OBESITY

Exercise 1

1. Why did the surgeon general call for change in policies from schools to fast food
industry?
Answer : to trim americans waistlines.
2. What happened to 300.000 people in a year?
Answer : Some 300.000 people a year die from illness directly caused or worsened by
being overweight.
3. What was warned by surgeon general, david satcher?
Answer : The toll threatens to wipe out progress fighting cancer and heart disease, and
could even exceed cigarettes harm, surgeon general David Satcher warned.
4. How many percent are the rate of overweight in adults and children from the past three
decades?
Answer : 60 percent and 13 percent.
5. What reason cause the overweight rate steadily increased?
Answer : People eat more calories too often by shunning fruit and vegetables in favor
of super-sized junk food than they work off.
6. What did satcher claim on obesity treatment?
Answer : Satcher said a key is treating obesity not just as a personal responsibility but
one shared by the community and industry.
7. Satcher recommended four recommendation. In his first recommendation, he mentioned
about physical education. What does it mean?
Answer : Schools must provide healthier food options, and better enforce federal rules
restricting students access to junk food in the vending machines present in most middle
and high schools.
8. What does agricultural department rule on school lunches?
Answer : Agriculture Department rules say school lunches should contain no more than
30 percent fat but the national average is 34 percent, and a recent survey found just 20
percent of high school lunches provide proper vitamin levels.
9. Why does the poor tend to be fattest among others?
Answer : because fast food crowding out access to healthier foods in inner cities. And
sometimes the most fattening foods are the cheapest.
10. What did satcher mean by saying, sometimes the most fattening foods are the cheapest?
 Answer : Inexpensive foods tend to have less nutrition and most use ingredients that are
unfit for consumption

Exercise 2

1. Do the genetic factors play an important role in the case of obesity? Why?
Answer: Excessive calorie consumption. Because people prefer fast food compared to
nutritious foods, such as fruits and vegetables.
2. In his recommendation, satcher mentioned about safe playground for citizen to have
physical activities. What was his actual purpose if his statement?
Answer: The statement aims to make our body healthy and able to control weight.
Because when we do not do physical activity, our body tends to get excessive caloric
intake than its use, the unused calories will be stored as fat. Another case if we are active
exercise, our body will need more calories, so stored body fat will be burned to be
converted into energy.

Exercise 3

Synonyms of the italized words in the following sentence

1. They substitute the old materials with the newest ones. Substitute = Replacement
2. Her sister becomes very fat after having her first baby boy. Very fat = Overweight
3. The children mortality rates have been constantly increased due to the improvement in
children health and care services. Constantly = Always
4. The school Administrator had announced the requirements for the next year students
registration. Announced = Informed
5. The spreading of the diseases has been successfully overcome by limiting the food
supply from the nearest epidemic area. Limiting = Restricting

Exercise 4

She had a problem with her body obesity since she was sixteen years old. Starting
from her bad habit of consuming sweets and high calories food in the excessive amount her
body weight become heavier and heavier from time to time. When she was only twenty years
old, her body weight had reached over a hundred kilograms. Her weight problem becoming
more and more complicated when she could not control her eating habit. It steadily increased
from time to time, and she had never stopped eating to suffer from her hunger.

Exercise 5

A. Define the following terms.

1. Overweight : having more body fat than is optimally healthy.
2. Recommendation : giving suggestion, advice or idea
3. Junk-food : cheap food with low nutrition fact
4. Calories A unit of measure to express energy
5. Proper vitamin levels : Needs vitamins in the body
B. Make a sentences
1. Overweight and obesity is an excess of excess body fat in the that can interfere with
overall health.
2. for people wh are overweight are recommended to reduce food intake to achieve
ideal body weight.
3. The most contains of junk foods are saturated that could affect cell on the brain, it
called neurotransmitter.
4. In 100 gram of rice there are 40 calories.
5. Our body needs the proper vitamin levels to stay healthy

Exercise 6

This child asked his mother, Could I go to the airport, too?

She had said that she could come, but she hasnt turned up yet.

After he had the operation, he could walk again.

She could jump quite high when she was only nine years old.

Could you lend me your cigarette lighter, please? I couldnt fine mine.

You couldnt do it if you will only put your mind to it.

They couldnt have missed the way. I drew a map for them to follow.
No matter how hard I try, I couldnt help worrying about it.

Well, what the doctor has said could be true but I dont really think so, I said.

I couldnt see nothing in this dark room. Could you please turn the light on?

Exercise 7

1. If I have nothing to do, I would visit you.

2. He said he would repair it for you without any payment. But I think that you should pay
him.
3. If you had taken the medicine, it might have cured your cough.
4. She said that she would go to the seaside for the holiday.
5. It should be informed that this road would be closed to traffic for at least a week.
6. Ill write to her so that she should know when to expect us.
7. I might worry if I were you, I told the anxious woman.
8. You should see a doctor about it; otherwise, your illness would get worse.
9. If we run, we might catch the bus.
10. You should not worry about his condition. The medical team would arrive in a moment.
Exercise 8

1. He said that he would give me the money next week

would means able to (showing sense of probability)

2. The host said that I might do as I pleased

Might means able to (showing past ability)

3. His argument could be right, he mastered the subject very well.

Could means able to (showing past ability)

4. You should come earlier for the meeting. You are the committee
Should means able to ( showing past obligation)

5. It might right be rain last night but the ground isnt wet this morning
Might means able to (showing past possibility)
Exercise 9

Smoking Habit

Indonesia is one of the world's tobacco supply countries and has been exported
abroad. In addition, more state revenues are obtained from tobacco.
Ironically, many young Indonesians have tried smoking or even been addicted to
smoking. Starting from elementary school (SD) to high school (high school), be it male or
female teenagers. Though smoking can cause dependence, seen in most smokers will feel a
strange thing in him when one day does not smoke. In addition, smoking can also lead to
several kinds of health problems, such as heart disease, cancer, bone prone, and others.
There are several things that need to be done to be able to reduce one's smoking
habit. For example by looking for a positive work, getting healthy lifestyles, avoiding stress,
drinking lots of water, and the most important thing is to make a determination to quit
smoking.

Digestive System
Exercise 1

1. What does digestion mean?

 Digestion is a metabolic process whereby a living being processes a
substance, in order to convert chemically or mechanically a substance into a
nutrient.
2. What links the esophagus and the mouth?
The esophagus and the mouth are linked by the saliva.
3. What is the functiun of saliva?
The function of saliva is to become mixed with the pieces of food,which
makes them slippery and easy to swallow.
4. Why can we eat and drink no matter which position we are in?
Because the muscular squeenzing called peristalistis.
5. why is it difficult for astronauts to eat when they are in space? Because food is
pushed by muscles through the digestive system and does not need to rely on
gravity.
6. How can stomach break up and mix the food?
By the muscular wall which cause a churning action that breaks up the
food and mixes it.
7. What is the hydrochloric acid for? Digest protein and sterilize the food.
8. What is a stomach?explain briefly. The stomach is a hollow organ such as a thick,
muscular walled pouch and j-shaped bag, which a store for the food we eat and
also is the place where digestion really stars.
9. How long does the stomach get rid of the content? Two to six hours
10. what kind of food does the stomach get rid of first? Food rich in carbohydrates such
as sugar, bread and potatoes.
11. After the food is processed in the stomach, where does it go ? in the small intestine
12. How can food nourish the whole body? By eating foods that are nutritious and
good for the digestion of our bodies.
13. How long is the large intestine? Is about five feet.

Exercise 2

Mouth-Throat-Esophagus-Stomach-Small Intestine-Colon-Rectum-Anus

Exercise 3

1. What will happen to you it one of your digestive organs gets damaged?
The body cannot be nourished or id self of waste.
2. What factors can cause someone to have a problem with his/her digestive system?
Irregular eating, excessive eating habits and food poisoning
3. Make a summary of the passage.
Mouth-Throat-Esophagus-Stomach-Small Intestine-Colon-Rectum-Anus

Exercise 4

a. to open hurting part of the inside or outside body ( ulcer )

b. to make a liquid weaker by adding some other liquids ( dilute )
c. organ that makes substances which the body expels ( gland )
 d. unable to process the food in the stomach ( indigestion )
e. to crush the food with the teeth ( chew)
f. to take in ( absorb )
g. the rough part of fruit ( roughage )
h. outer covering of grain ( bran)
i. injure a muscle by stretching it too much ( strain)
j. to force something with or through small pieces ( squeenze )

Exercise 6

Add the correct form of "there/is/are/was/were" or "it/is was" to the following

statements.

1. It is time to have a further diagnose for his disease.

2. There is a little sugar left in the can.
3. There were still some empty chairs in the theatre when I arrived.
4. It is have to say the truth.
5. There was an accident last night", said Tina to me.
6. There are some students, reading the books in the library now.
7. It is Dr. Adam who will lead the surgery.
8. It was long time since we last met.
9. There are some problerns left by the old manager for the company.
10. It was Mr. Smith who called you last night.

Exercise 7

Complete the following sentences with your own sentence.

1. It is necessary for us to study

2. There was a strange case when cooking
3. it was Tom who friend
4. There are many students who skipping
5. There were some of my friends in state university
6. it is quite far from famous
7. It was cold when once
8. There is a trouble in....
9. There was a boy at bathroom
10. It is six o'clock when morning