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Tablet coating
COATING: Coating is a process by which a thin-film polymer is applied on granules or
tablets to confer specific benefits. It is applied to a wide range of oral dosage forms.
Sugar Coating
Successive application sucrose based solution to coat a tablet by using suitable coating
equipment. The sugar coating process follows six main steps:
1. Sealing or water proofing:
Objective: To provide moisture barrier into the tablet core.
Without it, tablets would absorb excess moisture, leading to tablet softening or
disintegration and affecting the physical and chemical stability of the finished product.
Common materials used as a sealant include Shellac, Zine, Cellulose acetate
phthalate (CAP), Hyroxylpropylcellulose, Hyroxypropylmethylcellulose etc | 1
2. Sub coating: it causes a rapid buildup tablet size and round of the tablet edges.
Gelatin, gum acasia, calcium carbonate is the example.
Example:
1. Shellac but it is now avoid because it is responsible for growing of microorganism.
2. Cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP)
3. Polyvinyl acetate phthalate (PVAP)
4. Eudragit.
All of this components have - COOH group, which is acidic in nature. For this reason
drugs not release in stomach. In intestine drugs releases because stomach is basic in nature.
Difference between sugar coating and film coating tablet.
Subject Sugar coating tablet Film coating tablet
1. Appearance Round with high degree Return original coat of the
of polish coating. tablet.
2. Weight increase 30 to 50% 2 to 3%
due to coating
materials
3. Logo/Break line Not possible. Is possible.
4. Stages Multi stage process. Single stage process.
5. Batch coating time 8 hours or longer 1.5 to 2 hours
6. Sustain or control Usually not possible Easily possible.
release
7. Coating of Possible but not Possible and applied effectively
granules beneficial for industries. in case of film coating.
Picking and Sticking: It is defect where isolated areas of film are pulled away from the
surface when the tablet sticks together and then part.
Picking does not occur alone it must have another tablet to be struck with which called
sticking.
Causes Inefficient drying.
Higher rate of application of coating solution.
Over wetting
Remedy Use optimum and efficient drying conditions.
Reduce liquid application rate.
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