EXPERIMENT NO.

1 HYDROGEN PEROXIDE

1.

Acetanilide is used as an inhibitor of hydrogen peroxide decomposition and is used to stabilize cellulose
ester varnishes. It has also found uses in the intermediation in rubber accelerator synthesis, dyes and
dye intermediate synthesis and camphor synthesis.

2.

H2O2 contains chelants & sequestrants to minimize its decomposition under normal storage & handling
conditions.

a. Acids
H2O2 is unstable in alkaline pH
Acids are employed to decrease the pH of the preparation to become stable.
Examples: phenylphosphonic acids with stabiliser additives: stennates, nitrates,
pyrophosphates
b. Complexing agents
chelating agents
compounds chelate trace amounts of polyvalent metals, making them unavailable to
catalyse decomposition
Example: EDTA
c. Adsorbents
to remove impurities from hydrogen peroxide
Examples: alumina, silica

3.

The reaction mixture was cooled in an ice bath in order for the crystals to precipitate out. The cooling
caused the solubility of the solution to decrease. Since the solubility of the solution crystals would have
to precipitate out of the solution in order to maintain equilibrium.

4.

Addition of dilute sulfuric acid produces a highly corrosive solution with a variety of uses in the
semiconductor, paper and mining industries.

5.

Hydrogen peroxide contains in each 100 mL, not less than 2.5 g and not more than 3.5 g of H2O2.

6.

Concentrations of hydrogen peroxide solutions are sometimes quoted in molarity, more often in volume
strength. Volume strength is unique to hydrogen peroxide. When hydrogen peroxide decomposes it is
converted to water with the liberation of oxygen gas. One liter of 10 volume hydrogen peroxide will
produce 10 liters of oxygen when it decomposes; and one liter of 5 volume hydrogen peroxide will
produce 5 liters of oxygen. So it is simply a convenient way of expressing the solutions strength.
7.

8.

Storage Requirements

Storage of hydrogen peroxide should be restricted to its original shipping container or to

properly designed containers made of compatible materials which have been thoroughly
passivated.
Hydrogen peroxide that has been removed from the original shipping container should not be
returned to it.
All containers must be properly vented, and preferably stored away from sources of direct heat
and combustible materials.
Adequate ventilation and ample water supply for thorough flushing of accidental spillage on
personnel and property should be provided.
Hydrogen peroxide itself will not burn, but its decomposition liberates oxygen which supports
combustion. Fires involving hydrogen peroxide are best controlled by using large quantities of
water.

9.

Antiseptics are compounds that are used to kill or counter microorganisms on and near the surface of
the body. They are distinct from antibiotics and antiviral drugs, which work inside the body, and from
disinfectants, which are chemical applied to nonliving items and surfaces.

10.

This product works by releasing oxygen when it is applied to the affected area. The release of oxygen
causes foaming, which helps to remove dead skin and clean the area. This is because blood and most
living cells contain the enzyme catalase, which attacks hydrogen peroxide and converts it into water
(H2O) and oxygen (O2). Hydrogen peroxide has been used as an antiseptic since the 1920s because it
kills bacteria cells by destroying their cell walls.

Examples:

Hydrogen peroxide is used in cosmetics and personal care products as an antimicrobial agent and as an
oxidizing agent.

Hydrogen peroxide is used for the pickling of metal surfaces as well as for the cleaning of silicon discs in
the production of printed circuit boards.

Due to its remarkable chemical properties and biological degradability, hydrogen peroxide is often
utilized in food processing applications.

Hydrogen peroxides unique chemical properties as well as its ecological friendliness are utilized in a
variety of environmental applications.

High concentrated, high purity hydrogen peroxide is used as a propellant e.g. in aeronautics and space
rockets.

References

http://h2o2.evonik.com/product/h2o2/en/application-areas/pages/default.aspx

http://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-76035/hydrogen-peroxide/details

http://www.chemicalforums.com/index.php?topic=9472.0

http://www.peroxychem.com/chemistries/hydrogen-peroxide/safe-storage-handling

http://www.livestrong.com/article/167557-what-is-an-antiseptic/