The definition of Lightweight Concrete is concrete having 28 days compressive strength greater

than 17Mpa and an airdried unit weight not greater than 1850kg/3 , Lightweight concretes can
either be lightweight aggregate concrete, foamed concrete or autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC).
The main specialties of lightweight concrete are its low density and thermal conductivity, also
there is a reduction of dead load, faster building rates in construction, lower haulage and handling
costs. The specialty of lightweight concrete is lighter than conventional concrete. Density of this
concrete is considerably low which 300kg/3 to 1850kg/3 when compared to normal concrete
which 2200kg/3 to 2600kg/3 . This shows lightweight concrete lighter between 87% to 23%.
In addition, Lightweight concrete has improved thermal properties, reduced structural loading, and
fire resistant qualities. Besides, there are three main methods of production of lightweight concrete
which the use of lightweight aggregates, the incorporation of voids by aeration, and little or no
fine aggregate addition. However, Lightweight aggregate concrete originate from either natural
material like volcanic pumice, the thermal treatment of natural raw materials such as Leca,
manufacture from industrial by products such as fly ash like Lytag, and processing of industrial by
products such as Pellite. Moreover, lightweight aggregate produced density as low as 300kg/m
with compressive strengths up from 0.3Mpa to 40 MPa. Lightweight aggregates have higher
apparent specific gravity than convectional aggregates. Basically there are two types of lightweight
aggregate concrete which natural aggregates and artificial aggregates. Natural aggregates consist
of Pumice and Scoria which is volcanic rocks, while artificial aggregates consist of Shale, Slate,
Perlite, and Vermiculite. Furthermore, the properties of artificial aggregates are less variable than
natural aggregates. Moreover, Low specific gravity is used in this lightweight concrete instead of
ordinary concrete. While, the main characteristic is high porosity which results in a low specific
gravity.