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'S ta nd ard' P S K 31
Freq ue ncy
S ettin g the carrie r o n the u pp er
slop e yield s b etter reje ctio n o f
-2 0 d B a lte rn ate-side ba nd en erg y.
(RF output for 1500 H z tone
from sound card ) Fc
3 58 0.5
F(M H z)
-4 0 d B
3.578 3.579 3.580 3.581 3.582 3.583
3 .5 79 54 5 (W 1AW )
(m arke d cry stal fre q.)
Figure 1: Receiver passband response
(U1) Ca rrier LP
Osc. Filter
(U2) Q9
Audio Out
Xtal T/R
(U3) Pre amp
Filter Switch
AF Amp Y4-Y6
Figure 2: Warbler block diagram
side of the passband. This yields better (LINE OUT) is connected to J2. Q1 is
rejection of W1AW and results in lower- closed during transmit and passes au-
sideband (LSB) operation. Because the dio- and DC bias- to Q2. Several hun-
filter uses series-resonant type crystals, dred mV p-p of audio are applied to mixer
the passband is actually above the marked U1 to generate DSB energy at a (sup-
crystal frequency. The BFO is pulled to pressed) carrier frequency of 3582 KHz.
the high side of the passband using a small Crystals Y1 and Y2 and C6-C8 provide
value of capacitance in series with the a measure of filtering to eliminate the bulk
BFO crystal. of the unwanted sideband energy. The
remaining SSB signal is amplified by Q3
So what do we do with a filter which op- and Q4. The output of Q4 includes an L-
erates right at the RF? For starters, con- network (collector choke L1 and C10)
sider a Neophyte DC receiver- its noth- which matches the driver impedance to
ing but a product detector and AF amp.
that of the PA stage.
By tacking a crystal filter right on the
front end, its still a DC receiver, but its Things begin to look a little different
selectivity and its resistance to out-of- around the PA stage! The push-pull con-
passband IMD are considerably im- figuration used here was done for two
proved! On the transmit side, adding such reasons: to improve available output
a filter to the output of a balanced modu- power and for better spectral purity. To
lator creates an SSB signal right at the the extent that the two halves of the am-
RF frequency. Take a look at the block plifier show equal gains on their respec-
diagram in Figure 2 ... Pretty simple, eh? tive half-cycles of conduction, this bal-
Naturally, reducing this simplicity to ance pays off in rejection of second-har-
practice always seems to involve adding monic energy. Input trifilar transformer
a few components. T1 splits the drive signal into two out-of-
phase drives to Q5 and Q6. Another
The complete schematic of this trans- multifilar winding (T2) combines the col-
ceiver design is shown on the full-page lector outputs. The third winding on T2
insert to the center of this manual. Please
is wound separately and has a different
refer to it for the following discussion. turns count. Its set for a collector imped-
Lets start with the transmitter. Audio ance of 12 ohms- in theory, up to 6W
from a computers soundcard output should be available from this stage. In
28
C 20
Figure 8