Congruency and Geometric Proofs

Part 1: Proving Theorems about Lines and Angles

Corresponding Angles Postulate

A postulate is .
Definition: If two lines are and they are cut by a ,
then the are .
Vertical Angle Theorem

label the Vertical Angles with X and Y

Proof:
Assume that A and B are both straight lines
Prove: 1 3; 2 4

A B
1
4 2
3

Statement Reason
1. 1.

2. 2.
3. 3.
4. 4.
5. 5.
6. 6.

DEFINITION: angles are !

 Congruency and Geometric Proofs

Alternate Interior Angles Theorem

Label the alternate interior angles with X and Y

Proof:
Given: A II B; C is a transversal of A and B
Prove: 3 6; 4 5
A 1 2

3 4

B 5 6

7 8

C
Statement Reason

1. 1.
2. 2.

3. 3.
4. 4.
5. 5.
DEFINITION: are !
IF and only if two parallel lines are cut by a transversal.
 Congruency and Geometric Proofs

Independent Study Work

 Congruency and Geometric Proofs

9)

y= .
10)
 Congruency and Geometric Proofs

Part 2: Proving Theorems about Triangles

Triangle Sum Theorem

All angles of a triangle add up to

Proof:
Given: A II B
Prove: 2+ 5+ 6 = 180
A

1 3
2

4 5 6 7 B

Statement Reason

1. 1.
2. 2.

3. 3.

4. 4.

Take the next piece of paper, which is blank, and pull out your protractor. Now, rip the
paper up in to smaller triangles, you can make 2 or 5 or 10! Now measure the angles and see
how they all will always add up to 180 !
Congruency and Geometric Proofs
 Congruency and Geometric Proofs
Exterior Angle Theorem
Label the exterior (outside) angle of the triangle with an X.

Proof:
Given: 4 is an exterior angle of triangle ABC
A
Prove: 4 1 + 2 1

2 3 4 D
B
C
Statement Reason

1. 1.
2. 2.
3. 3.
4. 4.

DEFINITION: The of a triangle is equal to the of

the angles of the triangle! This is a handy trick for
proofs and finding angle values because we can find triangles everywhere!
 Congruency and Geometric Proofs
Isosceles Triangle Theorem

An Isosceles triangle has.

1. Two &
2. Two .

Question
Thinking about the properties of an isosceles triangle, what might be the
relationship between angles and sides in all triangles? Between multiple triangles?

Thoughts.

Answer...

.
 Congruency and Geometric Proofs

Independent Study Work

1)

x = ___________

2)

x = ___________

3)

x = ___________
 Congruency and Geometric Proofs

4)

x = ___________

5)

1 = _______________
2 = _______________
3 = _______________
4 = _______________
 Congruency and Geometric Proofs

6)

1 = _______________
2 = _______________
3 = _______________
4 = _______________
5 = _______________
 Congruency and Geometric Proofs

A
7) PROOF: Create a two column proof

Given: DE || BC; 1 3
Prove: 2 3
D 1 3 E

2
B C