Detelopment and impact of sown tropical species

Growth of Bali bulls on mtisns ccataining Sesbsnic gr{tndi$ora incentral

Lomboh Indonesia

Dahlanuddino, Baiq TutikYulianaB, Tanda PanjaitanB, MichaetJ Haltidayc and H Max Shettanc

I faculty of Animal Science, University of Mataram, Lombok, lndonesia

I Assessment lnstitute for Agricutturaf Technology, Lombok, lndonesia
" School of Agriculture and Food Soences, The University of Queensland, Australia
Contact email: dahlan travel@vahoo.com

Keywords: Bali cattle, growth rate, agroforestry, fodder tre*.

fnFoduction Table 1. Pre-trial profiles of grcups fattcning Bali cattlc at

3 sites in ccntral Lombok (March - July 2012).
The demand for meat in Indonesia is currently growing by
up to 87o peryear, with beefcattle fattening identified as a Categcries Montong Bun Prie Rep*k
majot livestock industry (Purwantara et aL 2A12). B,alri
Oboq Nyerot

callle (Bos j avanicas) account for almost 27Vo of total beef No of farmers 30 19 30
cattle in Indonesia; they are the predominant breed in the No of cattle I 1-2 /-J
llrotnehold/peri*i
eastern islands and are highly favoured by smallholder
farmers for their high fertilify, low calf mortality and
Noofcattlemonitryed I 3A 23

generally higher price at markets (Purwantara et al. 2012). Initial live weight (kg) 119 + 15 195+5 188+13
Sale weight (kg) 268 * )11+A ?lt+rr
Lombok in west Nusa Tenggara is one of the biggest -?

suppliets of Bali cattle in lndonesia. Fatteningperiod 12.5 + 1.3 4.8 * 0.4 8.3 * 0.9
(months)
A major consFaint to improving the overall gain
produetivity of Bali cattle is their slow growth rate, due to Average daily 0.,l.it * 0. 13 0.32 t 0.03 0.58 * 0.0S
(kgAxtd)
lack ofreadily available, inexpensive, highnuality protein
Anirnal value at $art 3.3 + I.4 i.0 + 0. I 3.3 * 0.3
sources. Fodder tree legumes, such as sesbania (sesbania (Rp xlotAg)
grandiflora\, offer a fast-growing, low-cost source of Animal valueatsale 2.3+0.2 3.0+0.1 3.0*0.1
protein (Evans and Rotar 1987). Farmers in Lombok have [Rp xlOa&g)
established a unique and productive integrated farming Magna 49.9+4.3 29.9r3.I 47.t*5.3
system by planting sssbania trees along the bunds ofrice @plhead/month)
paddies, providing fcrage anC timber without significantly
compromising rice yield (Dahlanuddin and Shelton 2005). average age of 7.6 *
A.4 months and mean live weight
As only the cenfral part of Lombok is intensively (LW) of 90 * 5.8 kg. Bulls were randomly allocated to the
planted with sesbani4 a collaborative project funded by 3 villages in August 2012. Farrners were requested to feed
tbe Australian Centre for International Agricultural sesbania to these bulls at rates up to 20Vo (fiesh weight) of
Research {ACIAR) is underway aiming to: il} charactrise total diet in Montong Obaq, 40Yo in Bun Prie and 60Ya in
the existing cattle fattening system; and (2) assess the Repok Nyerot. A rice bran supplement of 0.5 kg fresh
impact of differing levels of sesbania feedin$ on the rn'eigh#l0$ kg LW was siryplied for fa,-msrs ai Bun pris
growth rate ofBali bulls fiom weaning to maturity (about and Repck Nyerot, where higher levels of sesbania were
30 months old). being fed- The actual amounts and proportions ofdifferent
feeds offered were recorded on 6 consecutive days in
Materials and Methods March 2013. Live weight was measured monthly.
Objective I- Pre-triat
ResnIE and lliscussion
Three typical cattle fattening groups were selected in
The pre-rial profiies of the 3 groups arepresented in Table
central Lombok in the harrlets ofMontong Oboq, Bun prie
and Repok Nyerot. Commencing }'larch 2A12, animal
l. Farmers in Repok Nyerof aehieved the highe# daily
gains and sale weights, but the monthly profit margin was
weights, feed regimes and sale prices were monitored
slightly lowerthan forthose in Montong Oboq. The higher
regularly to understand the fattening profiles of the 3 gains were thought to be due to higher levels ofsesbania
gr0uPs.
feeding. This aspect was tested in the subsequent feeding
ObjeAive 2 Feeding trial trial- MontongOboq hadthe longest fatteningperiod (12.5
- * I .3 months), as they started with the tightest bulls ( I I 9 *
Wittin each ofthese groups, a semi-coltrolled feeding trial 15 kg). In the feeding trial, farmers could not achiwe t}e
was begun in July 2012, using 20 male Bati calves with an recommended levels of sesbania feeding (Table 2). Despite

@ 2AI3 Proceedings af the 2f InOmational Grasslond Caagress 264

 Dahlamddin et al.

Table 2. Grcwth ratcs of Bali bulls fcd scsbania foliage at 3 These data offer a basic understanding of sesbania
sitcs in ccntrel Lombok (August 2012 - March 2013). feeding systems inIndonesia and their productivity.
Variables Montong Bun Prie Repok
Growth rates'wer comparable with previously recorded
Oboq Nyerot data, namely 0.38 kgld for bull calves of similar age fed
Land ownership (ha) 0.39*0.15 0.23 r 0.01 0.53 + 0.08 30olo sesbania; however, they were muh higher than 0.2
kg/d achieved in traditional fattening systems comprising
No offarmers 6 68 diets ofpredominantly local grass species (Dahlanuddin et
selected for trial
+79 al.2013).
No ofsesbania 199 4 37 32r 326+ 3l
hees/farmer Conclusion
No ofbulls allocated 6 6 8
to vitlage Although some difficulties occurred with this on-farm
Starting weight of 87 *3 93+2 89* I re$arch, the st*dy suggests that ttle inclusion ofsesbania in
bulls (kg) the fattening diet can boost animal gtov{th rates. The trial
Requestedlevelof 20 40 60 will continue to monitor the growth path on-f&rm until the
sesbania in diet (7o bulls reach maturity.
fresh)
Aetual proportion of ?q+6 49 +2 45*4 Aeknowledgments
sesbania in diet (%
fresh) This study was tunded by ACIAR.
Amount of rice bran 0 o.g + 0.1 1.2 *0.1
References
offered {kg
DM/hd/d) Evans D0, Rota PP (1987) Productivity ofsesbania species.
Average daily gain 0.35 + 0.0? 0.34 + 0.02 0.50 + 0.04 Trop ical Agr ieuhur e 64, 193-200.
(ks&d/d) Dahlanuddin H, Shelton M (2005) Sesbania grendiflora: a
successful t'ee legume in l,ombok, Indonesia Tropical
Grasslands 39,217.
similar proportiom of sesbania inthe diet, daily gains were
Dahlamddin Fl Yulia$o TF, Priya*i A, Poppi DP, Qrigly SP
higher at Repok Nyerot (0.50 kg/hd/d) than at Bun Prie
(2013) Weaning and Suplementdion lncrease Liveweight
(0.34 kgih#d); gains at F,,Iontong Oboq were 0.35 kdhd/$
Gain of Bali (Bas7'avon ictts) Cattle of Small-holder Farmers
where sesbania feeding was least and rice bran was not fed. in Central Lombo( Indonesia Joarrnl of Animal
Differences in growth rutes may have been related to Production. (in press)
variation in feeding practices by individual farmers, i.e., Purwankra B; Noor RR, An&rsscn G; Rodriguez--Martinez H
total dry matter offered/day and differing quality of the (2012) Banteng and Bali Cattle in Indonesia: Status and
grass offered. Forecasts. Reproduction in lhmestic Anim*ls 47,24.

@ 201 3 Proceedings ofthe 22d International Grassland Congress 265