PHYSICS LAB REPORT kkk PANNACHA LERTLARPNONT GAWIN LOHABURANANONT NICHAPORN NATTAWUT ACCELERATED PHYSICS Miss Susana Alulod MAHIDOL UNIVERSITY INTERNATIONAL DEMONSTRATION SCHOOL Semester 1 Academic year 2017-2018kik The objective of this vector lab is to study adding two or three vectors by using an equilibrant way, and determine the resultants getting from force table and compare with the resultant getting from an analytical and graphical method.INTR TION Vector is the quantity that has both magnitude and direction. In order to find the sum of vectors, we need to use = method called vector addition. Vector addition isthe <*, 0 | : method of adding two or more vectors together, and.the vector sum can be called as the resultant of the vectors. There are two major methods to find the resultant of vectors, graphical and analytical method. “ro +0 For graphical method, we draw the vectors on cartesian plane, and find the resultant vector. Thetl ways in graphical methods are Triangle method, whi connects the vectors head-to-tail with another vector « the resultant will be the yector from the origin to the hea of the last vector. The Parallelogram method, which draws.” ° a two vectors starting from the origin point, and draw a 5 dashed line parallel to the opposite vectors, and the resultant will be from the origins to where the dashed line meets or what we call diagonal, and Polygon method which is similar to the triangle method but is used when given more than two vectors.INTR TION In analytical method, there are three ways of finding the resultant vector: sine and cosine law, pythagorean theorem, and component vectors. In the sine and cosine law, there. _ yj o< are formulas for each law. We only use sine law when there? © is one side and one opposite angle is given, and we only, ise cosine law when we are given two sides, and one an: between the two sides. Pythagorean theorem is simi vectors. In this experiment, we come up with two and three vectors, and estimate the resultant vectors using a force table. Then, we compare the resultant vector that we estimated during the experiment with the resultant vectors we get from calculating by graphical and analytical method.PROCEDURE | t s 1. Set the force table up (it should be balanced) 2. Put the pin in the middle 3. Attach the 3 pulleys at the edge of the force table (at any angles) a) Ist pulley: 45 degree b) 2nd pulley: 135 degree c) Equilibrant pulley: 261 degree A. Place the middle ring over the pin 5. Put the strings with rings on each pulley 6. Hang the weight hangers on each ring on the pulleys 7. Add the slotted masses on the weight hangers for the first two sides a) Ist pulley: 160g. b) 2nd pulley: 120g. 8. Add the weight on the equilibrant side until the ring in the middle be at the equilibrium position ¢) Equilibrant pulley: 200g. 9. Record the magnitudes, the directions and the = results onto the data and result table —_ 10. The resultant of the magnitude should be equal to the equilibrant and the direction should be > opposite to the equilibrant.PROC RE Il thr, es 1. Set the force table up (it should be balance) 2. Put the pin in the middle 3. Attach 4 pulleys at the edge of the force table (at any angle) a) Ist pulley: 45 b) 2nd pulley: 135 c) 3rd pulley: 90 d) Equilibrant pulley: 266 4. Place the middle ring over the pin 5. Put the strings with rings on each pulley 6. Hang the weight hanger on each ring on the pulleys 7. Add the slotted masses on the weight hangers for the first three sides a) Ist pulley: 160g. b) 2nd pulley: 120g. ¢) 3rd pulley: 110g. 8. Add the weight on the equilibrant side until the ring at the middle be at the equilibrium position d) Equilibrant pulley: 320 9. Record the magnitudes, the directions and the result on to the data and result table 10. The resultant of the magnitude should be equal to the equilibrant and the direction should be opposite to the equilibrant VAVAVAVAVAVAVAVAVAVAVAVAVAVAZq Force table Pin Rings Strings Mass hanger Slotted masses Pulleya) two forces (28 3, 197 974) (113.13, 113.13)T f I I (28:3;197.974) R FQ ! 1 1 1 | U mee --s__ oo (-28.284, -307.99)EQ NS OOOOH OHOOOO . Law of sine equation, only use when given at least one side and an opposite angle sin(A) _ sin(B) _ sin(C) a bc Law of cosine equation, only use when given at least two sides and an angle in between the two sides ¢ = fe +B? — 2a)(bycosC . Pythagoras equation c = Va? +b" . Percent different %Differenr = ae terse x 100% EE, , tang = pete ing = _eeeeite = 5. Trigonometry sin = 1 6080 =‘Two forces: Re = (1602 + 120? R=200g sin@ _ sin90° 160 200 _ 160sin90° mee 200 sind = 5, therefore 6 = 53.13° total angle in triangle should be 180° 50, we get 180° - 90° - 53,13°= 36.87° therefore, 8R = 81.87° +R = 200g,81.87° E = 200g,81.87° + 180° = 200g, 261.87°Three forces: Fix = 160cos45° = 113.149 F2x = 120cos135° = 84.859 F3x = 110cos90° = 0g Total: 28.29g Fly = 160sin45° = 113.149 Fy = 120sin135° = 84.859 F3y = 110sin90° = 110g Total: 307.99g Resultant = V28.29? + 307.99 = 309.299 therefore, R = 309.29g, 84.75° E = 309.29g, 84.75° + 180° += 309.298, 264.75°Two forces: if ference = “(Reape Ranaiyicad) x 19996 Rexpt + Ranatytical — 2(200-200) 200+ 200 =0% x100% 2(Rexpt—R “dif ference = 2(Rexpt—R graph) x 100% Rexpt*Rgraph — 2(200-204.76) = “sooszoare ~100% = -2.35%CAL Three forces: 2(R, - ondif ference — 2 Rese ~ Renaiyeeat) 5. 199% Rexpt + Ranatyticat = 2(320-309.29) ~~ 320+309.29 %100% = 34% 2(Rexpe—Rgraph) —Rexpe?Rorapn x 100% — 220-310) = Saorn0 *100% = 3.17% “dif ference =A b) Three forces From the vector experiment using the force table, given the first force is 160g, 45°, second force is 120g, 135° and the third force is 110g, 90°. After experimenting, we got the resultant which equal to 320g, 86°. Comparing to other two methods which are graphical method and analytical method, there is a large difference between using analytical method and what we get from force table approximately 3.4%. This might happen because the string of the force table can be moved. Therefore, it is not accurate. Also, from using the graphical method, there is a slightly different from another two resultants around 3.17% less than what we get from the experiment.A Is b) Three forces From the vector experiment using the force table, given the first force is 160g, 45°, second force is 120g, 155° and the third force is 110g, 90°. After experimenting, we got the resultant which equal to 320g, 86°. Comparing to other two methods which are graphical method and analytical method, there is a large difference between using analytical method and what we get from force table approximately 3.4%. This might happen because the string of the force table can be moved. Therefore, it is not accurate. Also, from using the graphical method, there is a slightly different from another two resultants around 3.17% less than what we get from the experiment.CON ION This report has discussed about the addition of two and three vectors. The objectives of this lab were to study adding the vectors and determine the resultants getting from force table and compare with the resultants getting from an analytical and graphical method. All of the objectives were met. This lab introduced us the way the vectors are added. By setting forces on the force table, the resultant from the force table and the analytical and graphical method are quite similar. It is not be 100 percent precise due to the string on the force table can be adjusted by us, and due to human error that can occur in the lab.Vector Addition. (n.d.). Retrieved August 28, 2017, from http://mathworld.wolfram.com/VectorAddition.html Adding Vectors. (n.d.). Retrieved August 28, 2017, from http://www.shodor.org/cserd/Resources/Algorithms/ VectorAddition/