REVIEW

How many tenses are there?

12
Change the following sentence into 10
different tenses.
The ESL Club meets every semester.
 PRESENT

The ESL Club meets every semester.

The ESL Club is meeting every semester.
The ESL Club has met every semester.
The ESL Club has been meeting every semester.
 PAST

The ESL Club met every semester.

The ESL Club was meeting every semester.
The ESL Club had met every semester.
The ESL Club had been meeting every semester.
 FUTURE

The ESL Club will meet every semester.

The ESL Club is going to meet every semester.

The ESL Club will be meeting every semester.

The ESL Club is going to be meeting every semester.
*WE WONT BE STUDYING FUTURE PERFECT
*The ESL Club will have met every semester.
*The ESL Club is going to have met every semester.

*The ESL Club will have been meeting every semester.

*The ESL Club is going to have been meeting every
semester.
 PASSIONS CHAPTER 1

Present and Past:

Perfect and Perfect Progressive
 WHAT DOES PERFECT MEAN?

Perfect means prior, so you are

looking at two events: the before and
the after.

(See Canvas; click on Tenses; click on

class notes; click on attached file
Simple, Progressive, Perfect--
explanation of uses.pdf)
CH. 1 LESSON 1: PRESENT PERFECT

For the present perfect, what two events

are you looking at?
one event in the past
the past event connected to the
present

PAST X___PAST_______NOW--
EVENT #1 #2
 VERB FORM OF PERFECT

The complete verb phrase has two parts.

Auxiliary (Helping) Verb + Main Verb

HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE (-ED)

(have, has, had)

See Appendix 5 page 282 for irregular past

participle forms
 2.1 PRESENT PERFECT--AN EVENT THAT
HAPPENED AT AN INDEFINITE TIME IN
THE PAST.
1. Cuauhtemoc _______ (take) guitar
lessons.
2. She ___________ (change) her hair style.
3. Mitch _______ (have) problems at work.
4. Starbucks ________ (decide) to close
some stores.
5. Some ________ (not know) about the
repairs.
PRESENT PERFECTINDEFINITE TIME

1. Cuauhtemoc has taken guitar

lessons.
2. She has changed her hair style.
3. Mitch has had problems at work.
4. Starbucks has decided to close
some stores.
5. Some have not known about the
repairs.
2.2 PRESENT PERFECT WITH FOR/SINCE

I _____(teach) at IVC since the spring of 2000.

What does since mean?
to show when a present condition started
What are the two events?
teaching at IVC
spring of 2000
What is the action in the past?
teaching at IVC in the spring of 2000
What is the action in the present?
teaching at IVC in the spring of 2017
2.2 SINCE + A SPECIFIC PAST TIME

1. I _______(live) in the U.S. since the

spring of 2000.
2. It _____(be) 3 days since my cat
put a dead lizard in my bed.
3. Nestles ____(bottle) water from a
spring in California since 1990.
4. A US Geological survey _____
(show) lower water levels since
2005.
 PRESENT PERFECT WITH SINCE
1. I have lived in the U.S. since the
spring of 2000.
2. It has been 3 days since my cat put
a dead lizard in my bed.
3. Nestles has bottled water from a
spring in California since 1990.
4. A US Geological survey has shown
lower water levels in wells since
2005.
 2.2 PRESENT PERFECT WITH FOR
What does for mean?
an amount of time
1. For years, I __________ (grow) tomatoes in my
backyard.
2. China ______ (sell) frozen meat from the
1970s for awhile.
3. Researchers at University of CA at Berkeley
_____(worked) on a robot that is shaped like
a cockroach for 26 weeks.
4. Netflix _____(be) successful for over 15 years.
 PRESENT PERFECT FOR

1. For years, I have grown tomatoes in my

backyard.
2. China has sold frozen meat from the
1970s for awhile.
3. Researchers at University of CA at
Berkeley have worked on a robot that is
shaped like a cockroach for 26 weeks.
4. Netflix has been successful for over 15
years.
2.3 PRESENT PERFECT OR SIMPLE PAST

Time expressions in a sentence will

help you decide which tense to use.
1. My dad and his friends ____(go) on a
fishing trip last week.
2. My dad and his friends ____(go) on
fishing trips since they met.
3. They _____(decide) to go to Rosarito
yesterday.
4. They _____(decide) to go to Rosarito.
2.3 PRESENT PERFECT OR SIMPLE PAST

Time expressions in a sentence will

help you decide which tense to use.
1. My dad and his friends went on a
fishing trip last week.
2. My dad and his friends have gone on
fishing trips since they met.
3. They decided to go to Rosarito
yesterday.
4. They have decided to go to Rosarito.
PRESENT PERFECT
PROGRESSIVE
CHAPTER 1 LESSON 2
 WHAT DOES PERFECT MEAN?

Perfect means prior (before)

What does progressive mean?
ongoing actions; action in progress;
continuous action
In grammar, progressive and
continuous are synonyms.
 VERB FORM OF
PERFECT/PROGRESSIVE

This is a combination of two tenses.

The verb forms must show both tenses.
PERFECT = HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE (-ED)
PROGRESSIVE = BE + PRESENT PARTICIPLE (-ING)
 COMBINATION OF THE TWO
HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE OF BE + PRESENT PARTICIPLE
HAVE/HAS + BEEN + BASE-ING

been
have helping
PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE

Actions that started in the past and are

connected to the present.
These actions are not completed.
These puppies have been growing .
(have been) = perfect
(been growing) = progressive