Genex U-Net Introduction PDF

CONFIDENTIAL
GENEX U-Net
Introduction
ISSUE 4.0 www.huawei.com
RNP Staff Training Dept.
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential

References
U-Net User Manual
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 3

Objectives
After this course, you will
Comprehend the features and
functions of GENEX U-Net
Master how to use U-Net to plan a
network step by step
Know how to use U-Net for HSDPA
planning

Contents
1 GENEX Overview
2 GENEX U-Net Features
3 How to use U-Net to plan a network
4 Using U-Net for HSDPA planning

Huawei GENEX Family GENEX Nastar is a platform for
monitoring and optimizing the
performance of
GSM/CDMA/WCDMA wireless
networks
GENEX Nastar
Network Performance Analysis System
The GENEX Probe, network

optimization and drive test data
collection system, is an air interface
test tool for
WCDMA/HSDPA/GSM/GPRS
networks.
GENEX Probe GENEX Assistant is a professional
wireless test data post-processing
GENEX Test Mobile
software system.
GENEX Assistant
Test & Post-Process Tools
Downlink + Uplink
GENEX U-Net is a radio planning

tool that fully supports the
technologies of GSM,GPRS-EDGE,
CDMA IS95,
RNC WCDMA/UMTS/HSDPA, CDMA
GENEX U-Net 2000/1xRTT/1xEVDO, and TD-
Radio Network Planning Tool SCDMA wireless networks.

Whole Flow Overview
GENEX covers Radio Network Planning

Tool
the network
Air Interface Test Tool and
lifecycle Post-Processing Tool
Network Performance
Analysis Tool
Make full use of

network resource

GENEX Partners in The World
Applied in the Huawei 2G and 3G planning and Aims at consistently providing the customers with
optimization projects professional and high-level solutions for network planning
Covers more than forty countries, including and optimization.
commercial and pilot network Employed by network operators and designing institutes all
Assists the renowned operators in establishing and over 26 provinces and municipalities
optimizing the network with high quality. Integrates the experiences of renowned operators,
The network operators include but not limited to: China advancing with customers hand by hand.
Mobile, China Unicom, China Telecom, China Netcom,
Vodafone, PBTL, T-Mobile, Orange, CellPlus,
PCCW(Sunday), Telecom, eMobile.

Contents
1 GENEX Overview

U-Net Overview
A professional radio network design tool, supporting GSM/TDMA,
GPRS-EDGE, CDMAOne, W-CDMA/UMTS and CDMA 2000/1x
RTT/EVDO. It is specially designed for 3G.
Support both single system configuration and Enterprise server-
based network configuration. The single system configuration does
not require connecting external database and users still can share
engineering data.
With modern software structure as well as open and extendable
platform.

Modules
3G Measurements DT AFP MicroWav Pre-
module module Module Module e Module
planning
(GSM)
module
Network
dimensionin
Test Mobile data 2G DT data g
CW test data for
Prediction coverage Microwave
and Propagation prediction Automatic managemen
simulation model tuning Frequency t & analysis
for WCDMA Planning
& 2G DT data
CDMA2000/ for
1xRTT/EV- propagation
DO model
tuning
U-Net Base Modulerequired

(including GSM network planning and prediction)

System Requirement
U-Net Work Station
PC Pentium3 processor or better
more than 256 MB memory. 512 MB memory is suggested
Windows NT 4.0/Windows 2000 Professional/Windows XP
U-Net stand-alone version needs no external database
Multi-user structure supports the following database
management system (Single user does not apply)
Microsoft Access 97/2000
Microsoft SQL Server 7.0
Oracle v8.1.7 or higher
Sybase Adaptive Server V 11.5

Powerful Geography Information System
Database for World Coordinate System
(about 980 kinds)
Support various map formats:
Raster dataBIL, TIF, BMP, MapInfo, ArcView,
ERDAS Imagine, MSI Planet...
Vector data
Vector
Support various resolutions:
1 meter precision at most
Support various map types

Digital Elevation Model (DEM)
clutter type data ( Type and Elevation)
raster
Three-dimensional architectural data (raster and vector data)
Traffic data and Population-density data
Satellite and navigation map
Vector data
DTM

Multi-user Management
Advanced database structure
Flexible database structure, support
multi-user through standard RDBMS
(MS Access, MS SQL Server V7,
Oracle V8, Sybase)
Security management
Database consistency
Database connection/disconnection
Stand-alone/distributed/client-server
Server2 Server1 Workstation 4 Workstation 3 Workstation 2 Workstation 1
Server1 Server2 Server3
Workstation 4 Workstation 3 Workstation 2 Workstation 1
user 1 user 2 user 3 user 4 user 5 user 6 user 7

Propagation Model
Modern Propagation Calculation Engine:
Define propagation module on different levels:
sectors, sites, zones or layers.
Support geo databases with various resolutions
Path loss matrix with dual-resolution per transmitter
Distributed calculation Area calculated
using a
microcell model
Integrated Propagation Modules:
SPM Standard Propagation Module
Okumura-Hata Cost-Hata Transmitter
Area calculated
using a macrocell
ITU 526-5 and ITU 370-7 Propagation Module model
Longley-Rice and WLL Propagation Module

Interfaces Open to Exterior Modules
Integrate exterior propagation modules via API
Integrate the existing third party propagation modules
completely,
e.g. : Wavesight, Volcano, Winpro.
Influence simulation results:

Factor I: precision of propagation model

Measurement Module
Import CW Measurement Data :
Import and display CW data
Prediction /measurement comparison and statistics
analysis
Automatically correction of propagation modules
according to CW measurement.
Import Measurement Data for Mobile Testing

Import, display and analyze testing mobile data.
Replay on the map according to routes defined by users.
Analyze and display paging events.
Support generic ASCII and industry-specific standard
formats.
Automatically correction of propagation modules
using mobile-testing drive test data.

Traffic Model
For each user Traffic
Model
Service
Circuit / packet
User User
Active factor
Profile Density
Nominal rate
Traffic power
Equipment Services
Terminals Mobility
Ec/Io threshold
Mobility WCDMA Traffic model
Traffic map
Based on environment
Based on live traffic data
Based on traffic density
Influence simulation results:

Factor II: precision of traffic model

Simulation
Monte Carlo simulation
Outputs
reports
statistics
More than 100 kinds predictions
For advanced analysis
Parameters for each user in every snapshot
(UL load, DL load, rejection reason, etc.)

Point Analysis
Live Computation (without considering path loss matrix).
Path Profile
Studied
transmitters Types of TRX (or Distance Estimated
and carriers in UMTS andSignal Level at Modulesbetween Tx- shadow
repeaters CDMA/CDMA2000the receivers end used Rx margins
Diffraction
Loss
DTM
the angle of the LOS

read in the antenna Diffraction peak (different
Indication of LOS 10GHz
vertical pattern propagation modules have
interference (If it is ellipse
considered in modules). different peaks).

Point Analysis
Radio reception diagnosis for a given point
Analysis of specific
carrier or all
Choose an existing
Definition of user- carriers (Carriers
simulation and check its Availability of
definable probe are considered as
load conditions on UL and Pilot
receiver sets in site
DL.
equipment).
Availability of
Cells in mobile Cells outside traffic on UL and
active set (grey active set (white DL
area) area)
Threshold for best server that
Active set threshold (best becomes part of active set. (It
pilot quality active set varies with different mobility
threshold0. types).

Contents
1 GENEX Overview

Simulation step by step
RNP Input & Equipment Traffic model
configuration
Setup Run Pilot Pilot Traffic

YES
Link budget network Field Level Forecast
Analysis Design Strength OK? Avail?
Prediction
NO NO
YES
Neighborhood Scrambling code Run UMTS Setup fixed

planning criteria allocation criteria NO Traffic Load values
simulation
Neighbors planning& Performance

Output YES Make predictions
Scrambling code Requirements
parameters allocation Fulfilled? (Services)

Network Modeling
Geo data digital map
Propagation Model
Network database

Digital Map
Digital map is used for planning basically consists of the following three
components, stored under three directories respectively.
\Heights
Digital Terrain Model (DTM): stored in a binary format where each
element of the data represents the height above sea level in meters for
a square area. Directly participate in radio propagation model
calculation.
\Clutter
Digital Land Use (DLU): stored in a binary format with each element
of the data containing a code corresponding to a category of land
usage for a square area, such as forest, lake, open area, industrial
area, urban area, high-storey building area. It is used during
calculating radio propagation path loss.
\Vector
Linear vector Model (LDM): linear vector data describes plane
distribution and space relationship of linear clutters, including
speedway, street and river.
For Planet format map, Linear (2D) vector data is stored in ASCII
DOS format and requires following types of input file - an index file,
a menu file, and one or several vector data files.

Digital Map
For high resolution digital map, there are another two
kinds of maps which describe the building height.
\Clutter Height
Digital Height Model (DHM): format is exactly the same as the
DTM format except that the height values stored represent
clutter height above ground level, that is, flat earth. Where
clutter is open, values should be 0m.
\3D Vector
3D vector data describe the shapes of clutters but also their
heights in great detail. 3D vector data is expected to contain
at least building contours and heights but contours and
heights are also recommended for other clutters (e.g.
vegetation, water).
For Planet format map, 3D vector data is stored in ASCII
DOS format and requires following types of input file an
index file, a menu file, and one or several couples of
vector data files + vector 3D attributes files.

Selecting coordinate system
U-Net works with the following two coordinate systems at
the same time:
Projection (Primary) coordinate system: It is a coordinate system of
geographical database which depends on the imported geographic file.
(Usually, projection system can be found in Projection file in DTM map directory).
Display coordinate system: it is a coordinate system for display and
data-input. All the geographical coordinates are displayed and input
according to this system. If the projection coordinate system and the
display coordinate system do not match with each other, U-Net will
adjust them.

Propagation Model
Frequency
Model Take into account Required settings Recommended use
band
Longley- Terrain profile - Flat areas
Rice 40 MHz Calibration
(theoretical) Reflection - Very low frequencies
ITU 370-7 100 MHz -Percentage time while real - Long distances (d>10km)
- Terrain profile
Vienna 93 400 MHz field > calculated field - Low frequencies
- Terrain profile
ITU 526-5 30 - 10.000
- Diffraction (3 knife-edge Deygout Fixed receivers
(theoretical) MHz
method)
- Terrain profile
- Free space loss
30 - 10.000 - Deterministic clutter Fixed receivers
WLL - Receiver height and
MHz - Diffraction (3 knife-edge Deygout > Microwave links
clearance per clutter
method)
- Terrain profile
- With diffraction or not 1 < d < 20 km
Okumura- 150 - 1.000 - Statistical clutter (at the receiver)
- Urban loss + correction > GSM 900
Hata MHz - 1 formula per clutter
a(Hr) > CDMA/CDMA2000
- Reflection
- Terrain profile
- With diffraction or not 1 < d < 20 km
1.500 - 2.000 - Statistical clutter (at the receiver)
Cost-Hata - Urban loss + correction > GSM 1800
MHz - 1 formula per clutter
a(Hr) > UMTS
- Reflection
- With diffraction weight 1 < d < 20 km
- K1, ..., K6 (single formula) > GSM 900
Standard - Terrain profile - LOS or NLOS
150 - 2.000 > GSM 1800
Propagation - Statistical clutter differentiation
MHz > UMTS
Model - Effective antenna height - Loss per clutter with
clutter weighting > CDMA/CDMA2000
- Receiver clearance (Automatic calibration available)

Standard Propagation Model (SPM
PathLoss=K1 + K2log(d) + K3log(HTxeff) + K4Diffraction
+ K5log(d)log(HTxeff) + K6(HRxeff) + Kclutterf(clutter)
K1: Constant offset (dB)

K2: Multiplying factor for log(d)
d: Distance between the receiver and the transmitter (m)
K3: Multiplying factor for log(HTxeff)
HTxeff: Effective height of the transmitter antenna (m)
K4: Multiplying factor for diffraction calculation. K4 has to be a positive
number
Diffraction loss: Losses due to diffraction over an obstructed path (dB)
K5: Multiplying factor for log(HTxeff)log(d)
K6: Multiplying factor for HRxeff
HRxeff: Mobile antenna height (m)
Kclutter: Multiplying factor for f(clutter).
f(clutter): Average of weighted losses due to clutter

Network Database
Sites
A site is a geographical point where one or several transmitters (multi-sector
site or station) equipped with antennas with particular characteristics are
located.

Network Database
CE (Channel Element) Consumption
The number of channel element required by a site depends on site
equipment, bearer type and link direction (UL or DL)
Example of CE Consumption (Huawei NodeB)
Nb CEs used Nb CEs used

Bearer Name
(UL) (DL)
AMR 12.2 1 1
CS64 3 2
PS128 5 4
PS144 5 4
PS384 10 8
PS64 3 2

Network Database
Horizontal Pattern Vertical Pattern
Other Properties: Manufacturer, Gain (dBi), Beamwidth, Frequency

Network Database
Transmitters
A transmitter is the source or generator of any signal on a transmission
medium. A transmitter is a piece of equipment composed of some
antennas located on a site.

Transmitter Parameters
Average frequency (FDD)
used by propagation model
Carrier number
Spread bandwidth
Default remaining
orthogonality factor at the
receiver
Io calculation mode
Total noise
Without pilot
Nt calculation mode
Total noise
Without useful signal (signal of the
considered cell)
Maximal Ratio Combining in
softer/soft (2 sites, 3 Txs) (use both
of rake factor and UL Macro-
diversity gain)
Gain applied to the max Eb/Nt on several links in SHO
in order to determine the resulting quality at the RNC

Network Database
Cells
Each carrier on a transmitter defines a WCDMA cell; cell gives the
carrier characteristics on a transmitter.

Transmitter Equipment Parameters
U-Net provides two ways to calculate

transmission/reception losses:
Use losses of TMA and feeder to
calculate
Directly set in Transmitters table

RNP Input & Equipment Traffic model
configuration

YES
Prediction
NO NO
YES

simulation
Neighbors planning& Performance

Output YES Make predictions
Scrambling code Requirements

Predictions
1. Predictions without simulation

(Independent of Traffic)
2. Predictions with simulations

(Dependent on traffic)

Predictions without simulation
Coverage by Coverage by signal Overlapping zones:

transmitter: Display the level: Display the signal Display the signal level
best server coverage level across the studied across the studied area
area

Coverage Prediction Parameters
Setting the following parameters:
Signal level threshold value: defaulted as -
120dBm and the maximum value has no upper
limit.
All Servers or Best Server: usually select Best
server so as to be convenient to observe the
coverage of the best cell.
Signal level margin of the best cell: defaulted as
0.
Cell Edge Coverage Probability: if shadow
Carrier: select a specific carrier
fading needs not taken into account, set 50%;
or all carriers, when All be
by default, shadow fading with 75% probability
selected, U-Net calculates the
has taken into account.
best carrier for each transmitter.
Indoor Coverage: if checked, indoor loss set for
each clutter has taken into account.

Computation Zone
Usually, Computation Zone needs to be drawn before predictions.
Combine:
Delete:
Specially,
The computation zone may consist of several polygons. Draw a first
polygon or select the existing zone on the map, then select the Combine tool
of the Vector Edition bar and draw another polygon.
The computation zone may be holed. Draw a polygon or select the existing
zone on the map, then select the Delete tool of the Vector Edition bar and
delete the part you want to remove from the polygon.

RNP Input & Equipment
Traffic model
configuration

YES
Prediction
NO NO
YES

simulation
Neighbors planning& YES Performance

Output Scrambling code Requirements Make predictions

Traffic Modeling
Environments
User profiles
Terminals
Mobility type
Services

Services
Service name
Service priority (0 : lowest)
Type of service
Macro-diversity use
DL and UL nominal rate (kbps) (seen by

the user)
DL and UL coding factors (rate)
Circuit : DL and UL activity factors

(DTX - Time)
Packet : DL and UL packet efficiency
factors (unsuccessful data
retransmission)
Min and max allowed transmitter traffic

power per link
Body loss used in link budget

Services
DL and UL Eb/Nt targets per mobility
Service Name, eg. Voice, VP, Web,

Streaming etc.
Active factor/Efficiency factor
Nominal rate (UL & DL)
Body Loss (dB)
Max/Min DL TCH Power (dBm)
Eb/Nt corresponding to Mobility

Mobility type
Name: eg. 50km/h, 90km/h, Pedestrian etc.

Ec/Io threshold: the minimum Ec/Io required from a transmitter to enter the
active set. In the U-Net, this value is verified for the best server.
Values refer to WCDMA/UMTS specifications or commercial network
configuration
Mobility type name

Pilot quality threshold
(depending on speed) to define
the best server of a mobile active
set

Terminals
Terminal name
Minimum and maximum
allowed power (UL) during
power control simulation Gain and loss in terminal
Noise figure used in the DL

load factor determination
Active set size : number of

transmitters which can be
DL rake factor used for the
connected to a mobile
signal recombination at
(maximum 4 in UMTS)
the terminal

User profiles
User profile name
Which
service
with which
terminal
Usage frequency with different definition

Circuit : average number of calls per hour, average duration of a call in seconds
Packet : DL and UL packet efficiency factors (unsuccessful data retransmission)
Name: e.g. Urban users, Suburban users; or based on user behaviors,
such as Upper users, Lower users etc.
Which terminal do this kind of user use?
For which service?
With which usage characteristics (call number, duration, volume)
Values come from MI or OMC data.

Environments
Environment
type name
List of user profiles

with associated
mobility and density
Possible clutter
weighting in order to
get an accurate user
distribution

Create Traffic Map
Purpose of traffic map
Transfer traffic modeling onto the digital map for UMTS simulations.
Traffic map makes traffic model become meaningful geographically.
Map based on Environments

Each pixel of the map is assigned an environment
class
Traffic map is created based on combination of user
profile, user density and mobility

Create Traffic Map
Map based on Transmitters and Services
Based on Best Server Coverage Prediction
Define throughput or user numbers per
service for each transmitter
Live traffic spread over the service area of
each transmitter

Traffic model
configuration

YES
Prediction
NO NO
YES

simulation


Simulation Basis
Simulation is oriented to simulate the

running situation of networks under
the current network configuration so
as to facilitate decision-making
adjustment.
U-Net use Monte Carlo simulation to

generate user distributions (snapshots)
randomly. By iteration, U-Net get the
uplink/downlink cell loading, the
connection status and rejected reason
for each mobile.
Snapshots, U-Net is able to generate

prediction plots by using a non interfering
mobile (called probe mobile or test
mobile)

Static Simulation
Generate a certain quantity of network instantaneous state - Snapshot.

Here, some MSs or terminals are distributed based on a certain rule (such
as random even distribution) at each Snapshot.
Acquire connection capability between terminals and networks by
incremental operation.
Here, it is required to consider the possibility of multiple connection
failure (uplink/downlink traffic channel maximum transmit power,
unavailable channels, low Ec/Io and uplink/downlink interference).
Measure and analyze results of multiple Snapshots to have a overall
understanding of network performance.
Monte Carlo simulation is a kind of static simulation.

Monte Carlo Simulation
The following takes coverage probability for an example to further
understand how Monte Carlo simulation is performed.
100% 20% 60% 100%
0% 75% 60% 40%

Monte Carlo Simulation
X X X X
120
50
1X 2
X 1 4 X 3 XX 5
X
3 500mErl
X 4 XX1200mErl
XX X
X
X X
100 X3 30 X
1X X X
4
4 XX 5
2 X
X5
X X1000mErl 300mErl
The overlay measurement results of multiple Snapshots should

be consistent with traffic model.

Simulation Parameters
Name
Number of simulations to
run for the current session
Simulation results contain:

Only the Average Simulation and Statistics
No Information About Mobiles
Standard Information About Mobiles
Detailed Information About Mobiles
Constraints to respect during simulation:

maximum number of channel elements
maximum uplink cell load factor
maximum downlink cell load
OVSF codes availability

Simulation Parameters (cont.) & Results
Simulation Parameters Simulation Results
Traffic
Cartography selection
Optional multiplicative factor
Convergence criteria
Maximum number of iterations
UL and DL convergence thresholds

Rejection Reason
Status Main Reason Sub Reason
On the downlink, the pilot quality is not enough
Ec/Io pilot < Ec/Io min pilot
(no cell in the user active set)
The signal quality is On the downlink, there is not enough reception

Ptch > Ptch max
not sufficient on traffic channel
On the uplink, there is not enough power to

Pmob > Pmob max
transmit
Admission rejection
The maximum uplink load factor is exceeded (at
UL load saturation admission or congestion)
When constraints
Channel element saturation above are respected, There are not enough channel elements on site
the network may be
saturated
DL load saturation There are not enough power for cells
Code saturation There are no more OVSF codes available

Simulation Statistics
Request:
Total users accessed into the
network, uplink/downlink total
volume required by the
network, and details
classification of each type of
service.
Results:
Refused users and relevant
causes, users successfully
accessed, actual volume of the
network, and details
classification of each type of
service.

Traffic model
configuration

YES
Prediction
NO NO
YES

simulation


Predictions dependent on traffic
Pilot quality (Ec/Io): Displays the Pilot pollution: Displays pilot

pilot quality across the studied area. pollution statistics across the studied
area.

Service area (Eb/Nt) uplink: Displays Service area (Eb/Nt) downlink: Displays
areas where the traffic channel quality of areas where there is one or more
probe mobile at transmitter (Eb/Nt) is transmitter of which traffic channel quality at
sufficient for the transmitter to get a the receiver (Eb/Nt or combined Eb/Nt) is
service. Uplink service area is limited by sufficient for the probe mobile to obtain a
maximum terminal power. service.

Downlink Total Noise: Effective service area:

Handoff Status: Display Displays the intersection zone
areas depending on the probe Display areas where the DL
total noise or the DL noise rise between uplink and downlink
mobile handoff status. service areas. It is the area
exceeds some user-defined
levels. where a service is really
available for the probe mobile.

Traffic model
configuration

YES
Prediction
NO NO
YES

simulation


Neighbours Automatic Allocation
Intra-frequency
Inter-frequency
Inter-RAT
Display neighbours
on map

Neighbours Automatic Allocation
Max Number of
Neighboursusually 32.
Force co-site cells as

neighboursforce co-site
cells to be taken into account.
Force adjacent cells as

neighboursforce adjacent
cells to be neighbours.
Force symmetryforce
neighbour symmetry. Thus,
if B is a neighbour for A, then
A will be also a neighbour for
B.
Force exceptional pairs

force the constraints defined
for exceptional pairs.
Reset neighbours: start the automatic allocation from scratch.

Coverage conditions: eg. Signal Level, Ec/Io, coverage probability etc.
% Min covered area: minimum percent between the overlapping zone and the studied cell coverage area.

PSC Automatic Allocation
Step1. Define Scrambling Code Format (Decimal or Hexadecimal)
Step2. Create Domain-Group pairs

define the lowest and highest available PSC, separation interval, excluded and extra codes
Step3. Assign Domain to cell

Step4. Automatic Allocation
Each cell and its neighbours

not have the same code
Each cell and the neighbours of its

neighbours not have the same code. In
addition, all the neighbours (first and
second) cannot have the same code.
Clustered
Choose codes among a minimum number of clusters.
Allocate all the codes of a same cluster.
Distributed
Use as many clusters as possible. Allocate codes from
different clusters.

Scrambling Code Audit
The algorithm will be quite helpful after manual correction.
Checking Allocation Criteria
Neighbouring Relationship
Exceptional Pair
Reuse Distance
Domain
Checking Results in Reports
Scrambling Code Check.txt

Contents
1 GENEX Overview

Contents
4.1 U-Net HSDPA Simulation Theory
4.2 U-Net HSDPA Modeling
4.3 U-Net HSDPA Simulation
4.4 U-Net HSDPA Prediction

Overview
1. Predictions. E.g. HS-PDSCH Ec/Nt, CQI, Peak Rate,
Application Throughput
2. HSDPA Monte-carlo Simulation
3. Independent HSDPA carrier and shared carrier with R99
4. Multi-carriers configuration
5. Static or Dynamic HS-PDSCH Power Allocation
6. Static or Dynamic HS-SCCH Power Allocation
7. Static or Dynamic code Allocation
8. Configurable 1-4 HS-SCCH
9. Limited Max number of HSDPA users
10. MAXC/I, RR, PF Scheduling Algorithm

Theory - CQI
There are two methods to calculate CQI
Based on CPICH quality
Based on HS-PDSCH quality
The Two mapping tables are provided in U-Net
Huawei recommends the use of HS-PDSCH based quality mapping table
because this tables default parameters are consistent with Huaweis
recommendation
HS-PDSCH Ec/Nt & CQI mapping table CPICH Ec/Nt & CQI mapping table

Theory-Scheduling
The order of the served HSDPA users is depending on which one of the three
available scheduling techniques has been selected .
Proportion FairMAX C/IRound Robin are offered by this Version.
MAX C/IResources allocated to UE with the best radio propagation conditions.
HSDPA users are sorted in CQI descending order
Round Robin: Resources allocated in a sequential way. HSDPA users are taken
into account in their order of appearance in MC simulation (random order)
Proportion Fair: A compromise between the two previous methods to allow to
serve also users with bad radio conditions but trying to maximize average
throughput. HSDPA users are first sorted in CQI descending order. Then the first
HSDPA_MAX_USERS are taken into account in their appearance order.
All codes
reserved for
HSDPA
transmission
2ms

Theory-Peak Rate
Peak Rate is RLC layer rate
The calculation process:
Mapping Radio Bearer Index from CQI
Looking up HSDPA Radio bearer corresponding
to the Radio bearer Index
Estimating UE categories supporting the bearer
(Modulation/Code etc)
If supportedget the Peak Rate; if not, then go
back to HSDPA Radio bearer to look up the
best bearer and get the Peak Rate

Theory-Application Throughput
Application Throughput is Application layer rate
The formula from peak rate to application throughput:
DL
R peak (1 BLER ) ScaleFacto r Offect
RDL

TTI
application
BLER defined in HSDPA Quality graph

Scaling Factor and Offset defined in HSDPA Service
TTI is the minimum interval between two continuous
TTI defined in the UE category

Contents

Transmitters
Right click Transmitters/Properties/Global Parameters and get the
popup window
NtWithout useful signal and Total Noise, Without useful signal is
recommended to be selected
CQIBased on HS-PDSCH quality or Based on CPICH quality,
Based on HS-PDSCH quality is recommended to be selected

Cells
Right click Transmitters/Cells/Open table to Open cell table

Cells (cont.)
HSDPA Powerfor static HSDPA power allocation there is need to fill in
power values whilst if it dynamic HSDPA power allocation, there is no need
Power Headroom: the headroom left for fast fading and power control
margin. For dynamic HSDPA power allocation there is need to fill in
headroom values 0.4576 [10lg(100/90)=0.4576dB ]whilst if it static HSDPA
power allocation, there is no need
HS-SCCH Power: for static HS-SCCH power allocation there is need to fill
in power values(5% of HSDPA Power generally) whilst if it dynamic HS-
SCCH power allocation, there is no need
Scheduler Algorithmsupports Proportion Fair, MAX C/I and Round Robin
Others include: max /min number of HS-PDSCH codes ,the method of

HSDPA power allocation, the method of HS-SCCH allocation ,Number of
HS-SCCH channels, Max number of HSDPA users etc

Terminals
Click UMTS Parameters/Terminals/HSDPA to open HSDPA terminal table
HSDPA related parameters: HSDPA supported, UE Category, MUD Factor
(recommended value is 0)
UE Categories are from 1 to 12 defined by 3GPP specifications

Terminals (cont.)
Right click Terminals (UMTS Parameters )and select HSDPA User
Equipment Categories to open UE categories table
No need to be modified, use the defaults values

Terminals (cont.)
Right click Terminals and select Reception Equipment to open
Reception Equipment Type
Double click standard to open standard properties
Include CQI tableBest Bearer table and DL Quality Indicator Table.
They have been introduced ahead
No need to be modified, use the default values

Mobility Types
Double chick Mobility Types to open the table
We need to set the Ec/Nt Threshold. U-Net calculates the HS-SCCH
Power from these threshold when is set to HS-SCCH Dynamic Power
Allocation. The suggested values as shown in the figure below

Services
Double click Services to open
HSDPA properties
HS-PDSCH Requested
Average Rate: Requested
Average Rate by Per user, the
default is 100Kbps.it just affects
the HSDPA user densities
Scaling factor and offset is the
factor and offset of RLC layer
and Application LayerU-Net
calculates Application
throughput from Peak Rate

Services (cont.)
Click the right button of R99 Radio Bearer to open ADPCH-UL64
properties
Set Nominal Rate ,Coding Factor and DPCCH/DPCH Power Ratio of
Uplink and Downlink. It is recommended to use the default values

Services (cont.)
Set UL and DL Target in the Eb/Nt sheet

Services (cont.)
Right click Service and select
HSDPA Radio Bearers
Set the mapping table from
Radio Bearer index to Peak
rate
Not need to be modified, use
the default values

User Profiles
Right click User Profile and select New to create HSDPA User
E.g. : the Uplink traffic is continuous 64kbps, the Downlink traffic is
continuous 2Mbps. This means
1. 64 kbps/8 * 3600 = 28800 Kbytes
2. 2 Mbps *1024 / 8 *3600 = 921600 KBytes

Traffic Maps
Map based on Transmitters and Services (Throughputs) Map based
on Transmitters and Services (Users) in present U-Net version, create
different maps for R99 and HSDPA service to avoid R99 terminal to be
allocated with HSDPA traffic and influence simulation accuracy
R99
HSDPA

Contents

Simulation Statistics
R99 service access rate
The reasons of Rejected and delayed
1. HSDPA Delayed: lack of HSDPA power
2. HSDPA Scheduler Saturation: HSDPA users not in selected HSDPA_MAX_USERS users

Simulation Result - Cell
In group, check the results in
cell (average)
In single simulation, check the
results in cell
There are two important
parameters of power
1. Total Transmitted Power
without HSDPA (DL) (dBm)
total Power of R99 traffic
and pilot channels etc in
downlink.
When HSDPA traffic existsit is the
2. HSDPA PowerdBm
maximum usable power and depending
HSDPA traffic power on remaining OVSF codes UE
categories etc
When no HSDPA traffic, the values is 0

Simulation Result - Mobile
In group, check the results in cell
(average)
results in cell
There are two important
parameters of power
1. DL requested rate: Depending on
HSDPA usable Power,remaining OVSF
codes and UE categories etc, it is not
associated with HSDPA traffic
2. DL obtained rate: depending on the
scheduler algorithm (Round Robin, Max
CQI, Proportional Fair) to select which
users obtain the rate

Simulation Result - Rate
In group, check the results in cell
(average)
results in cell
Some important results :
1. HSDPA Application Throughput:
Application layer ratecalculated from
HSDPA Peak Rate.
2. HSDPA Peak rateRLC layer rate
for single simulation, equaling to the
average requested rate (HSDPA) of
mobiles (connecting DL) in the cell
3. Instantaneous HSDPA Rate for
single simulation, equaling to the sum
of obtained rates (HSDPA) in the cell
4. Instantaneous HSDPA Rate of GROUP
simulations can be regarded as the cell
average rate. But it is not the actual cell
average rate, it is not associated with
HSDPA traffic

Contents

Predictions for HSDPA
Right Click Prediction and select New, Study Types, select
HSDPA Study
Select Fields (HS-PDSCH Ec/Nt, CQI, Peak Rate, Application
Throughput) in Display sheet
Peak rateRLC layer rate
Application Throughput: Application layer rate

HS-PDSCH Ec/Nt: HS-PDSCH quality CQI: associated with the DL transmission

is associated with the DL transmission rate.
rate, range from -20dB to 20dB

Peak rate: Display RLC rate for each Application Throughput: Display
pixel. applicatioin rate for each pixel.

Thank you
www.huawei.com

Genex U-Net Introduction PDF

Caricato da

Informazioni sul documento

Titolo originale

Copyright

Formati disponibili

Condividi questo documento

Condividi o incorpora il documento

Opzioni di condivisione

Hai trovato utile questo documento?

Questo contenuto è inappropriato?

Copyright:

Formati disponibili

Genex U-Net Introduction PDF

Caricato da

Copyright:

Formati disponibili

CONFIDENTIAL

RNP Staff Training Dept.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential

U-Net User Manual

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 3

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 4

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 5

The GENEX Probe, network

GENEX U-Net is a radio planning

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 6

GENEX covers Radio Network Planning

Make full use of

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 7

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 8

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 9

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 10

U-Net Base Modulerequired

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 11

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 12

Support various map types

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 13

Server1 Server2 Server3

Workstation 4 Workstation 3 Workstation 2 Workstation 1

user 1 user 2 user 3 user 4 user 5 user 6 user 7

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 14

ITU 526-5 and ITU 370-7 Propagation Module model

Longley-Rice and WLL Propagation Module

Influence simulation results:

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 15

Import Measurement Data for Mobile Testing

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 16

Influence simulation results:

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 17

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 18

the angle of the LOS

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 19

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 20

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 21

Setup Run Pilot Pilot Traffic

Neighborhood Scrambling code Run UMTS Setup fixed

Neighbors planning& Performance

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 22

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 23

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 24

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 25

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 26

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 27

K1: Constant offset (dB)

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 28

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 29

Example of CE Consumption (Huawei NodeB)

Nb CEs used Nb CEs used

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 30

Horizontal Pattern Vertical Pattern

Other Properties: Manufacturer, Gain (dBi), Beamwidth, Frequency

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 31

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 32

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 33

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 34

U-Net provides two ways to calculate

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 35

Setup Run Pilot Pilot Traffic

Neighborhood Scrambling code Run UMTS Setup fixed