Bipolar Junction [Year]

Transistor

BJT is a transistor that uses electron and hole charge carriers. Unipolar transistors, such
as field-effect transistors, only use one kind of charge carrier. For their operation, BJTs use
two junctions between two semiconductor types, n-type and p-type.

There are 3 types of BJT configuration. First Is the Common Emitter Configuration. The
common emitter configuration has the emitter terminal input and output signal. Its also the
same as PNP transistor, except the arrow will pointing in. The transistor has a medium input
impedance and output impedance, high voltage gain and current gain.

Second is the Common Base Configuration. When the base is used as the common terminal,
the transistor will have low input impedance, high output impedance, less current gain and
high voltage gain.

Last but not least is the Common Collector Configuration. This is also known as the emitter
follower. This is because the input signal is applied to the base and passes out at the emitter
with little loss. It has high input impedance, low output impedance, less voltage gain and high
current gain.
There are 4 types of biasing circuit in BJT. First is the Fixed Bias or known as base- bias
circuit and it is the simplest transistor DC bias configuration, this type of configuration is
unstable because its (beta) changes with temperature and collector current.
Second is the Emitter Stabilized Bias. This circuit is quite similar as fixed bias but this time
it has resistor in Emitter part. And it helps to improve the stability level of fixed bias
configuration.
Third is the Voltage Divider Bias. Voltage divider biasing is commonly used in the design of
bipolar transistor amplifier circuits and it uses 2 resistors as a potential divider network across
the supply. This method of biasing the transistor greatly reduces the effects of varying Beta
and allowing for best stability.
Finally, the fourth one is the Feedback Bias. The Feedback Bias improve level of stability by
introducing a feedback path from collector to base, sensitivity to changes in beta or
temperature variation is normally less than encountered for fixed bias or emitter bias
configuration. Relatively stable against changes of beta.

1. Common Emitter Configuration :

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Transistor

2. Common Base Configuration :

3. Common Collector Configuration :

1. Fixed Bias :

2. Emitter Stabilized Bias :

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Transistor

3. Voltage-Divider Bias :

4. Feedback Bias :

Advantages of BJT : - high current density.

- operates in medium to high Voltage range.
- low forward voltage drop.

Disadvantages of BJT :
-It has a very complex base control.
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Transistor
-The switching time is not very fast compared to the high alternating frequency of voltage
and current source.

Application of BJT :
BJT (bipolar junction transistor) are usually used as an amplifier, oscillator and switch. It is a
current-driven device. The output current is equal to the input current times a factor which is
called Gain. A general BJT has three pins which are the Base, the Collector, and the Emitter

http://www.zen22142.zen.co.uk/Design/config.htm

http://www.careerride.com/view/what-is-a-bjt-what-are-its-advantages-and-
disadvantages-electronics-3252.aspx