KNS4423 Timber Engineering

Assignment 2

From the data given below, design a suitable size of joist for a flat roof.

Given;
Dead load ( Self-weight plus roof covering) = 0.5 kN/m2
Imposed load ( on plan ) = 1.5 kN/m2
Effective span = 4.6 m
Joist spacing = 0.6 m
Timber strength group SG 3, standard grade, dry, long term.

*Try 72mm 194mm (Minimum size) sawn sections in SG 3, dry and standard as joists.

Step 1: Effective span ( MS544 Part 2, Cl 11.3, pg.22 ) ( refer pg 53/206 )

= 4.6
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Step 2: Loading ( MS544 Part 11,Section 1 Cl 5.3, pg.4 )( refer pg 188/206 )

Dead Load( Self weight plus roof covering ) = 0.5 kN/m2

Imposed load = 1.5 kN/m2

Step 3: Design Loads ( MS544 Part 11, Section 1 Cl 5.4, pg.5) ( refer pg 189/206 )

600
= (1.5 + ) (1000) = (1.5 + 0.5) (1000) = 1.2 /

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BMD
SFD

Mmax = 3.174 kN.m

Vmax = 2.76 kN

Step 4: Duration of loading, K1 ( MS544 Part2, Cl 9, Table 5, pg.19,20 )( refer pg 51,52)

Value of K1 = 1.0 ( for long-term )

Step 5: Load-sharing systems, K2 ( MS544 Part 2, Cl 10, pg.20 )( refer pg 51/206)

Value of K2 = 1.1

Step 6: Position of end bearing, K3 ( MS544 Part 2, Cl 11.2, pg.21, Table 6, pg.22 )(refer pg
52,53/206)

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75 50 75 72
=
1.14 1.20 1.14 3

Value of K3 = 1.15

Step 7: Shear at notched ends, K4 ( MS544 Part 2, Cl 11.4, pg.22 )( refer pg 53,54/206 )

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4 = 1.0

Step 8: Form factors, K5 ( MS544 Part 2,Cl 11.5, pg.23 )( refer pg 54/206 )

Value of K5 = 1.0

Step 9: Depth factor, K6 ( MS544 Part 2, Cl 11.6, pg.23 )( refer pg 54/206 )

h = 194mm < 300mm

Value of K6 = 1.0

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Step 10: Trimmer joists and lintels, K7 ( MS544 Part 2, Cl 11.11, pg.26 )( refer pg 57/206 )

Value of K7 = 1.00

K-factors

Duration of loading, K1 1.00

Load-sharing systems, K2 1.10
Position of end bearing, K3 1.15
Shear at notched ends, K4 1.00
Form factor, K5 1.00
Depth factor, K6 1.00
Trimmer joists and lintels, K7 1.00

Step 11: Deflection check ( mm ) ( MS544 part 2, Cl 11.7, pg.24) ( refer pg 55/206 )

*The Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) can be referred to { table 4, page 49/206}.

Mean MOE is used because load-sharing

systems is used, K2=1.1. The MOE = 14,300
N/mm2.

(Please refer Step 5: Load Sharing systems,

K2 and refer to step 10: Trimmer joist and
lintels, K7)

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If green condition, use nominal size. ( > 19%)

If dry condition, use minimum size. ( 12% -

19% )

Figure 1; Member axes

*The second moment of area, I can be referred to {table B3b, page 76/206}. The value for Ixx =
43808304 mm4.

5 1.2 46004
= = 11.17
384 14300 43808304

= 0.003 4600 = 13.80

*The maximum deflection, mm is less than the actual deflection, mm. Hence, the design is suitable
for deflection.

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Step 12: Shear check (N/mm2) ( MS544 Part 11, Section 1, Cl 6.3, pg.7) ( refer pg 191/206 )

Value of ,// can be referred to {table 4,

page 49/206}

Value of A can be referred to {table B3b,

page 76/206}

1.52760
,// = = 0.296 /2
72194

// = ,// 1 2 4 = 1.61 1.0 1.1 1.0

= 1.771 /2
,// //
*The actual shear stress parallel to grain, N/mm2 is less than the permissible shear stress parallel to
grain, N/mm2. Hence, the design is suitable for shear.

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Step 13: Bending Check (N/mm2) ( MS544 Part 11, Section 1, Cl 6.2, pg.6) ( refer pg 190/206 )

The value of Z, section modulus can be

referred to {table B3b, page 76/206}.

The value of ,// can be referred to

{table 4, page 49/206}

3.174 106
,// = = 7.03 /2
451632
,// = 15.9 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 = 17.49 /2

,// ,//

*The actual/applied bending stress parallel to grain, N/mm2 is less than the permissible bending
stress parallel to grain, N/mm2. Hence, the design is suitable for bending.

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Step 14: Bearing Check (N/mm2) ( MS544 Part 11, Section 1, Cl 6.5, pg.10 ) ( refer pg 194/206 )

The value of , can be referred

to{ table 4, page 49/206}

2) When there is no wane at the bearing

area, the basic stress figures may be used
for all grades

5520
. = = 0.395 /2
72 194
, = 2.61 1.0 1.1 1.15 = 3.302 /2

. ,
*The actual/applied compressive stress perpendicular to grain, N/mm2 is less than the permissible
compressive stress perpendicular to grain, N/mm2. Hence, the bearing check is O.K.

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Step 15: Lateral stability check ( MS544 Part 2, Cl 11.8, Table 7, pg.24 ) ( refer pg 55/206 )

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194 *Use minimum size.

( ) = = 2.69
72

( ) = 5.00


*The ( ) is less than ( ) . Hence, the design is suitable for lateral stability.

Therefore, 72mm 194 mm (Minimum size) sawn sections in SG 3, dry and standard are
satisfactory.

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