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Design of Antennas-II
Conducting wire
Axis of helix
Small Helical
Antenna Loop antenna
Short dipole
There is only one major lobe in this mode of operation and it lies
along the axis of helix. To excite this mode D & S should be large
fractions of wavelength. Since dimensions of the antenna are not very
critical in this mode of operation, it achieves high bandwidths
3 C 4 0
, S , 120 140
4 0 3 4 Dr. Yogesh Kumar Choukiker
9
Helical Antenna
The input impedance of a helical antenna in axial mode is
C
R 140
0
The half power beam width is given as
0 3 / 2
HPBW 52
C NS
The first null beam width is given as
0 3 / 2
FNBW 115
C NS
And the directivity as C 2S
D0 15 N 3
10 0 Dr. Yogesh Kumar Choukiker
Helical Antenna
The axial ratio for increased directivity is
2N 1
AR
2N
The normalized far-field pattern is given by
sinN / 2
E sin cos
2N sin / 2
L0
where k0 S cos
p
18. Design a five turn helical antenna which at 400 MHz operates in
the normal mode. The spacing between the turns is 0/50. It is
desired that the antenna possesses circular polarization.
Determine
(a) Circumference of the helix (b) Length of a single turn
(c) Overall length of the entire helix (d) Pitch angle