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The most important of the ideas that have helped mankind after
the prehistoric age are those connected with the advances in the
fields of mathematics and astronomy. The Babylonians were
the pioneers in this respect, though it was the Greeks who made
some of the most significant discoveries. In the modern world ,
scientist like Galileo, Descartes, Leibniz and Newton made the
discoveries on which most of the modern science is based.
Russell believes that the most important single idea that helped
mankind was the law of inertia. Russell is pointing out the
Importance of the discovery of the law of inertia with which
Galileo, and later, Newton, were concerned.
Note: Students should add 'Moral ideas' and ' World
Government' from the syllabus book.