EXAM II

HEAT TRANSFER
May 11, 2016
I. Explain the following terms: (9%) III. Consider a steady-state heat conduction
(1) Similarity transformation problem in a rectangular plate. Its boundary
conditions are shown in the following figure.
(2) Explicit Formulation
Find the temperature solution of the plate.
(3) Biot number (12%)
y
II. Answer the following questions: (21%)
y=H
T=0
(1) In what condition can the convective
boundary condition be assumed as an
T=0 T=1
insulated boundary condition?
(2) In solving a 2-D steady heat conduction T=0
problem, the variable separation is used. It is O x
x=W
assumed T = X(x)Y(y). Put this relation into
the energy equation and the equation can IV. Consider the semi-infinite solid shown in
rearranged as the following figure maintained at some
1 d2X 1 d 2 Y initial temperature Ti. The surface
constant
X dx 2 Y dy2 temperature is suddenly lowered and
Why are they equal to constant? maintain at a temperature T0.
(3) What assupmtions should be made for the
following heat diffusion equaiton?
T 2T
2
t x
(4) In the following finite difference T0
Ti
formulation of the heat diffusion equation,
the difference expression used for the time
derivative T/t is forward difference or
backward difference? Why?
x
Ti,nj1 Ti,nj
(a) Solve the temperature distribution for this
t
transient problem. (12%)
T n 1 2Ti,nj1 Tin1,1j Ti,nj11 2Ti,nj1 Ti,nj11 (b) Draw the temperature profiles varying with
i1, j
x 2
y 2 x for several different time steps. (3%)
(5) What are the two kinds of error by using the
finite difference to simulate the heat V. A solid body has a very high thermal
transfer problems? conductivity, whose volume and surface area
are V and A. It is put in a fluid, whose
(6) What is the lumped-heat-capacity system?
temperature is T and the convective heat
In what conditions can the system be transfer coefficient is h. The initial
applied? temperature of the solid body is T0 and its
(7) What are the advantage and disadvantage of thermal conductivity, density and specific
the explicit method in solving transient heat are k, and C. Derive the temperature
problems with the finite difference expression of the body in terms of time. (8%)
method?

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 (i) Write down the governing equation (an
ordinary differential equation of second
T0 h, T order) and the boundary conditions of ss.
(3%)
(ii) Write down the governing equation and the
VI. A plane wall of thickness 2L, thermal initial and boundary conditions of t. The
conductivity k, and diffusivity (shown in governing equation is homogeneous and so
the following figure) is in thermal are the boundary conditions. (4%)
equilibrium with a surrounding fluid at T. (4) Solve ss and t. (10%)
Suddenly, constant uniform generation (q''',
W/m3) begins in the wall. The fluid VIII. Derive the finite difference equation for
convective environment is such that h >> the interior node, (m, n), near the curve
k/L. The governing heat conduction boundary. (15%)
equation is x (m, n+1)
ax
2T 1 T q 2
y
x 2 t k C.V. by
By using superposition, separation of (m,n)
(1+b)y/2 1 (m+1, n)
variables, and appropriate boundary and
initial conditions, obtain an expression for
the transient, non-dimensional temperature
profile (m, n-1)
T(x*, t*) T (1+a)x/2

L2q / k
C.V. : control volume
where t* = t/L2 and x* = x/L. (25%) 2 2 2
T+ Tm+1,n + Tm,n-1 +
-L L b(b 1) a 1 b 1
2 1 1
T- 2( + )Tm,n = 0
a(a 1) a b
h, T h, T
for x = y.

IX. Derive the finite difference equation of

x implicit formulation for an intersect point (the
Hint: point (i,j) shown in the following figure) of
(1) Write down the initial and boundary two heat-insulated boundaries for a two-
conditions. (3%) dimensional transient problem of heat
(2) Non-dimensionalize the governing equation transfer. (10%)
and the initial and boundary conditions with q 0
(i-1, j) (i, j)
TT 2
2 , t* = t/L and x* = x/L. (5%)
L q / k q 0
(3) Assume ss (x*) t (x*, t*) , where ss
is the steady solution and t is the transient (i, j-1)
solution which will be approaching zero as
time is close to the infinity. ss is used to y
take care of the non-homogeneous term in x
the governing equation (i.e., the heat source
term).

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