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Photoshop and RAM (displaying G-banded images in Photoshop for re-finding metaphases
for SKY):
• I recently spent half a day acquiring SKY images from a previously G-banded slide. I
was using Photoshop to display the G-banded images so that I could re-acquire the same
metaphases. I kept encountering messages in our Spectral Imaging software saying that there
was not enough ram to acquire the image and asking if I had Windows NT Administrator
privileges (I did, this is set in Start... Programs ... Administrator Tools (Common)... User
Manager). I could acquire spectral images whose peak memory usage was about 50 Mb when
Photoshop was running, even though the PC had 256 Mb ram! Exiting Photoshop allowed me
to acquire "full chip" images, but was not convenient since I then had to re-open Photoshop to
look at the next metaphase. Today I found and eliminated the problem:
• Adobe Photoshop 4.0 (Windows) defaults to being a memory hog. This severely limits
the size of a spectral image that can be acquired by our S.I. software. As installed Photoshop
reserves 75% of physical memory for itself. This means that on a 256 Mb ram computer, only
about 50 Mb are available for the Spectral Imaging acquisition software when Photoshop is
running (256 Mb - 196 Mb for Photoshop - 10 Mb for Windows NT). To change this percent,
go to
• File... Preferences... Memory & Image Cache
• Change Physical Memory Usage from 75% to a smaller value. I suggest 5% (12 Mb of a
256 Mb system). Then press OK, and exit and restart Photoshop so the new value will be
used. Making this change allowed me to have several images open in Photoshop and still
acquire a 640x480 pixel ("full chip") image with the Hamamatsu C4880-85 camera and
standard SKY acquisition settings (35 steps, 128 frames, 256 virtual frames, 450 .. 800 nm)
using our 256 Mb Micron computer.
• Incidentally, this computer also lets me keep SkyView open during acquisition sessions.
This is useful because it makes it easier to take a quick look at a dataset before moving the
slide to the next metaphase (one spectral image was out of focus, and I was able to re-acquire
it after refocusing).
• As for the G-banded images I have several comments:
1. I encourage using "full image" instead of "live region" modes to save the G-
banded images. This allows the use of more landmarks for re-finding the metaphase for
SKY.
2. Photoshop's rotate command can be handy for rotating the G-band image to
match what you see in the microscope.
3. Does anyone know of a high precision slide holder so that repeat placement of
the slide on the microscope will give the same position with the 63x lens?
Printing:
• Warning about laser printers and un-interruptible power supplies (UPS): Most computer
UPS’s (i.e. the Back-UPS 600 from APS, specify that you should not attach a laser printer to
the UPS. Check with your UPS manufacturer whether this also applies to your dye
sublimation printer.
• What printer(s):
• We often use the Codonics NP-1600 dye sublimation printer for publication quality
prints.
• We love our ~$400 Canon bubbleJet BJC-7004 (this was written in 1999 … in 2003 get
yourself a 6-ink photo quality Inkjet printer or spend the big bucks for the Fuji Pictrography).
The paper and ink cartridges are much less expensive than the Codonics (or any other) dye
sub printer. Buy one per workstation!
• Ask your ASI salesperson how much memory you need in the Codonics (more is better).
• In the PowerPoint Printer Setup dialog use “Set to Letter, Print dialog “Scale to fit
paper”.
• We use a Canon BJC-620 color bubble jet printer for internal use.
• Tom Deerinck (UCSD) told us that the Fuji Pictrograph [dry chemical?] printer produces
superior blue colors to any dye sublimation printer he has ever seen. This printer may be more
expensive than the Codonics NP-1600 dye sublimation printer we usually sell. Contact ASI if
you are interested in trying this printer out.
• Network printers: In October 1997 we used a Codonics NP-1600 printer that was on a
computer network. This printer used a web page or an FTP connection for the transport of
TIFF image files to the printer. We found that we could not print TIFF’s exported from S.I.
2.1.2 or SkyView 1.1. We found the following work-around: Open the TIFF in Adobe
Photoshop, select File menu - Save A Copy, select TIFF, then choose IBM PC format, and
overwrite the TIFF file. (ASI is looking into correcting its TIFF files so that they can be
transferred directly to the network printer).
• Prints and monitor displays are rarely the same! This is because different devices have
different “Gamma” contrast settings.
• Professor John MacKenzie (supervisor@emc.ncsu.edu, North Carolina State University,
USA) has excellent tips on image printing (he should have a web site but I have not found it
yet. I received his Photoshop Tips at both the 1997 Microscopy Society of America meeting
and by e-mailing a request to him). For gray scale images, try playing with Gamma in
Photoshop [see Photoshop tips], then saving as TIFF, and printing.
• Check the Internet and books in print for other image analysis books.