Reviewer: OINA LE & UE

Muscles of the Pectoral O I N A

Region:
Pectoralis Major Clavicular portion- medial Bicipital groove of humerus Clavicular part: Lateral ADDUCTS AND ROTATES
half of clavicle; (lateral lip) Pectoral nerve ARM MEDIALLY
Sternocostal portion- Sternocostal part: Medial
sternum & upper 6 costal Pectoral nerve
cartilages
Pectoralis Minor 3rd -5th ribs Coracoid process of scapula Medial pectoral nerve PULLS THE SHOULDER
DOWNWARD &
FORWARD; ELEVATES THE
RIBS IF SHOULDER IS FIXED
Subclavius 1st costal cartilage clavicle Nerve to subclavius DEPRESSES THE CLAVICLE
Serratus Anterior Outer surfaces of the upper Anterior surface of the Long thoracic nerves PROTRACTS THE MEDIAL
8 ribs medial border of scapula BORDER OF SCAPULA;
ROTATES THE SCAPULA
UPWARD;
ELEVATES THE RIBS
DURING FORECED
INSPIRATION

Muscles of the Scapula:

Deltoid Anterior fibers: Lateral 3rd Deltoid tuberosity (of Axillary nerve ABDUCTS THE ARM
of anterior border of humerus) (mid.fibers)
clavicle FLEXES & MEDIALLY
Middle (acromial) fibers: ROTATES THE ARM
lateral border of the (ant.fibers)
acromion process EXTENDS & LATERALLY
Posterior fibers: lower ROTATES THE ARM
border of the spine of (post.fibers)
scapula

Supraspinatus Supraspinous fossa (of Greater tuberosity (upper Suprascapular nerve ABDUCTION OF THE ARM
scapula) facet- humerus) (assists the deltoid)
Infraspinatus Infraspinous fossa (of
scapula)
Subscapularis Subscapular foss (scapula)
Teres Minor Upper 2/3 posterior
surface of the lateral
border of scapula
Teres Major Lower 1/3-posterior
surface-lateral border of
scapula
Muscles of the Arm:
Biceps brachii Long head: Supraglenoid
tubercle
Short head: Coracoid
process of the scapula
Coracobrachialis Coracoid process
Brachialis Front of the lower half of
the humerus
Triceps brachii Long head: Infraglenoid
tubercle;
Lateral head: posterior
surface of the humerus
above the spiral groove
Medial head: post.surface
of humerus below the
spiral groove
Muscles of the Forearm:
Pronator Teres Humeral head: Medial
epicondyle of humerus
Ulnar head: medial border
of coronoid process of ulna
Flexor carpi radialis Medial epicondyle of humerus
Greater tuberosity (middle
facet-humerus)
Lesser tuberosity
(humerus)
Greater tuberosity (lower Axillary nerve
facet- humerus)
Bicipital groove- (medial
lip-humerus)
Radial tuberosity
Deep fascia of the forearm
via the bicipital
aponeurosis
Middle of the medial side
of the humerus
Coronoid process of ulna
Olecranon process of ulna
Lateral aspect of shaft of
radius
nd rd
Base of 2 3 metacarpalbones
Suprascapular nerve
Upper and lower
subscapular nerve
LATERALLY ROTATES THE
Lower subscapular nerve
Musculocutaneous nerve
Musculocutaneous nerve
Musculocataneous nerve; a
small part is supplied also
by Radial nerve
Radial nerve
Median nerve
Median nerve
STRONGEST LATERAL
ROTATOR OF THE ARM
MEDIALLY ROTATES THE
ARM
ARM
MEDIALLY ROTATES &
ADDUCTS the arm
FLEXES THE SHOULDER
AND ELBOW JOINT;
SUPINATES THE FOREARM
FLEXES AND ADDUCTS THE
ARM
FLEXES THE ELBOW JOINT;
true flexor of the elbow
EXTENDS THE ELBOW
PRONATION & FLEXION OF
FOREARM
FLEXES & ABDUCTS HAND @

Palmaris longus Medial epicondyle of
humerus
Flexor carpi ulnaris Humeral head: Medial
epicondyle of fumerus
Ulnar head: med.aspect of
Olecranon process and
post.border of ulna
Flexor digitorum Humeroulnar head: Medial
superficialis epicondyle (humerus) &
medial border of coronoid
process (ulna)
Flexor digitorum Anteromedial surface
profundus shaft of ulna
Flexor pollicis longus Anterior shaft of radius
Pronator quadratus Anterior shaft of Ulna
Brachioradialis Lateral supracondylar ridge
of humerus
Extensor carpi radialis Lateral supracondylar ridge
longus of humerus
Extensor carpi radialis Lateral epicondyle of
brevis humerus
Extensor digitorum Lateral epicondyle of
humerus
Extensor digiti minimi Lateral epicondyle of
humerus
Extensor carpi ulnaris Lateral epicondyle of
humerus
Anconeus Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Flexor retinaculum and
palmar aponeurosis
Pisiform bone, hook of
hamate base of 5th
metacarpal bone
Middle phalanx of medial
four fingers
Distal phalanges of medial
4 fingers
Distal phalanx of thumb
Anterior shaft of radius
Base of styloid process of
radius
Base of 2nd metacarpal
bone
Post.surface of the base of
3rd metacarpal bone
Middle & distal phalanges
of the medial 4 fingers
Extensor expansion of little
finger
Base of the 5th metacarpal
bone
Lat.surface- olecranon process of
ulna
wrist joint
Median nerve FLEXES HAND
Ulnar nerve FLEXES & ADDUCTS HAND
@ wrist joint
Median nerve FLEXES MIDDLE PHALANX
OF FINGERS AND ASSISTS
FLEXING PROXIMAL
PHALANX & HAND
Ulnar and Median nerve FLEXES DISTAL PHALANX
OF FINGERS; ASSIST IN
FLEXION OF MIDDLE &
PROXIMAL PHALANGES &
WRIST
Anterior interosseous FLEXES DISTAL PHALANX
OF THUMB
Anterior interosseous PRONATES FOREARM``
branch of median nerve
Radial nerve FLEXES ELBOW. ROTATES
FOREARM TO MIDPRONE
POSITION
Radial nerve EXTENDS & ABDUCTS
HAND @ wrist joint
Deep branch of radial EXTENDS & ABDUCTS
nerve HAND @ wrist joint
Deep branch of radial EXTENDS FINGERS & HAND
nerve
Deep branch of radial EXTENDS METACARPO-
nerve PHALANGEAL JOINT OF
LITTLE FINGER
Deep branch of radial EXTENDS & ADDUCTS
nerve HAND at wrist joint
Radial nerve EXTENDS ELBOW Jt.
Supinator Lateral epicondyle of
humerus; Ulnar ligament of
proximal radioulnar joint;
and Ulna
Abductor pollicis longus Post. Surface of radius &
ulna
Extensor pollicis brevis Post. Surface of radius &
ulna
Extensor pollicis longus Post. Surface of radius &
ulna
Extensor indicis Post. Surface of radius &
ulna
Neck and shaft of radius Deep branch of radial
nerve
Base of 1st metacarpal Deep branch of radial
bone nerve
Base of proximal phalange Deep branch of radial
of thumb nerve
Base of distal phalange of Deep branch of radial
thumb nerve
Extensor expansion of Deep branch of radial
index finger nerve
SUPINATION OF FOREARM
ABDUCTS & EXTENDS
THUMB
EXTENDS THE PROXIMAL
PHALANX OF THUMB AT
THE METACARPO-
PHALANGEAL Joint
EXTENDS DISTAL
PHALANGE OF THUMB
EXTENDS METACARPO-
PHALANGEAL jt OF INDEX
FINGER

Muscles of the Hands:

Palmaris brevis Flexor retinaculum, palmar Skin of palm Superficial branch of ulnar CORRUGATES SKIN TO
aponeurosis nerve IMPROVE GRIP OF PALM
Lumbricals (4) Tendons of flexor Extensor expansion of Lateral 2- median nerve FLEX METACARPO-
digitorum profundus medial 4 fingers Medial 2- ulnar nerve PHALANGEAL Joints
EXTEND
INTERPHALANGEAL joints
of fingers EXCEPT thumb
Interossei (8)
Palmar(4) 1st palmar from bases of Proximal phalanges of Deep branch of ulnar nerve PALMAR INTEROSSEI
1st metacarpal; thumb, index, ring, and ADDUCT FINGERS
Remaining 3-from the little fingers and dorsal TOWARD CENTER OF 3RD
ant.surface of shafts of 2nd, FINGER
3rd, 4th, 5th metacarpal
bones
Dorsal (4) Contiguous sides of shafts Proximal phalanges of Deep branch of ulnar nerve ABDUCT FINGERS FROM
of metacarpal bones index, middle, and ring 3RD FINGER;
fingers and dorsal extensor
expansion
***Both palmar and dorsal flex metacarpophalangeal joints and interphalangeal joints!
Muscles of thumb:
Abductor pollicis brevis Scaphoid, trapezium, flexor Base of proximal phalange Median nerve ABDUCTS THUMB
retinaculum of thumb
Flexor pollicis brevis Flexor retinaculum Base of proximal phalange Median nerve FLEXES METACARPO-
of thumb PHALANGEAL joint of
thumb
Opponens pollicis Flexor retinaculum Shaft of metacarpal bone Median nerve PULLS THUMB MEDIALLY
AND FORWARD ACROSS
PALM
Adductor pollicis Oblique head: 2nd & 3rd Base of proximal phalange Deep branch of ulnar nerve ADDUCTS THUMB
metacarpal bones; of thumb
transverse head: 3rd
metacarpal bone

Muscles of Little finger:

Abductor digitiminimi Pisiform bone Base of proximal phalanx of Deep branch of ulnar nerve ABDUCTS LITTLE FINGER
little finger
Flexor digitiminimi Flexor retinaculum Base of proximal phalanx of Deep branch of ulnar nerve FLEXES LITTLE FINGER
little finger
Opponens digitiminimi Flexor retinaculum Medial border of 5th Deep branch of ulnar nerve PULLS 5TH METACARPAL
metacarpal bone FORWARD AS IN CUPPING
THE PALM

Muscles of the Thigh:

Sartorius ASIS Tibial shaft- upper medial Femoral nerve FLEXES, ABDUCTS,
surface EXTERNAL ROTATION OF
THIGH @ hip joint (FABER)
Iliacus Iliac fossa Converge and join the Lumbar plexus FLEXES THE THIGH on the
psoas tendon to form the trunk at the hip joint;
iliopsoas muscle to insert FLEXES THE TRUNK on the
at LESSER TROCHANTER thigh when the thigh is
fixed; and ROTATES THE
THIGH MEDIALLY
Psoas Roots of transverse processs, side of Lesser Trochanter Lumbar plexus Same as *Iliacus*
vertebral bodies and intervertebral
discs T12-L5
Pectineus Superior ramus of pubis
QUADRICEPS FEMORIS
Rectus femoris Straight head: ASIS
Reflected head: from Ilium
above acetabulum
Vastus lateralis Intertrochanteric line, base
of the greater trochanter,
linea aspera of femur, and
lateral deep fascia septum
Vastus medialis Intertrochanteric line,
medial lip of linea aspera,
medial deep fascial septum
Vastus intermedius Anterior and lateral surface
of femur
*end of quads
Gracilis Inferior ramus of the pubis
and ramus of ischium
(outer surface)
Adductor longus Pubis (front body)
Adductor brevis Inferior ramus of pubis
Adductor magnus Inferior ramus of pubis
Ramus of ischium
Ischial tuberosity
Linea aspera upper end Femoral nerve; some cases FLEXES AND ADDUCTS THE
it receives a branch from THIGH AT THE HIP JOINT
Obturator nerve
Via quadriceps tendon to Femoral nerve FLEXES THE THIGH (hip jt)
the patella EXTENDS the leg at the
knee jt
Via quadriceps tendon to Femoral nerve EXTENSION OF LEG AT THE
the patella KNEE JOINT
Via quadriceps tendon to Femoral nerve EXTENSION OF LEG AT THE
the patella KNEE JOINT
Via quadriceps tendon to Femoral nerve EXTENSION OF LEG AT THE
the patella KNEE JOINT
Tibial shaft (upper medial Obturator nerve ADDUCTS THIGH
surface) FLEXES KNEE
ROTATES LEG MEDIALLY
Linea aspera Obturator nerve ADDUCTOR, FLEXOR, AND
LATERAL ROTATOR OF
THIGH
Linea aspera Obturator nerve ADDUCTOR, FLEXOR, AND
LATERAL ROTATOR OF
THIGH
Adductor portion: Post. Obturator nerve (adductor ADDUCTS AND ROTATES
Surface of femur from the portion) LATERALLY THE THIGH
quadrate tubercle above Sciatic nerve (hamstring AND HELPS TO FLEX THE
and along the linea aspera portion) HIPS (adductor portion).
to supracondylar ridge
below. EXTENDS THE HIP JOINT
Hamstring portion: (hamstring portion)
adductor tuburcle
HAMSTRING MUSCLES:
Biceps femoris Long head: Ischial Head of fibula Long head: Tibial nerve FLEXES & LATERALLY
tuberosity Short head: Common ROTATES LEG @ KNEE jt.
Short head: linea aspera peroneal nerve LONG HEAD-EXTENDS
and lateral supracondylar THIGH AT HIP JOINT
ridge of femur
Semitendinosus Ischial tuberosity Tibia (upper medial shaft) Tibial nerve FLEXES AND MEDIALLY
ROTATES LEG AT KNEE
JOINT;
EXTENDS THIGH AT HIP JT
Semimembranosus Ischial tuberosity Medial condyle of Tibia Tibial nerve FLEXES AND MEDIALLY
ROTATES LEG @ KNEE JT;
EXTENDS THIGH AT HIP JT
Adductor magnus Ischial tuberosity Adductor tubercle of femur Tibial nerve EXTENDS THIGH AT HIP
(hamstring portion) JOINT

GLUTEAL MUSCLES:
Gluteus maximus Outer surface of ilium, Iliotibial tract and gluteal Inferior gluteal nerve EXTENDS & LATERALLY
sacrum, coccyc, tuberosity of femur ROTATES THE HIP JT
sacrotuberous ligament THROUGH THE ILIOTIBIAL
TRACT
EXTENDS KNEE JT
Gluteus medius Ilium (outer surface) Greater trochanter (lateral Superior gluteal nerve ABDUCTS THIGH AT HIP
surface) JOINT
TILT PELVIS when walking
Gluteus minimus Ilium (outer surface) Greater trochanter Superior gluteal nerve ABDUCTS THIGH AT HIP
(anterior surface) JOINT
TILT PELVIS when walking
Tensor fascia latae Iliac crest Iliotibial tract Superior gluteal nerve ASSISTS G.MAX IN
EXTENDING THE KNEE JT
Piriformis Sacrum (anterior surface) Greater trochanter (upper 1st & 2nd sacral nerves/ LATERAL ROTATOR OF
border) nerve to Piriformis THIGH AT HIP jt
Obturator internus Inner surface of obturator Greater trochanter (upper Nerve to obturator LATERAL ROTATOR OF
membrane border) internus THIGH AT HIP jt
Superior gemellus Ischial spine Greater trochanter (upper Nerve to obturator LATERAL ROTATOR OF
border) internus THIGH AT HIP jt
Inferior gemellus Ischial tuberosity
Quadratus femoris Ischial tuberosity (Lateral
border)
Muscles of the Leg:
Tibialis anterior Upper half-lateral surface
of the tibia and the
adjoining interosseous
membrane
Extensor digitorum longus Lateral condyle of tibia;
most of the upper anterior
surface of the body of
fibula and interosseous
membrane (accdg JT
Hansen-Netters Anatomy)
Peroneus tertius Lower third of the anterior
surface of the fibula
Extensor hallucis longus Middle half of the
ant.surface of fibula
adjoining interosseous
membrane
Peroneus longus Upper 2/3 of the lateral
surface of fibula
Greater trochanter (upper Nerve to quadratus femoris LATERAL ROTATOR OF
border) THIGH AT HIP jt
Quadrate tubercle (femur) Nerve to quadratus femoris LATERAL ROTATOR OF
THIGH AT HIP jt
Medial Cuneiform and 1st Deep peroneal nerve EXTENDS THE FOOT @
metatarsal bone ankle joint
Inverts the foot at the
subtalar and transverse
tarsal jts assists in holding
up the medial longitudinal
arch
Base of middle and distal Deep peroneal nerve EXTENDS THE TOES AND
phalanges of the lateral 4 EXTENDS THE FOOT AT
toes THE ANKLE JOINT
Medial side of the base of Deep peroneal nerve EXTENDS THE FOOT AT
the 5th metatarsal bone THE ANKLE JOINT;
EVERTS FOOT AT
SUBTALAR AND
TRANSVERSE TARSAL
JOINTS
Base of the distal phalanx Deep peroneal nerve EXTENDS THE BIG TOE
of the big toe AND THE ANKLE JOINT;
ASSISTS IN INVERSION AT
THE SUBTALAR AND
TRANSVERSE JOINT
Medial cuneiform and base Superficial peroneal nerve FLEXES THE FOOT at ankle
of the 1st metatarsal joint
EVERTS THE FOOT AT THE
SUBTALAR AND
TRANSVERSE TARSAL JT
*serves as a tie for the

Peroneus brevis Lower 2/3 lateral surface- Base of 5th metatarsal
FIBULA
Gastrocnemius Lateral head: Lateral
condyle of femur
Medial head: above medial
condyle of femur
Soleus Shafts of tibia and fibula
Plantaris Lateral supracondylar ridge
of femur
Popliteus Lateral surface of Lateral
condyle of femur
Flexor digitorum longus Tibia (posterior surface)
Tibialis posterior Tibia and fibula
(post.surface)
Flexor hallucis longus Fibula (post.surface)
transverse tarsal arch and
holds the lateral
longitudinal arch
Superficial peroneal nerve *SAME action as peroneus
longus m.
Tendo-calcaneus into Tibial nerve PLANTAR FLEX FOOT
post.surface of calcaneum FLEX KNEES
Tendo-calcaneus into Tibial nerve POWERFUL PLANTAR
post.surface of calcaneum FLEXOR OF FOOT
post.surface of calcaneum Tibial nerve PLANTAR FLEX FOOT;
FLEX KNEE JT
Posterior surface of tibia Tibial nerve FLEX LEG AT KNEE JT;
above soleal line UNLOCK KNEE jt by
LATERAL ROTATION OF
FEMUR ON TIBIA &
SLACKENS THE LIGAMENT
OF the jt
Bases of distal phalanges of Tibial nerve FLEXES DISTAL PHALANGES
lateral 4 toes OF 4 TOES;
PLANTAR FLEX FOOT
SUPPRORS MEDIAL &
LATERAL LONGITUDINAL
ARCHES OF FOOT
Tuberosity of navicular Tibial nerve PLANTAR FLX FOOT
bone and other INVERTS FOOT AT
neighboring bones SUBTALAR AND
TRANSVERSE JT;SUPPORTS
MEDIAL LONGITUDINAL
ARCHES OF THE FOOT
Base of distal phalanx of Tibial nerve FLEXES DISTAL PHALANX
big toe OF BIG TOE;PLANTAR FLX
 FOOT; SUPPORTS MEDIAL
LONGITUDINAL ARCHES OF
THE FOOT

Muscle of the dorsum of

the foot:
Extensor digirotum brevis Ant.part and upper surface w/ 4 tendons: the most Deep peroneal nerve EXTENDS THE 1ST, 2ND, 3RD,
of calcaneum medial (extensor hallucis 4TH TOES AT
brevis) is attached to the INTERPHALANGEAL AND
base of the proximal METATARSO-
phalanx of the big toe; PHALANGEAL joints
the lateral 3 tendons join
the long extensor tendons
to the 2nd, 3rd, 4th toes

Muscles of the Sole of the

foot:
1st Layer
Abductor hallucis Medial tuberosity of
calcaneum and flexor
retinaculum
Flexor digitorum brevis Medial tuberosity of
calcaneum
Abductor digiti minimi Medial and lateral
tuberosities of calcaneum
2nd Layer:
Quadratus plantae Medial and lateral sides of
Aka: Flexor digitorum calcaneum
accessorius
Lumbricals Tendons of flexor
digitorum longus
Base of proximal phalanx of Medial plantar nerve FLEXES AND ABDUCT BIG
big toe TOE; BRACES MEDIAL
LONGITUDINAL ARCH
4 tendons to borders of Medial plantar nerve FLEXES LATERAL 4 TOES;
middle phalanx of the Braces medial and lateral
lateral 4 toes longitudinal arch
Base of proximal phalanx of Lateral plantar nerve FLEX & ABDUCT 5TH TOE;
5th toe braces lateral longitudinal
arch
Tendon of flexor digitorum Lateral plantar nerve ASSIST FLEXOR
longus DIGITORUM LONGUS IN
FLEXING LATERAL 4 TOES
Dorsal extensor expansion Medial Plantar nerve (1st EXTEND TOES at
lumbrical) interphalangeal joints
Lateral plantar nerve (3
remaining lumbricals)
Flexor digitorum longus
(tendon)
Flexor hallucis longus
(tendon)
3rd Layer:
Flexor hallucis brevis
Adductor hallucis
Flexor digiti minimi brevis
4th Layer:
Dorsal Interossei
Plantar interossei
Posterior surface - TIBIA
Post.surface- FIBULA
Cuboid, Lateral cuneiform,
tibialis posterior insertion
Oblique head: bases of 2nd.
3rd, 4th metatarsal bones
Base of the 5th metatarsal
bone
Adjacent sides of
metatarsal bones
Inferior surface of 3rd. 4th,
5th metatarsal bones
Bases of distal phalanges of Tibial nerve
lateral 4 toes
Base of distal phalanx of
big toe
Lateral tendon: Base of
phalanx of big toe (lateral
side)
Medial tendon: base of
phalanx of big toe (medial
side)
Lateral side of base of
proximal phalanx of big toe
Lateral side of base of
proximal phalanx of little
toe
Bases of proximal
phalanges:
1st dorsal interossei: medial
side of second toe
Remaining dorsal
interossei: lateral sides of
2nd, 3rd, 4th toes dorsal
extensor expansions
Medial side of bases of proximal
phalanges of lateral 3 bones
FLEXES DISTAL PHALANGES
OF 4 TOES;
PLANTAR FLEX FOOT
SUPPRORS MEDIAL &
LATERAL LONGITUDINAL
ARCHES OF FOOT
Tibial nerve FLEXES DISTAL PHALANX
OF BIG TOE;PLANTAR FLX
FOOT; SUPPORTS MEDIAL
LONGITUDINAL ARCHES OF
THE FOOT
Medial plantar nerve FLEX METATARSO-
PHALANGEAL JT OF BIG
TOE; SUPPORT MEDIAL
LONGITUDINAL ARCH OF
THE BIG TOE
Lataral plantar nerve FLEX METATARSO-
PHALANGEAL JT OF BIG
TOE; holds together
metatarsal bones
Lateral plantar nerve FLEX METATARSO-
PHALANGEAL JT OF LITTLE
TOE;
Lateral plantar nerve ABDUCTION OF TOES;
FLEXES METATARSO-
PHALANGEAL Jt;
EXTENDS INTER-
PHALANGEAL jts
Lateral Plantar nerves ADDUCTS TOES ; FLEXES
METATARSO-

Peroneus longus (tendon)
Tibialis posterior (tendon)
PHALANGEAL Jt;
EXTENDS INTER-
PHALANGEAL jts
Upper 2/3 of the lateral Medial cuneiform and base Superficial peroneal nerve FLEXES THE FOOT at ankle
surface of fibula of the 1st metatarsal joint
EVERTS THE FOOT AT THE
SUBTALAR AND
TRANSVERSE TARSAL JT
*serves as a tie for the
transverse tarsal arch and
holds the lateral
longitudinal arch
Tibia and fibula Tuberosity of navicular Tibial nerve PLANTAR FLX FOOT
(post.surface) bone and other INVERTS FOOT AT
neighboring bones SUBTALAR AND
TRANSVERSE JT;SUPPORTS
MEDIAL LONGITUDINAL
ARCHES OF THE FOOT
Made by: charm asinas B2015 =)