BY

MS TAYYABA BANO
CORROSION AND DEGRADATION

ISSUES TO ADDRESS...
Why does corrosion occur?

What metals are most likely to corrode?

How do temperature and environment affect

corrosion rate?

How do we suppress corrosion?

GALVANIC SERIES
Ranks the reactivity of metals/alloys in seawater
more cathodic

Platinum
Gold
(inert)

Graphite
Titanium
Silver
316 Stainless Steel Based on Table 17.2, Callister
Nickel (passive) 6e. (Source of Table 17.2 is
M.G. Fontana, Corrosion
Copper Engineering, 3rd ed.,
Nickel (active) McGraw-Hill Book Company,
1986.)
Tin
more anodic

Lead
(active)

316 Stainless Steel

Iron/Steel
Aluminum Alloys
Cadmium
Zinc
Magnesium
FORMS

Of

C
O
R
R
O
S
I
O
N
 Stress corrosion
Stress & corrosion Erosion-
Erosion-corrosion
work together Break down of passivating
Uniform Attack at crack tips.
Oxidation & reduction layer by erosion (pipe
occur uniformly over elbows).
surface. Pitting
Selective Leaching Downward propagation
Preferred corrosion of of small pits & holes.
one element/constituent
(e.g., Zn from brass (Cu-Zn)).

Intergranular
Corrosion along
grain boundaries,
often where special Galvanic
phases exist. Dissimilar metals are
Crevice Between two
pieces of the same metal.
g.b.
physically joined. The
prec. more anodic one Rivet holes
corrodes.(see Table
attacked 17.2) Zn & Mg
zones
very anodic.
CONTROLLING CORROSION
CONTROLLING CORROSION
Self-protecting metals! Metal oxide
Metal (e.g., Al,
--Metal ions combine with O2 stainless steel)
to form a thin, adhering oxide layer that slows corrosion.
Reduce T (slows kinetics of oxidation and reduction)
Add inhibitors
--Slow oxidation/reduction reactions by removing reactants
(e.g., remove O2 gas by reacting it w/an inhibitor).
--Slow oxidation reaction by attaching species to
the surface (e.g., paint it!).
Cathodic (or sacrificial) protection
--Attach a more anodic material to the one to be protected.
THANK YOU