UNIVERSIDAD PRIVADA SAN JUAN BAUTISTA

FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS DE LA SALUD

ESCUELA PROFESIONAL DE MEDICINA HUMANA

PROYECCION SOCIAL
LIVER CANCER
CURSO: INGLES

DOCENTE: ANYOSA ORE MASSIEL WENDY

ALUMNOS: ALEGRIA CANALES ELIZABETH CLAUDIA

ALVAREZ GAMEROS VYKTOR HENLEY
ASTOCAZA RATEGUI PEDRO CRISTIAN
BENAVIDES OLIVA LEONELA MIA
CESPEDES ROMAN PAMELA DEL CARMEN
ESPINOZA VELA DIANA LUCIA
NEYRA AGUADO YESSICA MARIA
QUINTEROS NAVARRO PAOLA ZARELA

CICLO: V

SEMESTRE: 2017- I

ICA PER
2017

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 DEFINITION

Liver cancer is a disease in which malignant cells or cancers are formed in the
tissues of the liver. Liver cancer may originate in cancer (primary liver cancer) or
begin elsewhere and subsequently spread to this organ (metastatic liver cancer).

The most common type is hepatocellular carcinoma, which accounts for 90% of
all liver cancers; It begins in the hepatocytes, the most important cells of the liver.

ETHIOPATHOGENY

The causes of liver cancer are not yet clear. The risk factor for liver cancer
(hepatocarcinoma) is permanent cell damage from the hepatitis virus. Especially
an infection with the hepatitis B virus can cause liver cancer. The risk is even
greater the longer the infection. Whoever has been infected with hepatitis B at
birth has a higher risk of liver cancer for the duration of infection than someone
who became infected later. Hepatitis C infection is also a risk factor.

Genes originate when the DNA of a cell is damaged. DNA is the genetic material
inside the cells. In addition to accumulating information about the physical aspect,
genes have instructions on how they work, when cells grow, divide, and die.
Oncogenes are the genes that control their growth and division, and tumor
suppressor genes, which slow down cell division or cause cells to die in a timely
fashion. The cancer may be caused by changes in the DNA that activate on the
oncogenes or inactivate the tumor suppressor genes.

In the western industrialized countries, primary liver cancer (malignant tumors

that form from the liver's own cells) develops mainly in people who suffer from
liver cirrhosis. It can occur as a result of hepatitis or prolonged alcohol abuse.
Most patients are over 40 years old.

In areas where liver cancer is most common (Southeast Asia and Africa), it occurs much
more often without the need for previous liver cirrhosis. In these regions, patients
generally become sick at an earlier age (before age 40).

In addition to these causes of liver cancer, there are other factors that increase the risk
of developing primary liver cancer (eg, hepatocellular carcinoma):

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 Poisoning with aflatoxin (poison of the fungus aspergillus flavus, present in
cereals, peanuts and other foods in humid climates)

Intake of certain sex hormones (eg anabolic)

Deficiency of the enzyme alpha-1-antitrypsin

Professional load with chemical substances such as solvents or phytosanitary

The desnutrition

Vinyl chloride powder

If several factors occur simultaneously, the risk of liver cancer increases markedly.

DIAGNOSIS

If you have some of the signs and symptoms of liver cancer, your doctor will try
to determine if they are due to liver cancer or some other cause.

It must be done:

Medical history and physical examination

Imaging studies
Ultrasound
Computed Tomography
Magnetic resonance imaging
Angiography
Biopsy
Lab tests

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 TREATMENT

Once hepatic cancer has been detected and its stage determined, the doctor will
discuss different treatment options. Liver cancer treatments depend on the type
and stage of cancer.

CONVENTIONAL TREATMENT

SURGERY
Partial hepatectomy
Liver Transplantation
CHEMOTHERAPY
RADIOTHERAPY

ADVANCED TREATMENT

MELATONIN
RADIOEMBOLIZATION
NIVOLUMAB

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 ANEXO

Fig.1. Visualizacin del Fig.2. Parte superior el hgado

hgado canceroso sano y en la parte inferior un
hgado canceroso

Fig.4. Cncer heptico

Fig.3. Localizacin del tumor en el
hgado.

Fig.5. Estadio del cncer de

hgado