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Reference Guide
North America
Employees: 7,000 Europe
Manufacturing Sites: 34 Employees: 1,700
R&D/Tech Centers: 8 Manufacturing Sites: 14
R&D/Tech Centers: 8
Asia Pacific
Latin America and Other Employees: 1,500
Employees: 300 Manufacturing Sites: 5
Manufacturing Sites: 2 R&D/Tech Centers: 8
R&D/Tech Centers: 5
Worldwide
Employees: ~10,500
Manufacturing Sites: 55
R&D/Tech Centers: 29
P
VP: high polarity, dispersancy, hydrophilicity, adhesion, Cellulose Ethers
cohesivity and high Tg. Cellulose ethers are divided into ionic and nonionic
PVP/VA: thermoplasticity, oxygen permeability, varying
types. The ionic cellulose ethers, Aqualon/Blanose/
hydrophilicity and adhesion. Bondwell/AquaVIS sodium carboxymethylcellulose,
contain substituents that are anionic electrically
Ganex/Antaron copolymers: hydrophobicity, an emulsifier
charged. Nonionic cellulose ethers include Natrosol
and dispersant for nonaqueous systems.
hydroxyethylcellulose, Benecel and Culminal/
Gafquat copolymer: basicity, substantivity and high charge
Combizell methylhydroxyethylcellulose, methylcellulose and
density. methylhydroxypropylcellulose, Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose
P
olectron/Antara copolymers: thickening and opacifying and Aqualon ethylcellulose and carry electrically neutral
emulsion. substituents. Nonionic cellulose ethers can be further classified
by their solubility in cold, warm or hot water, and in organic
Ashland also offers polymers based on V-Cap reactive solvents.
monomer. These include vinylcaprolactam homopolymers,
copolymers with vinylpyrrolidone and terpolymers containing Cellulose is a polysaccharide composed of anhydroglucose
both lactam monomers and dimethylaminoalkylene- units, which are linked through beta-glycosidic bonds. The
methacrylate or -methacrylamide. These polymers are generally number n of anhydroglucose units in the polymer chain is
more hydrophobic than the V-Pyrol reactive monomer- defined as the degree of polymerization (DP).
based products mentioned above but offer many of the
functional properties inherent in the lactam ring. Among Each anhydroglucose ring carries three free OH groups
other applications, Inhibex polymers are highly efficient as at positions 2, 3 and 6. Ethers of cellulose are formed by
inhibitors of gas hydrate formation. substituting one or more of the three hydroxyl groups. The
distribution of the substituents introduced onto the polymer
A range of alternating copolymers based on methylvinylether chain is largely determined by the relative reactivity of these
and maleic anhydride are produced by Ashland: three OH groups.
The Gantrez AN family of methylvinylether/maleic The number of substituted hydroxyl groups per
anhydride copolymers is characterized by aprotic polar anhydroglucose unit is expressed as DS or average degree of
solvent solubility and reaction with protic compounds such substitution. The DS can vary between 0 and 3. In the case of
as water, alcohols and amines with facile film formation. alkoxylation, the molar ratio of alkoxy groups in the side chains
The hydrolyzed Gantrez S polycarboxylic acid resins to cellulose is specified and expressed as the average molecular
function as dispersants, divalent cation binding agents and substitution (MS). Instead of DS and MS, the weight percent of
the substituents in the cellulose ether is often quoted. The use
polymeric acidifiers.
of one etherification agent in the substitution process results in
a simple cellulose ether, whereas using different kinds of agents
leads to mixed ethers. Industrial cellulose ethers are alkyl,
alkylhydroxyalkyl, hydroxyalkyl and carboxyalkyl ethers.
Applications Applications
Soil penetrant and softener in hard-surface cleaners, laundry High-boiling solvent for polymers and hydrophobic
prespotters and metal cleaning. substances.
Wetting agent for dish washing, industrial and institutional Substitute for fluorocarbon surfactants used for oil well
cleaners. stimulation.
Isopropyl alcohol replacement in fountain solutions. Additive in hand or automatic dish washing detergents.
Solvent for polymers and hydrophobic substances. Ingredient in pressure-sensitive adhesives.
Pigment dispersion aid and pigment conditioning solvent.
Physical Properties
Component of photoresist strippers.
Boiling point 145 C @ 0.2 mm Hg
Wetting agent for aqueous systems.
Flash point 116 C
Component in microemulsifying systems.
Freezing point 10 C
Physical Properties Viscosity 17 cP @ 25 C
Boiling point 100 C @ 0.3 mm Hg Minimum equilibrium surface tension 26 mN/m @ 20 ppm
Vapor pressure <0.001 mm Hg @ 25 C
Chemistry
Flash point 113 C
Surfadone LP-300 wetting agent is sparingly soluble in water
Freezing point -25 C (0.02 weight percent) and soluble in most organic solvents. It is
Viscosity 8 cP @ 20 C a low-foaming, nonionic surfactant with an HLB of 3 and has no
critical micelle concentration. Like its lower homolog, Surfadone
Minimum equilibrium surface tension 28 mN/m @ LP-300 wetting agent interacts with anionic surfactants
1200 ppm forming mixed micelles that greatly enhance its solubility,
Minimum dynamic surface tension 35 mN/m @ resulting in a synergistic surface tension reduction and wetting
10 bubbles/sec enhancement. Appropriate combinations of Surfadone LP-
300 wetting agent and anionic surfactants produce viscous
Chemistry solutions and gels.
Surfadone LP-100 wetting agent is a low-foaming, nonionic
rapid wetting agent with an HLB of 6 and having no critical
micelle concentration. Due to the electron delocalized lactam
ring, Surfadone LP-100 wetting agent interacts with anionic
surfactant micelles. This greatly enhances its water solubility,
resulting in a synergistic surface tension reduction and wetting
enhancement at low concentrations.
Benefits
Faster wetting.
Lower use levels.
Low contact angles.
Improved spreading on most surfaces.
Better equilibrium surface tension.
Enhanced cleaning performance.
Physical Properties
Physical form Clear liquid
pH (10 wt% aq.) 4.0-6.0
Viscosity 15-30 cP @ 25 C
Specific gravity @ 25 C 0.92-0.95
Chemistry
Easy-Wet 20 wetting agent is a proprietary super-wetting agent
in a convenient-to-use liquid form. Easy-Wet 20 wetting agent
is a cost-effective premium wetter/surfactant suitable for HI&I
cleaning, textiles, pigments and other industrial applications
where superior wetting and spreading performance is required.
Applications Applications
Reactive diluent for radical initiated UV radiation curing used Reactive diluent for radical-initiated UV radiation curing used
in vinyl flooring, wood coatings, release coatings, inks, etc. in inks (especially silkscreening), vinyl flooring, wood coatings,
Numerous conventional polymerizations to generate an release coatings, etc.
array of materials with a variety of properties as noted in the Conventional polymerizations to generate materials that
following polymer section. have more hydrophobic character than analogous V-Pyrol
Gafgard 233 formulated UV-curable coating containing
vinylpyrrolidone based products.
V-Pyrol vinylpyrrolidone and a multifunctional acrylate is
Physical Properties
used to impart high levels of abrasion resistance to coatings
for plastic lenses, protective window films, credit cards, etc. Boiling point 116 C @ 10 mm Hg
Melting point 35 C
Physical Properties
Vapor pressure <0.1 mm Hg @ 20 C
Boiling point 193 C @ 400 mm Hg
Flash point 114 C
Melting point 13 C
Viscosity 3.5 cP @ 40 C
Vapor pressure <0.10 mm Hg @ 20 C
Flash point 96 C Chemistry
Viscosity 2 cP @ 25 C V-Cap vinylcaprolactam is a pale yellow crystalline solid
stabilized with 10 ppm N,N-di-sec-butyl p-phenylenediamine
Chemistry and having chemical reactivity characteristics similar to those
V-Pyrol vinylpyrrolidone is a clear liquid stabilized with insoluble cited for V-Pyrol vinylpyrrolidone. Polymers synthesized from
sodium hydroxide or soluble N,N-di-sec-butyl-p- V-Cap vinylcaprolactam are significantly more hydrophobic
phenylenediamine. The latter inhibitor is supplied in V-Pyrol than their V-Pyrol vinylpyrrolidone analogs but still exhibit the
vinylpyrrolidone at concentrations of 25 ppm and at 100 ppm, adhesiveness, strength and complexing capability characteristic
respectively, for radiation curing and nonradiation curing of the lactam functionality. As with V-Pyrol vinylpyrrolidone,
applications. This monomer is known to be a supercooled liquid V-Cap vinylcaprolactam is a super-cooled liquid and can remain
well below its freezing point of 13 C. It can remain as a liquid as a liquid at room temperature for extended periods. Rapid,
at room temperature for extended periods. Rapid, exothermic exothermic crystallization under these conditions should not be
crystallization under these conditions should not be confused with confused with bulk polymerization.
bulk polymerization. V-Cap vinylcaprolactam accelerates UV curing rates as the
V-Pyrol vinylpyrrolidone accelerates UV curing rates as the reactive reactive diluent. Typically formulated with an acrylate oligomer,
diluent. Typically formulated with an acrylate oligomer, it imparts it imparts unique solution viscosity reduction and enhanced
its unique solution viscosity reduction and enhanced adhesion adhesion to nonpolar substrates. The activated double bond of
to nonpolar substrates. The activated double bond of V-Pyrol V-Cap vinylcaprolactam facilitates its use in free radical homo-
vinylpyrrolidone facilitates its use in free radical homo- and and copolymerizations and grafting reactions. The products of
copolymerizations and grafting reactions. The products of these these reactions are either linear or crosslinked homopolymers
reactions are either linear or crosslinked homopolymers and and nonionic, anionic and cationic copolymers. Polymers from
nonionic, anionic and cationic copolymers. Polymers from V-Pyrol V-Cap vinylcaprolactam are amorphous, and the caprolactam
vinylpyrrolidone are amorphous, and the pyrrolidone ring imparts ring imparts hydrophobicity, adhesiveness, strength and
hydrophilicity, adhesiveness, strength and complexing capability. complexing capability.
Rapi-cure DV E-3 is a reactive diluent/monomer for free radical Rapi-cure HBVE is a reactive intermediate for use as a
curable coatings and printing inks. It provides benefits and diluent/monomer requiring rapid cure rate and increased
properties for cationic systems. hydrophobicity.
Applications Applications
Difunctional reactive diluent. Dual functionality.
Cationic systems with epoxy and vinyl ether functional Reactive diluent in UV-curable coatings and inks and as
oligomers. cement additives.
Good solvency for onium salt photoinitiators. Acrylic acid modifier for improving rheological profile.
Imparts flexibility to cured films. Imparts flexibility and reactivity.
Facilitates pigment wetting/dispersion.
Physical Properties
Charge transfer systems with unsaturated polyester
Physical Form Colorless liquid with mild odor
oligomers for wood coatings.
Purity 99.0%
Free radical and hybrid systems with acrylate oligomers.
Stabilized with 0.01% KOH
Physical Properties Boiling point 95 C @ 20 mm Hg
Physical Form Colorless liquid with mild odor Flash point 85 C
Purity 98.5% and 96% Freezing point - 39 C
Boiling point 120-126 C @ 18 mm Hg Viscosity 5 mPas @ 25 C
Freezing point - 8 C Refractive index 1.4620 @ 25 C
Flash point 119 C Skin irriation Mild
Viscosity 3 mPas @ 25 C
Refractive index 1.4695 @ 25 C
Tg of homopolymer 20 C
Skin irritation Minimal
Concentration
Solid Powder
Available as
Brookfield
(GPC/MALLS)
Molecular
more properties inherent in the polymer, typically due to the
Viscosity
@ 25 oC
Weight
cP as is
Grade
PVP
lactam ring.
Physical Properties
Physical form 10-12% aqueous solution
Brookfield viscosity 5,000-20,000 cP as supplied
650 cP @ 5% solids
Molecular weight 600,000-800,000 (GPC)1
1,500,000-2,000,000 (MALLS)
Tg 174 C
Chemistry
ViviPrint 540 is produced by a proprietary in-situ process
resulting in a two-phase matrix consisting of soluble PVP and
nanoscale PVP particles approximately 320 nm in size. This
unique matrix allows for high viscosity, greater flexibility, better
adhesion, curl resistance and improved water fastness in inkjet
media compared to PVP K-90.
1
Determined relative to polyethylene oxide standards.
1,000
Viscosity Protocol
100 Viscometer: Brookfield DV-II+
Spindle: TD
Chemistry
RPM: 10
10 Time: 1 minute
Temperature: 25C
Disintex disintegrants are proprietary blends of PVPP, cellulose
and/or inert salts. They are used extensively as disintegrants
1
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 in laundry and dish washing detergent tablets, taking
Concentration (% w/w) advantage of their swell volumes. The cross-linked PVPP
Ethanol Water C12-15 Alkyl Lactate
homopolymers are highly hydrophilic and will rapidly absorb
water on contact to swell and create internal stress points that
70,000
will break up tablets.
60,000
Viscosity (cps)
50,000
40,000
30,000
Viscosity Protocol
Viscometer: Brookfield DV-II+
20,000 Spindle: TD
RPM: 10
10,000 Time: 1 minute
Temperature: 25C
0
0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0
pH
90,000
80,000
70,000
Viscosity (cps)
60,000
50,000
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Electrolyte Concentration (% w/w)
NaCl CaCl2 AlCl3
Viscosity Protocol
Viscometer: Brookfield DV-II+ Time: 1 minute
Spindle: TD Temperature: 25C
RPM: 10
PVPP Functionality
Disintegration.
Dispersion.
Complexation.
Adsorption.
Clarification.
1
Determined by GPC using polyethyleneoxide standard.
2
cP as is, @ 22-23 C, RVT #7, 30 rpm.
Applications
Digital printing media.
Settling agent for hard-surface cleaner (Setleze 3000 Applications
vinylpyrrolidone/dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamide Thickener for strong acid formulations such as toilet bowl
copolymer). cleaners.
Physical Properties Inkjet-receptive media.
Setleze 3000 Physical Properties
Styleze CC-10 vinylpyrrolidone/
(ViviPrint 131) vinylpyrrolidone/
Properties dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamide
copolymer
dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamide Physical form Slightly hazy aqueous solution
copolymer
Solids content 10% (W-10), 20% (W-20)
pH (as is) 6.0-8.0 6.5-7.8
Viscosity (cP) 10,000-35,000 6,000-24,000 pH (as is) 3.5-5.0
Mw 1,200,000-1,500,000 1,500,000-2,000,000 Viscosity <5000 cP (W-10)
Nanoparticles No Yes 40,000-100,000 cP (W-20)
Neutralized H2SO4 HCI Molecular weight 2,700,000
Tg 161 C 167 C
Tg 135 C
Chemistry Chemistry
These high molecular weight copolymers have a strong Styleze W polymers are random terpolymers of
affinity for anionically charged substrates, which can be vinylpyrrolidone, dimethylaminopropyl methacrylamide and
further enhanced through quaternization. They produce methacryloylaminopropyl lauryl dimethyl ammonium chloride.
transparent, flexible, high-gloss coatings with improved water They promote and stabilize foam through their ability to
resistance. Cross-linking significantly improves water resistance. reduce surface tension, have excellent adhesion to high-energy
Presence of the amide linkage imparts greater hydrolysis substrates, and are flexible, elastic, low-tack and heat-resistant
resistance. Compatible with nonionic, cationic and amphoteric films. Additional solution viscosity improvements can be
surfactants, soluble in ethanol and water, insoluble (Styleze achieved by the addition of salts. (Material is not listed on the US
CC-10 vinylpyrrolidone/dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamide EPA TSCA inventory.)
copolymer) and partially soluble (Setleze 3000 vinylpyrrolidone/
dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamide copolymer) in acetone.
Setleze vinylpyrrolidone/dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamide
copolymers are produced by a proprietary in-situ process
resulting in a two-phase matrix consisting of soluble copolymer
and nanoscale particles approximately 320 nm in size that
impart improved water resistance, light fastness and curl
resistance in digital media applications.
Applications
High-efficacy styling gels.
Rinse aid in automatic dish detergents.
Metal quenching.
Inkjet-receptive media.
Physical Properties
Physical form White free-flowing powder
Applications
Molecular weight 1,010,000 (MALLS)
Clear gels.
Tg 176 C
Emulsion stabilizers.
Chemistry
Physical Properties
Styleze 2000 is a high molecular weight, film-forming
anionic terpolymer composed of vinylpyrrolidone and an Physical form White, powder
acrylate backbone with a hydrophobic pendant C-12 chain. Acid number 340-390
It is insoluble in ethanol and water until neutralized for easy
Viscosity (1% aq., 75% neutralized) 35,000-65,000 cP
dispersion. It exhibits synergistic thickening when combined
with associative rheology modifiers. Chemistry
UltraThix P-100 is an anionic polymer. It is a shear-thinning
rheology modifier with high Brookfield yield to suspend
solids. Compatible with anionic, nonionic and some cationic
polymers. (Material is not listed on the US EPA TSCA inventory.)
Applications Applications
Film-forming polymer in hair styling products. Film-forming polymer in hair styling products.
Inkjet-receptive media. Inkjet-receptive media.
Applications
Soil release agent in laundry detergents, fabric softeners and
pre- and post-wash stain removers.
Ironing aid.
Physical Properties
Applications Physical form Slightly turbid amber liquid
Chemistry
Chromabond polymer contains betaine (S-100) functionalities.
Chromabond dye-complexing polymer is a premium dye
transfer inhibitor (DTI), developed and used in color-safe
laundry detergents. Chromabond polymer demonstrates
superior complexing of fugitive dyes at cost-effective levels
under different temperatures and surfactant environments.
Its chemical structure promotes dye complexation up to
60 C, while resisting interaction with anionic surfactants.
Chromabond polymer is soluble in water and water-alcohol
mixtures but insoluble in most other solvents.
NLS-200 25% No
Original Aquaflow NSAT KU builder
NLS-205 17.5% No2
Excellent flow and levelling
NLS-220 20% Yes
1
Low to high shear where BF=Brookfield, NJ, KU=Krebs Stormer, ICI=Cone and Plate.
2
Aquaflow NLS-205 contains a VOC-free carrier.
1
cSt 1% in MEK @ 25 C, Cannon Fenske, tube size 100.
2
SEC/LALLS detector.
Chemistry
Gantrez AN copolymers Gantrez AN copolymers contain alternating units of
Polymethylvinylether/maleic anhydride copolymer methylvinylether and maleic anhydride. The fundamental
character of this polymerization requires that a maleic
Applications anhydride unit must be adjacent to a methylvinylether unit
and vice versa, resulting in a true alternating copolymer.
Because of their unique chemical structure and reactivities,
As shown in the table above, Gantrez AN (anhydride form)
Gantrez copolymers function well as:
copolymer is available in the molecular weight range of
Dispersants for fluorescent light phosphors. 0.13 M-2.5 M. The polymers are white hygroscopic powders
soluble in tetrahydrofuran and M-Pyrol solvent; they are
Microcapsule clusterants in carbonless paper and latex
insoluble in aliphatic and halogenated hydrocarbons. All four
systems.
grades have a glass transition temperature of 151-154 C,
Complex coacervates with gelatin to form the microcapsule independent of molecular weight, and form transparent, tack-
wall in carbonless paper. free films.
Calcium encrustation inhibitors in laundry detergents.
Acid layers in diffusion transfer film to neutralize alkaline
developers and dyes.
Intermediates in adhesive applications and liquid laundry
detergent stabilizers.
Imide derivatives for anti-reflective layers on silicon wafers
prior to photoresist coating and light exposure.
Gas fade inhibitors for Spandex* fibers.
Water retention aids in concrete.
Metal sequestrants.
Anionic polyacids.
Applications Applications
Calcium encrustation inhibitors in laundry detergents. Pigment dispersants in cosmetic formulations.
Dispersant aids. pH-dependent soluble films (enteric coatings).
Aluminum surface conditioning.
Chemistry
Diagnostic test strips.
Ethyl, isopropyl and n-butyl half esters are produced by
Base-activated adhesives for peel-apart instant film. opening up the anhydride in alcohol. These polymers, based on
Gantrez AN-119 copolymer, are sold as 50% solutions in ethanol
Chemistry or isopropanol. They are water-soluble when neutralized
Gantrez S95 and S97 copolymers have repeating co-maleic greater than 40% using either an organic or inorganic base.
acid units produced by hydrolysis of Gantrez AN copolymer. Adhesive strength can be adjusted through controlling the
The polycarboxylic acid derivatives with a pH of ~2 at 5% degree of neutralization. Films are flexible, clear and glossy
concentration are available either as viscous solutions or white and have improved water resistance compared to Gantrez S
powders. The vicinal dicarboxylic acid functionality of these copolymer.
materials is useful in a number of applications. The free acid
forms are water-soluble, giving clear and tacky films. Solution
rheology can be modified by the addition of salts and bases. EasySperse polymeric dispersant range
Polymethylvinylether/maleic acid -butyl ethyl ester,
Gantrez MS copolymers sodium salt
Poly(methylvinylether/maleic acid) mixed-salts copolymer
Applications
Bioadhesives. 8 8
Inkjet coatings.
Applications
Chemistry Dispersants for hydrophobic insectides, fungicides,
Gantrez MS-955 copolymer is a mixed salt of sodium/calcium herbicides.
and is supplied as a free-flowing powder. The copolymer is Dispersants for hydrophobic organic compounds (fragrances,
soluble in water and produces solutions with high viscosity. emollients, essential oils, etc.).
Chemistry
EasySperse dispersant is a copolymer of the monobutyl/
ethyl ester of poly (methyl vinyl ether/maleic acid) partially
neutralized with sodium hydroxide. The material is supplied as a
25% aqueous solution and is an excellent film former.
Applications
Stabileze rheology modifiers yield clear, aqueous gels that
are shear-thinning and slightly thixotropic, having good
shear, temperature and UV-A radiation stability. Stabileze
crosspolymer is effective as a rheology modifier for:
Physical Properties
Thickeners. Physical form Free-flowing white powder
Coatings and inks. Molecular weight 78,000-94,000
Sealants. Tg 164 C
Electroconductive gels.
Chemistry
Deicing fluids.
I-Rez 160 copolymer is a linear, alternating copolymer of
Pigment dispersants.
isobutylene and maleic anhydride that forms transparent, tack-
Chemistry free films and reacts with alcohols/amines to yield half esters/
amides. It is soluble in aprotic solvents and forms gels with
Stabileze QM polymer is produced in a manner similar to ketones and esters. Water solubility can be controlled by degree
that of Gantrez AN copolymer but with the added monomer ring hydrolysis and neutralization. It is insoluble in alcohol and
decadiene present to yield a crosslinked, water-swellable aliphatic hydrocarbons.
resin. The polymer is a white free-flowing powder with a glass
transition temperature of approximately 150 C. The solid can
be dispersed in water without coagulating, and the anhydride
function will hydrolyze directly or through the action of base.
A neutralized 0.5% solution in water at pH 7 and 25 C has a
viscosity range of 45,000-70,000 cP.
Applications
Film formers.
Adhesive/cohesive properties.
Applications
Physical Properties
Film formers.
Physical form Yellow viscous liquid
Flexible coatings with low coefficient of friction.
Molecular weight 39,000
Tg 135 C Physical Properties
Physical form Straw-like hazy, viscous aqueous solution
Chemistry
Molecular weight 86,000
Aquaflex FX-64 copolymer is an imidized isobutylene/maleic
anhydride copolymer that produces low-tack, glossy films Chemistry
supplied as 40% hydroalcoholic solution. (Material is not listed on Aquaflex XL-30 copolymer is an isobutylene
the US EPA TSCA inventory.) dimethylaminopropylmaleimide/ethoxylated maleimide/maleic
anhydride copolymer that produces highly flexible, glossy
and humidity-resistant films and forms clear gels with anionic
rheology modifiers. (Material is not listed on the US EPA TSCA
inventory.)
Jaypol AT1
Gloss paint Liquid Dispersion Polymers
Semi-gloss paint
Jaypol AL is a range of high molecular weight liquid dispersion
Semi-gloss paint
Screen printing inks polymers, which when added to water swell to give thickening.
Jaypol AT21
Flexographic printing inks and over lacquers The polymers are effective over a pH range of 4 to 12. They
HI&I
are a one-shot additive that can be incorporated at any stage
Matt/emulsion paint of the formulation manufacturing process and can provide an
Adhesives
Jaypol AT4 Wood coatings opacifier effect.
Screen printing inks
HI&I
Adhesives/
solids (%)
response
Sealants
Textural
Product
Textiles
Active
Paint
HI&I
pH
Material is not listed on the US EPA TSCA inventory.
1
Solution quality
Salt tolerance
non-flow rheology
type (at 0.8%
Temperature
Jaypol AL2 60 ~6 P P
Rheology
tolerance
solution)
Product
Type
Secondary effect
Jaypol 213 50 produces opacity ~4 P
35000
suspending agents used in a wide variety of applications.
30000
Typical uses are as a stabilizing polymer in oil-in-water
Viscosity (mPa.s)
25000
emulsions, as a suspending agent in surfactant-rich systems,
20000
and as a thickening agent. They produce a dispersion when
15000
added to water with a pH of ~3 and require neutralization with
10000
amine or inorganic hydroxide to activate. Ashland 940 and 980
5000
carbomers are odorless and form a crystal-clear gel in water.
0
2 4 6 8 10 12 14
pH
Typical Properties
Physical form White powder Rheology profile of Ashland 980 carbomer
in aqueous solution
Solids content (105 C) 98.0 - 100% 80000
10000
0
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2
Aqualon 980 carbomer concentration (%)
60,000
products (Rapifloc A and C series) are available along with the
40,000
nonionic powder Rapifloc N-1000. Polymers are offered in a
20,000
range of molecular weights, cross linking, charge densities
and active contents to meet specific desired application
0 requirements.
Control Glycerol (40%) Propylene Glycol Ethanol (20%)
(40%)
Rapifloc A-1 MG polymer is a high molecular weight anionic Particle size 99% < 2000 m
polyacrylamide supplied as a free-flowing granular powder. Bulk density Approx. 0.85 g/m3
It is completely soluble in water-producing solutions of high pH (0.5% solution, 25 oC) Approx. 6.0
viscosity. It is of very high anionic charge.
Benefits
Viscosity - concentration graph
Cost-effective. Brooksfield viscometer @ 25oC
2500
Completely water-soluble.
Improved process efficiencies. 2000
Applications include: 0
0.0 0.25 0.5
Alkaline leach uranium circuits. Concentration (%)
Civil engineering.
Brine clarification.
Applications
Lithographic fountain solutions: Ambergum water-soluble
polymers are a cost-effective alternative to gum arabic
to provide clean viscosity control and unique rheology in
gumming and fountain solutions. They function as wetting
agents and can replace isopropyl alcohol in some systems.
Ambergum water-soluble polymers are produced from
reliable and stable raw material sources. When used in
fountain solutions, they can help prevent emulsification and
bleeding of the ink and can provide more uniform wetting of
the printing plate.
Civil engineering: Ambergum 1221 water-soluble polymer
provides rheology control and enhances fluid loss control
when used with bentonite in tunneling and drilling
applications.
Product Charge Physical Form % Active
Ambergum 1221 Anionic Free-flowing powder 100%
Ambergum 3021 Anionic Pale amber liquid 30%
Pale yellow-green
Ambergum 3085 Nonionic 40%
liquid
Commercial
Fiberglass, industrial Formation aid, rheology
and
cleaners controller, thickener
Institutional
Hydraulic cements
Cement extender, filtration
Energy / Civil cement slurries,
control additive, rheology
Engineering completion/workover
modifier
fluids
KR 1.500-2.500 3 30
E 25-105 1 30
JR 250-400 2 60
J 150-400 2 60
B-biostable grade.
1
Chemistry
The Natrosol HEC polymer is a hydroxyethyl ether of cellulose.
The structure of the cellulose molecule shows its chain
composed of anhydroglucose units. By treating cellulose
with sodium hydroxide and reacting with ethylene oxide,
hydroxyethyl groups are introduced to yield a hydroxyethyl
ether. B grades are more biostable with enhanced resistance
to enzymatic degradation due to their substitution pattern.
Grades treated to provide a powder that displays fast dispersion
without lumping when added to water are designated by the
letter R. This treatment does not alter the solution viscosity.
Improved rheology.
Outstanding spatter resistance.
Viscosity stability of latex systems.
Biostability (similar to Natrosol B HEC).
Color acceptance and development.
Calculated as Na2S04.
1
Brookfield at 6 rpm.
2
(CMC) that are easily dispersed and dissolved in cold or hot Admiral 3171 HEC water Medium
water to produce solutions of varying viscosities. Ashland Admiral 3966 HEC water Medium
FPS formulations vary in active content from 15 to 45% and Admiral 5151 HEC water Medium
are environmentally friendly. Hydroxyethylcellulose and Admiral MO1030 CMC water High
carboxymethylcellulose FPS suspensions are used as fluid Aqualon AQU D-3334 HEC water High
rheology modifiers, fluid loss reducers, suspending agents Natrosol MBR FPS HEC water Medium
or lubricants, particularly in applications where powdered Ecodura FLA 3962 HEC water Low
products cannot be handled. Ecodura TA 4283 HEC water High
Ecodura TA 4451 HEC water Low
Benefits Ecodura TA 4641 HEC water Medium
Easy to handle and meter. Liberty 3794 CMC oil Medium
Liberty 4969 CMC oil High
Low viscosity, pumpable.
Natrosol 250 MHB FPS HEC water Medium
Quick and complete dissolution.
Natrosol FPS MH HEC water Medium
Eliminates filtration problems. Natrosol FPS-H48 HEC water High
Addition of higher MW polymers. Natrosol FPS-HB HEC water High
Natrosol FPS-LO MHR HEC water Medium
Applications Natrosol Liquid HHRP FPS HEC oil
Drilling muds. Civil engineering. Natrosol Liquid MR HEC oil
Natrosol Plus 330 FPS HEC water
Paper coatings. Cement slurries.
Primaflo MP3295A CS HPMC water Medium
Completion/workover fluids. Spacers/flushers.
SC-50 CMC oil High
Gravel packing. Cuttings injection. Xxtradura GMH 4176 HEC water High
Chemistry
Methylcellulose and its derivatives are made under rigidly controlled conditions by reacting alkali-cellulose with methyl chloride,
resulting in methylcellulose (MC), ethylene oxide, resulting in methylhydroxyethylcellulose (MHEC), or propylene oxide, resulting in
methylhydroxypropylcellulose (MHPC).
Designed for use as water retention aids, thickening and Designed for use as adhesives, binders, extrusion aids,
film-forming agents, protective colloids, and suspending and plasticizers, protective colloids, rheology modifiers,
emulsifying agents. stabilization agents, thickeners and water-retention agents.
Thermogelling properties (temperature lower than MHPC Thermogelling properties depending on the substitution
and MHEC). pattern.
10
A4C2Benecel K200M 54 400
60,000 low high
E4M C 64 3600
A4M2 58 3600
K35M 81 35.000
1
Brookfield RV 20 oC/20 rpm, 2% solution.
European Pharmacopoeia.
1
2
20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90
Temperature (oC)
0 85 90
Modified MHEC.
1
Modified MHEC
1
F ormation of intricate parts, binder for filler or active Ethyl alcohol Tetrahydrofuran
Injection Molding
material Ethylene chlorohydrin Toluene: ethanol (3:2)
Ceramics Processing aid, water retention, green body strength Formic acid (88%) Water
B inder, film former, processing aid for reconstituted Glycerin: water (3:7)
Tobacco
tobacco
B. Moderately Granular and/or Hazy
T hickener, retard solvent loss, cling on vertical
Paint Removers Acetone Methyl acetate
surface
Adhesives Solvent-based systems or hot melts Butyl acetate Methyl ethyl ketone
L - - 65 - 175 - 95,000 S olvents were tested using G viscosity types at 2% solids concentration by weight.
All ratios indicated in this table are on a by-weight basis.
E - - - 250 - 800 80,000
Chemistry
Guar gum is a polysaccharide composed of the sugars
galactose and mannose. The backbone is a linear chain of
1,4-linked mannose residues to which galactose residues
are 1,6-linked at every second mannose, forming short side-
branches.
Applications Applications
Carbonyl iron powder is manufactured by the chemical Iron pentacarbonyl is an intermediate that has found utility in
decomposition of iron pentacarbonyl. The resulting iron a variety of applications. In the past, it has been used as a fuel
particles are uniform gray microscopic spheres with only traces antiknock agent, a photochemical additive and an intermediate
of carbon, oxygen and nitrogen. Over 25 different grades of iron for many iron products. The most important current
powder are manufactured through this process and marketed applications are:
under the trade name Micropowder. Specific applications
include: Catalyst for coal liquefaction, Fischer-Tropsch
hydroformylation, olefin isomerization and water gas shift
Radar absorbing materials (RAM). reactions.
Precision electronic cores. Precursor for chemically pure iron, iron oxides, iron catalysts
Electromagnetic interference shielding products (EMI/RF). and thin iron films.
Metal injection molding (MIM). Desulfurization removal of sulfur from coal and petroleum
products.
High-performance powder metallurgy products.
Magnetic fluids. Physical Properties
Halogen solvent waste remediation. Boiling point 103 C
Pharmaceutical iron supplement Ferronyl iron. Melting point -20 C
Specific gravity 1.453
Physical Properties
The fine size and high purity of the carbonyl iron powders are Chemistry
the principal reasons for their superior properties compared to Iron pentacarbonyl is a specialty chemical that is produced
other forms of elemental iron powders. Distinct characteristics as an intermediate during the manufacture of carbonyl iron
of the Micropowder Iron products include: powders. It is produced from a high-pressure reaction between
high-grade iron and carbon monoxide. This organometallic
Very fine spherical size. compound exists as a liquid at room temperature. It may ignite
Submicron to 10 micron particle diameter. spontaneously in air and is decomposed by heat to metallic iron
High purity with up to 99.5% iron content. and carbon monoxide. In air it decomposes to iron oxides and in
sunlight to iron nonacarbonyl. While Fe(CO)5 is highly reactive, it
Unique onionskin structure with cubic crystalline lattice. is stable in dark storage under nitrogen. It is soluble in common
Superior electromagnetic properties. organic solvents such as acetone or toluene and insoluble in
Uniform particle size distribution. water or liquid ammonia. It is unreactive with most acids.
NOTE: These properties represent typical numbers but are not considered sales specifications.
Contact Ashland for technical information on other grades.
Base Drewplus/Advantage
Description Applications
Carrier reference
L-475 Silica/mineral oil Graphic art, pigment dispersion, oil well cementing
L-477K Silica/mineral oil Kosher printing ink
Y-381 Wax/mineral oil Inks and latex systems
L-464 Silica/wax/mineral oil Inks and latex systems
AM-1512 Hydrophobic silica in mineral oil (9% active) PSA adhesives, oil well cementing, fracturing
TW-4503 Silica/wax/mineral oil Fracturing S-PVC, acrylic emulsions, industrial inks
T-1201 Silica in mineral oil + compatibilizer Adhesives, PSA, SBR, acrylic emulsions
T-1202 Silica in mineral oil + compatibilizer EP, adhesives, SBR, PVP, PVA, acrylic
L-140 Silica in mineral oil + compatibilizer EPA, adhesives, inks, industrial coatings
Mineral Oil-based Technology
AV-1425 Hydrophobic silica in vegetable oil Industrial coatings, metal working fluids, adhesives
L-405 Silicone/silicone copolymer Gravure art: flexographic inks, high-gloss alkyds, epoxy systems
Gravure art: flexographic inks, high-gloss alkyds, epoxy systems,
L-405 LV Low-VOC version of L-405
pigment dispersion
Gravure art: screen printing inks, anticorrosive primers wood and
TS-4385 Silca/silicone/silicone copolymer (work horse)
reducible alkyd, pigment dispersion
Graphic art: pigment dispersion
TS-4387 Silica/organo/silicone copolymer
Gravure art: flexographic inks, screen printing inks
Graphic art: pigment dispersion
TS-5541 Silica/silicone
Gravure art: flexographic Inks, screen printing inks, pigment dispersions
S-4288 Polysiloxane emulsion High-gloss paints, inks
(OM Polysiloxane) based
Quick Bubble Break
Benefits
Effective pH neutralizer.
Provides pH stability over time.
Inhibits in-can corrosion.
Helps prevent flash rusting.
Lower odor for handling and manufacturing.
Can reduce odor of waterborne paints.
Can reduce demand of anionic dispersant.
vinylpyrrolidone
phosphate ester
phosphate ester
wetting agents
wetting agent
Easy-Wet 20
V-Cap vinyl
caprolactam
Surfadone
surfactants
surfactants
Strodex
Dextrol
V-Pyrol
Adhesives n n n n n
Advanced Ceramics
Batteries
Cables
Ceramics
Civil Engineering
Electronics n n
Emulsions n n
Explosives
Membranes
Metal Processing n n n n
Mineral Slurries n n
Mining
Paint Removers
Paper Coatings
Plastics n
Refinery Additives n n
Rubber
Specialty Coatings n n n n n
Suspension
n
Polymerization
Textiles & Leather
Tobacco
Weldings
Woodcare
Performance Polymers
Ganex/Antaron polymers
Gaffix/Copolymer VC-713
polyvinylpolypyrrolidone
UltraThix crosspolymer
Polyclar crospovidone
Disintex disintegrants
Aquaflex copolymer
Setleze copolymers
Styleze copolymers
Polectron/Antara
Gafquat polymers
RapiThix polymer
PVP/VA polymers
PVP polymers
polymers
Polyclar
polymer
Adhesives n n n n n n
Advanced Ceramics n
Batteries n
Cables
Ceramics n
Civil Engineering
Electronics n n
Emulsions n
Explosives
Membranes n n n n
Metal Processing n n n
Mineral Slurries
Mining
Paint Removers
Paper Coatings n n
Plastics
Refinery Additives
Rubber
Specialty Coatings n n n n n n n n n
Suspension
n
Polymerization
Textiles & Leather
Tobacco
Weldings
Woodcare
n
RheoThix thickening agent
Aquaflow rheology
n
n
modifiers
n
n
n
n
copolymers
n
n
dispersant ranges
n
n
n
n
Jaypol acrylates
n
n
n
n
n
Rapifloc acrylates
Bondwell, Blanose,
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
Aqualon carboxymethyl
cellulose
n
n
n
AquaVIS polymers
Performance Polymers
Natrosol
n
n
n
n
n
hydroxyethylcellulose
n
n
n
n
Klucel hydroxypropyl
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
cellulose
Culminal methylcellulose
n
n
n
n
n
n
derivatives
Benecel methylcellulose
n
n
n
n
derivatives
n
n
n
61
Specialty chemicals
The following table is a cross-reference of the products cited throughout the text and their uses in a wide variety of industrial applications.
neutralizing
emulsifiers
Ceraphyl
UV filters
Escalol
pHLEX
agents
Adhesives
Advanced Ceramics
AgChem
Batteries
Cables
Ceramics
Civil Engineering
Electronics
Emulsions
Explosives
Membranes
Metal Processing n
Mineral Slurries
Mining
Paint Removers
Paper Coatings
Plastics n
Refinery Additives
Rubber
Specialty Coatings n n
Suspension Polymerization
Tobacco
Weldings
Woodcare
n
emulsifiers
n
Iron
Iron
n
Pentacarbonyl
Drewplus/
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
Advantage
defoamers
63
Surfactants, solvents and intermediates, vinyl monomers
The following table is a cross-reference of the products cited throughout the text and their fundamental functional property(ies).
vinylpyrrolidone
phosphate ester
phosphate ester
microemulsifier
wetting agents
wetting agents
Easy-Wet 20
V-Cap vinyl
caprolactam
Surfadone
surfactants
surfactants
emulsifiers
emulsifiers
Microflex
Cerasynt
Ceraphyl
Strodex
Dextrol
V-Pyrol
ranges
Activity Inhibitor
Adhesive
Anti-Agglomerant
Anti-Soil Redeposition
Anti-Static
Binder
Bioadhesive
Catalyst
Chemical Intermediate n n
Cohesive
Complexes
Corrosion Inhibitor n n
Cross-linker
Crystal Inhibitor
Defoamer
Detergent n n n n n n n
Disintegrant
Dispersant n n n n
Dye Fixative
Electrical Conductor
Electrical Resistor
EMI Protector
Emulsifier n n n n n n n
Encapsulation
Film Former
vinylpyrrolidone
phosphate ester
phosphate ester
microemulsifier
wetting agents
wetting agents
Easy-Wet 20
V-Cap vinyl
caprolactam
Surfadone
surfactants
surfactants
emulsifiers
emulsifiers
Microflex
Cerasynt
Ceraphyl
Strodex
Dextrol
V-Pyrol
ranges
Flocculant
Flow Controller
Lubricant n n n n
Metal Sequestrant
Oil Solubility n n
Opacifier n
Plasticizer n n
Processing Aid
Release Agent
Rheology Modifier
Sizing Agent
Solvent n n n n n
Stabilizer
Substantive
Surface Active n n n n n n n
Suspending Agent
Tack Modifier
Thermoplastic
Thickener
UV Absorber
UV Protector
Water Resistor
Water-Holding
Wax Inhibitor
Performance Polymers
Gaffix/Copolymer VC-713
polyvinylpolypyrrolidone
UltraThix crosspolymer
Aquastyle copolymers
Polyclar crospovidone
Disintex disintegrants
Aquaflex copolymers
Styleze copolymers
Polectron/Antara
Gafquat polymers
RapiThix polymer
Ganex/Antaron
PVP/VA polymers
PVP polymers
Acrylidone
polymers
polymers
Polyclar
polymer
Activity Inhibitor n n
Adhesive n n n n n n
Anti-Agglomerant
Anti-Soil Redeposition n
Anti-Static n
Binder n n
Bioadhesive
Catalyst
Chemical Intermediate
Cohesive n n n n n n n
Complexes n n
Corrosion Inhibitor n
Cross-linker n n n
Crystal Inhibitor n n n
Defoamer
Detergent
Disintegrant n
Dispersant n n
Dye Fixative n n
Electrical Conductor
Electrical Resistor
EMI Protector
Emulsifier n
Encapsulation
Film Former n n n n n n n n n n
RheoThix thickening
n
n
agents
Aquaflow rheology
n
n
modifiers
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
copolymers
n
n
n
dispersant ranges
Jaypol acrylates
n Rapifloc acrylates
Bondwell, Blanose,
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
Aqualon carboxymethyl
cellulose
Performance Polymers
Natrosol
n
n
n
n
n
n
hydroxyethylcellulose
Aqualon
n
n
n
n
ethyl cellulose
Klucel hydroxypropyl
n
n
n
n
n
cellulose
Culminal methylcellulose
n
n
n
derivatives
Benecel methylcellulose
n
n
n
derivatives
Galactasol derivatized
n
guar
67
Performance polymers
The following table is a cross-reference of the products cited throughout the text and their fundamental functional property(ies).
Performance Polymers
Gaffix/Copolymer VC-713
polyvinylpolypyrrolidone
Aquaflex tetrapolymers
UltraThix crosspolymer
Aquastyle copolymers
Polyclar crospovidone
Disintex disintegrants
Styleze copolymers
Polectron/Antara
Gafquat polymers
RapiThix polymer
Ganex/Antaron
PVP/VA polymers
PVP polymers
Acrylidone
polymers
Polyclar
polymer
polymer
Flocculant
Flow Controller
Lubricant n n
Metal Sequestrant
Oil Solubility n
Opacifier n
Plasticizer
Processing Aid
Release Agent
Rheology Modifier n n n n
Sizing Agent
Solvent n
Stabilizer n
Substantive n n n n n
Surface Active n n n
Suspending Agent n
Tack Modifier n n
Thermoplastic n
Thickener n n
UV Absorber
UV Protector
Water Resistor n n n
Water-Holding
Wax Inhibitor n
RheoThix thickening
n
n
n
n
agents
Aquaflow rheology
n
n
modifiers
n
n
n
n
copolymers
n
dispersant ranges
n
n
n
Jaypol acrylates
n
n
n
n
Rapifloc acrylates
Bondwell, Blanose,
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
Aqualon carboxymethyl
cellulose
Performance Polymers
Natrosol
n
n
hydroxyethylcellulose
Aqualon
n
n
n
n
n
ethyl cellulose
Klucel hydroxypropyl
n
n
n
n
n
cellulose
Culminal methylcellulose
n
n
derivatives
Benecel methylcellulose
n
n
derivatives
Galactasol derivatized
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
guar
69
Specialty chemicals
The following table is a cross-reference of the products cited throughout the text and their fundamental functional property(ies).
Specialty Chemicals
Micropowder
Pentacarbonyl
water-soluble
Ambergum
Advantage
neutralizing
Drewplus/
defoamers
polymers
UV filters
Escalol
pHLEX
agents
Iron
Iron
Activity Inhibitor n n
Adhesive
Anti-Agglomerant
Anti-Soil Redeposition
Anti-Static
Binder
Bioadhesive
Catalyst n n
Chemical Intermediate n
Cohesive
Complexes
Corrosion Inhibitor n
Cross-linker
Crystal Inhibitor
Defoamer n
Detergent
Disintegrant
Dispersant n
Dye Fixative
Electrical Conductor
Electrical Resistor n
EMI Protector n
Emulsifier n
Encapsulation
Film Former n
Micropowder
Pentacarbonyl
water-soluble
Ambergum
Advantage
neutralizing
Drewplus/
defoamers
polymers
UV filters
Escalol
pHLEX
agents
Iron
Iron
Flocculant
Flow Controller
Lubricant n
Metal Sequestrant
Oil Solubility n
Opacifier
Plasticizer
Preservative
Processing Aid
Release Agent
Rheology Modifier n
Sizing Agent
Solvent
Stabilizer n
Substantive
Surface Active n n
Suspending Agent
Tack Modifier
Thermoplastic
Thickener n
UV Absorber n
UV Protector n
Water Resistor
Water-Holding
Wax Inhibitor
Latin America
So Paulo, Brazil
Tel: +55 11 3649 0455
Fax: +55 11 3649 0450
Mexico City, Mexico
Tel: +52 55 5276 6110
Fax: +52 55 2614 2939
Bogota, Colombia
Tel: +57 1 636 0618
Fax: +57 1 691 8540
Buenos Aires, Argentina
Tel: +54 11 4314 8971
Fax: +54 11 4314 8976
specialtiessolutionsSANA@ashland.com
Asia Pacific
Singapore
Tel: +65 6775 5366
Fax: +65 6775 5433
Mumbai, India
Tel: +91 22 61484646
Fax: +91 22 61484639
Shanghai, P.R. China
Tel: +86 21 2402 4888
Fax: +86 21 2402 4850
specialtiessolutionsAP@ashland.com
Europe
Schaffhausen, Switzerland
Tel: +41 52 560 5500
specialtiesEMEA@ashland.com
ashland.com
The information contained in this brochure and the various products described are intended for use only by persons having technical skill and at their
own discretion and risk after they have performed necessary technical investigations, tests and evaluations of the products and their uses. Certain end
uses of these products may be regulated pursuant to rules or regulations governing medical devices, drug uses, or pesticidal or antimicrobial uses. It
is the end users responsibility to determine the applicability of such regulations to its products.
All statements, information, and data presented herein are believed to be accurate and reliable, but are not to be taken as a guarantee of fitness for
a particular purpose, or representation, express or implied, for which seller assumes legal responsibility. No freedom to use any patent owned by
Ashland, its subsidiaries, or its suppliers is to be inferred.