CBSE Sample Paper-01 (solved) Class X Science Theory

CBSE Sample Paper-01 (solved)
SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT I
SCIENCE (Theory)
Class X
Time allowed: 3 hours Maximum Marks: 90
General Instructions:
a) All questions are compulsory.

b) The question paper comprises of two sections, A and B. You are to attempt both the sections.
c) Questions 1 to 3 in section A are one mark questions. These are to be answered in one word
or in one sentence.
d) Questions 4 to 6 in section A are two marks questions. These are to be answered in about 30
words each.
e) Questions 7 to 18 in section A are three marks questions. These are to be answered in about
50 words each.
f) Questions 19 to 24 in section A are five marks questions. These are to be answered in about
70 words each.
g) Questions 25 to 27 in section B are 2 marks questions and Questions 28 to 36 are multiple
choice questions based on practical skills. Each question of multiple choice questions is a one
mark question. You are to select one most appropriate response out of the four provided to
you.
Section A
1. What happens when a chemical reaction occurs?

2. Name the two stages of photosynthesis.
3. What is meant by the statement, Potential difference between points A and B in an electric
field is 1 volt?
4. (a) What is observed when sulphur dioxide is passed through (i) water, (ii) limewater?
(b) Also write chemical equations for the reactions that takes place.
5. Name the hormone responsible for regulation of:

(i) Metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins.
(ii) Balance of calcium and phosphate.
(iii) Blood pressure.
(iv) Water and electrolytic balance.
6. With the help of neat diagram describe how you can generate induced current in the circuit.
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7. Identify the substances oxidized and the substances reduced in the following reactions. Write
the ionic equation for the substances oxidized and reduced.
(a) H 2 ( g ) + Cl2 ( g )
2HCl ( g )
(b) H 2 ( g ) + CuO ( s )
Cu ( s ) + H 2O ( l )
(c) H 2S ( g ) + SO2 ( g )
S ( s ) + H 2O ( l )
8. 2FeSO4 ( s )
Fe2O3 ( s ) + SO2 ( g ) + SO3 ( g ) . Is it a redox reaction or not? If yes, why?
9. (a) Write the formula and chemical name of Bleaching powder.

(b) Write chemical equation to represent the action of atmospheric CO2 gas on bleaching
powder when left exposed in open.
(c) State for what purpose is bleaching powder used in water treatment plants.
10. Mrs. Sharma has gone to the jewelers to buy gold jewellery. She asks the jeweler if the
jewellery is made of pure gold. The jeweler assure her that it is 10% gold and nothing has been
mixed in it. Mrs. Sharma is happy and buys the necklace.
Read the above passage and answer the following questions:
(a) Was the jeweler right in saying that the necklace is made of 100% gold?
(b) What values are promoted by the jeweler?
(c) What precautions should you take while purchasing gold jewellery?
(d) Why does Government insist on purchasing Hallmarked jewellery?
[Value Based Questions]
11. Describe with labelled diagram, the Froth Floatation Process used to separate the gangue from
a Sulphide ore.
12. (a) Draw diagram of a Stomata when it is open.
(b) Label Epidermal cell, Guard cell, Chloroplast and Stomatal opening on the diagram drawn.
13. Write the functions of the following in the digestive process:

(a) Bile
(b) Bicarbonate secreted by the duodenal wall.
(c) Pancreatic amylase.
14. What are hormones? Write any two functions of hormones.
15. (a) State Ohms law.

(b) Draw a schematic diagram of the circuit for studying Ohms law.
16. The flow of a current in a circular loop of wire creates a magnetic field at its centre. How many
existence of this field be detected? State the rule which helps to predict the direction of this
magnetic field.

17. (a) Describe the steps involved in obtaining biogas and explain what is meant by anaerobic
decomposition.
(b) Which isotope of Uranium can undergo fission readily?
18. (a) State one limitation of solar energy available from solar cells.
(b) What is the minimum wind velocity required to obtain useful energy with a wind mill.
(c) Define the term Nuclear fission.
19. Identify the type of chemical reaction taking place in each of the following:
(i) Barium chloride solution is mixed with copper sulphate solution and a white precipitate is
observed.
(ii) On heating copper powder in air in a China dish, the surface of copper powder turns black.
(iii) On heating green coloured ferrous sulphate crystals reddish brown solid is left and small
of a gas having odour of burning sulphur is experienced.
(iv) Iron nails when left dipped in blue copper sulphate solution become brownish in colour
and the blue colour of copper sulphate fades away.
(v) Quick lime reacts vigorously with water releasing a large amount of heat.
Or
During the reaction of some metals with dilute hydrochloric acid, following observations were
made:
(i) Silver metal doesnt show any change.
(ii) The temperature of reaction mixture rises when aluminium (Al) is added.
(iii) The reaction of sodium metal is found to be highly explosive.
(iv) Some bubbles of a gas are seen when lead (Pb) is reacted with the acid.
(v) A gas produced when sodium carbonate is added to the acid.
Explain these observations giving suitable reasons.
20. Give reasons for the following:

(a) Metals conduct electricity.
(b) Metals generally do not form compounds with hydrogen.
(c) A piece of zinc placed in blue copper sulphate solution decolourize it.
(d) Alumina is dissolve in molten cryolite for electrolysis to obtain aluminium metal.
(e) Nitrogen gas is used to preserve food.
Or
(a) What is corrosion of metals? Name one metal which does not corrode and one which
corrodes on being kept in atmosphere.
(b) How will you show that the rusting of iron needs oxygen and moisture at the same time.
21. (a) Draw a diagram of human alimentary canal.

(b) Label oesophagus, Liver, Pancreas and Gall bladder on the diagram drawn.
(c) What is the function of enzyme pepsin in the digestion process?
Or
(a) Draw a diagram of the human urinary system and label on it:
(i) Kidney (ii) Ureter (iii) Urinary bladder (iv) Urethra
(b) Name the two major components of normal human urine.
22. (a) What is the function of an earth wire in electrical instruments? Why is it necessary to earth
the metallic electric appliances?
(b) Explain what is short circuiting and overloading in an electric supply.
(c) What is the usual capacity of the fuse wire in the line to feed:
(i) Lights and fans?
(ii) Appliances of 2 kW or more power?
Or
(a) State Ohms law.

(b) Describe the activity with the help of a diagram to establish the relationship between
current (I) flowing in a conductor and potential difference (V) maintained across its two
ends.
(c) Draw the shape of the curve obtained when a graph is plotted between I and V.
23. (a) What is meant by a magnetic field?

(b) How is the direction of magnetic field at a point determined?
(c) Describe an activity to demonstrate the direction of the magnetic field generated around a
current carrying conductor.
(d) What is the direction of magnetic field at the centre of current carrying circular loop?
Or
(a) What is an electromagnet?

(b) List any of its two uses.
(c) Draw a labelled diagram to show how is an electromagnet made?
(d) What is the purpose of the soft iron core used in making an electromagnet?
24. (a) Distinguish between renewable and non-renewable sources of energy giving one example
of each.
(b) Why is the use of wood as a fuel not advised although forests can be replenished?
Or

Explain why:
(a) It is difficult to burn a piece of wood fresh from a tree.
(b) Pouring dry sand over the fire extinguishes it.
(c) It is difficult to use hydrogen as a source of energy.
(d) Charcoal is considered a better fuel than wood.
Section B
25. In test tube A

(i) the solution turns blue litmus red
(ii) evolves H2 gas with Zn metal
(iii) gives out CO2 on treatment with Na2CO3.
In test tube B
(i) the solution turns red litmus blue,
(ii) liberate H2 with Zn metal and
(iii) does not react with Na2CO3.
What are A and B? Give the chemical reactions involved.
26. (a) In plant, when stomata is opened in night, are called _________.
(b) Justify your answer.
27. Why key used in electric circuit should be kept off? Give reason.
28. The pH of soft drink is _______ and they are _______.

(a) less than 7, acidic (b) more than 7, basic
(c) equal to 7, neutral (d) less than 7, basic
29. Conc. H2SO4 reacts with copper to form a sulphur dioxide gas. In this reaction, conc. H2SO4 act
as a:
(a) Oxidizing agent (b) Reducing agent
(c) Dehydrating agent (d) Bleaching agent
30. What will happen when excess of SO2 is passed through limewater and why:
(a) The solution will become colourless due to formation of Ca(HSO3)2.
(b) Limewater turns milky due to formation of CaSO3.
(c) The solution becomes green due to CaSO3.
(d) The solution becomes pink due to Ca(HSO3)2.
31. Sunlight used for photosynthesis is:

(a) 5% (b) 50% (c) 0.5% (d) 4%

32. The process in which water is split during photosynthesis is called:
(a) Photolysis (b) Hydrolysis (c) Glycolysis (d) None of these
33. Ammeter is always connected in:

(a) Series (b) Parallel
(c) Either in series or parallel (d) Neither in series nor in parallel
34. For current flow one need a:

(a) Closed circuit (b) Source of potential difference
(c) Both (a) and (b) (d) Neither (a) nor (b)
35. A voltmeter connected in parallel to a resistor reads 0.1 volt. There is:
(a) Zero error (b) Positive error (c) Negative error (d) Both (b) & (c)
36. Which of the following is a non-renewable source of energy:

(a) Wood (b) Sun (c) Fossil fuels (d) Wind

SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT II
SCIENCE (Theory)
Class X
(Solutions)
SECTION-A
1. When a chemical reaction occurs, new products are obtained.

2. Light reaction and Dark reaction.
3. Work done to carry a unit positive test charge from A to B is 1 Joule.
4. (a) Sulphurous acid is formed.
SO2 + H2O H2SO3 (Sulphurous acid}
(b) Limewater turns milky due to formation of calcium sulphate.
SO2 + Ca(OH)2 CaSO3 + H2O
5. (i) Thyroxine hormone (ii) Calcitonine hormone
(iii) Adrenaline hormone (iv) Vasopressin hormone
6. Connect a coil AB of wire having a number of turns. Connect it to a sensitive galvanometer as
shown in figure.
Move a bar magnet towards the coil. When North Pole is taken fast towards or South Pole is
taken fast towards the coil, the deflection occurs in the galvanometer but will be in opposite
direction. When the coil and magnet both are stationary, there is no deflection in the
galvanometer. Thus the motion of a magnet, with respect to the coil, produces an induced
potential difference which sets up an induced electric current in the circuit.
7. (a) H 2 2H + + 2e (Oxidation)
Substance getting oxidized is H2.
Cl2 + 2e
2Cl (Reduction)
Substance getting reduced is Cl2.
2+
(b) - Cu + 2e Cu (Reduction)
Substance getting reduced is Cu.
H 2 2H + + 2e (Oxidation)
Substance getting oxidized is H2.
(c) 2S22
2S + 4e (Oxidation)
Substance getting oxidized is H2S.
S4 + + 4e
S (Reduction)

Substance getting reduced is SO2.
8. It is a redox reaction because Ferrous ( Fe 2+ ) is getting oxidized to Ferric ( Fe3+ ) whereas SO 24
is getting reduced to SO 2 .
9. (a) CaOCl2, Calcium oxychloride

(b) CaOCl2 + CO2 CaCO3 + Cl2
(c) It is used as disinfectant in water treatment plants.
10. (a) No, he was wrong. Pure gold is very soft and is therefore not suitable for making jewellery.
It is alloyed with either silver or copper to make it hard. But sometimes jewelers mix a large
quantity of copper and silver in gold to earn more profit.
(b) Untrustworthiness, cleverness.
(c) We should always purchase the gold jewellery from a branded shop with proper receipt
and Hallmark certificate.
(d) Government insists on purchasing Hallmarked jewellery as it contains the gold and its
alloyed metal (i.e. copper or silver) in a fixed ratio.
11. Sulphide ore is mixed with water and pine oil. The mixture is agitated (shaken vigorously) with
the help of stirrer in the blast of air. Froth is formed, sulphide ore gets attracted towards pine
oil in the froth which is skimmed off, dried and concentrated sulphide ore is obtained. Gangue
is left behind at the bottom of water.

12.
13. The functions of the following in the digestive process are:

(a) Bile: Bile in the duodenum emulsifies fat present in the food, i.e. breaks fat molecules into
small globules.
(b) Bicarbonate secreted by the duodenal wall: Bicarbonate ions secreted by the duodenal
wall mke the medium alkaline because such a medium is required for the action of
pancreatic enzymes.
(c) Pancreatic amylase: Pancreatic amylase acts on starch and hydrolyses it into maltose and
isomaltose.
14. Hormones are chemical substances secreted in trace amounts by specialized tissues called
endocrine glands.
The two functions of hormones are as follows:
(i) Hormones coordinate the activities of the body and also its growth.
(ii) Hormones regulate many functions like metabolism and reproduction in our body.
15. (a) Ohms law: Under similar physical conditions, such as temperature remains constant, the
current flowing through a wire is directly proportional to the difference in potential
applied across its ends, i.e., I V. or V = IR where R is the resistance offered.
(b)
16. To detect the presence of the magnetic field created by the current in a circular loop at the
centre, one can draw the magnetic field lines with the help of compass needle. The magnetic
field lines appear as a straight line at the centre and other lines appear in the same direction
without the loop.

Right hand thumb rule: Hold the wire in your right hand with your extended thumb pointing in
the direction of current. Your folded fingers will indicate the direction of magnetic field around
the wire.
17. (a) Anaerobic decomposition: The process in which the complex compound of cow dung
slurry decomposes or breaks down in the absence of oxygen by anaerobic micro organisms
called anaerobic bacteria is known as anaerobic decomposition.
Steps involved in obtaining biogas:
(i) Slurry is made by mixing of animal dung with an equal amount of water.
(ii) Slurry is passed through an inlet chamber of an underground digester tank.
(iii) In digester tank, slurry is decomposed by anaerobic bacteria in about 50-60 days to
produce biogas.
(iv) The biogas collected in domes built over the digester tank and has a gas outlet with
valve.
(v) The pressure exerted by the biogas on the slurry forces the spent slurry to the
overflow tank via outlet chamber.
(vi) The spent slurry is periodically removed and used as a good manure.
(vii) The whole process is repeated again for regular supply of biogas.
235
(b) 92 U can undergo fission readily.
18. (a) Conversion efficiency is less.

(b) Approximately 15 km/h.
(c) The process in which the heavy Uranium nucleus splits into lighter nuclei of smaller atomic
numbers is called Nuclear fission.
92 U + 0 n 141
235 1 92 1
56 Ba + 36 Kr + 30 n + Q
Q refers to the energy of 200 MeV released.

19. (a) Double displacement reaction, precipitation reaction.
(b) Combination reaction, oxidation reaction.
(c) Thermal decomposition
(d) Displacement reaction
(e) Combination and exothermic reaction
Or
(i) Silver is very less reactive metal. So it does not react with dilute HCl.
(ii) The reaction of Al with dilute HCl is exothermic i.e. heat is produced in the reaction, so the
temperature of the reaction mixture rises.
(iii) Sodium is a very reactive metal. It react vigorously with the evolution of heat too.
(iv) Bubbles are seen due to the evolution of H2 gas.
Pb ( s ) + 2HCl ( aq )
PbCl2 + H 2 ( g )
(v) CO2 gas is produced when Na2CO3 reacts with dilute HCl.
Na 2CO3 ( s ) + 2HCl ( aq )
2NaCl ( aq ) + H 2O ( l ) + CO2 ( g )
20. (a) It is due to presence of free electrons.

(b) Metals are good reducing agents and H2 is weak oxidizing agent therefore, metals do not
react with hydrogen to form hydrides.
(c) Zn + CuSO4 ZnSO4 + Cu
It is due to formation of ZnSO4 (aq) which is colourless.
(d) It increases electrical conductivity and molten cryolite acts as a solvent.
(e) It prevents oxidation of food which prevents its spoilage.
Or
(a) Corrosion of metal is a process in which metal reacts with substances present in
atmosphere to form surface compounds. Al does not corrode whereas Fe corrodes when
placed in atmosphere.
(b) Take three test tubes and put iron nails in each of them. In the first test tube add H2O up to
brim and leave no space for air. In the second test tube add fused CaCl2 so as to absorb
moisture. In the third test add water and leave space for air. Leave them for few days.
Rusting will not take place in first and second test tubes. But rusting will take place in third
test tube showing that rusting of iron requires both air and moisture.

21.
(c) The function of the enzyme pepsin in the digestion process is that it breaks down proteins
into peptones in acidic medium of gastric juice.
Or
(i)
(ii) The two major components of normal human urine are water and nitrogenous
substances, most of which is urea.
22. (a) The earth wire helps us by offering a low resistance path to the high potential that might
have come in contact with the body or other unwanted part of the device. This will not
bring any damage to the device or to the person handling the device. The fuse may
disconnect the electrical link in such cases.
(b) Overloading is the situation which causes a sudden draw of larger current by the electrical
appliances, when operated at the same time from a single parallel connection.
In short-circuit the live wire comes in contact with the neutral line. This gives a large drop
of potential and flow or current through the fuse wire. So it burns.
(c) (i) 5 A (ii) 15 A

Or
(a) Ohms law: The electrical current (I) flowing through a metallic wire is directly
proportional to the potential difference (V) across its ends provided the physical conditions
like temperature remains constant.
Mathematically: V I V = IR
(b) Aim: To establish the relationship between potential difference across the resistor and
current passing through it.
Apparatus required: Nichrome or eureka wire (length 0.5 m) , an ammeter, a voltmeter
and four cells if 1.5 V each.
Procedure:
(i) Set the circuit as shown in the figure.
(ii) First use only one cell as the source and note the reading of the ammeter and
voltmeter.
(iii) Now connect two cells in series and note the reading of the ammeter and voltmeter
again.
(iv) Now connect three cells in series in the circuit and again take the reading of both
devices.
(v) Lastly connect fourth cell in series in the circuit also note the reading of the ammeter
and voltmeter again.
Observation: In this activity, we will observe that the current increases with potential
difference, i.e. more cells being connected in series. We will get approximately the same
V
value for in each case and we will also obtain straight line graph of V vs I passing
I
through the origin as shown in figure. From the graph, we observe that
V
= constant, i.e. V = constant x I or V I
I
Conclusion: The constant is called Resistance. If we change the wire, the graph will vary
but remain a line with a different slope/resistances.

(c) Shape of the V-I curve is a straight line passing through the origin as shown in figure.
23. (a) Magnetic field: Surrounding a magnet its influence is felt by any other magnetic element. It
may be an attractive of a repulsive influence.
(b) The direction of magnetic field at a point is determined by drawing a tangent at that point.
The direction of tangent gives the direction of magnetic field.
(c) Aim: To demonstrate the direction of the magnetic field generated around a current
carrying conductor.
Procedure:
(i) Obtain the concentric circles pattern of iron fillings around the copper wire by flowing
current through it as shown.
(ii) Place a magnetic needle (compass) at any point (P) over a circle.
(iii) Observe the direction of needle.
(iv) Show the direction by arrows.
Conclusion: The direction of the north pole of the compass needle would give the direction
of the field lines produced by the electric current through the straight wire at that point.
(d) The direction of the field is perpendicular to the plane of the coil and directed inwards for
the clockwise current flowing. For anticlockwise current, it will be outwards.
Or
(a) Magnetizing a material: When a material like soft iron, is placed inside a coil carrying
current (may be a solenoid), it will get magnetized. Once the current is put-off, the
magnetic field will also be lost. Such magnets are called electromagnets.
(b) Two uses of electromagnet:
(i) In electric bells.
(ii) For sorting scrap metal.

(c)
(d) The purpose of soft iron core used in making an electromagnet that:
(i) It is temporary magnetized.
(ii) It retains magnetism as long as current flow is maintained.
(iii) It will ensure an uniform and stronger field.
24. (a) Renewable sources of energy are those that can be used without depleting their reserves
and do not get exhausted. E.g., solar energy, wind energy, hydro energy etc.
Non-renewable sources of energy are those which cannot be replenished and exhausted
with the passage of time, e.g. coal, petroleum and natural gas.
(b) Wood is not advisable used as a fuel, although forests can be replenished due to the
following reasons:
(i) Burning of wood causes pollution.
(ii) The left-over residue after combustion have a disposed off problem.
(iii) Smoke produced by burning of wood causes health hazard.
(iv) Wood is a less heat generating fuel.
(v) Trees are essential for our life as they absorb CO2 and give out O2.
Or
(a) It is because a piece of fresh wood is not dry and therefore it is to be heated at high
temperature before it catches fire that is why it is difficult to burn.
(b) It cuts off the supply of air (oxygen) which is required for combustion to take place.
(c) Hydrogen is highly combustible and burns with an explosion, therefore, it is difficult to
store and transport.
(d) Charcoal, has higher calorific value than wood and produces less smoke than wood.
25. A is HCl because it turns blue litmus red and liberates H2 with Zinc and CO2 with Na2CO3.
Zn + 2 HCl ZnCl2 + H2
Na2CO3 + 2HCl 2NaCl + CO2 + H2O
B is NaOH because it turns red litmus blue and liberates H2 gas with Zinc metal.
Zn + 2 NaOH Na2ZnO2 + H2
Na2CO3 + NaOH No reaction
26. (a) Scotoactive
(b) Due to deficiency of oxygen, in most plants, stomata opens at night, e.g., Opuntia,
Bryophyllum.

27. Key used in electric circuit should be kept off to avoid heating of the resistor because heating
changes resistance.
28. (a)
29. (a)
30. (a)
31. (a)
32. (a)
33. (a)
34. (c)
35. (b)
36. (c)

SCIENCE (Theory)
Class X

or in one sentence.
words each.
50 words each.
70 words each.
you.
Section A
1. What happens when a chemical reaction occurs?

2. Name the excretory unit of kidney.
3. There are two electric bulbs (i) marked 60 W, 220 V and (ii) marked 100 W, 220 V. Which one
of the two has a higher resistance?
4. What is efforescence? Give an example.
5. Differentiate between tropic and nastic movements in plants, give one example of each..
6. What are magnetic lines of force? Roughly trace the magnetic field lines for a bar magnet.
7. What are the displacement reactions. Give example also.
8. What is a chemical formula? What information is conveyed by a chemical formula.
9. What is observed when:
(i) Dilute sulphuric acid is added to solid sodium carbonate.
(ii) Hot concentrated sulphuric acid is added to sulphur.
(iii) Sulphur dioxide is passed through lime water?
Also write chemical equations to represent the chemical reaction taking place in each case.
10. Explain the following terms by giving one example of each:
(i) Mineral (ii) Ore (iii) Gangue

11. Give reasons:
(i) Metals are regarded as electropositive elements.
(ii) When a piece of Copper metal is added to a solution of Zinc sulphate, no change takes
place, but the blue colour of Copper sulphate fades away when a piece of Zinc is placed in
its solution.
(iii) Articles made of aluminium do not corrode even though aluminium is an active metal.
12. Draw a diagram of the human respiratory system and label the following in it:
(a) Lungs (b) Primary bronchus (c) Trachea (d) Larynx
13. Give reasons for the following:

(a) The glottis is guarded by epiglottis.
(b) The lung alveoli are covered with blood capillaries.
(c) The wall of trachea is supported by cartilage rings
14. What are the male and female gonads in human beings? State any two functions of each of
them.
15. (a) Draw a schematic diagram of a circuit consisting of a battery of five 2 V cells, a 5 ohm
resistor and a plug key, all are connected in series
(b) Calculate the electric current passing through the above circuit when the key is closed.
16. How does the strength of the magnetic field at the centre of a circular coil of wire depend upon:
(i) the radius of the coil
(ii) the number of turns of wire in the coil
(iii) the strength of current flowing in the coil?
17. (a) Name the four gases commonly present in biogas.

(b) list two advantages of using biogas over fossil fuels.
18. Dinesh is a student of class 10th standard. He went to a remote area of Rajasthan for trekking
with his friends. Dinesh found that it was a sparsely inhabited area. He was surprised to know
that there was still no electricity in this area. The people used kerosene oil lamps to light up
their homes at night and there were no street lights. The children also had to study with
kerosene lamps at night. The village farmers used diesel to run irrigation pumps. Actually
there were no pwer transmission lines which could bring electricity to this remote area.
Dinesh was really disturbed by the living conditions of the people in thei part of Rajasthan. One
day Dinesh gathered all the people of village in the village school. He told them thay if they put
pressure on their area MLAs and MPs for making available the required funds, then he could
tell them about the devices to light up their homes and streets at night, play radio and
television and also run irrigation pumps with electricity without there being power

transmission lines. All the people agreed and Dinesh described them the devices to get
electricity in their area in detail. The village people were very happy to know this and soon
they got electricity in their area.
Read the passage and answer the following questions:
(a) What was the device described by Dinesh to the village people to obtain electricity locally?
(b) What source of energy is made uses of in this device to obtain electricity?
(c) Why do you think this device is more appropriate for an area like Rajasthan?
(d) What is the name of the single unit of this device?
(e) What values are shown by Dinesh in this incident?
[Value Based Question]
19. You are provided with two containers made up of copper and aluminium. You are also
provided with solutions of dil. HCl, dil. HNO3, ZnCl2 and H2O. In which of the above containers
these solutions can be kept?
Or
What happens when zinc granules are treated with dilute solution of H2SO4, HCL, HNO3, NaCl
and NaOH? Also write the chemical equations if reaction occurs.
20. (a) What is an activity series of metals? Arrange the metals Zn, Mg, Al, Cu and Fe in a
decreasing order of reactivity.
(b) What would you observe when you put:
(i) some zinc pieces into blue copper sulphate solution?
(ii) some copper pieces into green ferrous sulphate solution?
(c) Name a metal which combines with hydrogen gas. Name the compound formed.
Or
Describe with examples the following steps associated with the extraction of metals from their
ores:
(i) Froth-floatation process
(ii) Roasting of an ore
(iii) Calcinations of an ore
21. Explain the process of Photosynthesis in plants. List four factors which influence this process
and describe how each of them affects the rate of the photosynthesis process.
Or
List three differences between respiration in plants and respiration in animals. Describe with a
labelled diagram how gaseous exchange occurs through root hair in plants.

22. (i) State and prove the Joules law of heating.
(ii) Give the commercial unit of electrical energy and relate it to Joule.
(iii) When 40 W, 220 V bulbs are connected in series to a source of 220 V, find the current
flowing in each. If one of the bulb fuses, what will be the current drawn from the source of
220 V?
Or
(a) Give reason, explain how he resistivity of the conductor vary if:
(i) area is halved?
(ii) length is doubled?
(iii) area is doubled?
(iv) both area and length are doubles?
(b) Draw the schematic diagram of a circuit containing the following electrical components:
(i) a resistance (ii) a voltmeter (iii) an electric bulb
(iv) a cell (v) lug key (open) (vi) an ammeter
23. Calculate the electricity bill amount for a month of 30 days, if the following devices are used as
specified:
(a) 4 bulbs of 60 W for 6 hours.
(b) 3 tubelights of 40 W for 8 hours.
(c) A refrigerator of 300 W for 24 hours.
(d) An electric mixer of 750 W for 1 hour.
(e) A TV of 100 W for 6 hours.
The cost per unit of electricity consumed is Rs.2.50 for first 50 units and Rs.3.00 for every unit
consumed in excess of 50.
Or
A 60 W bulb is connected (i) in series and (ii) in parallel with a room heater and is further
connected across the mains. If 60 W bulb is now replaced by 100 W bulb in each case, will the
heat produced by heater be less or more? Give reason.
24. (a) What are Magnetic field lines? How is the direction of a magnetic field at a point
determined?
(b) Draw two field lines around a bar magnet along its length on its two sides and mark the
field directions on them by arrow marks.
(c) List any three properties of magnetic field lines.
Or
Why is pure iron not used for making permanent magnets? Name one materials used for
making permanent magnets.

Describe how permanent magnets are made electrically.
State two examples of electrical instruments made by using permanent magnets.
Section B
25. If phenolphthalein is added to dilute HCl, then what will happen? Justify your answer also.
26. (a) Why does plant cool the atmosphere?
(b) Define that term also.
27. The given wire made of material resistivity ' ' is stretched to triple its length. Then what will
be new resistivity? Justify your answer also.
28. Conc. H2SO4 should be kept away from body because:
(a) it is oily liquid.
(b) it reacts with skin which gets burnt.
(c) of its pungent smell.
(d) it has high boiling point.
29. If we invert a gas jar of SO2 over water, the observation and conclusion will be:
(a) Water level rises up because SO2 is insoluble in water.
(b) Water level rises up because SO2 is soluble in water.
(c) There is no change in water level as SO2 is lighter than air.
(d) Water level rises up because SO2 is heavier than air.
30. The thistle funnel should dipped into conc. H2SO4 because:
(a) SO2 gas will come out from the thistle funnel.
(b) SO2 is lighter than air.
(c) SO2 is soluble in water.
(d) SO2 is pungent smelling gas.
31. Which of the following is not a part of reflex arc:
(a) Sensory neuron (b) Brain
(c) Relay neuron (d) Spinal cord
32. Which hormone is not released from pituitary gland:
(a) Growth hormone (b) Oestrogen (c) Oxytocin (d) Prolactin
33. A resistor is connected to an ammeter in series and a voltmeter in parallel to a source of
energy. The quantity that cannot be found directly is:
(a) Current (b) Potential Difference
(c) Resistance (d) All of these
34. Four different measuring instruments are shown below. Out of these, the instrument that can
be used for measuring current is/are the instruments labelled as:

(a) I and III with III more reliable of the two.
(b) I and IV with IV more reliable of the two.
(c) II and III with II more reliable of the two.
(d) II and IV with IV more reliable of the two.
35. Choose the incorrect statement from the following regarding magnetic lines of field:
(a) The direction of magnetic field at a point is taken to be the direction in which the north
pole of a magnetic compass needle points.
(b) Magnetic field lines are closed curves.
(c) In magnetic field lines are parallel and equidistant, they represent zero field strength.
(d) Relative strength of magnetic field is shown by the degree of closeness of the field lines.
36. Acid rain happens because:
(a) Sun leads to heating of upper layer of atmosphere.
(b) Burning of fossil fuels release oxides of carbon, nitrogen and sulphur in the atmosphere.
(c) Electrical changes are produced due to friction amongst clouds.
(d) Earth atmosphere contains acids.

SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT II
SCIENCE (Theory)
Class X
(Solutions)
SECTION-A
1. When a chemical reaction occurs, new products are obtained.

2. Nephron.
V2 1 1
3. P= P R
R R P
Therefore 60 W bulb has a higher resistance.
4. It is property due to which a crystalline substance loses water of crystallization when exposed
to air and becomes amorphous, e.g.,
Na2CO3.10H2O air
Na2CO3.H2O + H2O
5.
Tropic movements Nastic movements
(i) Direction of movement is in the direction (i) Direction of movement is not determined
of the stimulus. by the direction of stimulus.
(ii) Movements are slow. (ii) Movements are fast.
Example: Example:
The growth of the pollen tube towards a The folding up and drooping of leaves of
chemical produced by an ovule during the the sensitive touch-me-not plant.
process of fertilization in a flower.
6. Lines indicating the presence of magnetic field in a region are called magnetic lines of force.
7. Displacement reaction is a reaction in which more reactive element displaces less reactive
elements from its salts.
Example: 2KI ( aq ) + Cl2 ( g )
2KCl ( aq ) + I 2 ( g )
It is a displacement reaction.
8. Chemical formula is a formula of a compound formed with the help of symbols and valency of
elements and radicals.
Information conveyed by a chemical formula:
(i) It conveys the name of the compound.
(ii) It conveys the number and kind of atoms present in one molecule of compound.
(iii) It conveys the valency of atoms present in it.

(iv) It represents the molecular weight of the compound.
(v) It indicates that the compound is not electrically charged. It is neutral molecule.
For example, formula CaCO3 conveys following information:
(i) It stands for calcium carbonate.
(ii) It represents the one mole of calcium carbonate. Two molecules of calcium carbonate
would be written as 2CaCO3 and so on.
(iii) It tells that each formula of CaCO3 contains 1 atom of Ca, 1 atom of C and 3 atoms of O.
(iv) It stands for 100 parts by weight of CaCO3.
(40 + 12 + 3 x 16 = 40 + 12 + 48 = 100)
(v) The ratio among Ca : C : O is 40 : 12 : 48 by weight.
9. (i) CO2 is formed.
Na2CO3 + H2SO4 (dil.) Na2SO4 + CO2 + H2O
(ii) SO2 is formed.
S + 2H2SO4 (conc.) 3SO2 + 2H2O
(iii) SO2 + Ca(OH)2 CaSO3 + H2O
Lime water turns milky.
10. (i) Mineral: It is naturally occurring substance from which a metal may or may not be
extracted profitably, e.g., Borax is mineral from which boron cannot be extracted
economically.
(ii) Ores: They are naturally occurring rocky substances which contain sufficient quantity of
minerals from which metals can be extracted profitably, e.g., Al is extracted from Bauxite.
(iii) Gangue: They are rocky materials present in the ores along with the minerals, e.g., SiO2 is
present as gangue in ore of iron.
11. (i) It is because metals can loss electrons easily to form positive ions, therefore regarded as
electropositive elements.
(ii) It is because copper is less reactive than Zn, therefore, it cannot displace Zn from ZnSO4
solution.
Cu + ZnSO4 No reaction
But when Zn is dipped in copper sulphate solution, it displaces copper from CuSO4 to form
ZnSO4 which is colourless. Reddish brown copper metal gets precipitated because Zn is
more reactive than Cu.
Zn + CuSO4 ZnSO4 + Cu
Zinc (Blue) (colourless) Copper
(iii) It is because oxide layer is formed on the surface of aluminum due to which it does not
react further because it is non-penetrating layer.

12.
13. (a) Glottis is guarded by epiglottis to prevent food from entering the windpipe at the time of
swallowing.
(b) The lung alveoli are covered with blood capillaries for the easy diffusion of respiratory
gases, since both alveoli and blood capillaries are thin-walled.
(c) The wall of trachea is supported by cartilage rings so that it does not collapse when there is
not much air in it.
14. Male gonads are testes and female gonads are ovaries in human beings.
Functions of Testes:
(i) Testes produce sperms, the male haploid gametes.
(ii) They produce male sex hormones, i.e., testosterone.
Functions of Ovaries:
(i) They produce ova, the female haploid gametes.
(ii) They produce female sex hormones i.e., estrogen and progesterone.
15. (a)
(b) Req = R1 + R2 + R3 = 5 + 10 + 15 = 30
V = V1 + V2 + V3 + V4 + V5 = 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 10 V
V 10 1
I= = = A
R eq 30 3
16. The strength of the magnetic field produced at the centre of a circular coil of radius r , having N
turns and carrying a current I, is given by:
NI
B= o tesla
2r
Thus the strength of the magnetic field in the coil is:

1
(i) inversely proportional to the radius of the loop. B
r
(ii) directly proportional to the number of turns. ( B N )
(iii) directly proportional to the current passing through it. ( B I )
17. (a) Methane, Carbon di-oxide, Hydrogen and Hydrogen sulphide
(b) Advantages of biogas over fossil fuels:
(i) Biogas burns without smoke and does not cause air pollution while fossil fuel burns and
causes air pollution.
(ii) Biogas does not leave any residue after burning while fossil fuel leaves residue like ash
which have a disposal problem.
(iii) Biogas is cheaper than fossil fuel.
18. (a) Solar panals
(b) Solar energy.
(c) Because Rajasthan gets a lot of sunshine throughout the year.
(d) Solar cell.
(e) General awareness, concern for the environment to improve it, desire to help people.
19. The containers made up of copper or aluminium is suitable for storing the given solutions, can
be decided by studying their reactions:
(i) Reaction of copper with
(a) Dil. HCl. Cu + dil. HCl No reaction.
So it can be stored in Cu container.
(b) Dil. HNO3. Being a strong oxidizing agent, dil. HNO3 reacts with copper, so it cannot be
stored in copper container.
(c) ZnCl2. Copper is less reactive than zinc so it does not react with ZnCl2 solution.
Therefore it can be stored in copper container.
(d) H2O. Copper does not react with water. So its container can store H2O in it.
(ii) Reaction of ALuminium with
(a) Dil. HCl. Al reacts with Dil. HCl, so it can not be kept in aluminium container.
2Al + 6HCl 2AlCl3 + 3H2
(b) Dil. HNO3. When dil. HNO3 is kept in Al container, it forms a protective layer of
aluminium oxide on it, therefore it can be kept in Al container.
(c) ZnCl2. Al is more reactive than zinc, so it cannot keep ZnCl2 solution in it.
2Al + 3ZnCl2 2AlCl3 + 3Zn
(d) H2O. Al does not react with water (hot or cold). Therefore water can be kept in Al
container.
Aluminium is attracted by steam to form aluminium oxide and hydrogen.
2Al ( s ) + 3H 2O ( g )
Al2O3 ( g ) + 3H 2 ( g )
Or

The reactions of zinc granules with various reagents are as follows:
(i) Dil. H2SO4
Zn ( s ) + H 2SO4 ( aq )
ZnSO4 ( aq ) + H 2 ( g )
Zinc sulphate
(ii) Dil. HCl
Zn ( s ) + 2HCl ( aq )
ZnCl2 ( aq ) + H 2 ( g )
Zinc sulphate
(iii) Dil. HNO3
Dil. HNO3 is an oxidizing acid so its reaction with a metal (e.g. Zn) is different than other
dilute acids.
4Zn ( s ) + 10 HNO3 ( aq ) 4ZN ( NO3 )2 ( aq ) + 5H 2 O ( l ) + N 2O ( g )
Zinc Nitrate Nitrous oxide
(iv) NaCl solution
Reaction does not take splace.
Zn ( s ) + NaCl ( aq )
No reaction
(v) NaOH solution
Zn ( s ) + 2NaOH ( aq )
Na 2 ZnO2 ( aq ) + H 2 ( g )
Sodium zincate
Thus, hydrogen gas is evolved with H2SO4, HCl and NaOH, nitrous oxide gas is evolved with
dilute HNO3 and no reaction takes place with NaCl solution.
20. (a) Activity series of metals is the series in which metals are arranged in decreasing order of
their reactivities.
Mg > Al > Zn > Fe > Cu is in a decreasing order of reactivity.
(b) (i) When zinc is placed in copper sulphate solution, the solution becomes colourless and
brown colour copper metal is depicted.
Zn ( s ) + CuSO4 ( aq ) ZnSO4 ( aq ) + Cu ( s )
(ii) Copper does not react with ferrous sulphate because it is less reactive than iron. No
change takes place.
(f) Sodium metal combines with hydrogen to form Sodium hydride.
2Na + H2 2NaH (Sodium hydride)
Or
(i) Froth Floatation process: It is the process to concentrate sulphide ore. The ore is mixed
with water and pine oil and mixture is agitated with the blast of air. Froth is formed.
Sulphide ore gets collected in froth whereas impurities are left behind e.g., Zinc Blende
(ZnS) is concentrated by Froth Floatation process.
(ii) Roasting of an ore: The process of heating sulphide ore in presence of oxygen so as to
convert it into oxide is called roasting, e.g.,
2ZnS + 3O2 2ZnO + 2SO2

(iii) Calcination of an ore: It is defined as heating of ore in absence of oxygen so as to convert it
into oxide, e.g.,
ZnCO3 heat
ZnO + CO 2
21. Photosynthesis is a process in which plants use sunlight, chlorophyll, Carbon di-oxide and
water to synthesize food.
It occurs in two stages:
(i) Light reaction: During this reaction ATP and NADPH are generated. This step is light
dependent.
(ii) Dark reaction: It is not dependent on light. During this reaction, carbon di-oxide is
produced to carbohydrate. Source of energy is ATP and NADPH.
Factors affecting rate of photosynthesis process:
(i) Light: Rate of photosynthesis increases at the low intensities and decreases at its higher
intensities.
(ii) Temperature: Low and high temperature has inhibitory effect on the rate of
photosynthesis.
(iii) Water: The rate of photosynthesis will become slow under water deficient conditions.
(iv) Carbon dioxide: the rate of photosynthesis increases with an increase in CO2
concentration up to a certain level beyond that it may prove inhibitory.
Or
Difference between Respiration in plants and Respiration in animals:

Respiration in plants Respiration in animals
(i) Plants do not have respiratory system. (i) Animals have respiratory system.
(ii) Direct diffusion of respiratory gas into (ii) The respiratory gases are transported up
the cells. to the tissue cells.
(iii) Plant respiration occurs at slower rate. (iii) Animal respiration occurs at faster rate.
Gaseous exchange through root hair in plants:

Roots take up oxygen present in between the soil
particles by the process of diffusion. Root hairs, the
extension of epidermal cells of root are in contact with
oxygen in the soil. Oxygen diffuses into root hairs and
passes into other cells of the root. Carbon dioxide from
root cells moves out into the soil. Thus, root hair
provide increased surface area for gaseous exchange.
22. (i) According to Joules law of heating, the heat H

produced in a wire of resistance R while
carrying a current I in time ' t ' is directly proportional to the square of current, resistance
and time.

H = I 2 Rt
Proof: Work done to carry a charge dq against a potential difference V is,
dW = Vdq = VIdt W = VIt = I 2 Rt
This work done is dissipated as heat energy.
(ii) Commercial unit is kWh.
1 kWh = 3.6 106 joules
220 2
(iii) Resistance of 40 W bulb =
40
220 2
Net resistance = 4 x = 4840
40
220 220
Current drawn and flowing through them = I = = = 0.045 A
R 4840
If one bulb fuses, no current flow will be seen in them.
Or
(a) Since resistivity depends neither on the length nor on the cross-sectional area of the
conductor, the resistivity will remain unaffected in all variations. Also here material is
same.
(b)
23. Electrical energy used by:

(a) 4 bulbs of 60 W = 4 x 60 x 6 x 30 = 43200 Wh
(b) 3 tubelights of 40 W = 3 x 40 x 8 x 30 = 28800 Wh
(c) 300 W refrigerator = 300 x 24 x 30 = 216000 Wh
(d) 750 W mixer = 750 x 1 x 30 = 22500 Wh
(e) TV of 100 W = 100 x 6 x 30 = 18000 Wh
Net energy consumption = 328500 Wh = 328.5 kWh = 328.5 units
Cost for first 50 units = 2.50 x 50 = Rs.125.00
Cost for the remaining units = 3.00 x 278.50 = Rs.835.50
Total cost of electricity consumed = Rs.960.50
Or

(i) Series
Net resistance = R60 + RH
Where R60 is the resistance of 60 W bulb and RH is the resistance of the heater.
V2
Heat produced with a source of potential V (H) = t
R 60 + R H
R100 Resistance of 100 W bulb is less than that of R60.
Heat produced in same time ' t ' should be more with 100 W bulb than with 60 W bulb.
(ii) Parallel
R 60 R H
Net resistance in parallel will be, R =
R 60 + R H
This will be less than R60 and RH.
V2
Heat produced, H = t
R
If 60 W is replaced by 100 W bulb, the resistance R will further reduce. So heat produced
will be increased.
24. (a) Magnetic field: Surrounding a magnet its influence is felt by any other magnetic element. It
(b) The direction of magnetic field at a point is determined by drawing a tangent at that point.
The direction of tangent gives the direction of magnetic field.
(c) Aim: To demonstrate the direction of the magnetic field generated around a current
carrying conductor.
Procedure:
(i) Obtain the concentric circles pattern of iron fillings around the copper wire by flowing
current through it as shown.
(ii) Place a magnetic needle (compass) at any point (P) over a circle.
(iii) Observe the direction of needle.
(iv) Show the direction by arrows.
Conclusion: The direction of the north pole of the compass needle would give the direction
of the field lines produced by the electric current through the straight wire at that point.
The direction of the field is perpendicular to the plane of the coil and directed inwards for
the clockwise current flowing. For anticlockwise current, it will be outwards.
Or

Pure iron is not used for making permanent magnets because it cannot retain their magnetism
for long time and used only for electromagnet since alloys of iron and steel have strongly
magnetized and have a capacity to hold it for a longer time period, they are used for permanent
magnets.
Material used for permanent magnets ALNICO
Formation of a permanent magnet electrically: Permanent magnets can be formed by
placing a hard steel rod in the strong uniform magnetic field produced by the solenoid. Steels
have the quality to retain its magnetism after switch off the solenoid current.
Permanent magnets are used in:
(i) Galvanometer (ii) Ammeter
25. The solution remains colourless because HCl is acid and It does not react with
phenolphthalein.
26. (a) Transpiration.
(b) Water loss due to evaporation from the plane is called transpiration.
27. No change will be there i.e. the resistivity ' ' will be same because it is a material constant.
28. (b)
29. (b)
30. (a)
31. (b)
32. (b)
33. (c)
34. (a)
35. (c)
36. (b)

SCIENCE (Theory)
Class X

or in one sentence.
words each.
50 words each.
70 words each.
you.
Section A
1. Why does milk become sour if kept for a long time?

2. Name the respiratory organs of: (i) fish, (ii) mosquito, (iii) earthworm.
3. Name a metal which offers higher resistance to the passage of electricity other than copper.
4. (i) An aqueous solution has a pH value of 7.0. Is this solution acidic, basic or neutral?
(ii) Which has a higher pH value, 1 M HCl or 1 M NaOH solution?
5. Taking the example of auxins and cytokinins together, explain (i) a synergistic action in plants,
(ii) an antagonistic action in plants.
6. A wire carrying current is passing through a hole at the middle of a cardboard. Plot the
magnetic field lines.
7. What information can be included in a chemical reaction?
8. What happens when Zn metal is dipped in CuSO4 solution? Give the chemical reaction involved.
State which is more reactive, Zn or Cu?
9. (a) Name the raw material used in the manufacture of sodium carbonate by Solvay process.
(b) How is the sodium hydrogen carbonate formed during Solvay process separated from a
mixture of NH4Cl and NaHCO3?
(c) How is sodium carbonate obtained from sodium hydrogen carbonate?
10. (a) Explain the term roasting as used in metallurgical processes. Give one suitable example for
it.
(b) What changes takes place when Cinnabar (HgS) is heated in air for a long enough time?

11. State reasons for the following:
(a) Metals are good conductors of heat.
(b) Addition of some silver to pure gold for making ornaments.
(c) Inability of non-metals for displacing hydrogen from dilute sulphuric acid.
12. Name the three kinds of cells present in blood. Write one function each of them.
13. Draw a diagram of human alimentary canal showing duodenum, small intestine, liver and
pancreas.
14. Draw a diagram of human brain and label the following parts:
(a) Cerebrum (b) Meninges (c) Medulla oblongata (d) Cerebellum
15. Vikalps father had constructed a new room in their house. An electrician was called in to do
the electric wiring. The electrician was asked to do wiring for two fans, two bulbs, a light
socket and a power socket. Vikalp studies in tenth standard. Just when the electrician had
completed the wiring, Vikalp returned home from school. Vikalp wanted to check the wiring by
using all the switches and sockets. Vikalp found that the two fans and two sockets worked
properly, each having a separate switch but there was a problem in the working of bulbs. Both
the bulbs could be switched on and switched off with the same switch. Vikalp explained the
mistake in wiring to electrician and then two separate switches were provided for the two
bulbs.
(a) In what way were the two fans and two sockets connected in the household circuit by
electrician?
(b) What mistake made by the electrician in connecting two bulbs in the circuit?
(c) What values were displayed by Vikalp during this incident?
16. Draw the pattern of field lines due to a bar magnet. Mention any two properties of the
magnetic field lines.
17. (a) Name the device used to convert:
(i) Solar energy into heat and
(ii) Solar energy into electricity.
(b) Explain the principle of working of a wind mill.
18. Name three forms in which energy from ocean is made available for use. What are OTEC power
plants? How do they operate?
19. Write the balanced chemical equations for the following reactions:
(i) Calcium hydroxide + Carbon dioxide Calcium carbonate + Water
(ii) Zinc + Silver nitrate Zinc nitrate + Silver
(iii) Aluminium + Chromium oxide Aluminium oxide + Chromium
(iv) Barium chloride + Potassium sulphate Barium sulphate + Potassium chloride
(v) Hydrogen + Chlorine Hydrogen chloride
Or
Give the characteristic tests for the following gases:
(i) CO2 (ii) SO2 (iii) O2 (iv) H2

20. Differentiate between an alloy and an amalgam. How are alloys made? State with examples any
two properties in which an alloy may be different from those of its constituents. Write the
constituents and special advantages of:
(i) Stainless Steel (ii) Magnalium
Or
What is meant by the term Enrichment of Ore? Name four methods generally used for
enrichment of ore. With the help of a labelled diagram, describe the method for the enrichment
of sulphide ore.
21. Define the terms Nutrition and Nutrients. List two differences between Holozoic nutrition
and Saprophytic nutrition. Give two examples of each of these two types of nutrition.
Or
(a) Explain why the rate of photosynthesis in plant is low both of lower and higher
temperature.
(b) Is green light most or least useful in photosynthesis and why?
(c) Describe an activity to show that chlorophyll is necessary for photosynthesis in plants.
22. Draw the schematic diagram of a circuit containing the following electrical equipments:
(i) a resistance (ii) a voltmeter (iii) an electric bulb
(iv) a cell (v) plug key (open) (vi) an ammeter
Or
Three incandescent bulbs of 100 W each are connected in series in an electric circuit. In other
set of three bulbs of the same wattage are connected in parallel to the source.
(a) Will the bulb in the two circuits glow with the same brightness? Justify your answer.
(b) Now, let one bulb in both the circuits get fused. Will the rest of the bulbs continue to glow
in each circuit? Give reason.
23. State Flemings Right hand rule. With a labelled diagram, describe the working of an A.C.
electric generator.
Or
Explain with neat and labelled diagram, the principle, construction and working of D.C.
generator, showing the output.
24. Draw the line of forces (indicating field direction) of the magnetic field through and around (a)
a single loop wire carrying electric current and (b) a solenoid carrying electric current.
Or
(a) Draw a schematic diagram of a domestic electric circuit which includes a main fuse, a
power meter, a light point, a fan and a power plug.
(b) Why is it necessary to earth the metallic electric appliances?
Section B
25. When red litmus paper is added to limewater, then what will be the change in litmus paper?
Give reason. Write the chemical formula of limewater also.
26. A destarched leaf on a potted plant was covered with black (A), white (B) and transparent (C)
strips of paper as shown in the figure.

After six hours to exposure to sunlight the leaf was removed from the plant and tested for
starch.
(a) What changes will be observed?
27. A student draw the following circuit diagram for the experiment on studying the dependence
of current (I) on potential difference (V) across a resistor. What are the parts labelled X, Y and
Z in this diagram respectively? Justify your answer also.
28. When the colour of pH paper becomes red, the solution is _________ and pH is between _________.
(a) strongly acid, pH = 1 to 2 (b) weakly acid, pH = 6 to 7
(c) strongly basic, pH = 12 to 13 (d) weakly basic, pH = 7 to 8
29. When SO2 gas is passed through acidified K2Cr2O7 solution:
(a) The solution becomes green due to formation of K2SO4.
(b) The solution becomes green due to formation of Cr2(SO4)2.
(c) The solution becomes yellow due to formation of K2SO4.
(d) The solution becomes red due to formation of Cr2(SO4)2.
30. SO2 gas should not be inhaled because:
(a) It is poisonous.
(b) It is acidic in nature.
(c) It is lighter than air.
(d) It is pungent smelling.
31. Growth hormone : Pituitary : Thyroxin : __________
(a) Thyroid (b) Parathyroid (c) Pancreas (d) Adernal
32. How many spinal nerves are present in human being:
(a) 31 pairs (b) 19 pairs (c) 27 pairs (d) 30 pairs

33. The rest positions of the needles in a Milliammeter and Voltmeter when not being used in a
circuit are as shown in the figure. The zero error and least count of these two instruments
are:
(a) (+4 mA, 0.2 V) and (1 mA, 0.1 V) respectively

(b) (+4 mA, 0.2 V) and (2 mA, 0.2 V) respectively
(c) (4 mA, +0.2 V) and (2 mA, 0.2 V) respectively
(d) (4 mA, +0.2 V) and (2 mA, 0.1 V) respectively
34. While performing the experiment on studying the dependence of current (I) on the potential
difference (V) across a resistor, four students I, II, III and IV set up the circuit is shown.
The correct result will be obtained by the student.

(a) I (b) II (c) III (d) IV
35. If the key in the arrangement is taken out (the circuit is made open) and magnetic field lines
are drawn over the horizontal plane, the lines are:
(a) concentric circles.
(b) elliptical in shape.
(c) straight lines parallel to each other.
(d) concentric circles near the point O but of elliptical shapes as we go away from it.
36. Fuel used in thermal power plants is:
(a) water (b) uranium (c) biomass (d) fossil fuels

SCIENCE (Theory)
Class X
(Solutions)
SECTION-A
1. It gets spoiled due to chemical reaction taking place in it. Calcium lactate changes to lactic acid
which is sour in taste.
2. Fish Gills Mosquito Air tubes or trachea Earthworm skin
3. Mercury or Aluminium or Gold or Tungsten
4. (i) It is neutral.
(ii) 1 M NaOH has a higher pH value.
5. (i) A synergistic action in plants: In tissue cultures of parenchyma, mitosis are accelerated
when both auxin and cytokinin are present.
(ii) an antagonistic action in plants: Auxin stimulates the growth of apical bud and suppresses
the growth of lateral buds (apical dominance), whereas cytokinin promotes the growth of
lateral buds and suppresses apical dominance.
6. I Current (upwards)
Field lines Anticlockwise.
7. The following information can be included in a chemical equation or reaction:

(i) The physical state of substances can be specified as ( s ) , ( l ) , ( g ) , ( aq ) for solids, liquids,
gases or aqueous solutions respectively, e.g.,
3Fe ( s ) + 4H 2 O ( l )
Fe3O4 ( s ) + 4H 2 ( g )
(ii) A reversible reaction is a reaction, which can proceed in both forward and backward
directions. In other words, the reactants give products and products give reactants back
simultaneously, e.g.,
N 2 ( g ) + 3H 2 ( g ) 2NH3 ( g )
(iii) The conditions in which reaction takes place should be included, e.g.,

H 2 ( g ) + Cl 2 ( g )
Sun
light
2HCl ( g )
(iv) The concentration of reacting substances can be mentioned, e.g.,
Cu ( s ) + 2H 2SO4 ( conc.)
Heat
CuSO4 ( s ) + SO2 ( g ) + 2H 2O ( l )
8. Zn ( s ) + CuSO4 ( aq )
ZnSO4 ( aq ) + Cu ( s )
Zinc Blue colourless copper
Blue colour of copper sulphate gets discharged and reddish brown copper metal gets
deposited.
Zn is more reactive than Cu.
9. (a) Sodium chloride (NaCl), Ammonia (NH3), Limestone (CaCO3)

(b) It is done by filtration.
(c) Sodium hydrogen carbonate is heated to get sodium carbonate.
2NaHCO3 heat
Na2CO3 + CO2 + H2O
10. (a) Roasting is a process in which sulphide ore is heated strongly in the presence of oxygen so
as to convert sulphide ore into oxide ore and sulphur is oxidized to SO2.
2ZnS + O2 Hg + SO2
(b) Cinnabar gets reduced to form Mercury.
HgS + O2 Hg + S2
Cinnabar Oxygen Mercury Sulphur dioxide
11. (a) It is due to presence of free electrons or mobile electrons.

(b) It is done so as to increase hardness of gold.
(c) It is because non-metals cant supply electrons so as to convert H + into hydrogen gas.
12. The three kinds of cells present in blood are:

(a) Red blood corpuscles.
(b) White blood corpuscles.
(c) Blood platelests.
Functions of each of them are:
(i) Red blood corpuscles contain haemoglobin that combines with oxygen to form
oxyhaemoglobin which is transported to the tissues of the body for the purpose of
respiration.
(ii) White blood corpuscles protect the body from infections. They manufacture antibodies
which are responsible for immunity.
(iii) Blood platelests help in the coagulation of blood, thus preventing the further loss of
blood in case of injury.
13.

14.
15. (a) The two fans and two sockets were connected correctly in parallel circuits.
(b) The two electric bulbs were connected wrongly in series in the circuit.
(c) Vikalp showed the values of (i) Curiosity to check whether things worked properly or not
(ii) Knowledge of household wiring and (iii) Application of knowledge.

16. The following figure shows the pattern of field lines due to a bar magnet:
Two properties of magnetic field lines:

(i) The magnetic field lines forma closed continuous loop.
(ii) Tangent gives the direction of field.
17. (a) (i) Solar energy into heat Solar cooker

(ii) Solar energy into electricity Solar cell
(b) Principle of working of a wind mill: When the blowing air strikes across the special design
blades of a windmill, blade starts rotating. This rotation is due to the pressure difference
between the difference regions thereby exert a force on the blades. The speed of rotation,
however, may increase or decrease depending upon the wind velocity at that places.
18. Three forms of oceanic energy are:

(a) Sea wave energy
(b) Tidal energy
(c) Ocean thermal energy
OTEC power plant: The plants which are used to harness ocean thermal energy is called OTEC
power plant.
Working of OTEC power plant: A temperature difference between warm surface water
heated by sun and colder water at deeper level up to 1000 m is 20o C ore more is required to
operate OTEC plant.
In the OTEC system, the warm surface water is used to boil a liquid like ammonia. The vapour
of liquid is then used to rotate the turbine of a generator. The cold water from the deeper level
is used to convert the ammonia vapour again into liquid.
19. (i) Ca ( OH )2 ( aq ) + CO2 ( g )

CaCO3 ( s ) + H 2O ( l )
(ii) Zn ( s ) + 2AgNO3 ( aq )
Zn ( NO3 ) 2 ( aq ) + 2Ag ( s )
(iii) 2Al ( s ) + Cr2O3 ( s )
Al2 O3 ( s ) + 2Cr ( s )
(iv) BaCl2 ( aq ) + K 2SO4 ( aq )
BaSO4 ( s ) + 2KCl ( aq )
(v) H 2 ( g ) + Cl2 ( g )
2HCl ( g )
Or

(i) Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas turns lime water milky when passed through it due to the
formation of insoluble calcium carbonate.
Ca(OH)2 + CO2 CaCO3 + H2O
Lime water Carbon dioxide Calcium carbonate
(ii) Sulphur dioxide (SO2) gas when passed through acidic potassium permanganate solution
(purple in colour) turns it colourless because SO2 is a strong reducing agent.
2KMnO4 + 2H2O + 5SO2 K2SO4 + 2MnSO4 + 2H2SO4
Potassium Sulphur Potassium Manganese
Permanganate dioxide sulphate sulphate
(purple) (colourless) (colourless)
(iii) The evolution of oxygen (O2) gas during a reaction can be confirmed by bringing a burning
candle near the mouth of the test tube containing the reaction mixture. The intensity of the
flame increases because oxygen supports burning.
(iv) Hydrogen (H2) gas burns with a pop sound when a burning candle is brought near it.
20. Alloy is homogeneous mixture of two or more metals. One of them can be non-metal also.
Amalgam is a homogeneous mixture of metal and mercury.
Alloys are made by melting the two metals together.
Manganese steel is an alloy of Fe, C and Mn. It does not get rusted whereas iron gets rusted. It
is very hard and tough as compared to iron. Nickel steel contains Fe, C and 36% Ni. It does not
get rusted and it has least coefficient of thermal expansion as compared to iron.
(i) Stainless Steel: It contains 18% Cr and Ni and remaining is Fe. It is resistant to corrosion.
(ii) Magnalium: It is an alloy of magnesium and aluminium. It is light and does not get
corroded.
Or
The process of separating impurities from the ore is called Enrichment of Ores.
Four methods of enrichment of ores are:
(i) Froth floatation process (ii) Chemical separation
(iii) Hydraulic washing (iv) Magnetic separation
Froth floatation process: It is used to separate gangue from the sulphide ores especially of
copper. In this process, the finally powdered ore is mixed with water in a large tank to form a
slurry. Then some pine oil is added to it. The sulphide ores are preferentially wetted by the
pine oil whereas the gangue particles are wetted by water. When air is blown through the
mixture, the lighter oil froth carrying the metal sulphides rises to the top of the tank and floats
as scum. It is then skimmed off and dried. The gangue particles being heavier, sink to the
bottom of the tank.

21. Nutrition: It can be defined as the process by which the organism ingests, digests, absorbs,
transports and utilizes nutrients and disposes off their end products. It can also be defined as
Food at work in the body.
Nutrients: These are those substances which supply nourishment to living organisms from its
surroundings and use it as an energy source or for biosynthesis of body constituents.
Difference between Holozoic Nutrients and Saprophytic Nutirtion:
Holozoic Nutrition Saprophytic Nutrition
(i) In holozoic nutrition, solid food is broken (i) In saprophytic nutrition, the organisms
into simpler soluble forms by the action obtain nutrients from the dead and
of digestive enzymes. decaying organic matter.
(ii) This type of nutrition takes place in four (ii) This type of nutrition takes place by
steps namely, ingestion, digestion, absorption of body surface.
absorption and egestion. Examples: Fungi and Bacteria
Examples: Amoeba and Human beings
Or
(a) The process of photosynthesis involves the activities of a number of enzymes. These
enzymes work more efficiently within a certain range of temperature which is neither very
low nor very high. At low temperature the activity of enzymes is lowered due to which the
rate of photosynthesis is also low. Again when the temperature is very high, the activity of
enzymes decreases, which leads to low rate of photosynthesis.
(b) Green light is least useful in photosynthesis because the chlorophyll pigment reflects it
back.
(c) Activity to show that chlorophyll is necessary for photosynthesis is plants:
(i) A potted plant is kept in dark continuously for 72 hours.
(ii) A leaf of this plant and also a leaf of a plant kept in the Sun for a long time is taken.
(iii) The leaves are dipped in boiling water for a few minutes to denature the enzyme.
(iv) Then the leaves are boiled in alcohol.
(v) The process will remove the chlorophyll and leaves will turn colourless.
(vi) Again the leaves are put in hot water to make them soft.
(vii) A few drops of iodine solution is poured on both the leaves and the colour is observed.

(viii) The colour of the leaf kept in sunlight will turn blue, which shows the presence of
starch. The leaf that was kept in dark becomes brown.
From his observation, it is shown that chlorophyll is necessary for photosynthesis in plants.
22.
Or
Let us assume that the resistance of each bulb be R. The circuit diagram in two cases may be
drawn as given below.
Equivalent resistance in series combination Rs = R + R + R = 3R, Voltage = V

Let current through each bulb in series combination be I1. By Ohms law,
V
V = I1 x 3R I1 =
3R
Power consumption of each bulb in series combination.
2
V V2 V2
P1 = I12 ( 3R ) = 3R = 3R = (i)
3R 9R 2 3R
For parallel circuit,
The resistance of each bulb = R, Voltage across each bulb = V
( same voltage in parallel combination)
V2
Power consumption of each bulb in parallel combination P2 = ..(ii)
3R
P2 ( V / R )
2
From eq. (i) and (ii), = =3 P2 = 3P1

P1 ( V 2 / 3R )

Therefore, each bulb in parallel combination glow 3 times brighter to that of each bulb in series
combination.
(b) When one bulb gets fused in both the circuit, then in series combination, circuit gets broken
and current stops flowing whereas in parallel combination, same voltage continue to act on
the remaining voltage and hence other bulbs continue to glow with same brightness.
23. Right hand thumb rule: Hold the wire in your right hand with your extended thumb pointing
in the direction of current. Your folded fingers will indicate the direction of magnetic field
around the wire.
AC electric generator produces potential which reverses after every 180 rotation of the coil.
Working of an A.C. generator:

When the armature coil ABCD rotates in the magnetic field, with the help of some external
mechanical work in clockwise direction i.e. arm AB moves up and CD moves down, due to
change in the magnetic flux, induce current sets up in the coil. Then according to Flemings
right-hand rule, the current is flowing in the direction ABCD.
After half rotation, CD starts moving up and AB moves down. Hence net induced current in the
direction DCBA.

Thus after every half rotation, the polarity of the induced emf thereby induced current across
the load resistance changes. Therefore in the external circuit, we get alternating current.
Or
D.C generator: D.C generator means the generator which produces unidirectional current.
Principle of D.C. Generator: It is also based on the principle of electromagnetic induction.
Construction: Similar to AC generator. In DC generator, we use split ring commutator as
shown in figure instead of slip ring commutator, which is used in A.C. generator.
Working: The change in the magnetic flux in the rotating coil sets up an induced emf across the
end of the coil. With the help of split ring commutator, one carbon brush is at all times in
contact with the arm moving up while the other is in contact with the arm moving down. Due
to this arrangement, current in the external circuit flows in the same direction, although
induced emf in the coil is reversed after every half rotation.
Thus unidirectional current is produced.

If several coils inclined at equal angles to one another and a commutator with corresponding
number of segments in it are used, we get almost steady current as shown in figure.
24.
Or
(a)

(b) Use of earthing in metallic electric appliances will neutralize any potential in case of short-
circuiting and the person, operating will not get a shock. The appliances will stop
functioning in case of any malfunctioning.
25. The colour of litmus paper will be changed into blue because limewater is a base which turns
red litmus blue. The chemical formula of limewater is Ca(OH)2.
26. (a) Only A and B portions remained colourless and the rest of the leaf turned blue-black.
(b) Portion of leaf covered with opaque paper does not get sunlight.
27. The respectively parts are s milliammeter, a resistor and a voltmeter because Ammeter (X) in
series and voltmeter (Z) in parallel to the resistor (Y).
28. (a)
29. (b)
30. (a)
31. (a)
32. (a)
33. (d)
34. (b)
35. (c)
36. (d)

SCIENCE (Theory)
Class X

or in one sentence.
words each.
50 words each.
70 words each.
you.
Section A
1. What happens when Hydrogen combines with Oxygen in the presence of an electric current?
2. Why is nutrition necessary for an organism?
3. Why is tungsten metal selected for making filaments of incandescent lamp bulbs?
4. Write two observations you would make when quicklime is added to water.
5. Where does cerebrospinal fluid occur in our body? Mention any two of its functions.
6. Draw a sketch of the iron fillings as you spray them on a magnet.
7. (a) What is an ionic equation? Give an example.
(b) Write the name of following compounds:
(i) Mn(OH)2 (ii) FeCl3
8. (a) What is Double displacement reaction? Give an example.
(b) Write balanced equation:
Sodium + Water Sodium hydroxide + Hydrogen
9. (i) What is the action on litmus of:
(a) Dry ammonia gas. (b) Solution of ammonia gas in water
(ii) State the observations you would make on adding ammonium hydroxide to aqueous
solutions of (a) Ferrous sulphate, (b) Aluminium chloride.

10. What is an alloy? Name the constituents of 22-carat gold. Why is 24-carat gold converted to 22-
carat gold?
11. State reasons for the following:
(a) Aluminium oxide is called an amphoteric oxide.
(b) Sodium and potassium metals are kept immersed under kerosene oil.
(c) Hydrogen gas is not evolved when most metals react with nitric acid.
12. List two vital functions of the human kidney. Draw a labelled diagram of an artificial kidney.
13. Explain the process by which inhalation occurs during breathing in human beings.
14. Draw a diagram showing endocrine glands in a human male body. Label the following glands
on it:
(a) Pituitary (b) Thyroid (c) Adrenal (d) Testes
15. Name the unit used in selling electrical energy to consumers. Two lamps, one rated 100 W at
220 V and the other 40 W at 220 V are connected in parallel to a 220 V mains supply. Calculate
the electric current drawn from the supply line.
16. Draw the pattern of lines of force due to magnetic field associated with a current carrying
straight conductor. State how the magnetic field produces changes:
(i) with an increase in current in the conductor and
(ii) the distance from the conductor
17. Vinod went to his ancestral village alongwith his father during the summer holidays. He found
that the women of the village used dried cow-dung cakes (uple) as the fuel to cook food and for
other heating purposes. One day Vinod went to Panchayat meeting in a village which is
attended by all the village elders and requested them to install Gobar Gas plant in the village
and used cow-dung in it to produce gobar gas, instead of burning cow-dung cakes directly. He
explained the advantages of using the gobar gas as a fuel instead of cow-dung cakes. Everyone
liked the idea and thanked Vinod for guidance.
(a) State one disadvantage of using dried cow-dung cakes as a fuel for cooking food.
(b) State one advantage of using gobar gas as a fuel for cooking food.
(c) What values are displayed by Vinod in this whole episode?
18. (a) Write the principle of generation of electric power by a boiling water type nuclear reactor.
Name the coolant used in such a reactor.
(b) Explain the process of generation of energy in the Sun and name the scientist who was first
to propose it.
19. Translate the following statements into chemical equations and then balance them:
(a) Hydrogen gas combines with nitrogen to form ammonia.
(b) Hydrogen sulphide gas burns in air to give water and sulohur dioxide.
(c) Barium chloride reacts with aluminium sulphate to give aluminium chloride and a
precipitate of barium sulphate.
(d) Potassium metal reacts with water to give potassium hydroxide and hydrogen gas.
(e) Hydrogen sulphide gas reacts with oxygen gas to form solid sulphur and liquid water.

Or
Write the difference between Displacement reaction and Double displacement reactions. Write
equations for these reactions also.
20. Four metals A, B, C and D are, in turn, added to the following solutions one by one. The
observations made are tabulated below:
Metal Iron (II) Sulphate Copper (II) Sulphate Zinc Sulphate Silver Nitrate
A No reaction Displacement --------- ---------
B Displacement --------- No reaction ---------
C No reaction No reaction No reaction Displacement
D No reaction No reaction No reaction No reaction
Answer the following questions based on above information:
(i) Which is the most active metal and why?
(ii) What would be observed if B is added to a solution of Copper (II) sulphate and why?
(iii) Arrange the metals A, B, C and D in order of increasing reactivity.
(iv) Container of which metal can be used to store both Zinc sulphate and Silver nitrate
solution?
(v) Which of the above solutions can be easily stored in a container made up of any of these
metals?
Or
You are given the following materials:

(i) Iron nails (ii) Copper sulphate solution (iii) Barium chloride solution
(iv) Copper powder (v) Ferrous sulphate crystals (vi) quick lime
Identify the type of chemical reaction taking place when:
(a) Barium chloride solution is mixed with copper sulphate solution and a white precipitate is
observed.
(b) On heating copper powder in air in a China dish, the surface of copper powder turns black.
(c) On heating green coloured ferrous sulphate crystals, reddish brown solid is left and smell
of a gas having odour of burning sulphur is experienced.
(d) Iron nails when left dipped in blue copper sulphate solution become brownish in colour
and the blue colour of copper sulphur fades away.
(e) Quick lime reacts vigorously with water releasing a large amount of heat.
21. How is Respiration is different from Breathing? Explain the process of Aerobic respiration
and Anaerobic respiration.
Or
Draw a diagram showing Human respiratory system. Label its following parts:
(i) Larynx (ii) Trachea (iii) Primary Bronchus (iv) Lungs
Why do the walls of the trachea not collapse when there is less air in it?

22. A household uses the following electric appliances:
(i) Refrigerator of rating 400 W for 10 hours each day.
(ii) Two electric fans of rating 80 W each for 6 hours daily.
(iii) Six electric tubes of rating 18 W each for 6 hours daily.
Calculate the electricity bill for the household for the month of June if cost electrical energy is
` 3.00 per unit.
Or
(i) The potential difference between two points in an electric circuit is 1 volt. What does is
mean? Name a device that helps to measure the potential difference across a conductor.
(ii) Why does the connecting cord of an electric heater not glow while the heating element
does?
(iii) Electric resistivities of some substances at 20o C are given below:
Silver 1.60 108 m Copper 1.62 108 m
Tungsten 5.2 10 8 m Iron 10.0 108 m
Mercury 94.0 10 8 m Nichrome 100 106 m
Answer the following questions using above data:
(a) Among Silver and Coper, which one is a better conductor and why?
(b) Which material would you advise to be used in electrical heating devices and why?
23. State Flemings Left hand rule. With a labelled diagram, describe the working of an electric
motor. What is the function of split ring commutator in motor?
Or
Explain with a neat diagram, the principle, construction and working of an A.C. generator.
24. What are magnetic field lines? How will you draw them? Write their characteristics.
Or
Show a domestic electric circuit with fuse, a bulb and a geyser from main electric line. Indicate
also the capacity of fuse used for geyser and the bulb.
SECTION B
25. If we mix equal volume of 1 M NaOH solution with 1 M solution of HCl and then if we add blue
litmus into it, then what will be the change in litmus paper? Write the chemical reaction
involved.
26. In an experiment on photosynthesis, a student fixed a strip of black paper on the dorsal surface
of a Bougainvillea leaf in the morning. In the evening she tested the leaf for starch.
(a) What will be the result?
(b) Justify your answer

27. In the experiment on studying the dependence of current (I) on the potential difference (V),
three students plotted the following graphs between (V) and (I) as per their respective
observations.
(a) Which observation is correct?

28. Four students I, II, III and IV were asked to examine the changes for blue and red litmus paper
strips with dilute HCl (solution A) and dilute NaOH (solution B). The following observations
were reported by the four students. The sign ( ) indicating no colour change.
(I) (II)
Litmus A B Litmus A B
Blue ---- Red Blue Red ----
Red ---- Blue Red ---- Blue
(III) (IV)
Litmus A B Litmus A B
Blue Red Red Blue Blue Blue
Red Blue Blue Red Red Red
The correct observation would be of the student:

29. The apparatus should be kept air tight because:

(a) SO2 is lighter than air.
(b) SO2 is soluble in water.
(c) SO2 will escape from the gaps.
(d) SO2 is poisonous.
30. When acidified potassium dichromate solution is added to a jar containing sulphur dioxide gas,
the solution becomes:
(a) colourless (b) brown (c) dark orange (d) green
31. Which structure out of I, II, III and IV marked in the given diagram of the epidermal peel of leaf
should be labelled as stoma:

32. Phototropism : Shoots : Geotropism : __________

(a) Leaves (b) Flowers (c) Roots (d) Shoots
33. The rest positions of the needles in a Milliammeter and Voltmeter were shown in figure A.
When a student used these in her experiment, the final readings of the needle were in the
position shown in figure B.
The correct readings of the two instruments are:

(a) 34 mA and 4.2 V respectively (b) 37 mA and 4.8 V respectively
(c) 31 mA and 4.8 V respectively (d) 31 mA and 4.2 V respectively
34. To study the dependence of current (I) on the potential difference (V) across a resistor, two
students used the two set ups shown in figure (A) and (B) respectively. They kept the contact J
in four different positions, marked (i), (ii), (iii), (iv) in the two figures.

For the two students, their Ammeter and Voltmeter readings will be minimum when the
contact J is in the position:
(a) (i) in both the set ups.
(b) (iv) in both the set ups.
(c) (iv) in set up (A) and (i) in set up (B)
(d) (i) in set up (A) and (iv) in set up (B)
35. A circular loop placed in a plane perpendicular to the place of paper carries a current when the
key is ON. The current as seen from points A and B (in the plane of paper and on the axis of the
coil) is anti-clockwise respectively. The magnetic field lines from B to A. The N-pole of the
resultant magnet is on the face close to:
(a) A
(b) B
(c) A, if the current is small and B, if the current is large.
(d) B, if the current is small and A, if the current is large.
36. In a hydro power plant:

(a) Potential energy possessed by stored water is converted into electricity.
(b) Kinetic energy possessed by stored water is converted into potential energy.
(c) Electricity is extracted from water.
(d) Water is converted into steam to produce electricity.

SCIENCE (Theory)
Class X
(Solutions)
SECTION-A
1. When Hydrogen combines with Oxygen in the presence of electric current, water is formed.
2H2 + O2
electric
current
2H2O
2. Nutrition is necessary for an organism because it serves as energy source which is utilized in
all physiological activities like growth, development and maintenance of life.
3. Tungsten metal has high resistivity and high melting point.
4. (i) The solution becomes hot.
(ii) Quicklime forms milky solution with water.
CaO + H2O Ca(OH)2
5. The cerebrospinal fluid occurs in the sub-arachnoid space in the cerebral ventricles and spinal
canal.
Functions:
(a) It serves to maintain a constant pressure inside the cranium.
(b) It provides protection to the ears against mechanical injury and shock.
6.
7. (a) The equation involving ions and elements is called an ionic equation, e.g.,
2I ( aq ) + Br2 ( aq )
I 2 ( aq ) + 2Br ( aq )
(b) (i) Manganese Hydroxide, (ii) Ferric chloride
8. Double displacement reaction is a reaction in which compounds exchange their ions, i.e. two
atoms or ions displace each other, e.g.,
Ba ( NO3 )2 ( aq ) + ( NH 4 )2 CO3 ( aq )
BaCO3 ( s ) + 2NH 4 NO3 ( aq )
Barium Nitrate Ammonium carbonate Barium Ammonium Nitrate
Carbonate
(b) 2Na + 2H2O
2NaOH + H2

9. (i) (a) Litmus has no action on dry ammonia gas.
(b) Solution of ammonia gas in water turns red litmus blue.
(ii) (a) When ammonium hydroxide is added to ferrous sulphate solution, geren precipitate is
formed.
FeSO4 + 2NH4OH Fe(OH)2 + (NH4)2SO4
(b) Gelatinous white precipitate is formed.
AlCl3 + 3NH4OH Al(OH)3 + 3NH4Cl
10. An Alloy is homogeneous mixture of two or more metals. Ore of them can be non-metals also.
22
22-carat gold contains 100 = 90.66% gold and remaining copper.
24
It is because 24-carat gold (pure gold) is too soft to make ornaments.
11. (a) It reacts with both acids as well as bases therefore, it is called amphoteric oxide.
(b) It is because they are highly reactive and catch fire in moist air.
(c) It is because nitric acid is strong oxidizing agent
12. The vital functions of human kidney are as follows:

(i) Excretion: Metabolic wastes are excreted in the form of urine.
(ii) Osmoregulation: Maintenance of water quantity in all the parts of the body.
13. Inhalation or inspiration is the process by which air is brought into the lungs during breathing
in human beings. It involves the following steps.
(i) The external intercostal muscles contract causing ribs to pull out and chest cavity to
expand.
(ii) Diaphragm contracts and is brought down a little. This also expands the chest cavity.

(iii) There is a contraction of the abdominal muscles. The expansion of chest cavity creates a
partial vacuum and atmospheric air rushes the lung.
14.
1 1 1 V2 V2 V2
15. In parallel connection, = + = + P = P1 + P2
R p R1 R 2 R p R1 R 2
P = 100 + 40 = 140 W
Potential applied = 220 V
P 140 7
Current drawn from the power supply I = = = A
V 220 11

16.
(i) Magnitude of field increases as ( B I )

1
(ii) Magnetic field decreases with an increase in distance from the conductor B
r
17. (a) Burning of dried cow-dung cakes as fuel produces a lot of smoke which cause air pollution
in the houses and damage the health of all the family members, especially women and
children.
(b) Gobar gas burns without producing any smoke and hence does not cause any air pollution.
This ensures good health for village people especially women and children who spend most
of their time inside the house.
(c) General awareness of the alternative sources of energy and concern about the environment
and health of village people.
18. (a) It is based on the fission of self sustaining controlled chain reaction of U-235. The heat
produced in the reactor is taken away the coolant such as water or heavy water or liquid
sodium and used to heat the water and convert it into steam. The high pressure steam
rotates the turbine which generates electricity.
(b) The process of generation of energy in the sun is nuclear fusion. For every fusion of
deuterium, it releases 21.6 MeV energy. It was Hans Bethe who first proposed it. Helium is
the product of the fusion.
1 H + 1 H 42 He + 21.6 MeV
2 2
19. (a) N 2 ( g ) + 3H 2 ( g )
2NH3 ( g )
(b) 2H 2S( g ) + 3O2 ( g )
2H 2O ( l ) + 2SO2 ( g )
(c) 3BaCl2 ( aq ) + Al2 ( SO4 )3 ( aq )
2AlCl3 ( aq ) + 3BaSO4 ( s )
(d) 2K ( s ) + 2H 2 O ( l )
2KOH ( aq ) + H 2 ( g )
(e) 2H 2S( g ) + O2 ( g )
2S ( s ) + 2H 2O ( l )
Or
Displacement reaction: In a displacement reaction, a more reactive element displaces or
removes another element from its compound.
For example, Zinc being more reactive, displaces copper from its compound.

Zn ( s ) + CuSO4 ( aq )
ZnSO4 ( aq ) + Cu ( s )
Double Displacement reaction: In case double displacement reaction, two compounds react
by exchanging their ions and form two new compounds.
For example, Silver and Sodium exchange their ions, NO 3 and Cl respectively and form two
new compounds in the following reaction.
AgNO3 ( aq ) + NaCl ( aq )
AgCl ( s ) + NaNO3 ( aq )
20. (i) B is most active metal because it can displace iron from iron (II) sulphate, whereas A, C, D
cannot displace iron from iron (II) sulphate.
(ii) B will displace copper (reddish brown) from copper sulphate solution because B can
displace both iron as well as copper.
(iii) B > A > C > D
D, C, A, B is increasing order of reactivity.
(iv) Zinc sulphate solution can be stored in metal B, C and D, silver nitrate solution can be
stord in container of metal D.
(v) Zinc sulphate
Or
(a) BaCl2 (aq) + CuSO4 (aq)

BaSO4 (s) + CuCl2 (aq)
Barium Copper White ppt Copper chloride
Chloride sulphate (Barium sulphate)
It is precipitation reaction and Double Displacement reaction.
(b) 2Cu (s) + O2 (g) 2CuO (s)
Copper Oxygen Black copper oxide
It is Combination reaction. It can also be called as Oxidation reaction.
(c) 2FeSO4 (s) heat
Fe2O3 (s) + SO2 + SO3 (g)
Iron (II) sulphate (Ferric oxide) Sulphur Sulphur
Green Reddish Brown dioxide trioxide
Solid (smell of burning sulphur)
It is Decomposition reaction.
(d) Fe (s) + CuSO4 (aq) FeSO4 (aq) + Cu(s)
Iron Blue Pale green Copper (reddish brown)
It is Single Displacement reaction. Iron can displace copper from copper sulphate solution.
21. Difference between Breathing and Respiration:
Breathing Respiration
(i) It is a bio-physical process where oxygen (i) It is a bio-chemical process where
is taken and carbon dioxide is given out. oxidation of food occurs and carbon
dioxide is released.
(ii) It does not require enzymes. (ii) It occurs in the presence of respiratory
enzymes.
(iii) No energy is released during the process. (iii) Energy is released in the form of ATP.
(iv) It occurs at organ level. (iv) It occurs at cellular level.
(v) It is found in higher animals only. (v) It is found in all animals and plants.

Aerobic respiration: When tissues carry our oxidation of food materials, utilizing molecular
oxygen, the process is called Aerobic respiration.
( 2)
Glucose Pyruvic acid
( in mitochondria ) 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + 38 ATP
Glycolysis in presence of O
(in cytoplasm)
(2 molecules of pyruvate) (energy)

Anaerobic respiration: When cells or organisms carry out oxidation of nutrients without
utilizing molecular oxygen, the process is called Anaerobic respiration.
( 2)
Glucose Pyruvic acid
( yeast fermentation ) 2C2 H5 OH + 2CO2 + 2 ATP
Glycolysis in absence of O
(in cytoplasm)
(2 molecules of pyruvate) (energy)
Or
The walls of trachea does not collapse when there is less air in it as it is supported by rings of
cartilage.
22. Energy consumed per day by refrigerator = 0.4 kW x 10 h = 4 kWh

400
(Power of refrigerator = 400 W = kW = 0.4 kW)
1000
Energy consumed per day by fans = 2 x 0.08 kW x 6 h = 0.96 kWh
80
(Power of each fan = 80 W = kW = 0.08 kW)
1000
Energy consumed per day by Lights = 6 x 0.018 kW x 6 h = 0.648 kWh
Total energy consumed per day = 4 + 0.96 + 0.648 = 5.608 kWh
Energy consumed in 30 days = 30 x 5.608 = 168.24 kWh
Cost of 261.84 units @ `3.00 = 1.68.24 x 3 = ` 504.72
Or
(i) The potential difference between two points is 1 volt means that if a charge of 1 coulomb
is moved from one point to other, 1 joule of work is required.

The potential difference across a conductor us measured by means of an instrument called
the Voltmeter.
(ii) The electric power P is given by P = I2R
The resistance of the heating element is very high. Large amount of heat generates in the
heating element and it glows hot.
The resistance of connecting cord is very low. Thus, negligible heat generates in the
connecting cord and it does not glow.
(iii) (a) Silver is a better conductor due to its lower resistivity.
(b) Nichrome should be used in electrical heating devices due to very high resistivity.
23. Flemings Left hand rule: Stretch the first three fingers of the left hand mutually
perpendicular to each other such that the fore finger points the direction of magnetic field, the
middle finger points the direction of current, then the thumb will indicate the direction of force
experienced by the conductor. It is to be applied when the current and field are perpendicular
to each other.
Electric motor: The device used to convert electrical energy to mechanical energy is called
Electric Motor. It is used in fans, machines etc.
Principle: Electric motor works on the principle of force experienced by a current carrying
conductor in a magnetic field. The two forces in the opposite sides are equal and opposite.
Since they act in different lines they bring rotational motion.
Working: It consists of an armature coil with many turns, a strong magnetic field source,
commutator, carbon brushes and a source of electrical energy. As the current I flows in the coil
ACDE, it will experience equal and opposite forces separated by a perpendicular distance. This
makes the coil to rotate about its axis. After 180 rotation, the arms of the coil (say AC and DE)
change the sides. At this stage the commutator reverses the direction of the current and
ensures the flow of current in the same direction. So the motor continues to rotate the coil.
During this rotation, some induced current is produced and it flows in the opposite direction.
This causes a reduction in the current flowing through the coil as the speed increases.

Functions of split ring commutator: After half a rotation of the coil about its axis, the
commutator reverses the direction of current and ensures the flow of current in the same
direction. So the motor continues to rotate the coil.
Or
AC electric generator produces potential which reverses after every 180 rotation of the coil.
Working of an A.C. generator:

When the armature coil ABCD rotates in the magnetic field, with the help of some external
mechanical work in clockwise direction i.e. arm AB moves up and CD moves down, due to
change in the magnetic flux, induce current sets up in the coil. Then according to Flemings
right-hand rule, the current is flowing in the direction ABCD.

After half rotation, CD starts moving up and AB moves down. Hence net induced current in the
direction DCBA.
Thus after every half rotation, the polarity of the induced emf thereby induced current across
the load resistance changes. Therefore in the external circuit, we get alternating current.
24. Magnetic field: Surrounding a magnet its influence is felt by any other magnetic element. It
The direction of magnetic field at a point is determined by drawing a tangent at that point. The
direction of tangent gives the direction of magnetic field.
Characteristics of Magnetic field lines:
(i) The direction of the magnetic field is indicated by the arrow in the line at any point
(Tangent).
(ii) The field lines come out of the North pole and get into the South pole (closed loops are
formed).
(iii) The strength of magnetic field is indicated by the closeness of the field lines. Closer the
lines, more will be the strength and farther the lines, lesser will be the field strength.
(iv) No two field lines will intersect each other if they intersect there will be two different
directions for field at the same point which is not possible.
Or

25. No effect will be on blue.
NaOH + HCl NaCl + H2O
NaCl is neutral, so blue litmus will remain blue. There is no effect.
26. (a) The entire leaf turned blue black.
(b) In the diffused light reaching the ventral surface, photosynthesis takes place and so the
whole leaf responds to starch test.
27. (a) The observation of student II is correct.
(b) As V = 0, then I should also be zero, since V = IR.
28. (b)
29. (c)
30. (d)
31. (c)
32. (c)
33. (c)
34. (b)
35. (a)
36. (a)

SCIENCE (Theory)
Class X

or in one sentence.
words each.
50 words each.
70 words each.
you.
Section A
1. Define Electrolysis.
2. What is breathing?
3. A wire of resistance 10 is bent in the form of a closed circle. What is the effective resistance
between the two points at the ends of any diameter of the circle?
4. A calcium compound which is a yellowish white powder is used as a disinfectant and also in
textile industry. Name the compound. Which gas is released when this compound is left
exposed to air?
5. Name the ovarian hormones and give the function of any one of them.
6. What is the difference between direct and alternating currents? Write one important
advantage of using alternating current.
7. Balance the ionic equation:
(a) Cu ( s ) + Ag +
Cu 2+ + Ag
(b) Al + H +
Al3+ + H 2
3+
(c) Fe + Cr Fe 2 + + Cr 3+
8. Write one equation each for decomposition reactions where energy is supplied in the form of
heat, light or electricity.
9. (i) Differentiate between strong and weak electrolyte.

(ii) Select the strong electrolytes from amongst the following:
Molten NaCl, glacial CH3COOH, strong NH4OH solution, dil. HCl
10. Give reasons:
(a) Germanium is called a metalloid.
(b) Zirconium is known as a strategic metal.
(c) Nitrogen in used to preserve food.
11. (a) What are strategic metals? Give one example also.
(b) State the reason for the following behaviour of Zinc metal:
On placing a piece of Zinc metal in a solution of mercuric chloride, it acquires a shining
silvery surface but when it is placed in a solution of magnesium sulphate no change is
observed.
12. What is the function of epiglottis in man? Draw a labelled diagram showing the human
respiratory system.
13. Draw a diagram of the front view of human heart and label any six parts including at least two,
that are concerned with arterial blood supply to the heart muscles.
14. Draw the diagram of a neuron.
15. In a household 5 tubelights of 40 W each are used for 5 hours and an electric press of 500 W
for 4 hours everyday. Calculate the total electrical energy consumed by the tubelights and
press in a month of 30 days.
16. Aslam is a welder by profession who was working at Mohans house. After making a railing by
using electric welding with naked eyes, Aslam was using a grinder on it to smoothen the
welding joints. Just them some particles fell into Aslams eye. He started crying with pain.
Mohan hired an auto and took him to an eye hospital, doctor used a device connected to two
electric wires to remove the particles form Aslams eye. Aslam asked Mohan what had fallen
into his eye and what device was used by the doctor to remove that particle from the eye.
Being a science student of class X, Mohan explained everything to Aslam and asked him to be
careful in future.
(a) What could be the particle fell into Aslams eye?
(b) What device was used by the doctor to remove the particle and how it worked?
(c) What values are shown by Mohan during this episode?
17. Explain the difference between nuclear fission and nuclear fusion reaction with examples. Give
reason why the energy due to fusion is not being used to meet our day to day energy needs?
18. With the help of a labelled diagram, describe the working of a solar water heater.
19. With the help of an activity, explain that hydrogen and oxygen are released when electric
current is passed through water.
Or
(a) Crystal of copper sulphate are heated in a test tube for some time:
(i) What is the colour of copper sulphate crystals before heating and after heating?

(ii) What is the source of liquid droplets seen on the inner upper side of the test tube during
the heating process?
(b) A metal X when dipped in aqueous solution of aluminium sulphate no reaction is observed
whereas when it is dipped in an aqueous solution of ferrous sulphate, the pale green
solution turns colourless. Identify the metal X with reason.
20. (i) Define the term alloy and amalgam. Name the alloy used for welding electric wires
together. What are its constituents.
(ii) Name the constituents of the following alloys:
(a) Brass (b) Stainless steel (c) Bronze
State one property in each of these alloys, which is different from its main constituents.
Or
What method of concentration of ore is preferred in each of the following cases and why?
(i) The ore has higher density particles interspersed with a large bulk of low density
impurities.
(ii) The ore consists of copper sulphide intermixed with clay particles.
(iii) Give an example of amalgam.
21. (i) Name the blood vessel that brings oxygenated bloof to human heart.
(ii) Which chamber of human heart receives oxygenated blood?
(iii) Explain how oxygenated blood from this chamber is sent to all parts of the body.
Or
(i) Name the blood vessel that brings deoxygenated blood to human heart.
(ii) Which chamber of human heart receives deoxygenated blood?
(iii) Explain how deoxygenated blood from this chamber is sent to lungs for oxygenation.
22. (a) Name an instrument that measures electric current in a circuit. Define the unit of electric
current.
(b) What do the following symbols represent in a circuit diagram:
(c) An electric circuit consisting of a 0.5 m long Nichrome wire XY, an ammeter, a voltmeter,
four cells of 1.5 V each and a plug key was set up.
(i) Draw the electric circuit diagram to study the relation between the potential difference
maintained between the points X and Y and the electric current flowing through XY.
(ii) Following graph was plotted between V and I values using above circuit:

V
What would be the values of ratios when the potential difference is 0.8 V, 1.2 V and
I
1.6 V respectively? What conclusion do you draw from these values?
Or
Explain the following:

(i) Why is the tungsten used almost exclusively for filament of an electric lamp?
(ii) Why are the elements of electric heating devices, such as bread-toaster and electric irons,
made of an alloy rather than a pure metal?
(iii) Why is the series arrangement of appliances not used for domestic circuits?
(iv) How does the resistance of a wire vary with its area of cross-section?
(v) Why are copper and aluminium wires usually employed for electric energy transmission?
23. What is electromagnetic induction? Give two methods of inducing electric current in a coil.
Explain each method with the help of diagram.
Or
Draw a labelled diagram of domestic circuit. What is the importance of earthing in a circuit?
24. State the principle on which an electromagnet works. Describe an activity to make an
electromagnet. Give two uses of electromagnet.
Or
Describe an activity to draw magnetic lines of force around a current carrying (a) straight
conductor, (b) circular loop.
Section B
25. Which of the following gas turn limewater milky:

(a) CO2 (b) SO2
(c) Both CO2 and SO2 (d) Neither CO2 nor SO2
Write chemical reactions involved.
26. A student wanted to decolourise a leaf. In which solvent, he should boil the leaf? Justify your
answer.

27. The current flowing through a resistor connected in an electrical circuit and the potential
difference developed across its ends is shown in figure. Calculate the value of resistance of the
resistor in ohms.
28. Given below are the observations reported by four students I, II, III and IV for the changes
observed with dilute HCl or dilute NaOH and different materials.
Material Dil HCl Dil. NaOH
I. Moist litmus paper Blue to red Red to blue
Does not react at room
II. Zinc metal React at room temperature
temperature
Remains clear and
III. Zinc metal on heating Liquid becomes milky
transparent
IV. Solid sodium bicarbonate No reaction Brisk effervescence
The incorrectly reported observation is:

29. Dil. H2SO4 cannot be used in preparation of SO2 because:
(a) It is not a good oxidizing agent.
(b) It is a good reducing agent.
(c) It is bleaching agent.
(d) It is dehydrating agent.
30. A student asked to demonstrate the following two properties of sulphur dioxide gas:
I. It is heavier than air and
II. It is highly soluble in water.
Which two of the following four arrangements would the student use to demonstrate these
properties:
(a) I and II (b) II and III (c) I and III (d) II and IV
31. Medulla Oblongata is originated from:
(a) Mesoderm (b) Ectoderm (c) Endoderm (d) Ectomesoderm
32. The innermost layer of the human eye is:
(a) sciera (b) cornea (c) retina (d) lens

33. In the experiment on studying the dependence of current (I) on potential difference (V), four
student set up their circuits as shown below:
The best set up is that of:

(a) student I (b) student II (c) student III (d) student IV
34. The following circuit diagram shows the experimental set-up for the study of dependence of
current on potential difference. Which two circuit components are connected in series:
(a) Battery and Voltmeter (b) Ammeter and Voltmeter

(c) Ammeter and Rheostat (d) Resistor and Voltmeter
35. For a current in a long straight solenoid N and S-poles are created at the two ends. Among the
following statements, the incorrect statement is:
(a) The field lines inside the solenoid are in the form of straight lines which indicate that the
magnetic field is the same at all the points inside the solenoid.
(b) The strong magnetic field produced inside the solenoid can be used to magnetize a piece of
magnetic material like soft iron, when placed inside the coil.
(c) The pattern of magnetic field associated with the solenoid is different from the pattern of
the magnetic field around a bar magnet.
(d) The N and S-poles exchange position when the direction of current through the solenoid is
reversed.
36. Which is the ultimate source of energy:
(a) Water (b) Sun (c) Uranium (d) Fossil fuels

SCIENCE (Theory)
Class X
(Solutions)
SECTION-A
1. Electrolysis is a process in which a compound is broken down in simpler substance when

electric current is passed through it in motion state or in aqueous solution.
2. The process of letting in oxygen from air into the lungs and carbon dioxide out of the lungs is
called breathing.
3. Two points at the ends of any diameter will divide the resistor into two equal parts. So parts
are in parallel combination.
1 1 1 2 5
= + = R eq = = 2.5
R eq 5 5 5 2
4. Bleaching powder (Calcium oxychloride)
Chlorine gas is released.
CaOCl2 + CO2 CaCO3 + Cl2 (g)
5. The hormones secreted by ovaries are estrogen and progesterone.
At puberty, estrogens stimulate the growth, maturation and functions of female secondary sex
organs such as uterus, fallopian tubes and the duct system of mammary glands.
6. Difference between direct and alternating current:
Direct current always flows in one direction only whereas alternating current reverses its
direction periodically.
Advantage of an alternating current:
Alternating current can be transmitted over a long distances without loss of energy.
7. (a) Cu ( s ) + 2Ag +
Cu 2+ + 2Ag
(b) 2Al + 6H +
2Al3+ + 3H 2
(c) 3Fe3+ + Cr
3Fe 2 + + Cr 3+
8. (a) CaCO3 ( s )
heat
CaO ( s ) + CO2 ( g )
(b) 2AgCl ( s )
Sunlight
2Ag ( s ) + Cl2 ( g )
(c) 2H 2O ( l )
electricity
2H 2 ( g ) + O2 ( g )
9. (i) Strong electrolytes are those which dissociate into ions completely in aqueous solution.
Weak electrolytes are those which do not associate into ions completely in aqueous
solution.
(ii) CH3COOH and NH4OH are weak electrolytes whereas molten NaCl and dilute HCl are strong
electrolytes.

10. (a) Germanium shows the properties of both metals and non-metals, therefore, it is regarded
as metalloids.
(b) Zirconium is highly valuable for economy for country as it is very useful in nuclear reactor,
therefore it is called a strategic metal.
(c) Nitrogen prevents food from getting oxidized, therefore, it is used to preserve food.
11. (a) Strategic metals are those which are very important for the economy or defence of a
country. These metals and their alloys are used in atomic energy, space science projects,
jet engines, high grade steels, etc., e.g., Titanium, Zirconium, Chromium, Manganese etc.
(b) When Zinc metal is placed in solution of mercuric chloride, Zn displaces mercury and a
shining silvery surface is formed because zinc is more reactive than mercury.
Zn ( s ) + HgCl2 ( aq )
ZnCl2 ( aq ) + Hg ( l )
When zinc metal is placed in MgSO4 solution, no reaction takes place because Zn is less
reactive than Mg, therefore it cannot displace Mg from MgSO4.
12. The function of epiglottis in man is that at the time of swallowing food, the epiglottis closes the
tracheal opening thereby preventing the food from entering the windpipe.
13.

14.
40
15. Energy consumed by 5 tubelights of 40 W for 5 hours in 1 day = 5 5 = 1 kWh
1000
500 4
Energy consumed by an electric press of 500 W for 4 hours in 1 day = = 2 kWh
1000
Energy consumed in 1 day = 1 + 2 = 3 kWh
Total electrical energy consumed in 30 days = 3 x 30 = 90 kWh = 90 units

16. (a) An iron particle fell into Aslams eye while using the grinder on iron railing.
(b) The doctor used an electromagnet to remove the tiny iron particle. Electromagnet is a
powerful magnet and the iron particle in the eye is strongly attracted by the
electromagnet, sticks to the electromagnet and gets removed.
(c) Mohan showed the values of (i) Ability to handle a serious situation with calmness and (ii)
Desire to help others (by rushing Aslam to an eye hospital).
17. Difference between Nuclear fission and Nuclear fusion:
Nuclear Fission Nuclear Fusion
(i) Heavy nucleus splits to form lighter (i) Lighter nuclei fuse together to form
nuclei. heavy nucleus.
(ii) Products are radioactive. (ii) Products are non-radioactive.
(iii) Energy released to nearly 200 MeV. (iii) Energy released to nearly 21.6 MeV.
(iv) Energy per nucleon is less. (iv) Energy per nucleon is more.
Example:
235
Fission: 92 U + 10 n
139 94 1
56 Ba + 36 Kr + 30 n + Energy
Fusion: 12 H + 12 H
42 He + Energy
Fusion is not used to meet day-to-day energy requirements because it is not controlled so far,
and it can be self sustained only at 108 K temperature.
18. Solar water heater: It is a device in which water is heated by using solar energy.
Principle: Solar water heater works on the heat absorbing property of balck surfaces and
greenhouse effect.
It consists of an insulated box B which is painted black from inside and in which copper tube is
fitted in the form of a coil. These copper tubes are painted black from outside so that they may
absorb hot rays of the sun more efficiently. The box is covered with glass lid so as to prevent
heat loss by convection and radiation. The two ends of the copper tube of solar water heater
are joined to the water storage tank.

19. Activity
(i) Take a plastic vessel. Drill two holes at its
bottom and set rubber stoppers in these
holes.
(ii) Insert carbon electrodes in these rubber
stoppers and connect these electrodes to a 6
volt battery and a switch.
(iii) Fill the vessel with water such that the
electrodes are immersed. Add a few drops of
dilute sulphuric acid to the water in the
vessel.
(iv) Take two graduated test tubes filled with
water and invert them over the two carbon
electrodes.
(v) Switch on the current.
(vi) After sometime you will observe the formation of bubbles at both the electrodes. These
bubbles displace water in the graduated tubes.
(vii) Once the test tubes are filled with the respective gases, remove them carefully.
(viii) Test these gases one by one by bringing a burning splinter of wood close to the mouth of
the test tubes.
(ix) When the glowing splinter of wood is brought close to the mouth of one test tube, it
relights and when it is brought close to the mouth of other test tube, the gas burns with a
pop. Oxygen is the only common gas that relights the splinter and hydrogen gas buns with
a pop.
Or
(a) (i) Blue; white

(ii) The liquid droplets are actually the water droplets. The source of water droplets is the
water of crystallization of hydrated copper sulphate crystals ( CuSO4 .5H 2O ) .
(b) When metal X is dipped in aqueous solution of aluminium sulphate no reaction is observed,
it means it is less reactive than aluminium. But when it is dipped in ferrous sulphate
solution, the solution turns form pale green to colourless, so X is more reactive than iron
and thus displaces it from its solution.
Therefore, X must be Zinc. It reacts with ferrous sulphate to form colourless zinc sulphate
solution by displacing iron.
Zn ( s ) + FeSO4 ( aq )
ZnSO4 ( aq ) + Fe ( s )
20. (i) Alloy is homogeneous mixture of two or more metals. One of them can be a non-metal also.
Amalgam is an alloy of any metal with mercury.
Solder is an alloy used for welding electric wire together. It contains lead (Pb) and tin (Sn)
(ii) (a) Brass contains copper and zinc.
(b) Stainless steel containing iron, carbon along with chromium and nickel.

(iii) Bronze is an alloy of copper and tin.
Brass does not get rusted easily whereas copper does. Stainless steel does not get rusted
whereas iron does. Bronze is harder than copper and tin
Or
(i) Hydraulic washing: It is used for enrichment of oxides ore in which density of
impurities is less than that of ore.
In this process, the crushed and finally powdered ore is washed with a steam of water.
The lighter impurities are washed away, leaving behind the heavier ore particles.
(ii) Froth floatation process: It is used to separate gangue from the sulphide ores
especially of copper. In this process, the finally powdered ore is mixed with water in a large
tank to form a slurry. Then some pine oil is added to it. The sulphide ores are preferentially
wetted by the pine oil whereas the gangue particles are wetted by water. When air is blown
through the mixture, the lighter oil froth carrying the metal sulphides rises to the top of the
tank and floats as scum. It is then skimmed off and dried. The gangue particles being
heavier, sink to the bottom of the tank.
(iii) Amalgam are alloys of mercury with other metals, e.g., Sodium amalgam, Zinc
amalgam.
21. (i) The pulmonary vein brings oxygenated blood to the human heart.
(ii) The left auricle of human heart receives oxygenated blood.
(iii) (a) When oxygenated blood comes into the left atrium it contracts and pours blood into
left ventricle.
(b) The left ventricle contracts and the oxygenated blood from here is distributed to all
parts of the body though aorta.
Or
(i) The pulmonary artery brings deoxygenated blood to the human heart.
(ii) The right auricle of human heart receives deoxygenated blood.
(iii) (a) Right auricle pours deoxygenated blood into right ventricle.

(b) From right ventricle deoxygenated blood flows to the lungs through pulmonary artery
for oxygenation.
22. (a) An instrument that measures electric current in a circuit is called Ammeter. The unit of
electric current is Ampere (A). 1 ampere is constituted by the flow of 1 coulomb of charge
through any point in an electric circuit in 1 second.
(b) (i) Variable resistance or rheostat (ii) Plug key or switch (closed)
(c)
(ii) Following graph was plotted between V and I values:
Or
(i) Pure tungsten has a high resistivity and a high melting point (nearly 3000o C). When an
electric current is passed through the filament, the electric energy is converted to heat and
light energy due to the heating of the filament to a very high temperature. Due to the high
melting point of tungsten, the filament does not melt.
(ii) The resistivity of an alloy is generally higher than that of its constituent metals. Alloys do
not oxidize (burn) readily at higher temperatures. Therefore conductors of electric
heating devices such as toasters and electric irons are made of an alloy rather than pure
metal.
(iii) The series arrangement is not used for domestic circuit because:

(a) If connected in series total resistance will increase. Therefore current flowing through
the circuit will be low.
(b) If one appliance is switched off or gets damaged than all other appliances will also stop
working because their electricity supply will be cut-off.
(iv) The resistance of a wire is inversely proportional to its cross-sectional area. Thus, a thick
wire has less resistance and a thin wire has more resistance.
(v) Copper and aluminium wires are usually employed for electric energy transmission
because copper and aluminium have very low resistivities.
23. The production of electric current due to relative motion between a conductor and a magnetic
field is called electromagnetic induction. Electric current produced due to this phenomenon
is called induced current. This was discovered by Michael Faraday and Joseph Henry.
The direction of induced current can be reversed by reversing the direction of magnetic field. If
the coil as well as the magnet are stationary, no current is induced in the coil.
There are two ways to producing induced current in the coil:

Self Induction: When the current flowing through a coil changes, then the current is induced
in the coil itself. This phenomenon is called Self induction.
Mutual Induction: Another way to induce current in a coil is by the process of mutual
induction. A current carrying coil called primary coil is placed close to a secondary coil as
shown in figure.
When the current in primary coil is switched on, it takes a little time to rise from zero to a
maximum value. This causes a momentary change in the magnetic field around this coil and
hence induces a momentary current in the secondary coil. The same happens in reverse
direction when the current in primary coil is switched off.
Or

To avoid risk of electric shock, the metal body of appliances is earthed. Earthing means to
connect the metal case of the appliance to earth (i.e. zero potential) by mean of a metal wire
called earth wire (in green insulation cover).
One end of the metal wire is buried in the earth. The appliances is connected to the earth by
using he top pin of a 3-pin plug which connects to earth. Earthing saves us from electrical
shocks.
24. An electromagnet works on the principle of magnetic effect of current.

Aim: To construct an electromagnet.
Material required: Iron nail, copper wire, sand paper, cell, iron filings
Procedure:
(i) Take an iron nail and clean it with cloth.
(ii) Take insulated copper wire of length 1 m and shave
off both its end with the help of sand paper.
(iii) Wind the wire nearly on the iron nail to form a
cylindrical coil.
(iv) Connect the free ends of the wire to the terminals of
a cell.
(v) Bring iron filings near the nail and observe what happen.
Iron filings get attracted to the iron nail because iron nail behaves like a magnet when
current passes through it.
Uses: Electromagnets are used in electric bell, cranes etc.
Or
Aim: To draw magnetic lines of force around a current carrying (a) straight conductor, (b)
circular loop
Material required: A cell, switch, connecting wires, an insulated copper wire, iron filings, card
board.

Procedure:
(i) Hang the cardboard horizontally on a stand.
(ii) Pass the copper wire through the centre
of the cardboard.
(iii) Connect cell, switch and copper wire in
series through the connecting wires.
(iv) Switch the circuit on sprinkle iron filings
gently on the card board and tap it.
(v) The iron filings will arrange themselves in
the form of connecting rings around the
wire.
(vi) Now bend the wire into a loop and pass it through the cardboard as shown. Repeat step
(iv) again.
(vii) Observe the pattern of field lines.
The magnetic field around a current carrying conductor appears in the form of concentric
circles.
The magnetic field in the centre of a current carrying circular loop appears as straight
lines.
25. Option (c) is correct. Both CO2 and SO2 turns limewater milky.
CO2 + Ca(OH)2 CaCO3 + H2O
Carbon dioxide Limewater white ppt.
SO2 + Ca(OH)2
CaSO3 + H2O
Sulphur dioxide Limewater white ppt.
26. He should boil the leaf in Alcohol. Alcohol dissolved the chlorophyll and decolourise the leaf.
V 1.8 V 1.8 103 1800
27. R= = = = = 10
I 180 mA 180 180
28. (d)
29. (a)
30. (d)
31. (b)
32. (c)
33. (b)
34. (c)
35. (c)
36. (b)

CBSE Sample Paper-01 (Unsolved)
SCIENCE (Theory)
Class X

or in one sentence.
words each.
50 words each.
70 words each.
you.
Section A
1. Write the formula and names of the compounds formed between:

(a) Potassium and Iodine ion (b) Sodium and Sulphide ion
2. Name the term for transport of food from leaves to other parts of plants.
3. What is the S.I. unit of Electric potential?
4. (a) Give Arrhenius definition of an acid and a base.
(b) Choose strong acid and strong base from the following:
CH3COOH, NH4OH, KOH, HCl
5. Name the two hormones secreted by pancreas. Write one function of each hormone named.
6. What is meant by the term Magnetic field lines? List any two properties of magnetic field
lines.
7. Write the formulae and names of the compounds formed by:
(a) Na + and HCO3 (b) K + and CO32 (c) Cr 3+ and PO34
(d) Zn 2+ and SO 24 (e) Na + and SO 24 (f) NH +4 and CO32
8. What is the relationship between oxidation and oxidizing agent in a redox reaction? Write an
example of a redox reaction showing the relationship between oxidation and oxidizing agent.

9. Name the raw materials that are required for the manufacturing of washing soda by Solvay
process. Describe the chemical reactions involved in the process.
10. (a) Name the chief ore of Iron. Write its formula.
(b) How is an Iron ore concentrated? Describe it briefly.
11. Describe with labelled diagram, the Froth Floatation Process used to separate the gangue from
a Sulphite ore.
12. Om, Rohit and Kishore always remain in a hurry. One day, during lunch hour they all quickly
gulped food and went out to play. Om suddenly developed stomach ache while playing.
Read the given passage and answer the following questions:
(a) What according to you might have gone wrong with him?
(b) Give reason for happening wrong in scientific terms.
(c) Mention the associated value of the Om that he should follow in the passage.
13. Draw the diagram of a palisade cell of a plant leaf and label the following in it:
(a) Chloroplast (b) Vacuole (c) Cytoplasm (d) Nucleus
14. Describe the central nervous system in human being under the following heads:
(a) Regions included.
(b) Three functions of any one region.
15. (a) What is meant by Electric Resistance of a conductor?

(b) A wire of length L and resistance R is stretched so that its length is doubled and area of
cross-section is halved. How will its:
(i) resistance change (ii) resistivity change
16. How does the strength of the magnetic field at the centre of a circular coil of wire depend on:
(a) The radius of the coil.
(b) The number of turns of wire in the coil.
(c) The strength of current flowing in the coil.
17. (a) Why is the solar cooker box covered with a plane glass plate?
(b) Why is energy of water flowing in a river considered to be an indirect form of Solar energy?
235
(c) How is the fission of 92 U nucleus brought about?
18. (a) Describe the steps involved in obtaining biogas and explain what is meant by anaerobic
decomposition.
(b) Which isotope of uranium can undergo fission readily.

19. In the following schematic diagram for the preparation of hydrogen gas as shown in the figure,
what would happen if the following changes are made:
(a) In place of Zinc granules, same amount Zinc dust is taken in the test-tube.
(b) Instead of dilute sulphuric acid, dilute hydrochloric acid is taken.
(c) In place of Zinc, Copper turnings are taken.
(d) Sodium hydroxide is taken in place of dilute sulphuric acid and the tube is heated.
Or
(a) Given below are the steps for the extraction of copper from its ore. Write the reactions
involved.
(i) Roasting of copper sulphate.
(ii) Reduction of copper oxide with copper sulphide.
(iii) Electrolytic refining
(b) Draw a neat and well labelled diagram for electrolytic refining of copper.
20. How are metals low in activity series extracted from their ores? Explain with reference to
copper and mercury.
Or
State reasons for the following:

(a) Carbon cannot reduce the oxides of sodium and aluminium.
(b) Calcium does not occur free in nature.
(c) Zinc does not give hydrogen on reacting HNO3.
(d) Metals can be given different shapes according to our needs.
(e) Gold and Platinum are used in jwellery.
21. (a) Blood goes two times through heart during one cycle of passage through the body. Explain
the above statement.
(b) Give one example of regulation of hormone secretion by feedback mechanism in our body.
Or

(a) Draw a labelled diagram of human alimentary canal.
(b) The flow of food through the alimentary canal is well regulated in human beings. Explain
the above statement.
22. State Ohms law. Draw a graph between voltage and current for a metallic conductor. Draw a
circuit diagram of a circuit, which consists of battery, ammeter, voltmeter, resistor, rheostat
and a key.
Or
(a) A torch bulb is rated 2.5 V and 750 mA. Calculate:
(i) its power
(ii) its resistance
(iii) the energy consumed if in this bulb is lighted for 4h
(b) Two identical resistors each of resistance 2 are connected in torch.
(i) in series and
(ii) in parallel, to a battery of 12 V. Calculate the ratio of power consumed in two cases.
23. Draw circuit diagram for the following conditions:

(a) A simple circuit in which a straight copper wire is placed to and over a compass needle.
(b) Deflection of needle becomes opposite when direction of current is reversed.
(c) State reason for the above changes.
Or
With the help of a diagram, describe how one can generate induced current in a circuit?
24. Draw an appropriate schematic diagram showing common domestic circuit and discuss the
importance of fuse. Why is it that burnt out fuse should be replaced by another fuse of identical
rating?
Or
(a) The magnetic field in a given region is uniform. Draw a diagram to represent tit.
(b) How does a solenoid behave like a magnet? Can you determine the North and South poles
of a current carrying solenoid using a bar magnet? Explain.
(c) List the properties of magnetic lines of force.
Section B
25. When the blue litmus is added to dilute HCl, then what changes will be occur? Justify your
answer.
26. To observe stomata, which type of leaf/which part of leaf should be taken and why?

27. Using the adjoining circuit, current and potential difference are measured and plotted in a
graph.
(a) Which is the best suited graph?

(b) Give reason.
28. The taste of dilute NaOH is:

(a) Sour (b) Bitter (c) Sweet (d) Salty
29. The colour of Zn metal is:

(a) Grey (b) White (c) Brown (d) Yellow
30. When zinc metal is dipped in copper sulphate solution:

(a) The solution become colourless and reddish brown copper metal gets deposited.
(b) No reaction takes place.
(c) The solution becomes green and copper metal gets deposited.
(d) The solution remains blue and copper metal gets deposited.
31. Leaf is made up of:

(a) Palicade cells (b) Mesophyll cell
(c) Guard cell (d) Parenchyma cell
32. A plant where stomata is absent:

(a) Cactus (b) Lily (c) Hydrilla (d) All of these
33. The rate of flow of charge is called:

(a) Ampere (b) Current (c) Coulomb (d) Ohm
34. When physical conditions remain the same, the electric current flowing through a conductor
is directly proportional to the potential difference. This law is called:
(a) Ohms law (b) Amperes law (c) Coulombs law (d) Joules law

35. Which of the following correctly describes the magnetic field near a long straight wire:
(a) The field consists of straight lines perpendicular to the wire.
(b) The field consists of straight lines parrallel to the wire.
(c) The field consists of radial lines originating from the wire.
(d) The field consists of concentric circles centred on the wire.
36. Which of the following are exothermic processes:

(i) Reaction of water with quicklime.
(ii) Dilution of an acid.
(iii) Evaporation of water.
(iv) Sublimation of camphor (crystals).
(a) (i) & (ii) (b) (ii) & (iii) (c) (i) & (iv) (d) (iii) & (iv)

SCIENCE (Theory)
Class X

or in one sentence.
words each.
50 words each.
70 words each.
you.
Section A
1. Calcium Oxide reacts with water to form Calcium hydroxide. What type of chemical reaction is
it?
2. Name the type of blood vessels which carry blood from organs to the heart.
3. Should the heating element of an electric iron be made of iron, silver or nichrome wire?
4. How is Plaster of Paris is different from gypsum? How may they be interconverted? Write one
use of Plaster of Paris.
5. What is phytohormone? Name any two phytohormone.
6. Differentiate between short circuiting and overloading of electric circuits. How does a fuse
protect an electric circuit.
7. Perform an activity to show that burning of sulphur in air is a combination reaction.
8. What are the differences between Displacement and Double displacement reactions? Write
examples also.
9. One day Luckys mother after taking meal felt pain and irritation in her stomach. His father was
out of station. He was an intelligent boy, He remembered his teachers statement and gave her
mother some baking soda solution, which gave her a relief from pain and irritation of stomach.
(i) Which information given by the teacher help him to select the baking soda as remedy?

(ii) Why he selects baking soda as a cure?
(iii) State any two values that you have learned from this passage.
10. Write chemical equations for the following reactions takes place:
(i) A piece of calcium metal is placed in water.
(ii) Ammonia gas comes in contact with hydrogen chloride gas.
(iii) Sulphur is heated with concentrated H2SO4.
11. (a) How are metalloids different from metal? Name a metalloid.
(b) Differentiate between the roasting and calcinations processes used in metallurgy. Give an
example of each.
12. State the role of following in the human respiratory system:

(a) Nasal cavity (b) Diaphragm (c) Alveoli
13. How does the blood circulate between lungs and heart in human beings? Give two functions of
lymph in human body.
14. Define nerve impulse. Which structure in a neuron helps to conduct a nerve impulse:
(i) towards the cell body.
(ii) away from the cell body
15. A torch bulb is rated 2.5 V and 7560 mA. Calculate:

(i) its power
(ii) its resistance
(iii) the energy consumed if this bulb is lighted for 4 hours.
16. What is the relation for force experienced by a current carrying straight conductor placed in a
magnetic field? Under what condition is this force maximum?
17. Can any source of energy be pollution free? Why or why not?
18. What are the limitations of extracting energy from (i) wind, (ii) waves and (iii) tides?
19. Write the balanced chemical equations for the following and identify the type of reaction in
each case:
(a) Potassium bromide ( aq ) + Barium iodide ( aq )

Potassium iodide ( aq ) + Barium bromide ( s )
(b) Zinc carbonate ( s )
Zinc oxide ( s ) + Carbon dioxide ( g )
(c) Hydrogen ( g ) + Chlorine ( g )
Hydrogen chloride ( g )

(d) Magnesium ( s ) + Hydrochloric acid ( aq )
Magnesium chloride ( aq ) + Hydrogen ( g )
(e) Iron (III) oxide ( s ) + Carbon monoxide ( g )
Iron ( s ) + Carbon dioxide ( g )
Or
(a) A student heats 2 g of FeSO4 in dry boiling tube and observes reddish brown solid is left
behind and a smell of burning sulphur is observed. Identify the type of reaction. Write a
chemical equation to represent the above change.
(b) Why is FeCl2 formed instead of FeCl3 when iron reacts with dil. HCl?
20. (a) What is meant by refining of metals? In electrolytic refining of metal, name cathode, anode
and electrolyte used.
(b) Give four differences between properties of metals and non-metals.
(c) Give two differences between ionic compounds and covalent compounds.
Or
(a) What are salts? Give one example.
(b) Which of the following is strong acid, pH = 1 or pH = 6?
(c) Why should we add conc. H2SO4 to water and not water to conc. H2SO4 to get dil. H2SO4 ??
(d) Give one advantage of soap over detergent.
(e) Why should we not store sour things in copper vessels?
21. (i) State two structural differences between an artery and a vein.
(ii) Name a non-nucleated cell present in human blood and state one function of this cell.
(iii) Draw a labelled diagram of human heart.
Or
Name the main organs of the human digestive system in the order they participate in the
process of digestion. Describe how digestion of carbohydrates and proteins take place in our
body.
22. (a) List three sources of magnetic fields.

(b) State the rule to determine the direction of a:
(i) magnetic field produced around a straight conductor carrying current.
(ii) force experienced by a current carrying straight conductor placed in a magnetic field
which is perpendicular to it.
(iii) current induced in coil due to its rotation in a magnetic field.
Or
(a) Name some devices in which electric motor is used.
(b) A coil of insulated copper wire is connected to a galvanometer. What will happen if a bar
magnet is:
(i) pushed into the coil.
(ii) withdrawn from inside the coil.
(iii) held stationary inside the coil?

23. (a) Two identical resistors each of resistance 10 are connected in (i) series, (ii) parallel to a
6 V battery.
Calculate the ratio of power consumed in the combination of resistors in two cases.
(b) Draw the circuit diagram of the two-cases.
Or
Given that R1 = 10 , R2 = 40 , R3 = 30 , R4 = 20 and RA is the parallel combination of R1
and R2 whereas R3 is the parallel combination of R3 and R4. Combination RA is connected to the
positive terminal of 12 V battery while combination RB is connected to the negative terminal.
Ammeter A is connected between the resistor RA and RB.
(a) Find RA and RB. Also calculate total resistance in the circuit.
(b) Draw the circuit diagram showing above combinations connected to battery and ammeter.
24. (a) What is electromagnetic induction?

(b) Describe the various methods of producing induced current.
(c) State the rule which gives the direction of induced current.
Or
(a) Name the scientist who discovered that a moving magnet can be used to number of turns
are wound over a cardboard cylinder. Coil 1 is connected to battery and a plug key. Coil 2 is
connected to a galvanometer. How will the galvanometer reading change when:
(i) Key is plugged in and
(ii) Key is taken out.
Give reason for your answer.
(b) Name and state the rule used for determination of direction of induced current due to a
changing magnetic field and give one practical application of this phenomenon in everyday
life.
SECTION B
25. (a) A gas is neither combustible nor supporter of combustion, turn moist blue litmus paper
red, used in cold drinks. Identify this gas.
(b) Justify your answer also.
26. (i) To set up the experiment to show that light is necessary for photosynthesis, experimental
leaves should be taken for use from:
(a) Any flowering plant (b) Newly emerged sapling
(c) Destarched potted plant (d) Healthy plant growing on the plant
(ii) Give reason.
27. The current flowing through a conductor and the potential difference across its two ends are
as per readings of the ammeter and the voltmeter shown in the figure. Calculate the resistance
of the conductor

28. Given below are certain chemical properties of substances:
I. It turns blue litmus red.
II. It turns red litmus blue.
III. It reacts with zinc and a gas evolves.
IV. It reacts with solid sodium carbonate to give brisk effervescence.
Which out of these properties are shown by dilute hydrochloric acid:
(a) I and II only (b) I and III only (c) I, III and IV only (d) II, III and IV only
29. To prepare and collect SO2 gas in the school laboratory, the correct set up is represented in the
figure:
30. Four gas jar filled with sulphur dioxide gas were inverted into troughts of water by four
students and the following observations and inference were reported:
I. Water did not enter the gas jar and sulphur dioxide is insoluble in water.

II. A small amount of water entered the gas jar slowly and sulphur dioxide is sparingly
soluble in water.
III. Water rushed into the gas jar and sulphur dioxide is highly in water.
IV. Water did not enter the gas jar and sulphur dioxide is soluble in water.
The correct set of observations and inference drawn is reported in:

31. In the experiment shown in the figure, water is found to rise in the bent tube:
The reason is that:

(a) seeds use up oxygen in the flask.
(b) carbon dioxide is given out by the germinating seeds.
(c) germinating seeds attract water from the beaker.
(d) seeds use oxygen and release carbon dioxide which is absorbed by potassium hydroxide.
32. The respiratory rhythm centre is present in the:

(a) medulla oblongata (b) cerebellum
(c) cerebrum (d) None of these
33. To study the dependence of current (I) on the potential difference (V) across a resistor, two
students used the two set ups shown in figure (A) and (B) respectively. They kept the contact J
in four different positions, marked (i), (ii), (iii), (iv) in the two figures.

For the two students, the value of emf used by student (A) and the resistance due to the
rheostat used by the student (B), will each be minimum when the contact J is in the position:
(a) (iv) in both the set ups.
(b) (i) in both the set ups.
(c) (iv) in set up (A) and (i) in set up (B)
(d) (i) in set up (A) and (iv) in set up (B)
34. An ammeter has 20 divisions between mark 0 and mark 2 on its scale. The least count of the
ammeter is:
(a) 0.02 A (b) 0.01 A (c) 0.2 A (d) 0.1 A
35. Which one of the following forms of energy leads to least environmental pollution in the
process of its harnessing and utilization:
(a) Nuclear energy (b) Thermal energy (c) Solar energy (d) Geothermal energy
36. Commercial electric motors do not use:

(a) an electromagnet to rotate the armature.
(b) effectively large number of turns of conducting wire in the current carrying coil.
(c) a permanent magnet to rotate the armature.
(d) a soft iron core on which the coil is wound.

SCIENCE (Theory)
Class X

or in one sentence.
words each.
50 words each.
70 words each.
you.
Section A
1. What happen when Ferrous Sulphate is heated strongly? Give the chemical reaction for the
change.
2. Name the organelle in which photosynthesis occurs.
3. Define the term resistivity of a material.
4. What are alkalies? Give one example of alkalies.
5. Mention the receptors for light and sound in animals.
6. Define S.I. unit of magnetic field. Under what condition does a moving charge experience:
(i) maximum force (ii) minimum force
7. Perform an activity to show decomposition reaction of calcium carbonate.
8. Write the differences between Combination and Decomposition reactions. Write an equation of
each type also.
9. (a) What is meant by pH of a solution?

(b) State one difference between a strong electrolyte and a weak electrolyte. Give one example
of each.

10. Shashi bought new silver anklets. After a month she found that the anklets turn black. She has
doubt that it is not of pure silver but her neighbor Rakhi advised her that it is of pure silver and
wash it with tamarind or lemon juice to get the luster back. She followed the advice and get the
luster of her anklet back.
(a) Do you think that the anklets are not of pure silver?
(b) Why these turn black after sometime?
(c) Why the anklets become lustrous on washing with tamarind or lemon juice?
(d) What values are exhibited by Rakhi?
11. Give reasons:

(a) Silicon is counted among metalloids.
(b) Carbon is not used for making aluminium from aluminium oxide.
(c) For making hydrogen by reaction with hydrochloric acid, granulated zinc is preferred to a
block of zinc.
12. List three points of distinction between aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
13. Give three points of difference between respiration in plants and respiration in animals.
14. What is the difference between sensory and motor neuron? Which parts of human brain are
responsible for auditory reception and sensation of smell?
15. Two electric lamps of 100 W and 25 W respectively are connected in parallel to a supply
voltage of 200 V. Calculate the total current flowing through the circuit..
16. (a) What is overloading? Why does a fuse wire melt on overloading?
(b) Why does short-circuit lead to the fuse wire burning?
17. Compare and contrast Biomass and Hydroelectricity as source of energy.
18. What are the qualities of an ideal source of energy?
19. Complete and balance the following reactions:
(i) Cu + AgNO3
(ii) Na + H2O
(iii) CaCO3 + HCl
(iv) H2O electrolysis

(v) N2 + H2
Or
(a) What is meant by photodecomposition reaction? Give one example.

(b) A solution of substance X is used for testing carbon dioxide. Identify X. What will be the
reaction with carbon dioxide? Write balanced equation for the reaction.
(c) What happen when copper metal is added to silver nitrate solution? Give balanced
equation for the chemical reaction taking place? Predict which is more reactive, copper or
zinc?
(d) Give an example of decomposition reaction carried out with the help of electricity.

20. (a) What happens when:
(i) Magnesium wire is burnt in presence of oxygen?
(ii) Silver nitrate solution is added to potassium iodide solution?
(iii) Carbon dioxide gas is passed through lime water?
(b) What are indicators? Give one example of natural indicator and one example of synthetic
indicator.
Or
(a) Name the main ore of Aluminium. Write its formula. Describe the chemical separation
method of enrichment of this ore. Stating the chemical equations of the reactions involved.
(b) What is alloy? How is it different from an amalgam? Write two constituents of brass.
21. Describe the internal structure of heart of man with the help of a well-labelled diagram.
Or
(i) Draw a labelled diagram of the respiratory system of human beings with diaphragm a the
end of expiration.
(ii) List four conditions required for efficient gas exchange in an organism.
22. (a) A current carrying aluminium rod AB is placed in a magnetic field. The direction of
magnetic field is vertically upward. How do we think the displacement of rod AB will be
affected if:
(i) the current in the rod AB is increased.
(ii) a stronger horseshoe magnet is used.
(iii) length of the rod AB is increased?
(b) How does a solenoid behave like a magnet? Can you determine the north and south poles of
a current carrying solenoid with the help of bar magnet?
Or
(a) List the properties of magnetic lines of force.

(b) A current through a horizontal power line flows in east to west direction. What is the
direction of magnetic field at a point directly below it and at a point directly above it?
23. Figure shows part of a low-voltage lighting circuit containing five identical lamps.

(a) Complete the circuit by the addition of components as necessary, so that:
(i) the total current from the supply can be measured.
(ii) the brightness of lamp E only can be varied.
(iii) lamps C and D may be switched on and off together while lamps A, B and E remain on.
(b) All five lamps are marked 12 V, 36 W. Assume that the resistance of each lamp is the same
fixed value regardless of how it is connected in the circuit. Calculate:
(i) the current in one lamp when operating at normal brightness.
(ii) the resistance of one lamp when operating at normal brightness.
(iii) the combined resistance of two lamps connected in parallel with the 12 V supply.
(iv) the energy used by one lamp in 30 s when operating at normal brightness.
(c) The whole circuit is switch on. Explain why the brightness of lamps A and B is much less
than that of one lamp operating at normal brightness.
Or
24. (a) With the help of an activity, explain the method of inducing electric current in a coil with a
moving magnet. State the rule used to find the direction of electric current thus generated
in the coil.
(b) Two circular coils P and Q are kept close to each other, of which coil P carries a current.
What will you observe in Q:
(i) if current in the coil P is changed.
(ii) if both the coils are moved in the same direction with the same speed? Give reason.
Or
(a) Calculate the resistance of the wire using the graph.
(b) How many 176 resistors in parallel are required to carry 5 A on a 220 V line?
(c) Define electric power. Derive relation between power, potential difference and resistance.
Section B
25. (a) When Al metal reacts with dil. HCl, the gas evolved is neutral towards litmus, burns

explosively. Identify the gas.
(b) Write the chemical reaction involved.
26. In an experiment to test for the presence of starch in a leaf, the leaf is boiled in alcohol for a
few minutes using a water bath. Why is this an essential step in the experiment? Give reason
also.
27. To the terminals marked as X and Y in the given circuit, three students connect 4 cells of
voltage 1.5 V each in three difference manners shown below:
Calculate the readings of the each voltmeter, for the three students.
28. The following pair of substances are available in the laboratory:

I. Zinc and dilute hydrochloric acid.
II. Zinc and dilute sodium hydroxide solution.
III. Sodium bicarbonate and dilute hydrochloric acid.
Which of these can be used to produce a colourless gas which gives a pop sound on burning:
(a) I only (b) II only (c) I and II (d) I and III
29. Which two equipments would you choose to prepare and collect Sulphur oxide gas in the
laboratory:

(a) I and IV (b) I and III (c) II and IV (d) II and III
30. Two different set ups for collection of sulphur dioxide gas in the laboratory were shown and
the students A, B, C and D were asked to choose the correct set up and justify their selection.
They reported the following:
A. II is correct as sulphur dioxide is heavier than air.
B. I is correct as sulphur dioxide is lighter than air.
C. II is correct as sulphur dioxide is lighter than air.
D. I is correct as sulphur dioxide heavier than air.
The correct choice and its justification is reported by student:

(a) A (b) B (c) C (d) D
31. Using the same number of given germinating gram seeds, two students A and B set up the
experiment separately. Student A is used a cotton plug to hold the bent tube in the mouth of
the flask. Student B used a rubber cork.
After 4 hours they noticed that:

(a) water level increased in the bent tube only of A.
(b) water level increased in the bent tube only at B.
(c) the cotton plug was wet.
(d) the water in the beaker of B turned milky.
32. How many laminae are present in the grey matter in spinal cord:
(a) Ten (b) Six (c) Eight (d) Seven
33. In a voltmeter there are 20 divisions between the o mark and 0.5 V mark. The least count of the
voltmeter is:
(a) 0.020 V (b) 0.025 V (c) 0.050 V (d) 0.250 V
34. The resistors in parallel in the following circuit are:
(a) R1 and R3 (b) R1 and R2 (c) R2 and R3 (d) (R1 + R2) with R3
35. Ocean thermal energy is due to:
(a) energy stored by waves in the ocean.
(b) temperature difference at different levels in the ocean.
(c) pressure difference at different levels in the ocean.
(d) tides arising out in the ocean.
36. A uniform magnetic field exists in the plane of paper pointing from left ot right as shown in
figure. In the field an electron and a proton move as shown. The electron and the proton
experience:
(a) forces both pointing into the plane of paper.

(b) forces both pointing out of the plane of paper.
(c) forces pointing into the plane of paper and out of the plane of paper, respectively.
(d) force pointing opposite and along the direction of the uniform magnetic field respectively.

SCIENCE (Theory)
Class X

or in one sentence.
words each.
50 words each.
70 words each.
you.
Section A
1. What happen when Copper metal is dipped in Silver Nitrate solution? Give the balanced
chemical equation for the change.
2. Name the mode of nutrition in Amoeba.
3. A wire of uniform area of cross-section is stretched to four times its original length. By what
factor does its resistivity change?
4. Sulphuric acid is a dibasic acid. Write two reaction equations to justify this statement and
name the reaction products in the two cases.
5. How does control and coordination take place in plants?
6. State Faradays law of electromagnetic induction. Express it mathematically.
7. Perform an activity to show that reaction between barium hydroxide and ammonium chloride
is an exothermic or endothermic reaction.
8. What is redox reaction? Give two examples from everyday life situations where redox
reactions are taking place.
9. How did Arrhenius define acids and bases? Choose a strong acid and a weak base from the
following substances:
CH3COOH, NH4OH, HCl, KOH

10. Give chemical equations to show the reactions taking place when:
(a) Zinc carbonate is calcined.
(b) Carbon di-oxide gas is bubbled into limewater for a long time.
11. (a) Explain what corrosion of iron means.
(b) Why is that aluminium which is more reactive than iron does not corrode like iron?
(c) How is corrosion of iron prevented by coating it with a layer of oil?
12. How do each of the following factors affect the productivity in the process of photosynthesis.
(a) Temperature (b) Water (c) Carbon dioxide
13. What happens to Glucose, which enters the nephron along with filtrate during excretion in
human being? State two vital functions of kidney.
14. Sohan went to his town, Agra, 200 km away from Delhi with his father in a car. On the way
there was lot of traffic jam. Sohan, after reaching his town, felt nauseated and had a headache
because he had inhaled lots of toxic polluted gases.
(a) Which system/part of his body has been affected?
(b) What steps could be taken to reduce air pollution?
(c) What values are exhibited by people?
15. Two identical resistors, each of resistance of 2 ohm, are connected in turns
(i) in series and
(ii) in parallel to a battery of 12 volts.
Calculate the ratio of power consumed in two cases.
16. What is a commutator? How does it bring direct current? Show the output potential of an AC
and DC generator.
17. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using a Solar cooker? Are there places where
solar cookers would have limited utility?
18. If energy in the universe is constant, why is the world yelling out for energy crisis? What does
judicious use of energy imply?
19. Compound A when dissolved in water gives compound B and liberates heat. Compound A is
used in whitewashing. Compound B reacts with CO2 to form a white precipitate of compound C.
Identify compounds A, B and C. Also write the equations involved.
Or
(a) In the electrolysis of water,

(i) Name the gas collected at the cathode and anode.
(ii) Why is the volume of gas collected at one electrode double the other?
(iii) Why is a few drops of dil. H2SO4 added to the water?
(b) What change will you observe if white silver chloride is placed in sunlight? Write an
equation for the reaction and the type of the reaction.

20. A metal X is found in form of filings which burn vigorously when sprinkled on flame. When
these filings are heated with sulphur, a black coloured compound Y is formed which is not
attracted by magnet. X reacts with dil. HCl to liberate hydrogen gas. X reacts with steam to
form Z along with hydrogen gas. Identify X, Y and Z and write the chemical reactions involved.
Or
A reddish brown metal X on heating forms a black coating of oxide Y on its surface. The metal
does not react with dil. HCl and dil. H2SO4. It reacts with hot conc. H2SO4 to give a pungent
smelling gas similar to that produced by burning matchstick. The metal oxide reacts with dil.
H2SO4 to form a blue solution Z. Identify X, Y, Z and write chemical reactions involved. The
metal reacts with dil. HNO3 to liberate colourless and odourless gas A and write conc. HNO3 it
liberates a brown gas B. Identify A and B also.
21. How does the major nutrient in chapattis eaten by you in your food get digested and finally
absorbed by the alimentary canal?
Or
How does the butter in your food get digested and absorbed in the body? Explain in detail.
22. (a) Draw a neat labelled diagram of an AC generator.

(b) Write the use of (i) Slip rings, (ii) Brushes and (iii) Armature in an AC generator.
Or
(a) What is an electromagnetic induction? Write the rule that is used to find the direction of
induced current.
(b) Explain how the movement of a magnet towards or away from a coil carrying a
galvanometer produces current.
23. What are magnetic field lines? How is the direction of a magnetic field at a point determined?
Draw the magnetic field lines (including field directions) of the magnetic field due to a circular
coil of current. Name any two factors on which the magnitude of the magnetic field due to this
coil depends.
Or
Find the equivalent resistance across the two ends A and B of the circuit given below:

24. (a) What is a solenoid?
(b) Draw the pattern of magnetic field produced around a current carrying solenoid. Compare
this field to that of a bar magnet.
(c) What happens to the magnetic field when the current through the solenoid is reversed?
Or
(a) Draw the patterns of magnetic field lines through and around a current carrying solenoid.
What does the magnetic field pattern inside the solenoid indicate?
(b) How can this principle be utilized to make an electromagnet?
(c) State two ways by which strength of this electromagnet can be increased?
Section B
25. A student added dilute HCl to a test tube containing Zinc granules and made following
observations.
I. The Zinc surface became dull and black.
II. A gas evolved which burnt with a pop sound.
III. The solution remained colourless.
(a) Which is the correct observation?
26. What are the characteristics of respiration in plants?
27. The current flowing through the resistor and the potential difference developed across its ends
are shown in the figure. Calculate the value of resistance?

28. Which one of the following set ups is the most appropriate for the evolution of hydrogen gas
and its identification:
29. The colour of FeSO4 solution is:

(a) Pale green (b) Yellow (c) colourless (d) Blue
30. What happens when copper is added to zinc sulphate solution:

(a) No reaction takes place as copper is less reactive than zinc.
(b) The solution becomes colourless and Zn metal gets deposited.
(c) The solution remains blue and Zn metal gets deposited.
(d) No reaction takes place because copper is more reactive than Zn.
31. Hormone is a/an:
(a) Chemical messenger (b) Glandular secretion
(c) Enzyme (d) Excretory product
32. Relaxin is secreted by:
(a) corpus luteum (b) ovary (c) pituitary (d) pineal
33. When two resistors 2 and 1 are connected in parallel, the equivalent resistance will be:
(a) >2 (b) < 2 (c) < 1 (d) = 1
34. The ammeter showing the maximum current is:
(a) A1 (b) A2 (c) A3 (c) A4

35. The major problem in harnessing nuclear energy is how to:
(a) split nuclei.
(b) sustain the reaction.
(c) dispose off spent fuel safely.
(d) convert nuclear energy into electrical energy.
36. In the arrangement shown in figure there are two coils wound on a non-conducting cylindrical
rod. Initially the key is not inserted. If the key is inserted and later removed, then:
(a) the deflection in the galvanometer remains zero throughout.

(b) there is a momentary deflection in the galvanometer but it dies out shortly and there is no
effect when the key is removed.
(c) there are momentary galvanometer deflections that die out shortly the deflections are in
the same direction.
(d) there are momentary galvanometer deflections that die out shortly the deflections are in
opposite directions.

SCIENCE (Theory)
Class X

or in one sentence.
words each.
50 words each.
70 words each.
you.
Section A
1. Write the chemical formula for the following:

(a) Calcium Fluoride (b) Iron (II) Bromide
2. Name to kinds of cells (elements) of xylem.
3. Two wires, one of manganin and the other of copper have equal lengths and resistances. Which
one of these wires will be thicker?
4. What does slaking of lime stand for? Why is there a hissing sound during this process? Write
the chemical equation for the reaction involved.
5. What is autonomic nervous system?
6. What is the function of earth wire? Why is it necessary to earth the metallic appliance?
7. Give the characteristics tests for the following gases:

(a) CO2 (b) O2 (c) H2
8. Seema bought a chips packet and open it. Suddenly her friend Shanu came. She started playing
and forgot to eat the chips. On the next day, when she ate the chips, she felt the taste was not
good and she was not feeling well. She told her mother to take her to a doctor. The doctor told
them this is because of eating rancid chips. He gave medicines by which Seema became well
within a few days.

(i) Why do chips remain fresh for a longer time in a sealed packet?
(ii) Why did chips of an open packet become rancid?
(iii) What value do you learn from this passage?
9. A compound X of sodium forms a white powder. It is a constituent of baking powder and is
used in some antacid prescriptions. When heated, X gives out a gas and steam. The gas forms a
white precipitate with limewater. Write the chemical formula and name of X and the chemical
equation for its decomposition on heating. What is its role in baking powder and in antacids.
10. Name with examples three common compounds in which metal occur in nature. Write
chemical equation for the metal reacting with a dilute acid to produce hydrogen gas.
11. Explain how the following metals are obtained from their compounds by the reduction
process:
(a) Metal X which is low in reactivity series.
(b) Metal Y which is middle of the reactivity series.
(c) Metal Z which is high up in the reactivity series.
12. Draw a diagram to show internal structure of human heart. Label six parts in all including at
least three valves.
13. Draw a label diagram of the labelled structure of a nephron.
14. Give the full form of GH. Name the gland that secretes it. Mention its any two functions. Name
the hormone that inhibits the secretion of GH. Name the disorder that is caused due to the
failure of Insulin secretion.
15. (a) Two conductors A and B of resistances 5 ohm and 10 ohm respectively can be arranged in
parallel and later on in series. In each arrangement, the total voltage applied across it is 20
volts. In which arrangement will the voltage across A and B be the same and in which case
will the current flowing through A and B be the same?
(b) Calculate the total resistance for each arrangement.
16. (a) Why does a rectangular coil carrying current rotate in a magnetic field?
(b) Does a current carrying conductor experience a force when placed in a magnetic field? Give
two application of this.
17. Write different ways of harnessing energy from ocean.
18. What is a nuclear waste? What are the hazards of nuclear waste to living things? How is it
disposed off?
19. Consider the chemical equation given below and answer the questions that follow:
CuO + H2 Heat
Cu + H2O
(a) Name the substance which is getting oxidized.
(b) Name the substance which is getting reduced.
(c) Name the oxidizing agent.
(d) Name the reducing agent.
(e) What type of a reaction does this equation represent?

Or
(a) What do you mean by precipitation reactions? Explain with examples.

(b) Grapes hanging on the plant do not ferment but after being plucked from the plant can be
fermented. Under what conditions do these grapes ferment? It is a chemical or a physical
change?
20. (i) Given below are the steps for the extraction of copper from its ore. Write the reaction
involved.
(a) Roasting of Copper (I) sulphide
(b) Reduction of Copper (I) oxide with copper (I) sulphide
(c) Electrolytic refinfing
(ii) Draw a neat and well labelled diagram for electrolytic refining of copper.
Or
A metal lies in the middle of activity series. It occurs both as sulphides and carbonate.
(a) Identify the metal.
(b) How can one extract this metal from its ore?
21. Briefly describe the mechanism of urine formation.
Or
(i) State differences between artery, vein and capillary.

(ii) Write a note on lymphatic system in human beings stating two major functions of lymph.
22. (a) How can we magnetize a material? Give the character of magnetic materials used.
(b) Does a current carrying conductor experience a force when placed in a magnetic field? Give
two applications of this.
(c) Why does a rectangular coil carrying current rotate in a magnetic field?
Or
(a) Explain how Oersted explained the formation of magnetic field in its surround?
(b) What are magnetic poles? How can you identify them?
(c) How can we demonstrate the formation of magnetic field surrounding a magnet?
23. (a) Define kilowatt hour (kWh). Which quantity is measured in kWh?
(b) Figure shows a battery of 12 V supplying power to two lams.
The total power supplied is 150 W when both lamps are on.

(i) Calculate the current supplied by the battery when both lamps are on.
(ii) The current in lamp L2 is 5.0 A.
Calculate the current in lamp L1, the power of lamp L1, the resistance of lamp L1.
Or
(a) Draw a schematic diagram showing common domestic circuit.

(b) State the function of an earth wire. Why is it necessary to earth metallic appliances such as
an electric iron?
24. Figure shows a circuit containing a battery, three resistors and an ammeter.
(a) (i) Write down the equation for the effective resistance RP of two resistors of resistances
R1 and R2 connected in parallel.
(ii) Use this equation to calculate the effective resistance of the two resistors in parallel in
figure.
(b) A voltmeter is to be used to measure the potential difference across the resistors in
parallel.
(i) On figure draw the voltmeter in position in the circuit, using the correct circuit symbol.
(ii) The ammeter reads 1.6 A. Calculate the reading on the voltmeter.
(c) State what happens to the ammeter reading if the 1 resistor is replaced by a 3 resistor.
Or
Two resistors with resistance of 10 and 15 are connected to a battery of 12 V so as to

obtain and measure (i) minimum electric current (ii) maximum electric current.
(a) State the mode of connecting the resistors in each case with the help of a circuit diagram.
(b) Calculate the strength of total electric current in the circuit in each case.

Section B
25. A student added dilute NaOH to a test tube containing Zinc granules and heated the contents.
(a) What changes will be observed?
26. After performing the experiment to show that germinating seeds give out carbon dioxide
during respiration, students drew the following diagrams.
(a) Which is the correct diagram?

27. To study the dependence of current (I) on the potential difference (V) across a resistor R, two
students used the two set ups shown in the figure A and B respectively. They kept the contact
point J in four different positions, marked (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) in the two figures.
(a) What will be the position of contact J, when for the two students, the readings of ammeter
and voltmeter will be maximum?
28. Four set ups given below were arranged to identify the gas evolved when dilute Hydrochloric
acid was added to Zinc granules. The most appropriate set up is:

29. Some crystals of copper sulphate were dissolved in water. The colour of solution obtained
would be:
(a) green (b) red (c) blue (d) brown
30. When an aluminium strip is kept immersed in freshly prepared ferrous sulphate solution taken
in a test tube, the change which is observed is:
(a) The green solution slowly turns brown.
(b) The lower end of the test tube becomes slightly warm.
(c) A colourless gas with smell of burning sulphur is observed.
(d) Light green solution changes to blue.
31. Synapse is bringing together of:
(a) two veins (b) two venules (c) two neurons (d) two arteries
32. Depression in retina, which has cones only, is:

(a) fenestra ovails (b) blind spot (c) fenestra rotunda (d) fovea centrails
33. The ammeter showing equal current in the following circuit are:
(a) A1 and A2 (b) A3 and A4

(c) Both (a) and (b) (d) Neither (a) nor (b)
34. The equivalent resistance is the least in which of three cases:
(a) C (b) B (c) A (d) A and C
35. The power generated in a wind mill::

(a) is more in rainy season since damp air would mean more air mass hitting the blades.
(b) depends on the height of the tower.
(c) depends on wind velocity.
(d) can be increased by planting tall trees close to the tower.

36. A constant current flows in a horizontal wire in the plane of the paper from east to west as
shown in figure. The direction of magnetic field at a point will be north to south:
(a) directly above the wire.

(b) directly below the wire.
(c) at a point located in the place of the paper, on the north side of the wire.
(d) At a point located in the plane of the paper on the south side of the wire.


CBSE Sample Paper-01 (solved) Class X Science Theory

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CBSE Sample Paper-01 (solved)

Time allowed: 3 hours Maximum Marks: 90

a) All questions are compulsory.

1. What happens when a chemical reaction occurs?

5. Name the hormone responsible for regulation of:

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9. (a) Write the formula and chemical name of Bleaching powder.

13. Write the functions of the following in the digestive process:

14. What are hormones? Write any two functions of hormones.

15. (a) State Ohms law.

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20. Give reasons for the following:

21. (a) Draw a diagram of human alimentary canal.

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(a) State Ohms law.

23. (a) What is meant by a magnetic field?

(a) What is an electromagnet?

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25. In test tube A

28. The pH of soft drink is _______ and they are _______.

31. Sunlight used for photosynthesis is:

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33. Ammeter is always connected in:

34. For current flow one need a:

36. Which of the following is a non-renewable source of energy:

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1. When a chemical reaction occurs, new products are obtained.

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9. (a) CaOCl2, Calcium oxychloride

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13. The functions of the following in the digestive process are:

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18. (a) Conversion efficiency is less.

Q refers to the energy of 200 MeV released.

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20. (a) It is due to presence of free electrons.

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Time allowed: 3 hours Maximum Marks: 90

a) All questions are compulsory.

1. What happens when a chemical reaction occurs?

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13. Give reasons for the following:

17. (a) Name the four gases commonly present in biogas.

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1. When a chemical reaction occurs, new products are obtained.

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Difference between Respiration in plants and Respiration in animals:

Gaseous exchange through root hair in plants:

22. (i) According to Joules law of heating, the heat H

28. The pH of soft drink is _ and they are _.