Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
REVIEWS Further
Quick links to online content
by University of Guelph on 07/06/12. For personal use only.
"!4 0'-&4
swv?v?
*
!!$#&*
&! * *"
)lqglhR RZB[lq
lpeB[lh [h<lI[BelhR
*
!#
*
&!*
*
(* "#!$#$!*
* *3
0BRqhBeRZB[lq
*3
5BqRhBeBqRG*hP[[PBe~4ZRq>ZBh ZR0lZRq
* * 4
>ZR(RhR~[ lV%Bg[e<qIqR
*
"
* "!
#
* *
,[h![~Iq[g[hB[lh
*;
0BRZl[IR
*
# * *
$"" * *"
6=+
[[MMb[&&[~[7`[D&U[([[
Dn "?
1 1h
1
1 1
by University of Guelph on 07/06/12. For personal use only.
1
1
1
1
1
1
C J
1
1
C W
} (
T
1
u ?
WV F f j
)WFfj/
A&b( W
L B
1
o
1
C ?
B
( ? X
o
B
vo ?
xB( f
X
o
(
J
( W 7N[
1
? 7&[
( O1
1
o a
u _
D&r "?
9 QK2 )A&&e
KB
;
^2,T L:
,
K
,
9 K dKK )A&Ne
H
d
T
KV ;= ,
K , J
9
Annu. Rev. Psychol. 1989.40:581-602. Downloaded from www.annualreviews.org
x 2L
9 kKV k
2
X
`B
,^ { {^P ^ C y
;,K
:
:K
l
K)7&De
K
2
, xBL kL T
L
p ,
g
A&De
K
Q c9
L
,:
:LW:^
L K
L
KB
9 W
L :
L : :
,
c
)A&De
)7&7C :^X
;
Q
Q
)A&&e9 k
`
, : :
, ;
2
)T
TA&De
)
w7&Ne9 K
,L
K
L
W
)7&De9 W,
K , ^
KB
)A&De9 :
:
,Kh
)99 w2 l
7&Ne9
k
K ,
V
,K
KK
, h
9 c 2L
L
; KX
,;
K
L
:
2
K
K
=
)Q 7&& gK
A&
lz g
,A&beC c:
=
,:
,
;
=
K
K
,
)g 7&DeS
; ;
)j 7&&p T
A&De,; ,
)A&Dp
A&beL
D&M "?
@
)Q"" 7&&R1
"
da"@P"?
)7Mb@a
"
"
@ B "
" @
C ?
""@
"
P J
"
@
Annu. Rev. Psychol. 1989.40:581-602. Downloaded from www.annualreviews.org
"1
" "
1
"
@" @ "
"@ "
C
"
@ "P
"
" @@
"
" " " "
C
"
@
"
"PPP
""
"@
P
C
"
@ "
@1 "
P
@ "
@
" "
"
P
@
@
P" " "
I
"
@ "P
}
"PP"
@
1 "
@
"
" "
@P
"
P "
@
C
@ 2
P "
" @ " =" "
""
@P"
""P
PC ?
1 @ =
1 Q
"
" "
"P
@P@"`@@
PX
" @
"
@
P
@
1 "
B "
)CC QP "
7&MC "
@
@
P "
P
"" " "" @ " =h
" "
"")(C @
H7&NRC ?
""@@"@
" " @ @"1 " " P%P"
" @ @""1
""" "" " " @
( ?
" "
"
1
4
0
4
0040
44.
I
4 . 4
44
L 00 ]
0
. 44I 0 = 0 ]0
4
.L ]0 0 .
0 ]0 .
h
0. ] 0 4
4I
J44.]0
44
0 040
4
Annu. Rev. Psychol. 1989.40:581-602. Downloaded from www.annualreviews.org
4
( F i( T
7~/ 0 4 0
4
2
00.
.4
I 0
L
0]
0
44. 40
0.9 J000
44
.4 4
L
]
0
4
(&0&2#--=? <12,3? #5? 5)&? -&9&-? 1'? 6)&? */%+:*%7#-? )14&? */%*;+%8#-4? .146? &''&$>
0
.
00
.4
0 0 00
I
02
4
. ]O)7r/(w
0
04
(0=04040
4
L 4
0.
I 0 44. 4
4.
0
4
(
0
44.
] .. }0 4( 0 .
0
4
0.
0 4
4
..
0 ]0
0 . 4 0 4 0
0
]
. 4 4.
( J00 ]0
4 ] .L 0
.4 0 .= 4
4
4
.I c0L ]0 .
4 h
4
0. ]
4 ] ] .=h
] 9 0L
4 .
.
4L
.
.
ig 7Nep
0
0 ]
4
] .
44I
)$!4 /"$4
k+
+ + +(
+
+ + +
5 + = 1 V
5
( 5 + ++ 5+
=
+ 1 += 5+
+ 5+5
5+
( W + Y 5
+ + 1 +
1 +Y
52 +(5 + 5
Y5 \ + "+ 1
55
5+5
5 ` )g
7&[/(k
+ + 5 +
5+
5 ++
+( k
+ 5
? !
!? DA
Y
82 tJ
7nM/(H `
)
xAnb/C W
Y
Y
)C O 7n O h
7nM/9
J
2(y
B
Annu. Rev. Psychol. 1989.40:581-602. Downloaded from www.annualreviews.org
tQV
7nM/9 H`
6
Y
{
)d2{ Hg7nC v{{ {
Y
X
Y
)v
7n/C
a
)
7C
Y
2Y
Y
D~ ?"?
!E 2(
!
!!
S =!!-S !
!E
=
!( ? - ! !-!
2
! .
!
!!E 2 - !
!
by University of Guelph on 07/06/12. For personal use only.
!-!
- !E
-
!-
E !-E
-2
!-!S E!!
!
!!!
- ! !-
E ! !! !
-
!
!
!!2
!-
!!
E
!-
! -
iF O
7/C ?-
!
!
- -
-
! ! =
!--
!
-
id
- H- 7N/(
!
-
!
!
i
d
! H 7N/( -=
S ! a- E! E
E! -
! -!!!
! -!-
@! ! - -@!
!-
-
- ! S
-
-!h
S
- !-
-
!- -
!!
! -- -!
=- )Q
! wO7M/ OES !
-=
!
-
iT
7M/(T
-
!
!!!
2
E
E
/ ! ! !E -
!
-
)
E
E
Dr "?
|1 3 G
( T
| 1 E31
` | E
1
I d1 Q
a
m
G
( F
3 m o m
= )O 7&M/(
c 3
o |
G )II j
7&&/( T
3GGm
mm m
G
G I F
j
o G
|
?`"I
)4 "4
|
|_ |
1 3
|
3 G
3
Em E
m I?
1 m E 3
m1
G 3EmG
3
E 3
I
Jm3 G = E G
) Q &b/( W 1 3 3
o m m
G =X
)Q
G
&/( J
G
1
) lEG A&/9
" ( OE3 m
E 31
E
o I Q E
3
|
? !
!? DD
$ % % .
$% $% 6
% $.% $ 6
G$%)((c
7N/C O$\ %6%
$$ %
$ $%
$ 6
$
C ?6
6
$ 6 $%. $
!(. )(#. )Q
$%A&b/\ $ %$ 66%
6$
.
$. %$6
(.%
a..$ $
=G 6\ .% $ 6
$
%
( ?6 $%.} $ $.
$ %
.$% % ..
(O$\
.$
%
$2Z%
6.% 6$
`. $%
C
%
6
% .% % %$%$66$Z
.Z\$%6
6. $ 6 % 6$ $ 2%
6.% . $ .
Annu. Rev. Psychol. 1989.40:581-602. Downloaded from www.annualreviews.org
C d$
% 66 z
$ $.
$. \ 6 6$G $
$.$ Z%%%$2 $ .Z%%G
} )l
G
A&&/(
by University of Guelph on 07/06/12. For personal use only.
TZ6
$ %\ %$
% G.
$%
% . p %h
.%Z6$6
.% %$%6 $%6
( %
.
6
Z $ ).$
$
%/ $ % $ )%Z
$X
% % .$
Z\
$$% % $6 %$%6% % 6%
.$.$%
?6
% g A&[p Q
7&D/p 6
G $ $.
$ %C
J$% 6 $
2 Z%
%
$ 6$ 6$
$%
6Hz$ OZ
$$.ZZs$.= )HOs/$ 6$
)Q6.
A&Dp B2 NM/C ?6 HOs %
% 6 O`~ $% $
6$$
$ 7N Z% 6$
% $ $ % G % }6 %
$6$ (O$
% Z
%$%% Z
%
% O` G.
\ %.Z%$ Z6.%
%$
6
C ?6
G .%.$ %6$
.%66.G
$
.$% $ Z % $ %Z%
C H .. $ 2 6
%$%
$% $ $
6 $% 6 % O`~G.
C s$%
%
%
$ $$
\ Z% 6
. $ HOs\ .$
Z%G$ $
6% Z
% G$6
)Q$%A&N/(?6
HOs$%
2$% %%
pG
.
$ 6 6
%
$ % %
(
J
$$%67N66$$
$$6$
\ % %2 $6HOs\
6
? $
C F$ `
6 6 % 6$$BG$
=
%% .$.
$%
\ $.Z$6%
$ $Z$%G$$
(H%
6$
% % .%G 6 .%
% 6
%% G.
6 6% 6$
6$BG$
$ 6 $
C O$\ 6
6.%%
..
% .% %$
O` G\ 6
%$ 6
$
) x%%$% 7&Dp
x%%$% 7&D/(
DM !?
J
3
#
#
# 3 #
#
# #
9 F
##
#
# # ##8
3
3 #
# #
3
9 J
#3
#
)H#
#
U&M/I
Annu. Rev. Psychol. 1989.40:581-602. Downloaded from www.annualreviews.org
J
3
#
#
##3##
)g#
h
U&/L # ###3
8
#
#
I ? ## #
by University of Guelph on 07/06/12. For personal use only.
3
3
)(IT#
#U&U/#
#
V
##3
I
f3 =
##
## ## #3 3#
#
=
##
2
( ?
# w
)U/
##8 #
# #8 #B
#
#
#
##I
#3
2
i#
U&/\
# ##
iO
U/\
#
##
#
i
#
U&/\ #
#33#
il#3
HU&~/C J=
3
8#
3 c
# )U&/C
J 2 3 33#
Z ##
#3 #
##`
2 6#31 T#
# #
)?##
U/C c=
1
#
#B
iF#3#c# #
U&D/\
)Oh
# #
U&/\
#
iF# U&M/\ # # #
ijU&b/ #3
3(
#
##
# 3 #
#
1
#
#X
#
#
#
#B
ij#2 U&b/ # #a
#
# # # )j U&/I
3 33#
#
##
1 #
\ #
##3
X
# 3
( H#
)U&[/ 3
##3
#
#
#3
##3
)(
M/IT j#2)U/3 3
3
#3
? "
"? DN
J
S
7N[S =
L
::
:
: S
u y
(J
1
::S ::
(x
q
=: S
:qq
9
q
:
u cq
: ) F 7&b/9 W h
: q
q
:
u
D& Q
DEQVW`SJHTJV^
'%')%. '.
2 Q?& > 4 * @ '<I /& 6 4 :d $ #LI
$!d (( : 2 # =K] g q 433
1 *& '' )0" /L& ? >& 4 * G #!+
2 & @ P 4 ) | P! !< ( g Amme *""0 )
' $ U PCiJS ]i ?SrSGtCS /LN l >& :!& G /& l& / 4 "
Annu. Rev. Psychol. 1989.40:581-602. Downloaded from www.annualreviews.org
X lV > l=T S~
F%9 c+ F% > : P& g
R H 1"" >M
V
d
% + K
F V ) lgpBx B`S =lK` Be
M
=K` ShKT "9 50 )
;SKlXh`` lh @D `
SA HB >
. - 6
\ V H
7 >
by University of Guelph on 07/06/12. For personal use only.
F.
Y / 5J F.
W .
B%B HS
7 J R :
%M _ >lp`N ~ ` h ZS)` ~ l| lV %
. ( .
%
5~KZlelX 6 2 f# f 1BKBN B geBB
. 1 BKBKB
$ ~ ~ 50 $ VPC bgzmp
+k
8x]gBof
>
# "53"0 1 "
F
D
- "J Fi
%.
d
#S
R 2 J 76
7 \ 2
a
=K` g 5"q9 1 1
.
+ + j
F
D
- 7
7 F >W ( #%+
W
+ SM
A
I
%
#%+
(
=I`Uj IU ) 1 0 5
%.
.i h]g
U ZB
.
M%M(
+.
I )A 5 3] "
J 2SGx =gp 1oy` )5t 1 4 6 / 6 Y
J 4 5 -
-+
T 7 YJ F # #%W
.%DB
%
I
%+
o
+ 5~
KK + hh2@ KBP
=K`
KZle
ee 95"0" 1 )9 3)01 5
- - F ) _
B
6
F ? 2 hh
+ %Bo % V
.
I ;T 6IZlf
3 550
K T ZBsF` h=K` 9))0 6. 6 6 Y
5 -
3
.
%
%
D 2T sl~K`
-D
#
B - 2J -
S ` lGSZB ;S
9)]
.
B #%+
KK
6 ? 5 lG` lXsBpZ` S~` h
.
^ :
;S` la 5"A )505 #pSs` gSh Be 5~KZlelX
T
@YA
-D
#
B - 2 # >
>
#
% g 2B 1 A3 0 3 6
Y J R
V : /
aj?
-D
#
B - 2 lgpBsB` S5~ p -
- 2 15 2
%
MK
KZo eoX ` h ZT >Tj`T Z Tj } @D W
kj Ua IBQ
`
S9 h @
?% )A0
-D
#
M - 2 J # ' lhPB` lh~ lV 6
/ P6
? 2^5 :
K
lgpBsFb S5~KZlelX @D `
S h v v
(
%.a
@
?% 5Z`l~ >x Bh~ ;
=lK / lhPlh =Sx
-D
#
M - 2 5 .T BPSx ~ ` h ZS )3A 1 50"
= P lV h` gBe T ZB` lx l 6a H 7 :% f / 1 TM #
G` lX{ BpZ` IBe5 Sx ~pT K` S~ RD
#
V29 S
A
(
/S + V
.%M.
h` g SZB )o 1 "0
-D
#
B - 2 \% .
+ 6#
2 @ V% ? Y J 2
@ \
.
M%M ( M 2SGz =gp
3 V
.
.
B
1 l` )5 53 #%W
@
DB
D
#
B - 2 # f
h` gSZB 95
M[[ !?