SHELL LUBRICANTS TECHNOLOGY LEADERSHIP

NATURAL GAS ENGINE OIL ANALYSIS

Jim Engelskirchen Tim Russell

Technical Advisor Power Marketing Manager

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BEFORE WE GET STARTED

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SPEAKERS

Jim Engelskirchen

Shell Technical Advisor, TX/OK/NM Region

37 years in lubricants field
Natural gas engine oil focal point
Married with 4 sons and 3 grandchildren

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SPEAKERS

Tim Russell

Power Marketing Manager

33 Years in Lubrication Field
Extensive sales experience in natural gas
engine oil sector
Married 31 years with two married sons

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AGENDA

Oil Sampling Procedure

RICE/NESHAP
Data Interpretation
Q&A

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 THE LIFE-SAVING RULES AT SHELL

Verify isolation Obtain

before work Obtain authorization Protect yourself
Work with a
Conduct gas tests begins and use authorization before overriding against a fall
valid work permit
when required the specified life before entering or disabling when working at
when required
protecting a confined space safety critical height
equipment equipment

While driving,
Do not smoke No alcohol or Follow prescribed
Do not walk do not use your
outside drugs while Wear your Journey
under a phone and
designated working or seat belt Management
suspended load do not exceed
smoking areas driving Plan
speed limits

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SAMPLING PROCEDURE DOS & DONTS
Do
Use sampling valves
Locate valves to be convenient
and effective
Allow enough operating time
to evaporate condensation
Train sampling personnel to
ensure consistency
Get a representative sample!
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Dont
Sample cold system
Drain-port sampling whatever
drains out
Changing sampling methods
and point
Dirty sampling pathway
Cross-contamination of sampling
devices
Waiting days (or weeks) before
sending samples to lab
 IMPACT OF NESHAP-RICE ON
GAS ENGINE OIL ANALYSIS

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NESHAP RICE

National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants

(NESHAP)
Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engine. (RICE)
Subpart ZZZZ of the Code of Federal Regulations
(40 CFR 63) addresses stationary RICE.
Main criteria pollutants emitted:
CO, Particulate Matter, NOx, VOC

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NESHAP RICE ZZZZ

Rules applies to many stationary engines, but not all.

Federal standards address maintenance practices based upon the
assumption that a well maintained engine pollutes less.
Regulations establish specific oil drain intervals based upon engine
horsepower, location and method of operation.
Operators have the choice to change oil at prescribed intervals or sample
at that interval to demonstrate the oil is still suitable for use.
If a sample exceeds ZZZZ limits, the operator is required to change the oil
within 2 business days or shut the unit down.

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ZZZZ OIL ANALYSIS CRITERIA AND LIMITS

Parameter Condemning Limits

Increases by more than 3.0 mg of
Total Acid Number (TAN) potassium hydroxide per gram from
TAN of the oil when new
Changed by more than 20% from
Viscosity
the viscosity of the oil when new
% Water Content by volume >0.5

Oil Analysis must be performed at same frequency specified for

oil changes
If condemned, change oil within 2 business days

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OFFICIAL MYSELLA BASELINE OIL VALUES
Shell Mysella Shell Mysella Shell Mysella Shell Mysella
S2 Z 30 S2 Z 40 S2 Z 15W-40 S3 S 40
TAN (D 664)mg
0.30 0.30 0.30 1.18
KOH/g
ZZZZ Tan Limit 3.30 3.30 3.30 4.18
Visc 100C, cSt 11.9 13.5 14.5 13.9
ZZZZ Visc Limit 14.3 16.2 17.4 16.7

Shell Mysella Shell Mysella Shell Mysella Shell Mysella

S3 N 30 S3 N 40 S5 N 40 S5 N 15W-40
TAN (D 664)mg
1.04 1.04 0.95 0.95
KOH/g
ZZZZ Tan Limit 4.04 4.04 3.95 3.95
Visc 100C, cSt 11.6 13.9 13.5 14.3
ZZZZ Visc Limit 13.9 16.7 16.2 17.2

Regulators may ask for product baseline values during audits

Confirm oil analysis laboratory is utilizing ZZZZ limits
Make sure laboratory has correct product identification and baseline values
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TAN TEST HAS QUESTIONABLE PRECISION

Reproducibility = Expected variance when a single sample is tested multiple times

Function of Test Method (Not laboratory)

Measured by ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials)

ASTM Reproducibility for TAN: 44%

Shell LubeAnalyst Mitigation Measures

Shell LubeAnalyst verifies TAN via Elevated Oxidation/Nitration

Retest All Samples Exceeding ZZZZ Limit

Operators need to be aware of the precision limitations of the TAN test specified
by ZZZZ

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ZZZZ IMPLICATIONS

Both Federal (EPA) and State regulators are actively conducting audits
Proper sampling technique and paperwork preparation important
Recordkeeping importance elevated
Missed samples frowned upon
Was oil changed when sample was taken? If it was, check the
Oil Changed box
Periodic database maintenance is recommended
Designation of an oil analysis program administrator is encouraged

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 OIL ANALYSIS TESTS

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WHATS IMPORTANT?

For Gas Engine Oils the most important tests would include:
FTIR Oxidation and Nitration Oil degradation
Water or Coolant content Corrective action required
Viscosity (D 445) Oil degradation, contamination
Elemental Analysis Wear metals, additives and contaminants
Total Acid Number Oil degradation, acid formation

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OXIDATION

Oxidation is the reaction of oil with oxygen at high temperatures main

issue in gas engines due to high temperatures and lean burn engines
Measures oil degradation resulting in oil thickening, engine lacquering
(varnish) and deposits (ring area)
Forms weak acids resulting in corrosion of bearings and oil cooler

Limits the oil life

Measured with Infrared

Attention level: 20 [abs/cm]

Action level: 25 [abs/cm]

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NITRATION

Nitration is the reaction of oil with NOx from combustion process usually
a problem if air/fuel ratio unbalanced
Measures oil degradation resulting in oil thickening, engine lacquering
(varnish), sludge and fouling
Forms weak acids resulting in corrosion of bearings and oil cooler

Limits the oil life

Measured with Infrared

Attention level: 20 [abs/cm]

Action level: 25 [abs/cm]

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TOTAL ACID NUMBER (TAN)

Total Acid Number (TAN) Measures oil degradation and acid formation
Attention level: Increase of 2.5

Action level: Increase of 3.0

Note: NESHAP ZZZZ Limit is Increase of 3.0

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WATER / COOLANT

Water (0.1 Vol% Max) Water in Gas engines normally boils out of the oil.

Coolant is commonly detected by presence of antifreeze additives

Potassium

Sodium

Note: NESHAP ZZZZ Limit is 0.5%

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VISCOSITY

Viscosity, cSt at 100C Measures oil degradation

Attention level: 15% increase

Action level: 20% increase

Note: NESHAP ZZZZ Limit is Increase of >20%

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ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS

WEAR METALS ADDITIVE ELEMENTS CONTAMINANTS

Iron (Fe) Zinc (Zn) Silicon (Si)

Copper (Cu) Phosphorous (P) Sodium (Na)
Chromium (Cr) Silicon (Si) Potassium (K)
Aluminum (Al) Molybdenum (Mo) Lithium (Li)
Tin (Sn) Boron (B)
Nickel (Ni) Calcium (Ca)
Lead (Pb) Magnesium (Mg)
Silver (Ag) Barium (Ba)
Titanium (Ti)
Cadmium (Cd)
Molybdenum (Mo)
Manganese (Mn)

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 DATA INTERPRETATION

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 Q&A
Submit questions in the lower right
corner of your screen.

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CONTACT US

Do you have more questions about how to better your lubrication practices?

Jim Engelskirchen
James.Engelskirchen@shell.com

Tim Russell
T.Russell@shell.com

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