MODUL KERTAS 3

1. An experiment was carried out to determine the relationship between the light intensity and
the rate of photosynthesis. Diagram below shows the apparatus set up in the experiment. Four
light bulbs of different watt were used and each bulb was placed at a distance of 20 cm from the
beaker. The rate of photosynthesis was estimated by counting the number of gas bubbles
released per minute. Three readings were recorded for each light bulb used.

Satu eksperimen dijalankan untuk menentukan hubungan antara keamatan cahaya dengan
kadar fotosintesis. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan susunan radas bagi eksperimen ini. Empat
mentol lampu dengan kuasa yang berlainan digunakan dan setiap mentol diletakkan pada
kedudukan 20 cm dari bikar. Kadar fotosintesis dianggarkan dengan mengira bilangan
gelembung gas yang dibebaskan bagi setiap minit. Tiga set bacaan dicatatkan bagi setiap
mentol lampu yang digunakan.

Table below shows the results of the experiment.

Jadual di bawah menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen ini.

Thermometer
termometer

Water bath Gas bubble/gelembung gas

Kukus air
0.5% sodium hydrogen carbonate
0.5% natrium hydrogen karbonat

Bulb
mentol

Plasticine
plastisin
Elodea
Weight/pemberat

Metre rule/pembaris meter

MVsoalan:

RVsoalan:

CV:

MVeksp:

RVeksp:
Power of bulb The number of air bubble released in one minute
Kuasa mentol Bilangan gelembung gas yang dibebaskan dalam satu minit
(Watt)

First reading Second reading Third reading Average

Bacaan pertama Bacaan kedua Bacaan ketiga Purata

15

30

45

60

Table 1 / Jadual 1

(a) Record the number of gas bubbles per minute and calculate the average number of gas
bubbles released. Record your answer in Table 1 above.
Catatkan bilangan gelembung gas seminit dan kira purata bilangan gelembung gas yang
terbebas . Catatkan jawapan kamu dalam Jadual 1 di atas.

[3 markah]
(b)(i) State two observation made from the experiment.
Nyatakan dua pemerhatian yang dibuat daripada eksperimen ini.

Observation 1 / Pemerhatian 1

....

Observation 2 / Pemerhatian 2

..

.
[3 markah]

(b)(ii) State two inference drawn from the observation in (b)(i).

Nyatakan two inferens yang boleh dibuat daripada pemerhatian di (b)(i).

Inference 1 / Inferens 1

Inference 2 / Inferens 2

[3 markah]
(c) Complete Table 2 based on this experiment.
Lengkapkan Jadual 2 berdasarkan eksperimen ini.

How the variables are operated

Variables/Pembolehubah
Cara mengendali pembolehubah

Manipulated variable
Pembolehubah dimanipulasikan

.

.

...............................................................

Responding variable .
Pembolehubah bergerakbalas
.
.

.

...............................................................

Fixed variable
Pembolehubah dimalarkan

.



..............................................................

Table 2 / Jadual 2

[3 marks]
(d) State the hypothesis for this experiment
Nyatakan hipotesis bagi eksperimen ini.

.
 .
[3 marks]

(e) (i) Construct a table based on the following criteria :

Bina jadual berdasarkan kriteria berikut

Power of bulb / Kuasa mentol

Average number of gas bubble released in one minute

Purata bilangan gelembung gas yang dibebaskan dalam satu minit

Rate of Photosynthesis / Kadar fotosintesis

[3 marks]

(ii) Using the data in 1 (e)(i), draw the graph to show the relationship between rate of
Photosynthesis and power of bulb.
Menggunakan data di 1(e)(i), lukis graf untuk menunjukkan hubungan antara kadar
fotosintesis dan kuasa mentol.
[3marks]
 (f) Based on the graph in (e)(ii) , explain the relationship between the power of bulb with the
rate of photosynthesis.
Berdasarkan graf di (e)(ii), terangkan hubungan antara kuasa mentol dengan kadar
fotosintesis.

...

...

..

[3 markah]

(g) State the operational definition for photosynthesis.

Nyatakan definasi secara operasi bagi fotosintesis.

...

...

...

...
[3 marks]
(h) What will happen to the rate of photosynthesis if the 0.5% sodium hydrogen carbonate
solution is replaced with a 1.0% sodium hydrogen carbonate solution under the 60 watt
power of bulb?
Apakah yang akan berlaku pada kadar fotosintesis jika larutan natrium hidrogen karbonat
0.5% digantikan dengan larutan natrium hidrogen karbonat 1.0% di bawah kuasa mentol 60
watt?

...

..

..

..
[3 markah]
(i) Classify the apparatus and materials used in this experiment according to their purpose in
this experiment.
Kelaskan radas dan bahan yang digunakan dalam eksperimen ini.

Apparatus/Radas Material/Bahan

[3 markah]
2. Organisms in an environment compete with each other for the same basic needs in their
survival.
Competition between individuals of different species is called interspecific competition and
competition between individuals of the same species is called intraspecific competition. The
effect of the competition is shown in their growth such as the height, size and dry mass.

Based on the above information, plan a laboratory experiment to study the effect of
interspecific competition between maize and paddy plants on their growth.

The planning of your experiment must include the following aspects:

Organisma di dalam alam sekitar bersaing antara satu sama lain untuk mendapatkan
keperluan asas yang sama bagi kemandirian masing-masing. Persaingan antara individu
yang berlainan spesies dipanggil persaingan interspesifik dan persaingan antara individu
daripada spesies yang sama dipanggil persaingan intraspesifik.
Kesan daripada persaingan ini ditunjukkan melalui pertumbuhannya seperti ketinggian, saiz
dan jisim kering.
Berdasarkan maklumat di atas, rancang satu eksperimen dalam makmal untuk mengkaji
kesan persaingan interspesifik di antara pertumbuhan jagung dan padi.
Perancangan eksperimen anda hendaklah meliputi aspek-aspek berikut

The planning of your experiment should include the following aspects:

Perancangan eksperimen anda hendaklah meliputi aspek-aspek berikut:

Problem statement / Penyataan masalah

Hypothesis / Hipotesis
Variables / Pembolehubah
List of apparatus and materials / Senarai radas dan bahan
Experimental procedure or method / Kaedah atau prosedur eksperimen
Presentation of data / Cara data dipersembahkan

[17 marks]