kfn /fi6 a}+s;Fu cfhsf ldltdf ?= ============
==========-cIf/]kL ================================================ ============== dfq_ shf{ lnPsf] 7Ls ;fFrf] xf] . pQm shf{ lnPsf] /sd
afkt C0fLn] cfgf] lgDg adf]lhdsf] u|fxs C0fLnfO{ k|jfx u/]sf] shf{ dWo] ;+nUg ljj/0f cg';f/sf] shf{ / k'g/shf{sf]
nflu o; a}+snfO{ n]lvlbPsf] td;'s k'g/shf{ ;'ljwfsf] nflu lwtf] ;'/If0fsf] ?kdf /flvlbPsf 5f}+ . tkl;n adf]lhdsf] lwtf]
;'/If0fdf /flvPsf] shf{sf] ljj/0f tyf zt{x? / o; ;DaGwdf g]kfn /fi6 a}+saf6 hf/L ljBdfg gLltut Joj:yf tyf g]kfn
/fi6 a}+sn] ;do ;dodf tf]s]sf] zt{dfkb08 kfngf ug]{5f}F . zt{x? kfngf gu/]df pQm lwtf] tyf C0fL a}+ssf] cGo rn
crn ;DklQ ;d]taf6 pQm /sd c;'n u/L lng' egL a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns ;ldltsf] lg0f{o;xdlt ;d]t
/x]sf]n] g]kfn /fi6 a}+s, a}+ls sfof{no, yfkfynL, sf7df8f}+df a;L of] td;'s n]vL wgL g]kfn /fi6 a}+sdf r9fof}+ .
tkl;n
s= lwtf]sf] ljj/0f
kl/of]hgfsf] gfd lwtf] ;'/If0fdf /flvPsf] shf{sf] ljj/0f g]kfn /fi6 a}+saf6 k|fKt k'g/shf{

v= zt{x?M
1. a9Ldf ^ dlxgf cjlwsf nflu dfq of] k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 .
2. k'g/shf{ afkt wgL a}+snfO{ jflif{s ;os8f == k|ltztsf b/n] Aofh;lxt Psd'i6 ?kdf ;fFjf Aofh a'emfpg' kg]{5 .
3. k'g/shf{ dfu ubf{ ;DalGwt a}+sn] shf{df lnPsf] Aofhb/ o; a}+sn] tf]s]sf] Aofhb/df a9Ldf === k|ltzt;Dd yk
Aofh sfod ug{ ;Sg]5 .
4. lgwf{l/t ;doleq k'g/shf{ e'Stfg gu/]df # k|ltzt k]gfn Aofhb/ nfUg] 5 . g]kfn /fi6 a}+sn] C0fL a}+s jf ljQLo
;+:yfsf] vftf vr{ -Debit_ u/L /sd c;'n pk/ ug{ ;Sg]5 .
5. k'g/shf{ pkef]u u/]sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] ;fFjfAofh e'StfgL Dofb ;dfKt ePsf] lbg
;f] /sd e'StfgL gu/]df g]kfn /fi6 a}+sl:yt ;DalGwt ;+:yfsf] h'g;'s} vftf vr{ n]vL shf{ c;'npk/ ul/ lng /
;f] sf] vr{ ug]{ clVtof/L g]kfn /fi6 a}+snfO{ lbOPsf] 5 . o;df kl5 s'g} ph'/L jf bfjL ul/g] 5}g .
6. lwtf]sf] ?kdf g]kfn /fi6 a}+snfO{ lbOPsf] td;'sdf plNnlvt shf{sf] hf]lvdtf nufot ;a} lhDd]jf/L ;DalGwt
a}+sljQLo ;+:yfs} x'g]5 .
7. C0fL a}+sn] lwtf] :j?k /fv]sf] td;'sdf pNn]v ePsf] u|fxssf] rncrn dfn a:t' / g]kfn /fi6 a}+saf6 shf{ lnO{
nufgL u/]sf] pBf]u tyf Joj;fo ;d]tsf] g]kfn /fi6 a}+sn] h'g;'s} avt lg/LIf0f ubf{ pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 .
8. g]kfn /fi6 a}+sn] k|bfg u/]sf] k'g/shf{ ;'ljwfsf] ;DaGwdf ;do ;dodf ljj/0f dfu]sf] avt tf]lsPsf] Dofbleq
C0fL a}+sn] pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 .
9. lwtf] ;'/If0fdf lnOPsf] ;'/If0fdf klxnf] bfjL (First Charge) g]kfn /fi6 a}+ssf] x'g]5 .
10. C0f k|of]u ;DaGwdf o;};fy ;+nUg gLltut zt{ tyf dfkb08x? kfngf ug]{ k|lta4tf JoQm ul/Psf] 5 . ;f] adf]lhd
gu/]df k|rlnt g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* tyf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)&# cg';f/ ;hfo ePdf
d~h'/L 5 .
11. zt{ / dfkb08df cfjZostf cg';f/ g]kfn /fi6 a}+sn] kl/dfh{g jf ;+zf]wg ug{ ;Sg]5 .
g]kfn /fi6 a}+ssf] tk{maf6 clVtof/k|fKt JolQm =========a}+sljQLo ;+:yfsf] tk{maf6 clVtof/k|fKt JolQm
b:tvt M b:tvt M
gfd M gfd M
kb M 5fkM kb M 5fk M
ljefusfof{no M ljefusfof{noM
Olt ;Dat\ @) == ;fn ============ dlxgf =======ut] /f]h ======= z'ed\

372
 cg';"rL @#=@
shf{ ljj/0f

qm=;+= C0fLsf] gfd shf{ shf{ k|jfx e'QmfgL shf{ shf{ ;'/If0fsf]
zLif{s ldlt ldlt juL{s/0f /sd ljj/0f
;fwf/0f k'g/shf{sf] nfluM

lgof{t k'g/shf{sf] nflu

ljz]if k'g/shf{sf] nflu

cGo k'g/shf{sf] nflu

dfly plNnlvt ljj/0fx? 7Ls ;fFrf] xf], em'7f 7x/] sfg'g adf]lhd ;xF'nf a'emfpFnf . sy+sbflrt
lwtf]df /fv]sf] c;n shf{x? lgliqmo shf{df kl/0ft eP ;f] sf] hfgsf/L g]kfn /fi6 a}+snfO{
pknAw u/fO{ ;f] sf] ;fdf csf]{ c;n shf{ ;'/If0fsf ?kdf pknAw u/fpg] k|lta4tf JoSt
ub{5f}+ .

========= a}+sljQLo ;+:yfsf] tk{maf6

b:tvt M
gfd M
kb M
5fkM
ljefusfof{no M

Olt ;Dat\ @) == ;fn ============ dlxgf =======ut] /f]h ======= z'ed\

373
 cg';"rL @#=#

-k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf pkof]u ug]{ ;DalGwt a}+sljQLo ;+:yfsf] n]6/Kof8df_

k'g/shf{ ;'ljwfsf] nflu k|lt1fkq -Promissory Note_ sf] gd"gf

======================, s]Gb|Lo sfof{no /x]sf] ======================= a}+sljQLo ;+:yf lnld6]8n] g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g,
@)%* sf] bkmf $(= n] u/]sf] Joj:yf cGtu{t g]kfn /fi6 a}+saf6 cfhsf ldltdf ?= ============ ========== -
cIf/]lk ================================================ ============== dfq_ k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf k|fKt u/]sf] 7Ls ;fFrf] xf] . g]kfn
/fi6 a}+s jf ;f] a}+sn] cfb]z u/]sf] kIfnfO{ dfu]sf] ;dodf =========== k|ltzt jf g]kfn /fi6 a}+sn] tf]s]sf]
Aofhb/n] x'g cfpg] Aofh /sd / ;fjfF /sd ?= ============ ========== -cIf/]kL
================================================ ============== dfq_ ltg{ a'emfpg ======================= a}+sljQLo ;+:yf
lnld6]8 sj'n ub{5 / dfu u/]sf] avt glt/]df jf ga'emfPdf g]kfn /fi6 a}+sn] h'g;'s} tl/sfn] c;'npk/ u/L
lnPdf o; a}+sljQLo ;+:yfsf] dGh'/L 5 egL ;f] ;+:yfsf] tkm{af6 clVtof/k|fKt dxfdL of] k|lt1fkqsf]
lnvtdf b:tvt ub{5'5f}+ .

=========a}+sljQLo ;+:yfsf] tk{maf6 clVtof/k|fKt JolQm

b:tvt M
gfd M
kb M
;+:yfsf] 5fk M
ljefusfof{no M

Olt ;Dat\ @) == ;fn ============ dlxgf =======ut] /f]h ======= z'ed\

374
 cg';"rL @#=$

ldltM @)&== . == . ==
>Ldfg\ sfo{sf/L lgb]{zsHo",
g]kfn /fi6 a}+s,
=====================;'kl/j]If0f ljefu,
sf7df08f}+ .

ljifoM k'g/shf{sf] dfl;s ljj/0f .*

dxf]bo,
To; ljefusf] k=;+= =============== ================== ldlt =============== =================df hf/L
kl/kqn] u/]sf] Joj:yf cg';f/ o; ;+:yfnfO{ pknAw ePsf] k'g/shf{ tyf ;f] k'g/shf{ ;'ljwfaf6
ljleGg If]qzLif{sdf k|jfx ePsf] shf{sf] dfl;s ljj/0f b]xfo adf]lhd /x]sf] 5 .
shf{sf] ljj/0f
qm=;+= C0fLsf] shf{ shf{ k|jfx shf{ efvf shf{sf] k'g/shf{ ljj/0f s}lkmot
gfd zLif{s ldlt gfg] ldlt aSof}tf lnPsf] ldlt /sd

*
dlxgf ;dfKt ePsf] !% lbgleq k]z ug]{ .
===================== a}+sljQLo ;+:yfsf] tk{maf6

b:tvt M
gfd M
kb M
5fk M
ljefusfof{no M

375
 cg';"rL @#=%
ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt tyf gu/kflnsfsf] ;"rL

lhNnf UffpF ljsf; ;ldlt tyf gu/kflnsf

k;f{ uf=la=;=
cd/k66L, le:jf, wf]/], 3f]8fbf}8f lkk/f, hod+unk'/, hfgsL6f]nf, emf}jfu'7L, dxfb]jk66L,
nfxfj/ys/L, lj>fdk'/, ldhf{k'/, lgd{na:tL, k|;f}gL ef7f, lk8f/Lu'7L, ;a}7jf, ;demf}tf, 7f]/L
nufotsf l;dfjtL{ uf=la=;=x?
af/f gu/klnsf
l;d|f}gu+9 gu/kflnsf
uf=la=;=
a8sLkm'njl/of, auxL, a;Gtk'/, a]Nbf/L, a]gf}nL, a/}gLof, la>fdk'/, 5tjf, lem6s}of blIf0f,
sjxLuf]9, srf]jf{, dl6cjf{, ksl8of lrsgL, lkk/kftL kr{/f}jf nufotsf l;dfjtL{ uf=la=;=x?
/f}tx6 gu/klnsf
uf}/ gu/kflnsf
uf=la=;=
cf}/}of, aGhf/xf, a|Xdfk'/, hf]xjf, nIdLk'/ a]nlj5jf, dl7of, g/sl6ofu'+7L, /fhb]jL, /fdk'/vfk,
;/d'hjf nufotsf l;dfjtL{ uf=la=;=x?
;nf{xL gu/klnsf
dn+ujf gu/kflnsf
uf=la=;=
cgf{xf, axfb'/k'/, anf/f, af/f pWof]/0f, a]NjfhAbL, ef8;/, xlycf}n, v'6fgf, dw'agL, gf/fo0fk'/,
gf]s}njf, k;f{, ;+u|fdk'/, ;qmf}n, l;d/f lqe'jggu/ nufotsf l;dfjtL{ uf=la=;=x?
dxf]Q/L gu/klnsf
hn]Zj/ gu/kflnsf
uf=la=;=
aygfxf, O6xjf{sL, u}9fe]6k'/, v}/aGgL, dl6xfgL, g}GxL, k;f{ kt]nL, kf]v/le+9f ;+u|fdk'/,
/3'gfyk'/, ;D;L, ;'uf ejfgL, l;;jf s6}of nufotsf l;dfjtL{ uf=la=;=x?
wg'iff uf=la=;=
a}x]8fa]nf, afNxfuf]7, b]jl8xf, wgf}hL, b'xjL, Ogjf{, O6xjf{, , nudf u9fu'7L, dx'jf -k|v]_,
d'lvofk6L, gu/fOg, 7f9Llememf, t'N;LofxL hJbL nufotsf l;dfjtL{ uf=la=;=x?
l;/xf gu/klnsf
l;/xf gu/kflnsf
uf=la=;=
cf}/xL, jl/ofkL, xs{L, Ogjf{, Of6f/, hfgsLgu/, sRgf/L, nu8L u8LofgL, nu8L uf]9,
gj/fhk'/, zfgx}yf nufotsf l;dfjtL{ uf=la=;=x?
;Kt/L uf=la=;=
cf}/xL, ag}lgof, a]NxL, e'txL, l5Ggd:tf, b]p/L, kmls/f, uf]j/uf9f, em'6sL, sfrg, nfnfk66L,
df}jfxf, /fdgu/, /fdk'/ dNxlgofF, t/xL, ltnf7L nufotsf l;dfjtL{ uf=la=;=x?

376
 cg';"rL @#=^

LONG FORM AUDIT REPORT

Of
.. LIMITED

For the year ended .. Ashad 20

(Corresponding to ..July 20)

Auditor:

M/s
.

377
1. AUDIT APPROACH
1.1 Brief description of the Audit plan with focus on the following areas, at minimum:
Declaration of Independence of Audit Firm and Members
Standards followed
Composition of the audit team
Audit schedule
1.2 Brief description of the Audit process and procedures
Audit areas' Risk Assessment
Audit procedures adapted to mitigate identified Audit Risks
Quality control mechanism
1.3 Brief description of the Sampling Procedure and sample size
Sampling methodology
Sample size
Use of system based approaches
1.4 Remarks on the execution of audit plan
Execution of audit and the audit plan
Problems encountered during the audit, if any
Limitations of scope of Audit, if any.
2. RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
Opinion on the following:
2.1 Credit Risk Management Systems
2.1.1 Brief description and comment on the adequacy of credit appraisal systems,
2.1.2 Brief description and comment on the adequacy of credit monitoring systems,
2.1.3 Brief description and comment on the adequacy of the credit recovery systems,
2.1.4 Adequacy of Policies and procedure for Write off of Loans,
2.1.5 Adequacy of Policies, guidelines and Controls over Off Balance Sheet Items,
2.1.6 Comment on the concentrations in the credit and investment portfolio,
2.1.7 Risk Management Committees and their effectiveness,
2.1.8 Overall audit opinion on Credit risk management,
2.2 Market Risk (Interest Rate, Liquidity and Foreign Exchange) Management Systems,
2.2.1 Adequacy of policies, procedures and guidelines for the market risk management,
2.2.2 Adequacy of the system for measuring, monitoring and mitigation of Market risk,
2.2.3 Risk Management Committees and their effectiveness,
2.2.4 Overall audit opinion on Market & liquidity risk management.
2.3 Operational Risk Management System
2.3.1 Adequacy of policies, procedures and guidelines for the Operational risk management.
2.3.2 Adequacy of the system for measuring, monitoring and mitigation of Operational Risk.
2.3.3 Risk Management Committees and their effectiveness
2.3.4 Overall audit opinion on Operational risk management.

378
3. INTERNAL CONTROL SYSTEMS
Opinion on the following areas:
3.1 Effectiveness of the Audit committee
3.2 Effectiveness of the Internal Audit Function
3.3 Rectification of the deficiencies identified in the previous internal and external audit reports
3.4 Adequacy of the controls in Credit operations
3.5 Adequacy of the controls in Treasury operations
3.6 Adequacy of the controls in Branch operations
3.7 Adequacy of control over Nostro Bank Operations
3.8 Adequacy of the controls in procedures related to expenditure
3.9 Adequacy of the control over fixed assets
3.10 Adequacy of the Management Information System (MIS)
3.11 Adequacy of controls over e-banking and Card Operations
3.12 Adequacy of controls in Information Technology and related support functions.
3.13 Effectiveness of the Inter-branch and agency Reconciliation function
3.14 Adequacy of controls to prevent and/or minimize Fraud and forgeries
3.15 Instances of Fraud and Forgery in the review period
3.16 Existence, adequacy & effectiveness of system audit
3.17 Other Control Issues, if any
3.18 Auditors overall assessment of the internal control system
4. COMPLIANCE WITH APPLICABLE RULES AND REGULATIONS
Prevailing Statute, Act, Directive and Regulation, at minimum, in the following areas
4.1 Nepal Rastra Bank Act 2058
State whether the conditions as stipulated in Section 86 of Nepal Rastra Bank Act 2058
prevails, if yes please specify.
4.2 Bank and Financial Institution Act 2063
4.2.1 Whether fees and benefits of Chairman and board members are as specified in
AOA/MOA
4.2.2 Appointment, qualification and benefits of the chief executive
4.2.3 Profit Appropriation to General Reserve
4.2.4 Appropriation to Exchange Fluctuation Reserve
4.2.5 Distribution of Dividend
4.2.6 Whether the activities are within the scope as defined by BAFIA?
4.2.7 Whether prohibited activities are being pursued?
4.2.8 Control & notification of dormant deposit accounts and unclaimed dividend
4.3 Foreign Exchange Rules and Regulations
4.3.1 Whether payments of goods imported and service import are made as per circulars.
4.3.2 Whether deposit accounts of foreign currency are opened and operated as per circulars.
4.3.3 Whether card transactions are done as per circulars.
4.3.4 Whether foreign exchange transactions are properly recorded and reported in a timely
manner.

379
 4.3.5 Whether investment in foreign currency are made as per standard approved by the
Board of Directors.
4.3.6 Whether payments of exports are received and reported timely as per circulars.
4.3.7 Whether transactions of Indian currency are made as per circulars.
4.4 Minimum Capital fund (Directive No. 1)
4.4.1 Computation of Core Capital, Supplementary Capital and Capital Fund
4.4.2 Computation of Risk Weighted Assets
4.4.3 Comment on the Capital Plan
4.4.4 Overall opinion on capital adequacy
4.5 Loan Classification and Loan Loss Provisioning (Directive No.2)
4.5.1 Comment on the Assets Quality and Classification
4.5.2 Adequacy of Loan Loss Provisions
4.5.3 Whether the rescheduling/restructuring comply with the provisions of the directive
4.5.4 Loan Loss Provisions in case of restructuring and rescheduling of loans
4.5.5 Loan Classification and loan loss provision in respect of force loans
4.5.6 Loan Classification and loan loss provision in respect of loan against
personal/corporate guarantees
4.5.7 Whether the adjustment and Write back of loan loss provision comply with the
provisions of the directive
4.5.8 Overall opinion on Loan classification & provisioning
4.6 Single Obligor Limit & Sectoral Cedit Limit (Directive No.3)
4.6.1 Bank's procedures to identify a group of related borrowers
4.6.2 Comment on the Facilities in excess of Single Obligor Limits, if any
4.6.3 Loan Loss Provision in case of borrowers availing facilities in excess of the SOL
4.6.4 Review and ratification mechanisms for excessive exposures in respect of sectoral
credit.
4.6.5 Comments on any exceptions on loan to real estate sector.
4.7 Acounting Policy & Format of the Financial Statement (Directive No.4)
4.7.1 Comment on the Consistency of the Accounting Policies and financial reporting
framework.
4.7.2 Recognition of interest income from loans and advances
4.7.3 Reconciliation of Interest Receivable and Interest Suspense
4.7.4 Recognition of other interest, fees and commission and expenses.
4.7.5 Publication of annual accounts and periodical highlights
4.7.6 Non-compliance/deviations in accounting policies followed as compared to prescribed
accounting policies by NRB/Nepal Accounting Standard
4.8 Risk Minimization (Directive No 5)
4.8.1 Mechanisms to minimize liquidity risk
4.8.2 Use of GAP Analysis and other mechanisms to measure and manage interest rate risk
4.8.3 Mechanisms to minimize foreign exchange risk
4.9 Corporate Governance (Directive No.6)
4.9.1 Formulation and implementation of required plans, policies and guidelines

380
 4.9.2 Code of conduct of Directors, Chief Executive and Employees
4.9.3 Cases of conflict of interest of Directors, Chief Executive and Employees
4.9.4 Mechanism to identify related parties promoters, directors or senior management.
4.9.5 Lending to directors, chief executive, employees (except as per employee rules) and
their related parties, if any
4.9.6 Level of Corporate governance and compliance of directives related to corporate
governance
4.10 Implementation of Supervisory Findings (Directive No.7)
Auditor's finding on the status of compliance of directions given by NRB based on its onsite
inspections and offsite supervision
4.11 Investments (Directive No.8)
4.11.1 Investments in unlisted companies
4.11.2 Investment in companies with financial interest
4.11.3 Investment in shares of other bank/FIs
4.11.4 Investments arising out of Underwriting Commitments
4.11.5 Investment in shares and debentures exceeding the limits
4.11.6 Review of the investment portfolio
4.11.7 Adequacy of provisioning requirements
4.11.8 Adequacy of investmet adjustment fund requirements
4.12 Reporting Requirements (directive No.9)
Comment upon the reliability of mechanism used for NRB reporting and the accuracy of such
returns
4.13 Sale or Transfer of Promoters Share (Directive No. 10)
4.13.1 Sale or transfer against the statutory requirements
4.13.2 Sale or pledge of promoter shares, during the lock-in period
4.13.3 Where the promoter of the Bank is an entity, unauthorized transfer of ownership of
such entity
4.13.4 Where the promoter of the Bank is an entity, the availability of audited financial
statement of such entity for verification
4.14 Consortium Financing (Directive No.11)
4.14.1 Formation and dissolution of consortium
4.14.2 Fulfillment of the specified duties of lead bank/member bank, where applicable.
4.14.3 Frequency of consortium meetings where it is lead bank/FI
4.14.4 Adherence to the spirits of consortium
4.15 Credit Information and Blacklisting (Directive No.12)
4.15.1 Periodic Submission of information to CIC
4.15.2 Mechanism to obtain required information from borrowers
4.15.3 Credit Information at the time of sanction/renewal/restructuring/rescheduling of
facilities
4.15.4 Recommending defaulted borrower to the CIC for blacklisting
4.15.5 Lending to individual/firm/company included in the blacklist
4.16 Cash Reserve/Statutory Liquidity Requirement (Directive No. 13)

381
 4.16.1 Comment on any exceptions on the maintenance of CRR as stipulated by the directive
4.16.2 Comment on any exceptions on the maintenance of SLR as stipulated by the directive
4.17 New Branch/Office Operation (Directive No. 14)
4.17.1 Unauthorized branches/offices/extension counters/remittance counters
4.17.2 Unauthorized transactions
4.18 Interest Rates (Directive No. 15)
4.18.1 Interest rate determination procedures
4.18.2 Mechanism to determine cost of fund, yield on earning assets and interest spread
4.18.3 Publication of interest rates
4.19 Mobilization of Financial Resources (Directive No. 16)
4.19.1 Concentration of deposits
4.19.2 Resource mobilization beyond the limit
4.19.3 Issuance of debenture and other debt instruments
4.20 Deprived Sector Lending (Directive No.17)
4.20.1 Comment on the exceptions observed in the deprived sector lending
4.20.2 Whether the loans classified as deprived sector lending meet the stipulated pre-requisite
conditions
4.20.3 Monitoring mechanism for utilization of deprived sector lending on a half yearly basis
4.21 Merger, Acquisition and Upgradation (Directive No.18)
4.21.1 Fulfillment of the specified requirements for upgradation by the financial institution,
where applicable
4.21.2 Whether the minimum capital, capital structure meet the stipulated pre-requisite
conditions for merger and/or acquisition, where applicable
4.21.3 Trading status of stocks in the stock exchange
4.21.4 Compliance of regulatory provisions on the Merger, Acquisition and Upgradation
including Fit & Proper Test mentioned in BAFIA, 2063 NRB Act, 2058 and Unified
Directives
4.21.5 Overall opinion on Merger, Acquisition and Upgradation
4.22 AML/CFT (Directive No.19)
4.22.1 AML/CFT policies, procedures and practices formulated and followed
4.22.2 Adequacy of mechanism, procedures and documents for customer due diligence
4.22.3 Adequacy of risk based customer classification and monitoring
4.22.4 Mechanism, procedures and documents for customer due diligence
4.22.5 Protection of information and documents, including electronic data, of the customer till
the period stipulated in the Act and regulations
4.22.6 Adequacy of filing and reporting of threshold transactions to Financial Information
Unit (FIU)
4.22.7 Adequacy of filing and reporting of the suspected cases to the internal management and
concerned supervisory authorities. Cases of reporting of money laundering and
suspected financing to terrorism to FIU
4.23 Subsidiary Company (Directive No.20)
4.23.1 Compliance of directives of Investment in shares and other securities of subsidiary(ies).
4.23.2 Adequacy of consolidation of transactions with the subsidiary(ies).

382
 4.23.3 Harmonized implementation of policies, procedures and systems of holding company
in the subsidiary(ies).
4.23.4 Transactions not based on competitive market price or unauthorized transactions or
transactions not based on Arm's Length relation.
4.23.5 Overall level of disclosure of Related Party Transactions in the periodic financial
returns.
4.24 E-banking Directives (Directive No.21)
4.24.1 E-banking policies and procedures formulated and followed
4.24.2 Adequacy of security maintained in the e-banking trasactions
4.24.3 Adequacy of conditions on bilateral agreement with agents and third party
4.25 Miscellaneous Directives (Directive No.23)
4.25.1 Whether insurance agency service offered to its clients
4.25.2 Authenticity of computer software used
4.25.3 Preparation of documents in the devnagari script of Nepali language as stipulated in the
directives
4.25.4 Adequacy of security maintained in SWIFT transaction
4.25.5 Compliance of taxation, including TDS, and mandatory provisions made by fiscal
policy of Government of Nepal
4.25.6 Safe Deposit Vault, Locker Service availed
4.25.7 Compliance of regulations and laws with respect to Auction
4.25.8 Technical Service Agreement, TSA reached, where applicable
4.25.9 Adequacy of policies, procedures and mechanism of transactions on derivative
products, where applicable
4.25.10 Use of Refinancing Facilities availed by the NRB made as per the agreement
4.26 Transparency and level of economy in the capital and operating expenditures.Whether
Financial Administration Bye-laws is adhered to while incurring such expenditures
4.27 Compliance with internal rules, regulations and guidelines
Comment on the overall state of compliance with the internal rules, regulations and guidelines
4.28 Overall compliance of laws, regulations, circulars, directives and guidelines
Comment on the overall state of compliance with the laws, regulations, circulars, directives &
guidelines
5. OTHERS
5.1 Whether guarantees, all other contingent liabilities and off balance sheet exposures are properly
recorded and disclosed
5.2 Whether banks have entered into any contracts with related parties including the promoters,
directors, shareholders holding more than 1% and their undivided family
5.3 Compliance of pre-requisite conditions for Purchase of fixed assets
5.4 Any comments or issues, which the auditor feels appropriate to be communicated to the
supervisor and is not covered by the above
6. CONCLUSION
6.1 Type of Audit opinion expressed in the final audit Report
6.1.1 Unqualified
6.1.2 Qualified

383
 6.1.3 Adverse
6.1.4 Disclaimer
6.2 Main reason for the qualified, adverse or disclaimer opinion on the financial statement
produced, where applicable.
6.3 Areas of operation where it is exposed to excessive risk
6.4 The risk areas where bank/FI has not been able to properly address these risks
6.4 Comment on the Major Problems faced by the Bank/FI
6.5 Overall opinion of the auditor on the operation and financial standing of the Bank/FI

384
kq ;+Vof M a}=lj=lg=lj=gLltkl/kqsvu@^)&!&@ ldltM @)&@)@!#

Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?,

dxfzo,
xfn} cfPsf] e"sDksf sf/0f cfjf;Lo 3/ Ifltu|:t ePsf e"sDk k|efljt 3/kl/jf/nfO{{ cfjf;Lo 3/
k'glg{df0fsf nflu a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?af6 k|jfx ul/g] shf{df o; a}+sn] pknJw u/fpg] k'g/shf{
k|of]hgsf nflu ;+nUg adf]lhdsf] sfo{ljlw hf/L ul/Psf] xF'bf ;f]xL adf]lhd ug'{ u/fpg' x'g g]kfn /fi6 a}+s
P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf &( n] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L of] lgb]{zg hf/L ul/Psf] 5 .

ejbLo,

-dgdf]xg s'df/ >]i7_

sfo{sf/L lgb]{zs

385
 g]kfn /fi6 a}+s
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu
e"sDk k|efljt 3/kl/jf/nfO{ cfjf;Lo 3/ k'glg{df0fsf nflu k|bfg ul/g] k'g/shf{ sfo{ljlw, @)&@
xfn} cfPsf] e"sDksf sf/0f cfjf;Lo 3/ Ifltu|:t ePsf e"sDk k|efljt 3/kl/jf/nfO{{ 3/ k'glg{df0fsf nflu
k|jfx ul/g] cfjf;Lo shf{df o; a}+sn] pknJw u/fpg] k'g/shf{ k|of]hgsf nflu of]] sfo{ljlw agfO{ nfu"
ul/Psf] 5 .
g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf $( / %) df ePsf] Joj:yf cg';f/ Ohfhtkqk|fKt s, v / u
ju{sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] pko'{Qm k|of]hgsf nflu b]xfosf zt{ tyf Joj:yfx?sf] kfngf x'g] u/L k|jfx
u/]sf] shf{df o; a}+saf6 k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf pknJw u/fOg] 5 M
zt{ tyf Joj:yfx? M
-!_ k'g/shf{sf] clwstd ;Ldf sf7df08f} pkTosfdf k|lt 3/kl/jf/ ? @% nfv / pkTosf afx]ssf k|efljt
lhNnfdf ? !% nfv ;Ddsf] C0f ;'ljwfsf] cfjf;Lo 3/ k'glg{df{0f k|of]hgsf nflu dfq x'g]5 . pQm
;Ldf eGbf a9L k|jfx ePsf] shf{sf] /sddf k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf k|bfg ul/g] 5}g .
-@_ of] ;'ljwf C0fL tyf lghsf] kl/jf/df a:g of]Uo cfjf;Lo 3/ gePsf] cj:yfdf dfq pknJw
u/fOg] 5 . e"sDkn] Ifltu|:t cfjf;Lo 3/ ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt -uf=lj=;=_ df eP uf=lj=;= leq},
gu/kflnsfdf eP ;DalGwt j8f leq} k'glg{df0f ug{sf nflu k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf pknAw u/fOg]5 .
t/, Ifltu|:t :yfg a:gof]Uo g/x]sf] k|df0f g]kfn ;/sf/sf] cflwsfl/s lgsfoaf6 k|fKt u/]sf]
cj:Yffdf ;f]xL lhNnfsf] csf]{ :yfgdf lgdf{0f ul/g] cfjf;Lo 3/sf nflu ;d]t o; sfo{ljlw
adf]lhd k'g/shf{ k|bfg ug{ ;lsg]5 .
-#_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] cfjf;Lo 3/ k'glg{df{0f k|of]hgsf] nflu k|bfg ug]{ C0fdf clwstd @ k|ltzt
;Dd dfq Aofhb/ lng' kg]{5 . ;f] k|of]hgsf] nflu g]kfn /fi6 a}+sn] z"Go Jofhb/df k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf
pknJw u/fpg] 5 .
-$_ a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] pko'{Qm adf]lhdsf] shf{df Aofhb/ kl/jt{g ug{ kfpg] 5}gg\ . o:tf] shf{df Aofh
tyf t]>f] kIfnfO{ e'QmfgL ug'{ kg]{ -aLdf, lwtf] d"Nof+sg, shf{ ;"rgf, shf{ ;'/If0f z'Ns_ nfut a/fa/sf]
z'Ns afx]s cGo s'g} klg k|sf/sf] z'Ns lng kfOg] 5}g .
-%_ z'?sf] Ps jif{ u|]; cjlw x'g] u/L o:tf] shf{sf] Go'gtd cjlw % jif{ / clwstd !) jif{;Ddsf] x'g]5 .
s'g} C0fLn] cu|Ld e'QmfgL ug{ rfx]df s'g} klg k|sf/sf] cu|Ld e'QmfgL z'Ns nfUg] 5}g . o:tf] k'g/shf{
;'ljwf Ps k6ssf] nflu a9Ldf ! jif{sf] nflu dfq k|bfg ul/g] 5 / ljBdfg sfg"gL Joj:yfsf] clwgdf
/xL lg/Gt/tf x'g] Joj:yf ldnfOg] 5 .
t/, a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfaf6 3/ shf{ pkef]u ul//x]sf C0fLx?sf] ;f]xL 3/ Ifltu|:t eO{ k'gM shf{
lng' k/]sf] cj:yfdf shf{sf] cjlw a9Ldf kGw| jif{ ;Dd x'g]5 .
-^_ a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] cfjf;Lo 3/ k"glg{df{0f shf{ k|jfx ubf{ lgdf{0f k|ultsf cfwf/df slDtdf rf/
r/0fdf e'QmfgL x'g] u/L k|jfx ug'{kg]{5 . t/, a'Fbf g+= !$ adf]lhd k|jfx ul/Psf] shf{sf xsdf eg] of]
Joj:yf clgjfo{ x'g] 5}g .
-&_ cfjf;Lo 3/ k'glg{df{0f ubf{ /fli6o ejg ;+lxtf tyf e"sDk k|lt/f]wfTds dfkb08sf] kfngf u/]sf] x'g'
kg]{5 .
-*_ a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;DjlGwt lgsfo jf :yfgLo lgsfo -
gu/kflnsfpkdxfgu/kflnsfdxfgu/kflnsfj8f sfof{nouf=lj=;=_ sf] e"sDk kLl8t eO{
cfjf;Lo 3/ Ifltu|:t ePsf] / C0fLsf] kl/jf/df cGo s'g} cfjf;Lo 3/ gePsf] k|df0f jf ;f]
;DaGwL C0fLsf] :jM3f]if0ff clgjfo{ ?kdf lng'kg]{5 .
-(_ e"sDkkLl8tsf nflu o; a}+saf6 k|jfx ul/g] s'n k'g/shf{sf] ;Ldf k|To]s a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:Yffsf nflu
;f] ;+:yfsf] k|fylds k'FhLsf] *) k|ltzt ;Dd dfq x'g]5 .

386
-!)_ o:tf] shf{ ;fdfGotM jLdf u/]sf] x'g'kg]{5 . shf{sf] aLdf u/]sf] cj:yfdf shf{ juL{s/0fsf cfwf/df x/]s
ju{df sfod ug'{kg{] shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:Yffsf] @% k|ltztsf b/n] dfq shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf sfod ug{
;lsg]5 .
-!!_ o:tf] k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf k|fKt ul//x]sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] k'g/shf{sf] dfl;s ljj/0f -cg';'rL_
dlxgf;dfKt ePsf] ldltn] !% lbgleq o; a}+ssf] ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-!@_ k"FhLsf]if u0fgf k|of]hgsf nflu o;/L k|jfx ul/Psf] shf{sf] hf]lvd ef/ cfjf;Lo 3/ shf{ ;/x ^)
k|ltzt x'g]5 .
-!#_ o:tf] k'g/shf{ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] k|jfx u/]sf] shf{sf] lwtf]df k|bfg ul/g]5 .
-!$_ e'sDkaf6 k"0f{?kdf 3/ Iflt ePsf cfgf ;b:ox?nfO{ cfjf;Lo 3/ lgdf{0fsf nflu 3 ju{sf
n3'ljQ ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] ;fd'lxs hdfgLdf ?= # nfv ;Dd shf{ k|jfx u/]df o; a}+saf6 z"Go
Aofhb/df k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf k|bfg ul/g]5 . ;fy}, 3 ju{sf n3'ljQ ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] l;kmfl/zdf
To:tf ;+:yfsf ;b:ox?nfO{ s, v / u ju{sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] k|bfg u/]sf] ?= #
nfv ;Ddsf] shf{df ;d]t of] k'g/shf{ k|bfg ul/g]5 .
o; Joj:Yff cGtu{t ;fd'lxs hdfgLdf k|jfx ul/Psf] shf{sf xsdf sfo{ljlwsf] aF'bf g+=
& sf] /fli6o ejg ;+lxtf ;DaGwL Joj:yf afx]s cGo Joj:Yffx? oyfjt ?kdf nfu' x'g]5g\ .
s, v / u ju{sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] k|jfx u/]sf] o:tf] shf{nfO{ ljkGg ju{ shf{df
u0fgf ul/g]5 .
-!%_ o:tf] shf{ k|jfx ubf{ a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] ;DalGwt ;+:yfsf] ljBdfg 3/shf{ ;DaGwL gLltut
Joj:yfsf] clwgdf /xL u|fxssf] shf{ ltg{ ;Sg] Ifdtf nufot ;'/If0fsf :ki6 cfwf/ lnO{ shf{ :jLs[t
tyf k|jfx ug'{kg]{5 .
-!^_ e"sDkkLl8t kl/jf/n] cfjf;Lo 3/ k'glg{df{0fsf nflu ;x'lnot b/df shf{ lng rfx]df a}+s jf
ljQLo ;+:yfn] ;/n / ;xh k|lqmof ckgfO{ o; sfo{ljlw adf]lhd x'g] u/L shf{ k|jfx ug'{kg]{5 .

dfly plNnlvt zt{ tyf Joj:yfsf clwgdf /xL k|jfx ePsf] shf{df g]kfn /fi6 a}+s, a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf
lgodg ljefu, s]Gb|Lo sfof{no afn'jf6f/df ;Dks{ u/L a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf lng
;Sg]5g\ .

cg';"rL

ldlt M @)&== == ==
>Ldfg\ sfo{sf/L lgb]{zsHo",
g]kfn /fi6 a}+s,
=====================;'kl/j]If0f ljefu,
sf7df08f}+ .
ljifoM k'g/shf{sf] dfl;s ljj/0f .
dxf]bo,
To; ljefusf] k=;+= =============== ================== ldlt =============== =================df hf/L e"sDk k|efljt
3/kl/jf/nfO{ cfjf;Lo 3/ shf{sf nflu k|bfg ul/g] k'g/shf{ sfo{ljlw, @)&@ cg';f/ o; ;+:yfn] pkef]u
u/]sf] k'g/shf{ tyf ;f] k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf adf]lhd k|jfx ePsf] shf{sf] dfl;s ljj/0f b]xfo adf]lhd /x]sf] 5 .
shf{sf] ljj/0f -ldlt M @)& ====_
qm=;+= C0fLsf] shf{ k|jfx clGtd shf{sf] k'g/shf{ ljj/0f s}lkmot
gfd ldlt e'QmfgL aSof}tf lnPsf] ldlt /sd
ldlt

387
* dlxgf ;dfKt ePsf] !% lbgleq k]z ug]{ . ===================== a}+sljQLo ;+:yfsf] tk{maf6
b:tvt M
gfd M
kb M
5fk M
ljefusfof{no

kq ;+Vof M a}=lj=lg=lj=gLltkl/kqsvu#))&!&@ ldltM @)&@)#)(

Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?,

dxfzo,
xfn}sf] e"sDksf sf/0f a}+ls ;]jfsf] ;xh pknAwtfdf x'g ;Sg] cj/f]wnfO{ dWogh/ u/L a}+ls ;]jf ;'rf?
?kn] ;+rfng ug]{, clgjfo{ df}Hbft u0fgf ug{ ;xh Joj:yf ug]{, e"sDkaf6 cfjf;Lo 3/ Ifltu|:t ePsf
kLl8t kl/jf/x?nfO{ cfjfl;o 3/ k'glgdf{0fsf nflu k"gs{hf{ ;'ljwf pknAw u/fpg], a}+ls+u ;]jfsf] ;xh
pknAwtf / kx'Fr j[l4sf nflu zfvf :yfkgf / lj:tf/df ;xh kfg]{, /fxt /sd k|wfgdGqL b}jL k|sf]k p4f/
sf]ifdf /sdfGt/ x'g], e"sDk kLl8t k|df0fsf] cfwf/df ;d]t vftf vf]Ng ;Sg] nufotsf Joj:Yffx? o; a}+sn]
ul/;s]sf] ;Gbe{df ljleGg a}+s, ljQLo ;+:yf / C0fL u|fxs nufotsf lgsfox?n] gLltut Joj:Yffsf nflu o;
a}+s ;dIf cg'/f]w u/]sf]df pQm cg'/f]wnfO{ ;Daf]wg ub}{ e"sDksf sf/0fn] s'g} klg Joj;fo w/fzoL gxf];\ /
o; a}+sn] u/]sf] gLltut Joj:Yffsf] pknAwL a}+s jf ljQLo;+:yfsf] clGtd u|fxs;Dd k'uf];\ eGg] clek|fon] of]
gLltut Joj:Yff ul/Psf] xF'bf ;f]xL adf]lhd ug{'u/fpg' x'g g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf &( n] lbPsf]
clwsf/ k|of]u u/L of] lgb]{zg hf/L ul/Psf] 5 M
!_ o; a}+saf6 hf/L ul/Psf] PsLs[t lgb]{zg @)&! df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg @)&! r}q d;fGtdf
;lqmo ju{df sfod /x]sf C0fLx?sf nflu b]xfo adf]lhdsf] ljz]if Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 M
s_ shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
e"sDksf sf/0f C0fLsf] C0f ltg]{ Ifdtfdf x|f; cfPsf] jf kl/of]hgf Ifltu|:t eO{ shf{ ltg{ g;Sg]
cj:yfdf shf{sf] ;fFjf, Aofh jf ls:tf /sd @)&@ c;f]h d;fGt ;Dddf k|fKt ePdf To:tf]
shf{nfO{ @)&@ c;f/ d;fGtdf c;n shf{df auL{s/0f ul/ ;f]lx adf]lhd shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
sfod ug{ ;lsg]5 . o; Joj:yf cg';f/ c;n ju{df juL{s/0f ul/g] shf{sf] xsdf a}+s tyf
ljQLo ;+:yfn]] e'Qmfg l9nf ePsf] sf/0faf6 ;DalGwt C0fL;Fu s'g} klg k|sf/sf] k]gfn Aofh jf
z'Ns lng kfOg] 5}g .
v_ shf{sf] k'g/tflnsLs/0f
e"sDksf sf/0f C0fLsf] C0f ltg]{ Ifdtfdf x|f; cfPsf] jf kl/of]hgf Ifltu|:t eO{ shf{ ltg{ g;Sg]
cj:yfdf b]xfosf cfwf/df a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] Psk6ssf nflu Psjif{;Dd shf{ e'QmfgL cjlw
yk x'g] u/L shf{ k'g/tflnsLs/0f ug{ ;Sg]5g\ M
-s_ shf{nfO{ k'g/tflnsLs/0f ug{ C0fLsf] lnlvt sfo{ of]hgf k]z u/]sf],
-v_ e"sDksf sf/0f cfDbfgLsf] >f]t / shf{ ltg]{ Ifdtfdf cfPsf] x|f;sf] k'i6L x'g] k|df0f k]z
u/]sf],

388
 s'g}klg If]qdf k|jflxt shf{df Psjif{ eGbf a9L cjlw yk u/L shf{ k"g/tflnsLs/0f ug'{k/]df ;f]
sf] ljj/0f / cf}lrTotf v'nfO{ o; a}+ssf] k"j{:jLs[lt lng'kg]{5 .
o; Joj:Yff adf]lhd k'g/tflnsLs/0f ul/Psf shf{nfO{ c;n ju{s} shf{sf] ?kdf juL{s/0f ug{
;lsg]5 / juL{s/0f ul/Psf shf{x?sf] ljj/0f 5'} tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
u_ cfDbfgLvr{ n]vfg ug]{ ;DaGwdf
cf=j= @)&!&@ sf] Aofh cfDbfgL n]vfg ug]{ k|of]hgsf nflu @)&@ c;f/ dlxgf;Dddf kfs]sf]
Aofh @)&@ c;f]h d;fGt ;Dddf k|fKt ePdf ;f] /sd cf=j= @)&!&@ {sf] gfkmf gf]S;fg
lx;fjdf cfDbfgL hgfpg ;lsg]5 . o;/L cfDbfgL hgfPsf] /sdnfO{ nfef+zsf] ?kdf ljt/0f gu/L
gfkmf gf]S;fg afF8kmfF8 vftf dfkm{t k"FhL ;dfof]hg sf]ifdf hDdf ug'{kg]{5 .
@)&@ c;f/ d;fGt kZrft k|fKt Aofh /sdsf] 5'} ljj/0f tof/ u/L k]z ug'{kg]{5 / o;/L
Aofh cfDbfgL hgfPsf] ePdf ;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] jflif{s ljQLo ljj/0fsf]] cfDbfgL
n]vfg ;DaGwL gLltdf /sd ;lxt :ki6 v'nfpg' kg]{5 .
3_ u|]; cjlw
e"sDksf sf/0f kl/of]hgf lgdf{0f ;DkGg x'g yk ;do nfUg] ePdf jf kl/of]hgf ;DkGg eO ls:tf
e'QmfgL z'? x'g] cj:yfdf u|]; cjlw ;dfKt ePtfklg a9Ldf Psjif{sf] u|]; cjlw yk ug{ ;lsg]5
. u|]; cjlwdf Aofh k"FhLs/0f u/L cfDbfgL afFlwPsf] Aofh /sdnfO{ gfkmf gf]S;fg afF8kmfF8 vftf
dfkm{t k"FhL ;dfof]hg sf]ifdf /sdfGt/ ug'{kg]{5 .
@_ kF"hL u0fgfsf ;DaGwdf
o; a}+sn] hf/L u/]sf] PsLs[t lgb]{zg @)&! O{=k|f= lgb]{zg g+= ! cg';f/ jfl0fHo a}+sx?n]] Regulatory
Retail Portfolio / Claims Secured by Commercial Real Estate zLif{s cGtu{t sfod u/]sf shf{x?sf]
xsdf e"sDksf sf/0f kl/of]hgf Ifltu|:t eO{ ;fFjf, Aofh jf ls:tf e'QmfgL gAa] lbg eGbf a9Ln] efvf
gf3]sf] cj:yfdf ;d]t @)&@ c;f/ d;fGtsf] k"FhLsf]if u0fgf ubf{ hf]lvd ef/ zt k|ltzt sfod ug{
;lsg]5 .
#_ e"sDkn] cltk|efljt lhNnfsf a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfx?nfO{ yk ;'ljwf
sf7df08f} pkTosf afx]ssf e"sDkn] cltk|efljt lhNnfx?df k|wfg sfof{no /xL ;~rfngdf /x]sf a}+s
jf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf yk 5'6 tyf ;'ljwfx? k|bfg ul/g]5 M
k|wfg sfof{no ejg Ifltu|:t eO k"g/lgdf{0f ug'{kg]{ cj:yfdf s, v, u / 3 ju{sf a}+s
jf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ ? %) nfv;Dd z'Go Aofhb/df o; a}+saf6 shf{ pknAw u/fpg] .
clgjfo{ df}Hbftsf nflu sfod ug'{kg]{ Go'gtd df}Hbft ckof{Kt ePsf] sf/0fn] o; a}+saf6 nufO{g]
hl/jfgf /sddf @)&# c;f/ d;fGt ;Ddsf nflu 5'6 k|bfg ug{] .
ljkGg ju{df k|jfx ug'{kg]{ shf{ ;DaGwL Joj:Yff kfngf x'g g;s]sf] cj:Yffdf o; a}+saf6 nufO{g]
xhf{gf /sddf @)&# c;f/ d;fGt ;Ddsf nflu 5'6 k|bfg ug{] .
o; a}}ssf] lgb]{zg adf]lhd k]z ug'{kg]{ tYof+s tyf ljj/0fx? k]z ug{ ;d:of /x]sf] cj:yfdf
q}dfl;s ljj/0f eGbf sd cjlwdf k]z ug'{kg]{ ljj/0fx? @)&# c;f/ d;fGt ;Ddsf nflu k]z
ug{ clgjfo{ gx'g] u/L 5'6 k|bfg ug{] .
ejbLo,

-dgdf]xg s'df/ >]i7_

sfo{sf/L lgb]{zs

389
kq ;+Vof M a}=lj=lg=lj=gLltkl/kqsvu!@)&@&# ldltM @)&@)(#)
Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?,

dxfzo,
@)&@ a}zfvdf cfPsf] e'sDk tyf ;f] kZrftsf] pTkGg c;xh kl/l:ylt xfn;Dd klg ;fdfGo x'g g;s]sf]
kl/l:yltsf sf/0f ko{6g, pBf]u, Joj;fo nufotsf If]qdf k'Ug uPsf] IfltnfO{ dWogh/ ub}{ o; a}+saf6
Ohfhtkqk|fKt a+}s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?nfO{ ldlt @)&@&!) df hf/L ul/Psf] a}=lj=lg=lj=gLltkl/kqsvu&
sf] a'Fbf g+= ! nflu b]xfo ;+zf]wg ul/Psf] xF'Fbf ;f]xL adf]lhd ug{'u/fpg' x'g g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf
&( n] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L of] lgb]{zg hf/L ul/Psf] 5 M
!= b]zdf xfn} pTkGg c;xh kl/l:yltsf sf/0f cfly{s lqmofsnfkdf ;+s'rg cfO{ pBf]u, Jofkf/, ko{6g,
phf{nufotsf If]qx? k|efljt ePsf] / a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf C0fLx?sf] C0f ltg{ ;Sg] Ifdtfdf x|f;
cfpg uO{ cy{tGqsf ljeLGg If]qsf ;/f]sf/jfnfx?af6 o; a}+saf6 hf/L ul/Psf lgb]{zgsf s]xL k|fjwfgx?df
5'6 k|bfg x'g cg'/f]w eO{ cfPsf]n] o; a}+saf6 hf/L ul/Psf] PsLs[t lgb]{zg @)&@ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf]
ePtfklg @)&@ c;f/ d;fGtdf ;lqmo ju{df sfod /x]sf C0fLx?sf nflu b]xfo adf]lhdsf] ljz]if Joj:yf
ul/Psf] 5 M
s_ shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf ;DaGwdf
xfn pTkGg c;xh kl/l:yltsf sf/0f C0fLsf] C0f ltg]{ Ifdtfdf x|f; cfPsf] jf kl/of]hgf ;~rfngdf
;d:of cfO{ shf{ ltg{ ;Sg] cj:yf laBdfg g/x]sf C0fLx?sf] xsdf shf{sf] ;fFjf, Aofh jf ls:tf
/sd @)&@ r}t d;fGt ;Dddf k|fKt ePdf To:tf] shf{nfO{ c;n shf{df auL{s/0f ul/ ;f]lx adf]lhd
shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf sfod ug{ ;lsg]5 . o; Joj:yf cg';f/ c;n ju{df juL{s/0f ul/g] shf{sf]
xsdf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn]] shf{ e'QmfgL l9nf] ePsf] sf/0faf6 ;DalGwt C0fL;Fu s'g} klg k|sf/sf]
k]gfn Aofh jf z'Ns lng kfpg] 5}gg\ .
;fy}, PsLs[t lgb]{zg @)&@ sf] O{=k|f= lgb]{zg g+= @)&@ sf] ;'Id lgu/fgL ;DaGwL Joj:Yffsf
;DaGwdf ;f] ju{sf nflu @)&# c;f/ d;fGtdf $ k|ltzt shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:Yff sfod ug]{ u/L
cf=j= @)&@&# sf] klxnf] b]lv t]>f] qodf; ;Ddsf nflu @)&@ c;f/df sfod /x]sf]] @ k|ltzt shf{
gf]S;fgL Joj:Yff dfq sfod ug{ ;lsg] Joj:Yff ul/Psf] 5 .
v_ shf{sf] k'g/tflnsLs/0f jf k'g/;+/rgf ;DaGwdf
xfn pTkGg c;xh kl/l:yltsf sf/0f C0fLsf] C0f ltg]{ Ifdtfdf x|f; cfpg ;Sg] b]lvPsf]n] pBf]u,
Jofkf/, lzIff, :jf:Yo, ko{6g -xf]6n, Po/nfO{G;, 6fen Ph]G;L cflb_ / phf{ -hnljB't pTkfbg,
k|;f/0f / ljt/0f cflb_ nufot ;]jf If]qsf C0fLn] shf{ k'g/tflnsLs/0f jf k'g/;+/rgf ug{ rfx]df
b]xfosf cfwf/df a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] Psk6ssf nflu Psjif{;Dd shf{ e'QmfgL cjlw yk x'g] u/L
shf{ k'g/tflnsLs/0f jf k'g/;+/rgf ug{ ;Sg]5g\ M
-s_ shf{nfO{ k'g/tflnsLs/0f jf k'g/;+/rgf ug{ C0fLsf] lnlvt sfo{ of]hgf k]z ug'{kg]{,
-v_ shf{ ltg]{ Ifdtfdf cfPsf] x|f;sf af/] ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf cfZj:t ePsf] x'g'kg{], /
-u_ o; Aoj:yf adf]lhd shf{ k'g/tflnsLs/0f jf k'g/;+/rgf ubf{ @)&@ r}t d;fGt ;Dddf ul/
;Sg'kg]{ .
cfjlws shf{nfO{ k'g/tflnsLs/0f jf k'g/;+/rgf ubf{ To:tf] shf{df kfs]sf] JofhnfO{ k"FhLs/0f u/L
cfDbfgL n]vfg ug{ ;lsg]5 . o;/L n]vfg ul/Psf] cfDbfgL /sd, shf{ /sd k'0f{?kdf r'tmf gx'~h]n
afF8kmf8 gu/L 5'} sf]if v8fu/L /fVg' kg]{5 .
o; Joj:Yff adf]lhd k'g/tflnsLs/0f ul/Psf shf{nfO{ c;n ju{s} shf{sf] ?kdf juL{s/0f ug{
;lsg]5 / juL{s/0f ul/Psf shf{x?sf] ljj/0f 5'} tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
u_ cfDbfgLvr{ n]vfg ug]{ ;DaGwdf

390
 cf=j= @)&@&# sf] bf]>f] qodf;sf] Aofh cfDbfgL n]vfg ug]{ k|of]hgsf nflu @)&@ k';
dlxgf;Dddf kfs]sf] Aofh @)&@ df3 d;fGt ;Dddf k|fKt ePdf ;f] /sd cf=j= @)&@&# sf] bf]>f]
qodf;sf] gfkmf gf]S;fg lx;fjdf cfDbfgL hgfpg ;lsg]5 .
3_ u|]; cjlw ;DaGwdf
xfn pTkGg c;xh kl/l:yltsf sf/0f pBf]u, Jofkf/, lzIff, :jf:Yo, ko{6g -xf]6n, Po/nfO{G;, 6fen
Ph]G;L cflb_ / phf{ -hnljB't pTkfbg, k|;f/0f / ljt/0f cflb_ nufot ;]jf If]qsf lgdf{0ffwLg
kl/of]hgfsf] lgdf{0f ;DkGg x'g yk ;do nfUg] ePdf jf kl/of]hgf ;DkGg eO ls:tf e'QmfgL z'? x'g]
cj:yfdf u|]; cjlw ;dfKt ePtfklg a9Ldf Psjif{sf] u|]; cjlw yk ug{ ;lsg]5 . u|]; cjlwdf Aofh
k"FhLs/0f u/L cfDbfgL afFlwPsf] Aofh /sdnfO{ gfkmf gf]S;fg afF8kmfF8 vftf dfkm{t k"FhL ;dfof]hg
sf]ifdf /sdfGt/ ug'{kg]{5 .
_ l6=cf/=shf{ (Trust Receipt Loan) ;DaGwdf
of] lgb]{zg hf/L x'Fbfsf avt vf]nL ;lsPsf k|lttkqsf] cfwf/df k|jfx x'g] 6i6 l/l;K6 shf{ (TR
Loan) jf To:t} k|s[ltsf cfoft shf{ k|bfg ubf{ xfnsf] !@) lbg;Ddsf] cjlwnfO a9fO{ @)&# c;f/
d;fGt leq c;'n pk/ x'g] u/L !*) lbg;Ddsf] cjlw sfod u/L shf{ k|jfx ug{ ;lsg]] Joj:yf
ul/Psf] 5 .

ejbLo,

-pk]Gb| s'df/ kf}8]n_

sf=d'= sfo{sf/L lgb]{zs

391
 g]kfn /fi6 a}+s
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] zL3| ;'wf/fTds sf/jfxL ;DaGwL ljlgodfjnL, @)&$

g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf !!) sf] pkbkmf -@_ sf] v08 -9@_ n] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L g]kfn
/fi6 a}+ssf] ;~rfns ;ldltn] b]xfosf ljlgodx? agfPsf] 5 .
!= ;+lIfKt gfd / k|f/DeM -!_ oL ljlgodx?sf] gfd g]kfn /fi6 a}+s, a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] zL3|
;'wf/fTds sf/jfxL ;DaGwL ljlgodfjnL, @)&$ /x]sf] 5 .
-@_ of] ljlgodfjnL g]kfn /fi6 a}+ssf] ;~rfns ;ldltn] :jLs[t u/]sf] ldltb]lv nfu' x'g]5 .24
@= kl/efiffM ljifo jf k|;n] csf]{ cy{ gnfu]df o; ljlgodfjnLdf
-s_ P]g eGgfn] g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* ;Demg' k5{ .
-v_ /fi6 a}+s eGgfn] P]gsf] bkmf # adf]lhd :yfkgf ePsf] g]kfn /fi6 a}+s ;Demg' k5{ .
-u_ ;ldlt eGgfn] P]gsf] bkmf !$ adf]lhd u7g ePsf] /fi6 a}+ssf] ;~rfns ;ldlt ;Demg' k5{ .
-3_ ueg{/ eGgfn] P]gsf] bkmf !% adf]lhd lgo'Qm /fi6 a}+ssf] ueg{/ ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] P]gsf]
bkmf @& adf]lhd sfod d'sfod d's// ePsf] ueg{/ ;d]tnfO{ hgfpFg]5 .
-_ 8]k'6L ueg{/ eGgfn] P]gsf] bkmf !^ adf]lhd lgo'Qm /fi6 a}+ssf] 8]k'6L ueg{/ ;Demg' k5{ .
-r_ gLlt lgb]{zg sfof{Gjog ;ldlt eGgfn] g]kfn /fi6 a}+s, lg/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0f ljlgodfjnL
@)%( sf] ljlgod #$ adf]lhd ;DalGwt 8]k'6L ueg{/sf] ;++of]hsTjdf ul7t ;ldltnfO{ ;Demg'
k5{ .
-5_ ;'kl/j]If0f ljefu eGgfn] /fi6 a}+s cGtu{tsf] ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefu ;Demg' k5{ .
-h_ a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yf eGgfn] /fi6 a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yf ;Demg' k5{ .
-em_ sfo{sf/L k|d'v eGgfn] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)&# sf] bkmf @( adf]lhd lgo'Qm
;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] sfo{sf/L k|d'v ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf]
sfo{sf/L k|d'vsf] ?kdf sfd ug]{ cGo kbflwsf/L ;d]tnfO{ hgfpFg]5 .
-`_ k'FhLsf]if cg'kft eGgfn] /fi6 a}+saf6 tf]lsP adf]lhd u0fgf ul/Psf] k'FhLsf]if cg'kftnfO{ ;Demg'
k5{ / ;f] zAbn] k"FhL kof{Kttf ;+/rgf, @)&@ -Capital Adequacy Framework, 2015_ cGtu{t
tf]lsPsf] akm/ k"FhL afx]ssf] Go"gtd s"n k"FhL -Minimum Total Capital excluding Conservation
Buffer_ cg'kftnfO{ hgfpg]5 .
#= k'FhLsf]if cg'kft ;DaGwL lgb]{zgx?sf] kfngf gePdf x'g] zL3| ;'wf/fTds sf/jfxLx?M
/fi6 a}+sn] tf]s]sf] Go'gtd k'FhLsf]if cg'kft sfod ug{ g;s]sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ b]xfo
adf]lhdsf] ;'wf/fTds sf/jfxLx? tTsfn ul/g]5 M
-s_ /fi6 a}+sn] tf]s]sf] Go"gtd k"FhLsf]if cg'kfteGbf a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] sfod u/]sf] k'FhLsf]if
cg'kft kRrL; k|ltzt;Ddn] sd ePdf
-c_ ;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] pRr Joj:yfkg;Fu ;'wf/sf sfo{qmd ;DaGwdf 5nkmn
u/L 5nkmnsf ljifoj:t'nfO{ clen]vsf] ?kdf /fVg] .
-cf_ ;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] k'FhL j[l4 -Recapitalization_ ug{ k'FhL of]hgf dfu ug]{ .
-O_ gub nfef+z tyf af]g; z]o/ 3f]if0ff ug{ /f]s nufpg] .
-O{_ gofF zfvf vf]Ng /f]s nufpg] .

24
ldlt @)&$)!!( df a;]sf] ;~rfns ;ldltsf] a}7s ;+Vof @@)&$ af6 :jLs[t .

392
 -p_ ;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf ;~rfnssf] eQf tyf ;'ljwf / k|d'v sfo{sf/L nufot
pRr Joj:yfkgsf] tna, eQf tyf ;'ljwf a[l4df /f]s nufpg] .
-v_ /fi6 a}+sn] tf]s]sf] Go"gtd k"FhLsf]if cg'kfteGbf a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] sfod u/]sf] k'FhLsf]if
cg'kft kRrL; k|ltzteGbf a9L krf; k|ltzt;Ddn] sd ePdf
-c_ v08 -s_ adf]lhdsf sf/jfxLx? ug]{ .
-cf_ lgIf]k kl/rfng tyf shf{ sf/f]af/sf] s'n /sddf ;Ldf sfod ug]{ . 3 ju{sf n3'ljQ
ljQLo ;+:yfsf] xsdf lgIf]kjrt / cGo a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfaf6 lng] C0f;fk6Ldf
;Ldf sfod ug]{ .
-O_ gofF Joj;flos lqmofsnfk ;~rfng ug{ /f]s nufpg] .
-O{_ vl/b jf lnh k|lqmof dfkm{t\ yk l:y/ ;DklQ k|fKt ug'{k"j{ /fi6 a}+ssf] :jLs[lt lng' kg]{ .
-p_ ;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ k|f]T;fxg eQf, ;+:yf 5f]8\bf lbg] cGo
;'ljwfdf j[l4, Joj:yfkg z'Ns a[l4 jf Joj:yfkgsf] thljhn] lbg ;Sg] cGo Ifltk"lt{ cflb
k|bfg ug{ /f]s nufpg] .
-u_ /fi6 a}+sn] tf]s]sf] Go"gtd k"FhLsf]if cg'kfteGbf a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] sfod u/]sf] k'FhLsf]if
cg'kft krf; k|ltzteGbf a9L krxQ/ k|ltzt;Ddn] sd ePdf
-c_ v08 -v_ adf]lhdsf sf/jfxLx? ug]{ .
-cf_ gofF lgIf]k vftf vf]Ng /f]s nufpg] . 3 ju{sf n3'ljQ ljQLo ;+:yfsf] xsdf gofF
lgIf]kjrt / cGo a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfaf6 C0f;fk6L lng /f]s nufpg] .
-O_ shf{ ;Ldf a[l4 ug{ tyf gofF shf{ k|jfx ug{ /f]s nufpg] .
-O{_ sd{rf/Lx?sf] tna, eQf tyf cGo cfly{s ;'ljwf j[l4df /f]s nufpg] .
-p_ /fi6 a}+ssf] :jLs[lt lnO{ pRr txsf] sd{rf/L egf{ ug{ afx]s ;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo
;+:yfdf cGo gofF sd{rf/L egf{ tyf a9'jfdf /f]s nufpg] .
-pm_ k'FhL kof{Kttf ;DaGwL sf/jfxL k|f/De ePsf] ldltn] 5 dlxgfleq tf]lsPsf] Go"gtd k'FhLsf]if
cg'kft sfod gePdf ;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf ;~rfns tyf sfo{sf/L k|d'vnfO{
P]gsf] bkmf !)) sf] pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhdsf sf/jfxLx? ug]{ .
-3_ /fi6 a}+sn] tf]s]sf] Go"gtd k"FhLsf]if cg'kfteGbf a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] sfod u/]sf] k'FhLsf]if
cg'kft krxQ/ k|ltzteGbf a9Ln] sd ePdf
-c_ v08 -u_ adf]lhdsf sf/jfxLx? ug]{ .
-cf_ ;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ ;d:ofu|:t 3f]if0ff u/L P]gsf] bkmf *^ cg'?ksf] sf/jfxL
k|f/De ug]{ .
-O_ ;d:ofu|:t 3f]if0ff u/]sf] 5 dlxgf;Dddf klg tf]lsPsf] Go"gtd k'FhLsf]if cg'kft sfod
gePdf a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ufEg] ufleg] -dh{/_ jf k|flKt -PlSjlhzg_ sf] k||lqmof z'?
ug]{ jf Ohfhtkq /2 ug]{ jf vf/]hLsf] k|lqmof z'? ug]{ .
-O{_ P]g /jf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)&# cg'?ksf cGo cfjZos sf/jfxLx? ug]{ .
$= sf/jfxLdf 5'6 x'g] cj:yfM ljlgod # cg';f/sf] zL3| ;'wf/fTds sf/jfxLx? ;a} s, v, u / 3
ju{sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?df ;dfg ?kdf nfu" x'g]5 .
t/ ljlgod # sf] v08 -s_ sf] pkv08 -O_ / -p_ tyf v08 -u_ sf] pkv08 -O{_ / -p_ afx]ssf zL3|
;'wf/fTds sf/jfxLx?df b]xfosf cj:yfx?df 5'6 k|bfg ug{ ;lsg]5M
-s_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] cGt/f{li6o bft[ lgsfox?sf] ;xof]u lnO{ /fi6 a}+s dfkm{t k'g/;+/rgfsf] k|lqmof
nfu" u/]sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] xsdf .
-v_ ;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] Joj:yfkg /jf ;~rfngnfO{ /fi6 a}+sn] k|ToIf lgoGq0fdf lnO{
;'wf/fTds sf/jfxL ;~rfng u/L /x]sf] cj:yfdf .

393
 -u_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)&# sf] bkmf &) Pjd\ a} tyf ljQLo ;+:yf Ps cfk;df
ufEg] ufleg] -dh{/_ tyf k|flKt -PlSjlhzg_ ;DaGwL ljlgodfjnL, @)&# df ePsf k|fjwfgx k'/f
u/L ufEg ufleg -dh{/_ jf k|flKt -PlSjlhzg_ sf] ;}4flGts ;xdltsf nflu /fi6 a}+sdf lgj]bg
k]z u/]sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfxsf] xsdf .
t/ Ps cfk;df ufEg ufleg -dh{/_ jf k|flKt -PlSjlhzg_ sf] ;}4flGts ;xdltsf nflu lgj]bg
lbg] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] ljBdfg k'FhLsf]if hf]8\bf Go'gtd k'FhLsf]if cg'kft gk'Ug] ;+:yfsf]
xsdf of] 5'6 k|bfg x'g] 5}g . To;}u/L tf]lsPsf] cjlwleq ufEg] ufleg] -dh{/_ jf k|flKt
-PlSjlhzg_ sfo{ ;DkGg gu/]df ;f] cjlw kZrft\ of] 5'6 :jtM vf/]h ePsf] dflgg]5 .
%= ;'g'jfO{sf] cj;/M ljlgod # adf]lhdsf] sf/afxL ubf{ ;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ ;'g'jfO{sf] cj;/
lbO{g] 5 .
^= sf/jfxL ug]{ clVtof/LM ljlgod # sf] v08 -s_ adf]lhdsf zL3| ;'wf/fTds sf/jfxLx? ug]{ clVtof/L
;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefunfO{ x'g]5 . v08 -v_ tyf -u_ adf]lhdsf sf/afxLx? gLlt lgb]{zg sfof{Gjog
;ldltsf] l;kmfl/;df ueg{/sf] lg0f{oaf6 x'g]5 . v08 -3_ adf]lhdsf sf/afxLx? ;ldltsf] lg0f{oaf6
x'g]5 .
&= k|Tofof]lht clVtof/Lsf] k|of]uM o; ljlgodfjnL adf]lhd k|Tofof]lht clVtof/Lsf] k|of]u u/L sfo{ ubf{
;DalGwt kbflwsf/Ln] k|rlnt P]g, gLlt, lgod tyf /fi6 a}+sn] hf/L u/]sf lgb]{zgx?sf] clwgdf /xL ug'{
kg]{5 .
*= sfd sf/jfxLsf] ljj/0f k]z ug'{kg]{M o; ljlgodfjnL adf]lhd ePu/]sf sfd sf/jfxLsf] ljj/0f
;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefun] q}dfl;s ?kdf ;ldltsf] hfgsf/Lsf] nflu k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
(= ljlgodfjnLsf] JofVof tyf ;+zf]wgM -!_ o; ljlgodfjnLsf] sfof{Gjogsf] qmddf s'g} lljwf pTkGg
ePdf ;f]sf] JofVof ;ldltn] ug]{5 . ;ldltn] u/]sf] JofVof clGtd x'g]5 .
-@_ o; ljlgodfjnLdf s'g} ;+zf]wg ug'{ k/]df ;ldltn] ;+zf]wg ug]{5 .
!)= afwf c8\rg k'ms'jfM o; ljlgodfjnLsf] sfof{Gjogsf] qmddf s'g} afwf c8\rg cfPdf ;f] afwf c8\rg
k'msfpg] clwsf/ ueg{/nfO{ x'g]5 .
!!= aflemPdf lgliqmo x'g]M o; ljlgodfjnLsf Joj:yfx? g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%*, a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf
;DaGwL P]g, @)&# / ;f] cGtu{t ag]sf lgodx?;Fu aflemPdf aflemPsf] xb;Dd :jtM lgliqmo x'g]5 .
!@= vf/]hL tyf jrfpmM -!_ g]kfn /fi6 a}+s, a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] zL3| ;'wf/fTds sf/jfxL ;DaGwL
ljlgodfjnL, @)^$ vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 .
-@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd vf/]h ul/Psf] ljlgodfjnL adf]lhd a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] zL3|
;'wf/fTds sf/afxLsf] ;Gbe{df eP u/]sf sfd sf/jfxL tyf lg0f{ox? o;} ljlgodfjnL adf]lhd eP
u/]sf] dflgg]5 .

394