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When the amount of raw data is large, it is better

presented in a table of frequency distribution.
Computing measures of central tendency for
Chapter 3 grouped data is different from computing raw data.
Part 2 (Grouped Data)
Numerical Descriptive Measures of
Data
bmath1201.blogspot.com

(b) Median
(a) Mean

Mean = =

Where Where n = sample size

Lm = lower limit of the median class
fm-1 = cumulative frequency before the median class
fm = frequency of median class
c = median class size
class size = upper class boundary lower class
boundary

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(c) Mode d) Variance and Standard Deviation.

Mode =
1 !
Variance; s ! $ !

1

Where L = lower limit of the class containing mode,

& ' ; (
c = size of the class containing mode,
f0 = frequency of the class containing mode,
f1 = frequency of the class before the class
containing mode, and
f2 = frequency of the class after the class
containing mode.

Third Quartile,
e) Quartiles

First Quartile,

Where
L1 = lower limit of the first quartile class,
n = number of observations,
F1 = cumulative frequency before the first quartile class,
f1 = frequency of the first quartile class, and
c1 = first quartile class size.
Where
L3 = lower limit of the third quartile class,
n = number of observations,
F3 = cumulative frequency before the third quartile class,
f3 = frequency of the third quartile class, and
c3 = third quartile class size.

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Example
Table 4.3 shows the years of working experience for one- a) Mean, median and mode.
hundred-and-twenty employees of Jimmys company.
b) Variance and standard deviation.
c) First and third quartiles.

Calculate the following statistics for the data:

Solution: (a) Mean Finally, we compute the arithmetic mean.

First, we construct a column for the mid-point (xi) (for
example column 3 in Table 4.4).
Next, we construct a column for fixi (product of frequency
where xi is the mid-point) and obtain the sum of fixi. =

= 12.4

This means, that on an average, the employees in

Jimmys company have 12.4 years of working experience
each.

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Solution: a) Median Step 2: Identify the class that contains the

Step 1: Obtain the cumulative frequency median and obtain the median location.

120
60
2 2

Position 60 lies between 37-64. This means that

the class interval 9-12 is the median class.

Step 3: Apply the formula.

Solution: a) Mode
The mode class is 9-12 since the frequency is the
highest. Thus, 4 28, 6 20, ! 24,
12.5 8.5 4.0 8 9.
60 36
, 9. 14 12. 428
28

( c = upper class boundary lower class boundary

= 12.5 8.5 = 4 )
This means that 50% of employees have a working
experience of less than 12.428 years and the other 50%
have a working experience of more than 11.9 years.

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Solution: b) Variance and Standard Deviation Variance;

Create the column !
1 !
s! $ !

Years of Number of Mid-point <; ! 1
1 1488 !
5182.8
Experience Employees
:;
23,634 43.5529
1-4 16 2.5 40 100 120 1 120 119
5-8 20 6.5 130 845
9-12 28 10.5 294 3087 Standard Deviation;
13-16 24 14.5 348 5046
17-20 16 18.5 296 5476 ( 43.5529 6.5995
21-24 11 22.5 247.5 5568.75
25-28 5 26.5 132.5 3511.25
Total 120 $ 1,488 23,634

Solution: c) Quartiles Solution: c) Quartiles

Step 1: Create the cumulative frequency
Step 1: Obtain the cumulative frequency
Step 2: Identify the location or position of the first and third
quartiles.
Step 3: Determine the values of Q1 and Q3 using their formulae.

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Step 2: Identify the location or position of the first and third Step 3: Determine the values of Q1 and Q3 using their formulae.
quartiles.

> 6!4
Location of =6 ? ?
30; (so, interval 5-8).

> 6!4
Location of =@ 3 ?
3 ?
90; (so, interval 17-20).

End of Chapter 3