INDUSRTAIL TRAINING TECHNICAL REPORT

ABDULWALI MUSE MOHAMED

SCHOOL OF ENVIROMENTAL ENGINEERING

CIVIL ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITY MALEYSIA PERLIS
2017
 INDUSRTAIL TRAINING REPORT
(INTRA 2017)
EAT302/4

KUMPULAN IKRAM SDN BHD

Block 6, Unipark Suria
Jalan Ikram-Uniten
43000 Kajang, Selangor
Malaysia

NAME : ABDULWALI MUSE MOHAMED

MATRIC : 141200069-1
PROGRAM : RK01-CIVIL ENGINEERING
SCHOOL : ENVIROMENTAL ENGINEERING
ACADEMIC SEASON : 2016/2017
 ABSTRACT
As the professional courses not only require the theoretical knowledge but practical knowledge
too, that is why university started conducting training programs for the students, so that they can
get ample view of practical problems.

Industrial training is an important phase of a student life. A well planned, properly executed and
evaluated industrial training helps a lot in developing professional attitude.

It develops an awareness of industrial approach to problem solving, based on a broad

understanding of process and mode of operation of organization. The aim and motivation of this
industrial training is to receive discipline, skills, teamwork and technical knowledge through a
proper training environment, which will help me, as a student in the field of civil engineering, to
develop a responsiveness of the self-disciplinary nature of problems in laboratory and
equipment.

During a period of two months training Gargaar Construction and Trading. As a result i vital to
achieve the minimum requirement of the company, it will help the company to doing the lab
work. Throughout this industrial training, I have been learned new labs that required for the civil
engineering
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I am very thankful to Allah Almighty for all graces, and second to Gargaar Construction and
Trading for giving me the opportunity to undertake my12 weeks of training in their working
area.
I would like to thank my internship mates for their commitment, help and making my industrial
training enjoyable and worthy to experience, also my colleague at the centre for their enlighten
and help throughout the training period. Also I would like to convey my heartiest thanks to
resident MR AHMED and all stuff member works in Gargaar Construction and Trading.
After my 12 weeks of training in Gargaar Construction and Trading, I feel that I am very
confident in performing duties successfully in my future career in any I would like to state my
highest gratitude towards my supervisor ENG MOHAMED for giving me the opportunity to
work in challenging and interesting topics, and for his valuable assistance, suggestions, and
continuous support throughout the training.
I believe that it has given me a good knowledge and experience about how to engineering in
practice in the real field. In my training period I have learnt about labor handling, project
management techniques and how to manage and solve a problems.
 TABLE OF CONTENT

INTRA VARIFICATION FORM

LETTER OF DECLARATION

ABSTRAC

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

TABLE OF CONTENT

CHAPTER I Company Profile

1.1. GENERAL
1.1.1 INTRODUCTION
1.1.2 Company Profile
1.1.3 Vision
1.1.4 Mission
1.1.5 Core Principles
1.1.6 Coverage Area
1.2 General Information of the Company
1.2.1 Founding Members
1.2.2 Board of Directors
1.3 Major Focus Areas
1.3.1 Construction of Residential, Industrial and Commercial buildings
1.3.2 Construction roads and bridges.
1.3.3 Water supply, sewerage and waste water treatment
1.3.4 Supply of Construction Material
1.4 Our Values
1.4.1 Quality
1.4.2 Health and Safety
1.4.3 Environmental Sustainability
1.4.4 Equal Opportunities & Workers well-being

1.5 Resources

1.6 Quality, Safety, Health and the Environment

1.7 Internal Control

1.7.1 Organisation Structure

1.7.2 KEY STAFF

1.7.3 COMPANY CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT

CHAPTER 2 MAIN ACTIVITIES

2.1 Site Clearance

2.2 Site Investigation
2.3 Excavation
2.4 Foundation
2.4.1 Laying and Foundation
2.5 Beam and Columns
2.6 Wall Construction
2.7 Slab

CHAPTER 3 Conclusion and Recommendations

3.1 Conclusion
3.2 Recommendations
CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

1.1 GENERAL
Industrial training is one of the best decision that universities offer to their students
during their study, which give the students the opportunity to be real engineers. During this
period of time industrial training enhance and encourage the students to think widely and out of
the box, whenever they are in the practical live, acting as engineers already, as well as applying
and extend the knowledge gained during their studies.
University Malaysia perils provides a placement for students to conduct their industrial training
within Gargaar Construction and Trading. The placement in one of the engineering department is
such a chance for student to do their 12 weeks training in site and apply their knowledge and
skills by assistance from professionals individuals and groups in many sectors of civil
engineering. This training gives the student the opportunity to see what they have studied and
how to deal with the practical life and fulfill the requirements of the course learning outcome of
civil engineering.
Gargaar Construction and Trading is a very decent company with quality working construction.
People in here are all open minded and friendly. They taught me much knowledge about lab in
terms of Slope failure during my training period.
My supervisor ENG MOHAMED is very enthusiastic person. He teaches and guide me
everything when I dont even know how to do it, and encourage me to do better which was a
good lift for my moral to do better anything no matter what.
I learned and gained knowledge in my work, which will give me more help in the future.
Now I can understand the work at site as an engineer experience and theory is important to solve
the problems better.
1.1.2 Company Profile:

Founded in June 2005, Gargaar Construction and Trading has gained a reputation for creating
and completing high quality infrastructure projects.

The company has a broad base of livestock experience and expertise in commercial livestock
exports involving cattle, goat and camel. We are a diverse company offering our customers
quality livestock internationally and domestically.

Gargaar Construction and Trading has on hand the most advanced infrastructure equipment to
build modern building structures using state of the art technology and skilled labour and also
import and sale high quality construction materials.

Gargaar Construction and Trading has pioneered both rehabilitation and construction works
including work on road systems, building infrastructure, and water systems in Somalia.

We pride ourselves on being skilled and experienced in all aspects of civil construction and this,
combined with our extensive knowledge of the Somali market, has established us as major
players in this industry.

We understand and promote the idea of working as a partnership with our clients to ensure their
goals are met. With the combination of innovation and excellence it is no wonder that we remain
a major competitor in the Somali Civil Construction Industry.

1.1.3 Vision

Our vision is to be effective in community development and to do business in all regions of

Somalia through providing high quality works and services, to make the company recognized as
a nation class company
1.1.4 Mission

To lead the way in construction and business sector and to work with national and international
institutions in the pursuit of high standard construction activities and to create customer
relationship based on mutual respect, professionalism, integrity, and deduction to its clients
needs

1.1.5 Core Principles

Honesty
Transparency
Constantly exceeding expectations
Accountability
Reliability, dedication and loyalty
Commitment

1.1.6 Coverage Area

Banadir, Lower Shabele, Middle Shabelle, Bay & Bakool regions

1.2) General Information of the Company

1.2.1 Founding Members

The founding members are the supreme authority of the organization and are the decision
makers. The founding members issues resolutions on the general policy, planning and
implementation strategies of the organization.

The founding members approve the constitution and elect the board of directors, to run the
overall activities of the organization

1.2.1 Board of Directors

The company has a board of directors comprising seven members. The board is charged with the
responsibility of ensuring that the overall operations of the organisation are being carried out as
planned and ensure efficient and effective utilization of human, material and financial resources
of the organization.

1.3 Major Focus Areas

Construction of Residential, Industrial, and Commercial buildings

Construction roads, and bridges
 Water supply and sewerage
Water & wastewater treatment
Supply of Construction Material

1.3.1 Construction of Residential, Industrial and Commercial buildings

Industrial and commercial projects command a specialist approach. Gargaar has completed a
variety of schemes ranging from the construction of small industrial units to large warehouse
facilities.

1.3.2 Construction roads and bridges.

Our projects range from rural routes in environmentally sensitive landscapes, to large scale urban
highways, featuring landmark structures of aesthetic merit, integrated within their location.

Bridges are designed and constructed to deliver cost effective solutions using industry leading
techniques in structural steel and reinforced concrete. Existing structures are strengthened and
repaired to meet the demands of increased usage.

Our technical skills are widely acknowledged, evidenced by many industry awards, which
complement our proven track record of delivery on time and within budget to exceed client
expectations.

1.3.3 Water supply, sewerage and waste water treatment

Its range of activities includes the delivery of water and sewerage services, as well as the design,
construction, installation, operation, utilization, management, maintenance, expansion and
renewal of water supply and sewerage systems. The Company also carries out pumping,
desalination, treatment, storage, transfer and distribution of all kinds of water, as well as works
and procedures of collection, transfer, storage, treatment and the management and distribution of
the waste treatment products.
1.3.4 Supply of Construction Material

Gargaar is both a construction and trading company and deals in the supply of local and
internationally manufactured construction Materials.

The Company owns sand, gravel pits, and rock quarries in Kaaraan and Dharkenley districts in
the outskirts of Mogadishu. The company also operates workshops for construction of bricks,
carpentry and metal welding.

Gargaar imports and has in stock large quantities of important construction materials such as
cement, steel bars, iron sheets and wood and does not require purchasing from the market. The
materials in stock could be used for the construction of 3 large scale projects implemented
simultaneously at the same period of time.

This provides Gargaar the advantage to complete all construction projects in the required
timeframe, without delay and fear of missing out materials in the market and rise in costs for the
construction materials.

1.4 Our Values

1.4.1 Quality

Quality is king at Gargaar Construction and Trading. We aim to make sure that the expectations
of the client, engineer and all stakeholders are fully complied with and that projects are delivered
with a high standard of workmanship in a timely manner. We always use products and materials
that meet or exceed the requirements of the contract documents and ensure our staff are
adequately trained.
1.4.2 Health and Safety

The health, safety and welfare of all staff, sub-contractors, clients and visitors is significantly
important to Gargaar Construction and Trading, and it is our intention to strive for excellence in
the effective health and safety management of all construction sites under our control.

We also aim to effectively mitigate all hazards arising from our facilities, activities and site
specific environments.

1.4.3 Environmental Sustainability

At Gargaar Construction and Trading we understand that environmental sustainability is

everyones responsibility and as a prominent local company we are prepared to lead the way in
this regard. We also realise that a commitment to the environment is not just socially responsible,
but also good business practice as we seek to increase our constantly growing reputation. For this
reason we ensure that our environmental policy is implemented throughout every facet of our
business.

Simply put, our overall objective is to carry out our operations in a way which manages and
minimises any adverse environmental impact and to prevent any pollution.

1.4.4 Equal Opportunities & Workers well-being

At Gargaar Construction and Trading we have an energetic and highly motivated team who
enjoy completing projects to the highest of industry standards.

Currently, we have approximately 58 staff on our team with a wide range of experience and
skills to ensure we can successfully deliver on any project. Very high average employment
duration of 5.25 years signifies the devotion, reliability, experience and commitment that
customers can expect us to provide on every job we undertake.

At Gargaar Construction and Trading we fully believe the adage Your staff are your most
important asset. We realise that the personal and professional development of our team is
imperative in ensuring the successful delivery of projects, and thus the success of our business.
We therefore invest in our staff through comprehensive training programmes, mentoring and
coaching. The rewards of this philosophy are inevitably shared with customers through increased
satisfaction and better quality service.

Our administration office is based in Mogadishu and have field offices in Badioa, Huddur,
Balad,and Qolyoley districts. Confining the majority of our business to these five districts
ensures that clients get local contractors with local knowledge and expertise.

1.5 Resources

We have an extensive fleet of machinery and equipment including the following:

Heavy Transporter (75 Tonne capacity)

Watercarts
Six-wheeler Tippers with Trailers
Tractor Units
Tractors
Crew Trucks / Small Tippers
Bulldozers and Scoops
Excavators and Skid Steel Excavators
Graders
Mowers
Rollers
Drainage Shields
Crawler Crane (50 Tonne)
 Forklifts
Other related small plant (plate compactors, etc)

Please note that if we do not currently have any equipment that is required for a project we will
hire it for the duration of that project at discounted prices and these savings are passed on to the
customer.

Equipment is available for hire subject to availability. Please contact us with your requirements.

It is the combination of these capital resources and our valuable human resources that enables us
to deliver a successfully completed project on budget and on time.

1.6 Quality, Safety, Health and the Environment

At Gargaar Construction & Trading Company, Quality, Safety, Health and the Environment are a
top priority as the Company is committed to providing a safe working environment for its
employees, subcontractors and the public

The Company has an established Quality, Safety and Environmental Department whose utmost
priority is to provide continuous support in all aspects of health, safety and the environment with
regards to its site and administrative operations, and in full conformance with all applicable
legislations. All employees are regularly trained in a variety of Health & Safety issues to ensure
continued awareness and up-to-date knowledge.

The employee and top management participation and strong commitment at every level of the
Company, has made Gargaar a pioneer in the Somali Construction Industry. Gargaar implements
and maintains a Quality Management System that enables the Company to comply fully to its
contractual commitments, as well as with the relevant legislation and the Construction Industry
Standards.
1.7 Internal Control

Internal control systems operate at different levels of effectiveness. Internal control can be
judged effective in each of the three categories, respectively, if the board of directors and
management have reasonable assurance that:

They understand the extent to which the entity's operations objectives are being achieved.
1. Published financial statements are being prepared reliably.
2. Applicable laws and regulations are being complied with.
3. While internal control is a process, its effectiveness is a state or condition of the process at
one or more points in time.

Roles and Responsibilities

Everyone in an organization has responsibility for internal control. Management The Director
is ultimately responsible and should assume "ownership" of the system. More than any other
individual, the chief executive sets the "tone at the top" that affects integrity and ethics and
other factors of a positive control environment. In a large company, the director fulfills this
duty by providing leadership and direction to senior managers and reviewing the way they're
controlling the business. Senior managers, in turn, assign responsibility for establishment of
more specific internal control policies and procedures to personnel responsible for the unit's
functions. Of particular significance are financial officers and their staffs, whose control
activities cut across, as well as up and down, the operating and other units of an enterprise.
Board of Directors

Management is accountable to the board of directors, which provides governance, guidance

and oversight. Effective board members are objective, capable and inquisitive. They also have
a knowledge of the entity's activities and environment, and commit the time necessary to
fulfill their board responsibilities. Management may be in a position to override controls and
ignore or stifle communications from subordinates, enabling a dishonest management which
intentionally misrepresents results to cover its tracks. A strong, active board, particularly
when coupled with effective upward communications channels and capable financial, legal
and internal audit functions, is often best able to identify and correct such a problem.

1.7.1 Organisation Structure

Chairman

Company Director

HR Director

Commercial Director Construction Director Financial Director

1.7.2 KEY STAFF

Position Number of persons

Chairman 1

Company Director 1

HR Director 1

Commercial Director 1

Construction Director 1

Finance Director 3

Skilled Manpower 18

Unskilled Manpower 32
1.7.3 COMPANY CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT

No Equipment description No of items Condition

1 Heavy-duty truck 4 Excellent

2 Excavators 2 Good

3 Portable concrete mixer 2 Good

4 Bulldozer 1 Excellent

5 Water tanker 2 Good

6 Tractors 1 Good

Truck mounted water drilling rig 1 Excellent

7 Water pump 5 Good

8 Roller compactor 2 Good

9 Vibrator 3 Good

10 Leveling instrument 2 Good

11 Grader 2 Good

12 Shovels/ forks/ wheel barrows/ 2000 Good

brooms

13 Water pump 4 Good

 CHAPTER 2

MAIN ACTIVES

2.1 SITE CLEARANCE

A no of conditions determine the kind of building that may be erected on a plot of ground. These
conditions determine where on the plot it may be located. There are also covenants that are
legally binding regulations. These may be setting height of building, prohibit utility of buildings
or ban rooftop network towers etc. Zoning laws regulate the setback and other factors that play
into equation of house location a lot. Septic tanks also require special considerations and a
certificate of occupancy is also required for some loaning and legal processes
The very first step is site clearance which involves removal of grass and vegetation along with
any other objections which might be there in the site location.
b) Positioning of Central coordinate and layout:
The centre point was marked with the help of a TOTAL STATION, thread and plumb bob as per
the grid drawing. With respect to this center point, all the other points of columns were to be
decided so its exact position is very critical.
For our site it was old building so site clearing is first step for our project
2.2 Site Investigation:
By this we investigate about the type of the soil, bearing capacity of the soil, nature of the bed,
the topographical feature of the area, which in turn helps the structural designer to design our
project.

2.3 Excavation

Excavation work on the site was being done by the JCB Machines and excavated soil was
transferred using dumpers. Following measures should be prevented while excavation work.
1-There should be proper timbering while excavation for basement area.
2-Dewatering should be done before construction work.
3-During rainy season excavation work should be avoided.
Excavation was carried out both manually as well as mechanically. Adequate precautions are
taken to see that the excavation operations do not damage the adjoining structures. Excavation is
carried out providing adequate side slopes and dressing of excavation bottom. The soil present
beneath the surface was too clayey so it was dumped and was not used for back filling.
The filling is done in layer not exceeding 20 cm layer and then its compacted. Depth of
excavation was 2.0 meter from Ground Level. There are some points which should be kept in
mind at the time of excavation:-
1. Upon identifying warning tape of any service, mechanical excavation shall be stopped and
manual excavation shall be done.
2. In areas where the trench is close to the buildings, depending on the type of foundation of the
building, shoring shall be done by planking, strutting or trench sheets.
3. In other areas it will be stepped open excavation with battered slopes.
2. 4. FOUNDATION

Footings are strips of concrete or filled concrete blocks placed under foundation wall. Gravel or
crushed stone footings may also be used. The purpose of footing is to transfer the loads safely in
the ground.
Generally in high rise buildings three types of footings are provided
Isolated Footing-
An isolated footing is used to support the load on a single column. It is usually either square or
rectangular in plan. It represents the simplest, most economical type and most widely used
footing. Whenever possible, square footings are provided so as to reduce the bending moments
and shearing forces at their critical

2.4.1 LAYING OF FOUNDATION

At our site, Raft foundations are used to spread the load from a structure over a large area,
normally the entire area of the structure. Normally raft foundation is used when large load is to
be distributed and it is not possible to provide individual footings due to space constraints that is
they would overlap on each other. Raft foundations have the advantage of reducing differential
settlements as the concrete slab resists differential movements between loading positions. They
are often needed on soft or loose soils with low bearing capacity as they can spread the loads
over a larger area.
In laying of raft foundation, special care is taken in the reinforcement and construction of plinth
beams and columns. It is the main portion on which ultimately whole of the structure load is to
come. So a slightest error can cause huge problems and therefore all this is checked and passed
by the engineer in charge of the site.
2.5 BEAMS AND COLUMNS

In framed structure fixed type beams are constructed. In such type of beams proper
reinforcement should be done for positive as well as negative bending moments. In such
type of structures short columns are constructed with minimum eccentricity. In square or
rectangular shaped columns min. 4 nos of 12 mm diameter bars must be used and
spacing should not be more than as per code IS 456:2000. Fixed type beam constructed at
site with positive as well as negative reinforcement A view of short column at site
 2.6 WALL CONSTRUCTION
In framed structure generally brick walls are constructed for partition purpose and half
brick walls are made. But at the site no wall was constructed with brick because it was a
high rise building. All the walls were constructed as RCC wall because these acts as a
shear wall and provide horizontal stability to building and reduces the deflection.
Workers at site during forming work for RCC wall construction

2.7 SLAB
Slabs are of following types-
One way slab- In one way slab load transfer occurs only in one direction. For one way
slab aspect ratio should be more than or equal to 2. In one way slab reinforcement
calculated is provided only in shorter direction and in other direction distribution steel is
provided.
Two way slab- In two way slab load transfer occurs in both the directions. For two way
slab aspect ratio should be less than 2. In two way slab reinforcement is provided in both
shorter and longer directions and at the supports negative reinforcement is also provided.
CHAPTER 3 CONCLUSION & RECOMMENDATIONS:

3.1 CONCLUSION

It was a wonderful learning experience at Gargaar Construction and Trading. I gained a lot of
insight regarding almost every aspect of site. I was given exposure in almost all the departments
at the site, but I had liked to highlight the areas of safety, quality management, material
management and execution. I hope this experience will surely help me in my future and also in
shaping my career.

3.2 Recommendations

During my Industrial training I realized that, 12 weeks was not sufficient enough to gain fully
experience and learn from the working lab. There for I would suggested that the industrial
training should be at the end of each year starting for the 2nd year as for engineering student or
at least should be extended to be in a long semester instead.
Besides in my opinion, if this practical training will only be arrange at the final semester of study
it would convenient most of the student since they may be able to continue their work with the
company as their career. They do not need bother again with interview or job seeking. Moreover,
student who hasnt finished their work can continue their work until anytime with their company
or even until the end of the project